Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| methods for detection and frequency of contamination of fetal calf serum with bovine viral diarrhea virus and antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus. | methods used by the national animal disease center to test fetal calf serum for contamination with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and antibodies against bvdv are described. using those methods, virus was isolated from 332 of 1,608 (20.6%) lots of raw fetal calf serum obtained specifically for the center and 93 of 190 (49%) lots of commercially available fetal calf serum. virus neutralization and immunoperoxidase staining tests were used to detect antibodies against bvdv in 224 of the 1,608 ( ... | 1991 | 1655059 |
| hepatitis c virus: buoyant density of the factor viii-derived isolate in sucrose. | physicochemical and molecular characterization studies of hepatitis c virus (hcv), the major causative agent of parenterally transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis (pt-nanbh), strongly suggest that it is a pesti-/flavivirus-like virus. additional studies show that the buoyant density of plasma-derived hcv in sucrose is significantly lower than that of most tissue culture-derived flaviviruses (1.20 g/cm3). our finding suggests, but does not prove, that at least one physicochemical property of hcv is ... | 1991 | 1655970 |
| serologic survey for selected microbial pathogens in bison from kansas. | a serologic survey was conducted on an american bison (bison bison) herd in kansas for antibodies against brucella spp., leptospira interrogans serovar canicola, pomona, grippotyphosa, icterohaemorrhagiae, and hardjo, anaplasma spp., bluetongue virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus. there was an increase in prevalence of bluetongue antibodies from 38% in 1987 to 100% in 1989 in animals greater than or equal to 24-mo-old. prevalences of antibodies against ... | 1991 | 1656107 |
| [bovine virus diarrhea virus infections in swine]. | since 1976 nineteen naturally occurring and eight experimentally induced incidents of congenital bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) infections were detected in routine laboratory diagnosis of swine fever. in nearly all naturally occurring cases, the disease was limited to one litter only. clinical signs of disease and gross pathological lesions resembled those of chronic swine fever. nearly all piglets born infected with the disease died within four months of birth. one pig remained persistentl ... | 1991 | 1656546 |
| detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus, using degenerate oligonucleotide primers and the polymerase chain reaction. | a technique for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) from circulating blood leukocytes, using the polymerase chain reaction, is described. the published nucleotide sequences of 2 strains of bvdv and that of hog cholera virus were aligned and the information was used to design oligonucleotides coding for 2 regions of amino acid homology. the oligonucleotides were a mixed population including all possible codons for the conserved amino acids. these degenerate oligonucleotides were used ... | 1991 | 1656820 |
| monitoring bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccines for adventitious virus, using t1 ribonuclease viral rna oligonucleotide fingerprinting. | viral rna oligonucleotide fingerprinting was used to discriminate 3 cytopathic vaccine bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) grown in medium supplemented with serum contaminated with noncytopathic bvdv from the same 3 viruses grown in cell culture free of bvdv. oligonucleotide fingerprinting also effectively discriminated between reference singer bvdv, nadl bvdv, and new york-1 bvdv grown in bvdv-free noncontaminated or bvdv-contaminated cell cultures. oligonucleotide fingerprint mapping of viral ... | 1991 | 1656821 |
| specific sequence amplification of bovine virus diarrhea virus (bvdv) and hog cholera virus and sequencing of bvdv nucleic acid. | the pestiviruses are small enveloped rna viruses and are causative agents of economically important animal diseases in cattle, swine, sheep and goats worldwide. we used the polymerase chain reaction to amplify one common fragment of several different strains of both hog cholera virus and bovine virus diarrhea virus (bvdv). the fragment is located at the 5'-end of the genome immediately upstream of the open reading frame. this is a highly conserved region among the different published pestivirus ... | 1991 | 1659027 |
| bovine viral diarrhoea virus-specific bovine monoclonal antibody. | a bovine monoclonal antibody specific for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) recognized all the reference strains of bvdv and over 90% of the field isolates tested. it neutralized the virus and precipitated a 56 k-58 k viral protein. | 1991 | 1662040 |
| protective effect of an iscom bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) vaccine against an experimental bvdv infection in vaccinated and non-vaccinated pregnant ewes. | fifteen pregnant ewes were vaccinated twice with an experimental immunostimulating complex (iscom) subunit vaccine designed to contain the envelope proteins of a danish cytopathic bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv). the serological responses were measured in elisa and virus neutralization (vn) tests. all iscom-vaccinated ewes developed high vn antibody titres to bvdv in contrast to the 14 non-vaccinated ewes. both groups of ewes were challenged parenterally when 48-65 days pregnant with a swedi ... | 1991 | 1663302 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus proteins: relatedness of p175 with p80 and p125 and evidence of glycoprotein processing. | three monoclonal antibodies, which recognized two nonoverlapping antigenic domains and were reactive to the bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) p80 protein, were found to cross react with the p125 protein of both cytopathic and noncytopathic bvdvs and a molecular weight 175,000 bvdv protein (p175). results from limited proteolysis and chemical cleavage experiments confirmed the relatedness of these three proteins. in pulse-chase experiments it was apparent that p175 was a transient protein, as it ... | 1991 | 1663821 |
| calf from a persistently infected heifer born after embryo transfer with normal immunity to bvdv. | 1991 | 1664160 | |
| hybridization analysis of genomic variability among isolates of bovine viral diarrhoea virus using cdna probes. | genomic variability among 28 cytopathic and 37 non-cytopathic isolates of bvdv was evaluated using hybridization analysis. total rna, isolated from cell cultures infected with bvdv, was probed with each of three plasmids containing cdna derived from the cytopathic bvdv-nadl isolate. the three cdna plasmid probes represented about 40% of the bvdv-nadl genome. the probes originated from the 5' end of the viral genome, the region of the genome coding for the p80 polypeptide and the 3' end of the ge ... | 1991 | 1665207 |
| viral contamination of fetal bovine serum used for tissue culture: risks and concerns. | four viral contaminants have been routinely detected in unprocessed and commercial lots of fetal bovine serum: bacteriophage, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3 and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). of those, bvdv is consistently present in a majority of commercial lots of fetal bovine serum. methods for bvdv detection and removal are reviewed. the tentative role of an unclassified pestivirus in microcephaly of infants has been reported. its significance remains uncertain. | 1991 | 1665460 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus contamination of nutrient serum, cell cultures and viral vaccines. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection is common in the bovine population. infection in utero leads to virus and antibody contamination of the fetal bovine serum used in cell cultures. these contaminants can interfere with diagnosis of viral infection. the high frequency of virus and antibody detection in individual animal or small pool samples suggests that any large pool of unscreened sera will be contaminated. infection of cell cultures with bvdv can lead to interference with the growth ... | 1991 | 1665461 |
| clinical, post mortem and virological findings after simultaneous inoculation of pigs with hog cholera and bovine viral diarrhoea virus. | the clinical course, post mortem lesions as well as virological and serological results after simultaneous intranasal inoculation of pigs with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and hog cholera virus (hcv) are described. five groups of four weaners received constant doses of bvdv strain osloss/2482 and tenfold decreasing doses of hcv strain alfort/187. doses of 1,000 and 100 tcid50 of hcv in groups a and b of pigs led to fever and severe clinical signs in all animals of two groups, whereas at h ... | 1991 | 1665632 |
| bovine coronavirus as the causative agent of winter dysentery: serological evidence. | sera from 9 dairy herds with epizootic enteritis (winter dysentery) were examined for antibodies to bovine coronavirus (bcv) and bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv). cows in 8 of the 9 herds seroconverted to bcv alone, while the animals in the ninth herd, which showed severe symptoms of the disease, seroconverted both to bcv and bvdv. the bcv antibodies, which were present in high titres 1 year postinfection, were transferred to the offspring via the colostrum and were then detectable in sera of ... | 1991 | 1666489 |
| a monoclonal elisa for bovine viral diarrhoea pestivirus antigen detection in persistently infected cattle. | detection of cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) is crucial to controlling mucosal disease. a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using monoclonal antibodies raised against the 48-kda glycoprotein and the 120/80-kda protein was developed for detecting antigens in leucocytes of 3 persistently bvdv-infected calves. the test is simple, sensitive and rapid. moreover the same elisa was able to recognise belgian field isolates of bvdv. these results sho ... | 1991 | 1667787 |
| development of pneumonia in desert bighorn sheep after exposure to a flock of exotic wild and domestic sheep. | from 1986 to 1989, 5 desert bighorn sheep (3 ovis canadensis mexicana and 2 o c nelsoni), ranging in age from 2 to 3 years, were exposed to a flock of exotic wild and domestic sheep to potentially achieve naturally acquired pneumonia. pasteurella multocida was isolated from nasal samples from 4 of 6 sheep randomly sampled from the flock. bighorn sheep were exposed individually and each exposure period was a trial. treatment before and after exposure varied and included combinations of alpha inte ... | 1991 | 2032914 |
| molecular characterization of hog cholera virus. | an efficient tissue culture system was established which allowed to obtain substantial quantities of hog cholera virus (hcv) from the cell free tissue culture supernatant. after preparation of viral rna and cdna synthesis, the complete hcv genome was cloned and sequenced. comparison with published bvdv sequences revealed a surprisingly high homology between hcv and bvdv at both the nucleotide and the amino acid level. in addition host cellular sequences were identified in bvdv genomes. the genom ... | 1991 | 9210921 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus genomic organization. | in previous work, we developed a preliminary description of the genetic organization of the prototypic pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). in order to refine this genetic map and to further elucidate the gene products and expression strategy of this virus, we have generated a broad panel of sequence-specific antibody reagents. use of these reagents not only allowed the identification of several previously undescribed viral polypeptides, but when used in in vivo pulse-chase experiments ... | 1991 | 9210922 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus proteins and their antigenic analyses. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) polypeptides present in infected cells are the result of the processing of the polyprotein translated from the large single open reading frame of the bvdv genomic rna. the presence of these proteins in infected cells was studied by radiolabeling under hypertonic conditions and with the aid of radioimmunoprecipitation. the genomic mapping of these polypeptides suggests a complex pattern of processing which involves cellular and viral proteases. the consistent ab ... | 1991 | 9210923 |
| correlation of bovine viral diarrhoea virus induced cytopathic effects with expression of a biotype-specific marker. | the purpose of this study was the identification antigenic differences between cytopathic (cp) and noncytopathic (ncp) bovine viral diarrhoea viruses (bvdv). cells infected with 19 strains of each viral biotype were analyzed for reactivity with the monoclonal antibody (mab) bvd/c38. reactivity was examined using an enzyme immunoassay on fixed infected monolayers of fetal calf kidney cells. in the majority of cases, the mab discriminated between cells infected with each of the two viral biotypes. ... | 1991 | 9210926 |
| diaplacental infections with ruminant pestiviruses. | pestiviruses are capable of causing diaplacental infections. maternal viremias are important for localizing virus in the ruminant placentome. placental lesions occur with cytopathic bvdv and noncytopathic bdv. the ruminant fetus is very susceptible to pestivirus infections once the virus crosses the placenta because the fetus is 1) agammaglobulinemic, 2) immunologically immature, and 3) it has many immature organ systems with undifferentiated cells. cytopathic bvdv (nadl) in calves and noncytopa ... | 1991 | 9210928 |
| the pathways for bovine virus diarrhoea virus biotypes in the pathogenesis of disease. | bvdv infections of cattle ranges from the transient acute infections, which may be inapparent or mild, to mucosal disease which is inevitably fatal. on occasions the acute infections can lead to clinical episodes of diarrhoea an agalactia but as these syndromes cannot be reproduced experimentally, the pathogenesis remains unclear. the immunosuppressive effect of acute bvdv infections can enhance the clinical disease of other pathogens and this may be an important part of the calf respiratory dis ... | 1991 | 9210929 |
| a study of some pathogenetic aspects of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection. | the cytopathic (cp) strain tvm-2 of bovine virus diarrhea virus (bvdv) induced in calves a severe disease, whereas the calves inoculated with the non-cytopathic (ncp) new york-1 strain, remained clinically normal. when calves were immunosuppressed with dexamethasone (dms) they underwent an overt, generally fatal disease. this result was obtained with either the cp and the ncp strain of bvdv. it was speculated that the immunosuppressive activity of bvdv could be a property peculiar to certain iso ... | 1991 | 9210931 |
| distribution of antigen of noncytopathogenic and cytopathogenic bovine virus diarrhea virus biotypes in the intestinal tract of calves following experimental production of mucosal disease. | mucosal disease can be experimentally induced by inoculating calves persistently viremic with noncytopathogenic (ncp) bovine virus diarrhea virus (bvdv) with an antigenetically closely related cytopathogenic (cp) bvdv strain. calves suffering from mucosal disease develop severe intestinal lesions causing breakdown of the gastrointestinal barrier and death. knowledge about tissue distribution of ncp/cp biotypes of bvdv may contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of these lesions. dist ... | 1991 | 9210932 |
| clinical and virological observations of a mucosal disease outbreak with persistently-infected seropositive survivors. | a group of 14 four to nine month old calves, clinically healthy but persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv), was obtained from a single farm, and reared as a group. ten of them were male and were castrated soon after arrival. signs of mucosal disease (md) developed within a month and eight of the males had died or been killed on humane grounds by 2 months after purchase. the other two males and one of the females developed more chronic but progressive signs of md and were ... | 1991 | 9210933 |
| insertion of cellular sequences in the genome of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | the genomic sequences of four pestiviruses, two bvdv strains (osloss and nadl, both of which are cytopathogenic) and two hcv strains, were analyzed. comparative studies revealed the presence of small insertions of cellular sequences in the genomes of both bvdv strains; the insertions are located in a region coding for a nonstructural protein. such insertions are not present in the hcv sequences. the insertion identified in bvdv osloss encodes a complete ubiquitin-like element. the sequence inser ... | 1991 | 9210934 |
| congenital curly haircoat as a symptom of persistent infection with bovine virus diarrhoea virus in calves. | ten calves were born small and with a curly haircoat in a dairy herd which comprised approximately 185 milking animals. these calves commonly developed diarrhoea and/or signs of respiratory disease at the age of 2 to 4 weeks. two of the calves died and 5 were chronically ill and poor doers and were therefore euthanized. this susceptibility to disease of the curly haired calves was quite different from what was observed among other calves in the herd. sera from seven of the curly haired calves we ... | 1991 | 9210935 |
| identification and production of pestivirus proteins for diagnostic and vaccination purposes. | using a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) previously characterized by seroneutralization, immunofluorescence and radioimmunoprecipitation, we have identified pestivirus proteins useful for diagnostic purposes from the cytopathic osloss isolate of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). proteins that should be useful for vaccination have also been analysed. cell-free translation of rna from glycoprotein-coding cdna fragments produced, when synthesized in the presence of canine pancreatic microsom ... | 1991 | 9210936 |
| surveillance of cattle herds for bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv)-infection using data on reproduction and calf mortality. | the effect of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv)-infection on pregnancy rate, on stillbirths and mortality of neonatal calves and the size of newborn calves was evaluated in 8 herds in which persistently infected (pi)-animals had been identified. data from 9 herds without pi-animals were used as controls. at the time of conception of the oldest pi-animal a significant drop in pregnancy rate to about half the herd average was found. about 6 months later a 3-fold rise in calf mortality was seen. ... | 1991 | 9210937 |
| identification of cattle infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus using a monoclonal antibody capture elisa. | a monoclonal antibody capture enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) has been developed to detect pestivirus-specific antigen in the leucocytes of cattle infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv). a blind trial was conducted to compare the specificity of the elisa with conventional tissue culture virus isolation on 215 blood samples submitted for bvdv diagnosis from cattle throughout scotland. one hundred and sixty seven samples were negative by both elisa and virus isolation and 47 s ... | 1991 | 9210938 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus infection: rapid diagnosis by the polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was applied to detect bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) by amplification of its nucleic acid sequences in cell cultures, in serum samples of persistently infected cattle, and in organ specimens of acutely diseased calves. the primers and the probes were selected from the gp48 region of the cytopathic nadl strain. the products of single pcr or double pcr were identified by electrophoresis as well as by hybridization with biotinylated probes. the results thus o ... | 1991 | 9210940 |
| cdna probes for the detection of pestiviruses. | probes were prepared from genomic rna of hog cholera virus (hcv) after synthesis of cdna and cloning. six probes were selected according to their place on the viral genome determined by sequencing and comparison with bvdv sequence. these probes were hybridized with two strains of hcv (alfort and nord), two strains of bovine viral diarrhea (bvdv) (nadl, new york) and four strains of border disease (bd) (lyon 1, lyon 2, aveyron, iemvt). this panel of six probes seem to be able to differentiate pes ... | 1991 | 9210941 |
| detection of persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus infections by dna hybridization and polymerase chain reaction assay. | the detection of persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infections in cattle by dna dot blot hybridization was done with a cloned cdna probe prepared from noncytopathic bvdv (strain ny-1). due to the variability of specific hybridization results, detection of bvdv by primer-directed polymerase chain amplification was done. primers were chosen within a reported area of sequence conservation and amino acid homology of pestiviruses. the amplification region extended from nucleotide 6322 to 7 ... | 1991 | 9210942 |
| differentiation of pestiviruses by a hog cholera virus-specific genetic probe. | a hog cholera virus (hcv)-specific genetic probe has been generated after cloning of the genomic viral rna. this probe distinguished between hcv and the closely related bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv). furthermore, it detected a broad spectrum of hcv strains and isolates which differ in their phenotype such as virulence. | 1991 | 9210943 |
| immunological reactivity of bovine viral diarrhea virus proteins after proteolytic treatment. | the immunological reactivity of bovine viral diarrhea virus proteins after proteolytic treatment is described. the results indicate that the epitopes detected are very dependent on conformation of the protein. a partially protease resistant 22 kd fragment of the biotype-specific p80 is identified. | 1991 | 9210945 |
| production of monoclonal antibodies to study the molecular biology of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | five monoclonal antibodies produced against bovine viral diarrhea virus were characterized for some of their biological activities. all of them bound to varying degrees to pestivirus strains but failed to neutralize the virus. one of the antibodies immunoprecipitated four polypeptides presumably involved in viral envelope organization. | 1991 | 9210947 |
| determination of level of antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) in bulk tank milk as a tool in the diagnosis and prophylaxis of bvdv infections in dairy herds. | an indirect elisa has been evaluated for determination of the level of antibodies to bvdv in individual milk samples and recently in bulk tank milk from dairy herds. as part of an epidemiological study, bulk milk and individual milk samples from all cows in 15 dairy herds were analysed for antibodies to bvdv two times one year apart. there was an excellent correlation between the level of antibodies in the bulk tank milk and the prevalence of bvdv antibody positive cows. the mean prevalence of b ... | 1991 | 9210948 |
| application of the polymerase chain reaction to the detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus infections in cattle. | we used the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique to detect bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infections in cattle. of 120 cattle screened in this study, 29 were scored positive for bvdv with both pcr and conventional virus isolation. ninety cattle were negative in both assays. one cow was scored positive for bvdv with the pcr but was negative with virus isolation. in dilution experiments pcr analysis was at least 10 times more sensitive than bvdv isolation. | 1992 | 1311133 |
| monoclonal antibody-based immunohistochemical detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. | thirty-two monoclonal antibodies directed against epitopes on bovine viral diarrhea virus proteins and glycoproteins were tested for immunohistochemical reactivity with bovine viral diarrhea virus in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues from 45 cases of bovine viral diarrhea virus-associated mucosal disease. only one antibody, designated 15c5, which reacts with the 48-kd glycoprotein of bovine viral diarrhea virus, detected an epitope preserved in these specimens. monoclonal antibody 15c ... | 1992 | 1313612 |
| virus safety of human immunoglobulins: efficient inactivation of hepatitis c and other human pathogenic viruses by the manufacturing procedure. | human immunoglobulins are plasma derivatives with a low risk of transmitting viral infections. to the present, no proven case of human immunoglobulins transmitting human immunodeficiency viruses has been reported. however, there have been a few reports on the transmission of hepatitis c virus by these plasma proteins. to improve further the safety of both 5s iv human immunoglobulins and 7s im immunoglobulins, we introduced a 10-hour heat treatment of the aqueous solutions at 60 degrees c (i.e., ... | 1992 | 1314286 |
| in vitro inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase metabolite, leukotriene b4, in bovine mononuclear cells by bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus inhibited phytohemagglutinin (pha)-, pha plus phorbol-12-myristate-13 acetate (pma)- or pha plus calcium ionophore (a23187)-stimulated bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cell (pbmc) proliferation. further, bvd-virus inhibited a23187-stimulated leukotriene b4 (ltb4) synthesis into the culture supernatants. presence of exogenous ltb4 failed to reverse the bvd virus-induced immunosuppression. our results suggest that bvd virus-induced immunosuppression is due to a ... | 1992 | 1315086 |
| a short incubation serum neutralization test for bovine viral diarrhea virus. | a three day serum neutralization (sn) test for the detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), which is an improvement on the existing five day test, is described. the improved test results in a more rapid viral cytopathic effect and utilizes madin darby kidney (mdbk) cells, and horse serum as a medium supplement. a comparison of tests utilizing the nadl and the singer strains of bvdv and the use of either secondary bovine kidney cells with calf serum (bkcs) or continuous mdbk ... | 1992 | 1317246 |
| analysis of the bovine viral diarrhea virus genome for possible cellular insertions. | mucosal disease is the most severe disease resulting from bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection in cattle. two biotypes of bvdv may be isolated from animals with mucosal disease: cytopathic (cp) and noncytopathic (ncp). these "pairs" of cp/ncp viruses are often closely related and it has been suggested that the cp virus arises from a ncp virus by insertion of cellular rna in the p125 region of the bvdv genome. we have used four pairs of cp/ncp bvdv isolated from cattle with mucosal diseas ... | 1992 | 1318605 |
| baculovirus expression of pestivirus non-structural proteins. | bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) belongs to the pestivirus group, a genus within the flaviviridae family. it possesses a positive-sense ssrna genome with a single large open reading frame (orf) encoding about 4000 amino acids. here we report the continuation of our studies of pestivirus protein biogenesis, involving expression from the viral non-structural protein-encoding region. the 3'-terminal 60% of the bvdv orf was cloned into a plasmid transfer vector which was then used to construct a ... | 1992 | 1321220 |
| nucleotide sequencing of 5' and 3' termini of bovine viral diarrhea virus by rna ligation and pcr. | genomic rna was extracted from cytopathic (cp) bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) strain nadl, cp strain 72, and noncytopathic (ncp) strain sd-1 purified by ultracentrifugation. assuming the presence of a cap structure, de-blocking of the 5' capped end of the genomic rna was done by treatment with tobacco acid pyrophosphatase (tap). following decapping, the rna molecules were ligated using t4 rna ligase and the ligated tandem rna templates were then amplified by primer-directed amplification (pc ... | 1992 | 1322931 |
| bovine virus diarrhoea virus induces in vitro a proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cattle immunized by infection. | the ability of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) to mount a proliferative response to bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) in vitro was examined. after culturing pbmc in the presence of a non-cytopathic strain of bvdv for 6 days, the magnitude of pbmc proliferation was measured as incorporation of radiolabelled thymidine, present during the last 18 h. live, but not heat-inactivated, bvdv evoked a proliferative response of pbmc obtained from cattle seropositive to the virus. however ... | 1992 | 1323165 |
| genetic diversity and bvd virus. | the various measures of genetic variation of bvd virus was reviewed with emphasis on the implications for future control of virus-induced disease and diagnosis. while experimental data does not support unique serotypes for bvdv, there is substantial antigenic variation among the isolates examined. this variation may permit fetal infections even in animals assumed to be well vaccinated. the genetic differences between cytopathic and noncytopathic strains of bvdv are expressed in infected cells by ... | 1992 | 1325330 |
| an experimental contribution to the study of the pathogenesis of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection. | this presentation summarizes the results of a study on the pathogenesis of bovine viral diarrhea (bvdv) infection. the cytopathic (cp) strain tvm-2 of bvdv induced in calves an overt clinical disease which is usually recorded as the acute primary bvdv infection observed under natural conditions. in contrast the non-cytopathic (ncp) strain new york-1 of bvdv did not cause any significant signs of disease. however, when the calves were immunosuppressed by treatment with dexamethasone (dms) the bio ... | 1992 | 1325331 |
| identification and eradication of bovine viral diarrhea virus in a persistently infected dairy herd. | a milking herd consisting of 55 holstein cows had experienced abortions in several cows, as well as congenital malformations in 1 newborn calf. bovine viral diarrhea virus was isolated from blood mononuclear cell samples obtained from several cattle, documenting 1 acute infection and 8 persistently infected carriers identified by clinical appearance and laboratory testing. initial suspicion of persistently infected status in some, but not all animals, was facilitated by poor growth rates in some ... | 1992 | 1325426 |
| secondary structure of the 5' nontranslated regions of hepatitis c virus and pestivirus genomic rnas. | the rna genomes of human hepatitis c virus (hcv) and the animal pestiviruses responsible for bovine viral diarrhea (bvdv) and hog cholera (hchv) have relatively lengthy 5' nontranslated regions (5'ntrs) sharing short segments of conserved primary nucleotide sequence. the functions of these 5'ntrs are poorly understood. by comparative sequence analysis and thermodynamic modeling of the 5'ntrs of multiple bvdv and hchv strains, we developed models of the secondary structures of these rnas. these p ... | 1992 | 1329037 |
| rearrangement of viral sequences in cytopathogenic pestiviruses. | two cytopathogenic isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus (cpbvdv) have been analyzed. for both viruses two regions of their genomic rnas were found to be duplicated and rearranged. the viral genomes contain a small duplicated element (sd) derived from the genomic 5' end far downstream of its original context. this sequence is followed by a larger duplication which encompasses the region coding for the protein p80(ld), a molecular marker for cpbvdv. the sd element codes for the viral protease p ... | 1992 | 1329326 |
| effects in calves of mixed infections with bovine viral diarrhea virus and several other bovine viruses. | the objective of this study was to verify whether a mixed infection in calves with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and other bovine viruses, such as bovid herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4), parainfluenza-3 (pi-3) and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) virus, would influence the pathogenesis of the bvdv infection sufficiently to result in the typical form of mucosal disease being produced. accordingly, two experiments were undertaken. in one experiment calves were first infected with bvdv and subsequ ... | 1992 | 1330424 |
| epidemiological evaluation of a monoclonal elisa detecting bovine viral diarrhoea pestivirus antigens in field blood samples of persistently infected cattle. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), using monoclonal antibodies for capture and detection, was developed for detecting bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) antigens in blood samples. the test was evaluated using 761 field samples of known status (viraemic or not). when an appropriate cut-off value was chosen, the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the assay were 100%, higher than the values obtained by classical virus isolation. correlation with the latter technique exce ... | 1992 | 1331162 |
| molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of a pestivirus genome, noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus strain sd-1. | genomic rna of noncytopathic (ncp) bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) strain sd-1 was extracted directly from serum obtained from a persistently infected animal. cdna was synthesized and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) before cloning. the complete genomic nucleotide sequence was determined by sequencing at least two different clones from independent pcr reactions. the 5' and 3' end sequences of the sd-1 genome was determined from 5'-3' ligation clones. the complete genome sequence w ... | 1992 | 1333126 |
| recombinant polypeptide from the gp48 region of the bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) detects serum antibodies in vaccinated and infected cattle. | to characterize the immune response of cattle to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) glycoprotein gp48, we have produced a large amount of recombinant glutathione-s-transferase-gp48 (gst-gp48) fusion protein in escherichia coli. antibodies to gp48 were present in cattle vaccinated with killed or modified-live virus vaccination, or following natural infection. these results were in agreement with results of serum neutralization (sn) test which detected gp53 of bvdv. | 1992 | 1333674 |
| diabetes mellitus in cattle infected with bovine viral diarrhea mucosal disease virus. | four japanese black cattle and four holstein-friesian cows were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. based on intravenous glucose tolerance tests, all these animals were believed to be insulin-dependent diabetics. moreover, bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease (bvd-md) virus was isolated and mucosal lesions and diarrhea were recognized in all cases. there was no genetic relation among the affected cattle. the breeding places of these cattle were different to each other. therefore, it is suggested ... | 1992 | 1333690 |
| viral agents and associated lesions detected in a 10-year study of bovine abortions and stillbirths. | in a 10-year survey started in 1980, specimens from 8,995 bovine abortions and stillbirths were submitted to the south dakota animal disease research and diagnostic laboratory. of these, 8,962 were suitable for some type of examination. viruses were associated with 948 (10.58%). bovine herpesvirus-1 (ibr) was detected in 485 (5.41%), and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) was detected in 407 (4.54%). in 1 year of the survey, bvdv was detected in 8/32 fetuses that had lesions of passive congestio ... | 1992 | 1333814 |
| distribution of bovine virus diarrhoea viral antigens in the central nervous system of cattle with various congenital manifestations. | distribution of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) antigens in the central nervous system (cns) of 26 cattle persistently bvdv infected, 11 cattle with mucosal disease (md), and 32 calves with congenital brain malformations was studied using monoclonal antibodies against bvdv epitopes. in persistently infected cattle and in cattle with md, a widespread infection of neurons was present. predilection sites for bvdv antigens were the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus. in calves with congenital e ... | 1992 | 1334302 |
| serological analysis of a small herd sample to predict presence or absence of animals persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) in dairy herds. | in 10 herds containing animals persistently infected (pi) with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and nine herds without such animals the probabilities of obtaining at least two antibody-positive animals in a test sample of three or five animals selected among animals six to 18 months old were calculated. among herds with pi animals these probabilities, with the exception of one herd, varied between 0.725 and 0.992 when samples of three animals were tested and between 0.977 and one when samples ... | 1992 | 1334566 |
| differences in virulence between two noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea viruses in calves. | a noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bvdv-890, isolated from a yearling heifer that died with extensive internal hemorrhages, was compared for virulence in calves with noncytopathic bvdv-tgan, isolated from an apparently healthy persistently infected calf. after challenge exposure with bvdv-890, nonimmune calves (n = 7) developed fever > 40 c, diarrhea, leukopenia, lymphopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. most calves (n = 6) died or were euthanatized by 19 days after challe ... | 1992 | 1334641 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus-specific neutralizing antibodies induced by anti-idiotypic antibodies. | two murine neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs), 4d8 and 6d11, recognizing epitopes on gp53, a surface glycoprotein of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), were used to generate anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-ids) in a calf. the polyclonal anti-ids were isolated from serum by affinity chromatography on their respective ab-1-sepharose columns, followed by repeated adsorption on isotype-matched antibody-sepharose columns. the anti-ids reacted specifically with their respective ab-1, but not w ... | 1992 | 1335258 |
| a novel subunit iscom vaccine against bovine virus diarrhoea virus. | the preparation and preliminary testing of a subunit iscom (immunostimulating complex) vaccine against bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) is described. vaccination of calves with this vaccine yields high neutralising titres against a panel of danish bvdv field isolates. the serological difference between virus isolates and vaccine strain selection is discussed. | 1992 | 1335308 |
| thermal and ph stability of pestiviruses. | three strains/isolates of hog cholera virus (hcv) and two strains/isolates each of cytopathogenic (cp) and non-cytopathogenic (ncp) biotype of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) were each exposed to ph 3, 3.5 and 4 at 4 degrees c, 21 degrees c and 37 degrees c in a number of combinations. infectivity titration and half-life determinations following correlation and regression analysis showed a significant temperature-dependent shortening of half-lives within the ph range investigated. at ph 3, m ... | 1992 | 1335310 |
| serological titers to bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine viral diarrhea virus, parainfluenza 3 virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus and pasteurella haemolytica in feedlot calves with respiratory disease: associations with bacteriological and pulmonary cytological variables. | acute and convalescent serum samples were taken from 59 calves with signs of respiratory disease (cases) and 60 clinically normal animals (controls) during their first month in the feedlot. sera were analyzed for antibodies to bovine parainfluenza 3 (pi3) virus by hemagglutination inhibition, to bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus, bovine respiratory syncytial (brs) virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) by virus neutralization, and to pasteurella haemolytica by indirect agglutination (phia) and cy ... | 1992 | 1335831 |
| infection of ovine fetal brain cell cultures with cytopathogenic and non-cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhoea virus. | the in vitro cell tropism of non-cytopathogenic (ncp) and cytopathogenic (cp) bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) was studied in primary dissociated brain cell cultures derived from ovine fetuses of different gestational ages. the cell types infected were identified by double immunofluorescence using antibodies against bvdv and cell type-specific markers. in cultures infected with ncp bvdv viral antigen was present in neurofilament (nf 200 kda)-positive neurons, glial fibrillary acidic protein ( ... | 1992 | 1336242 |
| epitope mapping of the gp53 envelope protein of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | epitopes recognized by nine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) on the envelope protein, gp53, of two strains of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (nadl and oregon c24v) were mapped by competitive binding assays and by the characterization and sequence analyses of mab neutralization escape mutants. this defined an antigenic domain on gp53 that was shared by many bvdv strains, while other less conserved epitopes were possibly distinct. sequencing of escape mutant viruses revealed that a cluster of three amin ... | 1992 | 1381537 |
| [viral agents as the cause of reproductive disorders in cattle and available vaccines]. | after a review on the viral agents playing a role in diseases of cattle those related to the occurrence in the genital tract are described. they may be causing abortion or local reactions leading to a reduced fertility and/or be of importance for the embryo transfer. bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv1) and the bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) are the agents most widely distributed in europe. both are of economic importance, described in detail and vaccines available discussed. | 1992 | 1396167 |
| age distribution of animals persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhea virus in twenty-two danish dairy herds. | the objectives of this study were to compare the age distribution of animals persistently infected (pi) with bovine virus diarrhea virus (bvdv) in 12 herds with clinical bvd compared to ten herds without clinical bvd and to examine the incidence of pi calves born after the oldest pi animal. blood samples from all animals were tested for bovine virus diarrhea virus and antibodies. in five herds, blood samples were obtained from calves born after the whole herd had been tested. all calves born by ... | 1992 | 1423053 |
| a neuropathological survey of brains submitted under the bovine spongiform encephalopathy orders in scotland. | bovine spongiform encephalopathy was not confirmed histologically in 225 of 829 bovine brains submitted for diagnosis. several previously described disorders of the central nervous system were observed in these brains as well as disorders not previously recognised in britain, including bilateral vacuolation of the substantia nigra, hippocampal sclerosis with brainstem neuronal chromatolysis and necrosis, focal symmetrical encephalomalacia and meningio-angiomatosis. severe cerebellar dysplasia co ... | 1992 | 1441143 |
| predominance of bocd8-positive t lymphocytes in vascular lesions in a 1-year-old cow with concurrent malignant catarrhal fever and bovine viral diarrhea virus infection. | 1992 | 1448903 | |
| toxoplasmosis and border disease in 54 swedish sheep flocks. seroprevalence and incidence during one gestation period. | serum samples from 704 animals from 54 swedish sheep flocks were analysed by elisa twice during 1 breeding season for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii and border disease virus (bdv). an elisa, originally developed for the detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) in cattle, was assessed on sheep sera and the results were compared with those obtained in a virus neutralization test. the correlation between the 2 assays proved good. before breeding, 132 (19%) sheep in 42 flocks ... | 1992 | 1503001 |
| etiologic agents detected in a 10-year study of bovine abortions and stillbirths. | during a 10-year period, specimens from 8,995 bovine abortions were submitted to the south dakota animal disease research and diagnostic laboratory; 8,962 of these specimens were suitable for examination. a supportable diagnosis was made in 2,942 (32.82%) of the abortions examined. an infectious cause was determined for 2,723 (30.38%) and a noninfectious cause for 219 (2.44%). bacteria caused 1,299 (14.49%), viruses caused 948 (10.57%), and fungi caused 476 (5.31%). the infectious bovine rhinotr ... | 1992 | 1616982 |
| inactivation of bovine herpesvirus-1 and bovine viral diarrhea virus in association with preimplantation bovine embryos using photosensitive agents. | hematoporphyrin (hp), hematoporphyrin derivative (hpd), and thiopyronine (tp) are photosensitive agents (psa) that have a germicidal effect when they are activated by light: helium neon laser (he/ne) light (hp, hpd), white light (hp, hpd), and yellow-green light (tp). experiments were conducted with appropriate controls to determine the effect of photosensitive agents a) for inactivating bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1; titre 10(6) tcid50/ml) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv; titre 10(6) tcid50 ... | 1992 | 16727166 |
| a field investigation of the effects of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection around the time of insemination on the reproductive performance of cattle. | during a study of methods of synchronizing estrus in bos indicus cattle, blood was collected from 169 heifers and 38 cows 2 to 3 days prior to artificial insemination (ai), and then again at day 51 and day 210 after ai to determine the incidence of infection with bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus. prior to insemination 53 and 68% of the cows and heifers, respectively, were seronegative to the bvd virus. at day 51 after ai, 70 and 32% of the seronegative cows and heifers, respectively, had seroco ... | 1993 | 16727224 |
| isolation of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in association with the in vitro production of bovine embryos. | the purpose of this study was to determine whether oocytes obtained from bovine ovaries collected at commercial abattoirs for use in in vitro fertilization programs would be contaminated with bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) and/or bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). in total, of 85 samples tested containing 759 embryos produced by in vitro fertilization, 2 (2.4%) were positive for bhv-1 while none were positive for bvdv. the follicular fluid collected during oocyte aspiration tested positive in 11. ... | 1993 | 16727336 |
| immunogens of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is a ubiquitous pathogen of cattle that induces economically important diseases affecting multiple organ systems. in the united states, over 150 biological products are licensed for control of bvdv. these products contain live or killed bvdv, and many products contain other viruses or bacteria. potency tests for these vaccines are based on animal inoculation and serology. for live virus vaccines, titration of viral infectivity in cell culture is an accepted alt ... | 1993 | 7509538 |
| single and double polymerase chain reaction for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus in tissue culture and sera. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is an ubiquitous pathogen of cattle and has been reported in other ruminants. it is also frequently present in laboratory and biological materials as an adventitious agent. this virus is difficult to detect in some specimens, especially in the presence of specific antibody and when the virus is present in low concentrations. in this paper, we describe a single polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to amplify virus sequences from infected cell culture and a nested dou ... | 1993 | 7685192 |
| an immunoplaque assay distinguishing between cytopathogenic and noncytopathogenic biotypes of bovine viral diarrhoea virus. | cytopathogenic (cp) and noncytopathogenic (ncp) biotypes of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) could be clearly distinguished by hollow plaques with peripheral immunostaining in infected fetal calf kidney (fck) monolayers cultures or the appearance of homogenously stained immunoplaques (ips), respectively. of 70 bvdv isolates formerly classified as cytopathogenic according to microscopic observations in fck cell cultures, 46 produced ips of both types while the remaining 24 isolates induced onl ... | 1993 | 7686708 |
| characterization of structural and non-structural proteins of hog cholera virus by means of monoclonal antibodies. | a panel of 15 monoclonal antibodies, produced against the hog cholera virus, were characterized by radioimmunoprecipitation assays. using this panel, we were able to identify 4 sets of monoclonal antibodies precipitating each a different viral protein with relative molecular weight of 40, 46, 120 kda, respectively, and a protein complex containing 15, 16, 27, and 55 kda polypeptides which were further characterized. one monoclonal antibody recognized an antigenic determinant at the c-terminal cl ... | 1993 | 7688508 |
| immune response to other agents of calves persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv). | the ability of calves persistently infected (pi) with bovine virus diarrhoea virus bvdv to respond immunologically to defined antigens other than bvdv was studied. five clinically healthy pi calves were studied together with 5 non-pi calves serving as controls. the humoral immune response was tested by measuring the serum antitoxin titre following immunization against tetanus. the cellular immune response was tested by the ability to develop a positive reaction in a cutaneous tuberculin test per ... | 1993 | 8310903 |
| identification of the cell surface receptor for bovine viral diarrhoea virus by using anti-idiotypic antibodies. | we have produced and characterized polyclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-ids) that mimic the antigenic structures of gp53 from bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv). in this study, the anti-ids were used to identify cell receptors for bvdv. the anti-ids bound specifically to bovine cells, as determined by flow cytometric analysis, and inhibitory binding assays showed that they bound to the cell surface receptors for bvdv. a cell surface protein with an m(r) of approximately 50k was immunoprec ... | 1993 | 8380838 |
| rna-stimulated ntpase activity associated with the p80 protein of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus. | the genomic rna of pestiviruses contains a single large open frame coding for virion structural proteins and viral nonstructural polypeptides. based on the presence of specific amino acid sequence motifs, pestivirus nonstructural protein p80 was predicted to be both a serine-type proteinase and a nucleoside triphosphatase (ntpase)/rna helicase. we previously demonstrated p80 possesses the former activity (wisherchen and collett, virology 184, 341-350, 1991). here, we provide experimental evidenc ... | 1993 | 8382392 |
| clinical, virological and serological findings after intranasal inoculation of pigs with bovine viral diarrhoea virus and subsequent intranasal challenge with hog cholera virus. | five groups of weaner pigs were intranasally inoculated with constant doses of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) strain osloss/2482. four weeks post primary inoculation (p.p.i.) the animals were intranasally challenged with decreasing doses of hog cholera virus (hcv) strain alfort/187. clinical signs were not observed apart from a short febrile period (2 days, > 40 degrees c) in one animal. another animal died intercurrently without showing any pathological signs. virus isolation from leucocyt ... | 1993 | 8384395 |
| presumptive diagnostic differentiation of hog cholera virus from bovine viral diarrhea and border disease viruses by using a cdna nested-amplification approach. | hog cholera virus (hcv), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), and border disease virus (bdv) are closely related pestiviruses. bvdv and bdv are found worldwide but seldom cause disease in swine. in contrast, hcv has been successfully eradicated from swine in several nations but poses a potentially devastating threat to them because of its great virulence. rapid differential diagnosis of hcv from bvdv and bdv infections in swine is vital for detection of the possible reintroduction of hcv into nat ... | 1993 | 8384625 |
| rna insertions and gene duplications in the nonstructural protein p125 region of pestivirus strains and isolates in vitro and in vivo. | sixteen cytopathogenic (cp) bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) strains/isolates were screened for the existence of rna insertions in the p125 gene region and/or for p80 gene duplications using the polymerase chain reaction after reverse transcription. three strains/isolates were shown to contain insertions, and in three others gene duplications were demonstrated. one strain was shown to contain a gene duplication in addition to an insertion. insertions or duplications were absent in the genomes ... | 1993 | 8384762 |
| induction of mucosal disease in cattle persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus by superinfection with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus. | three head of cattle persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus (ncbvd-mdv) were superinfected naturally or experimentally with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus (cbvd-mdv). in the naturally superinfected case, one animal manifested pyrexia and severe diarrhea, and died without developing antibodies to cbvd-mdv. however, another animal survived with only continual slight anorexia and pyrexia, and developed strong resistance to the su ... | 1993 | 8384896 |
| comparison of nucleic acid hybridization and nucleic acid amplification using conserved sequences from the 5' noncoding region for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | primers and probes derived from conserved sequences located in the 5' noncoding region of pestiviruses were evaluated for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus. with these reagents, hybridization and polymerase chain reaction tests detected 62 of 90 and 90 of 90 bovine viral diarrhea virus isolates, respectively. a quick lysis method for preparing rna for use in polymerase chain reaction amplification also was evaluated. | 1993 | 8385157 |
| presence of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in lymphoid cell populations of persistently infected cattle. | cattle infected in utero with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) often develop a lifelong persistent infection (pi). during this pi, bvdv infects many cell types including peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmnc). to define the lymphoid cell populations in which bvdv persists pbmnc subpopulations were separated using monoclonal antibodies to cell surface markers. separated cells were analysed by a sensitive pcr assay for bvdv, in conjunction with flow cytometry to identify antigen-containing ... | 1993 | 8388020 |
| detection of hog cholera virus and differentiation from other pestiviruses by polymerase chain reaction. | reverse transcription coupled with the polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was used for the detection and differentiation of pestiviruses. for this purpose, one primer pair was selected from a highly conserved region of the genome of pestiviruses. using these primers (pest 1-pest 2), dna fragments of between 72 and 74 bp could be amplified from all pestivirus isolates tested. in order to differentiate hog cholera virus (hcv) from bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and border disease virus (bdv), ... | 1993 | 8388887 |
| investigation of an epizootic of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in calves. | eight of 19 calves born to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv)-negative and -immunocompetent dams were determined to be infected with a noncytopathic strain of bvdv. six of the 8 calves had diarrhea and 2 had no clinical signs of disease. in 3 euthanatized calves, lesions consistent with mucosal disease were found throughout the gastrointestinal tract, and the virus was isolated from the spleen, lymph nodes, and small intestine. in 5 calves, bvdv was isolated from mononuclear cells in blood sampl ... | 1993 | 8391523 |
| expression of the bovine viral diarrhoea virus osloss p80 protein: its use as elisa antigen for cattle serum antibody detection. | the putative gene encoding the cytopathic bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) osloss strain p80 protein was amplified by pcr and inserted into a t7 promoter-based vector for expression in escherichia coli. bacterial expression led to cytoplasmic insoluble inclusion bodies which were denatured by urea treatment and renatured by dialysis. rabbit antisera were raised against this p80 recombinant antigen and assayed for the immunoprecipitation of either p120 or p80 protein from cytopathic or non-cyt ... | 1993 | 8393083 |
| nucleotide sequence of the bovine viral diarrhoea virus osloss strain: comparison with related viruses and identification of specific dna probes in the 5' untranslated region. | the nucleotide sequence of the cytopathic osloss isolate of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) was deduced from overlapping cdna clones and from pcr products. the osloss genome is an rna molecule of positive polarity containing 12,480 nucleotides and having the capacity to code for a polyprotein of 3975 amino acids. the presence of the previously described internal stop codon in this viral sequence was disproved after direct sequencing of the appropriate pcr-amplified fragment. except for the p ... | 1993 | 8393084 |
| studies on the decline of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) maternal antibodies and detectability of bvdv in persistently infected calves. | 1993 | 8393612 | |
| [in vitro amplification of genome fragments of the mucosal disease virus (bvd-md) using the pcr method]. | dna in-vitro amplification when a pcr (polymerase chain reaction) method is used (saiki et al., 1985) provides for a simple technique of marked amplification of a selected dna fragment. the length of a dna amplified fragment is determined by two synthetic primers which spontaneously (at an appropriate temperature) hybridize with the opposite ends of antiparallelly oriented strains of denatured dna. the enzyme taq polymerase completes the synthetisation of new dna strains from the primers. repeti ... | 1993 | 8394038 |
| a long term epidemiological study of bovine viral diarrhoea infections in a large herd of dairy cattle. | epidemiological aspects of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) infections were studied longitudinally in a large dairy herd for three years. at the start of the study, practically all the cows more than four years old had bvdv antibody titres, whereas the younger stock were almost all seronegative. the spread of the virus was monitored in a part of the population that contained only transiently viraemic cattle and in another part that contained persistently viraemic calves. among the lactating c ... | 1993 | 8394609 |
| diagnosis of bovine virus diarrhoea by two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. | two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for the diagnosis of bovine virus diarrhoea (bvd) are described: chekit-bvd-virus and chekit-bvd-sero. the first test detects virus antigen in leucocytes, resulting in identification of persistently-infected animals, while the second detects antibodies to bvd virus (bvdv). it is well known that even persistently-infected animals may have antibodies to heterologous bvdv strains. these animals are still negative to the chekit-bvd-sero test because of ... | 1993 | 8400386 |
| five hours to identify immunotolerant cattle, persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus. | detection of animals which are persistently-infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) is of prime importance in the control of pestivirus infections in cattle, as these animals constitute the main reservoir of the virus. identification of such animals can be readily performed using crude whole blood samples with a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) requiring only approximately five hours. this elisa uses a combination of monoclonal antibodies as the capture agent and an i ... | 1993 | 8400388 |
| antibody prevalence of hog cholera, bovine viral diarrhoea and aujeszky's disease virus in wild boars in northern germany. | during the hunting season 1990/1991 a total of 841 blood samples was collected from shot wild boar corresponding to about 2.11% of the total hunting bag in lower saxony. all the sera were screened for neutralizing antibodies (nab) to hog cholera virus (hcv) and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) by direct neutralizing peroxidase linked antibody (npla) assay. for the detection of antibodies (ab) against hcv a complex trapping blocking (ctb) elisa was used. cytotoxic sera were retested using an i ... | 1993 | 8404524 |