Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| measles virus and inactivated canine distemper virus induce incomplete immunity to canine distemper. | pairs of specific pathogen free dogs were immunized with two injections of heat inactivated canine distemper virus (cdv) or one injection of a live cdv or live measles virus (mv) vaccine. three unimmunized dogs were used as controls. all 9 dogs were challenged with virulent cdv (snyder hill strain). the three unimmunized dogs developed severe signs of disease with a lethal infection in one. the two dogs immunized with live cdv vaccine developed a strong humoral as well as cellular immune respons ... | 1984 | 6497659 |
| canine distemper encephalomyelitis: variation with virus strain. | disease induced by 3 virulent strains of canine distemper virus (cdv) was compared in specific pathogen-free beagle dogs. all strains produced an encephalomyelitis but variation was observed in the severity, clinical course and resulting neuropathology. infection with snyder hill strain of cdv was consistently acute; dogs either succumbed 14 to 19 days post-inoculation (pi) or recovered. lesions in the neuraxis were those of a polioencephalomyelitis. in contrast, cdv strain a75-17 produced subac ... | 1984 | 6699231 |
| molecular cloning of the nucleoprotein gene of canine distemper virus. | messenger rnas labelled in vivo in vero cells infected with canine distemper virus were analysed by electrophoresis on 1.5% agarose gels containing 2 m-formaldehyde. seven virus-specific rna bands could be distinguished which were not sensitive to actinomycin d treatment and were confined to the polyadenylated rna fraction. the most abundant virus-specific mrna species had a molecular weight of 0.52 x 10(6) and its coding capacity was consistent with it being the mrna for the most abundant virus ... | 1984 | 6699620 |
| effects of canine distemper virus on natural killer cell activity in dogs. | an in vitro 51cr-release assay was developed to detect the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells (nk) of canine peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes to canine distemper virus (cdv) target cell membrane-bound antigens. leukocytes from 23 young (greater than or equal to 1 week of age), cdv-naive gnotobiotic dogs could discriminate between noninfected control and cdv-infected vero target cells. however, the amount of preinfection nk activity did not positively correlate with the ultimate outcome ... | 1985 | 4037509 |
| encephalitis induced in non-human primates by canine distemper virus adapted to human neural cells. | the onderstepoort strain of canine distemper virus (cdv) adapted to human oligodendroglioma, neuroblastoma and glioblastoma cells, was intracerebrally inoculated into cynomolgus monkeys. all the three viruses caused periventricular encephalitis involving the brain stem. when the neurovirulence of these viruses were compared in terms of clinical signs and histopathological changes, the oligodendroglioma-adapted virus showed the neurovirulence of the highest degree inducing degeneration of axons a ... | 1985 | 4087464 |
| [distemper epidemic in switzerland: epidemiology and anamnesis of vaccination]. | 1985 | 4089589 | |
| requirement of methionine for the replication of canine distemper virus in vero cells. | the replication of canine distemper virus (cdv) in vero cells was found to require certain amino acids such as arginine, methionine and valine. the deprivation of methionine caused the most marked reduction in virus yield. in cells cultured in medium deprived of methionine, the early processes of viral replication such as adsorption, penetration and uncoating of virus occurred at normal rates, but the syntheses of viral rna and protein were markedly reduced. the addition of s-adenosylmethionine ... | 1985 | 3968535 |
| syncytia formation: an aid in the diagnosis of canine distemper encephalomyelitis. | syncytia formation has been observed in response to experimental canine distemper virus (cdv) infection in specific-pathogen-free beagle dogs. multinucleated giant cells are most frequently found in white matter lesions of the brain and in the anterior uvea of the eye. lymph nodes and the lung are occasionally positive, while the leptomeninges will also rarely harbour syncytia. the mechanism of syncytia formation and their possible importance in the pathogenesis of the disease are briefly discus ... | 1985 | 4031136 |
| the generation of small-plaque mutants during undiluted passage of canine distemper virus. | a culture of vero cells persistently infected with undiluted-passage, large-plaque canine distemper virus was found to release small-plaque virus (spv). this suggested that spv could be generated by large-plaque virus (lpv). however, attempts to induce small-plaque mutants from lpv with 5-fluorouracil resulted in the production of virus that expressed a variable plaque type and induced a spectrum of disease in hamsters. in contrast, small-plaque mutants, shown to arise during undiluted passage o ... | 1985 | 3988485 |
| thrombocytopenia associated with vaccination of a dog with a modified-live paramyxovirus vaccine. | thrombocytopenia (10,000/mm3), with hematochezia and melena, appeared in a dog 8 days after it was given modified-live canine distemper, virus vaccine and persisted for approximately 5 days. clinical investigation discounted other possible causes of thrombocytopenia; the condition was considered to be associated with vaccination. the problem spontaneously resolved. the appearance of thrombocytopenia after modified-live canine distemper virus vaccination is not unknown and may assume a severe for ... | 1985 | 4008307 |
| [possible involvement of the canine distemper virus in the epidemiology of multiple sclerosis]. | 1985 | 3832280 | |
| sequence homology within the morbilliviruses. | double-stranded cdna synthesized from total polyadenylate-containing mrna extracted from monkey kidney cells infected with canine distemper virus (cdv) was cloned into the psti site of escherichia coli plasmid pbr322. clones containing cdv dna were identified by hybridization to a cdv-specific 32p-labeled cdna. a cdna clone containing an insert 1,700 base pairs (cdv 364) has been identified as the reverse transcript of the mrna coding for the nucleocapsid protein. the size of the mrna species co ... | 1985 | 3838193 |
| cloning and characterization of dna complementary to the canine distemper virus mrna encoding matrix, phosphoprotein, and nucleocapsid protein. | double-stranded cdna synthesized from total polyadenylate-containing mrna, extracted from monkey kidney cells infected with canine distemper virus (cdv), has been cloned into the psti site of escherichia coli plasmid pbr322. clones containing canine distemper virus dna were identified by hybridization to a canine distemper virus-specific, 32p-labeled cdna. four specific clones containing different classes of sequences have been identified. the cloned plasmids contain inserts of 800 (clone 44-80) ... | 1985 | 3838194 |
| cdna cloning of the messenger rnas of five genes of canine distemper virus. | messenger rnas from vero cells infected with the onderstepoort strain of canine distemper virus (cdv) were cloned into the psti site of plasmid pat153. total polyadenylated rna was used and resulting clones were screened with 32p-labelled cdna probes from infected and mock-infected cells. the virus specificity of the clones was proven by northern blot hybridization and by ability to select radioactive virus mrnas labelled in vivo in the presence of actinomycin d. clones from the n, p and m genes ... | 1985 | 3838337 |
| [distemper in stone martens (martes foina, erxl.) in schleswig-holstein. a contribution to the epidemiology of distemper]. | 1985 | 3891298 | |
| comparison of messenger rnas induced in cells infected with each member of the morbillivirus group. | virus-specific mrnas radiolabelled with [32p]orthophosphate in the presence of actinomycin d were extracted from the cytoplasm of vero cells infected with each of the known morbilliviruses: measles virus, canine distemper virus, rinderpest virus, and peste des petits ruminants virus. when analysed on denaturing agarose-formaldehyde gels the major rna species from all viruses in the group were identical, except for canine distemper virus where one of the virus-specific mrnas (mrna 5), which proba ... | 1985 | 4013082 |
| epidemiological studies on multiple sclerosis. | 1985 | 4033940 | |
| spread and distribution of viral antigen in nervous canine distemper. | canine distemper virus (cdv) antigen was demonstrated immunocytochemically in the central nervous system (cns) of 19 dogs killed from 16 to 170 days after infection. in the earliest lesions, infection of glial cells preceded demyelination, and the degree of myelin destruction correlated with the amount of viral antigen in the tissue. it was concluded that initial demyelination in distemper is directly viral-induced, but the nature of the infected glial cells remains uncertain. ependymal infectio ... | 1985 | 4050335 |
| plaque identification of strand-forming canine distemper virus by staphylococcal protein a-mediated reverse passive haemadsorption. | the r252 neurotropic isolate of canine distemper virus (cdv) produces cytopathic effects (cpe) dominated by strand formation rather than by the formation of multinucleate giant cells. the lack of well-defined cpe and consequent rapid spread of infection throughout the cell monolayer has hindered plaque purification of this virus by conventional methods. however, the use of an immunological detection system which utilizes binding of hyperimmune dog serum to virus-infected cells, followed by the i ... | 1985 | 3980664 |
| declining incidence of multiple sclerosis in the orkney islands. | the incidence of ms in the orkney islands has been updated from 1941 to september 21, 1983. since 1965, ms incidence rates have fallen significantly when compared with those for 1941 to 1964. alterations in age-specific prevalence, mean duration of illness, and mean age of the ms population are consistent with the decline in incidence of ms in recent years. although the reason for the decreasing incidence is uncertain, it is consistent with the hypothesis that ms may be caused by canine distempe ... | 1985 | 3982640 |
| nonsuppurative meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown etiology in mink. | a central nervous system disease of mink occurred in three unrelated fur farms in oregon in september, 1981. only kits four to five months old were affected. clinical signs consisted of posterior ataxia progressing to complete posterior paralysis with loss of motor control and sensation. complete or partial recovery occurred in approximately 1.5 months in most mink. microscopic lesions consisted of severe nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis and meningomyelitis with vacuolation of the white matter ... | 1985 | 3984155 |
| persistence of virulent canine distemper virus in lymphoblastoid cell lines. | persistent infection with virulent canine distemper virus (cdv-sh) was established in 2 human lymphoblastoid b cell lines (wi-l2 and raji), and one human (hsb), one simian (1670) and one canine (ct-45-s) lymphoblastoid t cell line. cell free virus from persistently infected t cell lines was avirulent for dogs but virulence was maintained during 31 cell passages in persistently infected b cell lines. | 1985 | 2994601 |
| canine distemper virus does not infect oligodendrocytes in vitro. | dissociated canine brain cell cultures were infected with virulent canine distemper virus (cdv). double immunofluorescent labelling was done to simultaneously demonstrate viral antigen and specific glial cell markers. virus containing oligodendrocytes were not found at any stage of the infection. a certain proportion of the infected cells were shown to be astrocytes. it was concluded that cdv has no obvious tropism for oligodendrocytes which could explain the mechanism of demyelination in distem ... | 1985 | 3897461 |
| correlation between epitopes on hemagglutinin of measles virus and biological activities: passive protection by monoclonal antibodies is related to their hemagglutination inhibiting activity. | measles virus monoclonal antibodies (moabs) were used to investigate the structure of the hemagglutinin (h) antigen, in order to study the regions of the molecule implicated in protection. using a competition binding assay, three overlapping domains were defined, and these have been correlated with the biological activities of their corresponding moab. all of the anti-h moabs, with a single exception, neutralized virus infectivity in vitro. we investigated their capacity in passive protection us ... | 1985 | 2414919 |
| is rinderpest virus the archevirus of the morbillivirus genus? | groups of 6-39 monoclonal antibodies identifying 3-18 distinct epitopes on the nucleoprotein (np), polymerase (p), hemagglutinin (h; equivalent in canine distemper and rinderpest viruses), and fusion (f) components of measles and canine distemper viruses were characterized in immunofluorescence tests with fixed vero cell cultures infected with measles, canine distemper and rinderpest viruses. the majority of np-specific monoclonal antibodies reacted with all three viruses, but one-third of the a ... | 1985 | 2409055 |
| isolation and characterization of canine distemper virus-specific rna. | ten species of virus-specific rna were detected in vero cells infected with the fxno strain of canine distemper virus (cdv). the largest rna was the genome-sized rna and the nine smaller species were polyadenylated rnas. similar results were obtained for nine other strains of cdv. the molecular weights of these ten rnas were determined to be 4.61 x 10(6), 2.46 x 10(6), 1.52 x 10(6), 1.32 x 10(6), 1.19 x 10(6), 1.07 x 10(6), 0.77 x 10(6), 0.65 x 10(6), 0.58 x 10(6), and 0.48 x 10(6). by in vitro ... | 1985 | 2581115 |
| preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed against four structural components of canine distemper virus. | mouse hybridomas producing antibodies against structural proteins of canine distemper virus (cdv) were produced by fusion of sp2/0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from balb/c mice immunized with purified preparations of vero cell-grown cdv. ascites fluids collected after intraperitoneal inoculation with 149 cdv antibody-producing hybridoma cell lines were characterized by different serological tests. by immune precipitation tests with [35s]methionine-labelled extracellular virions and intracellu ... | 1985 | 2579191 |
| serologic evaluation of vaccinated american river otters. | the oklahoma department of wildlife conservation acquired 20 american river otters (lutra canadensis) between 1984 and 1985 for reintroduction into oklahoma waterways. in 1985, 10 otters were evaluated for serum antibody titers after vaccination with canine distemper virus, canine adenovirus type 2, canine parvovirus (cpv), feline panleukopenia virus (fpv), feline rhinotracheitis virus (frv), and feline calicivirus. prevaccination serum-virus neutralization (svn) antibody to feline rhinotracheit ... | 1985 | 3001000 |
| dogs and paget's disease. | 1985 | 2866320 | |
| [diagnostic problems posed by respiratory infections of dogs]. | the following viruses as well as bacteria and mycoplasma have been isolated from dogs with contagious respiratory disease: canine distemper virus; canine adenoviruses (type 1 and 2); parainfluenza type 2 (sv5); reovirus type 1; canine herpesvirus; bordetella bronchiseptica, streptococcus, pasteurella, staphylococcus and mycoplasma. the occurrence of these agents can be in direct relationship with: the evolution of a systemic disease; respiratory disorders being a regular or inconsistant symptom ... | 1985 | 2998696 |
| viral respiratory diseases. | an overview of the more commonly encountered viral diseases of the dog and cat is presented. the reader is acquainted with the principles of antiviral therapy and the drugs that have been studied for use in animal viral respiratory diseases. an update on vaccination principles and guidelines is provided. | 1985 | 3000052 |
| nucleotide sequence of the entire protein coding region of canine distemper virus polymerase-associated (p) protein mrna. | the entire coding region of the polymerase-associated (p) protein gene of canine distemper virus has been sequenced. a single cdna clone which represents 98% of the mrna encoding this protein was used to determine the nucleotide sequence. the sequence predicts a major protein of 507 amino acids and a molecular weight of 54 936. there is also a second, overlapping, open reading frame with a start signal 21 bases downstream of the first aug which could code for a protein of 174 amino acids with a ... | 1985 | 3000106 |
| conserved structures among the nucleocapsid proteins of the paramyxoviridae: complete nucleotide sequence of human parainfluenza virus type 3 np mrna. | the nucleotide sequence of the mrna coding for the nucleocapsid protein (np) of the paramyxovirus, human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3), has been determined. the np mrna was found to contain 1642 bases, excluding poly(a), and encode a protein of 515 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 57,823. amino acid residues 1 through 420 of piv-3 np protein showed extensive sequence homology with the corresponding amino acids of sendai virus nucleocapsid protein. there was virtually no homology betw ... | 1986 | 3012866 |
| serological evidence against role for canine distemper virus in pathogenesis of paget's disease of bone. | 1986 | 2878259 | |
| in vitro and in vivo properties of the virus causing natural canine distemper encephalitis. | a group of dogs with naturally occurring canine distemper developed prodromal systemic symptoms followed by neurological disorders. the post-infection courses of these diseases lasted approximately 2 months. a varying degree of demyelination and inclusion body formation was found mostly in the cerebella of virologically confirmed cases with little or no inflammatory response. the distribution of canine distemper virus antigen coincided with the histopathological lesions. the animals had moderate ... | 1986 | 2419490 |
| secondary degeneration of oligodendrocytes in canine distemper virus infection in vitro. | to study the pathogenesis of demyelination in canine distemper virus (cdv) infection, primary canine brain cell cultures were infected with cdv to examine specific virus-induced glial cell changes. cultures were harvested at regular intervals after inoculation and were immunostained for the specific demonstration of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and cdv antigen. the infection spread slowly with moderate cytolysis and cell fusion. soon after inoculation, infection of astrocytes was found by means ... | 1986 | 2421102 |
| the antigenic relationship between measles, canine distemper and rinderpest viruses studied with monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were used to delineate the antigenic relationship between the three morbillivirus types: measles virus (mv), canine distemper virus (cdv) and rinderpest virus (rpv). panels of six to 31 mabs against the haemagglutinin (h), fusion (f), nucleocapsid protein (np), phosphoprotein (p) and matrix (m) proteins of mv and the h, f, np and p proteins of cdv were employed. nine strains of mv, three strains of cdv and four strains of rpv were examined by radioimmunoprecipitation ... | 1986 | 2425047 |
| in vitro detection of canine distemper virus nucleic acid with a virus-specific cdna probe by dot-blot and in situ hybridization. | a cdna library was prepared from canine distemper viral (cdv) messenger rna (mrna) derived from vero cells lytically infected with the onderstepoort strain (ond) of cdv. a 300 base pair insert was identified which, by northern blot analysis and sanger sequence data, was shown to be specific to the nucleocapsid gene. the nucleocapsid (nc) clone was radiolabelled with 32p using nick translation and used to detect viral rna in both dot-blot and in situ preparations of vero cells lytically infected ... | 1986 | 3539957 |
| tyzzer's disease as a complication of canine distemper in a raccoon. | intercurrent canine distemper and tyzzer's disease were diagnosed in a mature raccoon (procyon lotor) submitted for necropsy. clinical, gross and microscopic findings characteristic of canine distemper virus (cdv), included ataxia, dyspnea, suppurative conjunctivitis, interstitial pneumonitis and generalized lymphocytolysis. inclusion bodies typical of cdv infection were present in many epithelial tissues. acute multifocal hepatic necrosis and acute segmental necrotizing enteritis were attribute ... | 1986 | 3951062 |
| comparison of biological and molecular properties among canine distemper virus strains. | 1986 | 3712888 | |
| repeated suppression of lymphocyte blastogenesis following vaccinations of cpv-immune dogs with modified-live cpv vaccines. | a commercially available modified-live canine parvovirus (cpv) vaccine was evaluated for its immunosuppressive properties in eight random-bred dogs, all with circulatory antibody to cpv. three of the eight dogs exhibited a significant decrease in lymphocyte blastogenesis after vaccine administration. in these dogs, this decrease in blastogenesis was of short duration and was consistently observed after repeated administrations of the vaccine. neither gastroenteritis, fever nor leukopenia, signs ... | 1986 | 3776091 |
| sequence analysis of the p and c protein genes of human parainfluenza virus type 3: patterns of amino acid sequence homology among paramyxovirus proteins. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the p + c mrna of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (pf3) was determined by sequencing cdna, viral genomic rna and mrna. the p + c mrna is 2009 nucleotides in length, exclusive of poly(a), and contains two overlapping open reading frames (orfs). the p + c mrna encodes two proteins, the 602 amino acid nucleocapsid phosphoprotein p and the 199 amino acid non-structural protein c. peptide mapping confirmed that the two proteins are unrelated. hybrid-arrest transla ... | 1986 | 3025346 |
| immunocytochemical methods for demonstrating canine distemper virus antigen in aldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. | the effects of enzymatic digestion, sodium borohydride reduction, acids used in decalcification procedures and techniques for inactivation of endogenous peroxidase were sequentially evaluated for their effect on the immunoreactivity of canine distemper virus in aldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. enzyme digestion improved immunoreactivity while sodium borohydride reduced background staining. paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde-fixed tissues required thioglycolic acid treatment prior to enzyme d ... | 1986 | 3090088 |
| studies on the intrathecal humoral immune response in canine distemper encephalitis. | albumin and igg were quantitated in paired cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and serum samples from dogs with demyelinating canine distemper virus (cdv) infection by means of rocket immunoelectrophoresis. the igg index as indicator for intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis was normal in animals with non-inflammatory demyelinating lesions and elevated in dogs with inflammatory myelin lesions. specific antibodies against cdv and myelin were quantitated in csf and serum from 8 dogs with an elevated igg inde ... | 1986 | 3944250 |
| pathologic findings in rabies-suspect, random-source, and accidentally killed skunks. | to evaluate sampling biases, pathologic findings in accidentally killed skunks (ie, killed by motor vehicles) were compared with those in random-source skunks (live-trapped and euthanatized, or trap-killed during research) and skunks submitted to a public health laboratory as rabies-suspect. presence or absence of microscopic lesions in the brain, kidneys, liver, and lungs were used to test the null hypothesis that prevalence of disease did not differ by source of collection. brain lesions diffe ... | 1986 | 3505935 |
| matrix genes of measles virus and canine distemper virus: cloning, nucleotide sequences, and deduced amino acid sequences. | the nucleotide sequences encoding the matrix (m) proteins of measles virus (mv) and canine distemper virus (cdv) were determined from cdna clones containing these genes in their entirety. in both cases, single open reading frames specifying basic proteins of 335 amino acid residues were predicted from the nucleotide sequences. both viral messages were composed of approximately 1,450 nucleotides and contained 400 nucleotides of presumptive noncoding sequences at their respective 3' ends. mv and c ... | 1986 | 3754588 |
| evidence of canine distemper virus infection in skunks negative for antibody against rabies virus. | between january 1981 and october 1985, brain tissue specimens from 192 skunks that were negative for antibodies against rabies virus were obtained from 2 illinois public health laboratories (a and b). brain lesions were detected microscopically in specimens from 17 of the 91 (18.7%) skunks from laboratory b and in specimens from 30 of the 101 (29.7%) skunks from laboratory a. lesions in 3 skunks (1 from laboratory a, 2 from b) were caused by cerebral parasitism. lesions in the remaining 44 skunk ... | 1986 | 3505934 |
| canine distemper virus in coyotes: a serologic survey. | serum samples from 228 coyotes were selected randomly from a serum bank assembled from texas from 1975 to 1984 and were evaluated serologically for neutralizing antibodies against canine distemper virus (cdv). one hundred and twenty-eight (56%) of the 228 coyotes had antibody titers of greater than or equal to 1:5 against cdv (seropositive). the serologic prevalence (seroprevalence) of antibodies against cdv infection was higher in the spring (62%) than in the fall (40%). the seroprevalence of c ... | 1986 | 3505937 |
| [studies on canine distemper virus. i. virus cultivation in cell cultures]. | the author studied the multiplication capacity of 2 avianized strains of canine distemper virus - onderstepoort and lederle encephalitis and 2 country strains - ws-66 and ll-68 in primary cell cultures of chicken embryo fibroblasts and the dog's kidney. the strain onderstepoort multiplied and caused cytopathological changes in the cell culture of chicken embryo fibroblasts after passaging from villousallantoic membranes of chicken embryos. maximum titer was found between the 5th and 15th passage ... | 1986 | 3822856 |
| canine distemper virus clearance in chronic inflammatory demyelination. | the distribution of canine distemper virus (cdv) antigen was examined in the brains of 14 dogs with chronic nervous distemper using a monoclonal antibody against a major viral protein. in ten of these dogs, neutralizing anti-cdv antibody titers were determined in serum and unconcentrated cerebrospinal fluid (csf). in 19% of the inflammatory demyelinating lesions, large amounts of cdv antigen were found; in 34% of these lesions only residual traces of virus were seen and in almost half of the les ... | 1986 | 3825508 |
| neurovirulence in mice of neural cell-adapted canine distemper virus. | neurovirulence of the onderstepoort strain of canine distemper virus (cdv) adapted to human neural cell lines was determined by the intracerebral inoculation of ddd mice at 3 and 5 weeks of age. intensity of neurovirulence was estimated by histopathological changes in the central nervous system and clinical symptoms. the original virus propagated in vero cells induced leptomeningoencephalitis, whereas neuroblastoma-adapted virus induced nerve cell degeneration and mild encephalitis with relative ... | 1986 | 3724559 |
| potential role of paramyxoviruses in multiple sclerosis. | at the present time, the cause of multiple sclerosis (ms) remains unknown, although it seem likely that one or more infectious agents triggers the disease, perhaps through an autoimmune mechanism. in this article, evidence linking the paramyxoviruses, canine distemper, and measles to ms is reviewed. | 1986 | 3724739 |
| protection against canine distemper virus in dogs after immunization with isolated fusion protein. | canine distemper virus attachment (hemagglutinin [h] equivalent) and fusion (f) antigens were purified by affinity chromatography with monoclonal antibodies. the purified antigens were used to immunize groups of three dogs. radioimmune precipitation assays with sera from these animals showed that the f antigen preparation was pure and induced only an f polypeptide-specific antibody response but that the h antigen preparation had a slight contamination by the f antigen. immunized animals were cha ... | 1986 | 3754590 |
| characterization of clones for the sixth (l) gene and a transcriptional map for morbilliviruses. | cdna clones of the largest rna transcript of the canine distemper and measles morbilliviruses were characterized. this presumably codes for the l protein of these viruses. mrna 4 was identified as coding for the haemagglutinin protein of measles virus. from an analysis of readthrough transcripts representing tandem copies of two or three genes we established a transcriptional map and the gene order on the negative strand genome of the morbilliviruses to be 3'-n-p + c-m-f-h-l-5'. the data exclude ... | 1986 | 3755751 |
| imprints of virus infection: can paramyxoviruses permanently modify triacylglycerol metabolism? | we have examined whether the passage of a paramyxovirus in a cell (bgm, african green monkey kidney) or animal (swiss mouse) can permanently modify its metabolism. in an in vitro model in which cells had been cured of a measles virus persistent infection, the cells retained the modifications affecting lipid metabolism and composition induced during the infection. in a canine distemper virus mouse model, the same virus-induced modifications were observed in mice after the virus had been eliminate ... | 1986 | 3762334 |
| albumin leakage into cerebrospinal fluid of dogs lethally infected with r252 canine distemper virus. | cerebrospinal fluid (csf) form nine lethally infected and three convalescent gnotobiotic dogs infected with the r252 strain of canine distemper virus (cdv) was evaluated prior to and following infection. lethally infected dogs had a mean seven-fold increase in csf albumin concentration compared to the preinoculation value, not present in dogs destined to survive. immunochemical examination of tissue from these dogs revealed prominent perivascular localization of albumin. examination of csf cells ... | 1987 | 3805261 |
| the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the f protein of canine distemper virus: a comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with other paramyxoviruses. | the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the fusion protein of canine distemper virus was determined from cdna clones derived from virus genome rna and poly(a)+ rna extracted from infected cells. the mrna encoding the f protein is about 2300 nucleotides in length including the 3' poly(a) tail. there is a large open reading frame from nucleotides 86 to 2071 which begins at the first aug codon in the f mrna. this reading frame encodes a protein of 662 amino acid residues with a calculated mol. ... | 1987 | 3433924 |
| canine distemper virus: the early blood-brain barrier lesion. | experimental infection of gnotobiotic beagle dogs with neurovirulent r252 canine distemper virus (cdv) resulted in hematogenous dissemination of virus to the central nervous system (cns). viral antigen was first detected within cns capillary and venular endothelia and/or perivascular astrocytic foot processes and pericytes. the number of primary infection sites was evenly distributed throughout the neuraxis. leukocytic infiltrations followed cns endothelial cell infection by 1-2 days and were co ... | 1987 | 3434212 |
| immunosuppression by canine distemper virus: modulation of in vitro immunoglobulin synthesis, interleukin release and prostaglandin e2 production. | in vitro or in vivo infection of canine mononuclear cells by canine distemper virus (cdv) in short-term microcultures resulted in suppression of lectin-induced 3h-thymidine incorporation. this suppressive effect was also evident in pokeweed mitogen-driven in vitro immunoglobulin synthesis and release. lectin-induced interleukin-2 production by monocyte-depleted lymphocyte cultures was marginally affected by cdv, whereas interleukin-1 production by adherent mononuclear cells was significantly dep ... | 1987 | 3498254 |
| prolonged viral antigen retention in the brain of a gnotobiotic dog experimentally infected with canine distemper virus. | 1987 | 3824826 | |
| f1 polypeptides of two canine distemper virus strains: variation in the conserved n-terminal hydrophobic region. | the fusion protein of canine distemper virus was isolated by immunoadsorption from two virus strains, the rapidly growing onderstepoort strain (forming large plaques) and the convac vaccine strain (forming microplaques). the f1 subunits of the two fusion proteins were purified by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. direct amino acid sequence analysis revealed that 36-residue n-terminal regions of the proteins from the two strains are identical except at position 9, where ala in the c ... | 1987 | 3824906 |
| autologous and allogeneic antibody responses to canine distemper virus isolates from dogs with chronic neurological diseases. | we describe the antibody responses to three strains of canine distemper virus (cdv) isolated from dogs with chronic neurological disease in the los angeles area using the naturally occurring sera and cerebrospinal fluids (csfs) of these animals as probes for comparison. cdv/cde-2 was derived from a dog with chronic distemper encephalitis, and cdv/ode-8 and cdv/ode-10 were derived from dogs with old dog encephalitis. sera and csfs were used in autologous (same dog) and allogeneic (different dog) ... | 1987 | 3509673 |
| canine distemper virus: in vivo virulence of in vitro-passaged persistent virus strains. | groups of ferrets were inoculated intraperitoneally with cell lysates or equivalent doses of whole cells from 9 different cell lines persistently infected with canine distemper virus. viral persistence in these cell lines was characterized by noncytolytic infection and restricted release of cell-free infectious virus. in vivo replication competency of the various viruses in ferrets ranged from nil to virulent and did not correlate with in vitro titers of inocula. ferret virulence (cell lysates o ... | 1987 | 3826861 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the matrix protein mrna and three intergenic junctions of human parainfluenza virus type 3. | the complete sequence of the gene encoding the matrix protein (m) of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3) was determined from cdna clones and from primer extension dideoxy sequencing of the viral genome. the m mrna is 1150 nucleotides in length, exclusive of polyadenylate, and codes for a protein of 353 amino acids, having a calculated molecular weight of 39,480. the m protein of piv-3 was found to have a high degree of sequence homology with that of a closely related paramyxovirus, sendai v ... | 1987 | 3027966 |
| sequence analysis of the matrix protein gene of human parainfluenza virus type 3: extensive sequence homology among paramyxoviruses. | the sequences of the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) matrix (m) mrna [1150 nucleotides exclusive of poly(a)] and predicted m protein (353 amino acids) were determined by sequence analysis of cloned cdna and viral genomic rna. the gene-end sequence of the m gene differed from the semi-conserved gene-end sequence of the other piv3 genes by an apparent insertion of eight nucleotides. the piv3 m protein shared high sequence homology with sendai virus and moderate homology with measles virus ... | 1987 | 2883252 |
| multiple sclerosis and canine distemper on key west, florida. | 1987 | 2884509 | |
| the molecular biology of the morbillivirus (measles) group. | the morbilliviruses are a closely related group of important human and animal pathogens. the best known members of the group are measles virus in man and canine distemper virus in dogs. the group also includes two other serious animal diseases, rinderpest or cattle plague and peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats. the latter viruses are of great economic importance in africa, asia and the middle east. persistence of these viruses in some form is a possible mechanism whereby life-long imm ... | 1987 | 3332767 |
| molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the human parainfluenza 3 virus gene encoding the matrix protein. | the sequence of the matrix (m) protein gene and contiguous intergenic regions of the human parainfluenza 3 virus (pf3) was determined by molecular cloning. the encoded m protein contains 354 amino acids and has a predicted mol wt of 39,506. the m protein amino acid sequence was compared to the homologous proteins from other members of the paramyxoviridae family. the pf3 protein shared 61% homology with the sendai virus protein and approximately 35% homology with measles and canine distemper viru ... | 1987 | 3029963 |
| effects of induced thrombocytopenia on viral invasion of the central nervous system in canine distemper virus infection. | groups of canine distemper virus (cdv) susceptible ferrets were treated daily with 2.0 ml of normal goat serum (ngs) or goat anti-ferret platelet serum from 2 days before to 11 days after infection. each group was subdivided into 2 and one subgroup of each was subsequently injected intraperitoneally with virulent r252-cdv. ferrets were killed on days 2, 4, 6, 9 and 11 after infection and tissues from the central nervous system (cns) were examined for histopathological lesions typical for cdv and ... | 1987 | 3312311 |
| experimental patterns related to multiple sclerosis pathology. | in the history of experimental demyelination, allergic encephalomyelitis (eae) is the most impressive experimental demyelinating disease based on an immunological mechanism. the evolution of the neuropathological process of chronic eae is very close to that of chronic multiple sclerosis. on the other hand experimental inoculation of different viruses can induce various types of demyelination depending on the main target of the virus and the host response, this latter being conditioned by the age ... | 1987 | 3313666 |
| identification of negative strand and positive strand rna of canine distemper virus in animal tissues using single stranded rna probes. | in this report, we describe a technique for identifying negative strand (genome) and positive strand (messenger) rna of canine distemper virus (cdv) in dog tissues by using single stranded rna probes. plasmids (psp64-p and psp65-p) which contain insert dna corresponding to the p gene of cdv were transcribed by sp6 polymerase in the presence of radioisotope to produce radiolabeled single stranded rna probes. rna transcribed from psp65-p is complementary to the negative strand (genome) and rna pro ... | 1987 | 3429601 |
| eurytrema procyonis in a new york fox. | a fox infected with canine distemper virus had multiple eurytrema procyonis trematodes within the major pancreatic duct. the ductal epithelium was slightly hyperplastic and there was mild periductal fibrosis present. there was dilatation of the pancreatic duct containing the parasites. numerous eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions were present in the epithelium of multiple organs, including the pancreatic ducts. | 1987 | 3568687 |
| humoral immune response in dogs with old dog encephalitis and chromic distemper meningo-encephalitis. | the humoral immune response in sera and cerebrospinal fluids (csfs) of dogs with various forms of canine distemper virus (cdv)-induced encephalitis was assessed by immunoprecipitation of radiolabelled nucleocapsid, phosphoprotein, membrane (m), haemagglutinin and fusion proteins. sera from vaccinated dogs and hyperimmune sera contained antibodies to all the above antigens. in two cases of old dog encephalitis the sera and csfs showed a restricted response to the m protein of cdv, whilst in three ... | 1987 | 3585283 |
| comparison of proteins induced in cells infected with rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses. | the two morbilliviruses rinderpest virus (rpv) and peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) are closely related and cause severe disease in large and small ruminants, respectively. they show distinct epidemiological patterns and are distinguishable by reciprocal cross-neutralization tests. we have analysed the proteins induced by these viruses in infected cells and have shown that they can be distinguishable by a very marked difference in the apparent mol. wt. of the nucleocapsid (n) protein. the ... | 1987 | 3598564 |
| canine distemper virus-induced thrombocytopenia. | effects of canine distemper virus (cdv) infection on circulating platelet values were studied in gnotobiotic dogs inoculated with r252-cdv. thrombocytopenia (less than 200,000 platelets/microliter) was present on postinoculation day (pid) 5 and persisted through pid 15. peak thrombocytopenia occurred on pid 10 (less than 85,000 platelets/microliter). thrombocytopenia was accompanied by lymphopenia, neutropenia, and monocytopenia. platelet membrane-bound cdv antigen and igg were present from pid ... | 1987 | 3631719 |
| neuropathology and neurovirulence of canine distemper virus plaque isolates in the hamster. | the relationship between neuropathological abnormalities, antibody response and neurovirulence of plaque isolates has been studied in an experimental model of canine distemper in the hamster. genetic virus variance influenced neurovirulence and the experimental evidence supports the hypothesis that the mechanism of this effect may be through the modulating effect of circulating antibody. large plaque virus (lpv) produced severe encephalitis with little early antibody response and a high degree o ... | 1987 | 3683747 |
| oligodendroglial pathology in canine distemper virus infection in vitro. | dog brain cell cultures were infected with different canine distemper virus (cdv) strains to study the oligodendrocytes, which were characterized with eight different antibodies to cover the whole oligodendroglial population in the culture. a few weeks after infection all oligodendroglial cell types started to degenerate and disappeared from the culture. however, since no cdv protein could be demonstrated in the degenerating oligodendrocytes with extensive double-labelling studies, this lesion c ... | 1987 | 3687388 |
| demyelinating canine distemper encephalomyelitis: measurement of myelin basic protein in cerebrospinal fluid. | beagle dogs were experimentally infected with the cornell a75-17 strain of canine distemper virus. at three time points post-infection (pi), immunoreactive myelin basic protein (mbp) was measured in cerebrospinal fluid (csf). levels were correlated with neuropathological findings, interferon in csf and virus isolation from the brain. csf from animals inoculated with cornell a75-17 strain often showed detectable immunoreactive mbp late in the disease course. as anticipated from earlier morphologi ... | 1987 | 2434527 |
| demyelinating, non-demyelinating and attenuated canine distemper virus strains induce oligodendroglial cytolysis in vitro. | a virulent canine distemper virus (cdv) strain that causes demyelination in vivo has been shown to induce oligodendroglial degeneration in vitro. in order to investigate if this effect on oligodendrocytes is specific for demyelinating strains only, primary brain cell cultures were infected with either virulent demyelinating strains (a75/17 and ch84-cdv), a virulent non-demyelinating strain (sh-cdv) or a non-virulent strain (op-cdv). all virulent viruses caused a persistent type infection with mo ... | 1987 | 2440997 |
| establishment of central nervous system infection by canine distemper virus: breach of the blood-brain barrier and facilitation by antiviral antibody. | morphologic, immunologic and virologic data implicating antiviral antibody in promoting entry of canine distemper virus (cdv) into brain and reticuloendothelial tissues are reviewed. infection of central nervous system (cns) endothelium precedes invasion of virus-positive and -negative leukocytes into virchow-robin spaces and central nervous system (cns) parenchyma by 1-3 days. platelets are implicated in initiation of endothelial infection in that: cdv-infected dogs are thrombocytopenic; platel ... | 1987 | 2963430 |
| persistent infection of vero cells by paramyxoviruses. a morphological and immunoelectron microscopic investigation. | two vero cell lines persistently infected with canine distemper virus (cdv) or with both cdv and canine parainfluenza (cpi) viruses were investigated. cells in the cpi-cdv cell line were 90-100% positive for cpi antigen and exhibited 10-80% cpi hemadsorption. cytoplasmic cdv antigen expressed in both singly and dually infected monolayers varied weekly from 1 to 100%. numerous cytolytic crises were observed in both cell lines. cell replication was severely depressed in both cell lines when compar ... | 1987 | 2826361 |
| serologic survey for selected microbial pathogens of wolves in alaska, 1975-1982. | serum samples were collected from 116 wolves which were captured in southcentral alaska during 1975 through 1982. antibodies to the following infectious disease agents were found: infectious canine hepatitis virus-72 of 87 (81%), canine parvovirus type 2-0 of 55 (0%) through 1979 and 10 of 32 (31%) after 1979, francisella tularensis-16 of 67 (25%), canine distemper virus-10 of 83 (12%), coxiella burnetti-5 of 95 (5%), rabies virus-1 of 88 (1%), brucella spp.-1 of 67 (1%), leptospira interrogans- ... | 1987 | 3029442 |
| [the growth of attenuated strains of canine parvovirus, mink enteritis virus, feline panleukopenia virus, and rabies virus on various types of cell cultures]. | the growth characteristics were studied in the attenuated strains of canine parvovirus cpva-bn 80/82, mink enteritis virus meva-bn 63/82 and feline panleucopenia virus fpva-bn 110/83 on the stable feline kidney cell line fe, and in the attenuated canine distemper virus cdv-f-bn 10/83 on chicken embryo cell cultures (keb) and cultures of the stable cell line vero. when the fe cultures were infected with different parvoviruses in cell suspension at moi 2-4 tkid50 per cell, the first multiplication ... | 1987 | 2827364 |
| encephalitis in dogs associated with a batch of canine distemper (rockborn) vaccine. | during a period of seven months in 1982-83 cases of postvaccinal encephalitis were recorded in dogs in various parts of britain after the administration of a particular batch of combined distemper/hepatitis vaccine. detailed investigations of one of these cases revealed that the distemper component was responsible and the vaccine virus was recovered from the brain of an affected dog. | 1988 | 2895528 |
| serological survey for selected diseases in the endangered san joaquin kit fox (vulpes macrotis mutica). | blood from endangered san joaquin kit foxes (vulpes macrotis mutica) inhabiting the elk hills naval petroleum reserve, kern county, and the elkhorn plain, san luis obispo county, california, was collected in 1981, 1982 and 1984 and sera were tested for antibodies against 10 selected pathogens. proportions of kit fox sera containing antibodies against pathogens were: canine parvovirus, 100% in 1981-1982 and 67% in 1984; infectious canine hepatitis virus, 6% in 1981-1982 and 21% in 1984; canine di ... | 1988 | 2836636 |
| fixation procedures for retention of cellular morphologic features and for preservation of immunoreactivity of canine paramyxovirus antigens. | the effectiveness of 1% saponin at 55 c (sap), glutaraldehyde-borohydride-saponin (gbs), and modified gbs (mgbs) as fixatives for preserving cellular morphologic features, as well as antigenicity of intracellular and membrane-bound viral proteins of canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv) and canine distemper virus (cdv) was studied. use of the same fixatives for light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical examination also was investigated. by light microscopy, cdv inclusions were readily detect ... | 1988 | 2837114 |
| [changes in cellular microfilaments in viral infection]. | the effect of disorders in actin microfilament polymerization by cytochalasin b (cb) on the development of cytopathic changes was studied in two models. cb in concentrations of 0.1-1.0 microgram/ml enhanced 3-5-fold the formation of symplasts in a line of kidney cells from green monkey 4647 infected with carnivore distemper virus and inhibited this process in higher concentrations (2.5-5.0 micrograms/ml). the addition of cb in concentrations 5-10 micrograms/ml into the medium of a line of chines ... | 1988 | 2854678 |
| parainfluenza virus type 2 haemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein characterized with monoclonal antibodies. | thirteen monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were prepared against human parainfluenza virus type 2 (piv2). these mabs reacted with the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein with an mr of 84k. the mabs defined one antigenic site which could be divided into five epitopes. a correlation between haemagglutination inhibition (hi) and neutralization activity could be seen although one mab, which recognized a distinct epitope, showed neutralization and no hi activity to piv2. the reactivity of the mabs w ... | 1988 | 2451708 |
| patterns of the morbillivirus immunity in some residents from high-risk areas for multiple sclerosis. | 1988 | 3253922 | |
| hyperinsulinemia induced by canine distemper virus infection of mice and its correlation with the appearance of obesity. | 1. weanling swiss mice surviving an acute infection with canine distemper virus were persistently infected. among these mice, up to 30% had hyperinsulinemia and this was followed by an obesity syndrome. 2. analysis of the lipid composition of various organs revealed that compared to control animals, the obese had an accumulation of triglycerides in both liver and adipose tissue. 3. studies on the lipid metabolism using a number of radioactive lipid precursors showed a specific accumulation of th ... | 1988 | 3224507 |
| identification of virus causing recent seal deaths. | 1988 | 3412456 | |
| species jump may be responsible for seals' virus infection. | 1988 | 3412457 | |
| characterization of canine distemper viruses adapted to human neural cells. | the biochemical characteristics of canine distemper virus (cdv) adapted to three human neural cells (glioblastoma, oligodendroglioma, and neuroblastoma cells) were compared with those of the unadapted original virus. the specific gravity of the virions and nucleocapsids of the original and the three adapted viruses were not different. the molecular weights of genomic rna and messenger rnas encoding h, f, p, and np proteins of the adapted viruses as estimated by northern blot hybridization were s ... | 1988 | 3237121 |
| reversion of neurovirulence and in vitro phenotype of neural cell-adapted canine distemper virus after passage in non-neural cells. | the stability of neurovirulence and in vitro phenotypes of canine distemper viruses adapted to neural cells was examined. neurovirulence was estimated by the morbidity, mortality, and histopathological changes in the central nervous system of mice. after a single passage of the adapted viruses in vero cells in which the unadapted virus had been passed, the neurovirulence of glioblastoma-adapted and oligodendroglioma-adapted viruses reverted completely to that of the unadapted virus. however, the ... | 1988 | 3237124 |
| [the level of antibodies against the canine morbilli virus--a possible "marker" for areas with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis]. | 1988 | 3249896 | |
| immunization of arctic foxes (alopex lagopus) with oral rabies vaccine. | arctic foxes (alopex lagopus) were successfully immunized against rabies using an orally-administered, liquid sad-bhk21 live virus vaccine in a sausage bait. immunization was determined by serologic response and by resistance to challenge with an arctic rabies virus strain. virus was not shed in saliva following oral vaccination, indicating that arctic foxes would not infect other foxes after ingesting this vaccine. high antibody levels were present in all experimental foxes 2 wk following initi ... | 1988 | 3045347 |
| cloning of the fusion gene of rinderpest virus: comparative sequence analysis with other morbilliviruses. | we have cloned the cdna of the fusion (f) gene of the virulent (kabete o) strain of rinderpest virus and provided a comparative analysis of its sequence with that of the f genes of measles and distemper viruses. the gene has an open reading frame of 2241 nucleotides with two potential initiation codons in-frame. use of the first atg would produce a polypeptide 747 amino acids long with a calculated molecular weight of 81,068. however, we suggest that the second atg is used to generate the fo pro ... | 1988 | 3413983 |
| confirmation of cause of recent seal deaths. | 1988 | 3419516 | |
| canine distemper virus in seals. | 1988 | 3419515 | |
| [an outbreak of distemper among seals (i)]. | the cause of a recent outbreak of a serious disease of seals in the north and baltic seas, in which so far, over 9000 of the population of 16,000 animals have died, was investigated. three viruses have been considered as the possible causative agents: a herpesvirus, a picornavirus and canine distemper virus. it was concluded mainly on the basis of serological data that canine distemper virus was the primary cause of the outbreak. the role of other factors on the extent and the severity of the ou ... | 1988 | 3176004 |