Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| pancreatic oncofetal antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen in breast and colon carcinoma. | pancreatic oncofetal antigen (poa) and carcinoembryonic antigen (cea) were determined in plasma of 195 patients with breast cancer and 90 patients with colon carcinoma. increased levels of poa and cea were seen in 19.0 and 25.6% of patients with breast cancer, respectively. some but not all patients showed an increase in both markers. the incidence of abnormal concentrations of poa and cea increased with the progress of the disease. poa appears to be a useful marker in breast cancer, especially ... | 1988 | 3206109 |
| postnatal influence of diethylstilbestrol on the differentiation of the sexually dimorphic nucleus in the rat is as effective as perinatal treatment. | the volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa) of the male rat brain is larger than that of the female. in the female rat, treatment with diethylstilbestrol (des), either perinatally (from day 16 of gestation to postnatal day 10), or postnatally (birth to day 10) was equally effective in increasing the volume of sdn-poa compared to controls. prenatal treatment (day 16 of gestation to birth) with des also increased the volume of the sdn-poa but this increase was signi ... | 1988 | 3208082 |
| site-specific inhibition of receptivity by intracranial anisomycin in hamsters. | the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (vmh) has been implicated in the mediation of the hormonal control of female rodent sexual behavior. however, in hamsters, progesterone (p) has been found to have effects on sexual receptivity in other diencephalic and mesencephalic sites as well. progesterone is thought to exert its behavioral effects by altering protein synthesis in cns target neurons. we tested the effects of 30 gauge implants of the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin in the pr ... | 1988 | 3208146 |
| neural transection between preoptic area and septum inhibits maternal behavior in female and male rats. | artificially-induced maternal behavior was examined in inexperienced female and male rats following neural transection between the preoptic area and the septum. anterior roof deafferentation (ard) of the preoptic area (poa) was performed with an l-shaped microknife. virgin female and male rats with or without ard were exposed to the continuous presence of normal pups to induce maternal behavior 3 weeks after surgery. ard resulted in a significant delay of the onset of maternal behavior in female ... | 1988 | 3217053 |
| positive feedback in hypogonadal female mice with preoptic area brain transplants. | when fetal preoptic area (poa) brain grafts that contain gonadotropin-releasing hormone cells are transplanted into the third ventricle of adult female hypogonadal mice, the animals respond with sexual maturation, persistent estrus, and the ability to ovulate reflexively after mating. however, the absence of normal spontaneous ovulatory cyclicity suggests an impairment in positive feedback. we, therefore, studied the effect of administration of progesterone alone or of sequential estradiol benzo ... | 1988 | 3221980 |
| quantitative assessment of early and discontinuous estradiol-induced effects on ventromedial hypothalamic and preoptic area proteins in female rat brain. | in this study, changes in individual proteins in the ventromedial hypothalamus (vmn) and the preoptic area (poa) of the female rat brain were quantitatively assessed following either a short treatment (2 h) or a discontinuous schedule of estradiol. ovariectomized (ovx) rats were implanted with estradiol capsules or sham-implanted for the appropriate paradigm and sacrificed by decapitation. punches of brain tissue containing the vmn and poa were incubated with 35s-methionine and 35s-cysteine, and ... | 1988 | 3244404 |
| effects of estradiol on secretion of lh, hypothalamic function and testicular development in bull calves. | two experiments were conducted in order to determine the effects of estradiol (e2) on the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis in bull calves. in experiment 1, calves were assigned randomly to one of the following groups: 1) intact, 2) intact e2-treated, 3) castrated, or 4) castrated e2-treated. treatments began when the calves were 7.5 wk of age and continued for 16.5 wk. samples of blood were collected once a week from 3 to 14 wk of age and every 10 min for 6 hr at 8, 12 a ... | 1988 | 3246147 |
| hippocampal serotonin mediates hypoactivity in dietarily obese hamsters: a possible manifestation of aging? | to determine whether endogenous opiates mediate hyperactivity in food restricted hamsters and serotonergic fibers innervating the hippocampus mediate hypoactivity in obese hamsters, food restriction and high-fat diet supplementation were used to produce significant body fat changes (8 vs. 21%). the levels and pattern of spontaneous running were examined after ip saline or naloxone hcl (20 mg/kg) and following the infusion of vehicle and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine creatine sulfate (4 micrograms/2 mi ... | 1988 | 3252281 |
| effect of prostaglandin e2 on thermoresponsive neurones in the preoptic and ventromedial hypothalamic regions of rats. | 1. we investigated the effect of microinjection of prostaglandin e2 (pge2) into the preoptic (poa) or the ventromedial hypothalamic (vmh) region on rectal temperature in rats. fever was induced by microinjection of pge2 into the poa or the vmh regions. the febrile responses induced by pge2 injected into the vmh region were significantly greater than those induced by injection into the poa region. 2. the effect of temperature on neuronal activity in the poa and the vmh regions was investigated by ... | 1988 | 3255803 |
| pattern differences in experimental fevers induced by endotoxin, endogenous pyrogen, and prostaglandins. | to distinguish pattern differences in experimentally induced fevers, we investigated febrile responses induced by intravenous (iv), intracerebroventricular (icv), and intra-preoptic/anterior hypothalamic (poa) administration of bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, lps), endogenous pyrogen (ep), human recombinant interleukin-1 alpha (il-1), and prostaglandins e2 and f2 alpha (pge2 and pgf2 alpha). intravenous lps, ep, or il-1 in high concentrations caused biphasic fever. in low concentrations ... | 1988 | 3258478 |
| effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area of the hypothalamus in male and female rats. | prenatal alcohol exposure can produce a variety of behavioral and physiological alterations, including changes in sexually dimorphic behaviors. it has been proposed that alcohol alters these behaviors by altering prenatal androgen and/or other steroid levels. this study was designed to examine the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on a sexually dimorphic neuroanatomical structure, namely, the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area of the hypothalamus (sdn-poa). this nucleus is larger ... | 1988 | 3279861 |
| facilitation of lordosis in female rats by cns-site specific infusions of an lh-rh fragment, ac-lh-rh-(5-10). | structural alterations of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lh-rh) molecule have been performed to yield analogs which are more potent than, or which compete with, the parent hormone to increase the release of lh from the pituitary gland. the effects of these analogs on mating behavior, however, do not always parallel their effects on lh release. the present study tested the effectiveness of a pituitary-inactive fragment of lh-rh, namely ac-lh-rh-(5-10), in potentiating mating behavior ... | 1988 | 3282608 |
| males increase progestin receptor binding in brain of female voles. | in female prairie voles, behavioral estrus is induced by exposure to an unfamiliar male and ovulation is induced by mating. experiments were conducted to determine whether a saturable high-affinity progestin binding site (prc) is present in cytosols of brain tissue from females exposed to male stimuli for a period of time which is sufficient to bring most females into heat. prc were detected in both the medialbasal hypothalamus (mbh) and preoptic area (poa). however, prc levels increased in resp ... | 1988 | 3285365 |
| peripubertal development of noradrenergic stimulation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurosecretion in vitro. | the effect of age on norepinephrine (ne) stimulation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lh-rh) secretion from preoptic area-mediobasal hypothalamic (poa-mbh) explants was examined in the present study. explants were obtained from juvenile (9-day-old), prepubertal (29-day-old) and adult female rats. following decapitation and surgical isolation, poa-mbh explants were individually perifused with culture medium which was collected for radioimmunoassay of lh-rh. explants were exposed to two p ... | 1988 | 3285962 |
| effects of ovariectomy on gnrh mrna, prognrh and gnrh levels in the preoptic hypothalamus of the female rat. | experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of ovariectomy on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) messenger rna (mrna), prognrh and gnrh peptide levels in the hypothalamus of female rats. intact proestrous female rats and female rats, which had been ovariectomized for 2 weeks, were sacrificed at 9.00 h and the preoptic area (poa) and basal hypothalamus (bh) were dissected out and frozen on dry ice. one group of tissues from proestrous control and ovariectomized females were extract ... | 1989 | 2469986 |
| central administration of immunomodulatory factors alters neural activity and adrenocortical secretion. | this study was designed to examine the effects of intracerebroventricular administration of a variety of immunomodulatory factors upon cortical eeg, preoptic area/anterior hypothalamic (poa/ah) multiunit activity (mua), and corticosterone secretion in conscious, freely moving rats. the substances tested were alpha-interferon (alpha-inf), thymic humoral factor (thf), histamine, and interleukin-1 (il-1). saline administration did not alter poa/ah mua up to 45 min after injection but increased the ... | 1989 | 2475193 |
| differential involvement of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5ht) in specific hypothalamic areas in the mediation of steroid-induced changes in gonadotrophin release and sexual behaviour in female rats. | ovariectomised rats were treated with either oestradiol benzoate (ob) alone or ob followed by progesterone (p). the effects of the steroid treatments were noted on plasma lh concentration, lordosis quotient and concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5ht) and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5hiaa) in microdissected hypothalamic areas, i.e. the preoptic area (poa), arcuate nucleus (arc), median eminence (me), ventromedial nucleus (vmn), suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn) and zona incerta (zi). the ratio of ... | 1989 | 2475814 |
| anatomical investigation of projections to the basis pontis from posterior parietal association cortices in rhesus monkey. | the projections to the basis pontis from cytoarchitectonically defined subregions of the superior (spl) and inferior (ipl) parietal lobules were investigated in 14 rhesus monkeys by using the anterograde tracing techniques of autoradiography and horseradish peroxidase histochemistry. the results of our study confirm and complement available information regarding the parietopontine projections. the projections are found in clusters distributed in lamellae approximately concentric to the peduncle. ... | 1989 | 2478597 |
| [effect of alcohol on the content of sex steroid receptors in the hypothalamus and hypophysis of male rats]. | in experimental dipsomania model (formation of physical dependence by method of intensive alcoholization) we have studied receptor binding of testosterone (t) and estradiol (e2) in the hypothalamus and pituitary body of mature male rats. administration (at 10 and 16 h) of 25% ethanol-saline solution at a dose of 7.5 g/kg of body weight in the course of 5 days significantly decreased serum t level but did not change serum lh and fsh levels. essential reduction of the nuclear androgen receptors in ... | 1989 | 2493826 |
| does pyrazinoic acid as an active moiety of pyrazinamide have specific activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis? | the commonly accepted hypothesis explaining the mechanism of action of pyrazinamide (pza) is based on the assumption that pza-susceptible mycobacterium tuberculosis strains produce pyrazinamidase, which hydrolyzes pza to the antibacterial moiety pyrazinoic acid (poa). it is not clear whether poa has specific antimicrobial activity or the inhibition of growth caused by poa is due to its ability to lower the ph of the environment below the limits of tolerance of m. tuberculosis growth. we confirme ... | 1989 | 2508544 |
| facilitation of sexual receptivity by hypothalamic and midbrain implants of progesterone in female hamsters. | in the first experiment, ovariectomized female hamsters were stereotaxically implanted with bilateral guide cannulae aimed at the medial preoptic area (poa), ventromedial hypothalamus (vmh), or ventral tegmentum (vta). the following week these females were injected sc with 10 micrograms estradiol benzoate (eb) and then had 27-gauge cannulae containing crystalline progesterone inserted through the guide tubes. sexual receptivity was observed in 3 of 11 animals with vmh implants of progesterone, i ... | 1989 | 2513591 |
| gonadal steroid and chronic morphine treatment do not change the posttranslational processing of beta-endorphin in the rat brain. | the present study examines whether two treatments known to induce refractoriness to exogenous morphine produce this desensitization through a change in the posttranslational processing of brain beta-endorphin (beta-end). the first experiment examined whether an ovarian steroid regimen which produces a transient desensitization of brain opiate receptor mechanisms alters beta-end processing in the preoptic area (poa), medial basal hypothalamus (mbh), and brainstem (bs). the second experiment monit ... | 1989 | 2522578 |
| decreases in mediobasal hypothalamic and preoptic area opioid ([3h]naloxone) binding are associated with the progesterone-induced luteinizing hormone surge. | in view of evidence implicating hypothalamic opioid systems in the control of lh release, we have examined the binding of [3h]naloxone (nal) to slices of mediobasal hypothalamus (mbh) and preoptic area (poa) during the induction of an afternoon lh surge (1630-1700 h) in estradiol benzoate (eb)-primed ovariectomized (ovx; day 0) rats by treatment with progesterone (p; day 2). such a surge was invariably accompanied by a decrease from early morning (1000 h) values in the number of nal-binding site ... | 1989 | 2535804 |
| pancreatic oncofetal antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in sera of patients with cancer of the pancreas. | pancreatic oncofetal antigen (poa) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (ca 19-9) were measured in the sera of 23 patients with cancer of the pancreas to determine the true positive rates of these cancer markers. in one group of unselected pancreatic cancer patients (n = 9), both tests showed above-normal results in three patients and both gave values that were within reference limits in three other patients. two of the three remaining patients had increased ca 19-9 but normal poa values, and one patie ... | 1989 | 2537687 |
| alpha-adrenergic regulation of androgen receptor concentration in the preoptic area of the rat. | we examined the effect of the pharmacological disruption of the catecholaminergic system on the concentration of nuclear androgen receptor, as measured by the in vitro binding of methyltrienolone ([3h]r1881) to salt extracts of anterior pituitary (ap), preoptic area (poa) and medial basal hypothalamus (mbh). treatment of gonadectomized male and female rats with the dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibitor, diethyldithiocarbamate (400 mg/kg b. wt.), 30 min before treatment with dihydrotestosterone (1 ... | 1989 | 2539892 |
| dissociation of hypothalamic effects on ultrasound production and copulation. | two studies were conducted to compare the brain mechanisms for copulation with those controlling other sexual behaviors, such as the ultrasonic calls that help hamsters and other rodents attract potential mates. specifically, male and female golden hamsters were castrated and hormone-primed prior to being observed for rates of ultrasound production and levels of sex-typical copulatory behavior (mounts, intromissions and ejaculations in males; lordosis in females). such tests were conducted befor ... | 1989 | 2602472 |
| modulation of a viscerosomatic reflex by electrical and chemical stimulation of hypothalamic structures in the rat. | ventromedial forebrain structures were stimulated electrically with short (10-ms) trains of pulses to test for effects on a viscerosomatic reflex. stimulation at many hypothalamic sites led to an attenuation or even a complete inhibition of reflex activity. the most sensitive sites, however (i.e. those requiring currents of 50 microa or less to inhibit the reflex), were located in the anterior hypothalamus/preoptic area (ah/poa) and rostrally in the diagonal band of broca (dbb). at certain sites ... | 1989 | 2605507 |
| steroid control of sexual behavior and brain aromatase in the dove: effects of nonaromatizable androgens, methyltrienolone (r1881), and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone. | this study examines the effects of nonaromatizable androgens, methyltrienolone (r1881) and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (dht) on aggressive courtship and vocal behavior in the male ring dove. since androgens may influence behavior by increasing the formation of estrogen in the brain, the effects of r1881 and dht on brain aromatase activity were also studied using an in vitro microassay. under conditions in which testosterone induced aggressive courtship patterns, the nonaromatizable androgens wer ... | 1989 | 2606467 |
| the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area in the human brain: a comparative morphometric study. | the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa) in the human hypothalamus is an ovoid, densely packed collection of large cells. the size, shape and cellular morphology of the sdn-poa was examined in relation to sex and age in adult human subjects. in this region the following parameters were measured: length of the rostrocaudal axis, maximum cross-sectional area, volume, numerical cell density, total number of cells, and the diameter of the cell nucleus. the sdn-poa was elongated ... | 1989 | 2606795 |
| lesions of the sdn-poa inhibit sexual behavior of male wistar rats. | discrete bilateral lesions in the sdn-poa of sexually naive adult male rats were found to decrease the number of animals ejaculating and/or to increase latencies to the first mount, intromission and ejaculation. the deleterious effects of the lesions disappeared after 4 tests for sexual behavior but were reinstated when the males were tested under suboptimal conditions, i.e., when they were tested with a marginally receptive female or when they had only limited access to the stimulus female. it ... | 1989 | 2611691 |
| effects of preoptic and hypothalamic lesions in female turkeys during a photoinduced reproductive cycle. | prolactin (prl) is released by electrical stimulation in the turkey hypothalamus and preoptic area (poa). possible trajectories for poa efferents to the median eminence (me) were tested by placing lesions in the poa, the lateral hypothalamus (lhy), or the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (vmn) of reproductively quiescent turkey hens, then subjecting them to long photoperiods while monitoring their blood prl levels and nesting activities. in addition, lesions were made in the vmn of a gro ... | 1989 | 2620072 |
| aging and long-term ovariectomy alter the cytoarchitecture of the hypothalamic-preoptic area of the c57bl/6j mouse. | long-term ovariectomy attenuates several neuroendocrine-dependent changes in reproductive function of aging female rodents, but the sites affected and underlying mechanisms are not known. this study was designed to identify effects of aging on hypothalamic-preoptic neurocytoarchitecture and to determine whether long-term ovariectomy attenuated any of those changes. coronal sections from midportions of the preoptic area (poa), suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn) and arcuate nucleus (arc) were examined ... | 1989 | 2628780 |
| the lethal principle of poa huecu (coiron blanco): a plant indigenous to argentina. | the lethality of poa huecu, a plant toxic to cattle and sheep, was followed by injection of chromatographic fractions in mice. the lethal aqueous extract was administered i.p. to rockland mice of either sex and produced motor incoordination, transient ataxia, rough hair coat, tremors and muscle contractions and, occasionally, blindness. doses greater than 1.5 g/kg mouse were always lethal. fractionation of this lethal extract included dialysis, column chromatography on sephadex g-25 and fraction ... | 1989 | 2629169 |
| [skin reactivity to grass pollen and the mite dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in the prick-test using 2 types of allergen preparations]. | the reliability of prick testing with allergen preparations produced in yugoslavia was assessed by comparison to the internationally accepted ones (pharmacia diagnostica) of 100,000 bu activity. the following allergens were used: the mite dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in 107 subjects, and grass pollens: dactylis glomerata, poa pratensis, phleum pratense and secale cereale in 39 subjects. the clinical significance of the response was assessed in relation to the skin reaction to the negative cont ... | 1989 | 2638564 |
| serotonin stimulation of the period of in vitro lhrh release is estradiol dependent. | the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-ht) has well known effects on the release of luteinizing hormone (lh) which may be estrogen and photoperiod dependent. an in vitro superfusion system was used to assess the potential role of 5-ht and photoperiod in modulating the release of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (lhrh) from the mediobasal-suprachiasmatic-preoptic area (mbh-poa-scn) in the ovariectomized (ovx) and ovx estradiol (e2) implanted rat model of lh release. regularly cycling female holtz ... | 1989 | 2653571 |
| distribution of cat-301 immunoreactivity in the frontal and parietal lobes of the macaque monkey. | the distribution of the monoclonal antibody cat-301 was examined in the frontal and parietal cortex of macaque monkeys. in both regions the distribution was uniform within cytoarchitecturally defined areas (or subareas) but varied between them. in all areas, cat-301 labeled the soma and proximal dendrites of a restricted population of neurons. in the frontal lobe, cat-301-positive neurons were intensely immunoreactive and present in large numbers in the motor cortex (area 4), premotor cortex (ar ... | 1989 | 2677066 |
| identification of gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) neurons projecting to the median eminence from third ventricular preoptic area grafts in hypogonadal mice. | functional gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) neurosecretory activity can be restored in genetically hypogonadal (hpg) adult mice with grafts of gnrh-containing fetal or neonatal septal-preoptic area (s/poa) tissue. neurons implanted into the third ventricle of the host brain survive and send out axons which innervate one of the normal targets of these neurons, the median eminence (me). fibers terminate near primary portal vessels where gnrh is available for release into the vasculature, and ... | 1989 | 2684346 |
| estradiol stimulates preoptic area-anterior hypothalamic prognrh-gap gene expression in ovariectomized rats. | the decapeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) and the 56-amino acid gnrh-associated peptide (gap) are derived from a common precursor translated from the prognrh-gap mrna. studies using solid-phase hybridization techniques (i.e., northern blot analysis, dot blot analysis, or in situ hybridization autoradiography) have yielded a controversy as to whether estradiol stimulates, inhibits, or has any effect on prognrh-gap gene expression in the preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus (poa-ah) of ... | 1989 | 2693877 |
| renal denervation alters forebrain hexokinase activity in neurogenic hypertensive rats. | the effect of afferent renal nerve transection (tarn) on the metabolic activity of forebrain structures the activity of which was altered after aortic depressor nerve transection (tadn) was studied using the hexokinase (hk) histochemical method in the rat. in tadn-sham (s) arn rats, increases in hk activity were observed in the medial septum (ms), median preoptic nucleus (mnpo), subfornical organ, supraoptic nucleus, nucleus circularis (nc), magnocellular, and dorsal and medial (mppvh) parvocell ... | 1989 | 2705581 |
| connections of the ventral granular frontal cortex of macaques with perisylvian premotor and somatosensory areas: anatomical evidence for somatic representation in primate frontal association cortex. | in macaque monkeys with injections of tritiated amino acids or horseradish peroxidase in the ventrolateral granular frontal cortex, we observed extensive anterograde and retrograde labeling of the premotor and somatosensory cortex in and around the lateral sulcus. comparable labeling was not present with large and small control injections of the dorsal granular cortex. cytoarchitectonic evaluation of the perisylvian cortex in the three cases examined in detail indicated that labeled areas includ ... | 1989 | 2708598 |
| development of progesterone-facilitated lordosis in female guinea pigs: relationship to neural estrogen and progestin receptors. | ovariectomized (ovx), 20-day-old female guinea pigs did not exhibit lordosis following treatment with estradiol benzoate (eb) and progesterone. behavioral responsiveness to eb and progesterone developed abruptly; by 30 days of age, responses typical of adult females (greater than 9 weeks of age) were observed. in vitro assays of neural steroid receptors were performed to test the hypothesis that a deficiency in the concentration of hypothalamic and/or preoptic area estrogen and/or progestin rece ... | 1989 | 2713679 |
| simultaneous catecholamine histofluorescence and thymidine autoradiography of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area in the rat. | the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa) in the rat represents a morphological substrate in which the influence of gonadal hormones on the process of sexual differentiation of the brain can be seen. since the medial preoptic area (mpo) is a region rich in catecholamine (ca) terminals, it is possible that catecholamines may play a role either in the differentiation of the perinatal sdn-poa or in the function of this nucleus in the adult. it is not known whether catecholamine ... | 1989 | 2721628 |
| relationship of lychnis ringspot virus to barley stripe mosaic virus and poa semilatent virus. | barley stripe mosaic virus (bsmv), poa semilatent virus (pslv), and lychnis ringspot virus (lrsv) have previously been assigned to the hordeivirus group because of similarities in their particle morphology, physicochemical properties and serological analyses. however, the serological relationships of the three viruses have not been determined by direct comparison. the present study evaluated the relatedness of these viruses by western and dot immunoblotting and by nucleic acid hybridizations. se ... | 1989 | 2722469 |
| neuropeptide y (npy) and vasopressin (avp) in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial axis of salt-loaded or brattleboro rats. | a close anatomical relationship between nerve terminals containing neuropeptide y (npy) and vasopressin (avp) has been demonstrated in the hypothalamic paraventricular (pvn) and supraoptic nuclei (son). furthermore, injections of npy into the son increased plasma concentrations of avp in the rat. these data suggest a potential involvement of hypothalamic npy in fluid homeostasis in the rat. therefore, we have studied the effect of elevated plasma osmolality on the concentration of npy and avp in ... | 1989 | 2731031 |
| [fundamental and clinical evaluation of immunoradiometric assay (irma) for serum pancreatic oncofetal antigen (poa)]. | 1989 | 2733181 | |
| direct hypothalamic control of vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) levels in the developing rat ovary. | we have previously identified the neurotransmitter vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) in nerve fibers of the immature rat ovary and showed that it stimulates steroid release by a mechanism involving increased synthesis of the components of the cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme complex. the present experiments were undertaken to study the ontogeny of ovarian vip levels and to determine if they change in relation to the initiation of puberty. vip was already detected in 2-day-old ovaries; le ... | 1989 | 2736390 |
| microdialysis: a system for localized drug delivery into the brain. | to determine why intrahypothalamic microinjections of pyrogen-free saline (pfs) often induce core temperature (tco) rises, guide cannulas were implanted bilaterally into the preoptic-anterior hypothalamus (poa) of guinea pigs; 1 week later, injectors were inserted to 1 mm beyond the guides and either no injection or 1 microliter pfs was administered. injector insertion without injection evoked a 0.5 degrees c tco rise within 40 min, culminating in 3.7 hr. pfs microinjection elicited a 0.9 degree ... | 1989 | 2736391 |
| effects of intracranial implantation of dihydrotestosterone on sexual behavior in male cnemidophorus inornatus, a direct sexual ancestor of a parthenogenetic lizard. | dihydrotestosterone was implanted directly into the brain of castrated male cnemidophorus inornatus, a direct sexual ancestor of the parthenogenetic species c. uniparens. only implants located in the anterior hypothalamus--preoptic area (ah-poa) induced male-typical sexual behavior. implants in other brain regions, including the ventromedial hypothalamus, failed to elicit courtship or copulatory behavior. radioimmunoassay revealed no significant difference in the concentrations of circulating an ... | 1989 | 2744738 |
| activation of sexual behavior by implantation of testosterone propionate and estradiol benzoate into the preoptic area of the male japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | intracranial implantation of minute pellets of gonadal steroids was performed to determine neuroanatomical loci at which steroids activate sexual behavior in the japanese quail (coturnix japonica). in this species, systemic treatment of castrated males with either testosterone propionate (tp) or estradiol benzoate (eb) restores male-typical copulatory behavior (head grabbing, mounting, and cloacal contact movements). in addition, eb activates female-typical receptive behavior (crouching). adult ... | 1989 | 2744741 |
| effects of gonadectomy and treatment with gonadal steroids and luteinizing hormone secretion in hypogonadal male and female mice with preoptic area implants. | the ability of male and female hypogonadal (hpg) mice with preoptic area (poa) grafts to show negative feedback was studied. gnrh neurons within poa grafts send axons into the median eminence of the hpg host (hpg/poa), resulting in increased gonadotropin production and gonadal development in the mice that are genetically unable to produce gnrh. the present studies evaluated whether negative feedback, an aspect of normal reproductive function, is present in male and female hpg/poa mice. in normal ... | 1989 | 2759032 |
| specific binding of naloxone to ovine brain tissue: comparison of brain regions and endocrine states. | binding of [3h]naloxone ([3h]nal) to brain membranes was quantified by scatchard analysis using two methods of separating bound from free [3h]nal. in the centrifugation method, membranes that were soluble at 1,000 x g, but sedimented at 20,000 x g, were incubated with [3h]nal. for filtration, all membranes that sedimented at 20,000 x g were incubated and filtered through glass filter fibers. nonspecific binding was estimated using greater than 500-fold excess of unlabeled naloxone (10(-6) m). sp ... | 1989 | 2768110 |
| pretreatments with 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone and the uptake of testosterone by cell nuclei in the brains of male rhesus monkeys. | an in vivo competition method was used in adult male rhesus monkeys to determine if testosterone binds to high affinity binding agents, notably androgen receptors, in brain cell nuclei. castrated males received 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone propionate (dhtp, 20 mg, n = 6), testosterone propionate (tp, 100 mg, n = 3) or oil vehicle (controls, n = 6) followed 3 h later by 5 mci [3h]testosterone [( 3h]t) as an intravenous bolus. brain and peripheral tissue samples were removed after 60 min, homogeniz ... | 1989 | 2779232 |
| prostaglandin formation in the hypothalamus in vivo: effect of pyrogens. | conscious cats were used to study the local release of prostaglandin (pg) e2 and thromboxane (tx) b2 (the stable txa2 by-product) from the preoptic-anterior hypothalamus (ah-poa) and the tuberal-posterior hypothalamus (ph-tu) using a modified "push-pull" perfusion procedure. in the absence of fever, pge2 release was steady from the 2nd h of perfusion onward, its rate at either site ranging between 0.08 and 0.12 pg/min. local treatment with probenecid (1 mm) increased pge2 release about threefold ... | 1989 | 2784289 |
| testosterone implanted in the preoptic area of male japanese quail must be aromatized to activate copulation. | intracranial implantation of minute pellets of gonadal steroids was combined with aromatase inhibitor treatment to determine if aromatization within the preoptic area (poa) is necessary for androgens to activate sexual behavior in the japanese quail (coturnix japonica). in this species, implantation of pellets of testosterone propionate (tp) or estradiol benzoate (eb) in the poa of castrated males restores male-typical copulatory behavior. in experiment 1, adult male castrated quail were implant ... | 1989 | 2793083 |
| apparent digestibility of nitrogen in rumen and whole tract of friesian cattle fed direct-cut and wilted grass silages. | spring grass consisting of lolium perene l. (81%), poa pratensis l. (9%), and annual weeds (5%) was stored as direct-cut or as wilted silage and used in feeding trials to determine the effects of wilting on n utilization. six mature friesian cattle, fitted with rumen and simple duodenal cannulae, were fed the silages for ad libitum intake in a crossover design consisting of two 49-d periods. wilting increased intake of organic matter and decreased ruminal apparent digestibility or organic matter ... | 1989 | 2794170 |
| age- and dose-dependent effects of neonatal monosodium glutamate (msg) administration to female rats. | the age- and dose-dependent effects of neonatal msg were evaluated in pre- and postpubertal female rats. the neurotoxic action of msg was assessed by examining monoamine content in microdissected regions of the mediobasal hypothalamus. msg was administered at a dose of 4 mg/g on postnatal days 2 and 4 (msg-lo) or on postnatal days 2, 4, 6 and 8 (msg-hi). msg-hi treatment significantly reduced dopamine (da) content in the arcuate nucleus (anh) and lateral median eminence (lme) on postnatal day 21 ... | 1989 | 2796887 |
| nuclear estrogen receptor binding in the preoptic area and hypothalamus of pregnancy-terminated rats: correlation with the onset of maternal behavior. | terminating the pregnancies of female rats on day 16 (d 16) by hysterectomy and ovariectomy (ho) and administering estradiol benzoate (eb) systemically or centrally into the medial preoptic area (mpoa) stimulates the onset of maternal behavior 48 h later. since estrogen's effects are mediated through its intracellular receptors, the present studies measured nuclear and cytosol estrogen receptor concentrations in the poa and hypothalamus (hyp) of female rats during the 48 h when estrogen is activ ... | 1989 | 2797382 |
| the probable role of histamine in the rostral hypothalamus on the prolactin and luteinizing hormone release induced by estrogen in conscious spayed rats. | the participation of histamine (ha) sensitive sites in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic area (poa-aha) on prolactin (prl) and luteinizing hormone (lh) surge induced by estrogen was studied in ovariectomized rats. different groups of animals were subjected to the following experimental schedule: on day "0" rats were stereotaxically implanted into the poa-aha with microinjection cannulae. on day "1", rats were injected s.c. with estrogen. on days "2" and "3", animals were microinjected into the ... | 1989 | 2803701 |
| [fundamental and clinical evaluation of irma for serum pancreatic oncofetal antigen (poa) in pancreatic cancer]. | 1989 | 2810909 | |
| neuronal death in the developing sexually dimorphic periventricular nucleus of the preoptic area in the female rat: effect of neonatal androgen treatment. | neonatal treatment of female rats with androgen decreases the nuclear volume of the anteroventral periventricular nucleus of the preoptic area (avpv-poa). in order to examine the effect of androgen on the neural substrates in the developing avpv-poa which show a sexual dimorphism in nuclear volume, the cell death pattern in the avpv-poa was compared between normal females and androgenized females. wistar female rats were treated with 50 micrograms of testosterone propionate (tp) for 5 days from ... | 1989 | 2812498 |
| prednisone pretreatment leads to histaminic airway hyporeactivity soon after resolution of the immediate allergic response. | we assessed the effect of prednisone pretreatment (50 mg/day for three days) on the development of the early increase in histamine reactivity that occurs soon after resolution of the immediate response in allergic humans. four allergic subjects who were known to develop only isolated immediate responses upon kentucky bluegrass inhalation, as well as four mild allergic asthmatic subjects known to develop typical dual phase responses, were evaluated. all testing was done more than nine weeks after ... | 1989 | 2914481 |
| actions of ru 38486 on progesterone facilitation and sequential inhibition of rat estrous behavior: correlation with neural progestin receptor levels. | the present study examined the actions of the antiprogestin ru 38486 on progesterone (p)-induced facilitation and sequential inhibition of estrous behavior and on brain cytosol progestin receptor (pr) levels in ovariectomized, estrogen-primed (0.5 micrograms of estradiol benzoate for 3 days) female rats. ru 38486 suppressed p-facilitated receptive and proceptive responses in a dose-dependent fashion when administered 1 hr prior to p. ru 38486 did not, however, block the sequential inhibitory eff ... | 1989 | 2925185 |
| vegetation establishment on a deposit of zinc mine wastes. | field trials concerning the establishment of plant cover on a deposit of wastes from the ammeberg zinc mine in central sweden were carried out during 1976-1985. different soil conditioners and manures were applied and plant species cultivars were evaluated with regard to plant biomass, vigour, durability and content of zinc, lead and cadmium. sewage sludge and topsoil led to better establishment of grasses than did municipal waste, straw and hydraulic seeding. after 2 years, festuca rubra and po ... | 1989 | 15092483 |
| taxonomy and postembryonic stages of the nematode predator odontopharynx longicaudata de man, 1912 (diplogasterida). | odontopharynx longicaudata (diplogasterida: odontopharyngidae) was found in soil around roots of poa annua l. growing on a golf course in san francisco, california. this is the first record of this species in the united states. populations of o. longicaudata were increased in the laboratory on the free-living nematode ucd acrobeloides no. 1 (rhabditida: cephalobidae). light microscopy was used to compare the morphology of fixed specimens from california and the netherlands. california specimens ... | 1989 | 19287598 |
| ovarian steroid regulation of glutamic acid decarboxylase gene expression in individual hypothalamic nuclei. | abstract the possibility that steroids exert their effects on luteinizing hormone (lh) and prolactin release and female sexual behaviour via altering gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) synthesis within the hypothalamus was investigated. ovariectomized rats were treated with either oil, 5 mug oestradiol benzoate (ob) or 5 mug ob plus 0.5 mg progesterone (p) 48 h later; autopsy was carried out 54 h after the ob injection. at this time, both steroid treatments stimulated prolactin release and lordotic ... | 1990 | 19215370 |
| mapping of epitopes on poa p i and lol p i allergens with monoclonal antibodies. | allergen poa p i isolated from the dialysed aqueous extract of kentucky blue grass pollen by affinity chromatography with an anti-lol p i murine monoclonal antibody (mab) 290a-167 was previously shown to consist of a 35.8-kilodalton (kd) component with a pi of 6.4, designated as poa p ia, and a 33-kd component with a pi of 9.1, designated as poa p ib. the present study reports on the comparative antigenic analyses of these two components, using mabs produced separately against poa p i and lol p ... | 1990 | 1693910 |
| sexual maturation modifies the catecholaminergic control of gonadotrophin secretion and the effect of ovarian hormones on hypothalamic neurotransmitters in female rats. | alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (alpha-mt), a competitive inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase, was used to block the synthesis of hypothalamic catecholamines in immature female rats of 14, 16 and 30 days of age and in castrated adults. the administration of alpha-mt (300 mg/kg body weight, free base) induced a significant decay in the hypothalamic content of norepinephrine (ne) and dopamine (da) within the first 120 min. a second dose (150 mg/kg body weight), given 2 h after the first injection, did not f ... | 1990 | 1702190 |
| involvement of organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis and preoptic area in interleukin 1 beta-induced acth release. | intravenous administration of recombinant human interleukin 1 beta (il-1 beta, 1 micrograms/100 g body wt) resulted in a marked elevation of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth) levels, with peak levels at 10 min, in conscious unrestrained rats. one week after the placement of a lesion by radiofrequency or microinjection of kainic acid in the organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis (ovlt) but not in subfornical organ, acth response to intravenous il-1 beta was enhanced, whereas both radiofr ... | 1990 | 1967907 |
| ontogeny of the sexually dimorphic male nucleus in the preoptic/anterior hypothalamus of ferrets and its manipulation by gonadal steroids. | a sexually dimorphic nucleus exists in the dorsal region of the ferret preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area (poa/ah), and is called the male nucleus of the poa/ah (mn-poa/ah) because it is found only in males. development of the mn-poa/ah was studied in male ferrets, and for comparison a sexually nondimorphic ventral poa/ah nucleus was studied in both sexes. the mn-poa/ah was conspicuous in males as early as embryonic day 37 (e37) of a 41-day gestation, and its volume increased until postnatal da ... | 1990 | 2077101 |
| ovine white-liver disease (owld). botanical and chemical composition of pasture grass. | the most important grass species on the ovine white-liver disease (owld) pastures (s) were poa spp., agropyron repens and lolium perenne, while the control pastures (h), where lambs grew well, consisted of poa spp., festuca rubra and agrostis tenuis. the soil was more acidic on the h pastures as compared with the s pastures. owld grass (s grass) contained marginal to deficient amounts of cobalt during the first 2 months of grazing. during 2 years out of 3, the average co content was slightly low ... | 1990 | 2080770 |
| serum tumor markers for pancreatic carcinoma. | various biochemical substances are being evaluated for use as serum tumor markers of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. the currently established markers, ca 19-9 and poa, have an important but limited role in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. the role could be expanded if the specificity of these tests for pancreatic cancer could be increased, and this may be possible for each of these tests if several recent findings can be confirmed. most of the new tumor markers are blood-group-related sub ... | 1990 | 2100561 |
| two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analyses of kentucky bluegrass and rye grass pollen allergens. detection with a murine monoclonal anti-poa p i antibody and amino terminal amino acid sequence of poa p i allergen. | allergenic extracts of kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis) and rye grass (lolium perenne) pollen were shown by 2-dimensional (2-d) gel electrophoresis to consist of several hundred protein components. the pollen extracts of the two related grasses had unique 2-d gel patterns. two major grass pollen allergens, poa p i and lol p i, and their isoforms (i.e. isoallergens) were detected and localized on 2-d gels by immunoblotting with anti-poa p i antibody mab 60. poa p i isoallergens were less acidic ... | 1990 | 2101126 |
| a biophysical study of posttraumatic ectopic ossification. a case report. | sites of ectopic ossification (eo) due to sports injury in a long-distance runner were biopsied and analyzed. the mineral content was compared to that of normal adult bone and to paraosteoarthropathy (poa) using biophysical methods. the degree of mineralization of bone tissue (dmbt) was employed as an evaluation of maturity of calcified tissue. fluoride and carbonate content were determined. the crystal lattice dimensions expressed by the a and c parameters, crystal size, and/or lattice perfecti ... | 1990 | 2112077 |
| pyrazinamide and pyrazinoic acid activity against tubercle bacilli in cultured human macrophages and in the bactec system. | pyrazinamide (pza) has become an essential component of current 6-month regimens for therapy of tuberculosis. susceptible strains of tubercle bacilli convert pza to pyrazinoic acid (poa) through pyrazinamidase (pzase), which resistant strains and mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guérin lack. pza susceptibility results obtained in cultured human macrophages were compared with those in the broth bactec system with 7h12 medium at ph 6.0 for strains known to be pzase-positive or -negative. altho ... | 1990 | 2113074 |
| reduced aminergic synthesis in the hypothalamus of the infertile, genetically diabetic (c57bl/ksj-db/db) male mouse. | diabetes mellitus is commonly associated with reproductive neuroendocrinopathy in both humans and animal models for the disease. diabetes-associated reproductive failure in the male is a result of multilevel dysfunction within the hypothalamo-pituitary-testicular axis. in view of the known effects of diabetes on hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) and gonadotropins in chemically-induced animal models for diabetes, we examined hypothalamic aminergic activities (important to the reg ... | 1990 | 2121514 |
| neuromodulation of acute-phase responses to interleukin-6 in guinea pigs. | it is now generally recognized that interleukin-6 (il6) is one of the cytokines that mediate the various nonspecific host defense responses to infectious pathogens. among its now well-demonstrated effects on systemic administration are fever and acute-phase proteinemia. these effects are also activated by the cytokine, il1, and it has been shown that they are modulated in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamus (poa). this study was undertaken to determine whether this brain region similarly drives t ... | 1990 | 2126980 |
| effect of dietary energy, body condition and calf removal on pituitary gonadotropins, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) and hypothalamic opioids in beef cows. | beef cows (n = 64) were slaughtered to evaluate effects of dietary energy and calf removal (cr) on hypothalamic and adenohypophysial endocrine characteristics. from d 190 of gestation until parturition, cows received maintenance (me; n = 32) or low (le; n = 32) energy diets (me = 100%, le = 70% nrc recommendations). after parturition, half (n = 16) of each prepartum diet group received low (le; n = 32) or high (he = 130% nrc; n = 32) energy diets. at 30 d postpartum, cows were slaughtered 0 or 4 ... | 1990 | 2143972 |
| synergistic interaction between opioid receptor blockade and alpha-adrenergic stimulation on luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh) secretion in vitro. | the effects of opioid receptor blockade, alpha-adrenergic receptor stimulation and concomitant opioid blockade and adrenergic stimulation on lhrh neurosecretion was examined in tissue culture using perifused preoptic area-mediobasal hypothalamic (poa-mbh) explants. blockade of opioid receptors using naloxone (nal) resulted in increased (p less than 0.05) lhrh secretion from poa-mbh explants obtained from intact postpubertal female rats. after washout of the nal-medium, basal release rate was res ... | 1990 | 2154715 |
| postnatal treatment of rats with the beta 2-adrenergic agonist salbutamol influences the volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus in the preoptic area. | sexual differentiation of the brain seems to be influenced by postnatal interaction of gonadal steroids with neurotransmitter systems, in particular the adrenergic system. stimulation or inhibition of adrenergic receptors during early postnatal development had previously been shown to influence steroid-induced sexual differentiation of rat brain function. in the present study newborn male and female rats were treated daily for 5 days with salbutamol, a specific beta 2-receptor agonist, or with a ... | 1990 | 2163726 |
| estradiol induction of proenkephalin messenger rna in hypothalamus: dose-response and relation to reproductive behavior in the female rat. | hormone effects on proenkephalin (pe) mrna allow an opportunity to compare a brain region-specific molecular change with a quantifiable behavior. slot blots were used to measure pe mrna levels in the ventromedial hypothalamus (vmn) and preoptic area (poa) as a function of the dose of estrogen administered to ovariectomized rats. every rat used had been characterized for the ability to display lordosis behavior. estradiol treatment led to a monotonic dose-dependent increase in pe mrna level in vm ... | 1990 | 2166200 |
| endotoxin inhibition of drinking behaviour in the rat. | intravenous (i.v. 320 and 640 micrograms/kg) and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.; 1 microgram/rat) injection of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) powerfully inhibited drinking induced by 24 h water deprivation. pretreatment with acetylsalicylic acid (asa) into the preoptic area (poa) completely abolished the effect induced by i.v. lps, but did not modify that elicited by i.c.v. lps. intraperitoneal asa injections significantly reduced the antidipsogenic effect of i.c.v. lps. electrolytic ... | 1990 | 2184421 |
| the effect of prior surgical disconnection of the anterior mediobasal hypothalamus on lhrh release in vitro. | the degenerative responses of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh)-containing neurons within the mediobasal hypothalamus (mbh) after knife cut lesions (fc) made in the frontal plane of the retrochiasmatic hypothalamus include a reduced number of lhrh-immunoreactive (ir) nerve terminals in the median eminence, reduction in lhrh content of the mbh and growth of novel irlhrh-containing neural processes into fc scar tissue. we have now investigated basal and secretogogue-evoked lhrh release ... | 1990 | 2194629 |
| macrophage inflammatory protein-1: unique action on the hypothalamus to evoke fever. | macrophage inflammatory protein (mip-1) administered systemically causes a fever not blocked by a prostaglandin (pge) synthesis inhibitor. the purpose of this study was to examine the central mechanism of pyrexic action of this cytokine in the unrestrained rat. after guide cannulae for microinjection were implanted stereotaxically just above the anterior hypothalamic preoptic area (ah/poa), the body temperature of each rat was monitored by a colonic thermistor probe. saline control vehicle or mi ... | 1990 | 2196977 |
| copulatory behavior is controlled by the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the quail poa. | the medial preoptic nucleus (pom) of the quail preoptic area is sexually dimorphic and testosterone sensitive. stereotaxic implantation of needles filled with crystalline testosterone demonstrated that the pom is a critical site of steroid action in the control of copulatory behavior. only implants located in the pom reliably restored the behavior in castrated birds. implants around the nucleus weakly activated the behavior; those which were distant by more than 200 microns were totally inactive ... | 1990 | 2207718 |
| isolation and characterization of a cdna clone encoding an ige-binding protein from kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis) pollen. | we reported previously on the isolation and characterization of several allergens from kentucky bluegrass (kbg) (poa pratensis l.) pollen with the aid of the corresponding murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs). in the present study, (1) an analysis of various tissues of this grass revealed that the allergenic components recognized by these mabs were confined to the pollen; (2) intact translatable mrna was isolated from the kbg pollen, and (3) a cdna library was constructed with this mrna in the la ... | 1990 | 2210872 |
| effects of lesions of a sexually dimorphic nucleus in the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area on the expression of androgen- and estrogen-dependent sexual behaviors in male ferrets. | the male nucleus of the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area (mn-poa/ah) is a sexually dimorphic structure present in male, but not in female ferrets. ovariectomized female ferrets given increasing dosages of estradiol benzoate (eb) normally run faster towards a stud male in an l-maze (i.e. become more proceptive). in two separate experiments, only gonadectomized males with bilateral damage to the mn-poa/ah following large or small electrolytic lesions approached stud males more quickly in respon ... | 1990 | 2224522 |
| differential acute influence of medial and lateral preoptic areas on sleep-wakefulness in freely moving rats. | the role of preoptic area (poa) in sleep-wakefulness and related eeg changes is well established. anatomically the area is divided into medial (mpoa) and lateral (ipoa) portions having different physiological functions. knowledge regarding the differential role, if any, of those two areas in sleep and wakefulness was lacking in the literature. therefore, an attempt was made in this study, to investigate the same systematically. experiments were conducted during day and night in freely moving rat ... | 1990 | 2253029 |
| morphological changes in the hypothalamic neurons of female rats exposed to continuous illumination. | the morphological changes of neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (pvn), suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn), ventromedial nucleus (vmn), preoptic area (poa), supraoptic nucleus (son) and arcuate nucleus (arn) were studied in 16-18 month-old long-evans female rats which had been exposed to continuous illumination (ll) for 11 months. most neurons in those hypothalamic areas showed compact cytoplasm with abundant nissl substances and evenly distributed chromatin. these morphological features were not ... | 1990 | 2269027 |
| [alterations of the sympathetic activity, plasma catecholamine content and pulmonary surfactant in neurogenic pulmonary edema in rats]. | neurogenic pulmonary edema (npe) was induced by microinjection of kainic acid into bilateral preoptic area (poa) of the hypothalamus in rats. sympathetic discharge of the left adrenal branch was recorded, plasma catecholamine (ca) was assayed and the physical properties of pulmonary surfactant (ps) of the lung lavage were measured. the results showed that some physical properties of ps were changed in npe, i.e. maximal surface tension (gamma max) decreased, minimum surface tension (gamma min) in ... | 1990 | 2278007 |
| anatomical segregation of two cortical visual pathways in the macaque monkey. | a number of lines of evidence suggest that, in the macaque monkey, inferior parietal and inferotemporal cortices process different types of visual information. it has been suggested that visual information reaching these two subdivisions follows separate pathways from the striate cortex through the prestriate cortex. we examined directly this possibility by placing injections of the retrograde fluorescent tracers, fast blue and diamidino yellow, in inferior parietal and inferotemporal cortex and ... | 1990 | 2278934 |
| sexually dimorphic areas in the brain of whiptail lizards. | the whiptail lizard species cnemidophorus inornatus exhibits sexually dimorphic mating behaviors. we report that complementary sexual dimorphisms exist in two hypothalamic regions in male and female c. inornatus. the anterior hypothalamus-preoptic area (ah-poa), which is involved in male-typical mounting and intromission behaviors, is larger in males. the ventromedial hypothalamus (vmh), which controls female-typical receptivity, is larger in females. the all-female whiptail lizard cnemidophorus ... | 1990 | 2285854 |
| intracellular recording of rat neuron activity at the medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus using triangular wave microelectrode oscillation. | a triangular wave microelectrode oscillating apparatus was constructed to evaluate an intracellular recording of rat neuron activity in the medial preoptic area (poa) of the hypothalamus. in this apparatus, electrodes passed a current with a frequency of 1.0 to 1.8 khz and a voltage of 2.2 to 3.2 v and produced micro-oscillation of the electrode tip. the electrode was inserted into a neuron of the rat poa in vivo. in vivo recording of the activity of the rat poa neuron was possible. by means of ... | 1990 | 2287122 |
| aromatase activity in adult guinea pig brain is androgen dependent. | androgen metabolism in target tissues constitutes an important step for understanding hormone action. the in situ aromatization of androgen represents one of these metabolic events. we characterized aromatase activity (aa) in a microsomal preparation of brain tissue from adult guinea pigs since earlier reports questioned its presence in neural tissues of this species. analyses revealed an apparent substrate affinity (approximately 17 nm) that was equivalent in adult males and females. however, a ... | 1990 | 2289019 |
| [peripheral arterial occlusive disease in old age: the role of leukocytes]. | transcutaneous oxygen pressure (tcpo2), the unfractionated leukocyte filterability rate (ulfr), and plasma oxydant activity (poa) were monitored during a standard treadmill exercise test (2 km/h, 12 degrees slope) in two groups of stage-ii peripheral vascular disease patients: one middle-aged group with an average age of 55 +/- 3 s.d. years, the other group elderly (average age 68 +/- 4 s.d. years). the results were compared to a healthy control group of 20 volunteers (average age 52 +/- 4 s.d. ... | 1990 | 2291305 |
| [the influences of morphine microinjected into preoptic area on electric activities of pain response neurons in parafascicular nucleus of thalamus in rat]. | we have observed the influences of opioid-like substances in preoptic area (poa) on the electric activities of pain response neurons in parafascicular nucleus of thalamus (pf). the results were as follows: 1. morphine 10 micrograms/microliters or 1 micrograms/microliters microinjected into poa could remarkably inhibit the pain discharges of most (20/26, 19/23 respectively) pain excitatory neurons (pen) in pf. the frequency of evoked discharges was decreased nd the duration was shortened. after i ... | 1990 | 2293371 |
| increased gabaergic transmission in medial hypothalamus facilitates lordosis but has the opposite effect in preoptic area. | the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) in mediation of lordosis in the rat has been unclear. we report here that gaba plays a dual role in the mediation of lordosis and has differential effects in the medial hypothalamus (mh) and preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus continuum (poa-ah). bilateral infusion of the gabaa antagonist bicuculline into the mh of cannulated females primed with estradiol benzoate and progesterone (eb + p) resulted in a marked and transient inhibition of ongoing lordosi ... | 1990 | 2302578 |
| growth and reproductive performance of ewe lambs fed corn or soybean meal while grazing pasture. | in a 2-yr study a total of 120 suffolk and suffolk-cross ewe lambs, approximately 3 mo of age, were assigned within weight strata to one of three treatments: 1) control, pasture only (c), 2) .09 kg soybean meal/(hd.d) (sbm) plus pasture or 3) .45 kg whole shelled corn/(hd.) plus pasture to compare growth and reproductive performance and to determine lamb selectivity of forage quality and type. each year, supplements were offered from june through the 3rd wk in november. ewe lambs were managed as ... | 1990 | 2303397 |
| circulating estradiol and the activation of male and female copulatory behavior in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | previous experiments using systemic and preoptic area (poa) hormone treatments have shown that aromatization of testosterone (t) to estrogen (e) is essential for activation of male-typical copulatory behavior in castrated male japanese quail (coturnix japonica). two experiments were conducted to determine whether circulating estrogen levels characteristic of normal intact males are high enough to activate male-typical or female-typical copulatory behavior. in experiment 1, blood samples were dra ... | 1990 | 2307345 |
| effects of vasocon-a in the allergen challenge model of acute allergic conjunctivitis. | the ophthalmic combination product of 0.05% naphazoline hydrochloride and 0.5% antazoline phosphate (vasocon-a) was evaluated as an antiallergic agent in 100 subjects with a known allergic history to cat dander, ragweed, or bluegrass pollen. three independent study sites were used. the allergen challenge model of acute allergic conjunctivitis was selected to assess the agent as it provided a standardized and precise way to measure drug effectiveness for this indication. in a double-masked random ... | 1990 | 2322153 |
| the induction by testosterone of aromatase activity in the preoptic area and activation of copulatory behavior. | a series of 4 experiments was designed to study the relationships between the activity of the aromatase (aa) in the preoptic area (poa) and the activation by testosterone (t) of copulatory behavior in gonadectomized male and female japanese quail. the induction of aa by t in the poa is dose- and time-dependent. levels of aa seen in sexually mature males are restored in castrated birds by a treatment with 20 to 40 mm silastic t capsules which produce physiological levels of steroid in the plasma. ... | 1990 | 2326347 |