Publications

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introduction of canine parvovirus 2 into wildlife on the island of newfoundland, canada.canine parvovirus-2 (cpv-2) and feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) (species carnivore protoparvovirus 1, family parvoviridae) cause a severe gastrointestinal disease associated with immune depression in a broad range of terrestrial carnivores. we report here the first molecular epidemiological investigation of protoparvoviruses on the island of newfoundland, canada. in particular, we investigated red foxes (vulpes vulpes deletrix) and lynx (lynx canadensis subsolanus), two autochthonous species, a ...201728935611
efficacy of feline anti-parvovirus antibodies in the treatment of canine parvovirus infection.this prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blinded study aimed to evaluate efficacy of commercially available feline anti-parvovirus antibodies in dogs with canine parvovirus infection.201728369886
serosurvey for selected viral pathogens among sympatric species of the african large predator guild in northern botswana.the recent increase in the creation of transboundary protected areas and wildlife corridors between them lends importance to information on pathogen prevalence and transmission among wildlife species that will become connected. one such initiative is the kavango zambezi transfrontier conservation area of which botswana's okavango delta constitutes a major contribution for wildlife and ecosystems. between 2008 and 2011, we collected serum samples from 14 lions ( panthera leo ), four leopards ( pa ...201727763827
identification of inonotus obliquus polysaccharide with broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multi-feline viruses.inonotus obliquus polysaccharides (iops) are a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of cancer, cardiopathy, diabetes, aids, pancreatitis and other diseases. in this study, we found that iop can act as a broad-spectrum antiviral drug against feline viruses in the in vitro experiment. using cell models of feline calicivirus (fcv), we demonstrated that iop treatment was capable of exhibiting anti-fcv strain f9 activity in cell-based assays and also showed low cytotoxicity. investigation ...201727865960
feline panleucopenia virus ns2 suppresses the host ifn-β induction by disrupting the interaction between tbk1 and sting.feline panleucopenia virus (fpv) is a highly infectious pathogen that causes severe diseases in pets, economically important animals and wildlife in china. although fpv was identified several years ago, little is known about how it overcomes the host innate immunity. in the present study, we demonstrated that infection with the fpv strain philips-roxane failed to activate the interferon β (ifn-β) pathway but could antagonize the induction of ifn stimulated by sendai virus (sev) in f81 cells. sub ...201728125002
surveillance for viral and parasitic pathogens in a vulnerable african lion (panthera leo) population in the northern tuli game reserve, botswana.african lion ( panthera leo ) numbers are decreasing rapidly and populations are becoming smaller and more fragmented. infectious diseases are one of numerous issues threatening free-ranging lion populations, and low-density populations are particularly at risk. we collected data on the prevalence and diversity of viral and parasitic pathogens in a small lion population in eastern botswana. during 2012 and 2014, blood samples were collected from 59% (n=13) of the adult-subadult lions in the nort ...201727669009
recombinase polymerase amplification assay-a simple, fast and cost-effective alternative to real time pcr for specific detection of feline herpesvirus-1.feline herpesvirus 1 (fhv-1), an enveloped dsdna virus, is one of the major pathogens of feline upper respiratory tract disease (urtd) and ocular disease. currently, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) remains the gold standard diagnostic tool for fhv-1 infection but is relatively expensive, requires well-equipped laboratories and is not suitable for field tests. recombinase polymerase amplification (rpa), an isothermal gene amplification technology, has been explored for the molecular diagnosis of ...201728045956
complex and dynamic interactions between parvovirus capsids, transferrin receptors, and antibodies control cell infection and host range.antibody and receptor binding are key virus-host interactions that control host range and determine the success of infection. canine and feline parvovirus capsids bind the transferrin receptor type 1 (tfr) to enter host cells, and specific structural interactions appear necessary to prepare the stable capsids for infection. here, we define the details of binding, competition, and occupancy of wild-type and mutant parvovirus capsids with purified receptors and antibodies. tfr-capsid binding inter ...201829695427
genetic characterization of parvoviruses in domestic cats in henan province, china.feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) and canine parvovirus (cpv) infections are highly contagious and cause serious enteric diseases, with high fatality rates of cats and dogs. given the importance of cats as a potential source of genetic diversity for parvoviruses, parvovirus strains detected in cats with gastroenteritis signs were analysed, and molecular characterisation, sequence analysis and phylogeny were evaluated on the vp2 gene. the results showed that fpv, new cpv-2a, and cpv-2 are co-circu ...201830188020
research on viral agents associated with feline reproductive problems reveals a high association with feline panleukopenia virus.although reproductive failures (rf) such as abortion, stillbirth and neonatal mortality in cats are still under researched, it is known that many rf are caused by viral agents. this research surveyed the viral agent prevalence in queens with rf. queens were excluded from the study if their rf was caused by issues other than infection, such as genetic, traumatic, hormonal or nutritional problems, or if they had a history of rf. blood samples from 26 pregnant females with rf were collected for com ...201832734056
feline panleukopenia virus as the cause of diarrhea in a banded linsang (prionodon linsang) in thailand.a banded linsang (prionodon linsang) presented at our hospital with clinical signs of acute diarrhea. fecal samples were positive for canine parvovirus (cpv) as determined by polymerase chain reaction with primers specific for both cpv and feline panleukopenia virus (fpv). the full-length vp2 was cloned, sequenced, and compared with sequences of fpv and cpv strains reported in genbank. the amino acids that determined the host range were similar to those of fpv. moreover, amino acid analysis of v ...201931548471
prevalence and risk factors for felis catus gammaherpesvirus 1 detection in domestic cats in italy.felis catus gammaherpesvirus 1 (fcaghv1), a novel gammaherpesvirus of domestic cats identified in 2014, has been detected in different countries demonstrating a worldwide distribution. the aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of fcaghv1 in italy using a molecular epidemiological approach. fcaghv1 dna was detected with virus-specific real-time pcr in ≃1% of 2659 feline blood samples tested. analysis of risk factors showed that being male and coinfection with feline immunodeficiency v ...201931648722
development and application of a multiplex pcr method for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of feline panleukopenia virus, feline bocavirus, and feline astrovirus.a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mpcr) assay was developed to detect and distinguish feline panleukopenia virus (fpv), feline bocavirus (fbov) and feline astrovirus (feastv). three pairs of primers were designed based on conserved regions in the genomic sequences of the three viruses and were used to specifically amplify targeted fragments of 237 bp from the vp2 gene of fpv, 465 bp from the np1 gene of fbov and 645 bp from the rdrp gene of feastv. the results showed that this mpcr assay wa ...201931506786
identification of a novel parvovirus in domestic cats.a novel protoparvovirus species was identified in domestic cats. the virus was distantly related to the well-known feline (feline panleukopenia virus) and canine (canine parvovirus type 2) parvoviruses, sharing low nucleotide identities in the capsid protein 2 (less than 43%). the virus was genetically similar (100% at the nucleotide level) to a newly identified canine protoparvovirus, genetically related to human bufaviruses. the feline bufavirus appeared as a common element of the feline virom ...201930593374
anti-feline panleukopenia virus serum neutralizing antibody titer in domestic cats with the negative or low hemagglutination inhibition antibody titer.to evaluate the accuracy of hemagglutination inhibition (hi) test as the index of feline panleukopenia virus (fpv)-protective ability, sera from 153 fpv-vaccinated cats aged ≥7 months with hi titer of <1:10-1:40, were examined for serum neutralizing (sn) antibody. sn antibody was detected (≥1:10) in 33 (62.3%) of 53 hi antibody-negative cats, and ranged <1:10-1:160. this suggests that fpv-antibody detection sensitivity of hi test is lower than sn test, and sn test is more suitable for the assess ...201930541981
first characterization of a canine parvovirus causing fatal disease in coatis (nasua nasua).a canine parvovirus (cpv)-like virus was detected by pcr and isolated from dead coatis in argentina. analysis of the full-length genome sequence revealed that it resembled cpv-but also contained a mutation in the vp2 protein (arg377ser) that has not been described previously. this is the first report of a cpv-like virus producing clinical disease in coatis. genetic similarity to cpv-2c viruses detected in brazil suggests a strong relationship between these viruses. although the pathogenic potent ...201931555902
adeno-associated virus-binding antibodies detected in cats living in the northeastern united states lack neutralizing activity.cats are a critical pre-clinical model for studying adeno-associated virus (aav) vector-mediated gene therapies. a recent study has described the high prevalence of anti-aav neutralizing antibodies among domestic cats in switzerland. however, our knowledge of pre-existing humoral immunity against various aav serotypes in cats is still limited. here, we show that, although antibodies binding known aav serotypes (aav1 to aav11) are prevalent in cats living in the northeastern united states, these ...202032572045
regional adaptations and parallel mutations in feline panleukopenia virus strains from china revealed by nearly-full length genome analysis.protoparvoviruses, widespread among cats and wild animals, are responsible for leukopenia. feline panleukopenia virus (fplv) in domestic cats is genetically diverse and some strains may differ from those used for vaccination. the presence of fplv in two domestic cats from hebei province in china was identified by polymerase chain reaction. samples from these animals were used to isolate fplv strains in crfk cells for genome sequencing. phylogenetic analysis was performed to compare our isolates ...202031945103
epidemiology and molecular characterization of carnivore protoparvovirus-1 infection in the wild felid leopardus guigna in chile.landscape anthropization has been identified as one of the main drivers of pathogen emergence worldwide, facilitating pathogen spillover between domestic species and wildlife. the present study investigated carnivore protoparvovirus-1 infection using molecular methods in 98 free-ranging wild guignas (leopardus guigna) and 262 co-occurring owned, free-roaming rural domestic cats. we also assessed landscape anthropization variables as potential drivers of infection. protoparvovirus dna was detecte ...202033238057
carnivore protoparvovirus-1 associated with an outbreak of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis in small indian civets.carnivore protoparvovirus-1 (cppv-1) infection has been reported frequently in both domestic and wildlife species including wild carnivores. fifty-five captive small indian civets (viverricula indica), farmed for perfume production in eastern thailand, showed clinical signs of acute bloody diarrhea, anorexia, vomiting, circling, and seizures. the disease spread within the farm and resulted in the death of 38 of the 55 civets (69% mortality) within a month. fecal swabs were collected from the 17 ...202032880233
evaluation of an in-house indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of feline panleukopenia vp2 subunit antigen in comparison to hemagglutination inhibition assay to monitor tiger antibody levels by bayesian approach.feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) is an etiologic pathogen of feline panleukopenia that infects all members of felidae including tigers (panthera tigris). vaccinations against fpv among wild felid species have long been practiced in zoos worldwide. however, few studies have assessed the tiger immune response post-vaccination due to the absence of a serological diagnostic tool. to address these limitations, this study aimed to develop an in-house indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) ...202032762697
ecology and infection dynamics of multi-host amdoparvoviral and protoparvoviral carnivore pathogens.amdoparvovirus and protoparvovirus are monophyletic viral genera that infect carnivores. we performed surveillance for and sequence analyses of parvoviruses in mustelids in insular british columbia to investigate parvoviral maintenance and cross-species transmission among wildlife. overall, 19.1% (49/256) of the tested animals were parvovirus-positive. aleutian mink disease virus (amdv) was more prevalent in mink (41.6%, 32/77) than martens (3.1%, 4/130), feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) was mor ...202032075256
carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (parvoviruses) at the domestic-wild carnivore interface in india.carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (cp1, earlier called feline panleukopenia virus) variants such as canine parvovirus (cpv) and feline parvovirus (fpv) are significant, emerging, multihost pathogens of domestic and wild carnivores. the diversity of cp1 variants was studied between 2008 and 2014 in wayanad, india, where flagship wildlife species such as tigers (panthera tigris) and leopards (panthera pardus) coexist alongside domestic carnivores, including dogs (canis lupus familiaris) and cats (felis ...202031926540
circulation of diverse protoparvoviruses in wild carnivores, italy.protoparvovirus is a monophyletic viral genus that includes the species carnivore protoparvovirus-1 infecting domestic and wild carnivores. in this paper, the results of an epidemiological survey for carnivore protoparvovirus-1 in wild carnivores in italy are reported. overall, 34 (11.4%) out of 297 tested animals were positive for carnivore protoparvovirus-1, but the frequency of detection was much higher in intestine (54%) than in spleen samples (2.8%), thus suggesting that the intestine is th ...202033176056
viral prevalence in wild serval population is driven by season and sex.one of the key factors influencing the population dynamics of threatened species such as felids is disease, but long-term studies of the factors influencing seroprevalence of wild felids are extremely rare, hindering conservation efforts. we set out to determine seroprevalence of six viral diseases (feline panleukopenia virus, feline leukemia virus, feline coronavirus, feline calicivirus, feline herpes virus, and feline immunodeficiency virus) among a population of serval (leptailurus serval) wi ...202134059963
novel parvovirus in cats, china.parvovirus is a common element of the feline virus group and usually causes gastroenteritis and leukopenia in cats. in this study, we identified a novel protoparvovirus from the chinese domestic cats, which is genetically similar to canine bufavirus (98.0%-99.8%), but sharing low amino acid identities in the viral structural proteins 2 (vp2) (36.1-37.2%) to the well-known canine parvovirus type 2 and feline panleukopenia virus. this virus was provisionally designated as feline bufavirus (fbuv). ...202134363851
gastrointestinal ultrasonographic findings in cats with feline panleukopenia: a case series.feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) is very resistant and highly contagious and infects domestic cats and other felids. fpv is particularly widespread among sheltered cats, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality, causing severe gastroenteritis characterized by anorexia, lethargy, fever, dehydration, hemorrhagic diarrhea, and vomiting. there is currently no data on the ultrasonographic features of cats affected with fpv. this case series describes abdominal ultrasonographic findings in ...202133413382
natural infection of parvovirus in wild fishing cats (prionailurus viverrinus) reveals extant viral localization in kidneys.carnivore protoparvovirus-1 (cppv-1), a viral species containing feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) and canine parvovirus (cpv) variants, are widely spread among domestic and wild carnivores causing systemic fatal diseases. wild fishing cats (prionailurus viverrinus), a globally vulnerable species, have been found dead. postmortem examination of the carcasses revealed lesions in intestine, spleen and kidney. cppv-1 antigen identification in these tissues, using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and ...202133651823
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