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volatile dimethyl polonium produced by aerobic marine microorganisms.the production of volatile polonium (po(v)), a naturally occurring radioactive element, by pure cultures of aerobic marine tellurite-resistant microorganisms was investigated. rhodotorula mucilaginosa, a carotogenic yeast, and a bacillus sp. strain, a gram-positive bacterium, generated approximately one and 2 orders of magnitude, respectively, greater amounts of po(v) compared to the other organisms tested. gas chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (gc-icp-ms) analysis iden ...201222924583
molecular identification of marine yeast and its spectroscopic analysis establishes unsaturated fatty acid accumulation.marine microbes are competent organisms, some of which can accumulate large amounts of lipids. a yeast strain, rhodotorula mucilaginosa amcq8a was isolated from the marine water of the queenscliff region, victoria, australia. the yeast isolate was identified by sequencing 18s rdna genes. scanning electron microscopy images revealed scars on the surface of the yeast cells. the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy microspectroscopy studies demonstrated the presence of unsaturated fatty acids by ...201222727444
yeast performance in wastewater treatment: case study of rhodotorula mucilaginosa.the ability of rhodotorula mucilaginosa to degrade some phenolic compounds and to grow on olive mill wastewater (omw) is investigated. r. mucilaginosa isolated from omw was molecularly identified using 18s rna sequencing. the biodegradation of six phenolic compounds was studied at an initial concentration of 1 g l(-1). the isolated yeast exhibited a complete degradation of protocatechuic, vanillic and p-coumaric acids and tyrosol. in addition, it reduced 56% and 44% of gallic acid and catechol, ...201222720420
production of torularhodin, torulene, and β-carotene by rhodotorula yeasts.yeasts of the genera rhodotorula are able to synthesize different pigments of high economic value like β-carotene, torulene, and torularhodin, and therefore represent a biotechnologically interesting group of yeasts. however, the low production rate of pigment in these microorganisms limits its industrial application. here we describe some strategies to obtain hyperpigmented mutants of rhodotorula mucilaginosa by means of ultraviolet-b radiation, the procedures for total carotenoids extraction a ...201222711133
novel endophytic yeast rhodotorula mucilaginosa strain ptd3 ii: production of xylitol and ethanol in the presence of inhibitors.a systematic study was conducted characterizing the effect of furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-hmf), and acetic acid concentration on the production of xylitol and ethanol by a novel endophytic yeast, rhodotorula mucilaginosa strain ptd3. the influence of different inhibitor concentrations on the growth and fermentation abilities of ptd3 cultivated in synthetic nutrient media containing 30 g/l xylose or glucose were measured during liquid batch cultures. concentrations of up to 5 g/l of furf ...201222711018
rhodotorula fungemia of an intensive care unit patient and review of published cases.rhodotorula species are commensal yeasts that have emerged as a cause of life-threatening fungemia in severely immunocompromised patients. a case of rhodotorula mucilaginosa fungemia in a 48-year-old woman that had undergone consecutive abdominal surgeries due to ovarian cancer and bowel necrosis while she was receiving fluconazole prophylaxis is presented. several risk factors were identified such as presence of central venous catheters, solid organ neoplasm, abdominal surgery and administratio ...201222576941
[fungemia caused by rhodotorula mucilaginosa. report of two cases]. 201222488546
novel endophytic yeast rhodotorula mucilaginosa strain ptd3 i: production of xylitol and ethanol.an endophytic yeast, rhodotorula mucilaginosa strain ptd3, that was isolated from stems of hybrid poplar was found to be capable of production of xylitol from xylose, of ethanol from glucose, galactose, and mannose, and of arabitol from arabinose. the utilization of 30 g/l of each of the five sugars during fermentation by ptd3 was studied in liquid batch cultures. glucose-acclimated ptd3 produced enhanced yields of xylitol (67% of theoretical yield) from xylose and of ethanol (84, 86, and 94% of ...201222399239
proteomic study of the yeast rhodotorula mucilaginosa rcl-11 under copper stress.in order to understand the mechanism involved in rhodotorula mucilaginosa rcl-11 resistance to copper a proteomic study was conducted. atomic absorption spectroscopy showed that the copper concentration in the medium decreased from 0.5 to 0.19 mm 48 h after inoculation of the yeast. analysis of one-dimensional gel electrophoresis of crude cell extracts revealed expression of differential bands between cells with and without copper. in order to study this difference, two-dimensional electrophores ...201222391792
genetic resources of extremotolerant fungi: a method for identification of genes conferring stress tolerance.fungal species from extreme environments represent an underexploited source of stress-resistance genes. these genes have the potential to improve stress tolerance of economically important microorganisms and crops. an efficient high-throughput method for the identification of biotechnologically interesting genes of extremotolerant fungi was developed by constructing a cdna expression library in saccharomyces cerevisiae and screening for gain-of-function transformants under stress conditions. the ...201222386631
screening of yeasts for growth on crude glycerol and optimization of biomass production.out of 113 yeast strains tested, 45 grew on pure glycerol with growth rates ranging from 0.11 to 0.37h(-1). twenty-three strains showed specific growth rates (h(-1)), biomass production and biomass yields higher or comparable to those on glucose which suggests that crude glycerol can be utilized as carbon source in yeast cultivation for biomass production. response surface methodology was applied to optimize crude glycerol concentration and temperature for biomass production and yield by yarrowi ...201222342043
yeast communities in sphagnum phyllosphere along the temperature-moisture ecocline in the boreal forest-swamp ecosystem and description of candida sphagnicola sp. nov.the effects of the temperature-moisture factors on the phylloplane yeast communities inhabiting sphagnum mosses were studied along the transition from a boreal forest to a swamp biotope at the central forest state biosphere reserve (tver region, russia). we tested the hypothesis that microclimatic parameters affect yeast community composition and structure even on a rather small spatial scale. using a conventional plating technique we isolated and identified by molecular methods a total of 15 sp ...201222331450
statistical optimisation of cell growth and carotenoid production by rhodotorula mucilaginosa.sequential statistical methods were used to maximise carotenoid production by a strain of rhodotorula mucilaginosa, isolated from the brazilian ecosystem. initially, a factorial 2(5-1) experimental design was used, and the variables were ph and the levels of glucose, yeast extract, mgso4.7h2o and kh2po4. the nitrogen source (yeast extract) was the most important variable in enhancing carotenoid production; mgso4.7h2o and kh2po4 had a negative influence. the initial ph had no significant effect o ...201224031809
antibacterial and antimycotic activities of slovenian honeys.in the present study, slovenian honey samples produced from different floral sources are evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal properties. the peroxide contribution to antibacterial activity is also determined. minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of the honeys was assessed against four bacterial species (escherichia coli, enterococcus faecalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus) and against eight fungal species (aspergillus niger, aureobasidium pullulans, candida alb ...201223304790
the diversity and antifungal susceptibility of the yeasts isolated from coconut water and reconstituted fruit juices in brazil.the aims of this study were to characterise the yeasts present in the reconstituted fruit juices and coconut water extracted with "coconut machines", both collected from commercial outlets in a brazilian city, and to investigate the antifungal resistance of isolates from these beverages that were able to grow at 37°c. the yeast population counts in the coconut water samples ranged from 1.7 to >6.5logcfu/ml, and in the reconstituted fruit juices, the counts ranged from 1.5 to >5.5logcfu/ml. aureo ...201223290225
evaluation of the yeast traffic light(r) pna fish™ probes for identification of candida species from positive blood cultures.the yeast traffic light® pna fish™ kit (ytl) correctly identified candida spp. in 207/216 (96%) positive blood cultures. discordant results were seen with known cross-reacting species and cultures containing c. lambica and r. mucilaginosa. the ytl provides rapid, reliable identification of the five common candida species found in blood cultures.201222238445
role of plasmid in diesel oil degradation by yeast species isolated from petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil.five yeast species, namely candida tropicalis, cryptococcus laurentii, trichosporon asahii, rhodotorula mucilaginosa and candida rugosa isolated from hydrocarbon-contaminated soil were found to be potent degraders of diesel oil. these microorganisms showed the presence of enzymes cytochrome p450, nadph cytochrome c reductase, aminopyrine n demethylase, alcohol dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, naphthalene dioxygenase, catalase and glutathione s transferase when the cells were incubated for ...201222629639
classification of cryptococcus neoformans and yeast-like fungus isolates from pigeon droppings by colony phenotyping and its genotyping and their seasonal variations in korea.cryptococcus neoformans (c neoformans) is a frequent cause of invasive fungal disease in immunocompromised human hosts. ninety-eight samples of pigeon droppings were collected from the pigeon shelters in seoul, and cultured on birdseed agar (bsa) and sabouraud dextrose agar (sda). one hundred yeast-like colonies were selected and identified via phenotype characteristics, such as colony morphology and biochemical characteristics. this was then followed with genotyping via sequencing of the intern ...201222545529
specific immunoglobulin e antibodies to saprophytic yeasts in sera of atopic patients allergic to house dust mites.atopic dermatitis (ad) is a complex disease caused by genetic and environmental interactions. ad impairs skin barrier function, enabling microorganisms to penetrate and interact with the immune system.201223101185
chemical composition and antioxidative activity of echinophora platyloba dc. essential oil, and its interaction with natural antimicrobials against food-borne pathogens and spoilage organisms.this study was undertaken to determine the chemical composition and antioxidative capacity of echinophora platyloba dc. essential oil, and its antimicrobial potency against listeria monocytogenes, bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus, salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli o157:h7, pseudomonas aeruginosa, candida albicans, candida tropicalis, rhodotorula rubra, and rhodotorula mucilaginosa. the essential oil was analyzed by gc and gc-ms; and evaluated for its antioxidative ...201223106123
microbiological and physicochemical characterisation of caxiri, an alcoholic beverage produced by the indigenous juruna people of brazil.caxiri is a traditional fermented alcoholic beverage produced from cassava and sweet potatoes by the indigenous juruna or yudjá people in brazil. our results showed that caxiri fermentation is invariably associated with the following: (i) an increase in the total microbial population, with yeast being the largest group detected; (ii) a decrease in reducing sugars, malic, tartaric, succinic, oxalic and propionic acid; and (iii) a final product characterised by a high content of ethanol and a high ...201222497838
microbiological stabilization of aloe vera (aloe barbadensis miller) gel by high hydrostatic pressure treatment.the effect of high hydrostatic pressure (hhp) treatment (300, 400 and 500 mpa for 1 and 3 min at 20 °c) on the microbiological shelf-life and microbiota composition of aloe vera gel during 90 days of storage at 4 °c was investigated. aerobic mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria, as well as moulds and yeasts, were enumerated after hhp treatment and through cold storage. randomly selected isolates from the count plates were identified by standard methods and the api identification system. result ...201222884172
commercial bee pollen with different geographical origins: a comprehensive approach.since the primordial of humanity, pollen has been considered a good source of nutrients and energy. its promising healing properties have also been referred to. the present study aimed to characterize, for the first time, eight commercial pollens from portugal and spain available on the market studying the legislation on labeling, pollinic origin, physicochemical and microbiological analyses and identification of yeasts. eleven botanical families were found amongst the samples. the most abundant ...201223109845
comparative analysis of two antifungal lactobacillus plantarum isolates and their application as bioprotectants in refrigerated foods.to compare the technological robustness of two antifungal lactobacillus plantarum isolates and to assess their ability to inhibit growth of the spoilage yeast rhodotorula mucilaginosa in two different refrigerated foods.201222978783
occurrence and low pressure ultraviolet inactivation of yeasts in real water sources.low pressure ultraviolet photolysis proved to be an efficient treatment to achieve inactivation of different yeast species (candida sp., cryptococcus carnescens, metschnikowia viticola/candida kofuensis, rhodosporidium babjevae, rhodotorula minuta, and rhodotorula mucilaginosa) isolated from water sources with very different compositions. the sensitivity degree of various yeast isolates to uv treatment varied among different genera. species isolated from surface water gained additional photoprot ...201323001236
role of hydrophobicity in adhesion of wild yeast isolated from the ultrafiltration membranes of an apple juice processing plant.the role of cell surface hydrophobicity in the adhesion to stainless steel (ss) of 11 wild yeast strains isolated from the ultrafiltration membranes of an apple juice processing plant was investigated. the isolated yeasts belonged to four species: candida krusei (5 isolates), candida tropicalis (2 isolates), kluyveromyces marxianus (3 isolates) and rhodotorula mucilaginosa (1 isolate). surface hydrophobicity was measured by the microbial adhesion to solvents method. yeast cells and surfaces were ...201323837866
taxonomic assessment and enzymes production by yeasts isolated from marine and terrestrial antarctic samples.the aim of the present study was to investigate the taxonomic identity of yeasts isolated from the antarctic continent and to evaluate their ability to produce enzymes (lipase, protease and xylanase) at low and moderate temperatures. a total of 97 yeast strains were recovered from marine and terrestrial samples collected in the antarctica. the highest amount of yeast strains was obtained from marine sediments, followed by lichens, ornithogenic soils, sea stars, salpa sp., algae, sea urchin, sea ...201324114281
potentially pathogenic yeasts from soil of children's recreational areas in the city of łódź (poland).yeasts may become potential human and animal pathogens, particularly for individuals with a depressed immune system. their presence in the environment, especially in soil, may favour their spread into human ontocenoses.201324018998
in vitro antioxidant and antifungal properties of essential oils obtained from aromatic herbs endemic to the southeast of spain.the aim of this work was to determine (i) the antioxidant capacity of thymus moroderi, thymus piperella, santolina chamaecyparissus, and sideritis angustifolia essential oils (eos) by means of four different antioxidant tests (the 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method, the ferrous ion-chelating ability assay, the ferric reducing antioxidant power test, and the thiobarbituric acid reactive species test) and (ii) the antifungal activity against molds and yeast of these eos by th ...201323834797
broad-spectrum antifungal-producing lactic acid bacteria and their application in fruit models.a large-scale screen of some 7,000 presumptive lactic acid bacteria (lab), isolated from animal, human, or plant origin, identified 1,149 isolates with inhibitory activity against the food-spoilage mould penicillium expansum. in excess of 500 lab isolates were subsequently identified to produce a broad spectrum of activity against p. expansum, penicillium digitatum, penicillium notatum, penicillium roqueforti, rhizopus stolonifer, fusarium culmorum, aspergillus fumigatus and rhodotorula mucilagi ...201323160868
aspergillus niger p6 and rhodotorula mucilaginosa ch4 used for olive mill wastewater (omw) biological treatment in single pure and successive cultures.the aim of this study was to investigate the rhodotorula mucilaginosa ch4 and aspergillus niger p6 abilities to purify olive mill wastewater (omw) in single pure and mixed cultures during the treatment. both fungi were molecularly identified. omw was used at five dilutions from 5% to 30% with chemical oxygen demand (cod) ranging from 11,600 to 24,600 mg l(-1). firstly, each fungus was used separately, then they were successively used to treat the omw. in single pure culture, a. niger showed a be ...201323837312
determination of the effect of nd:yag laser irradiation through dentinal tubules on several oral pathogens.the effects of nd:yag laser irradiations at different power settings on several oral pathogens were evaluated. a total of 252 dentin samples were divided into seven groups consisting of 36 dentin specimens each. in each group, 9 of the 36 specimens were used as controls, thereby including a control in every group. the remaining 27 specimens were divided into three subgroups consisting of nine specimens according to different nd:yag laser settings (1.5, 1.8, and 2 w). each group was inoculated on ...201322767323
multiple rare opportunistic and pathogenic fungi in persistent foot skin infection.persistent superficial skin infection caused by multiple fungi is rarely reported. recently, a number of fungi, both opportunistic and persistent in nature were isolated from the foot skin of a 24-year old male in malaysia. the fungi were identified as candida parapsilosis, rhodotorula mucilaginosa, phoma spp., debaryomyces hansenii, acremonium spp., aureobasidium pullulans and aspergillus spp., this is the first report on these opportunistic strains were co-isolated from a healthy individual wh ...201324175430
determination and differentiation of triacylglycerol molecular species in antarctic and non-antarctic yeasts by atmospheric pressure-chemical ionization-mass spectrometry.yeast, particularly saccharomyces cerevisiae, has long served as a model eukaryotic system for studies on the regulation of lipid metabolism. we developed a high performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry method for the detailed analysis of triacylglycerols (tags) in 14 species of yeast consisting of seven antarctic yeasts (grown at 15°c and 5°c) and seven non-antarctic yeasts (grown at 25°c and 15°c), the latter including 3 strains of s. cerevis ...201323831436
the biology of habitat dominance; can microbes behave as weeds?competition between microbial species is a product of, yet can lead to a reduction in, the microbial diversity of specific habitats. microbial habitats can resemble ecological battlefields where microbial cells struggle to dominate and/or annihilate each other and we explore the hypothesis that (like plant weeds) some microbes are genetically hard-wired to behave in a vigorous and ecologically aggressive manner. these 'microbial weeds' are able to dominate the communities that develop in fertile ...201323336673
evaluation of pectinolytic activities for oenological uses from psychrotrophic yeasts.of the twenty-three morphotypes of yeasts isolated from soil capable of utilizing pectin as sole carbon source at 6°c, two yeast isolates, one psychrotolerant (pt1) and one psychrophilic (spy11), were selected according to their ability to secrete pectinolytic enzymes under some oenological conditions (temperature 6 and 12°c and ph 3.5) and ability or inability to grow above 20°c, respectively. as compared to their optimal activity, the three pectinolytic enzymes viz., pectin methyl esterase (pm ...201323574042
stabilization of astaxanthin by a novel biosurfactant produced by rhodotorula mucilaginosa kugpp-1.we found that a novel biosurfactant from the cultured broth of red yeast, rhodotorula mucilaginosa kugpp-1, originating in the antarctic, has dispersive power against astaxanthin. the novel biosurfactant was purified from extracts to the ultrafiltration state by acetone precipitation and chromatography on a deae-toyopearl 650 m, and gel filtration on a sephacryl s-400 hr. the molecular mass of the novel biosurfactant was estimated to be about 730,000 by gel filtration chromatography. the novel b ...201323538848
peripheral blood and bone marrow cells cultivated in novy-mcneal-nicolle medium for visceral leishmaniosis diagnosis revealed rhodotorula fungemia in an aids patient with lymphoma.rhodotorula is a ubiquitous yeast that can infect immunocompromised patients. here, we present the case of a 45-year-old patient with aids who developed a rhodotorula mucilaginosa fungemia. the patient had a past history of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) and was hospitalised to receive chemotherapy for a b-cell lymphoma of the sinonasal cavities. the patient had no fever and no signs of vl. a systematic research for leishmania by blood and bone marrow cultures was made and he received liposomal amp ...201323505931
biotransformation of copper from kupferschiefer black shale (fore-sudetic monocline, poland) by yeast rhodotorula mucilaginosa lm9.this study describes the yeast rhodotorula mucilaginosa strain lm9 isolated from copper-bearing, organic-rich kupferschiefer black shale and its role in copper biotransformation. strain lm9 exhibited great ability to simultaneously mobilize and immobilize copper from this sedimentary rock. in addition, it showed considerable resistance to copper and high uptake of this metal. moreover, malic and oxalic acid as well as siderophore (rhodotorulic acid) produced by this strain enhanced its resistanc ...201323490182
taxonomic characterization, adaptation strategies and biotechnological potential of cryophilic yeasts from ice cores of midre lovénbreen glacier, svalbard, arctic.ten strains of cryophilic yeast were studied from glacier ice cores of svalbard, arctic. the ice melt samples contained about 3×10(3) - 1×10(4) colony forming unit (cfus) per ml. sequence analysis of the isolates, using d1/d2 domain identified five species of yeasts: cryptococcus adeliensis (mlb-18 jx192655), cryptococcus albidosimilis (mlb-19 jx192656), cryptococcus saitoi (mlb-22 jx192659), rhodosporidium lusitaniae (mlb-20 jx192657), and rhodotorula mucilaginosa (mlb-27 jx192664). effect of t ...201323353800
centrifugal partition extraction, a new method for direct metabolites recovery from culture broth: case study of torularhodin recovery from rhodotorula rubra.centrifugal partition extraction (cpe), close to centrifugal partition chromatography, put in contact in a continuous way two immiscible liquid phases. this work presents early experiments on cpe use for solid-liquid-liquid extraction. it was applied to the direct treatment of culture broth for metabolites recovery. torularhodin is one of the carotenoid pigments produced by the yeast rhodotorula sp., with a terminal carboxylic group considered nowadays as a powerful antioxidant to be included in ...201323260274
[bacterimia due to rhodotorula mucilaginosa related catheters]. 201324796024
fungemia due to rhodotorula mucilaginosa in an immunocompetent, critically ill patient.infections due to the yeast rhodotorula are rare in humans. r. mucilaginosa is responsible for the majority of human cases, and immunocompromised individuals with central venous catheters are at greatest risk. there are few reports of bloodstream infections due to r. mucilaginosa in immunocompetent patients. we present a case report of fungemia due to r. mucilaginosa in an immunocompetent, critically ill patient, with good evolution with catheter removal and fluconazole therapy. we briefly revie ...201324475695
membrane damage induced by supercritical carbon dioxide in rhodotorula mucilaginosa.to clarify the mechanism of microbial inactivation by supercritical carbon dioxide (scco2), membrane damage of rhodotorula mucilaginosa was investigated within specific pressure (10 mpa), temperature (37 °c), and treatment time (10-70 min) ranges, including cell morphological structure, membrane permeability and fluidity. sem and tem observations showed morphological changes in the cell envelope and intracellular organization after scco2 treatment. increase of membrane permeability was measured ...201324426136
catheter-associated rhodotorula mucilaginosa fungemia in an immunocompetent host.rhodotorula species live in the environment, but can also colonize human epithelium, as well as respiratory, and gastrointestinal tracts. reports of infection, especially in the past 2 decades, have noted increasing numbers of rhodotorula infections, particularly in immunocompromised hosts, leading it to be considered emerging opportunistic pathogen. the major risk factors for infection were prolonged use of central venous catheters in patients with hematological and solid malignancies who are t ...201324396637
in vitro activity of natural honey alone and in combination with curcuma starch against rhodotorula mucilaginosa in correlation with bioactive compounds and diastase activity.to evaluate the in vitro activity and synergism of the combinations of natural honey and curcuma starch against rhodotorula mucilaginosa in correlation with total phenolic, flavonoid contents, and diastase activity.201324075348
immobilized rhodotorula mucilaginosa: a novel urethanase-producing strain for degrading ethyl carbamate.rhodotorula mucilaginosa, producing the ethyl carbamate (ec)-degrading enzyme, urethanase, was newly isolated from the chinese rice wine making process. it removed 80 % of ec when it was incubated with 5.0 g/l ec. it grew and stably produced urethanase, with ph ranging from 7.0 to 3.0. in addition, urethanase production by r. mucilaginosa was systematically optimized. glucose, yeast extract, peptone, and inoculum size were selected with the plackett-burman design. they were further optimized via ...201324037516
burdock fructooligosaccharide enhances biocontrol of rhodotorula mucilaginosa to postharvest decay of peaches.the influence of adding burdock fructooligosaccharide (bfo) in the culture media on the efficacy of rhodotorula mucilaginosa in controlling postharvest decay of peaches and its possible mode of action were investigated. the antagonistic activity of r. mucilaginosa to rhizopus decay and blue mold decay of peaches was greatly enhanced through cultivation in the nutrient yeast dextrose agar (nyda) medium amended with bfo at the concentration of 0.32%, compared with that cultivated in nydb without b ...201323987356
antifungal susceptibility of emerging opportunistic yeasts and yeast-like fungi from rhea americana.opportunistic yeasts and yeast-like fungi have been recognized as important pathogens in high-risk patients. this study aimed to evaluate the presence of these microorganisms in the microbiota of captive rheas and to investigate the antifungal susceptibility of the isolated strains. isolates representing magnusiomyces capitatus (geotrichum capitatum, n = 11), trichosporon mucoides (n = 11), trichosporon asteroides (n = 5), rhodotorula mucilaginosa (n = 4), trichosporon asahii (n = 3), trichospor ...201323899001
marchiafava-bignami disease: a rare entity with a poor outcome.marchiafava-bignami disease is a rare affliction characterized by primary degeneration of the corpus callosum associated with chronic consumption of ethanol. the disease may occasionally occur in patients who are not alcoholics but are chronically malnourished. a complex deficiency of group b vitamins is the main etiopathogenic hypothesis, and many patients improve after the administration of these compounds. however, a good response is not always observed. the definitive diagnosis of marchiafav ...201323887763
antimicrobial activity of aurein 2.5 against yeasts.fungal infections with multiple resistance to conventional antifungals are increasingly becoming a medical problem, and there is an urgent need for new antifungal compounds with novel mechanisms of action. here, we show that aurein 2.5, a naturally occurring peptide antibiotic, displays activity against the fungal strains: rhodotorula rubra and schizosaccharomyces pombe (mics < 130 μm). the peptide adopted high levels of membrane-interactive α-helical structure (> 65%) in the presence of lipid m ...201323841919
heparin-benzyl alcohol enhancement of biofilms formation and antifungal susceptibility of vaginal candida species isolated from pregnant and nonpregnant saudi women.biofilm formation by candida species is a major contribute to their pathogenic potential.the aim of this study was to determine in vitro effects of edta, cycloheximide, and heparin-benzyl alcohol preservative on c. albicans (126) and non-albicans (31)vaginal yeast isolates biofilm formations and their susceptibility against three antifungal etest strips. results of the crystal violet-assay, indicated that biofilms formation were most commonly observed [100%] for c. kefyr, c. utilis, c. famata, a ...201323750080
characterization and dynamic behavior of wild yeast during spontaneous wine fermentation in steel tanks and amphorae.we studied the dynamic behavior of wild yeasts during spontaneous wine fermentation at a winery in the valais region of switzerland. wild yeasts in the winery environment were characterized using a pcr-rflp method. up to 11 different yeast species were isolated from the vineyard air, whereas only seven were recovered from the grapes surface. we initially investigated a cultureindependent method in pilot-scale steel fermentation tanks and found a greater diversity of yeasts in the musts from two ...201323738327
nail psoriasis masqueraded by secondary infection with rhodotorula mucilaginosa.a 38-year-old man presented with whitish nail changes on all fingers as the sole symptom. the condition had developed within a few days and led to dystrophy of the proximal part of the nail plates. as microscopic examination of nail scrapings demonstrated budding hyphae and the patient working as a teacher reported frequent use of a wet sponge, antifungal therapy was initiated. subsequent cultures and molecular typing identified rhodotorula mucilaginosa (formerly r. rubra). this environmental ye ...201323691938
rhodotorula mucilaginosa keratitis: a rare fungus from eastern india.rhodotorula mucilaginosa rarely cause keratitis in immunocompromised individuals. a 30 year old male with history of minor trauma presented with cotton wool like stromal infiltration and hypopyon in left eye. microbiological examination of corneal scraping showed fungal hyphae and yeast cells in direct smear. molecular identification of the organism was performed which showed 100% homology with rhodotorula mucilaginosa. management of these cases is difficult often necessitating surgical procedur ...201423619486
identification of some yeasts by fatty acid profiles.178 yeasts isolated from various foods were identified using id32 c strip; saccharomyces cerevisiae (47), rhodotorula mucilaginosa (19), candida kefyr (33), candida krusei (37), candida lusitaniae (28), cndida lipolytica (14). the yeasts were harvested, saponified, derivatized, and extracted, and fatty acid analysis was performed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. the yeast lipids contained decanoic acid (c10:0), luaric acid (c12:0), myristoleic acid (c14:1), myristic acid (c14:0), pentade ...201425804068
endocarditis caused by rhodotorula infection.rhodotorula is an emerging opportunistic fungal pathogen that is rarely reported to cause endocarditis. we describe a case involving a patient who developed endocarditis due to rhodotorula mucilaginosa and staphylococcus epidermidis, proven by culture and histopathology. the case illustrates the unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges relevant to rhodotorula spp.201424197888
enhanced biocontrol activity of rhodotorula mucilaginosa cultured in media containing chitosan against postharvest diseases in strawberries: possible mechanisms underlying the effect.the effect of rhodotorula mucilaginosa cultured in media containing chitosan on its antogonistic activity against postharvest diseases of strawberries and the possible mechanisms involved are discussed. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis were applied in the analysis of the proteins of r. mucilaginosa in response to chitosan. compared with the application of r. mucilaginosa alone, the biocontrol efficacy of the yeast combined with 0.5% chitosan was enhanced greatly, with significant increase in ...201424724730
clinical and microbiological characteristics of rhodotorula mucilaginosa infections in a tertiary-care facility.rhodotorula spp. are an emergent opportunistic pathogen, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.201425008826
rhodotorula keratitis: a rarely encountered ocular pathogen.to describe a case of fungal keratitis involving an atypical organism with confirmatory in vivo confocal microscopy and to review the literature on rhodotorula keratitis.201425408670
rhodotorula mucilaginosa associacted meningitis: a subacute entity with high mortality. case report and review.a fatal case of meningitis due to rhodotorula mucilaginosa in a 28 year-old hiv-negative male with a history of hodgkin lymphoma who underwent salvage chemotherapy is presented. reviewing the literature we identified 13 cases with central nervous system infection due rhodotorula spp. the disease usually occurs in hiv negative immunosupressed middle-aged males. it takes the form of subacute or chronic meningitis accompanied by fever with an overall mortality of 46.2% despite antifungal therapy.201425379400
structural basis of stereospecific reduction by quinuclidinone reductase.chiral molecule (r)-3-quinuclidinol, a valuable compound for the production of various pharmaceuticals, is efficiently synthesized from 3-quinuclidinone by using nadph-dependent 3-quinuclidinone reductase (rrqr) from rhodotorula rubra. here, we report the crystal structure of rrqr and the structure-based mutational analysis. the enzyme forms a tetramer, in which the core of each protomer exhibits the α/β rossmann fold and contains one molecule of nadph, whereas the characteristic substructures o ...201424507746
intracellular biosynthesis and removal of copper nanoparticles by dead biomass of yeast isolated from the wastewater of a mine in the brazilian amazonia.in this study was developed a natural process using a biological system for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles (nps) and possible removal of copper from wastewater by dead biomass of the yeast rhodotorula mucilaginosa. dead and live biomass of rhodotorula mucilaginosa was used to analyze the equilibrium and kinetics of copper biosorption by the yeast in function of the initial metal concentration, contact time, ph, temperature, agitation and inoculum volume. dead biomass exhibited the highest bio ...201424489975
[the pigments of rhodotorula rubra and torulopsis pulcherrima]. 201413484129
highly enantioselective production of (r)-halohydrins with whole cells of rhodotorula rubra kch 82 culture.biotransformation of ten α-haloacetophenones in the growing culture of the strain rhodotorula rubra kch 82 has been carried out. nine of the substrates underwent an effective enantioselective reduction to the respective (r)-alcohols according to prelog's rule, with the exception of 2-chloro-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one that was not transformed by this strain. the expected reduction proceeded without dehalogenation, leading to the respective (r)-halohydrins in high yields. the use of this biocatalyst ...201425486054
rhodotorula mucilaginosa, a quorum quenching yeast exhibiting lactonase activity isolated from a tropical shoreline.two microbial isolates from a malaysian shoreline were found to be capable of degrading n-acylhomoserine lactones. both matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry and 18s rdna phylogenetic analyses confirmed that these isolates are rhodotorula mucilaginosa. quorum quenching activities were detected by a series of bioassays and rapid resolution liquid chromatography analysis. the isolates were able to degrade various quorum sensing molecules namely n-hexanoyl-l-h ...201424721765
structural basis for high substrate-binding affinity and enantioselectivity of 3-quinuclidinone reductase atqr.(r)-3-quinuclidinol, a useful compound for the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals, can be enantioselectively produced from 3-quinuclidinone by 3-quinuclidinone reductase. recently, a novel nadh-dependent 3-quinuclidionone reductase (atqr) was isolated from agrobacterium tumefaciens, and showed much higher substrate-binding affinity (>100 fold) than the reported 3-quinuclidionone reductase (rrqr) from rhodotorula rubra. here, we report the crystal structure of atqr at 1.72 å. three nadh-bound p ...201424642255
saccharomyces cerevisiae and non-saccharomyces yeasts in grape varieties of the são francisco valley.the aims of this work was to characterise indigenous saccharomyces cerevisiae strains in the naturally fermented juice of grape varieties cabernet sauvignon, grenache, tempranillo, sauvignon blanc and verdejo used in the são francisco river valley, northeastern brazil. in this study, 155 s. cerevisiae and 60 non-saccharomyces yeasts were isolated and identified using physiological tests and sequencing of the d1/d2 domains of the large subunit of the rrna gene. among the non-saccharomyces species ...201425242923
yeast diversity associated to sediments and water from two colombian artificial lakes.in colombia, knowledge of the yeast and yeast-like fungi community is limited because most studies have focused on species with clinical importance. sediments and water represent important habitats for the study of yeast diversity, especially for yeast species with industrial, biotechnological, and bioremediation potential. the main purpose of this study was to identify and compare the diversity of yeast species associated with sediment and water samples from two artificial lakes in universidad ...201424948924
microbial diversity and dynamics of spanish-style green table-olive fermentations in large manufacturing companies through culture-dependent techniques.we have studied the microbiota associated to spanish-style green olive fermentations, attending to its dynamics along the time. twenty 10-tonne fermenters were selected from two large table-olive manufacturing companies in southern spain. while culture-dependent methodology was used to isolate the microorganisms, molecular methods were used to identify the isolates. a total of 1070 isolates were obtained, resulting in 929 bacterial and 141 yeast isolates. thirty seven different bacterial species ...201424929732
diversity of culturable yeasts in phylloplane of sugarcane in thailand and their capability to produce indole-3-acetic acid.yeasts were isolated by the enrichment technique from the phylloplane of 94 samples of sugarcane leaf collected from seven provinces in thailand. all sugarcane leaf samples contained yeasts and 158 yeast strains were obtained. on the basis of the d1/d2 domain of the large subunit rrna gene sequence analysis, 144 strains were identified to 24 known species in 14 genera belonging to the ascomycota viz. candida akabanensis, candida dendronema, candida mesorugosa, candida michaelii, candida nivarien ...201424442819
escmid and ecmm joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of rare invasive yeast infections.the mortality associated with invasive fungal infections remains high with that involving rare yeast pathogens other than candida being no exception. this is in part due to the severe underlying conditions typically predisposing patients to these healthcare-related infections (most often severe neutropenia in patients with haematological malignancies), and in part due to the often challenging intrinsic susceptibility pattern of the pathogens that potentially leads to delayed appropriate antifung ...201424102785
microbes associated with freshly prepared juices of citrus and carrots.fruit juices are popular drinks as they contain antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that are essential for human being and play important role in the prevention of heart diseases, cancer, and diabetes. they contain essential nutrients which support the growth of acid tolerant bacteria, yeasts, and moulds. in the present study, we have conducted a microbiological examination of freshly prepared juices (sweet lime, orange, and carrot) by serial dilution agar plate technique. a total of 30 juice s ...201426904628
debaryomyces hansenii and rhodotorula mucilaginosa comprised the yeast core gut microbiota of wild and reared carnivorous salmonids, croaker and yellowtail.this is the first study using molecular and culture-based methods aimed at investigating the composition of the intestinal yeast microbiota of wild and reared carnivorous salmonids, croaker and yellowtail, to characterize their cores and to evaluate the enzymatic activities of the cultivated yeast. among 103 samples from salmonids, croaker and yellowtail, yeast were detected in 85.4%, with 43 species identified. the core of reared fish was composed of eight species, in contrast to the wild fish ...201424707812
electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of phospholipid molecular species from antarctic and non-antarctic yeasts.high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry was applied to the comprehensive analysis of phospholipids from seven antarctic and seven non-antarctic yeasts. identification of specific fatty acyl moieties to the sn-1 and sn-2 positions of phosphatidylethanolamine (pe), phosphatidylcholine (pc), phosphatidylserine (ps) and phosphatidylinositol (pi) were determined by relative abundance of fragment ions associated with formation of carboxylate anions and l ...201425019517
fungal infections after liver transplantation: incidence and outcome.fungal infections, although less frequent than bacterial infections, represent a severe comorbidity with an exponential increase in mortality rate in liver transplantation patients. the incidence of invasive fungal infections (ifis) after solid organ transplantation ranges from 7% to 42%, with candida spp. and aspergillus spp. as the most common pathogens. fungal infections in liver transplant recipients have been associated with poor outcome and mortality rates ranging from 65% to 90% for invas ...201425242777
phytic acid enhances biocontrol activity of rhodotorula mucilaginosa against penicillium expansum contamination and patulin production in apples.the effect of rhodotorula mucilaginosa in combination with phytic acid (pa) on blue mold decay and patulin contamination of apples was investigated. results from this study show that different concentrations of pa were effective in reducing the disease incidence of apples and that pa at concentration of 4 μmol/ml, decreased the incidence of blue mold decay in apples from 86.1 to 62.5%, and showed higher control efficacy compared to untreated, control fruit during storage at 20°c. however, r. muc ...201526635764
the ability of a cold-adapted rhodotorula mucilaginosa strain from tibet to control blue mold in pear fruit.cold-adapted yeasts were isolated from soil samples collected in tibet and evaluated as potential biocontrol agents against blue mold (penicillium expansum) of pear fruit in cold storage. yc1, an isolate identified as rhodotorula mucilaginosa, was found to exhibit the greatest biocontrol activity among the different isolates that were screened. a washed cell suspension of yc1 exhibited the best biocontrol activity among three different preparations that were used in the current study. a concentr ...201526454432
evaluation of yeasts from tibetan fermented products as agents for biocontrol of blue mold of nashi pear fruits.a total of 20 strains of yeast isolated from tibetan fermented products were screened for antagonism against blue mold of pear caused by penicillium expansum. six isolates that inhibited incidence of postharvest decay by 35% or more were selected for further screening. among them, the most effective was rhodotorula mucilaginosa. the results showed that washed cell suspensions of r. mucilaginosa yielded better antagonistic efficacy than unwashed cell-culture mixtures, cell-free culture filtrates, ...201525845361
early changes in shoot transcriptome of rice in response to rhodotorula mucilaginosa jgta-s1.yeasts of rhodotorula genus have been reported to show endophytic colonization in different plants. some of the rhodotorula species are found to exhibit plant growth promoting activities and also have been reported to protect plants against invading pathogens. a yeast strain closely related to rhodotorula mucilaginosa was isolated from the endosphere of typha angustifolia collected from a uranium mine. a microarray analysis was performed to investigate the early changes in rice shoot transcripts ...201526697384
fungal isolation from disinfectant solutions of contact lens storage cases among asymptomatic users.to investigate the incidence of fungal contamination of store disinfectant solutions contained in contact lens storage cases belonging to asymptomatic contact lens users.201525503912
a multi-criteria analysis approach for ranking and selection of microorganisms for the production of oils for biodiesel production.oleaginous microorganisms have potential to be used to produce oils as alternative feedstock for biodiesel production. microalgae (chlorella protothecoides and chlorella zofingiensis), yeasts (cryptococcus albidus and rhodotorula mucilaginosa), and fungi (aspergillus oryzae and mucor plumbeus) were investigated for their ability to produce oil from glucose, xylose and glycerol. multi-criteria analysis (mca) using analytic hierarchy process (ahp) and preference ranking organization method for the ...201525958151
detection of boron removal capacities of different microorganisms in wastewater and effective removal process.in this study boron removal capacities of different microorganisms were tested. candida tropicalis, rhodotorula mucilaginosa, micrococcus luteus, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium, bacillus pumilus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and aspergillus versicolor were examined for their boron bioaccumulation capacities in simulated municipal wastewater. a. versicolor and b. cereus were found as the most boron-tolerant microorganisms in the experiments. also boron bioaccumulation yiel ...201526540546
the effect of application of micromycetes on plant growth, as well as soybean and barley yields.the possibility of application of micromycetes (strains penicillium bilaiae pb14, aureobasidium pullulans ya05 and rhodotorula mucilaginosa yr07) to increase yields of soybean (glycine max cv almaty) and barley (hordeum vulgare cv arna) was estimated. it was shown that the most positive effect on germination energy and seed germination after seed treatment with liquid culture, supernatant and filtrate, is achieved at 1:5 dilution. in studying the influence of cell-associated and extracellular bi ...201526677462
plant growth-promoting and antifungal activity of yeasts from dark chestnut soil.538 yeast strains were isolated from dark chestnut soil collected from under the plants of the legume family (fabaceae). the greatest number of microorganisms is found at soil depth 10-20 cm. among the 538 strains of yeast 77 (14.3%) strains demonstrated the ability to synthesize iaa. 15 strains were attributed to high iaa-producing yeasts (above 10 μg/ml). the most active strains were ya05 with 51.7 ± 2.1 μg/ml of iaa and yr07 with 45.3 ± 1.5 μg/ml. in the study of effect of incubation time on ...201525843007
succession of microorganisms in a plate-type air treatment biofilter during filtration of various volatile compounds.changes in the number and species diversity of cultivable microorganisms in a newly developed plate-type biofilter during filtration of various volatile pollutants were studied. the novelty of the investigation is the monitoring of microorganism succession in different parts of biofilter plates with original packing material consisting of birch fibre and needle-punched non-woven fabric. it was shown that the largest number of fungi and yeasts develop on the top and middle, while bacteria develop ...201525220430
yeast microbiota of natural cavities of manatees (trichechus inunguis and trichechus manatus) in brazil and its relevance for animal health and management in captivity.the aim of this study was to characterize the yeast microbiota of natural cavities of manatees kept in captivity in brazil. sterile swabs from the oral cavity, nostrils, genital opening, and rectum of 50 trichechus inunguis and 26 trichechus manatus were collected. the samples were plated on sabouraud agar with chloramphenicol and incubated at 25 °c for 5 days. the yeasts isolated were phenotypically identified by biochemical and micromorphological tests. overall, 141 strains were isolated, of w ...201526308797
antimicrobial potential of the ethiopian thymus schimperi essential oil in comparison with others against certain fungal and bacterial species.to evaluate the in vitro activities of ethiopian thymus schimperi with other three hydro distilled essential oils against dermatophytes (tricophyton spp. and microsporum spp.) and other pathogenic micro organisms.201526227483
killing effect of peppermint vapor against pink-slime forming microorganisms.the killing effect of peppermint vapor (pmv) against pink-slime forming microorganisms, methylobacterium mesophilicum as a bacterium and rhodotorula mucilaginosa as a yeast, was investigated by the agar vapor assay. in this method, microbial cells were spread over the agar surface exposed to pmv in a petri dish, and then transferred into a recovery liquid. when 60μl of the peppermint liquid was added to a paper disc, a marked killing effect of pmv was observed after 48h against m. mesophilicum a ...201526133506
yeasts of the genital region of patients attending the dermatology service at hospital são paulo, brazil.the knowledge of the diversity of yeasts that make up the skin microbiota of human beings is essential for the efficient monitoring of infections to which a person may be predisposed.201525958329
the influence of biodegradable gemini surfactants, n,n'-bis(1-decyloxy-1-oxopronan-2-yl)-n,n,n',n' tetramethylpropane-1,3-diammonium dibromide and n,n'-bis(1-dodecyloxy-1-oxopronan-2-yl) n,n,n',n'-tetramethylethane-1,2-diammonium dibromide, on fungal biofilm and adhesion.a group of biodegradable alanine-derived gemini quaternary ammonium salts (bromides and chlorides) with various alkyl chains and spacer lengths was tested for anti-adhesive and anti-biofilm activity. the strongest antifungal activity was exhibited by bromides with 10 and 12 carbon atoms within hydrophobic chains (n,n'-bis(1-decyloxy-1-oxopronan-2-yl)-n,n,n',n'-tetramethylpropane-1,3-diammonium dibromide and n,n'-bis(1-dodecyloxy-1-oxopronan-2-yl)-n,n,n',n'-tetramethylethane-1,2-diammonium dibrom ...201525843277
lipid production from hemicellulose and holocellulose hydrolysate of palm empty fruit bunches by newly isolated oleaginous yeasts.palm empty fruit bunches (efbs) are abundant lignocellulosic wastes from palm oil mills. they are potential sources of sugars which can be converted to microbial lipids by oleaginous yeasts. to produce sugars from efb, two-step and one-step hydrolysis reactions were performed. in the first step, the use of diluted sulfuric acid (0.5 % w/v) hydrolyzed hemicelluloses and released mainly pentoses, and in the second step of hydrolysis of residual pulp using 2.5 % (w/v), sulfuric acid released more h ...201526026262
[resistance of various yeast ecological groups to prolonged storage in dry state].resistance of 14 yeast species belonging to different ecological groups to extensive storage in a dried state was investigated. pedobiotic yeasts isolated mainly from the soils of humid areas (cryptococcus podzolicus, cr. terricola, and lipomyces starkeyi) were the least resistant. the yeasts associated with the nectar of entomophilous plants (metschnikowia reukaufii and candida bombi) also exhibited low resistance to drying. complete death of these species occurred during the first month of sto ...201526263698
screening and identification of a cutinase-producing rhodotorula mucilaginosa and properties of the cutinase.eucommia leaf contains large amounts of natural active products. in extracting the substances, the most important is the removal of the cuticle layer on the leaves and the cell wall in the leaves of eucommia ulmoides. but the removal of the cuticle layer is a technical difficulty now. cutinase (ec3.1.1.74) is a multifunctional enzyme with a common alpha/beta fold structure belonging to hydroplane that can make a substantial degradation of horny fatty acids. so this study isolated bacteria capabl ...201525377248
lipid production by pure and mixed cultures of chlorella pyrenoidosa and rhodotorula mucilaginosa isolated in nuevo leon, mexico.given the well-known environmental drawbacks of using fossil fuels, advances in the field of alternative energy have become a worldwide technological priority. special interest has been focused on the production of biodiesel obtained from oleaginous microorganisms. in the present research, lipid production by two species, microalgae chlorella pyrenoidosa and yeast rhodotorula mucilaginosa was assessed, independently and in mixed culture to evaluate a possible synergy. fatty acid analysis was per ...201525274117
production, purification, and characterization of an extracellular acid protease from the marine antarctic yeast rhodotorula mucilaginosa l7.the production, purification, and characterization of an extracellular protease released by rhodotorula mucilaginosa l7 were evaluated in this study. this strain was isolated from an antarctic marine alga and previously selected among others based on the capacity to produce the highest extracellular proteolytic activity in preliminary tests. r. mucilaginosa l7 was grown in saboraud-dextrose medium at 25 °c, and the cell growth, ph of the medium, extracellular protease production and the glucose ...201526466885
examination of pb2+ bio-sorption onto rhodotorula mucilaginosa using response surface methodology.with the rapid industrial development, wastewater has been a risk for environmental contamination. we aimed to explore the optimum condition and mechanism of pb2+ bio-sorption onto rhodotorula mucilaginosa wt6-5. optimization of initial concentration of pb2+, initial ph, and adsorption time for pb2+ bio-sorption onto r. mucilaginosa wt6-5 was performed using response surface methodology. field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray detection, x-ray fluorescence and fourie ...201526287841
[isolation, screening and identification of yeast for aquaculture water purification].in order to get excellent yeast strains for aquiculture water purification, we isolated, screened and identified yeasts from the aquacultural environment and intestinal tract of shrimp.201526259488
yeast-based biochemical oxygen demand sensors using gold-modified boron-doped diamond electrodes.a gold nanoparticle modified boron-doped diamond electrode was developed as a transducer for biochemical oxygen demand (bod) measurements. rhodotorula mucilaginosa uicc y-181 was immobilized in a sodium alginate matrix, and used as a biosensing agent. cyclic voltammetry was applied to study the oxygen reduction reaction at the electrode, while amperometry was employed to detect oxygen, which was not consumed by the microorganisms. the optimum waiting time of 25 min was observed using 1-mm thickn ...201526179128
salmeterol xinafoate.salmeterol xinafoate is a potent and a long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonist. it is prescribed for the treatment of severe persistent asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. different methods were used to prepare (r)-(-)-salmeterol such as: mixing a sample of 4-benzyloxy-3-hydroxymethyl-ω-bromoacetophenone with sodium lauryl sulfate and the mixture was added to the microbial culture of rhodotorula rubra, treatment of p-hydroxyacetophenone with eschenmoser's salt and carbonate exchange re ...201526051688
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