Publications

the effect of placing a tensioned graft across open growth plates. a gross and histologic analysis.	midsubstance tears of the anterior cruciate ligament in skeletally immature patients are increasingly common and are a challenging problem. the results of nonoperative treatment are no better in children than they are in adults. physeal-sparing reconstructive procedures have yielded poor results. reconstructive procedures that are utilized in adults violate the physis, potentially resulting in growth abnormalities. the objective of this study was to provide a model for reconstruction of the ante ...	2001	11379743
effects of a tensioned tendon graft in a bone tunnel across the rabbit physis.	children who sustain anterior cruciate disruption often are denied the standard reconstructive procedures because of the concern that drilling across the physis of the tibia and femur and compression from a tensioned graft will result in growth plate arrest. to test this concept and to assess whether a tendon placed in the tunnel would function in a manner similar to a fat graft after the resection of a physeal bar, tunnels were made across the proximal tibial physis and distal femoral physis in ...	2001	11603681
molecular analysis of defect healing in rat diaphyseal bone.	spatial expression of messenger ribonucleic acid (mrna) for osteoblastic marker in drill hole defect healing of adult male rats was analyzed by in situ hybridization. the defect was filled with hematoma 3 days after surgery, expressing type i collagen mrna. hematoma was replaced with fibrous tissue on day 7, and then with new trabecular bone on day 10, originated from the intra-medullary space, respectively. mrna for type i collagen, parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (pthir), and alkaline phosphata ...	2001	11459005
penetrating injury of the brain by the burr of a high-speed air drill during craniotomy: case report.	the most critical complications of craniotomy are caused by the plunging of a skull drill, and there have been no reports of penetrating brain injury caused by the broken burr of a high-speed air drill during craniotomy. left orbitofrontal craniotomy was performed to clip two aneurysms in a 44 year old man. while cutting the lateral orbital rim with the burr of an ultra power surgical drill system, the burr broke off and penetrated the frontal lobe down to the falx cerebri. there were no discern ...	2001	11386803
use of a non-contact, infrared laser for zona drilling of mouse embryos: assessment of immediate effects on blastomere viability.	to compare the effects of using a non-contact infrared laser with acid tyrode's for zona drilling, mouse embryos were used to examine both immediate effects on blastomere viability, using fluorescent markers, and development to the blastocyst stage in vitro. preliminary experiments with isolated blastomeres established that the safe working distance for the lowest setting of the laser (pulse duration 5 ms) was 8 micro m. at the 2-cell stage, when it was possible to drill through the zona while m ...	2001	12537793
cell synchronization for the purposes of nuclear transfer in the bovine.	we have examined the reprogramming ability of donor fibroblast nuclei in various phases of the cell cycle, upon transfer to cytoplasts, using a bovine nuclear transfer (nt) model. bovine fetal fibroblasts were cultured in reduced serum and conditioned medium to induce quiescence (g0) and treated with nocodazole to induce m phase arrest. unsynchronized actively dividing cells (control) were mainly in g1. cells synchronized in g0, m, and g1 phase were transferred to enucleated bovine mii oocytes b ...	2001	11945222
optimizing brain tumor resection. midfield interventional mr imaging.	the development of the intraoperative mr imager represents an important example of creative vision and interdisciplinary teamwork. the result is a remarkable tool for neurosurgical applications. mrt allows surgical manipulation under direct visualization of the intracranial contents through the eye of the surgeon and through the volumetric images of the mr imaging system. this technology can be applied to cranial and spinal cases, and forseeably can encompass application to the entire gamut of n ...	2001	11995421
surgical arthrodesis of distal tarsal joints in 17 horses clinically affected with osteoarthritis.	to evaluate the outcome of 17 horses that underwent surgical arthrodesis of the tarsometatarsal and distal intertarsal joints for treatment of lameness due to osteoarthritis.	2001	11221565
intraosseous approach to the nasolacrimal duct for removal of a foreign body in a dog.	a labrador retriever was evaluated because of chronic mucopurulent discharge from the left eye. a foreign body was identified in the nasolacrimal duct by use of dacryocystorhinography. attempts to alleviate the inflammation by use of flushing and administration of antimicrobials were unsuccessful. at surgery, the infraorbital foramen was used as a landmark for a skin incision, because the nasolacrimal duct courses dorsal and parallel to the infraorbital canal. an air drill was used to remove the ...	2001	11229505
analysis of the osseous/metal interface of drill free screws and self-tapping screws.	a comparison of metal/osseous interface and bone remodelling after insertion of different types of titanium bone screws in vivo.	2001	11465436
wild mandrillus sphinx are carriers of two types of lentivirus.	mandrillus sphinx, a large primate living in cameroon and gabon and belonging to the papionini tribe, was reported to be infected by a simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) (sivmndgb1) as early as 1988. here, we have identified a second, highly divergent sivmnd (designated sivmnd-2). genomic organization differs between the two viral types; sivmnd-2 has the additional vpx gene, like other sivs naturally infecting the papionini tribe (sivsm and sivrcm) and in contrast to the other sivmnd type (here ...	2001	11435589
delayed surgery does not reduce the interface strength between the surface of a bone fracture and a self-curing injectable hydroxyapatite (norian srs).	the shear strength of the interface between bone and an injectable calcium phosphate bone substitute that cures to form a carbonated apatite (norian srs) was measured and related to the time that elapsed between injury and surgery. eleven rabbits had a 3 mm drill hole made in the retropatellar aspect of the distal femur. after one week, the rabbits were reoperated on and the hole filled with norian srs after it had been cleaned gently with a sponge. during the same procedure a similar hole was b ...	2001	11484521
implications of sound levels generated by otologic devices.	exposure to loud noise can result in sensorineural hearing loss. in otology, a wide variety of devices are used that have significant noise output, both to the operator and the patient. this study quantifies and compares the sound pressure levels (spl) of a variety of otologic instruments.	2001	11593172
[in vivo studies of screw-bone contact of drill-free screws and conventional self-tapping screws].	screw-bone contact (sbc) and bone remodeling of titanium drill-free screws or self-tapping screws should be compared. each 10 titanium self-tapping miniscrews or microscrews, and each 10 titanium drill-free miniscrews or microscrews were inserted into the anterior wall of the frontal sinus of 5 göttingen minipigs. intraperitoneal injections of fluochromes (xylenol, calcein, alizarincomplexon and tetrazyklin) were performed between the 2nd and 9th postoperative week. the pigs were sacrificed afte ...	2001	11272381
[madreporic hydroxyapatite granulates for filling bone defects].	two macrocrystalline madreporic granular hydroxyapatite implants of different size range (single crystal size within both implants 1-3 microns) were implanted for 7, 28, 84 and 168 days into the trabecular bone of the distal femur epiphysis of rabbits. both materials were investigated histologically. for testing of granular materials a new animal model has been developed. the drill hole was closed by reimplantation of an autologeous chondrocortical tissue slice to prevent loss of particles into ...	2001	11284353
analysis of the osseous/metal interface of drill free screws and self-tapping screws.	aim: a comparison of metal/osseous interface and bone remodelling after insertion of different types of titanium bone screws in vivo. material: samples of five of each of the following bone screw types were inserted into the anterior wall of the frontal sinus of five göttingen minipigs: self-tapping micro- (1.5 mm) and miniscrews (2.0 mm) or drill free micro- (1.5 mm) and miniscrews (2.0 mm) (martin medizintechnik, tuttlingen, germany). screw length was 7 mm. methods: sequential intraperitoneal ...	2001	11308282
the fixation properties of carbon fiber-reinforced liquid crystalline polymer implant in bone: an experimental study in rabbits.	a novel composite material with ultra-high strength and a low elastic modulus called carbon fiber-reinforced liquid crystalline polymer (lcp/cf) has been developed. we studied the fixation properties of an intramedullary lcp/cf rod in rabbit bone. the medullary canals of both femora were reamed with a drill 3.2 mm in diameter starting from the trochanteric fossa in eleven new zealand white rabbits weighing on average 4.8 kg. a smooth lcp/cf rod 3.2 mm in diameter and 50 mm in length was introduc ...	2001	11309800
characterizing human hand prehensile strength by force and moment wrench.	characterizing human hand capabilities or demand created by various occupational tasks or activities of daily living has been mainly accomplished by measuring the maximum force exerted on a force dynamometer in a number of standard grips, for example power, key pinch and tip pinch grips. a framework is proposed instead to characterize human hand prehensile strength in generic form by describing external force and moment wrench capability, where a wrench is a vector describing the forces and mome ...	2001	11936830
characterization of novel simian immunodeficiency viruses from red-capped mangabeys from nigeria (sivrcmng409 and -ng411).	two novel simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) strains from wild-caught red-capped mangabeys (cercocebus torquatus torquatus) from nigeria were characterized. sequence analysis of the fully sequenced siv strain rcmng411 (sivrcmng411) and gag and pol sequence of sivrcmng409 revealed that they were genetically most closely related to the recently characterized sivrcm from gabon (sivrcmgb1). thus, red-capped mangabeys from distant geographic locations harbor a common lineage of siv. sivrcmng411 carr ...	2001	11711592
primary stability with tibial press-fit fixation of patellar ligament graft: an experimental study in ovine knees.	to investigate the initial fixation strength and to assess the value of tibial press-fit fixation of the bone-tendon-bone graft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. type of study: nonrandomized control trial.	2001	11694929
[an extended ct scale technique for evaluating periprosthetic bone lesions - an in vitro study].	in the present study the reduction of artifacts using an extended ct scale technique was examined in 5 vitallium and 5 titanium-aluminium-vanadium tumor prostheses.	2001	11740670
changes in permeability of strial vessels following vibration given to auditory ossicle by drill.	we produced drill-induced damage of the auditory ossicles of guinea pigs to study changes over time in the permeability of the blood vessels of the stria vascularis to horseradish peroxidase (hrp). in group a, the stimulus was applied for 10 seconds after intravenous injection of hrp. in group b, it was applied for 30 seconds, and in group c, for 60 seconds. the cochlea was fixed with 2% glutaraldehyde perfused through the round window, and the guinea pigs were then decapitated. the stria vascul ...	2001	11219518
immediate implantation in fresh extraction sockets. a controlled clinical and histological study in man.	early implantation may preserve the alveolar anatomy, and the placement of a fixture in a fresh extraction socket helps to maintain the bony crest. although a number of clinical studies exist, no histological reports show the outcome of implantation in fresh extraction sockets without the use of membranes in humans compared to implants placed in mature bone.	2001	11759868
novel computer-assisted fluoroscopy system for intraoperative guidance: feasibility study for distal locking of femoral nails.	orthopaedic procedures that use fluoroscopy require intraoperative mental navigation of the surgical tools in a three-dimensional space. moreover, because of their reliance on real-time monitoring, such procedures are frequently associated with increased x-ray exposure. the goal of this study was to develop a computer-guided surgical navigation system based on fluoroscopic images that not only facilitates direction of surgical tools within anatomy, but also provides constant feedback without the ...	2001	11232651
measurements of drill-induced temperature change in the facial nerve during mastoid surgery: a cadaveric model using diamond burs.	the purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in temperature in the facial nerve that occur during mastoid drilling by the facial recess approach and to confirm the beneficial effects of constant irrigation while drilling. mastoid drilling was performed on human cadaveric temporal bones by means of 4-mm diamond burs with and without irrigation. there were 6 subjects in each group. changes in facial nerve temperature were recorded on a continuous-output monitor. significant changes wer ...	2001	11558764
a biomechanical analysis of four different methods of harvesting bone-patellar tendon-bone graft in porcine knees.	anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with use of bone-patellar tendon-bone graft is commonly performed to treat functional instability of the knee after injury of the anterior cruciate ligament. patellar fracture is an underreported complication of this procedure, yet it may be a career-ending injury for a professional athlete. the purpose of this study was to design a new technique to procure the patellar bone plug when reconstructing the cruciate ligament with use of patellar tendon.	2002	12377908
mechanical properties of the femur filled with calcium phosphate cement under torsional loading: a model in rabbits.	we conducted an experimental study using rabbits to determine the effect of injection of calcium phosphate cement (cpc) through a small cortical window on the torsional strength of the long bone. a drill hole created in the femoral shaft and medullary curettage before cpc injection simulates the clinical procedure for managing benign bone tumors. torsional loading always produced a spiral fracture through the drill hole. the cpc-treated femurs, but not the polymethylmethacrylate-treated femurs, ...	2002	12355131
biomechanical comparison of reconstruction techniques for disruption of the acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments.	injuries to the acromioclavicular joint are common. for selected injuries, operative reconstruction is recommended. the purpose of the current study was to compare three reconstruction procedures: (1) nine strands of woven polydioxanonsulphate (pds ii) suture passed through the clavicle and around the coracoid; (2) procedure no. 1 with 50% of the coracoacromioclavicular ligament placed through 2 clavicular drill holes; (3) no. 5 merselene tape passed through 2 drill holes in the clavicle and acr ...	2002	12741581
use of a transpedicular drill guide for pedicle screw insertion in the thoracic spine.	a transpedicular drill guide (tdg) was designed to assist in the safe placement of pedicle screws in the thoracic spine. in a preliminary study, pilot holes were drilled into the pedicles (t1 to t12) of eight anatomical models in order to compare the conventional anatomical technique to the tdg. visual inspection of the drilled pedicles was performed. subsequently in a cadaveric study, pilot holes were made using the tdg in the thoracic spine (t1 to t11) of one human cadaver before inserting 4.5 ...	2002	15457774
hypothenar hammer syndrome: an uncommon and correctable cause of digital ischemia.	hypothenar hammer syndrome (hhs) is the rare entity of finger ischemia secondary to embolic occlusion of the digital arteries as a result of repetitive trauma to the palmar ulnar artery. we report the case of a young man found to have digital embolic complications from an ulnar artery aneurysm. this is thought to have developed as a result of palmar trauma experienced during military rifle drill exercises.	2002	11803335
migration, matrix production and lamellar bone formation of human osteoblast-like cells in porous titanium implants.	the goal of this study was to characterize growth, mineralization and bone formation of osteoblast-like cells in titanium pore channels of defined diameter. titanium implants with continuous drill channels of diameters of 300, 400, 500, 600 and 1,000 microm were inserted into human osteoblast-like cell cultures. the ingrowth of the cells into the drill channels was investigated by transmitted-light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. immunofluorescence and histological analysis of 15-ch ...	2002	11919409
selective retrosigmoid vestibular neurectomy without internal auditory canal drill-out: an anatomic study.	it is well established that selective vestibular nerve section by means of the retrosigmoid or posterior fossa approach can be accomplished with or without drill-out of the internal auditory canal (iac) by virtue of the presence or absence of a surgically accessible cleavage plane between the vestibular and cochlear nerves. some reports have indicated that a majority of patients would be amenable to successful separation of the vestibular nerve from the cochlear nerve medial to the iac, thus obv ...	2002	11875353
developmental competence in vivo and in vitro of in vitro-matured equine oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection with fresh or frozen-thawed spermatozoa.	this study was undertaken to evaluate the development of equine oocytes in vitro and in vivo after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi) with either fresh or frozen-thawed spermatozoa, without the use of additional activation treatments. oocytes were collected from ovaries obtained from an abattoir and oocytes classified as having expanded cumulus cells were matured in m199 with 10% fetal bovine serum and 5 microu fsh ml(-1). after 24-26 h of in vitro maturation, oocytes with a first polar bod ...	2002	11882023
data warehouse implementation with clinical pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data.	we have created a data warehouse for human pharmacokinetic (pk) and pharmacodynamic (pd) data generated primarily within the clinical pk group of the drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (dm&pk) department of dupont pharmaceuticals.	2002	11911606
compaction versus extraction drilling for fixation of the hamstring tendon graft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.	initial strength of quadrupled hamstring tendon grafts fixed with titanium interference screws was assessed in 30 pairs of porcine tibiae. bone tunnels were drilled with either compaction drilling (stepped routers) or conventional extraction drilling (cannulated drill bits). fifteen pairs of specimens were subjected to a single-cycle load-to-failure test, while the rest underwent a cyclic-loading test to further assess the quality of the fixation. no significant difference between the two drilli ...	2002	11912083
the ability of salmonella to drill holes in the aorta.		2002	12103390
immunohistochemical study on pulpal response in rat molars after cavity preparation by er:yag laser.	while er:yag laser systems are in extensive use for caries removal and cavity preparation, the effects of such treatment on pulp tissue remain unclear. this study evaluates these systems using immunohistochemical methods and compares the results with information gained from treatment using conventional burs. cervical cavities were prepared in the upper first molars of rats, using either an er:yag laser or a conventional tungsten-carbide bur. at intervals of 5 min, 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 3 d and 7 d aft ...	2002	12120710
comparison of the pull-out forces of bioabsorbable polylactide/glycolide screws (biosorb and lactosorb) and tacks: a study on the stability of fixation in human cadaver parietal bones.	the aim of this study was to compare the pull-out forces of bioabsorbable polylactide/glycolide (plga) tacks and screws in human cadaver parietal bones. parietal bone pieces (c. 6 cm x 20 cm) were collected from five human male cadavers (age range: 47-75 years). forty-nine biosorbpdx (self-reinforced [sr] plga 80/20) tacks (1.5-mm diameter, 4.0-mm length), 47 biosorbpdx (sr-plga 80/20) screws (1.5-mm diameter, 4.0-mm length), and 46 lactosorb (plga 82/18) screws (1.5-mm diameter, 4.0-mm length) ...	2002	12140419
ischemic preconditioning prior to aortic cross-clamping protects high-energy phosphate levels, glucose uptake, and myocyte contractility.	we hypothesized that indices of myocyte contractility and metabolism could be preserved with ischemic preconditioning in a model of reversible ischemia similar to that occurring during routine cardiac surgery. regional measures of metabolism and function have not been studied in conjunction with individual myocyte function during postischemic recovery of preconditioned myocardium.	2002	12121702
histologic analysis of the effect on dental pulp of a 9.6-microm co(2) laser.	both patients and dentists would like a replacement of the dental drill. during the last decade, lasers have been investigated as a possible replacement. for lasers to be accepted, studies must show that their effect on the dental pulpal tissues is equal to or less noxious than those effects caused by the dental handpiece (drill).	2002	11948595
induction of discolored wood in scots pine (pinus sylvestris).	induction of discolored wood in scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) trees by treatment with ethylene, carbon dioxide, nitrogen (hypoxia) or wounding from early april to late september was investigated. all treatments induced formation of discolored wood upward and downward from the drill hole. the amount of discolored wood formed above the drill hole depended on the treatment in the following order: ethylene > carbon dioxide = nitrogen > wounding; and below the drill hole in the order: ethylene > c ...	2002	11960757
thermal changes observed at implant sites during internal and external irrigation.	in the preparation of osseointegrated dental implant sites, the use of bone drilling with conventional external irrigation has been shown to be thermally non-injurious to bovine bone, when employed as a model for dental implantology. the use of internal irrigation drilling systems is promoted on the basis of improved delivery of coolant to the bone/drill interface, which should subsequently improve local debridement and cooling, and therefore reduce thermal insults to the bone. the aim of this b ...	2002	12010160
graft fixation with predetermined tension using a new device, the double spike plate.	to biomechanically evaluate a new fixation device, dsp (double spike plate; meira corp, nagoya, aichi, japan), for pullout graft fixation.	2002	12368790
docetaxel-induced nail dystrophy.	a 73-year-old man with metastatic prostate cancer treated with weekly docetaxel chemotherapy for 5 months developed an acute nail dystrophy restricted to the fingernails. this was characterized by onycholysis, subungual haemorrhage and acute paronychia, progressing to a subungual abscess of the right index finger. nail bed hyperaemia and haemosiderin-like nail bed discoloration were present. nail plate avulsion was performed to decompress the acutely painful subungual abscess. the right thumb, m ...	2002	12423438
in vitro evaluation of the retention of composite fiber and stainless steel posts.	this study compared the tensile retentive strength of composite fiber-reinforced dowels luted with a resin cement to stainless steel dowels luted with zinc phosphate cement.	2002	11935507
participatory ergonomics: determining injury control "buy-in" of us army cadre.	overuse injuries account for the majority of lost duty time profiles for soldiers attending advanced individual training (ait) to become a combat medic at ft. sam houston (63% for men and 74% for women). an intervention program was initiated with two ait battalions (bn) in an effort to reduce overuse injuries. the purpose of this paper is to describe methods of tracking the participation of supervisors during the intervention program. methods used to monitor participation included recording the ...	2002	12441583
clinical proteomics for cancer biomarker discovery and therapeutic targeting.	as we emerge into the post-genome era, proteomics finds itself as the driving force field as we translate the nucleic acid information archive into understanding how the cell actually works and how disease processes operate. even so, the traditionally held view of proteomics as simply cataloging and developing lists of the cellular protein repertoire of a cell are now changing, especially in the sub-discipline of clinical proteomics. the most relevant information archive to clinical applications ...	2002	12625785
suicide by a power drill.	this is the report of a 62-year-old man who committed suicide by drilling through his anterior chest wall with an electric power drill. death was caused by pericardial tamponade combined with bleeding into the pleural cavity. the skin lesion at the left hemithorax was similar to a bullet entrance wound.	2002	12372689
the effect of a fibrin glue on the integration of bio-oss with bone tissue. a experimental study in labrador dogs.	bio-oss is a deproteinized bovine mineral used in bone augmentation procedures. the particles are often mixed with a protein product (tisseel) to form a mouldable graft material.	2002	12060419
bone blood flow response to surgical trauma.	the evolution of bone plate design has been with a view to reducing the interface contact between the plate and the underlying bone thereby limiting the perfusion deficiency that develops. little consequence, however, has been attributed to the drilling of holes in the steps prior to bone plate application; the work present herein attempts to define the vascular response of bone to the trauma of drilling holes. anaesthetized sheep underwent the creation of drill holes in both tibiae and metatars ...	2002	12095727
production of nuclear transfer horse embryos by piezo-driven injection of somatic cell nuclei and activation with stallion sperm cytosolic extract.	we investigated the use of direct nuclear injection using the piezo drill and activation by injection of stallion sperm cytosolic extract for production of cloned equine embryos. when metaphase ii horse oocytes were injected with either of two dosages of sperm extract and cultured 20 h, similar activation rates (88% vs. 90%) and cleavage rates (49% vs. 46%) were obtained. the successful reconstruction rate of horse oocytes with horse somatic cell donor nuclei after direct injection using the pie ...	2002	12135896
the effect of dentine on fluorescence measurements of enamel lesions in vitro.	this study aimed to determine the contribution of the underlying dentine and the enamel-dentine junction to measurements of mineral loss from enamel recorded using quantitative light fluorescence (qlf). sixteen square blocks (5 x 5 mm) were cut from the labial surfaces of extracted bovine incisor teeth. a dental drill was used to remove dentine and the enamel-dentine junction from half of each specimen. all specimens were embedded in epoxy resin and ground to produce a smooth, flat enamel surfac ...	2002	12459608
national pharmaceutical stockpile drill analysis using xml data collection on wireless java phones.	this study describes an informatics effort to track subjects through a national pharmaceutical stockpile (nps) distribution drill. the drill took place in seattle on 1/24/2002. washington and the state department of health are among the first in the nation to stage a nps drill testing the distribution of medications to mock patients, thereby testing the treatment capacity of the plan given a post-anthrax exposure scenario. the goal of the public health informatics group at the university of wash ...	2002	12463848
the microwave drill.	we present a drilling method that is based on the phenomenon of local hot spot generation by near-field microwave radiation. the microwave drill is implemented by a coaxial near-field radiator fed by a conventional microwave source. the near-field radiator induces the microwave energy into a small volume in the drilled material under its surface, and a hot spot evolves in a rapid thermal-runaway process. the center electrode of the coaxial radiator itself is then inserted into the softened mater ...	2002	12386331
compressed-air power tools in orthopaedic surgery: exhaust air is a potential source of contamination.	to determine if the exhaust from surgical compressed-air power tools contains bacteria and if the exhaust leads to contamination of sterile surfaces.	2002	12439192
early healing processes of free tendon grafts within bone tunnels is bone-specific: a morphological study in a rabbit model.	in order to function as effective ligament replacements, free tendon grafts must become firmly healed into bone tunnels as soon as possible. we hypothesized that graft incorporation would be bone-specific. free semitendinosus tendon grafts were inserted into drill holes in a lapine medial collateral ligament reconstruction model; thus, creating tibial and femoral bone-specific incorporation sites. femur-semitendinosus tendon-tibia complexes were harvested from 26 rabbits for histological analysi ...	2002	11830377
drilling efficiency and temperature elevation of three types of kirschner-wire point.	an innovative kirschner (k-) wire point was developed and compared in fresh pig femora in terms of drilling efficiency and temperature elevation with the trochar and diamond points currently used in clinical practice. the tips of thermal couples were machined to the defined geometry and the temperature measured during drilling. using the same drill speed (rev/min) and feed rate, the new k-wire point produced the lowest thrust force and torque as measured by a kistler dynamometer. drill point tem ...	2002	11837819
root canal filling with calcium hydroxide using different techniques.	several different techniques for placing calcium hydroxide into root canals have been proposed, such as amalgam carriers, vertical pluggers, mcspadden compactors, lentulo drills, files and special syringes. because correct filling of the root canal is necessary for calcium hydroxide paste to act effectively, the aim of this research was to study different techniques of root canal filling with calcium hydroxide pastes in dog teeth. the placement of calcium hydroxide with a file, absorbent paper p ...	2002	11870964
frontal brain activity predicts individual performance in an associative memory exclusion test.	event-related brain potentials (erps) were recorded from 24 young adults during a recognition test including old, new, and recombined pairs composed of two words studied in different pairs. recombined pairs called for a response of 'new'. task difficulty was increased by repetition of some words during the study phase; a subject might study tower/pie, puppet/pie, drill/wreath and bee/wreath (pairs with a common word), and at test, encounter the common recombined pair of puppet/wreath (in additio ...	2002	12379606
[diagnostic and therapeutic value of percutaneous twist-drill puncture and needle exploration (author's transl)].		2003	307700
enveloping the tendon graft with periosteum to enhance tendon-bone healing in a bone tunnel: a biomechanical and histologic study in rabbits.	fixing and incorporating the tendon graft within the bone tunnel is a major concern when using grafts for ligament reconstruction. the periosteum contains multipotent stem cells and has the potential to form osteogenic and chondrogenic tissues. this study uses histologic and biomechanical analyses to examine the effect of periosteum on tendon-bone healing within a bone tunnel. type of study: experimental study in an animal model.	2003	12627154
isolation of cytomegalovirus and foamy virus from the drill monkey (mandrillus leucophaeus) and prevalence of antibodies to these viruses amongst wild-born and captive-bred individuals.	drill monkeys (mandrillus leucophaeus) are an endangered species whose indigenous viral flora is largely unknown. we report here the isolation and characterization of both a cytomegalovirus (drcmv) and a foamy virus (sfv-drl) from drill monkeys. phylogenetic analysis of dna sequence data placed the drcmv within a primate cmv clade, and showed that sfv-drl was closely related to baboon foamy viruses. elisa analysis demonstrated that drcmv shared common epitopes with other primate cmvs but was dis ...	2003	12607096
appositional bone formation in marginal defects at implants.	in a previous experiment, it was demonstrated that a wide marginal defect around an implant can heal with a high degree of osseointegration. the present experiment was performed to evaluate the degree and quality of de novo bone formation and osseointegration in marginal defects adjacent to submerged titanium implants. all mandibular premolars and 1st molars were extracted in four labrador dogs. four experimental sites were identified in the right side of the mandible. in two sites, custom-made ...	2003	12562359
effects of gas conditions, time of medium change, and ratio of medium to embryo on in vitro development of horse oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection.	this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of two different gas conditions (5% co(2) in air or 5% co(2), 5% o(2), 90% n(2), mixed gas), time of medium change (day 3 or 4) and ratio of medium to embryo (2, 5 or 10 microl per presumptive zygote) on the development of horse oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection and cultured in g1.2/2.2 medium. oocytes from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries were matured in vitro for 24 h and fertilized by injection of frozen-thawed sperm using mi ...	2003	12527070
in vivo bone response to porous calcium phosphate cement.	we conducted an in vivo experiment to evaluate the resorption rate of a calcium phosphate cement (cpc) with macropores larger than 100 microm, using the cpc called biocement d (merck biomaterial, darmstadt, germany), which after setting only shows pores smaller than 1 microm. the gas bubble method used during the setting process created macroporosity. preset nonporous and porous cement implants were inserted into the trabecular bone of the tibial metaphysis of goats. the size of the preset impla ...	2003	12635151
the use of acellular dermal matrix as a scaffold for periosteum replacement.	three preclinical models were used to evaluate graftjacket acellular periosteum replacement scaffold (wright medical technology, inc, arlington, tenn). the studies assessed the ability of the acellular dermal matrix to repopulate with cells, revascularize, provide a protected environment for bone defect restoration, and minimize fibrous tissue infiltration. an athymic nude rat muscle implantation study demonstrated a steady increase in cellular repopulation through days 2-21. the formation of bl ...	2003	12755232
[computer-assisted retrograde drilling of osteochondritic lesions of the talus with the help of fluoroscopic navigation].	due to the narrow access to the talar dome and the proximity of osteochondritic lesions to the joint surface, the therapeutic retrograde drilling often requires multiple attempts and repeated intraoperative x-ray-control. the advantages of a fluoroscopy-based computer-assisted navigation system regarding efficient planning and easy performance of the ideal drill path are evaluated in respect to accuracy and radiation exposure, as well as to time requirements.	2003	12929004
identification of resected root-end dentinal cracks: a comparative study of visual magnification.	the purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of visual enhancements as aids in identifying artificially created dentinal cracks in resected root ends. fifty human maxillary central incisors were decoronated, and the root canals were instrumented to iso size 50 at the working length. the apical 3 mm of the roots were resected, and cracks were artificially created in the apical dentin with an average load of 5.6 kg using a cylindrical wedge in a miniature drill ...	2003	12929699
insect attack and wounding induce traumatic resin duct development and gene expression of (-)-pinene synthase in sitka spruce.	conifers possess inducible terpenoid defense systems. these systems are associated with the formation of traumatic resin ducts (trd) and are underpinned by enhanced gene expression and activity of terpene synthases (tps), enzymes responsible for oleoresin formation. we first determined that sitka spruce (picea sitchensis [bong.] carriere) had the capacity for trd formation by mechanically wounding representative trees. we then proceeded to investigate whether the white pine weevil (pissodes stro ...	2003	12970502
the effect of passive ultrasonic activation of 2% chlorhexidine or 5.25% sodium hypochlorite irrigant on residual antimicrobial activity in root canals.	ninety-four single-canal roots were prepared using the step-down technique. forty-two canals were irrigated with 2% chlorhexidine, 42 canals with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (naocl), and 10 control canals with phosphate-buffered saline (pbs). the chlorhexidine and naocl groups were each then equally divided into a final irrigation group and a 1-min passive ultrasonic irrigation group. canals were enlarged with a parapost drill. the apical 3-5 mm was covered with nail polish. canals were rinsed wit ...	2003	14503827
effect of endodontic instrument taper on post retention.	the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of various tapers of canal preparations on the retention of posts. ninety human central or lateral mandibular incisors were prepared by removing the clinical crown at the cej and instrumenting the canals with instruments of varying tapers. the groups comprising 10 teeth each were divided as follows: taper 0.02 ni-ti hand files (control), taper 0.04 profile series 29, taper 0.06 profile series 29, taper 0.08 profile gt rotary, taper 0.10 profil ...	2003	12540225
localized insulin-like growth factor i delivery to enhance new bone formation.	insulin-like growth factor i (igf i) exerts an important role during skeletal growth and bone formation. therefore, its localized delivery appears attractive for the treatment of bone defects. to prolong igf i delivery, we entrapped the protein into biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres (plga ms) and evaluated the potential of this delivery system for new bone formation in two defect models of ovine long bones, i.e., a 8-mm methaphyseal drill hole and a 10-mm segmental tibia defe ...	2003	14555272
in vitro assessment of retention of four esthetic dowels to resin core foundation and teeth.	several new esthetic dowel systems are currently available for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth. these dowel systems enhance the esthetic quality of all-ceramic restorations better than metallic dowel systems.	2003	14668755
the role of human patient simulators in health-care training.	the use of human patient simulators in uk health-care training is increasing. these devices are educational tools for imparting knowledge, teaching technical skills, drill training and human factors training for single or multidisciplinary groups. this article explores some of the ways in which they are used, illustrated with examples of simulation training at barts and the london medical simulation centre.	2003	14671881
use of a three-drill-tract technique for arthrodesis of the distal tarsal joints in horses with distal tarsal osteoarthritis: 54 cases (1990-1999).	to assess the long-term clinical outcome of horses with distal tarsal osteoarthritis (oa) in which a 3-drill-tract technique was used to induce arthrodesis of the affected joints, identify any preoperative or operative factors associated with outcome, and describe any complications associated with the technique.	2003	14690210
the jumping distance revisited: an experimental study in the dog.	following tooth extraction, a socket often presents dimensions that may be considerably greater that the diameter of a conventional implant. the present experiment was performed to study the healing that occurred adjacent to implants placed in recipient sites with a wide marginal defect. four labrador dogs were used. in the right side of the mandible, four experimental sites were prepared to receive titanium implants [sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (sla) surface]. traditional implant insta ...	2003	12562363
autologous osteoblasts enhance osseointegration of porous titanium implants.	the goal of this study was to assess the osseointegration of porous titanium implants by means of coating with autologous osteoblasts. titanium implants (8 x 5 x 4 mm) having drill channels with diameters of 400, 500, and 600 microm were coated with autologous osteoblasts obtained from spongiosa chips. the implants were inserted into the distal femora of 17 adult chinchilla bastard rabbits (group i). uncoated implants were inserted as controls in the contralateral femur (group ii). the animals w ...	2003	12568951
nitrate distribution and denitrification in the saturated zone of paddy field under rice/wheat rotation.	nitrate concentration in well water collected from the wells near farm houses was investigated in the taihu lake basin (tbl) of china. nitrate-n content of the well water ranged from 0.1 to 23 mgnl(-1), and 41% exceeded the criteria (10 mg nl(-1)). it was found that the difference in well conditions, especially the depth of the well, was the main cause of the difference in the nitrate concentration of well water, i.e. it was higher in shallow well and lower in deeper well. a recommendation was m ...	2003	12688483
a biomechanical comparison of headless tapered variable pitch and ao cortical bone screws for fixation of a simulated slab fracture in equine third carpal bones.	to compare the mechanical shear strengths and stiffnesses obtained from in vitro testing of a simulated complete third carpal bone (c3) frontal plane radial facet slab fracture (osteotomy) stabilized with either a 4/5 acutrak (at) compression screw or a 4.5-mm ao cortical bone (ao) screw inserted in lag fashion. drilling, tapping, and screw insertion torques, forces, and times also were compared between at and ao implants.	2003	12692762
evaluation of a porous, biodegradable biopolymer scaffold for mandibular reconstruction.	bioresorbable bone graft substitutes could eliminate disadvantages associated with the use of autografts, allografts, and other synthetic materials. the authors investigated the osteoinductive capacity of a bioresorbable bone graft substitute made from the unsaturated polyester poly(propylene glycol-co-fumaric acid) (ppf) for mandibular reconstruction in a rat model. the eventual intention is to use this material either as a stand-alone bone graft substitute or as an extender to autograft harves ...	2003	12705295
potential application of high-resolution microfocus x-ray techniques for observation of bone structure and bone-implant interface.	the aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential application of 2 types of microfocus x-ray units to study the bone structure around dental implants and at the bone-implant interface.	2003	12705308
model experiment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo mechanism using the whole membranous labyrinth.	whole membranous labyrinths of bullfrogs were used in order to replicate the human vestibule. the posterior semicircular canals (pscs) were exposed, leaving the remaining membranous labyrinth encapsulated in the otic capsule. vibration was applied to the surface of the bony capsule using a conventional surgical drill in order to dislodge the otoconia from the utricle. the position of the preparation was controlled so that the dislodged otoconia were attached to the cupular surface. this was rega ...	2003	12797587
the fixation strength of six hamstring tendon graft fixation devices in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. part ii: tibial site.	tibial fixation is more problematic than femoral fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.	2003	12642250
characterization and comparison of recombinant simian immunodeficiency virus from drill (mandrillus leucophaeus) and mandrill (mandrillus sphinx) isolates.	since simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) was found to be the source of the human aids pandemic, a major goal has been to characterize the diversity of siv strains in the wild and to assess their potential for crossover into humans. in the present study, siv was isolated from a seropositive drill (mandrillus leucophaeus) and three seropositive mandrills (mandrillus sphinx) by using macaque peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). full-length sequences were obtained from a drill and mandrill an ...	2003	12663793
chemical weapon functional exercise--cincinnati: observations and lessons learned from a "typical medium-sized" city's response to simulated terrorism utilizing weapons of mass destruction.	in the wake of the september 11, 2001, attacks and the subsequent anthrax scare, there is growing concern about the united states' vulnerability to terrorist use of weapons of mass destruction (wmd). as part of ongoing preparation for this terrible reality, many jurisdictions have been conducting simulated terrorist incidents to provide training for the public safety community, hospitals, and public health departments. as an example of this national effort to improve domestic preparedness for su ...	2003	12766215
effects of occlusiveness of a titanium cap on bone generation beyond the skeletal envelope in the rabbit calvarium.	we evaluate the effects of occlusiveness of a titanium cap on bone generation beyond the skeletal envelope. in eight rabbits, the calvarial bone was exposed and a circular groove was prepared with a trephine drill. after marrow penetration, a standardized hemispherical titanium cap, either with or without small holes (1.5 mm in diameter), was then placed into the bone and covered by a cutaneous flap. after 1 month or 3 months of healing, the animals were euthanized and examined histologically. t ...	2003	12869008
compaction drilling does not increase the initial fixation strength of the hamstring tendon graft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in a cadaver model.	compaction of the bone tunnel walls has been proposed to increase the fixation strength of soft tissue grafts fixed with an interference screw in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions.	2003	12750126
enhancement of pedicle screw stability using calcium phosphate cement in osteoporotic vertebrae: in vivo biomechanical study.	we conducted an experimental study using female beagles with and without ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis to determine the effect of calcium phosphate cement (cpc) on the mechanical stability of inserted pedicle screws. a drill hole was created from the base of the transverse process to the vertebral body; cpc was injected into the hole, and then a screw was inserted into the same hole. in the presence of osteoporosis evidenced by dual x-ray absorptiometry, the stability of the inserted screw au ...	2003	12768486
vascular endothelial growth factor is expressed along with its receptors during the healing process of bone and bone marrow after drill-hole injury in rats.	in this study, we investigated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) mrna along with its receptors in the healing process following rat femoral drill-hole injury. the cellular events involved in the differential expression of vegf were studied by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immunocytochemistry, and in situ hybridization. abundant alkaline phosphatase-positive osteoprogenitor cells were present in the bone marrow cavity surrounding the wound region at da ...	2003	12753865
fabrication of precise cylindrical three-dimensional tissue engineering scaffolds for in vitro and in vivo bone engineering applications.	it is sometimes necessary to form highly porous polymeric tissue engineering scaffolds into various shapes and sizes. ideally, in these cases, the three-dimensional morphology should be maintained to the outer margins of the scaffold so as to provide optimum function. many biodegradable polymeric scaffolds are soft and delicate, however, and their poor physical strength presents a challenge when cutting these materials into the required shapes. we describe a simple device that can be used quickl ...	2003	12826802
the efficacy of trovafloxacin versus ceftriaxone in the treatment of experimental brain abscess/cerebritis in the rat.	current estimates of the mortality associated with brain abscesses range from 0-24%, with neurological sequellae in 30-55% of survivors. although the incidence of brain abscess appears to be increasing, likely due to an increase in the population of immunosuppressed patients, the condition is still sufficiently uncommon to make human clinical trials of therapy problematic. an animal model to study the efficacy of new treatment regimens, specifically, new antimicrobial agents is therefore necessa ...	2003	12888116
[case reports of suicide with an electric drill].	in this report, three cases of suicide by an electric power drill are described. in the first case, a man aged 51 was found with four penetrating wounds of the head and chest. the second case involves a 56-year-old man who suffered a penetrating craniocerebral injury and the third case involves a 53-year-old man who suffered one head injury and two chest injuries. in the first two cases, the victims were found dead. in the third case, the victim survived his injuries for 28 hours. the case histo ...	2003	12722555
surgical intervention in enchondral and membranous bone: intraindividual comparisons in the rabbit.	the long bones, which are of enchondral origin, are often used in histologic evaluations of dental implants that clinically will be placed in bones of membranous origin.	2003	15127997
heat distribution and heat transport in bone during radiofrequency catheter ablation.	to assess the feasibility of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in large bone tumours, the heat distribution in cortical bone and marrow around inserted electrodes was measured.	2003	12721686
optothermal transfer simulation in laser-irradiated human dentin.	laser technology has been studied as a potential replacement to the conventional dental drill. however, to prevent pulpal cell damage, information related to the safety parameters using high-power lasers in oral mineralized tissues is needed. in this study, the heat distribution profiles at the surface and subsurface regions of human dentine samples irradiated with a nd:yag laser were simulated using crank-nicolson's finite difference method for different laser energies and pulse durations. heat ...	2003	12683857
evaluation of a transpedicular drill guide for pedicle screw placement in the thoracic spine.	insertion of pedicle screws in the thoracic spine is technically difficult and may lead to major complications. although many computer-assisted systems have been developed to optimize pedicle screw insertion, these systems are expensive, not user-friendly and involve significant radiation from pre-operative computed tomographic (ct) scan imaging. this study describes and evaluates a transpedicular drill guide (tdg) designed to assist in the proper placement of pedicle screws in the thoracic spin ...	2003	12783286
experimental robotic milling in skull-base surgery.	in the field of otorhinolaryngology, a variety of skull implants have been developed to assist hearing-impaired or even deaf patients. the first step in the implantation procedure, and also in lateral skull-base surgery, is to drill the calvarian or mastoid bone. we intended to investigate the hitherto unknown parameters for performing this procedure and to establish the first set-up for robotic milling of the lateral skull base.	2003	14708758
laser-induced temperature changes in dentine.	the purpose of this work is to study the temperature rise and potential thermal damage caused during ablation of human dentine using a super pulsed carbon dioxide laser of 9.6-microm wavelength, equipped with a water-cooling spray and scanner system.	2003	14709223
synovial fluid depletion: successful arthrodesis without operative cartilage removal.	operative arthrodesis has been thought to require surgical removal of remaining joint cartilage, but we have found in rabbits that even a joint with intact cartilage can fuse if rigidly fixed. this may enable new percutaneous techniques for arthrodesis. rigid adaptation of the joint surfaces deprives the cartilage of mechanical stimulation and depletes the cells of synovial fluid transport of oxygen and nutrition. to better understand the requirements for successful arthrodesis, we studied the h ...	2003	12898315
[anatomical landmarks and surgical limits in the suboccipital transmeatal approach to the acoustic neuroma].	to completely remove the intracanalicular portion of the acoustic neuroma through the retrosigmoid approach, we must open the posterior wall of the internal auditory canal (iac). therefore, drilling the iac is one of the key steps we need to take in the transmeatal surgical approach. nevertheless, there are no clear anatomical landmarks to identify structures such as the semicircular canals, the jugular bulb or air cells. the individual anatomical variations and those caused by the tumour itself ...	2003	12754640