Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted ascending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
in vitro activity of sparfloxacin against selected enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonaceae including ps. pseudomallei (melioidosis). 19958904106
burkholderia pseudomallei requires zn(sup2+) for optimal exoprotease production in chemically defined media.the effects of various medium components on exoprotease production by burkholderia pseudomallei were studied in order to understand the production of virulence factors by this pathogenic organism. feso(inf4), nacl, and mgso(inf4) do not significantly affect exoprotease activity, and cacl(inf2) has only a slight influence. conversely, zncl(inf2) plays a fundamental role since it drastically increases exoprotease production.199516535112
detection of burkholderia pseudomallei dna in patients with septicemic melioidosis.septicemic melioidosis is the most severe form of melioidosis, which is caused by burkholderia pseudomallei. it is endemic in southeast asia and is the leading cause of death from community-acquired septicemia in northeast thailand. a major factor that contributes to the high mortality is the delay in isolation and identification of the causative organism. more than half of the patients die within the first 2 days after hospital admission, before bacterial cultures become positive. the present s ...19968904424
ultrastructural localization of acid phosphatase in some bacteria, after treatment with lubrol w1.the ultracytochemical localization of acid phosphatase from some bacteria (listeria monocytogenes, salmonella typhimurium, pseudomonas pseudomallei and pseudomonas aeruginosa) was dependent on the changes in the lipoprotein content of the membranes as a result of the action of the lubrol w1.19969178530
the laboratory diagnosis of melioidosis.the recognition of unusual, but important, pathogens such as burkholderia pseudomallei is essential for the rapid implementation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy--delays can be fatal. melioidosis should be considered as a potential diagnosis for any patient with exposure to areas of endemicity, and thus laboratories should be aware of the differential features of the disease and the causative organism. isolation of b. pseudomallei is readily achieved using standard culture media such as bloo ...19969069100
transformation of burkholderia pseudomallei by electroporation.conditions were defined for the successful transformation of the human pathogen burkholderia pseudomallei 4845 by electroporation, using the incq plasmid pkt230. we have obtained frequencies of up to 8 x 10(3) transformants per microgram plasmid dna with freshly prepared electrocompetent b. pseudomallei. the method also allows for easy and reproducible production of frozen cell suspensions which can produce efficiencies up to 2.5 x 10(2) transformants per microgram of plasmid dna. kanamycin had ...19968923967
emerging & re-emerging bacterial pathogens in india.in spite of major successes against infectious diseases in the 20th century, new infectious diseases have emerged and old ones re-emerged in recent decades in different parts of the world. a brief survey of emerging and re-emerging bacterial diseases of public health importance in india is presented in this paper. plague re-appeared in two outbreaks in maharashtra and gujarat in 1994, indicating a breakdown of the public health measures that had prevented its occurrence for several decades. lept ...19968926026
melioidosis in india: the tip of the iceberg?diagnosis of melioidosis by the isolation of burkholderia pseudomallei from one or more body fluid/tissue specimens of 6 indian subjects, 5 of whom had not travelled outside india, is reported. the places of residence of these 6 and one patient previously reported, namely tripura (2), kerala (2), orissa (1), tamil nadu (1) and maharashtra (1) are therefore potentially endemic for melioidosis. b.pseudomallei closely resembles common contaminant pseudomonas sp. and are easily mis-identified in mic ...19968926030
biological activities of lipopolysaccharide of burkholderia (pseudomonas) pseudomallei.endotoxic activities of lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated from burkholderia (pseudomonas) pseudomallei, a causative agent of melioidosis, were investigated. compared to an enterobacterial lps (sae-lps), b. pseudomallei lps (bp-lps) exhibited weaker pyrogenic activity in rabbits, lethal toxicity in galactosamine-sensitized mice and murine macrophage activation, i.e. production of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6 and nitric oxide. bp-lps, on the other hand, exhibited stronger mitogenic activit ...19968935661
burkholderia pseudomallei activates complement and is ingested but not killed by polymorphonuclear leukocytes.the mechanism by which burkholderia pseudomallei is resistant to lysis by human serum is unknown but may include interference with complement activation, effective opsonization, or complement-mediated lysis. we investigated the interaction of b. pseudomallei with complement in the presence and absence of specific antibody to determine potential mechanisms of serum resistance. we demonstrated rapid activation and consumption of complement by b. pseudomallei which, in the absence of specific antib ...19968945532
biochemical characteristics of clinical and environmental isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei.the biochemical characteristics of 213 isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei from patients with melioidosis and 140 isolates from the soil in central and northeastern thailand were compared. whereas the biochemical profiles of all the clinical isolates were similar, all soil isolates from the central area and 25% of isolates from northeastern thailand comprised a different phenotype. this was characterised by the ability to assimilate l-arabinose (100%), adonitol (100%), 5-keto-gluconate (90%) a ...19968958243
disseminated melioidosis. 19968979590
production of specific monoclonal antibodies to burkholderia pseudomallei and their diagnostic application.hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific to burkholderia pseudomallei were produced by immunizing balb/cj mice with crude culture filtrate of b. pseudomallei. two monoclonal antibodies were found to be highly specific to b.pseudomallei as tested by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting against a panel of crude whole cell extracts from b. pseudomallei, b. cepacia, pseudomonas aeruginosa, p.putida, and escherichia coli. one of the specific mabs, clone sp-m ...19968980799
severe community-acquired pneumonia in singapore.there has been no previous study documenting the aetiology and prognosis of severe community-acquired pneumonia in singapore. patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (scap) needing admission to a medical intensive care unit in singapore were studied retrospectively.19968993135
[the immunogenicity and heterogeneity of pseudomonas pseudomallei surface antigen 8].surface antigen 8, one of pathogenicity factors of p.pseudomallei and having an antiphagocytic action, contains glycoprotein with a mol. wt. of 200 kd and proteins with mol wt. of 25, 30 and 34 kd. according to its chemical structure, the carbohydrate part of antigen 8 is the homogeneous polymer of 6-d-d-mannoheptose, and its protein component is a collection of monomer proteins with mol. wt. of 12-120 kd. the consecutive fractionation of antigen 8 by gel and ion exchange chromatography has made ...19969027183
multifactorial pathogenic mechanisms of burkholderia pseudomallei as suggested from comparison with burkholderia cepacia.with the purpose to elucidate the pathogenesis of disease due to burkholderia pseudomallei some biological and biochemical properties of this species were studied in comparison with b. cepacia, since the difference in the level of virulence between the two species is remarkable despite of their toxonomic closeness. b. pseudomallei was distinct from b. cepacia in the capability to grow under anaerobic conditions, with positive nitrate respiration, excretion of high-molecular polysaccharides into ...19969031412
experimental melioidosis in hens.experimental intramuscular infection of hens with pseudomonas pseudomallei, strain 2796 (1 x 10(9) cfu from a 24-h culture) was reproduced. clinical, paraclinical and pathomorphological findings were followed from 1 to 30 days after challenge. haemagglutinin titre, bacterial dissemination in the viscera, number of leucocytes, alveolar (ama) and peritoneal (pma) macrophages and their phagocytic activity in vitro were studied. during the course of infection a leucocytosis as well as an increased h ...19968794700
rapid antigen detection assay for identification of burkholderia (pseudomonas) pseudomallei infection.a simple antigen detection test was developed for rapid diagnosis of melioidosis caused by burkholderia (pseudomonas) pseudomallei infection. the method was based on the use of a specific monoclonal antibody in a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to capture antigen in clinical specimens culture positive for b. pseudomallei. the results showed the sensitivity and specificity of the test to be 75 and 98%, respectively.19968815121
[thermostable pseudomonas pseudomallei hemolysin].the chemical nature of thermostable p.pseudomallei hemolysin has been determined. this substance is glycolipid, synthesized by bacteria at the stationary phase of growth under the conditions of the prevalence of the source of carbon over the source of nitrogen in the nutrient medium. the hemolytic activity of thermostable hemolysin has a delayed character and is more pronounced in p.pseudomallei r-forms.19968820670
[the immune response to pseudomonas pseudomallei in vitro].the results of studies made with the aim of selecting conditions for inducing immune response to p.pseudomallei are presented. the study revealed that the dose of the antigen, the amount of macrophages and the development of the process in stages are the decisive factors for inducing immune response. the proliferation of macrophages till their predominance in the culture was found to depend on the dose of the antigen. some mitogens increased the antigen-induced proliferation of macrophages. the ...19968820682
laboratory investigation of ecological factors influencing the environmental presence of burkholderia pseudomallei.factors like temperature, ph value, water content in soil, and ultraviolet rays that might have influence on the survival of environmental burkholderia pseudomallei strains were evaluated. data showed that the optimal temperature and ph value for b. pseudomallei were 24 c to 32 c and 5 to 8, respectively. water content in soil of less than 10% brought about the death of the bacteria within 70 days, while water content of more than 40% maintained bacteria life for 726 days. the bacteria were easi ...19968839431
melioidosis: two indigenous cases in taiwan.we report the first two indigenously acquired cases of melioidosis in taiwan, diagnosed by positive culture and biochemically identified using the id 32 gn system (biomerieux vitek inc, hazelwood, mo, usa). the first patient was a 75-year-old chinese woman who had not travelled abroad since her arrival from mainland china (san-tung province) 47 years ago. she presented with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatitis c-related liver cirrhosis with septic shock. burkholderia pseudomallei (for ...19968840761
experimental melioidosis in inbred mouse strains.experimental infection was induced in three inbred mouse strains (balb/c, bdf1 hybrid and c57bl) by i. p. inoculation with pseudomonas pseudomallei. the bacterial load in the viscera and the host response induced in different compartments (blood, peritoneal cavity and organs) were determined. blood cell parameters and peritoneal exudative cell populations were evaluated during the infection with the aid of an automated haematology analyser technicon h-1. it was found that all mouse strains produ ...19968861874
immunobiological diagnosis of tropical ocular diseases: toxocara, pythium insidiosum, pseudomonas (burkholderia) pseudomallei, mycobacterium chelonei and toxoplasma gondii.of the sera obtained from 18 patients with ocular diseases comprising ocular larva migrans (olm), toxoplasma gondii, mycobacterium chelonei, pythium insidiosum bacteria and tumour, 3 sera were positive for toxocara antibody at the titre over 1/1600 elisa. all 3 of these sera came from males with unilateral grayish fundi. we demonstrated the value of the direct immunofluorescent assay (difa) on vitreous specimens from 7 cases of toxoplasma retinitis. one vitreous specimen under electronmicroscopi ...19968880376
short report: electron microscopic demonstration of extracellular structure of burkholderia pseudomallei.the occurrence of latency and relapse in human melioidosis suggests adaptations by burkholderia pseudomallei that help to avoid the human immune response. ruthenium red-stained preparations of bacterial cultures viewed by electron microscopy revealed three morphologically distinct variants; one with a very marked and another with a less electron-dense layer surrounding the cell wall, and a third variety devoid of such a structure. this structure may be attributable to a layer of polysaccharide, ...19968600773
intracellular survival of burkholderia pseudomallei.burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a disease being increasingly recognized as an important cause of morbidity and mortality in many regions of the world. several features of melioidosis suggest that b. pseudomallei is a facultative intracellular pathogen. this study was designed to assess the ability of b. pseudomallei to invade and survive in eukaryotic cells. we have shown that b. pseudomallei has the capacity to invade cultured cell lines, including hela, cho, a5 ...19968641782
melioidosis in india. 19968684144
structural and immunological characterization of burkholderia pseudomallei o-polysaccharide-flagellin protein conjugates.the o-polysaccharide moiety of burkholderia pseudomallei 319a lipopolysaccharide was covalently linked to flagellin protein isolated from the same strain. a glycoconjugate incorporating adipic acid dihydrazide as a spacer molecule elicited high-titer immunoglobulin g responses to both the protein and carbohydrate components of the construct. this immunoglobulin g was capable of protecting diabetic rats from challenge with a heterologous b. pseudomallei strain.19968698517
burkholder meningitis.we report two cases of burkholder meningitis. case 1 presented with subacute lymphocytic meningitis, low sugar profile in csf and positive culture for burkholder. case 2 presented with purulent meningitis that emerged during treatment of cryptococcal meningitis which, to our knowledge, has not been reported. thus, burkholder should be considered as one of the etiologic agents in this clinical setting.19968708515
melioidosis: a rare but not forgotten cause of fever of unknown origin.melioidosis is widely prevalent in southeast asia and northern australia. although it is believed to pose no current threat to the populations of developed countries, the increased mobility of people around the world and of southeast asian refugees to western countries may change this. its long incubation period may put a relatively large number of currently asymptomatic people at risk. it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any febrile illness in a person who has visited an en ...19968731654
an immunohistochemical method for the diagnosis of melioidosis.in order to assess the usefulness of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of melioidosis, an infection by burkholderia pseudomallei, polyclonal antibodies were applied to tissues from known cases of melioidosis and to other infected tissues. formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were stained by a modified immunoperoxidase technique. in autopsy tissues with inflammatory lesions of melioidosis, the cytoplasm of phagocytes and intact bacilli, both intra- and extracellular, were stained very st ...19968743829
indirect hemagglutination antibodies against burkholderia pseudomallei in normal blood donors and suspected cases of melioidosis in malaysia.interpretation of the indirect hemagglutination test (iha) for melioidosis in endemic areas is difficult because of the presence of antibodies in apparently healthy individuals. fifty-three out of 200 healthy blood donors in malaysia showed positive antibody titers (> or = 1 : 40) against burkholderia pseudomallei. seven percent had an iha titer of 1 : 40, 11% had an iha titer of 1 : 80 while 8.5% had a titer > or = 1 : 160. out of 258 sera sent for melioidosis serology, 7% of the patients had a ...19969279987
meliodosis in india. 19969282627
in-vitro activity of carbapenem antibiotics against beta-lactam susceptible and resistant strains of burkholderia pseudomallei.four carbapenem antibiotics were tested for their in-vitro activities (mics, mbcs and time-kill studies) against burkholderia pseudomallei. the carbapenems were all more active than either ceftazidime or co-amoxiclav against strains of b. pseudomallei with a normal susceptibility pattern. biapenem was the most active antibiotic tested. all four carbapenems retained bactericidal activity against 24 strains of b. pseudomallei with reduced susceptibility to ceftazidime and/or co-amoxiclav.19969182118
affinity and response of burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia cepacia to insulin.the cells of burkholderia pseudomallei, b. cepacia and pseudomonas aeruginosa grown on agar plates were stained with fluorescently-labeled insulin. the former two species were stained positively indicating insulin binding but p. aeruginosa was not. insulin exposure reduced phospholipase c and acid phosphatase activities of b. pseudomallei but did not affect those enzymatic activities of b. cepacia in the employed experimental conditions. it is suggested that b. pseudomallei have insulin receptor ...19969185275
evolution of cell-surface acid phosphatase of burkholderia pseudomallei.acid phosphatase active fractions were obtained from cell-free extract, outermembrane fraction and culture filtrate of burkholderia pseudomallei by column chromatography with sepharose 6b and deae cellulose. the comparison of the elution patterns of protein, sugar and enzymatic activity among these three components suggested that the enzyme is a glycoprotein evolving from premature proteins through glycosylation and that the enzyme is translocated during glycosylation from the cytoplasm to the o ...19969185276
ribotyping and dna macrorestriction analysis of isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei from cases of melioidosis in malaysia.forty-nine isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei from sporadic cases of melioidosis in malaysia over the past 18 years were examined by bamhi ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) of xbai digests of total deoxyribonucleic acid (dna). twenty-four patients had septicaemic melioidosis with a mortality of 70%; mortality in the non-septicaemic disease was 16%. five ribotype patterns were identified, 2 of which accounted for 90% of all isolates. pfge revealed a number of different str ...19979231217
toxin production by burkholderia pseudomallei strains and correlation with severity of melioidosis.an exotoxin lethal to cells in culture (cytolethal toxin, clt) was identified in culture filtrates of burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative organism of melioidosis. clt could pass through a 10-kda cut-off ultrafilter and its properties suggest that it is a peptide. isolates from soil, animals and man showed differential cytolethality in vitro. the isolates were divided into low, medium and high clt producers with soil isolates being low producers and isolates from patients with melioidosis en ...19979236739
ribotype differences between clinical and environmental isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei.burkholderia pseudomallei is isolated frequently from the soil in regions where the disease melioidosis occurs. however, recent surveys in thailand have shown that the frequency of isolation of the organism from soil samples is not directly related to the incidence of melioidosis in an area. to determine whether strain populations of b. pseudomallei prevalent in soil are gentypically related to strains causing clinical disease, rrna bamhi restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp) of 139 s ...19979236740
speed of detection of burkholderia pseudomallei in blood cultures and its correlation with the clinical outcome.burkholderia pseudomallei is a major cause of fatalities from nonhospital-acquired, gram-negative bacterial septicemia in northeastern part of thailand. rapid isolation of the bacterium is critical for diagnosis and treatment. bacterial culture is currently the gold standard method for laboratory diagnosis of melioidosis. the present study describes the time to detection of b. pseudomallei in blood cultures using a bact/alert automated blood culture system, and the correlation between the speed ...19979242327
first case report of melioidosis in guadeloupe, a french west indies archipelago. 19979243060
[pulmonary melioidosis in a german southeast asia tourist].a patient who returned from a 3-year stay in thailand and india one year ago, was admitted with fever of 38.5 degrees c and productive cough for the last four weeks. he remembered wounding his foot three years ago in india with contamination by soil. subsequently, recurrent pustulae appeared on his feet. one such pustule was found on admittance. the clinical examination showed low body weight, without further abnormalities.19979265152
bacterial identity and characteristics in healthy and unhealthy respiratory tracts of sheep and calves.the aim of this study was to compare different bacteriological aspects of the respiratory systems of healthy (h) versus unhealthy (uh) animals with respiratory signs. the prevalence of different bacterial species was determined in the upper and lower respiratory tract of h and uh najdi sheep, somali sheep and holstein calves. the characteristics of pasteurella spp. isolates, and the biotype of pasteurella haemolytica were identified in h and uh animals, eighteen out of 28 (64.3%) of the identifi ...19979266661
comparative in vitro susceptibility of burkholderia pseudomallei to cefpirome, ceftazidime and cefepime. 19979271030
specific binding of burkholderia pseudomallei cells and their cell-surface acid phosphatase to gangliotetraosylceramide (asialo gm1) and gangliotriaosylceramide (asialo gm2).specific binding between bacterial cells and host tissue is an early step of the pathogenesis of infection. burkholderia pseudomallei cells, the causative micro-organisms of melioidosis, were demonstrated to bind specifically to tissue glycolipids (asialo gm1 and asialo gm2) by solid phase binding assay on thin layer chromatograms. the detection limit was around 400 pmol of the glycolipids. acid phosphatase purified from the culture filtrate of b. pseudomallei was tested for such binding propert ...19979656402
specificity and functional activity of anti-burkholderia pseudomallei polysaccharide antibodies.the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, consists of two o-antigenic polysaccharides designated o-ps i and o-ps ii. in this study, the o-ps specificity and functional activity of a protective polyclonal antiserum and an immunoglobulin m (igm) monoclonal antibody were determined. the polyclonal antiserum recognized both o-ps i and o-ps ii, while the monoclonal antibody was o-ps ii specific. both mediated phagocytic killing of b. pseudomallei b ...19979284132
[immunogenic potential of glanders and melioidosis agents].unlike the glanders agent, the superficial structures of the melioidosis agent were demonstrated to be responsible for marked was immunosuppressive activity. some antigenic fractions suppressing the blast transformation of lymphocytes, reducing the count of t helpers and profoundly potentiating the infection in vivo were isolated from p. pseudomallei cells. the immunogenic and immunosuppressive activities of both agents' superficial structures were studied by high performance chromatography. ant ...19979289277
[effect of tra-system of plasmids rp4 and r68.45 on pseudomonas mallei virulence].in pseudomonas mallei, spontaneous mutants (tra- mutants) of the plasmids rp4 and r68.45, losing the ability to transfer at conjugation are formed. the plasmids rp4 and r68.45 with tra(+)-phenotype caused a decrease in p. mallei virulence for laboratory animals. at the same time, tra- mutants of these plasmids do not affect p. mallei virulence. the insertion of dna fragment of about 1900 bp into the plasmid transfer gene regions (tra-2-tra-3) gave rise to rp4 and r68.45 tra mutations detectable ...19979289278
characterization of the capsular polysaccharide of burkholderia (pseudomonas) pseudomallei 304b.burkholderia (pseudomonas) pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a bacterial infection of considerable morbidity in areas of endemicity of southeast asia and northern australia. clinical isolates of b. pseudomallei have been demonstrated to produce a lipopolysaccharide (lps) containing two separate and chemically distinct antigenic o polysaccharides against which infected patients produced antibodies. a putative capsular polysaccharide (cps) has also been reported and is thought to ...19979294419
[melioidosis: a tropical time bomb that is spreading].melioidosis, an infectious disease that affects many mammals, was first identified in burma by whitmore in 1912. it is caused by burkholderia pseudomallei, a gram negative bacillus of the pseudomonas family, which is found in soil and water. long present in southeast asia and numerous tropical areas, melioidosis has recently appeared in temperate zones including mainland france. the incidence in endemic areas is between 6% and 20% of the population and short period of exposure is sufficient to b ...19979304017
role of reactive nitrogen and oxygen intermediates in gamma interferon-stimulated murine macrophage bactericidal activity against burkholderia pseudomallei.we examined the contributions of reactive nitrogen and oxygen intermediates (rni and roi, respectively) in macrophage bactericidal activity against burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, in order to understand host defense mechanisms against infection caused by this bacterium. the bacteria multiplied in unstimulated murine macrophage cell line j774.1. however, a strong dose-dependent inhibition of intracellular bacterial growth was observed when gamma interferon (ifn-gamm ...19979317015
arabinose assimilation defines a nonvirulent biotype of burkholderia pseudomallei.two distinct types of burkholderia pseudomallei, differentiated by the ability to assimilate l-arabinose but with similar morphologies and antigenicities, can be isolated from soil in thailand. approximately 25% of soil isolates from northeast thailand were arabinose assimilators (ara+), but in 1,200 sequentially studied patients, only arabinose "nonassimilators" (ara-) caused melioidosis (p < 0.0001). in a murine model, there was a striking difference in virulence between ara- and ara+ b. pseud ...19979317042
isolation rates of burkholderia pseudomallei among the four regions in thailand.this study aimed to compare the isolation rates of burkholderia pseudomallei among community-based hospitals located in the central, north, northeast, and south of thailand. a questionnaire inquiring about the number of isolation of b. pseudomallei from various clinical specimens during 1994-95 were mailed to 141 community-based hospitals. of these, 125 hospitals (88.6%) responded to the questionnaire. microbiological laboratory was not available in thirty hospitals. data from 95 remaining hospi ...19979322292
identification and characterization of a two-component regulatory system involved in invasion of eukaryotic cells and heavy-metal resistance in burkholderia pseudomallei.burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a disease increasingly recognized as an important cause of morbidity and mortality in many regions of the world. b. pseudomallei is a facultative intracellular pathogen capable of invading eukaryotic cells. we used tn5-ot182 mutagenesis to generate mutants deficient in the ability to invade a human type ii pneumocyte cell line (a549 cells). one of these mutants, aj1d8, exhibited approximately 10% of the ability of the parental stra ...19979393784
polymerase chain reaction for the detection of burkholderia pseudomallei.melioidosis is a potentially lethal infection of humans and animals in southeast asia and northern australia. current methods for detection of the causative organism, burkholderia pseudomallei, lack both speed and sensitivity. we report the development of a highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction-based method that can detect as few as 35 colony-forming units of b. pseudomallei/ml in saline suspensions. this polymerase chain reaction test also detected the presence of b. pseudomallei dna in cu ...19979401803
structure of an acidic exopolysaccharide of burkholderia pseudomallei.a recently described water-soluble exopolysaccharide of burkholderia pseudomallei recognized by the igg 1 monoclonal antibody 3015 [steinmetz, i., rohde, m. & brenneke, b. (1995) infect. immun. 63, 3959-3965] was isolated by repetitive ethanol-precipitation steps and by anion-exchange chromatography. the structure of the polysaccharide was determined by a combination of chemical-derivatization and mass-spectrometric techniques (compositional and methylation analysis, gc/ms, and electrospray-ioni ...19979428716
emerging infections in australia.over the last 10 years, novel infectious agents including equine morbillivirus, lyssavirus, barmah forest virus, rickettsia honei and two as-yet-unnamed bunyaviruses have been identified as causes of human disease in australia. previously described agents, such as japanese b encephalitis virus, dengue virus, ross river virus, orientia tsutsugamushi, rickettsia australis, burkholderia pseudomallei, mycobacterium ulcerans and trichinella pseudospiralis, have increased their geographical distributi ...19979494666
fatal human melioidosis in south-eastern queensland.two simultaneous human cases of fatal melioidosis in temperate south-eastern queensland involved patients who had had pre-existing multisystem illnesses, had sustained cutaneous lesions before illness onset, and died from overwhelming sepsis. onset of disease was preceded by unseasonably heavy rainfall. these and other features of these cases suggest that the source of infection was local, in which case the endemicity of burkholderia pseudomallei in temperate regional australia may be broader th ...19979066549
[an acute septic course of melioidosis after a stay in thailand].two weeks after returning from a trip to thailand a 79-year-old man developed a higher fever, pain in the right flank and progressive clouding of consciousness. she had meningism on admission.19979072482
detection of burkholderia pseudomallei in blood samples using polymerase chain reaction.a highly sensitive, specific, rapid and simple method to detect burkholderia pseudomallei in blood samples was developed. two 22-base oligonucleotide primers, based on sequences from a specific dna probe, were used for amplification of bacterial dna by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). amplification with these primers yielded a 178-base pair product in 100 clinical isolates of b. pseudomallei. as little as 0.5 fg of b. pseudomallei dna was detectable by this method. experiments involving inoc ...19979076711
mutagenesis of burkholderia pseudomallei with tn5-ot182: isolation of motility mutants and molecular characterization of the flagellin structural gene.burkholderia pseudomallei is a human and animal pathogen in tropical regions, especially southeast asia and northern australia. currently little is known about the genetics and molecular biology of this organism. in this report, we describe the mutagenesis of b. pseudomallei with the transposon tn5-ot182. b. pseudomallei 1026b transposon mutants were obtained at a frequency of 4.6 x 10(-4) per initial donor cell, and the transposon inserted randomly into the chromosome. we used tn5-ot182 to iden ...19979079894
[insertion mutations in pseudomonas pseudomallei genome induced by transposons tn10. tn9, and tn5].tn10 and tn9 from temperature-sensitive replicons rpi::tn10 rep is and rp1::tn9 rep ts and tn5 from the "suicidal" vector psup5011 may integrate in the p. pseudomallei chromosome. transposons induced auxotrophic mutations of different spectrum, depending on the strain, tn element, and defects in the genes responsible for the mobility sign, function of some extracellular elements (lecithinase and lipase), hemolytic activity, and antigen 8 synthesis, which are considered as the potential factors o ...19979082181
[creation of genomic dna libraries for pseudomonas mallei and pseudomonas pseudomallei].the genomic libraries of p. mallei and p. pseudomallei species were constructed in escherichia coli. the chromosomal dna of p. pseudomallei c-141 strain has been cloned into the cosmid vector phc79 and the broad host range plasmid vector pes154. the chromosomal dna of p. mallei [symbol: see text]-5 strain has been cloned into the plasmid vector psup202. the recombinant clones of the genomic libraries were screened by the enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (elisa) to detect the production of pse ...19979082182
conservation of the multidrug resistance efflux gene oprm in pseudomonas aeruginosa.an intragenic probe derived from the multidrug resistance gene oprm hybridized with genomic dna from all 20 serotypes of pseudomonas aeruginosa and from all 34 environmental and clinical isolates tested, indicating that the mexa-mexb-oprm multidrug efflux system is highly conserved in this organism. the oprm probe also hybridized with genomic dna from pseudomonas aureofaciens, pseudomonas chlororaphis, pseudomonas syringae, burkholderia pseudomallei, and pseudomonas putida, suggesting that efflu ...19979087505
neurological melioidosis (burkholderia pseudomallei) mimicking guillain-barré syndrome. 19979127663
characterization of burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia pseudomallei-like strains.previous reports in the literature suggest that burkholderia pseudomallei strains can be differentiated on the basis of animal virulence. twenty environmentally and clinically derived isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei were examined for the production of exoenzymes, morphological and biochemical phenotypes and virulence for syrian golden hamsters. the partial sequence of the 16s ribosomal rna [rrna] genes from a number of these strains was also determined. based upon these observations, it is ...19979129590
two patients with recurrent melioidosis after prolonged antibiotic therapy.melioidosis is a tropical infectious disease caused by burkholderia (pseudomonas) pseudomalleï. clinically manifest melioidosis occurs mostly in people with underlying disorders. melioidosis is a disease with protein manifestations and a high rate of relapse. two patients with infection due to burkholderia pseudomalleï after a visit to thailand are described. both patients presented with sepsis and appropriate therapy was initiated and continued for several months. despite such long-term antimic ...19979181661
burkholderia pseudomallei infection in the singapore armed forces from 1987 to 1994--an epidemiological review.between 1987 and 1994, twenty-three cases of burkholderia pseudomallei infection (melioidosis) were diagnosed in persons serving in the singapore armed forces. there were four deaths resulting from complications of the infection. unlike the situation in the general population, where the affected are mainly the elderly with underlying illness, the majority of cases in the singapore armed forces were otherwise fit and healthy young servicemen. serological surveys have shown the prevalence of the i ...19979140571
septicemia and suppuration in a vietnam veteran. 19979153149
diagnostic value of an antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using affinity-purified antigen in an area endemic for melioidosis.melioidosis, an infection caused by burkholderia pseudomallei, is endemic in southeast asia. the septicemic form of melioidosis is the leading cause of death from nonhospital-acquired septicemia in the northeastern part of thailand. a major factor that contributes to the high mortality is the delay in isolation and identification of the causative organism. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays based on an immunoaffinity-purified antigen for de ...19979158051
isolation and identification of burkholderia pseudomallei from soil using selective culture techniques and the polymerase chain reaction.an environmental soil survey to detect burkholderia pseudomallei was performed during the dry and wet seasons in darwin, northern territory, australia. soil was sampled at regular intervals during a 15-month period at different depths from areas which were representative of the local, soil environment. selective culture techniques using ashdown's and galimand and dodin's methods and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using specific 16s rrna primers were used to detect and identify the organism ...19979172400
in-vitro susceptibility of burkholderia pseudomallei to cefoperazone-sulbactam combination.melioidosis is endemic in malaysia. emerging resistance with new and current antimicrobial agents has underscored the need to look further for new antimicrobial agents for the treatment of melioidosis. hence, we evaluated the in-vitro susceptibility of fifty locally isolated strains of burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis to cefoperazone-sulbactam combination using the method of nccls. all the fifty strains tested were susceptible in-vitro to cefoperazone-sulbactam. the ...199710968074
diabetic ketoacidosis and melioidosis in a child.a case of 5 year old diabetic girl with melioidosis was reported. she presented with the symptoms and signs of intraabdominal infection, septicemia and diabetic ketoacidosis. abdominal ultrasonography showed multiple splenic and liver abscesses, melioidosis was suspected. hemoculture and pus culture yielded burkholderia pseudomallei which was susceptible to ceftazidime and cotrimoxazole. correction of fluid and electrolyte combined with insulin therapy and proper antibiotics resulted in a good o ...199710904572
in vitro activity of meropenem against organisms causing serious infections in a singapore hospital.meropenem (mem) is a carbapenem antibiotic effective against infections caused by a variety of organisms. this study was conducted to evaluate mem, which has not been previously used in the hospital, in parallel with some antimicrobial agents now in use, against organisms causing serious infections in the hospital. a total of 382 organisms isolated from blood cultures were included in the study. in the case of bacteroides spp. and burkholderia pseudomallei, organisms recovered from blood as well ...199718611828
brain abscess as the presenting feature of melioidosis.central nervous system involvement in melioidosis is rare and there are only a few reports of the causative organism, burkholderia pseudomallei, causing a brain abscess. we report a patient who presented to us with a brain abscess due to this organism and emphasize the need for a high degree of suspicion for this disease in tropical countries and treatment with the appropriate antibiotics, as the mortality associated with this disease is very high.199811013674
flagellin gene variation between clinical and environmental isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei contrasts with the invariance among clinical isolates.the flagellin gene sequence from a clinical isolate of burkholderia pseudomallei was used to design oligonucleotide primers for pcr/rflp analysis of flagellin gene variation among clinical and environmental isolates of b. pseudomallei. genes from four clinical and six environmental isolates were amplified and compared by rflp. the clinical isolates were indistinguishable, but variation was detected among some of the environmental isolates. sequence analysis of flagellin gene amplified products d ...19989877189
burkholderia pseudomallei: the unbeatable foe?although melioidosis has been recognized in thailand for many years and considerable progress in term of diagnosis and treatment was achieved, b. pseudomallei is still "the unbeatable foe", for several reasons as outlined here: under-recognition, high case-fatality rate, unacceptable relapse rate and a "time-bomb" for sero-positive patients. melioidosis is largely restricted to certain geographical areas. in thailand, it had long been considered a rare disease in thailand until ten cases with cu ...19989886137
antigenic differences between clinical and environmental isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei.burkholderia pseudomallei is a free-living organism that causes the potentially lethal tropical infection melioidosis. the disease is endemic in many parts of eastern asia and northern australia. the presence of two distinct biotypes in soil can be reliably distinguished by their ability to assimilate l-arabinose. whereas some soil isolates could utilize this substrate (ara+), the remaining soil isolates and all clinical isolates tested so far could not (ara-). only the ara- isolates were virule ...19989886145
neonatal meningitis and septicaemia caused by burkholderia pseudomallei.we report a case of meningitis and one of fatal septicaemia in neonates due to burkholderia pseudomallei and review the literature on neonatal melioidosis. pneumonia was the primary presentation and was complicated by shock in the latter case. the epidemiological findings suggest that the cases reported from malaysia were community-acquired in contrast with those from the usa and thailand.19989924578
[isolation and primary characteristics of a pseudomonas (burkholderia) pseudomallei plasmid].plasmid screening of reference pseudomonas pseudomallei strains isolated from patients and animals revealed cryptic plasmids with different molecular weights in 30 strains. plasmids were investigated by restriction analysis and dna-dna hybridization. cryptic plasmids were denoted as ppm1, pcm2, pcm3, and pcm4. the presence of plasmids in melioidosis agent permits their use for intraspecies typing of strains and for genetic studies.19989987750
the type ii o-antigenic polysaccharide moiety of burkholderia pseudomallei lipopolysaccharide is required for serum resistance and virulence.melioidosis, an infection caused by the gram-negative bacterial pathogen burkholderia pseudomallei, is endemic in south-east asia and northern australia. acute septicaemic melioidosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in north-east thailand. b. pseudomallei is highly resistant to the bactericidal activity of normal human serum (nhs), and we have found that b. pseudomallei 1026b multiplies in 10-30% nhs. we developed a simple screen for the identification of serum-sensitive ...19989988483
[septicemic melioidosis in southern taiwan: a case report].the patient was a 56 year-old man, a resident of hen-tsueng township in ping-tung county. he worked as a ranger at ken-ting farm in southern taiwan, and had been to thailand for sight-seeing 5 years ago. he came to our outpatient department about one month prior to hospitalization for intermittent fever of one week duration. at that time, complete blood count was within normal limits and a chest roentgenogram was unremarkable. he was given erythromycin without showing any clinical improvement. t ...199810627169
characterization of three capsular polysacharides produced by burkholderia pseudomallei.three kinds of capsular polysaccharide (cp) were found to be produced by burkholderia pseudomallei. when the bacterium was grown with the medium without glycerol, cp-1a and cp-1b were produced. cp-1a was mainly 1.4-linked glucan and cp-1b was identified as a polymer composed of galactose and 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid, whose chemical structure was recently reported by other laboratories. when the bacterium was grown with the medium containing 5" glycerol. cp-2 was synthesized. cp-2 contain ...199810744478
characterisation and molecular typing of burkholderia pseudomallei: are disease presentations of melioidosis clonally related?eighteen cases of culture positive melioidosis caused by burkholderia pseudomallei, were seen in four geographically separate communities in north queensland, australia. the genetic inter-relatedness of the clinical isolates were compared utilising random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (mee). the isolates segregated into two groups that correlated with clinical presentation rather than geographical location. this is the first described association b ...19989514574
lipopolysaccharide from nonvirulent ara+ burkholderia pseudomallei isolates is immunologically indistinguishable from lipopolysaccharide from virulent ara- clinical isolates.different lines of evidence suggest that a discrepancy between the distribution of burkholderia (pseudomonas) pseudomallei in the environment and the distribution of the disease melioidosis is attributable, at least in part, to phenotypic differences between clinical and some environmental isolates. two antigenically and biochemically distinct biotypes have been described, only one of which is virulent. in this study, lipopolysaccharides (lpss) were extracted by the proteinase k digestion method ...19989521147
purification and characterization of a cytotoxic exolipid of burkholderia pseudomallei.burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, an infectious disease, which is increasingly recognized as an important public health problem in various tropical regions. this study describes the identification and characterization of a heat-stable extracellular toxin of b. pseudomallei. after cultivation of b. pseudomallei in liquid media, the heated cell-free supernatant was concentrated by ultrafiltration. the concentrate exhibited a cytotoxic and hemolytic activity which sho ...19989529085
potential misidentification of burkholderia pseudomallei by api 20ne.biochemical confirmation of the identity of burkholderia pseudomallei in singapore previously relied on the api 20ne panel of tests. after introducing an alternative proprietary biochemical panel, the microbact 24e (medvet, adelaide, australia), we noted that the api panel identified some presumptive b. pseudomallei isolates as other species. we therefore compared the performance of the api 20ne against the microbact 24e with 50 distinct clinical isolates of b. pseudomallei, after 24 hours and a ...19989534210
burkholderia thailandensis sp. nov., a burkholderia pseudomallei-like species.the presence of a burkholderia pseudomallei-like species based upon the significant genotypic and phenotypic dissimilarities exhibited between these organisms and true b. pseudomallei strains has been reported previously. in this study, a comprehensive 16s rdna-based phylogenetic analysis further supports the existence of this newly described burkholderia species for which the name burkholderia thailandensis sp. nov. is proposed.19989542103
evaluation of pcr for diagnosis of melioidosis.previously published pcr-based diagnostic tests for melioidosis were evaluated for clinical usefulness. a burkholderia pseudomallei 16s rrna-derived primer set had a sensitivity approaching 100% for clinical samples from 22 culture-confirmed cases of melioidosis and enabled diagnosis of 3 culture-negative cases. however, samples from 10 of 30 inpatients from royal darwin hospital with other diagnoses were positive by pcr, giving a specificity of 67% and a positive predictive value of only 70%. a ...19989542933
burkholderia pseudomallei infection in a puerto rican patient with chronic granulomatous disease: case report and review of occurrences in the americas.burkholderia species, notably burkholderia cepacia and burkholderia gladioli, are important pathogens in patients with chronic granulomatous disease (cgd). burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is endemic in southeast asia and northern australia but is a rare pathogen in other parts of the world. we describe the occurrence of b. pseudomallei infection in a puerto rican patient with cgd. this is one of only a small number of documented cases of melioidosis autochthonous t ...19989564470
mycotic aneurysm due to burkholderia pseudomallei. 19989564506
the detection of insertion sequences within the human pathogen burkholderia pseudomallei which have been identified previously in burkholderia cepacia.using primers designed from the nucleotide sequences of five insertion elements identified previously in burkholderia cepacia, the presence of two insertion sequences (is406 and is407) was detected in chromosomal dna isolated from strains of the human pathogen burkholderia pseudomallei. the is407 homologue was cloned from b. pseudomallei nctc 4845 and nucleotide sequenced to confirm its identity and degree of homology with b. cepacia is407. a pcr amplification product from b. pseudomallei nctc 4 ...19989595665
balb/c and c57bl/6 mice infected with virulent burkholderia pseudomallei provide contrasting animal models for the acute and chronic forms of human melioidosis.burkholderia pseudomallei is the aetiological agent of melioidosis, a life-threatening bacterial disease occurring in many species of animals, including man. infection in humans commonly manifests as one of three clinical presentations: acute, subacute or chronic disease. investigations were undertaken to assess the suitability of balb/c and c57bl/6 mice as animal models for the different forms of human melioidosis. the course of infection in balb/c mice was similar to that which occurs in acute ...19989600859
detection of glycoprotein of burkholderia pseudomallei. 19989621212
development and characterization of a murine monoclonal antibody reactive with a 64 kda somatic antigen of burkholderia cepacia.monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to burkholderia cepacia were produced from mice immunized with inactivated whole-cell antigen. for screening of resulting mabs an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was used. a stable hybridoma cell line (bc-2) producing specific antibodies to a 64 kda somatic antigen from b. cepacia was established. in elisa and immunoblotting analysis the mab bc-2 recognized all tested strains of b. cepacia whereas no cross-reaction with 32 pseudomonas aeruginosa strains was ...19989627054
cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa: a report of a case associated with melioidosis (burkholderia pseudomallei). 19989646129
brain abscesses caused by burkholderia pseudomallei.burkholderia pseudomallei is an important human pathogen in tropical areas, particularly south east asia and northern australia. a fatal case of meliodosis presenting as brain abscesses is described. the patient deteriorated despite treatment and died 21 days after admission. burkholderia pseudomallei was only isolated after administration of corticosteroids, whilst on treatment with antibiotics to which the organism later showed in vitro sensitivity. magnetic resonance imaging was more sensitiv ...19989661950
kartagener's syndrome: a re-visit with chinese perspectives.the objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical, radiological investigation profiles, and ciliary function and ultrastructure in chinese patients with kartagener's syndrome (presence of dextrocardia, sinusitis and bronchiectasis). all patients with dextrocardia were assessed for the presence of sinusitis and bronchiectasis in our hospital network. patients identified with kartagener's were assessed when they were at steady state for their bronchiectasis. seven cases (4 males; mean age 3 ...19989692519
aetiology and outcome of severe community-acquired pneumonia in singapore.the aim of this study was to determine the aetiology and outcome of severe community-acquired pneumonia, and to assess whether the existing guidelines for initial antimicrobial therapy are being applied. the records of 57 consecutive nonimmunocompromised patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit (icu) between january 1989 and may 1993 with this diagnosis were reviewed. the microbiological data, chest radiographic changes and outcome were analysed. nine (16%) of the 57 patients had pul ...19989701424
stability of strain genotypes of burkholderia pseudomallei from patients with single and recurrent episodes of melioidosis.the constancy of strain genotypes of multiple isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei from 13 patients with melioidosis was examined by bamhi ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) of xbai digests of dna. seven of 8 patients with single episodes of melioidosis each yielded genetically identical isolates and only one of five patients with recurrent episodes was infected with a new strain clearly distinct from the original primary strain. variation was observed in pfge patterns of pr ...19989705184
Refresh
firstprev
12345678910...
nextlast
Displaying items 401 - 500 of 2531