Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| sequence differences in the internal transcribed spacers of dna among four species of hookworm (ancylostomatoidea: ancylostoma). | the two ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacers (1 and 2) of the hookworms ancylostoma caninum, a. tubaeforme, a. ceylanicum and a. duodenale were sequenced. the sequence lengths were similar among the four species, except that a. ceylanicum had slightly longer (by 5-7 bp) internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2 sequences. the predicted secondary structure of the internal transcribed spacer 2 precursor rrna was similar for all species, despite interspecific differences in primary sequence ranging ... | 1999 | 10961853 |
| role of sialylation in determining the pharmacokinetics of neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) in the fischer 344 rat. | 1. recombinant neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) is a glycoprotein. its amino acid sequence remains constant and has a molecular weight of 28.9 kd. however, approximately 40% of the total molecular weight consists of glycans with variable structure. 2. the pharmacokinetics of 11 different nif batches with varying extents and patterns of sialylation have been investigated in the fischer 344 rat following intravenous administration. these data indicate that reducing the extent of nif sialylation ... | 1999 | 10598748 |
| histochemical alterations of infective third-stage hookworm larvae (l3) in vaccinated mice. | to study the histochemical alterations of hookworm l3 administered in a challenge dose to mice vaccinated previously with the larvae. male kunming strain mice vaccinated subcutaneously with 500 living ancylostoma caninum l3 once every 2 weeks for a total of three immunizations before a final challenge with 500 l3 one week after the final immunization. the abdominal skin with underlying subcutaneous tissue and muscle were removed from the site of percutaneous challenge entry (from 2-3 mice), and ... | 1999 | 10774709 |
| helminth parasites of dogs from two resource-limited communities in south africa. | biological samples were collected from dogs in resource-limited communities in the north-west and gauteng provinces of south africa to assess the prevalence of helminth parasitism. these samples included adhesive tape peri-anal skin swabs and fresh faecal samples for helminth examination, and thick and thin blood films (smears) and whole-blood samples in anticoagulant for examination of filarial nematode microfilariae and haemoprotozoa. the eggs of ancylostoma caninum, toxocara canis, toxascaris ... | 1999 | 10855829 |
| enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blotting analysis of human serologic responses to infective hookworm larval antigen. | to explore the possibility of using specific antigens for immunodiagnosis of hookworm disease in endemic area. | 1999 | 11593560 |
| cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell and eosinophil responses after challenge in mice vaccinated with living infective third-stage hookworm larvae. | to examine the quantitative and qualitative alterations in mast cells and eosinophils distributed in the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues of hookworm-infected, uninfected and vaccinated mice. | 1999 | 11721464 |
| evaluation of the role of ancylostoma caninum in humans as a cause of acute and recurrent abdominal pain. | ancylostoma caninum is responsible for cases with eosinophilic enteritis (ee) and unexplained abdominal pain with peripheral eosinophilia in man. ninety-five patients with obscure acute or recurrent abdominal pain and ten asymptomatic healthy parasite free were subjected to thorough history taking, clinical examination, sonography, routine laboratory investigations and serotesting by igg elisa to detect antibodies to excretory/secretory (es) antigens of adult a. caninum and by igg and igg4 weste ... | 1999 | 12561926 |
| host specificity in blood feeding parasites: a defining contribution by haemoglobin-degrading enzymes? | a hypothesis is presented that proposes that the compatibility between species-specific variants of haemoglobin-degrading proteases of blood-feeding parasites (e.g. hookworms, schistosomes, malarial parasites, etc.), and their natural substrates, i.e. haemoglobins from diverse species of mammals, has influenced to evolution of the host range of these parasites. support for the hypothesis was drawn from molecular modelling studies of the three dimensional structure of an aspartic protease, acasp, ... | 2000 | 10856514 |
| antithrombotic efficacy of single subcutaneous administration of a recombinant nematode anticoagulant peptide (rnap5) in a canine model of coronary artery thrombolysis. | we examined the adjunctive benefit of recombinant nematode anticoagulant peptide (rnap5), a factor xa inhibitor, in a canine model of recombinant (rt)-pa-induced thrombolysis. in anesthetized dogs, a stable occlusive thrombus was formed by electrolytic injury of the vessel wall, after which the animals were administered rt-pa (1.44 mg/kg, i.v.) and rnap5 (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.: n=13), or rt-pa plus vehicle (1-2 ml, s.c.; n=13). hemodynamic and coagulation parameters were monitored for 360 minutes. sin ... | 2000 | 10899352 |
| lfa-1 (cd11a/cd18) triggers hydrogen peroxide production by canine neutrophils. | the respiratory burst of neutrophils stimulated by chemotactic factors is markedly augmented by mac-1-dependent adhesion such as the interaction of mac-1 (cd11b/cd18) with intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1; cd54) expressed on the surface of parenchymal cells (e.g., cardiac myocytes). in the current study, we evaluate the hypothesis that lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (lfa-1; cd11a/cd18) can also trigger the respiratory burst in neutrophils. to isolate lfa-1/icam-1 interactions ... | 2000 | 10914492 |
| beta(2)-integrin blockade driven by e-selectin promoter prevents neutrophil sequestration and lung injury in mice. | interaction of cd11/cd18 beta(2) integrins on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) with their counterreceptor, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, on the surface of vascular endothelial cells is a critical event mediating stable pmn adhesion and migration across the pulmonary vascular endothelial barrier. neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a 41-kda glycoprotein isolated from the canine hookworm (ancylostoma caninum), binds to the i domain of cd11a and cd11b and inhibits beta(2) integrin-dependent ... | 2000 | 10926878 |
| a common muscarinic pathway for diapause recovery in the distantly related nematode species caenorhabditis elegans and ancylostoma caninum. | converging tgf-beta and insulin-like neuroendocrine signaling pathways regulate whether caenorhabditis elegans develops reproductively or arrests at the dauer larval stage. we examined whether neurotransmitters act in the dauer entry or recovery pathways. muscarinic agonists promote recovery from dauer arrest induced by pheromone as well as by mutations in the tgf-beta pathway. dauer recovery in these animals is inhibited by the muscarinic antagonist atropine. muscarinic agonists do not induce d ... | 2000 | 10618440 |
| trichuris suis: a secretory serine protease inhibitor. | a trypsin inhibitor was identified in extracts of adult trichuris suis and culture fluids from 24-h in vitro cultivation of adult parasites. the inhibitor was isolated by acid precipitation, affinity chromatography (trypsin-agarose), and reverse phase hplc as a single polypeptide with a molecular weight estimated at 6.6 kda by laser desorption mass spectrometry. the purified inhibitor associated strongly with trypsin (equilibrium dissociation inhibitory constant (k(j)) of 3.07 nm) and chymotryps ... | 2000 | 10631074 |
| variation between asp-1 molecules from ancylostoma caninum in china and the united states. | hookworm infection continues to be a serious problem in rural areas of china. rapid reinfection and high cost limit the effectiveness of deworming programs. vaccination offers an attractive alternative to mass chemotherapy. however, variation in vaccine antigens from field hookworm populations could conceivably limit efficacy of a vaccine developed from laboratory strains. reported here are initial experiments to ascertain levels of molecular variation in a promising vaccine antigen, asp-1, from ... | 2000 | 10701589 |
| a survey of genes expressed in adults of the human hookworm, necator americanus. | hookworms are gut-dwelling, blood-feeding nematodes that infect hundreds of millions of people, particularly in the tropics. as part of a program aiming to define novel drug targets and vaccine candidates for human parasitic nematodes, genes expressed in adults of the human hookworm necator americanus were surveyed by the expressed sequence tag approach. in total 161 new hookworm genes were identified. for the majority of these, a function could be assigned by homology. the dataset includes prot ... | 2000 | 10726278 |
| in vivo activities of the new anthelmintic depsipeptide pf 1022a. | pf 1022a is a member of a new class of cyclic depsipeptides with antiparasitic activity. following in vitro and laboratory animal studies it was tested for its anthelmintic efficacy in companion and livestock animals against a wide spectrum of intestinal nematodes and lungworms. studies were carried out in rats, dogs, horses, sheep, and cattle. animals were either naturally or experimentally infested. the efficacy of pf 1022a was investigated against the following parasite species: strongyloides ... | 2000 | 10726989 |
| novel inhibitors of factor x for use in cardiovascular diseases. | the complementary roles of platelets and thrombin in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes suggests that for treatment to be effective, both mediators must be targeted. although great strides have been made in the development of antiplatelet therapies, attempts to inhibit thrombin have been less successful. unfractionated heparin is limited by a number of pharmacologic shortcomings as well as an inability to meaningfully suppress thrombin generation. the low molecular weight heparins h ... | 2000 | 10980906 |
| novel, potent and selective chimeric fxa inhibitors featuring hydrophobic p1-ketoamide moieties. | judicious combination of p-region sequences of highly potent anticoagulant proteins including nap5, nap6, ecotin, and antistasin with sar from small molecule fxa inhibitors led to a series of chimeric inhibitors of formula 1a-j. we report herein the design, synthesis, and biological activity of this novel family of fxa inhibitors that express both high in vitro potency and superb selectivity against related serine proteases. | 2000 | 11055344 |
| purification of a diagnostic, secreted cysteine protease-like protein from the hookworm ancylostoma caninum. | the enteric infection of humans with the canine hookworm ancylostoma caninum varies in its clinical presentation, ranging from asymptomatic to eosinophilic gastroenteritis requiring surgical intervention. infections are not patent, but can be diagnosed immunologically by detecting antibodies to an immunodominant secreted hookworm protein termed ac68. to characterise ac68, we purified the native protein from a. caninum excretory/secretory products using size exclusion followed by anion exchange c ... | 2000 | 11077267 |
| hookworm burden reductions in balb/c mice vaccinated with recombinant ancylostoma secreted proteins (asps) from ancylostoma duodenale, ancylostoma caninum and necator americanus. | vaccination of mice with alum-precipitated recombinant ancylostoma secreted protein-1 from the canine hookworm ancylostoma caninum (ac-asp-1) results in protection against a. caninum larval challenge. vaccine protection is manifested by host reductions in hookworm burden compared to control mice. the goal of this study was to determine whether asp antigens cloned and expressed from different hookworm species will cross protect against a. caninum larval challenge. cross-species protection against ... | 2000 | 10590331 |
| role of zymogen and activated factor x as scaffolds for the inhibition of the blood coagulation factor viia-tissue factor complex by recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2. | recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is a potent, factor xa (fxa)-dependent small protein inhibitor of factor viia-tissue factor (fviia.tf), which binds to a site on fxa that is distinct from the catalytic center (exo-site). in the present study, the role of other fx derivatives in presenting rnapc2 to fviia.tf is investigated. catalytically active and active site blocked fxa, as well as a plasma-derived and an activation-resistant mutant of zymogen fx bound to rnapc2 with comp ... | 2001 | 11139576 |
| ancylostoma caninum: the finger cell neurons mediate thermotactic behavior by infective larvae of the dog hookworm. | bhopale, v. m., kupprion, e. k., ashton, f. t., boston, r., and schad, g. a. 2001. ancylostoma caninum: the finger cell neurons mediate thermotactic behavior by infective larvae of the dog hookworm. experimental parasitology 97, 70-76. in the amphids (anteriorly positioned, paired sensilla) of the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans, the so-called finger cells (afd), a pair of neurons, each of which ends in a cluster of microvilli-like projections, are known to be the primary thermorecep ... | 2001 | 11281703 |
| preliminary analysis of the proteolytic enzymes in the excretory-secretory products of the adult stages of the dog hookworm uncinaria stenocephala. | the paper describes an introductory characterisation of proteinases present in the excretory-secretory products (esp) of adult uncinaria stenocephala. in sds-page gelatine substrate gels esp resolved as a six bands of proteolytic activity, with a molecular weight of 182, 159, 98, 50, 39 and 26 kda. the 98 and 39 kda components were serine proteinases. the 50 kda band was sensitive to a metalloproteinase inhibitor. the 26 kda component was highly sensitive to cysteine proteinase inhibitors and wa ... | 2001 | 11304953 |
| vaccination with neutrophil inhibitory factor reduces the fecundity of the hookworm ancylostoma ceylanicum. | neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a protein isolated from hookworms of the genus ancylostoma, inhibits cd11b/18-dependent leucocyte function, binding to the i domain of cd11b. historically, nif was serendipitously isolated from whole worm extracts during a search for novel antihaemostatic agents, and little is known of its source or biological significance to the parasite. nif has also been identified as a possible hookworm vaccine candidate. ancylostoma ceylanicum recombinant nif, expressed i ... | 2001 | 11309134 |
| specific detection of neospora caninum oocysts in fecal samples from experimentally-infected dogs using the polymerase chain reaction. | neospora caninum oocysts, passed in the feces of a definitive host (dog), were isolated, and genomic dna was extracted. a polymerase cahin reaction (pcr) targeting the n. caninum-specific nc 5 genomic sequence was performed using the isolated dna. a synthesized competitor molecule containing part of the nc 5 sequence was included in the assay as a check against false-negative pcr results and to quantify n. caninum oocyst dna in fecal samples. a standard curve of the ratio of fluorescence intensi ... | 2001 | 11318571 |
| ancylostoma caninum anticoagulant peptide-5: immunolocalization and in vitro neutralization of a major hookworm anti-thrombotic. | hookworm infection is a major cause of gastrointestinal blood loss and iron deficiency anemia in the developing world. recently two major anticoagulant serine protease inhibitors have been identified and cloned from adult ancylostoma caninum hookworms. one of these, a. caninum anticoagulant peptide 5 (acap5), is a potent and specific inhibitor of human coagulation factor xa. a polyclonal igg has been purified from rabbits immunized with recombinant acap5 using affinity chromatography. using immu ... | 2001 | 11377744 |
| ability of recombinant factor viia to generate thrombin during inhibition of tissue factor in human subjects. | in view of the central role of the tissue factor-factor viia pathway in the initiation of blood coagulation, novel therapeutic strategies aimed at inhibiting this catalytic complex are currently being evaluated. a limitation of this new class of anticoagulants may be the lack of an appropriate strategy to reverse the effect if a bleeding event occurs. the aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo potential of recombinant factor viia (rviia) to induce thrombin generation in healthy subject ... | 2001 | 11382723 |
| antibodies to selected canine pathogens and infestation with intestinal helminths in golden jackals (canis aureus) in israel. | blood and fecal samples, collected from 46 healthy adult free-ranging golden jackals captured in two different locations in israel, were examined. a serological study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of circulating antibodies reacting with four common canine pathogens: canine distemper virus (cdv), canine parvovirus (cpv), ehrlichia canis and leishmania infantum. faecal flotation and haematological tests were also performed. the seroprevalence of cpv, e. canis, cdv, and l. infantum we ... | 2001 | 11409931 |
| dose-response study of recombinant factor viia/tissue factor inhibitor recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 in prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing total knee replacement. | with the best prophylactics now available, venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement remains substantial (25% to 27%). recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is a potent inhibitor of factor viia/tissue factor complex that has the potential to reduce this risk. the present study was performed to determine an efficacious and safe dose of rnapc2 for prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective, unilateral total knee replacement. | 2001 | 11435341 |
| the structure and evolution of penelope in the virilis species group of drosophila: an ancient lineage of retroelements. | the penelope element is the key element responsible for mobilization of other transposable elements in the course of hybrid dysgenesis in drosophila virilis. penelope has an unusually complex, highly variable organization in all studied species of the virlis group. thc bridge1 element from the fish fugu rubripes is homologous to penelope, and database searches detected additional homologous sequences among expressed sequence tags from the flatworm schistosoma mansonii and the nematode ancylostom ... | 2001 | 11443348 |
| giardia trophozoites in dog hookworm, ancylostoma caninum: accident or hyperparasitism? | during the course of transmission electron microscopic studies of adult ancylostoma caninum removed from a dog, several giardia trophozoites were found in sections of the buccal cavity, oesophagus and intestine of several hookworms. although the protozoa appeared viable, this unusual finding probably represents accidental uptake by, rather than an established infection of, the hookworm. it is feasible, however, that the trophozoites might have survived and even multiplied in this aberrant site. | 2001 | 11495647 |
| helminths in the wolf, canis lupus, from north-western spain. | fifteen helminth species were collected from 47 wolves (canis lupus ) which were surveyed from 1993 to 1999 in northwestern spain. these included the trematode alaria alata (2.1%); the cestodes taenia hydatigena (44.7%), t. multiceps (29.8%), t. serialis (2.1%), dipylidium caninum (6.4%) and mesocestoides sp. aff. litteratus (4.2%); and the nematodes pearsonema plica (7.4%), trichuris vulpis (10.6%), trichinella britovi (12.8%), ancylostoma caninum (8.5%), uncinaria stenocephala (51.1%), toxocar ... | 2001 | 11520444 |
| in vitro reactivation of ancylostoma caninum tissue-arrested third-stage larvae by transforming growth factor-beta. | developmental arrest in ancylostoma caninum is associated with preparasitic, free-living third-stage (l3) larvae, as well as anthelmintic-resilient hypobiotic l3 larvae within the tissues of an infected dog. with the tissue-arrested larvae, pregnancy and, more specifically, the hormonal effects of estrogen and prolactin mediate reactivation resulting in transmammary transmission of infection to nursing puppies. estrogen and prolactin have been shown to be critically involved in upregulation of t ... | 2001 | 11534634 |
| immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia: possible association with ancylostoma caninum infection in three dogs. | immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia (imha) may be primary or secondary. in primary imha, no underlying cause can be found, whereas secondary imha is triggered by an underlying cause, such as neoplasia, infectious diseases, or drugs. this paper describes 3 dogs with typical signs of imha that was possibly associated with the intestinal parasite ancylostoma caninum. as intestinal helminths can be difficult to diagnose on faecal examination, it would be pertinent to perform multiple faecal examinati ... | 2001 | 11563722 |
| helminths in dogs belonging to people in a resource-limited urban community in gauteng, south africa. | one hundred and sixty-four faecal samples, 148 adhesive tape swabs and 132 blood samples were collected from dogs in boksburg, gauteng, to assess the prevalence of helminth parasites in the area. sixty-nine of these dogs were also necropsied and helminths recovered from the gastro-intestinal tracts. ancylostoma caninum was the most common helminth and was present in 88% of the dogs, followed by dipylidium caninum in 39% of dogs, toxocara canis in 36%, ancylostoma braziliense in 20%, spirocerca l ... | 2001 | 11585088 |
| nematode infections of the eye: toxocariasis and diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis. | in many parts of the world, parasitic infections of the eye are a major cause of blindness. the parasites toxocara canis, onchocerca volvulus, taenia solium, ancylostoma caninum, and cysticercus celulosae all have been responsible for blinding ocular infections. the nematodes t. canis and toxocara cati are parasitic roundworms that infect dogs (toxocarosis), other canidae, and cats. ocular toxocariasis is an uncommon worldwide infection caused by the nematode larvae of t. canis, commonly found i ... | 2001 | 11734685 |
| expression and immune recognition of brugia malayi val-1, a homologue of vespid venom allergens and ancylostoma secreted proteins. | several important nematode parasites have been found to express members of a gene family variously termed as venom allergen antigen homologue (vah) or ancylostoma secreted protein (asp). in some cases these products are secreted by infective larval stages and have been suggested to be effective vaccine immunogens. we isolated the corresponding gene from the human filarial nematode, brugia malayi, by first searching the expressed sequence tag (est) dataset generated by the filarial genome project ... | 2001 | 11704277 |
| the role of tissue factor/factor viia in the pathophysiology of acute thrombotic formation. | tissue factor (tf) is the essential cofactor for the coagulation protease factor viia (fviia), initiating the coagulation cascade. the role of tf in thrombotic diseases is becoming increasingly evident. recent findings suggest that inhibition of tf/fviia activity could be important in the prevention of clinical sequelae associated with plaque rupture or vessel damage that exposes tf to blood. furthermore, selective inhibitors of tf/fviia may be associated with less bleeding risk than other antit ... | 2001 | 11714090 |
| electron and light microscopy of neutrophil responses in mice vaccinated and challenged with third-stage infective hookworm (ancylostoma caninum) larvae. | the role of neutrophils in mediating host inflammation was examined in mice vaccinated with living third-stage infective hookworm larvae (l3). mice were vaccinated by oral immunization with 500 l3 (ancylostoma caninum) once every 2 weeks for a total of three immunizations. the vaccinated mice were then challenged intraperitoneally with 2000 l3) 1 week after the final immunization. to stimulate peritoneal production of neutrophils, 2 ml of 2% glycogen were injected intraperitoneally at 16 h prior ... | 2001 | 11719110 |
| [studies on immunological reaction of the antiserum of recombinant secreted protein from ancylostoma caninum]. | to analyze the immunological reaction of the antiserum of recombinant secreted protein from ancylostoma caninum with antigens of various species hookworms at different developmental stages. | 2001 | 12571945 |
| [soil contamination with toxocara spp. eggs in the elblag area]. | the distribution of toxocara spp. eggs in elbl4g was studied. out of 72 soil samples collected in public places of the city 13.9% were positive and the mean egg density was 3.75/100g soil. the city backyards were much more contaminated with toxocara spp. eggs (18.0%) than the playgrounds (4.5%). in sandpits examined the eggs were not found. almost 80% of toxocara spp. eggs recovered were infective. t. cati eggs were more frequent than t. canis eggs. additionally in examined samples two eggs of a ... | 2001 | 16888965 |
| effect of lead and ancylostomiasis on phosphatases of heart in swiss albino mice. | administration of 0.01 and 0.1 mg of lead nitrate for 4 and 7 days and infection of ancylostoma caninum larvae orally altered the activation of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase in the hearts of mice when compared to infected animals and controls. alkaline phosphatase activity increased significantly in all drug-treated + infected mice. the level of acid phosphatase decreased significantly in mice exposed to chronic doses of lead. the altered levels of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosp ... | 2002 | 12568465 |
| vertical migration by the infective larvae of three species of parasitic nematodes: is the behaviour really a response to gravity? | vertical migration by infective larvae (l3) of 3 species of nematodes was investigated. upright truncated agarose cones were used to test upward migration, and comparable truncated cone-shaped agarose hollows were used to test downward migration. flat agarose plates were control surfaces. when placed at the bases of upright cones, 74% of ancylostoma caninum l3 migrated up, whereas only 16.5% migrated down the indented cones; this latter value was not significantly different from larval migration ... | 2002 | 12553574 |
| molecular characterization of ancylostoma inhibitors of coagulation factor xa. hookworm anticoagulant activity in vitro predicts parasite bloodfeeding in vivo. | bloodfeeding hookworms, which currently infect over a billion people in the developing world, are a leading cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and iron deficiency anemia. the major anticoagulant inhibitor of coagulation factor xa has been identified from the hookworm parasite ancylostoma ceylanicum using reverse transcription pcr and 3'-rapid amplification of cdna ends. this is the first anticoagulant cloned from a hookworm species for which humans are recognized permissive hosts. despite appr ... | 2002 | 11741914 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of ac-mep-1, a developmentally regulated gut luminal metalloendopeptidase from adult ancylostoma caninum hookworms. | a zinc metalloendopeptidase cdna (ac-mep-1) was cloned from ancylostoma caninum adult hookworms. ac-mep-1 is encoded by a 2.8 kb mrna with a predicted open reading frame (orf) of 870 amino acids (predicted pi=5.5, m.w.=98.7 kda) that contains four potential n-linked glycosylation sites and predicted zinc-binding domains (hexxh and enxadxgg). these domains represent signature sequences of the neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (neprilysin) family of enzymes. the orf corresponding to ac-mep-1 exhibited s ... | 2002 | 11755191 |
| single-strand conformation polymorphism-based analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 reveals significant substructuring in hookworm populations. | sequence heterogeneity in a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (pcox1) was measured for the hookworms, ancylostoma caninum from australia, a. duodenale from china, and necator americanus from china and togo using single-strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) analysis combined with dna sequencing. the pcox1 sequences were characterised for individual nematodes displaying genetic variation within each of the three species, and those were compared with pcox1 sequences ... | 2002 | 11824618 |
| effect of short-term coyote removal on populations of coyote helminths. | coyote (canis latrans) removal programs often are initiated despite the potential population regulatory mechanism of parasitism with increased coyote density. we investigated the effect of intensive, short-term coyote removal on population levels of helminths in juvenile and adult coyotes from western texas. coyotes were killed by aerial gunning every 3 mo for 2 yr on two 5,000 ha areas, which reduced the overall coyote density of these areas by about 50%. two other 5,000 ha areas were used as c ... | 2002 | 11838229 |
| inhibition of factor viia/tissue factor with nematode anticoagulant protein c2: from unique mechanism to a promising new clinical anticoagulant. | recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is a potent (k(i) = 10 pm) inhibitor of the factor viia/tissue factor complex (fviia/tf) that involves the pre-requisite binding to either zymogen or activated factor x (fx) prior to the formation of the final quaternary complex with fviia/tf. the formation of the binary complex with circulating fx governs the pharmacokinetic profile of rnapc2 in humans, resulting in a prolonged elimination half-life of >50 h. the clinical antithrombotic pot ... | 2002 | 12536118 |
| response to carbon dioxide by the infective larvae of three species of parasitic nematodes. | the response of infective third-stage larvae (l3) of three species of parasitic nematodes, ancylostoma caninum, strongyloides stercoralis, and haemonchus contortus to carbon dioxide (co(2)) at physiological concentrations was investigated. l3 of the skin-penetrating species, a. caninum and s. stercoralis, were stimulated by co(2) at the concentration found in human breath (3.3-4%); these larvae responded by crawling actively, but not directionally. crawling was not stimulated by breath passed th ... | 2002 | 11880227 |
| time-dependent reversal of sepsis-induced pmn uptake and lung vascular injury by expression of cd18 antagonist. | we determined the time-dependent effects of conditional expression of neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a specific 41-kda cd18 integrin antagonist, on the time course of nif expression and lung pmn (polymorphonuclear leukocyte) infiltration and vascular injury in a model of escherichia coli-induced sepsis in mice. studies were made in mice transduced with the e-selectin (es) promoter-nif construct (using liposomes) in which the nif cdna was driven by the inflammation- and endothelial cell-spec ... | 2002 | 11880306 |
| delineation of the key amino acids involved in neutrophil inhibitory factor binding to the i-domain supports a mosaic model for the capacity of integrin alphambeta 2 to recognize multiple ligands. | to gain insight into the mechanism by which the alpha(m)i-domain of integrin alpha(m)beta(2) interacts with multiple and unrelated ligands, the identity of the neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) recognition site was sought. a systematic strategy in which individual amino acid residues within three previously implicated segments were changed to those in the alpha(l)i-domain, which is structurally very similar but does not bind nif, was implemented. the capacity of the resulting mutants, expressed ... | 2002 | 11880366 |
| one confirmed and six suspected cases of cutaneous larva migrans caused by overseas infection with dog hookworm larvae. | cutaneous larva migrans (clm) is characterized as creeping eruption/serpiginous erythema and/or mobile erythematous induration on the skin. in japan, gnathostoma spp. are the most well known pathogens causing clm, especially the creeping eruption type. recently, spirurina type x larvae have been added to the list of causative agents for creeping eruption in japan. here we report one confirmed and 6 suspected cases of creeping eruption caused by infection with dog hookworm larvae. the patients we ... | 2002 | 11890293 |
| a developmentally regulated metalloprotease secreted by host-stimulated ancylostoma caninum third-stage infective larvae is a member of the astacin family of proteases. | 2002 | 11897134 | |
| nematode anticoagulant protein c2 reveals a site on factor xa that is important for macromolecular substrate binding to human prothrombinase. | the binding of recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (napc2) to either factor x or xa is a requisite step in the pathway for the potent inhibition of viia tissue factor. we have used napc2 as a tight binding probe of human xa to investigate protein substrate recognition by the human prothrombinase complex. napc2 binds with high affinity (k(d) approximately 1 nm) to both x and xa in a way that does not require or occlude the active site of the enzyme. in contrast, napc2 is a tight binding ... | 2002 | 12011050 |
| cutaneous larva migrans with parts of the larva in the epidermis. | creeping eruption is usually caused by hookworms, most commonly ancylostoma braziliensis and ancylostoma caninum. because lesions of cutaneous larva migrans have a typical clinical appearance, they are rarely biopsied. specimens usually show spongiotic dermatitis with spongiotic vesicles containing neutrophils and eosinophils and a mixed-cell dermal infiltrate with numerous eosinophils. we report a case with parts of the larva migrans in the epidermis on histologic examination. | 2002 | 12041816 |
| a cathepsin l protease essential for caenorhabditis elegans embryogenesis is functionally conserved in parasitic nematodes. | proteolytic enzymes are involved in processes important to development and survival of many organisms. parasite proteases are considered potential targets of parasite control yet, for most, their precise physiological functions are unknown. validation of potential targets requires analysis of function. we have recently identified a cathepsin l (cpl) cysteine protease, ce-cpl-1, which is essential for embryonic development of the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans. we now show that cpl g ... | 2002 | 12076767 |
| evolution of glycoprotein hormone subunit genes in bilateral metazoa: identification of two novel human glycoprotein hormone subunit family genes, gpa2 and gpb5. | the canonical members of the human glycoprotein hormone subunit family of cystine knot-forming polypeptides include the common alpha-subunit, and four beta-subunit genes, fshbeta, lhbeta, tshbeta, and hcgbeta. using pairwise sequence analysis of the complete human genome, we have identified two novel glycoprotein hormone subunit-related genes. based on unique sequence similarity to the alpha- and beta-subunits of glycoprotein hormones, they were named glycoprotein-alpha2 (gpa2) and glycoprotein- ... | 2002 | 12089349 |
| molecular cloning and purification of ac-tmp, a developmentally regulated putative tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease released in relative abundance by adult ancylostoma hookworms. | a cdna encoding a putative tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease was cloned from an ancylostoma caninum adult hookworm cdna library by immunoscreening with anti-hookworm secretory products antiserum. ac-tmp (a. caninum tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase) is encoded by a 480-bp mrna with a predicted open reading frame of 140 amino acids (molecular weight, 16,100 da) that contains one potential n-linked glycosylation site and an n-terminal cys-x-cys consensus sequence. the open reading frame corr ... | 2002 | 12139214 |
| helminths in dogs from a peri-urban resource-limited community in free state province, south africa. | this study focused on the helminth parasites of dogs in the bloemfontein area of the free state province of south africa. samples were collected from 63 stray dogs destined for euthanasia. complete sets of samples, consisting of blood, faeces, adhesive tape swabs and organs (heart, lungs and complete gastro-intestinal tract) from each dog were examined for helminth parasites. dipylidium caninum was the most common helminth, and was recovered from 44% of dogs, followed by taenia spp. (33%), toxas ... | 2002 | 12163245 |
| effect of vaccinations with recombinant fusion proteins on ancylostoma caninum habitat selection in the canine intestine. | laboratory dogs were vaccinated subcutaneously with 3 different recombinant fusion proteins, each precipitated with alum or calcium phosphate. the vaccinated dogs were then challenged orally with 400 third-stage infective larvae (l3) of the canine hookworm, ancylostoma caninum. the 3 a. caninum antigens selected were ac-tmp, an adult-specific secreted tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases; ac-ap, an adult-specific secreted factor xa serine protease inhibitor anticoagulant; and ac-arr-1, a catheps ... | 2002 | 12197114 |
| influence of parasitic life style on the patterns of codon usage and base frequencies of ancylostoma and necator species. | parametric analyses were used to investigate the nucleotide, codon, and amino acid composition of coding sequences corresponding to hook-worms. ancylostoma caninum and necator americanus. although genomic research has become prevalent within the scientific community, few studies have dealt directly with parasitic species. parasites have existed throughout the history of mankind due to their wide range of distribution in nature and their ability to evade immune detection. an at nucleotide bias wa ... | 2002 | 12214942 |
| improved detection of endoparasite dna in soil sample pcr by the use of anti-inhibitory substances. | although there have been numerous microbial examinations of soil for the presence of human pathogenic developmental parasite stages of ancylostoma caninum and toxocara canis, molecular techniques (e.g. dna extraction, purification and subsequent pcr) have scarcely been applied. here, dna preparations of soil samples artificially contaminated with genomic dna or parasite eggs were examined by pcr. a. caninum and t. canis-specific primers based on the its-2 sequence were used for amplification. af ... | 2002 | 12237140 |
| recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2, a novel inhibitor of tissue factor-factor viia activity, abrogates endotoxin-induced coagulation in chimpanzees. | systemic activation of coagulation leading to disseminated intra-vascular coagulation (dic) is an important feature in patients with severe sepsis. tissue factor has been shown to play a primary role in this pathological response, as revealed by the use of specific inhibitors and antagonists of the tissue factor/factor viia pathway. this class of agents has been demonstrated to attenuate the coagulation response in human volunteers with induced low-grade endotoxemia and to reduce mortality in pr ... | 2002 | 12362234 |
| a novel cathepsin b active site motif is shared by helminth bloodfeeders. | this study compared specific protein sequence motifs present within cathepsin b-like cysteine proteases from a number of helminth parasites. we have focused our efforts on cathepsin b-like proteases of haemonchus contortus, caenorhabditis elegans, schistosoma mansoni, schistosoma japonicum, ostertagia ostertagi, and ancylostoma caninum. the goal of this work is to correlate specific features, or proposed roles, of the cathepsin b-like proteases with primary sequence motifs discovered within the ... | 2002 | 12427461 |
| characterization of a recombinant immunodiagnostic antigen (nie) from strongyloides stercoralis l3-stage larvae. | due to the process of internal autoinfection, even chronic asymptomatic infections with strongyloides stercoralis have the potential to become severe disseminated disease with fatal outcome. intermittent and scanty larval excretion makes parasitologic diagnosis difficult. serodiagnosis is helpful, but antigen preparation from infective larvae requires access to patients or immunosuppressed experimental animals. for these reasons, attention has turned to recombinant antigens for immunodiagnosis. ... | 2002 | 12467975 |
| a novel repressor of nif and glna expression in the methanogenic archaeon methanococcus maripaludis. | nitrogen assimilation in the methanogenic archaeon methanococcus maripaludis is regulated by transcriptional repression involving a palindromic 'nitrogen operator' repressor binding sequence. here we report the isolation of the nitrogen repressor, nrpr, from m. maripaludis using dna affinity purification. deletion of the nrpr gene resulted in loss of nitrogen operator binding activity in cell extracts and loss of repression of nif (nitrogen-fixation) and glna (glutamine synthetase) gene expressi ... | 2003 | 12492867 |
| experimental human infection with the dog hookworm, ancylostoma caninum. | to investigate possible routes for human infection by the dog hookworm (ancylostoma caninum). design, setting and participant: relatively small numbers of infective larvae were administered orally and percutaneously to an informed healthy volunteer (j k l) under medical supervision, at intervals between may 1998 and may 1999. | 2003 | 12526725 |
| prevalence of enteric pathogens in dogs of north-central colorado. | to evaluate the prevalence of enteric pathogens in dogs of north-central colorado, fecal samples were obtained from client-owned dogs presented to the veterinary teaching hospital at colorado state university for evaluation of acute small-bowel, large-bowel, or mixed-bowel diarrhea (n=71) and from age-matched, client-owned, healthy dogs (n=59). infectious agents potentially associated with gastrointestinal disease were detected in 34 of 130 (26.1%) fecal samples. agents with zoonotic potential w ... | 2003 | 12549614 |
| ac-far-1, a 20 kda fatty acid- and retinol-binding protein secreted by adult ancylostoma caninum hookworms: gene transcription pattern, ligand binding properties and structural characterisation. | antibody against adult ancylostoma caninum excretory-secretory (es) products was used to immunoscreen a cdna expression library leading to the isolation of cdnas encoding putative hookworm fatty-acid and retinol-binding proteins. ac-far-1 and ac-far-2 cdnas encode open reading frames corresponding to approximately 20kda proteins with 91 percent amino acid identity. ac-far-1 and ac-far-2 exhibit clear similarities to other fars of parasitic nematodes, most closely to two of the far proteins of ca ... | 2003 | 12554085 |
| molecular characterisation of the ancylostoma-secreted protein family from the adult stage of ancylostoma caninum. | the ancylostoma-secreted proteins are a family of nematode-specific cysteine-rich secreted proteins belonging to the pathogenesis-related protein superfamily. previously we reported that third stage infective larvae of ancylostoma caninum produce two different ancylostoma-secreted proteins, a single and double-domain ancylostoma-secreted protein, designated as ancylostoma-secreted protein-1 and ancylostoma-secreted protein-2, respectively. here we report that adult a. caninum hookworms produce a ... | 2003 | 12906874 |
| characterisation of humoral immune responses in dogs vaccinated with irradiated ancylostoma caninum. | infection with ancylostoma caninum, an intestinal hookworm of dogs, can cause debilitating and potentially life-threatening disease. in the current study, protective immunity to hookworm infection was induced in dogs following vaccination with irradiation-attenuated third-stage larvae (l3) with significant reductions in both worm (p<0.03) and faecal egg counts (p<0.0004) following a challenge infection. vaccination with irradiated l3 and challenge with infective l3 stimulated a dominant antibody ... | 2003 | 12628766 |
| hookworm cathepsin d aspartic proteases: contributing roles in the host-specific degradation of serum proteins and skin macromolecules. | cathepsin d aspartic proteases of hookworms were recently implicated in the host-specific digestion of haemoglobin by adult parasites. ac-apr-1 from the dog hookworm, ancylostoma caninum and na-apr-1 from the human hookworm, necator americanus, were shown to be expressed in the infective larval stage (l3) as well as adult worms. we now show that both proteases degraded skin macromolecules and serum proteins, some of which were cleaved more readily from permissive definitive hosts as opposed to n ... | 2003 | 12636356 |
| activation of coagulation by administration of recombinant factor viia elicits interleukin 6 (il-6) and il-8 release in healthy human subjects. | the activation of coagulation has been shown to contribute to proinflammatory responses in animal and in vitro experiments. here we report that the activation of coagulation in healthy human subjects by the administration of recombinant factor viia also elicits a small but significant increase in the concentrations of interleukin 6 (il-6) and il-8 in plasma. this increase was absent when the subjects were pretreated with recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2, the inhibitor of tissue fact ... | 2003 | 12738659 |
| molecular cloning of a novel multidomain kunitz-type proteinase inhibitor from the hookworm ancylostoma caninum. | degenerate oligonucleotide primers derived from conserved serine protease inhibitors were used to amplify a 90-base pair (bp) amplicon from an ancylostoma caninum adult-stage complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cdna) library by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the amplicon was labeled and used as a probe to screen the library, and a 2,300-bp cdna clone was identified. the 5' end of the molecule was obtained from adult cdna by 5'-race. the complete sequence named a. caninum kunitz-type protease ... | 2003 | 12760667 |
| tissue factor/factor viia inhibitors block angiogenesis and tumor growth through a nonhemostatic mechanism. | an association between cancer and thrombosis has been recognized for more than a century. however, the manner by which tumor growth is regulated by coagulation in vivo remains unclear. to assess the role of coagulation on tumor growth, in vivo, we tested coagulation inhibitors specific for either tissue factor (tf)/factor viia (fviia) complexes or factor xa (fxa) for antitumor activity. here, we show that two inhibitors of tf/fviia, tf pathway inhibitor (tfpi) and the nematode anticoagulant prot ... | 2003 | 12782609 |
| uk-279,276, a neutrophil inhibitory glycoprotein, in acute stroke: tolerability and pharmacokinetics. | uk-279,276, a recombinant glycoprotein, binds selectively to the cd11b/cd18 integrin on neutrophils and has the potential to modulate the neuroinflammation associated with acute stroke. after preclinical evidence of neuroprotection, uk-279,276 has entered clinical development. the purposes of this study were to evaluate the safety and tolerability of uk-279,276 and to examine its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (binding to neutrophil cd11b) in patients with acute stroke. | 2003 | 12805489 |
| effects of a selective cd11b/cd18 antagonist and recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator treatment alone and in combination in a rat embolic model of stroke. | we evaluated the neuroprotective effect of uk-279,276 (also referred to as recombinant neutrophil inhibitory factor), a selective cd11b/cd18 antagonist, in combination with thrombolytic therapy on focal cerebral ischemia. | 2003 | 12805500 |
| e. coli pneumonia induces cd18-independent airway neutrophil migration in the absence of increased lung vascular permeability. | we examined the relationship between neutrophil [polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmn)] influx and lung vascular injury in response to escherichia coli pneumonia. we assessed lung tissue pmn uptake by measuring myeloperoxidase and transvascular pmn migration by determining pmn counts in lung interstitium and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) in mice challenged intratracheally with e. coli. lung vascular injury was quantified by determining microvessel filtration coefficient (kf,c), a measure of va ... | 2003 | 12818890 |
| recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2, an inhibitor of the tissue factor/factor viia complex, in patients undergoing elective coronary angioplasty. | we investigated the safety and pharmacodynamics of escalating doses of recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) in patients undergoing elective coronary angioplasty. | 2003 | 12821239 |
| isolation and molecular cloning of a secreted hookworm platelet inhibitor from adult ancylostoma caninum. | hookworms, bloodfeeding intestinal nematodes, are a leading cause of iron deficiency anemia in the developing world. these parasites have evolved potent mechanisms of interfering with mammalian hemostasis, presumably for the purpose of facilitating bloodfeeding. adult ancylostoma caninum worm extracts contain an activity that inhibits platelet aggregation and adhesion by blocking the function of two cell surface integrin receptors, glycoprotein iib/iiia and gpia/iia. using rphplc, the hookworm p ... | 2003 | 12850261 |
| eosinophil relationship in gut anaphylaxis during experimental ancylostomosis. | changes induced in the circulating and intestinal eosinophil levels and worm load were studied in female swiss albino mice infected with multiple doses of ancylostoma caninum larvae. there was a significant rise of both circulating and intestinal eosinophils in all the infected animals when compared with controls. in all the experimental groups of animals, peak eosinophilia was observed during the third week of post-infection and sustained upto 30th day with slight alterations. these studies ind ... | 2003 | 12860065 |
| the second messenger cyclic gmp mediates activation in ancylostoma caninum infective larvae. | the developmentally arrested infective larva (l(3)) of hookworms encounters a host-specific signal during infection that initiates previously suspended developmental pathways. activated l(3) express a parasitic gene set that encodes proteins involved in moulting, growth and development to the adult stage. early events in this activation to parasitism can be investigated using an in vitro larval feeding assay. when ancylostoma caninum l(3) are exposed to a host-like stimulus, they resume feeding ... | 2003 | 12865078 |
| [cloning and expression of specific antigen genes of ancylostoma caninum]. | to search for the gene encoding specific antigen of ancylostoma caninum that induces host's protective immunity. | 2003 | 12884580 |
| cutaneous larva migrans: the creeping eruption. | cutaneous larva migrans (clm) is the most common tropically acquired dermatosis. it is caused by hookworm larvae, which are in the feces of infected dogs and cats. the condition occurs mainly in the caribbean and new world, and anyone walking barefoot or sitting on a contaminated beach is at risk. ancylostoma braziliense and ancylostoma caninum are the most common hookworms responsible for clm. the lesions, called creeping eruptions, are characteristically erythematous, raised and vesicular, lin ... | 2003 | 12953933 |
| recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 and other inhibitors targeting blood coagulation factor viia/tissue factor. | originally isolated from a haematophagous hookworm, recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is an 85-amino acid protein with potent anticoagulant properties. unlike conventional anticoagulants that attenuate blood coagulation via inhibition of thrombin or activated factor x (fxa) at the downstream portion of the cascade, rnapc2 is a potent inhibitor of the activated factor vii/tissue factor complex (fviia/tf), the key physiological initiator of blood coagulation. its mechanism of ... | 2003 | 12974870 |
| a serologically diagnosed human case of cutaneous larva migrans caused by ancylostoma caninum. | a 15-year-old boy, who had recently arrived back from a trip to cambodia for a missionary camp, presented with several serpiginous thread-like skin lesions that began as small papules on the left upper extremities 2 weeks before his visit to hospital. the skin lesions were pruritic and erythematous, and had migrated to the chest and abdomen. the histopathological findings showed only lymphocytic and eosinophilic infiltrations in the dermis of the biopsied skin lesion. the patient's serum reacted ... | 2003 | 14699264 |
| evaluation of the role of the asialoglycoprotein receptor in the clearance of uk-279,276 (recombinant neutrophil inhibitory factor). | 1. uk-279,276 or recombinant neutrophil inhibitory factor (rnif) is a glycoprotein that has been investigated as an intravenous treatment for stroke. previous data indicate that the asialoglycoprotein receptor (asgpr) in the liver might have a role in the uptake and clearance of uk-279,276 from plasma in rats and dogs. 2. biliary elimination of sialo uk-279,276 can be inhibited by the co-administration of asialo fetuin, a known substrate for asgpr. these data are in keeping with sialo uk-279,276 ... | 2003 | 14514443 |
| effect of vaccination with a recombinant fusion protein encoding an astacinlike metalloprotease (mtp-1) secreted by host-stimulated ancylostoma caninum third-stage infective larvae. | laboratory dogs were vaccinated intramuscularly with a recombinant fusion protein (expressed and isolated from escherichia coli) formulated with the glaxo smithkline adjuvant system 02 (as02). the fusion protein encoded ac-mtp-1, a developmentally regulated astacinlike metalloprotease secreted by host-stimulated ancylostoma caninum third-stage larvae (l3). control dogs were injected intramuscularly with an equivalent amount of as02 adjuvant alone. the vaccinated and control dogs were then challe ... | 2003 | 14533704 |
| ecological analyses of the intestinal helminth communities of the wolf, canis lupus, in spain. | this work describes the ecological characteristics of the intestinal helminth communities of 50 wolves (canis lupus l.) from spain. the species found were classified into three groups according to prevalence, intensity and intestinal distribution. taenia hydatigena pallas, 1766 and uncinaria stenocephala (railliet, 1884) are the core species of the community. taenia multiceps (leske, 1780) is a secondary species. the rest of the species, alaria alata (goeze, 1782), taenia serialis (gervais, 1847 ... | 2003 | 14535350 |
| haemonchus contortus: molecular characterisation of a small heat shock protein. | a cdna encoding a predicted small heat shock protein, hsp20, was isolated from the parasitic nematode haemonchus contortus. this cdna encoded a predicted protein of 156 amino acids, which had high sequence identity with other nematode small heat shock proteins. southern blot analysis of genomic dna suggested that in h. contortus hsp20 is encoded by a single copy gene. the hsp20 transcript and protein were expressed in the infective larvae (l3), early l4 and adult stages, but expression was not i ... | 2003 | 14552856 |
| [biology and physiopathology of tissue factor and its relevance for cardiovascular diseases]. | tissue factor (tf) is a transmembrane glycoprotein, currently considered as being the major regulator of the coagulation cascade and the initiator of thrombogenesis in vivo. when tf comes in contact with blood, it forms a high-affinity complex with factors vii/viia, activating factors ix and x and thus leading to the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot. the regulation of tf-viia activity plays a key role in blood-vessel wall interactions. selective patterns of cellular expression of tf are obs ... | 2003 | 14558284 |
| pharmacokinetics and anticoagulant properties of the factor viia-tissue factor inhibitor recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 following subcutaneous administration in man. dependence on the stoichiometric binding to circulating factor x. | recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is a potent (k(i) =10 pm), inhibitor of the factor viia/tissue factor (fviia/tf) complex that requires the prerequisite binding to zymogen or activated factor x (fx). in two double blind, place-bo-controlled, sequential dose-escalation phase i studies, rnapc2 was found to be safe and well tolerated following single and repeat subcutaneous administrations in healthy human male volunteers at doses ranging from 0.3 to 5 micro g/kg. there was a ... | 2003 | 14597974 |
| virology. new vaccine and treatment excite ebola researchers. | 2003 | 14615510 | |
| treatment of ebola virus infection with a recombinant inhibitor of factor viia/tissue factor: a study in rhesus monkeys. | infection with the ebola virus induces overexpression of the procoagulant tissue factor in primate monocytes and macrophages, suggesting that inhibition of the tissue-factor pathway could ameliorate the effects of ebola haemorrhagic fever. here, we tested the notion that blockade of fviia/tissue factor is beneficial after infection with ebola virus. | 2003 | 14683653 |
| persistent efficacy of moxidectin canine sustained-release injectable against experimental infections of ancylostoma caninum and uncinaria stenocephala in dogs. | the efficacy of moxidectin canine sustained-release injectable administered at fixed intervals before administration of an oral hookworm challenge was evaluated in 40 laboratory dogs. groups of eight dogs were treated with the moxidectin sustained-release formulation by sc injection approximately 3, 4, 5, or 6 months before being given oral inoculations with 300 ancylostoma caninum larvae on day 0 and 400 uncinaria stenocephala larvae one day later. dogs were euthanized 21 days after parasite in ... | 2003 | 15136983 |
| inhibition of the tissue factor/factor viia pathway does not influence the inflammatory or antibacterial response to abdominal sepsis induced by escherichia coli in mice. | anticoagulants have gained increasing attention for the treatment of sepsis. inhibition of the tissue factor (tf)/factor (f) viia pathway has been shown to attenuate the activation of coagulation and to prevent death in a primate model of sepsis caused by gram-negative bacteria. | 2004 | 15181580 |
| a multi-enzyme cascade of hemoglobin proteolysis in the intestine of blood-feeding hookworms. | blood-feeding pathogens digest hemoglobin (hb) as a source of nutrition, but little is known about this process in multicellular parasites. the intestinal brush border membrane of the canine hookworm, ancylostoma caninum, contains aspartic proteases (apr-1), cysteine proteases (cp-2), and metalloproteases (mep-1), the first of which is known to digest hb. we now show that hb is degraded by a multi-enzyme, synergistic cascade of proteolysis. recombinant apr-1 and cp-2, but not mep-1, digested nat ... | 2004 | 15199048 |
| phosphoinositide-3-oh-kinase inhibitor ly294002 prevents activation of ancylostoma caninum and ancylostoma ceylanicum third-stage infective larvae. | the developmentally arrested hookworm infective larva resumes development only after encountering specific host-mediated cues during invasion. these cues activate a signaling pathway that culminates in the resumption of development. in ancylostoma caninum, activation is characterised by the resumption of feeding and the release of excretory/secretory products required for infection. the dauer stage of the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans is a developmentally arrested stage analogous t ... | 2004 | 15217729 |
| intestinal obstruction by eosinophilic jejunitis. | eosinophilic enteritis is an uncommon disease that rarely develops as a surgical emergency. although it may be associated with infestation by ancylostoma caninum, its etiology is unknown and often related to a personal or family history of atopy. a transmural involvement may cause intestinal obstruction--more frequently in the jejunum--or even acute abdomen, which may or may not be accompanied by intestinal perforation. the latter two conditions tend to be more commonly associated with ileum dis ... | 2004 | 15259143 |
| ancylostoma ceylanicum anticoagulant peptide-1: role of the predicted reactive site amino acid in mediating inhibition of coagulation factors xa and viia. | hookworm infection is a leading cause of gastrointestinal blood loss and iron deficiency anemia in developing countries. ancylostoma hookworms secrete potent anticoagulants, which have been shown to target coagulation factors xa and the factor viia/tissue factor complex, respectively. the goal of these experiments was to determine the mechanism of action of three recombinant hookworm anticoagulants using in vitro assays. three hookworm coagulation inhibitors were expressed and purified, along wi ... | 2004 | 15279961 |