Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| effects of 1,3-dicliloropropene for meloidogyne incognita management on cotton produced under furrow irrigation. | field trials were conducted during 1990 to evaluate the effects of preplant soil fumigation with 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) on yield and fiber quality of furrow-irrigated cotton cultivars subjected to high population densities of meloidogyne incognita. we measured the responses of eight upland cotton cultivars with different levels of root-knot nematode resistance and compared the responses of upland and pima cottons. reductions in lint weight ranged from 10 to 52% among cultivars grown in soil ... | 1993 | 19279835 |
| spatial and temporal interactions of meloidogyne incognita and soybean. | the spatial and temporal dynamics of meloidogyne incognita, relative to soybean shoot and root growth in field microplots, were determined at 11 sampling dates during a growing season. the population dynamics of m. incognita on soybean were dependent on initial population (pi), soil moisture, and root spatial distribution. final egg and juvenile population densities were greatest in plots with higher pi. the population densities of juveniles and eggs were highest from mid- to late-season and wer ... | 1993 | 19279833 |
| dynamics of concomitant populations of meloidogyne incognita and criconemella xenoplax on peach. | the interaction between meloidogyne incognita and criconemella xenoplax on nematode reproduction and growth of lovell peach was studied in field microlots and the greenhouse. meloidogyne incognita suppressed reproduction of c. xenoplax in both field and greenhouse experiments. tree growth, as measured by trunk diameter, was reduced (p </= 0.05) in the presence of m. incognita as compared with c. xenoplax of the uninoculated control trees 26 months following inoculation. a similar response regard ... | 1993 | 19279823 |
| response of peach scion cultivars and rootstocks to meloidogyne incognitain vitro and in microplots. | the response of the peach scion cultivars, jerseyqueen, redhaven, compact redhaven, and rio oso gem and rootstocks 'lovely and 'nemaguard' to inoculation with meloidogyne incognita was compared in vitro and in microplots. one or more parameters monitored in vitro correlated with at least one parameter monitored in microplots, 4 years after tree planting (1989). a range of responses was observed from highlysusceptible in lovell to resistant in nemaguard. in vitro and microplot data suggest high a ... | 1993 | 19279797 |
| dynamics of the nuclear complement of giant cells induced by meloidogyne incognita. | the total numbers of nuclei in giant cells induced by meloidogyne incognita in pea, lettuce, tomato, and broad bean were determined. mature giant cells from pea had the most nuclei per giant cell with a mean of 59 +/- 23, lettuce had the fewest with 26 +/- 16, and tomato and broad bean were intermediate. the rate of increase in numbers of nuclei for all plant species was greatest during the first 7 days after inoculation. no mitotic activity was observed in giant cells associated with adult nema ... | 1993 | 19279788 |
| energetics of meloidogyne incognita on resistant and susceptible alyceclover genotypes. | to determine the energy cost of a population of meloidogyne incognita on the roots of alyceclover, nematode biomass was estimated and equations in the literature were used to calculate energy budgets. amounts of energy consumed, respired, or used in production of nematode biomass were calculated. results suggested that severe infestations of root-knot nematodes can remove significant quantities of energy from their hosts. over a 36-day period, a population of 2.6 females of m. incognita per root ... | 1993 | 19279766 |
| an in vitro test for temperature sensitivity and resistance to meloidogyne incognita in tomato. | an in vitro root explant tissue culture technique is described for determining susceptibility of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill.) breeding lines and cultivars to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. root explants were taken from 2-day-old seedlings cultured for 30 days at 28 c on gamborg's b-5 medium with or without nematode inoculum. the remaining portion of the root and stem from the excised root explants was transferred to soil in pots and grown to maturity in the greenhouse. i ... | 1993 | 19279747 |
| use of nematodes as biomonitors of nonfumigant nematicide movement through field soil. | three field experiments were established in a loamy sand soil in the coastal plain of north carolina to determine downward movement of aldicarb and fenamiphos with a nematode bioassay. penetration of bioassay plant roots by meloidogyne incognita was measured at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after treatment in the greenhouse as a means of determining nematicide effectiveness. chemical movement was similar in planted and fallow soil. nematicidal activity was greater in soil collected from the 0 to ... | 1993 | 19279744 |
| population development of meloidogyne incognita on soybean defoliated by pseudoplusia includens. | greenhouse studies examined population densities of meloidogyne incognita race 4 on soybean (glycine max 'davis') defoliated by larvae of soybean looper (pseudoplusia indudens (walker)). plants were defoliated over a 2-week period beginning 5 weeks after seedlings were transplanted. four groups of plants were infested with nematodes (5,000 eggs/pot) at 2-week intervals to allow harvesting of plants at 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks postdefoliation (wpd). plants in each group were harvested 4 weeks after n ... | 1993 | 19279741 |
| inheritance of heat-stable resistance to meloidogyne incognita in lycopersicon peruvianum and its relationship to the mi gene. | the inheritance of heat-stable resistance to the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) chitwood, was studied in crosses between different accessions and clones of lycopersicon peruvianum l. f1, f2 and bc1 generations were evaluated for their index of resistance based on numbers of eggs and infective second-stage juveniles (j2) per gram of root, and the segregation ratios were determined in experiments carried out at constant soil temperatures of 25 °c and 30 °c. l. peruvia ... | 1993 | 24196050 |
| the interaction of so2 and root-knot nematode on tomato. | intermittent exposure of tomato plants (cv. pusa ruby) to so(2) at 286 microg m(-3) (3 h every heavy third day for 75 days) induced slight chlorosis of leaves. at 571 microg m(-3), considerable chlorosis with browning developed on the foliage. these symptoms were more pronounced and appeared earlier on so(2)-exposed plants infected with meloidogyne incognita race 1 (mi), especially in post- and concomitant-inoculation exposures. mi and/or so(2) significantly reduced different parameters of plant ... | 1993 | 15091816 |
| suppression of meloidogyne chitwoodi with sudangrass cultivars as green manure. | meloidogyne chitwoodi race 1 reproduced on piper sudangrass (sorghum bicolor (l.) moench), 332 (sudangrass hybrid), and p855f and p877f (sorghum-sudangrass hybrids), but failed to reproduce efficiently on trudan 8, trudex 9 (sudangrass hybrids), and sordan 79, ss-222, and bravo ii (sorghum-sudangrass hybrids). meloidogyne chitwoodi race 2 behaved similarly and reproduced more efficiently on piper, p855f, and p877f than on trudan 8, trudex 9, or sordan 79. the mean reproductive factor for m. chit ... | 1993 | 19279773 |
| influence of temperature on the virulence of two races of meloidogyne chitwoodi on wheat and barley. | races of the columbia root-knot nematode, meloidogyne chitzooodi, from idaho (r1) and utah (r2) suppressed (p < 0.05) tillering of dusty winter wheat, fielder spring wheat, luther winter barley, and steptoe spring barley at 15-30 c. nematode inoculum density was negatively correlated with tillering (r = -0.79). inoculum densities of both nematode races were negatively correlated with heads per plant (r = -0.83), head length (r = -0.87), and head dry weight (r = 0.73) of fielder spring wheat and ... | 1993 | 19279794 |
| reproductive and damage potentials of two populations of rotylenchulus reniformis on sweetpotato and related comparisons with meloidogyne javanica on tomato. | two rotylenchulus reniformis populations (north carolina and georgia) were compared on sweetpotato and tomato. 'beauregard' sweetpotato and 'better boy' and 'marion' tomato were excellent hosts for both r. reniformis populations. on beauregard sweetpotato, the two populations did not differ in fecundity; however, on both tomato cultivars, the georgia population reproduced at a higher rate than the north carolina population (p </= 0.05). meloidogyne javanica reproduction was higher (p </= 0.05) o ... | 1993 | 19279849 |
| effects of chicken-excrement amendments on meloidogyne arenaria. | the effects of chicken litter on meloidogyne arenaria in tomato plants cv. rutgers were determined in the greenhouse. tomato seedlings were transplanted into a sandy soil amended with five rates of chicken litter and inoculated with 2,000 m. arenaria eggs. after 10 days, total numbers of nematodes in the roots decreased with increasing rates of chicken litter. after 46 days, egg numbers also decreased with increasing litter rates. in another experiment, soil was amended with two litter types, n- ... | 1993 | 19279745 |
| a centrifugation method for attaching endospores of pasteuria spp. to nematodes. | attachment of relatively low numbers of endospores from two isolates of pasteuria spp. to several species of nematodes was consistently achieved in 2-5 minutes with a centrifugation technique. the rate of attachment of pasteuria penetrans at 10 endospores/0.1 ml/tube to second-stage juveniles (j2) of meloidogyne javanica, m. incognita race 1, m. incognita race 3, and m. arenaria races 1 and 2 in two tests averaged 4.4, 5.2, 0.1, 0.3, and 0 endospores per j2, respectively. the rate of attachment ... | 1993 | 19279840 |
| differential sensitivity of meloidogyne spp. and heterodera glycines to selected nematicides. | differential sensitivity of meloidogyne arenaria, m. hapla, m. incognita, m. javanica, and heterodera glycines races 1 and 5 to the nonfumigant nematicides aldicarb, ethoprop, and fenamiphos was evaluated using a 48-hour root-penetration bioassay. generally, h. glycines was more tolerant of the nematicides, especially ethoprop, than were the meloidogyne species. among meloidogyne species, m. incognita was most sensitive to aldicarb and fenamiphos, but its reaction to ethoprop was similar to the ... | 1993 | 19279834 |
| meloidogyne incognita and rotylenchulus reniformis and associated soil textures from some cotton production areas of texas. | the incidence of meloidogyne incognita and rotylenchulus reniformis on cotton was determined in 1989-92 from 1,089 soil samples collected from 31 counties that account for nearly 60% of the 2.2 million hectares planted to cotton in texas. meloidogyne incognita was commonly found in the southern high plains and brazos river valley regions of texas (57% and 34%, respectively, of samples) but was found in less than 8% of samples from the central blacklands, coastal bend, low plains, or the upper gu ... | 1993 | 19279860 |
| velvetbean in rotation with soybean for management of heterodera glycines and meloidogyne arenaria. | the effect of previous crops - soybean (glycine max) or velvetbean (mucuna deeringiana) - and aldicarb on yield and nematode numbers for selected soybean cultivars was studied in a field infested with a mixture of meloidogyne arenaria and heterodera glycines. soybean following velvetbean yielded 959 kg/ha more than soybean following soybean. nematicide treatment resulted in increased yield, and there was no interaction between nematicide treatment and previous crop. cultivars interacted signific ... | 1993 | 19279845 |
| resistance to meloidogyne javanica and rotylenchulus reniformis in wild relatives of pigeonpea. | meloidogyne javanica and rotylenchulus reniformis are important nematode pests of pigeonpea. greenhouse evaluation of 66 accessions of 25 species of cajanus, rhynchosia, and flemingia for resistance to m. javanica based on number and size of galls, galled area of root, and number of egg masses showed resistance to be available in these wild relatives of pigeonpea. thirty-five accessions had </= 10 galls. five accessions of c. scarabaeoides (icpw 92, 101, 103, 128, and 133) had very small or no g ... | 1993 | 19279848 |
| the future of nematology: integration of new and improved management strategies. | the potential for managing plant-parasitic nenlatodes by combining two or more control strategies in an integrated program is examined. advantages of this approach include the use of partially effective strategies and protection of highly effective ones vulnerable from nematode adaptation or environmental risk. strategies can be combined sequentially from season to season or applied simultaneously. programs that have several strategies available but that are limited in the true integration of co ... | 1993 | 19279784 |
| induction patterns of an extensin gene in tobacco upon nematode infection. | when sedentary endoparasitic nematodes infect plants, they induce complex feeding sites within the root tissues of their host. to characterize cell wall changes induced within these structures at a molecular level, we studied the expression of an extensin gene (coding for a major structural cell wall protein) in nematode-infected tobacco roots. extensin gene expression was observed to be induced very early upon infection. this induction was weak, transient, and probably due to wounding during pe ... | 1993 | 12271052 |
| summer cropping effects on the abundance of meloidogyne arenaria race 2 and subsequent soybean yield. | a summer-planted crop of alyceelover significantly (p < 0.05) increased the soil abundance of meloidogyne arenaria race 2 juveniles by 3.7-fold when measured in the following spring. maize, sorghum, and soybean had no significant effects on residual nematode numbers over the same period. summer plantings of aeschynomene, cotton, hairy indigo, tespedeza, millet, peanut, and sorghum-sudangrass were as efficient as fallow in reducing root-knot nematode population levels. soybean yields (averaging 2 ... | 1993 | 19279844 |
| morphometric evaluation of hypotriploid and triploid populations of meloidogyne arenaria. | a morphometric comparison of seven hypotriploid populations with five pooled triploid populations of meloidogyne arenaria was made using standard descriptive statistics, stepwise discriminant analysis (sda), and cluster analysis. six morphometric characters of females, 14 of second-stage juveniles (j2), and 18 of males were measured for each population. useful differentiating characters included: body length in j2; stylet length in females and j2; stylet-knob dimensions in females and males; dor ... | 1993 | 19279751 |
| morphological comparison of seven hypotriploid populations of meloidogyne arenaria with the typical triploid populations. | a morphological comparison of seven hypotriploid populations of meloidogyne arenaria was made to clarify their taxonomic status, using light and scanning electron microscopy. all populations differed from each other and from the typical triploid m. arenaria by certain features. differences were not regarded as sufficient to justify recognition of the variants as distinct species. morphological divergence of populations from the typical m. arenaria was gradual. the most useful characters were sty ... | 1993 | 19279750 |
| parasitism of heterodera schachtii and meloidogyne javanica by hirsutella rhossiliensis in microplots over two growing seasons. | numbers of cyst and root-knot nematodes and percentage parasitism by the nematophagous fungus hirsutella rhossiliensis were quantified in microplots over 2 years. the microplots contained either sugarbeets in loam infested with heterodera schachtii or tomatoes in sand infested with meloidogyne javanica. the fungus was added to half of the microplots for each crop. although h. rhossiliensis established in both microplot soils, the percentage of nematodes parasitized did not increase with nematode ... | 1993 | 19279790 |
| meloidogyne javanica parasitic on peanut. | peanut fields in four governorates of egypt were surveyed to identify species of meloidogyne present. fourteen populations obtained from peanut roots were all identified as m. javanica based on perineal patterns, stylet and body lengths of second-stage juveniles, esterase phenotypes, and restriction fragment length polymorphisms of mtdna. three of 14 populations, all from contiguous fields in the behara governorate, had individuals with a unique two-isozyme esterase phenotype. all populations of ... | 1994 | 19279913 |
| response of resistant soybean plant introductions to meloidogyne arenaria races 1 and 2. | resistant plant introductions, pi 230977 and pi 200538, and partially resistant jackson and susceptible cns were evaluated for seed yield in response to races 1 and 2 of meloidogyne arenaria. initial soil population densities (pi) of the nematode were 0, 31, 125, and 500 eggs/100 cm(3) soil. at the highest pi, yield suppressions of cns, jackson, pi 230977, and pi 200538 were 55, 28, 31, and 29%, and 99, 86, 66, and 58% for races 1 and 2 compared with uninfested controls. numbers of second-stage ... | 1994 | 19279881 |
| low, but strongly structured mitochondrial dna diversity in root knot nematodes (meloidogyne). | root-knot nematodes (genus meloidogyne) have been the subject of recent and numerous studies of genetic variation because of the need to develop molecular diagnostics for the four globally distributed, parthenogenetic species that are significant agricultural pests. our analysis of meloidogyne mtdna improves on previous studies: (i) by examining restriction site polymorphism among a large number of isolates also characterized for standard morphological, host range and allozyme phenotypes; (ii) b ... | 1994 | 7911772 |
| the structure of syncytia induced by the phytoparasitic nematode nacobbus aberrans in tomato roots, and the possible role of plasmodesmata in their nutrition. | the structure of syncytia induced within galls in tomato roots by the false root-knot nematode nacobbus aberrans has been examined by light and electron microscopy. a syncytium develops by breakdown or individual cell walls, which allows movement of cytoplasmic contents between transformed cells. the wall breakdown takes place at pit fields, where the plasmodesmata may be protected from digestion until the surrounding wall is removed. numerous sieve elements differentiate in the cells outside th ... | 1994 | 197113 |
| root-knot nematode--directed expression of a plant root--specific gene. | root-knot nematodes are obligate plant parasites that induce development of an elaborate feeding site during root infection. feeding-site formation results from a complex interaction between the pathogen and the host plant in which the nematode alters patterns of plant gene expression within the cells destined to become the feeding site. expression of tobrb7, a gene expressed only in tobacco roots, is induced during feeding site development. the cis-acting sequences that mediate induction by the ... | 1994 | 17839183 |
| methods for the study of verticillium chlamydosporium in the rhizosphere. | methods for screening isolates of the nematophagous fungus, v. chlamydosporium, for their ability to colonize the surface of plant roots are described. significant differences in the extent of colonization were observed in sterile conditions and in soil; plant species and cultivars also differed in their ability to support a selected isolate of the fungus. although fungal density could be estimated using a semi-selective medium, it was not possible to separate differences in vegetative growth fr ... | 1994 | 19279929 |
| occurrence of pasteuria spp. in florida. | two years of data collected from the florida nematode assay laboratory of the florida cooperative extension service and 4 years of data from the florida department of agriculture and consumer services, division of plant industry, were compiled to find out the distribution of pasteuria spp. on nematodes in florida soils. information recorded came from 335 samples and included nematode genera with pasteuria endospores attached, host plants associated with the samples, and the origins of the sample ... | 1994 | 19279936 |
| host response of ornamental palms to rotylenchulus reniformis. | the responses of 20 species of ornamental palms and one cycad (cycas revoluta) to two populations of the reniform nematode, rotylenchulus reniformis, from southern florida were studied in two greenhouse experiments conducted in 1989-1991 and 1991-92. ornamental palms in pots were exposed to initial population densities of 400 and 1,500 r. reniformis/l00 cm(3) soil for 16 and 15 months, respectively. nematode reproduction occurred on acoelorrhaphe wrightii and washingtonia robusta, but not on the ... | 1994 | 19279956 |
| host status of 32 plant species to meloidogyne konaensis. | a host suitability study of 32 plant species to meloidogyne konaensis included 54 vegetable cultivars, 12 field crop cultivars, one gardenia sp., and two weed species. host suitability was classified according to a m. konaensis reproductive factor: final population density (pf) (eggs + j2) / initial population density (pi) (eggs). the number of eggs per gram dry root, and a galling index was also included. reproductive factor ranges and percentages of plants in the ranges were as follows: pf/pi ... | 1994 | 19279957 |
| response of some common annual bedding plants to three species of meloidogyne. | twelve ornamental bedding plant cultivars were grown in soil infested with isolates of meloidogyne incognita race 1, m. javanica, or m. arenaria race 1 in a series of tests in containers in a growth room. root galling (0-5 scale) and eggs/plant were evaluated 8-10 weeks after soil infestation and seedling transplantation. snapdragon, antirrhinum majus cv. first ladies, was extensively galled and highly susceptible (mean gall rating >/=4.2 and >/=14,500 eggs/plant), and celosia argentea cv. centu ... | 1994 | 19279963 |
| response of meloidogyne spp. to pasteuria penetrans, fungi, and cultural practices in tobacco. | the response of a mixed population of meloidogyne incognita and m. javanica to three cultural practices, tobacco cultivars (two cultivars, differing in resistance to m. incognita), cover treatments (three treatments), and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (two treatments), pasteuria penetrans, and soil-borne fungi was investigated in a tobacco field in 1991. on all sampling dates, higher densities of root-knot nematodes were observed on tobacco cv. coker 371 gold than on k-326. initially, forage sor ... | 1994 | 19279937 |
| reaction of pigeonpea cultivars and germplasm accessions to the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne javanica. | meloidogyne javanica is an important nematode pest of pigeonpea. thirty-four pigeonpea cultivars and 227 germplasm accessions were evaluated for resistance to m. javanica based on number of galls, egg masses, size of galls, and area of root covered with galls. galls were not formed on 75% of the cultivars, and no egg masses were observed on the roots of four cultivars (upas 120, pant a3, co 1, and bdn 2); however, shoot mass of 64% of the cultivars was reduced by m. javanica. pant a3, anm 504, a ... | 1994 | 19279941 |
| rotations with coastal bermudagrass, cotton, and bahiagrass for management of meloidogyne arenaria and southern blight in peanut. | the efficacy of coastal bermudagrass (cynodon dactylon) as a rotation crop for controt of root-knot nematode (meloidogyne arenaria) in 'florunner' peanut (arachis hypogoea) was evaluated in a 3-year field trial. coastal bermudagrass-peanut rotation (cbp) was compared with peanut monoculture without nematicide (p - ) and peanut monoculture with aldicarb (p + ). the performance of cbp was also compared with 'pensacola' bahiagrass (paspalum notatum)-peanut (bp), and 'deltapine 90' cotton (gossypium ... | 1994 | 19279945 |
| evaluation of fosthiazate for management of meloidogyne javanica in florida flue-cured tobacco. | one grower trial and two experiment station tests were conducted to evaluate a new nematicide, fosthiazate, for management of meloidogyne javanica in florida flue-cured tobacco. fosthiazate was applied broadcast and incorporated at rates ranging from 21 to 84 g/100 m(2) and compared with 1,3-dichloropropene at 240 and 460 ml/100 m(2) and fenamiphos at 67 g/100 m(2). all fosthiazate treatments increased tobacco yields and reduced root galling. application of 1,3-d provided the highest tobacco yie ... | 1994 | 19279951 |
| description of the kona coffee root-knot nematode, meloidogyne konaensis n. sp. | meloidogyne konaensis n. sp. is described from coffee from kona on the island of hawaii. the perineal pattern of the female is variable in morphology, the medial lips of the female are divided into distinct lip pairs, and the excretory pore is 2-3 stylet lengths from the base of the stylet. mean stylet length is 16.0 mum, and the knobs gradually merge with the shaft. the knobs are indented anteriorly and rounded posteriorly and the dorsal esophageal gland orifice (dego) is long, 3.5-7 mum. the m ... | 1994 | 19279905 |
| raphanus sativus, sinapis alba, and fagopyrum esculentum as hosts to meloidogyne incognita, meloidogyne javanica, and plasmodiophora brassicae. | cultivars of oilseed radish (raphanus sativus var. oleifera cv. adagio, nemex, pegletta, renova, siletina, siletta nova, and ultimo), white mustard (sinapis alba cv. albatross, emergo, maxi, martigena, metex, and serval), buckwheat (fagopyrum esculentum cv. prego, tardo), and phacelia (phacelia tanacetifolia cv. angelia) were tested for susceptibility to meloidogyne incognita race 3 and meloidogyne javanica. experiments were conducted in growth chambers at 25 c and 16 hours light for 42 days aft ... | 1994 | 19279960 |
| plant-parasitic nematodes associated with cherry rootstocks in michigan. | in two field trials, 10-year-old sweet and tart cherry rooted on 'mazzard', 'mahaleb', 'mxm 2', 'mxm 14', 'mxm 39', 'mxm 60', 'mxm 97', and 'colt' showed 10-203 pratylenchus penetrans per g fresh root from all tart rootstocks, and up to 46 pratylenchus, criconemella, and xiphinema spp. per 100 cm(3) soil. infestation of soil containing 1-year-old mazzard, mahaleb, mxm 60, 'gi148-1', and 'g1148-8' with 625/100 cm(3) soil of either p. penetrans or c. xenoplax resulting in final nematode population ... | 1994 | 19279962 |
| resistance of diploid triticeae species and accessions to the columbia root-knot nematode, meloidogyne chitwoodi. | the columbia root-knot nematode, meloidogyne chitwoodi race 2, is associated with several plant species, including members of the tribe triticeae. we evaluated 15 diploid species for m. chitwoodi gall and reproductive indices from the following genera: agropyron, pseudoroegneria, hordeum, psathyrostachys, and thinopyrum. species from the genus thinopyrum (thinopyrum bessarabicum; j genome) and psathyrostachys (psathyrostachys fragilis, p. juncea, p. stoloniformis; n genome) expressed more resist ... | 1994 | 19279939 |
| competition between the plant-parasitic nematodes pratylenchus neglectus and meloidogyne chitwoodi. | in experiments on competition between pratylenchus neglectus and meloidogyne chitwoodi in barley, the species that parasitized the roots first inhibited penetration by the latter species. prior presence of p. neglectus impeded the development of m. chitwoodi. pratylenchus neglectus reduced egg production, final population levels, and reproductive index of m. chitwoodi. the reduction was linearly related to initial population densities of p. neglectus. initial population densities of m. chitwoodi ... | 1994 | 19279894 |
| reproduction of virulent isolates of meloidogyne incognita on susceptible and mi-resistant tomato. | the reproductive potential of natural and laboratory-selected meloidogyne incognita isolates virulent against the tomato mi resistance gene, all derived from a single egg-mass, were compared when the nematodes were inoculated on susceptible and resistant tomato. fewer second-stage juveniles (p = 0.01) of the two virulent populations selected under laboratory conditions matured to females on the resistant tomato compared to the susceptible cultivar. in contrast, no differences were found between ... | 1994 | 19279899 |
| partial characterization of cytosolic superoxide dismutase activity in the interaction of meloidogyne incognita with two cultivars of glycine max. | the closely related soybean (glycine max) cultivars centennial and pickett 71 were confirmed to be resistant and susceptible, respectively, to the root-knot nematode meloidogryne incognita. increases in superoxide dismutase (sod) activity were detected in roots of both soybean cultivars 48 hours following inoculation. superoxide dismutase activity increased in roots of the susceptible cultivar overall, but declined after 96 hours in roots of the resistant cultivar. the isoelectric points of sod ... | 1994 | 19279911 |
| low-temperature scanning electron microscope observations of the meloidogyne incognita egg mass: the gelatinous matrix and embryo development. | the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita was cultured monoxenically on excised tomato roots. galls and egg masses were observed daily using a light microscope. two phases were distinguished in the gelatinous matrix of the egg mass: a translucent, amorphous material on the surface of the egg mass and a denser, layered phase in which nematode eggs were deposited. egg masses were also cryofixed, fractured, and observed as frozen, hydrated specimens on a cold stage in a scanning electron microsc ... | 1994 | 19279909 |
| survey of meloidogyne spp. in tomato production fields of baix llobregat county, spain. | a survey was conducted to determine the frequency and abundance of meloidogyne spp. in tomato production sites located in baix llobregat county, barcelona, spain. forty-five sites were sampled before planting and at harvest from february to october, 1991. meloidogyne spp. occurred in 49% of the sites sampled. preplant population densities ranged from 10 to 220 (x = 110)juveniles/ 250 cm(3) soil, and final population densities ranged from 20 to 1,530 (x = 410)juveniles/250 cm(3) soil. final popul ... | 1994 | 19279955 |
| efficacy and compatibility for fenamiphos and eptc applied in irrigation water for nematode and weed control in snapbean production. | a nematicide (fenamiphos) and a herbicide (eptc) were injected into a sprinkler irrigation system separately and as tank mixtures and applied in 25.4 kl water/ha for nematode and weed control on snapbean. there were no differences (p = 0.05) between methods of injection of fenamiphos + eptc on efficacy or crop response. the root-gall indices of cultivars eagle and gv 50 were lower in fenamiphos-treated plots than those treated with eptc alone and untreated plots. the yield and crop value were gr ... | 1994 | 19279949 |
| optimal levels of meloidogyne incognita inoculum for infection of tomato and peach in vitro. | penetration of second-stage juveniles (j2) of meloidogyne incognita into tomato root explants and in vitro propagated peach plantlet roots were compared. five inoculum levels were used: 25, 50, 75, 100, and 200 j2 for tomato; and 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1,000j2 for peach. the greatest root penetration into tomato was 30% at the 75 j2 level, but the maximum penetration into peach roots was only 8% at the 200 j2 level. the difference (p = 0.05) in penetration of m. incognita at all inoculum levels ... | 1994 | 19279926 |
| influence of 1,3-dichloropropene, fenamiphos, and carbofuran on meloidogyne incognita populations and yield of chile peppers. | field trials were conducted during 1986, 1988, 1989, and 1991 to compare the effects of 1,3-dichloropropene, fenamiphos, and carbofuran on yield and quality of chile peppers (capsicum annuum) in soil infested with meloidogyne incognita. when compared with untreated plots, numbers of m. incognita juveniles recovered from soil 60 and(or) 90 days after chile pepper emergence were reduced (p = 0.05) following 1,3-d treatment every year except 1986. nematode numbers were also reduced (p = 0.05) by fe ... | 1994 | 19279948 |
| reaction of ten cultivars of watermelon (citrullus lanatus) to a puerto rican population of meloidogyne incognita. | ten cultivars of watermelon were evaluated for their response to a puerto rican population of meloidogyne incognita under greenhouse conditions in a 2-year study (1989 and 1990). ten-day-old seedlings were planted in steam-sterilized soil in 15-cm-d plastic pots. the nematode inoculum consisted of 10,000 eggs and (or) second-stage juveniles (j2)/plant. the cultivars were sugar baby, charleston gray, seedless, prince charles, charleston 76, jubilee, florida giant, royal charleston, royal sweet, a ... | 1994 | 19279940 |
| efficacy of fenamiphos formulations applied through irrigation for control of meloidogyne incognita on squash. | management ofmeloidogyne incognita by chemigation with fenamiphos was studied in an infested field planted to m. incognita-suscepfible yellow summer squash cv. dixie hybrid. fenamiphos (vl 73.1% a.i. manufacturing concentrate in propylene glycol) was mixed with unitol dsr-90 or used as fenamiphos 3 sc (spray concentrate). both formulations, applied with 63.5 kl irrigation water per hectare, decreased numbers of m. incognita second-stage juveniles in the soil and root-gall indices, and increased ... | 1994 | 19279950 |
| plant-cyst nematode and plant-root-knot nematode interactions. | root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes are obligate plant parasites that cause extensive damage to the agriculture of both temperate and tropical countries. in this review, andreas niebel, godelieve gheysen and marc van montagu describe how, in the past decade, the use of molecular techniques has provided new insights in the complex interactions between these sedentary plant-parasitic nematodes and their infected host plants. they give an account of the progress in our understanding of both the ... | 1994 | 15275524 |
| host status of crotalaria juncea, sesamum indicum, dolichos lablab, and elymus glaucus to meloidogyne javanica. | reproduction of meloidogyne javanica on crotalaria juncea pi 207657 and cv. tropic sun, sesamum indicum, dolichos lablab, and elymus glaucus was assessed using a root-gall index, a reproductive index obtained by dividing the final population of juveniles (j2) in soil by the initial j2 population (pf/pi), and the number of j2 per gram of root recovered from roots by mist chamber extraction. lycopersicon esculentum (cv. uc 204 c) was included as a susceptible host. the root-gall index and soil rep ... | 1994 | 19279920 |
| genetic polymorphism between and within meloidogyne species detected with rapd markers. | genetic analyses were conducted on root-knot nematode populations belonging to the four major species of the genus meloidogyne and originating from many countries throughout the world. discrete genetic markers used in this study were random genomic dna sequences amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (rapd). primers of 17-30 nucleotides with 30-55% g + c content were tested. five of them generated a total of 74 scorable markers that provided reliable polymorphisms both between and within spe ... | 1994 | 7828838 |
| penetration of crotalaria juncea, dolichos lablab, and sesamum indicum roots by meloidogyne javanica. | penetration of crotalaria juncea (pi 207657 and cv. tropic sun) dolichos lablab cv. highworth, and sesamum indicum by juveniles (j2) of meloidogyne javanica was assessed to investigate the mechanism by which these plants may reduce nematode numbers in the field. growth chamber experiments were conducted at 25 c, with vials containing 90 g sand infested with 450 j2; tomato (uc 204 c) was included as a susceptible host. fifteen days after inoculation, roots were stained and the nematodes within st ... | 1994 | 19279887 |
| control of plant-parasitic nematodes by a nematicidal strain ofaspergillus niger. | an isolate ofaspergillus niger (designated pd-42) was evaluated in laboratory, greenhouse, and field trials for efficacy in controlling plant-parasitic nematodes. in greenhouse experiments, pd-42 drenches containing spores of pd-42 on oatmeal significantly reduced galling on tomato due to root-knot nematode as compared to untreated controls. in a one-half acre field experiment, pd-42 incorporated in seed coats was associated with significantly increased yield and decreased root-knot galling on p ... | 1994 | 24241697 |
| influence of inoculum density, host, and low-temperature period on delayed hatch of meloidogyne javanica eggs. | most eggs of m. javanica hatch within several days when incubated in water. those that do not are said to show delayed hatching. several experiments were conducted to determine the effect of specific conditions on the percentage of eggs with delayed hatch. six initial inoculum densities ranging from 100 to 20,000 eggs per pot did not influence egg hatch within a 45-day incubation period. in a 60-day test, the percentage of eggs hatching after more than 20 days was low for egg masses removed from ... | 1994 | 19279871 |
| a pcr-based marker tightly linked to the nematode resistance gene, mi, in tomato. | a pcr-based codominant marker has been developed which is tightly linked to mi, a dominant genetic locus in tomato that confers resistance to several species of root-knot nematode. dna from tomato lines differing in nematode resistance was screened for random amplified polymorphic dna markers linked to mi using decamer primers. several markers were identified. one amplified product, rex-1, obtained using a pair of decamer primers, was present as a dominant marker in all nematode-resistant tomato ... | 1994 | 24190460 |
| distribution and regulation of meloidogyne nataliei. | between 1978 and 1990, eight surveys were conducted in southwest michigan to document the occurrence of meloidogyne nataliei, the michigan grape root-knot nematode. the known distribution of m. nataliei is limited to a total of six sections in antwerp and porter townships in van buren county, michigan. in 1984, a m. nataliei regulatory program was initiated by the michigan department of agriculture, u. s. department of agriculture animal and plant health inspection service, and michigan state un ... | 1994 | 19279954 |
| mapping a new nematode resistance locus in lycopersicon peruvianum. | accessions of the wild tomato species l. peruvianum were screened with a root-knot nematode population (557r) which infects tomato plants carrying the nematode resistance gene mi. several accessions were found to carry resistance to 557r. a l. peruvianum backcross population segregating for resistance to 557r was produced. the segregation ratio of resistant to susceptible plants suggested that a single, dominant gene was a major factor in the new resistance. this gene, which we have designated m ... | 1995 | 24169835 |
| effect of ammonium ions on egg hatching and second-stage juveniles of meloidogyne incognita in axenic tomato root culture. | eggs, either dispersed or in masses, and second-stage juveniles (j2) of meloidogyne incognita were exposed to different concentrations of ammonium ions in a nutrient agar medium upon which excised tomato roots were growing. egg hatch and j2 penetration of the roots was slowed or inhibited at high (54 and 324 mg/liter) but not at low (1.5 and 9 mg/liter) concentrations of ammonium nitrate. the effect of ammonium on j2 appeared to be temporary and reversible. high potassium nitrate concentration ( ... | 1995 | 19277298 |
| root cortical cell spherical bodies associated with an induced resistance reaction in monoxenic cultures of meloidogyne incognita. | the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita was monoxenically cultured on excised roots of soybean cv. pickett and tomato cv. rutgers in agar media containing either 0 to 1,600 mug/ml ammonium nitrate or 0 to 100 mug/ml urea. observations with scanning and transmission electron microscopy indicated that an elevated concentration of ammonium nitrate or urea inhibited giant cell formation and suppressed nematode development in the infected soybean roots. in the tomato roots, concentrations of amm ... | 1995 | 19277295 |
| influence of meloidogyne incognita on the water relations of cotton grown in microplots. | the effects of meloidogyne incognita on the growth and water relations of cotton were evaluated in a 2-year field study. microplots containing methyl bromide-fumigated fine sandy loam soil were infested with the nematode and planted to cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). treatments included addition of nematodes alone, addition of nematodes plus the insecticide-nematicide aldicarb (1.7 kg/ha), and an untreated control. meloidogyne incognita population densities reached high levels in both treatments ... | 1995 | 19277313 |
| effects of irrigation, nitrogen, and a nematicide on pearl millet. | pearl millet is used mainly as a temporary forage crop in the southern united states. a new pearl millet hybrid has potential as a major grain crop in the united states. the effects of nematodes, irrigation, a nematicide, and nitrogen rates on a new pearl millet grain hybrid, hgm-100, and nematode population changes were determined in a 2-year study. root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne incognita race 1) entered the roots of pearl millet and caused minimal galling, but produced large numbers of eggs ... | 1995 | 19277324 |
| effects and carry-over benefits of nematicides in soil planted to a sweet corn-squash-vetch cropping system. | the effects of irrigation on the efficacy of nematicides on meloidogyne incognita race 1 population densities, yield of sweet corn, and the carry-over of nematicidal effect in the squash crop were determined in a sweet corn-squash-vetch cropping system for 3 years. fenamiphos 15g and aldicarb 15g were applied at 6.7 kg a.i./ha and incorporated 15 cm deep with a tractor-mounted rototiller. ethylene dibromide (edb) was injected at 18 kg a.i./ha on each side of the sweet corn rows (total 36 kg a.i. ... | 1995 | 19277323 |
| effect of simulated rainfall on leaching and efficacy of fenamiphos. | there is increasing concern in the united states about the pesticide movement in soil, groundwater contamination, and pesticide residue in food. the objective of this study was to determine the efficacy, degradation, and movement of fenamiphos (nemacur 15g) in the soil and residues in squash fruit as influenced by four simulated rainfall treatments (2.5 or 5.0 cm each applied 1 or 3 days after nematicide application) under field conditions. in 1990, concentrations of fenamiphos were greater in t ... | 1995 | 19277322 |
| reproduction of meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita, and m. javanica on sesame. | reproduction of meloidogyne arenaria race 1, m. ineognita races 1 and 3, and m. javanica on 10 cultivars of sesame (sesame indicum) was examined in greenhouse tests. sesame cultivars were also evaluated in a field infested with m. arenaria. sesame was a poor host for m. incognita races 1 and 3 as no sesame genotype supported more than 70 eggs/g root. reproduction of m. arenaria race 1 on sesame varied from 20 eggs/g roots for cultivar sesaco 7cb to 1,570 eggs/g roots for sesaco 119 in the greenh ... | 1995 | 19277331 |
| effects of peanut genotypes on meloidogyne species interactions. | a 3-year microplot study was conducted to characterize the interaction between meloidogyne arenaria race 1 (ma1) and m. hapla (mh), as affected by the five peanut genotypes: florigiant, nc 7, nc 6, nc ac 18416, and nc ac 18016. the interactive effects on infection (total parasitic forms per root unit) and reproduction potentials of each nematode species and crop damage were determined. as a single population, ma1 had greater infection capacity and caused more crop damage than did mh, but both sp ... | 1995 | 19277279 |
| intra- and interpopulation genome variation in meloidogyne arenaria. | the genetic heterogeneity of two m. arenaria race 2 populations (designated pelion and govan) was examined using rflp analysis of 12 clonal lines established from single egg masses (six distinct clonal lines from each population). these populations are essentially identical by traditional biochemical and race identification schemes; however, the govan population is more aggressive than the pelion population, producing larger galls and exhibiting greater reproductive capabilities on many soybean ... | 1995 | 19277274 |
| characterization of resistance in a somatic hybrid of solanum bulbocastanum and s. tuberosum, to meloidogyne chitwoodi. | a somatic hybrid, cbp-233, between resistant solanum bulbocastanum (sb-22) and susceptible s. tuberosum (r4) was tested for resistance to meloidogyne chitwoodi race 1. one week after inoculation, only 0.04-0.4% of the initial inoculum (pi, 5,000 eggs) as second stage-juveniles infected sb-22 and cbp-233 root systems, compared to 2% in r4. after 8 weeks, the number of m. chitwoodi in sb-22 and cbp-233 roots remained lower (0.3-1.5% of pi) compared to r4, which increased from 2% to ca. 27%. develo ... | 1995 | 19277265 |
| satellite dna as a target for pcr-specific detection of the plant-parasitic nematode meloidogyne hapla. | the polymerase chain reaction was evaluated for its ability to amplify dna sequences specific for the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla, using oligonucleotides whose sequence was deduced from the satellite dna previously cloned in this species as primers. as expected, ladder patterns of monomers and multimers of an approximate 150-170-bp repeat were amplified from purified genomic dna of all the m. hapla isolates studied, while no amplification was detected with the five other meloidogyne spe ... | 1995 | 8593688 |
| response of perennial herbaceous ornamentals to meloidogyne hapla. | sixty-nine herbaceous perennial ornamentals in 56 genera were evaluated for root galling after 2 months in soil infested with meloidogyne hapla under greenhouse conditions. plants were rated susceptible or resistant based on the number of galls present on the root system. thirty-six percent had more than 100 galls on the roots (similar to 'rutgers' tomato controls) and were rated susceptible. thirty percent of the plants tested did not have galls or egg masses present on the root system and were ... | 1995 | 19277335 |
| induced resistance to meloidogyne hapla by other meloidogyne species on tomato and pyrethrum plants. | advance inoculation of the tomato cv. celebrity or the pyrethrum clone 223 with host-incompatible meloidogyne incognita or m. javanica elicited induced resistance to host-compatible m. hapla in pot and field experiments. induced resistance increased with the length of the time between inoculations and with the population density of the induction inoculum. optimum interval before challenge inoculation, or population density of inoculum for inducing resistance, was 10 days, or 5,000 infective nema ... | 1995 | 19277310 |
| spatial-temporal patterns of meloidogyne konaensis on coffee in hawaii. | population densities ofmeloidogyne konaensis were determined in march and july of 1991 and 1992 on coffee cultivars guatemalan and 502, and on four rootstocks (purpuree, congensis, deweveri, and kaffe) with guatemalan or 502 as a scion. three-dimensional spatial patterns were characterized on roots of guatemalan and deweveri. population densities differed among rootstocks (p < 0.05) and times (p < 0.01). the greatest number of second-stage juveniles (j2) occurred on guatemalan and fewest j2 on p ... | 1995 | 19277268 |
| rotations with coastal bermudagrass and fallow for management of meloidogyne incognita and soilborne fungi on vegetable crops. | the efficacy of fallow and coastal bermudagrass (cynodon dactylon) as a rotation crop for control of root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita race 1) and soilborne fungi in okra (hibiscus esculentus cv. emerald), squash (cucurbita pepo cv. dixie hybrid), and sweet corn (zea mays cv. merit) was evaluated in a 3-year field trial. numbers of m. incognita in the soil and root-gall indices were greater on okra and squash than sweet corn and declined over the years on vegetable crops following fallow ... | 1995 | 19277312 |
| co-infection of wilt-resistant chickpeas by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and meloidogyne javanica. | fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and meloidogyne javanica are important pathogens of chickpea. interrelationships between fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and m. javanica were investigated on 53 fusarium wilt-resistant chickpea genotypes in pot experiments. all of the genotypes were susceptible to m. javanica. fusarium wilt resistance in one genotype (icc 12275) was ineffective in the presence of m. javanica, and all the plants completely wilted. resistance in four genotypes (iccs 11319, 11322, ... | 1995 | 19277336 |
| embryogenesis and postinfection development of meloidogyne konaensis. | the effects of temperature on embryogenesis and postinfection development in meloidogyne konaensis were examined. embryogenesis was evaluated at 5, 8, 10, 13, 16, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 35, and 40 c. no embryonic development occurred at 5 c. some development, although incomplete, occurred at 8 and 10 c. the rate of embryogenesis was linear from 13 to 30 c, but decreased at 35 c. the lowest egg mortality occurred at 24 c, whereas all eggs died within 24 hours at 40 c. postinfection development w ... | 1995 | 19277267 |
| mixtures of olive pomace with different nitrogen sources for the control of meloidogyne spp. on tomato. | the efficacy of mixtures of dry olive (olea europea) pomace with biuret, guanidine, and melamine for control of root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) on tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) was studied in greenhouse experiments. olive pomace (op) applied pre-plant at 10 g/kg soil was phytotoxic. mixtures of op (10 g/kg soil) with biuret or guanidine at 200-300 mg/kg soil reduced or eliminated the phytotoxic effect, controlled root-knot nematodes, and increased soil esterase activity indicative of m ... | 1995 | 19277325 |
| comparison of crop rotation and fallow for management of heterodera glycines and meloidogyne spp. in soybean. | the effects of cropping systems (fallow, rotation with sorghum-sudangrass hybrid [sorghum bicolor x s. sudanense], and continuous soybean [glycine max]), nematicide (aldicarb) treatment, and soybean cultivar on yield and nematode population densities were studied in a field infested with a mixture of meloidogyne spp. and heterodera glycines. soybean following sorghum-sudangrass yielded 111 kg/ha more than soybean following fallow and 600 kg/ha more than continuous soybean. aldicarb treatment inc ... | 1995 | 19277326 |
| responses of some common cruciferae to root-knot nematodes. | ten cultivated plants of the family cruciferae were evaluated for susceptibility to meloidogyne arenaria race 1, m. incognita races 1 and 3, and m. javanica in a series of four separate greenhouse tests. after 62-64 days, or 1,032-1,072 degree days (10 c base), several of the crops evaluated showed moderate to severe levels of galling (> 3.0 on 0-5 scale) and moderate numbers of egg masses (>2.0 on 0-5 scale) in response to each of the nematode species and races. among the plants tested, collard ... | 1995 | 19277321 |
| effect of cutting age on the resistance of prunus cerasifera (myrobalan plum) to meloidogyne arenaria. | the response of softwood cuttings of myrobalan plum infested after 50 and 105 days with 3,000 second-stage juveniles (j2) of meloidogyne arenaria was compared to 15-month-old hardwood cuttings in 13 genotypes ranging from highly resistant to susceptible. gall index and number of galls were recorded 30 days after infestation. fifty-day-old cuttings rooted in perlite developed many rootlets, but had only incipient galls after infestation. in sand, rooting of 50-day-old cuttings not treated with in ... | 1995 | 19277333 |
| enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway in soybean infected with meloidogyne incognita or heterodera glycines. | transcription of genes encoding several enzymes and the activity of some of these enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway leading to synthesis of chemical and physical barriers for defense of plants against root pathogens was estimated in susceptible and resistant soybean infected with heterodera glycines race 3 or with meloidogyne incognita race 3. transcription of genes encoding phenylalanine ammonia lyase (pal) and the activity of this enzyme increased in resistant, but not susceptible, soybea ... | 1995 | 19277292 |
| the surface coat of plant-parasitic nematodes: chemical composition, origin, and biological role-a review. | chemical composition, origin, and biological role of the surface coat (sc) of plant-parasitic nematodes are described and compared with those of animal-parasitic and free-living nematodes. the sc of the plant-parasitic nematodes is 5-30 nm thick and is characterized by a net negative charge. it consists, at least in part, of glycoproteins and proteins with various molecular weights, depending upon the nematode species. the lability of its components and the binding of human red blood cells to th ... | 1995 | 19277272 |
| infection, reproduction potential, and root galling by root-knot nematode species and concomitant populations on peanut and tobacco. | single populations of meloidogyne arenaria races 1 (ma1) and 2 (ma2) and m. hapla (mh), and mixed populations of ma1 + ma2 and ma1 + mh with four inoculum levels of eggs were tested on peanut cv. 'florigiant' and m. incognita-resistant tobacco cv. 'mcnair 373' in a greenhouse experiment. root infection, female development, and reproduction of ma2 on peanut and ma1 on resistant tobacco were limited at 2 and 6 weeks. ma1, mh, and ma1 + mh on peanut had similar root infection (total parasitic forms ... | 1995 | 19277277 |
| atomic force microscopy of plant-parasitic nematodes. | a simple method for atomic force microscopy (afm) of nematode cuticle was developed to visualize the external topography of helicotylenchus lobus, meloidogyne javanica, m. incognita, and xiphinema diversicaudatum. endospores of two isolates of the nematode parasite, pasteuria penetrans, adhering to m. incognita and x. diversicaudatum were also visualized and measured by this technique. scanning procedures were applied to specimens killed and dehydrated in air or dehydrated and stored in glycerol ... | 1995 | 19277280 |
| temporal efficacy of selected nematicides on meloidogyne species on tobacco. | aldicarb, ethoprop, and fenamiphos were evaluated for their efficacy in controlling various species of root-knot nematodes on flue-cured tobacco and for their residual activity, as determined through periodic sampling and bioassays of soil taken from field plots. field experiments were conducted at five locations over 2 years with flue-cured tobacco. soil in plots treated with nematicides were formed into high, wide beds before transplanting with 'coker 371-gold' or 'k 326' tobacco. residual con ... | 1995 | 19277289 |
| occurrence of pasteuria-like organisms on selected plant-pamsitic nematodes of pineapple in the hawaiian islands. | soils from 320 sites representing diverse undisturbed habitats from five hawaiian islands were assessed for occurrence of pasteuria-like organisms. mean annual rainfall at sites ranged from 125-350 cm, elevation from 69-2,286 m, and annual mean temperature from 12-24 c. seven different natural communities were represented: wet lowland, mesic lowland, wet montane, mesk montane, dry montane, mesic subalpine, and dry alpine. pasteuria spp. in a soil sample was detected by baiting with infective sta ... | 1995 | 19277305 |
| characterization of a pathogen-induced potato catalase and its systemic expression upon nematode and bacterial infection. | we have isolated a cdna encoding a catalase (cat2st) by differential screening of a cdna library constructed from potato roots infected with the cyst nematode globodera pallida. expression analysis confirmed the local induction of cat2st and showed that it was highest at the adult stage of the parasite. it also revealed that cat2st was induced in uninfected roots, stems, and leaves of infected plants. localized and systemic induction of cat2st was also observed upon root-knot nematode (meloidogy ... | 1995 | 7655060 |
| carbohydrate-recognition domains on the surface of phytophagous nematodes. | human red blood cells (hrbc) adhered to preparasitic second-stage juveniles (j2) of heterodera avenae, heterodera schachtii, meloidogyne javanica, pratylenchus mediterraneus, rotylenchulus reniformis, and tylenchulus semipenetrans over the entire nematode body. binding was conspicuously confined to the head and tail of longidorus cohni, xiphinema brevicolle, and xiphinema index. binding was ca2+ and mg2+ dependent. in contrast, hrbc did not adhere to anguina tritici, aphelenchoides subtenius, di ... | 1995 | 7895833 |
| a basic serine protease from paecilomyces lilacinus with biological activity against meloidogyne hapla eggs. | scanning electron micrographs of the nematode-egg-parasitic fungus paecilomyces lilacinus infecting eggs of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne spp. suggested the involvement of lytic enzymes. when grown on a liquid mineral salts medium, supplemented with different substrates as the sole n- and c-source, the fungus produced an extracellular protease. colloidal chitin, vitellin and intact eggs of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla induced proteolytic activity that was repressed by glucose. t ... | 1995 | 7773385 |
| expression and functional characterization of a single chain fv antibody directed against secretions involved in plant nematode infection process. | expression in plants of antibodies directed against proteins essential for pathogenesis could provide an alternative approach to engineer new resistance traits into crops. salivary secretions of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita are known to play a key role during this nematode infection process. from a hybridoma cell line producing an igm monoclonal antibody specific to these secretions, we have constructed a synthetic gene that encodes an antigen-binding single-chain fv protein (scf ... | 1996 | 8645292 |
| meloidogyne paranaensis n. sp. (nemata: meloidogynidae), a root-knot nematode parasitizing coffee in brazil. | a root-knot nematode parasitizing coffee in paran state, brazil, is described as meloidogyne paranaensis n. sp. the suggested common name is paraná coffee root-knot nematode. the perineal pattern is similar to that of m. incognita; the labial disc and medial lips of the female are fused and asymmetric and rectangular; the lateral lips are small, triangular, and fused laterally with the head region. the female stylet is 15.0-17.5 mum long, with broad, distinctly set-off knobs; the distance from t ... | 1996 | 19277133 |
| attachment of pasteuria penetrans endospores to the surface of meloidogyne javanica second-stage juveniles. | pasteuria penetrans spore adhesion to meloidogyne javanica second-stage juveniles (j2) was examined following several different pretreatments of the latter. the detergents sodium dodecyl sulfate and triton x-100, the carbohydrates fucose and alpha-methyl-d-mannoside, and the lectins concanavalin a and wheat germ agglutinin reduced spore attachment. spores exposed to m. javanica surface coat (sc) extract exhibited decreased adherence to the j2 surface. second-stage juveniles that had been treated ... | 1996 | 19277150 |
| suppression of meloidogyne incognita and m. javanica by pasteuria penetrans in field soil. | the role of pasteuria penetrans in suppressing numbers of root-knot nematodes was investigated in a 7-year monocuhure of tobacco in a field naturally infested with a mixed population of meloidogyne incognita race 1 and m. javanica. the suppressiveness of the soil was tested using four treatments: autoclaving (ac), microwaving (mw), air drying (dr), and untreated. the treated soil bioassays consisted of tobacco cv. northrup king 326 (resistant to m. incognita but susceptible to m. javanica) and c ... | 1996 | 19277344 |
| quantification of endospore concentrations of pasteuria penetrans in tomato root material. | six methods for quantification of the endospore concentrations of pasteuria penetrans from tomato roots are described. mortar disruption and machine disruption methods gave the highest estimations (endospores per gram of root material) of 83.7 and 79.0 million, respectively. these methods were significantly superior to incubation bioassay (47.7 million), enzymatic disruption (32.1 million), and enzymatic disruption + flotation (25.8 million) methods. a centrifugation bioassay method gave the low ... | 1996 | 19277345 |
| glucuronidase expression in transgenic tobacco roots with a parasponia promoter on infection with meloidogyne javanica. | the expression of a g-us reporter gene linked to a parasponia andersonii hemoglobin promoter has been studied in transgenic tobacco plants after infection by meloidogyne javanica. transgenic roots were harvested at different times after nematode inoculation, and stained histochemically for expression of the gus gene. during the early stages of infection (0-2 weeks) there was little expression in giant cells, in contrast to other cells of the root. in later stages of infection (3-6 weeks) there w ... | 1996 | 19277159 |
| greenhouse evaluation of selected soybean germplasm for resistance to north carolina populations of heterodera glycines, rotylenchulus reniformis, and meloidogyne species. | selected soybean genotypes were evaluated for resistance to north carolina populations of the soybean cyst nematode heterodera glycines, the root-knot nematodes meloidogyne incognita races 3 and 4, m. arenaria races 1 and 2, m. javanica, and the reniform nematode rotylenchulus reniformis in two greenhouse tests. populations of cyst nematode used in the first test were cultures from field samples originally classified as races 1-5, and those used in the second test included inbred cyst lines that ... | 1996 | 19277179 |