Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| absorption of safflower oil and structured lipid preparations in patients with cystic fibrosis. | patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) and pancreatic insufficiency usually have decreased linoleic and increased oleic, palmitoleic and eicosatrienoic (20:3 omega 9) acids compared to normal values of blood and tissue lipids. these changes are consistent with early essential fatty acid deficiency and are observed despite the regular use of exogenous pancreatic enzyme supplementation. as part of a study to determine the relative role of malabsorption as the etiology for the altered fatty acid status ... | 1987 | 3613873 |
| the effect of medium and long chain triglyceride on human adipose tissue metabolism. | studies have been performed to assess the effects, in vivo and in vitro, of lipid emulsions on human adipose tissue prostaglandin production. subcutaneous adipose tissue obtained either during elective surgery or by needle aspiration was studied in tissue culture or by using a perifusion apparatus. physical mixtures of emulsions of long chain triglyceride (lct) and/or medium chain triglyceride (mct) were added to the tissue culture medium so that the final concentration was 400 mg/dl. after a 3- ... | 1987 | 3613875 |
| 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase in maturing safflower seeds and its contribution to the non-random fatty acid distribution of triacylglycerol. | a 20,000 x g particulate preparation isolated from maturing safflower seeds catalyzed the acylation of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate with acyl-coa to form phosphatidate. the specific activity of the reaction exceeded 200 nmol min-1 mg protein-1. although this preparation was also capable of catalyzing the acylation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate with acyl-coa, the hydrolysis of phosphatidate, and the acylation of 1,2-diacylglycerol, phosphatidate was the only major product when the preparation was ... | 1987 | 3622518 |
| dietary fat and colon cancer: animal models. | during the past 15 years, human and animal model studies performed in our laboratory indicate that dietary fat plays an important role in the etiology of colon cancer. the effect of dietary fat during the stages of initiation and postinitiation of colon carcinogenesis depends on not only the amount of fat but also the type of fat and its fatty acid composition. studies conducted in animal models have shown that high intake of dietary corn oil, beef fat, safflower oil, and lard increases colon ca ... | 1987 | 3628197 |
| [the food value of protein concentrates made from secondary raw oil sources--oil cakes and groats from corn germ, tomato seeds, safflower and flax]. | protein concentrates from oil cake of tomato seeds and corn bud, and groats of safflower and flax were studied for the content of the main food substances: proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, mineral substances, as well as for the fatty acid lipid spectrum, amino acid composition of proteins and the level of available lysine. in experiments on rats given rations containing protein concentrates from oil raw materials (calorific value 5.9 and 18%) as the only source of protein, the nputr coefficient ... | 1987 | 3630051 |
| dietary fat modulation of murine mammary tumor metabolism studied by in vivo 31p-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. | the effect of dietary fat concentration and saturation on high energy phosphate metabolites and phospholipid turnover in transplanted line 168 murine mammary tumors was studied using surface coil 31p-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. female balb/c mice were fed one of five diets each containing at least the minimum of essential fatty acids (efa). four diets contained additional safflower or palm oil for a total fat concentration of 5 or 20% by weight. the growth rate of tumors from mice f ... | 1987 | 3664470 |
| toxicity of palmitoyl glycerol to mice: hypothermia and reversal of the toxicity. | adult and weanling mice kept at low ambient temperatures show an increased sensitivity to the toxicity of dietary rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol. when fed the palmitoyl glycerol, mice less than 6 wk old show a pronounced hypothermia that is prevented by adding safflower oil to the diet. a more moderate degree of hypothermia is seen with older animals. once body temperature fell below 28 degrees c, replacing the toxic monoacylglycerol with safflower oil and/or raising the environmental temperature t ... | 1987 | 3668679 |
| dietary fat and n-nitrosation in the rat. | 1. groups of four conventional (cv) rats ate natural or purified diets either with or without 100 g fat/kg and drank 0.235 m-sodium nitrate. the fats tested were butterfat, coconut oil, olive oil, maize oil and safflower oil. 2. decreased urinary excretion of n-nitrosoproline (npro) was observed in rats fed on fat-supplemented diets compared with those fed on low-fat diets, with butterfat having the greatest effect of the fats tested. 3. reduced excretion of npro was not the result of inhibition ... | 1987 | 3676244 |
| enhancement of metastasis from a transplantable mouse mammary tumor by dietary linoleic acid. | the influence of quantitative differences in dietary linoleic acid (18:2) on the metastasis as well as the development of line 4526 mouse mammary tumors was investigated. high fat diets (20%, w/w) that contained either 1, 2, 4, 8, or 12% 18:2 by weight, were prepared by using mixtures of coconut and safflower oil and fed to female balb/c mice that were subsequently inoculated with 10(4) 4526 tumor cells s.c., either at the lateral abdominal wall (law) or in the mammary fat pad (mfp). latency of ... | 1987 | 3677068 |
| stability of total nutrient admixtures using various intravenous fat emulsions. | the stability of four lipid emulsions with amino acids and dextrose in total nutrient admixtures (tnas) was studied. the admixtures were divided into three groups. in group 1, 24 admixtures representing 20 different combinations of liposyn ii (safflower oil-soybean oil fat emulsion) with various manufacturers' amino acids (freamine iii, travasol, novamine, nephramine, and renamin) were tested. in group 2, 19 tnas representing 14 combinations containing soybean-oil emulsions (intralipid, travamul ... | 1987 | 3687967 |
| stability of various total nutrient admixture formulations using liposyn ii and aminosyn ii. | the compatibility of a safflower oil-soybean oil lipid emulsion (liposyn ii) with dextrose and amino acid injection (aminosyn ii) with or without electrolytes was studied in total nutrient admixtures (tnas). the admixtures studied were divided into two groups. in group 1, 15 admixtures representing six different combinations of liposyn ii, aminosyn ii, and dextrose injection were studied. in group 2, nine admixtures representing nine combinations of liposyn ii, aminosyn ii with electrolytes, and ... | 1987 | 3687968 |
| biologic significance of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the skin. | deficiency of essential fatty acid (efa) containing linoleic acid (18:2n-6) in humans or animals induces morphologic changes characterized by severe scaly dermatosis, extensive percutaneous water loss, and hyperproliferation of the epidermis. microscopically, the epidermis is characterized by hyperkeratosis and acanthosis. the refeeding of safflower oil containing linoleic acid or primrose oil (containing linoleic acid [18:2n-6] and gamma-linolenic acid [18:3n-6]) acids to efa-deficient guinea p ... | 1987 | 3688908 |
| nutritional encephalomalacia in the chick: an exposure of the vulnerable period for cerebellar development and the possible need for both omega 6- and omega 3-fatty acids. | 1. cockerels (1-d-old) received over a period of 4 weeks, a balanced diet containing either safflower oil (diet s) or linseed oil (diet l) as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa). body-weight, and weights of cerebrum and cerebellum increased at similar rates in the two dietary groups. the total fatty acids (fa) of the cerebellum differed from the cerebral fa by their higher pufa and oleic acid contents and their lower stearic acid level. during the 3rd week of life there was a spurt in ... | 1987 | 3689750 |
| fat and endocrine-responsive cancer in animals. | studies using the n-nitrosomethylurea mammary tumor model indicate that the tumor-promoting effect of dietary fat is dependent on both qualitative and quantitative factors. rats were fed diets containing either safflower, corn, or olive oil at either 23 (hf) or 5% (lf) in the diet (w/w). coconut oil was fed to one group at 23% (w/w). it was found that animals fed hf diets rich in linoleic acid, such as safflower and corn oil, exhibited increased incidence and decreased latent period compared wit ... | 1987 | 3476922 |
| t-cell mitogenesis and natural killer cell activity in colonic tumor-bearing and nontumor-bearing rats fed diets high in lipid with and without cholesterol. | it has been shown that rats fed diets high in lipid and cholesterol develop more 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (dmh)-induced bowel tumors than those fed diets low in lipid or without cholesterol. to further explore the effects of these dietary regimens on immune function, rats were fed diets containing 20% safflower or coconut oil, with or without cholesterol (1%) and cholic acid (0.3%), for 35 weeks during which time they were given dmh. only rats bearing one or more colon tumors and that showed no evi ... | 1987 | 3494235 |
| effect of maternal dietary linoleic acid and trans-octadecenoic acid on the fatty acid composition and prostaglandin content of rat milk. | the effects of seven levels of dietary linoleic acid (18:2), with and without trans-octadecenoic acid (18:1t), on the fatty acid composition and prostaglandin content of milk were investigated in lactating rat dams. at parturition, 14 groups of 4 rats each were fed diets containing 20% fat, with mixtures of coconut and safflower oils providing seven concentrations of 18:2 ranging from 3.6 +/- 0.5 to 44.5 + 2.3% of total fatty acids. hydrogenated soybean oil was added such that 18:1t comprised 10 ... | 1987 | 3470441 |
| effect of the amount and type of dietary fat on platelet function, platelet survival and response to continuous aortic injury in rats. | the effect of giving diets containing 1.5 or 16% safflower or corn oil or 16% milk fat for 15 weeks on changes in the fatty acid composition of platelet phospholipids, in vitro platelet function, platelet survival and thrombosis was examined in rats. the mean plasma cholesterol concentration was not different among the groups. diets containing 1.5% safflower or corn oil or 16% milk fat were associated with a decrease in 18:2n - 6 and an increase in 18:1n - 9 and the 20:4n - 6/18:2n - 6 ratio in ... | 1987 | 3426655 |
| [effects of equal amounts of linoleic acid in orally administered, polyunsaturated phospholipids or in safflower oil on blood lipoproteins]. | the effects of polyenylphosphatidylcholine in a dosage of 10 g per day were compared with an equimolar amount of linoleic acid in 7 g safloroil per day in 8 healthy subjects for 3 weeks. the concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, apolipoproteins a-i, a-ii and b were measured in serum, as well in vldl, ldl, hdl, hdl2, hdl3 on the day before, after 2 and 3 weeks of application and 6 months after the experiment. the diet was controlled 10 days before and during the experiment ... | 1987 | 3431029 |
| the result of feeding palmitoyl glycerol on lymph and plasma lipids. | palmitoyl glycerol is toxic when fed to mice, but the toxicity is alleviated by supplementing the toxic diet with 2-4% oleate or linoleate at the expense of sucrose. lipid and fatty acid composition of lymph and plasma were studied in mice fed chow and palmitoyl glycerol diets to help explain the toxicity mechanism. when mice were fed chow, intestinal lymph contained a high proportion of saturated fatty acids; when they were given palmitoyl glycerol, the proportion approached 90% saturated fatty ... | 1987 | 3451005 |
| fish oil prevents insulin resistance induced by high-fat feeding in rats. | non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is an increasingly prevalent disease in western and developing societies. a major metabolic abnormality of non-insulin-dependent diabetes is impaired insulin action (insulin resistance). diets high in fat from vegetable and nonaquatic animal sources (rich in linoleic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid, and saturated fats) lead to insulin resistance. in rats fed high-fat diets, replacement of only 6 percent of the linoleic omega-6 fatty acids from safflower oil wi ... | 1987 | 3303333 |
| effect of dietary fats and carbohydrate on blood pressure of mildly hypertensive patients. | the effect on blood pressure (bp) of replacing dietary saturated fat with either polyunsaturated fat (linoleic acid) or carbohydrate was studied in 21 untreated mildly hypertensive patients. in a randomized, double-blind, crossover protocol, all subjects received dietary supplements of cream, safflower oil, and carbohydrate in random sequence, each prepared in flavored yogurt or milk. each supplement was administered for 6 weeks and followed by a 4-week washout period of no supplementation. diet ... | 1987 | 3308702 |
| dietary suppression of prostaglandin synthesis does not accelerate doca/salt hypertension in rats. | 1. this study investigated the effects of dietary modification of prostaglandin (pg) synthesis on blood pressure regulation in doca/salt-treated rats. 2. after an initial 4 week period on either a 2-series pg 'inhibitory' diet of fish oil (max epa), a 'stimulatory' diet of safflower oil or a control diet of saturated fat, three groups of rats were placed on a doca/salt regimen for a further 4 weeks. another group on the saturated fat diet continued their diet without doca/salt administration. 3. ... | 1987 | 3315335 |
| medium chain triglycerides and structured lipids. | lipids are an essential component of our body composition and necessary in our daily food intake. conventional fats and oils are composed of glycerides of long chain fatty acids and are designated as long chain triglycerides (lct). body fat as well as the fats and oils in our daily intake fall into this category. in enteral and parenteral hyperalimentation, we can identify such lct fats and oils. soy, corn, safflower and sunflowerseed oils are typical of the lct oils. in the search for alternati ... | 1987 | 3112486 |
| medium chain triglycerides and structured lipids as unique nonglucose energy sources in hyperalimentation. | this brief review will discuss recent work concerning new intravenous lipid emulsions for future use in clinical patients. intravenous lipid emulsions currently available in the united states are derived from soybean or safflower oils and serve as sources of nonglucose, nitrogen-sparing calories and the essential fatty acid linoleic acid. because of concerns that much of the infused long chain triglyceride is not oxidized readily and that there may be some immune system impairment, newer emulsio ... | 1987 | 3112487 |
| cutaneous application of safflower oil in preventing essential fatty acid deficiency in patients on home parenteral nutrition. | essential fatty acid deficiency (efad) is observed in patients with massive bowel resection who are placed on home parenteral nutrition (hpn). we investigated the use of cutaneously applied safflower oil to prevent efad. five subjects on hpn supplemented with intravenous (iv) fat emulsions underwent a three-phase study: 1) no iv fat emulsions for 4 wk; 2) cutaneous safflower oil for 4-6 wk; 3) oral safflower oil for 4 wk. fatty acid profiles (fap) of plasma were obtained during each phase. signi ... | 1987 | 3115080 |
| toxicity of palmitoyl glycerol to mice: depression of thyroid function. | mice given propylthiouracil, a thyroid inhibitor, and fed a diet containing a nontoxic level of rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol showed the hypothermia and mortality expected for a toxic dose, but did not show these signs when linoleate or oleate was added to the diet. loss of radioiodine from the whole animal and thyroid gland was slower when mice were fed the toxic palmitoyl glycerol diet than when fed the same diet containing 4% safflower oil. however, mice fed the two diets did not differ in the ... | 1987 | 3117986 |
| influence of dietary fats on cell populations of line 168 mouse mammary tumors: a morphometric and ultrastructural study. | the effect of dietary fat concentration and saturation on cell composition and structure of line 168 mouse mammary tumors in vivo was studied using morphometry and electron microscopy. both the concentration and saturation of fat fed to mice had a significant influence on the volume ratio of mast cells infiltrating line 168 tumors. tumors of mice fed diets containing a high concentration (20%) of either safflower oil (so) or palm oil (po) had 2-3 times the volume ratio of mast cells than mice fe ... | 1987 | 3036343 |
| effects of dihydrotestosterone administration with and without estradiol pretreatment on gonadotropin secretion in ovariectomized pony mares. | twenty ovariectomized pony mares were used to determine if dihydrotestosterone propionate (dhtp) administration, with or without estradiol benzoate (eb) pretreatment, would have the same effects on follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) and luteinizing hormone (lh) secretion as testosterone propionate (tp) administration. all mares were given an initial injection of gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) to characterize their lh and fsh response, and then two groups of mares (n = 4/group) were admini ... | 1987 | 3149231 |
| contact dermatitis to safflower. | 1987 | 2960489 | |
| effect of dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance on brain lipid compositions and learning ability of rats. | spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr) and normotensive control, wistar/kyoto (wky) rats through two generations were fed a semipurified diet supplemented either with safflower oil (rich in linoleate) or with perilla oil (rich in alpha-linolenate). the cerebral lipid contents and phospholipid compositions did not differ between the two dietary groups of shr rats. there were also no differences in the unsaturated/saturated ratios of individual phospholipids or the proportions of plasma-logens. how ... | 1987 | 2883248 |
| impaired platelet aggregation and thromboxane generation in essential fatty acid-deficient rats. | adp-induced platelet aggregation and thrombin-induced thromboxane b2 generation in diluted whole blood from rats fed a fat-free diet supplemented with 10% (by weight) hydrogenated coconut oil [essential fatty acid (efa) deficient] were significantly lower than that in animals fed 10% safflower oil [(sfo) rich in linoleic acid] or 10% marine oil (rich in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid). plasma fibrinogen levels were significantly lower and liver function was impaired in the efa-de ... | 1987 | 2888839 |
| selective incorporation of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in essential fatty acid deficient rats in response to short-term oil feeding. | essential fatty acid deficient male sprague dawley rats were fed for 7 days a fat-free semi-synthetic diet supplemented with 10% by weight of different oil supplements. the oil supplement was a mixture of olive, safflower and linseed oils prepared at different proportions so the dietary n-9/n-6/n-3 ratios were approximate 2/1/1, 1/2/1, 1/1/2, and 1/1/1. the fatty acid compositions of plasma and liver lipids were then examined. our results show polyunsaturated n-6 and n-3 fatty acids were selecti ... | 1987 | 2898942 |
| the effects of dietary fish oil on hepatic high density and low density lipoprotein receptor activities in the rat. | rats were fed either a standard ration diet or that diet supplemented with 8% by wt of a marine fish oil or safflower oil. after 10 days, plasma triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (hdl) cholesterol, hepatic cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis and hepatic low density lipoprotein (ldl) receptor activity were significantly depressed while hdl receptor activity was significantly increased in rats fed fish oil. fish oil-induced effects on cholesterol metabolism in the rat ... | 1987 | 2820793 |
| effect of a fish-oil-supplemented diet on inflammation and immunological processes in rats. | the effect of a diet enriched in fish-oil-derived fatty acids including eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) and docosahexaenoic acid (dcha) in inflammation and immunological processes in rats has been investigated. rats on a normal chow diet were given 500 mg/kg/day epa and 333 mg/kg/day dcha by gavage over a period of 50 days. control groups received water, oleic acid or safflower oil. acute and chronic phases of inflammation induced by antigenic challenge with bovine serum albumin were examined in the ... | 1987 | 2820885 |
| significance of eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) in nutritional support. | changes in the fatty acid profile of plasma total lipids in patients maintained on tpn were determined in 2 studies. in the first study, 20 newborns, 2-25 days of age, receiving comparable nitrogen, calories and fat were divided into 2 groups of 10 in each. a safflower oil emulsion (liposyn 20%) containing no alpha-linolenic acid was given to the group 1 subjects, while a modified emulsion containing 3% of alpha-linolenic acid in safflower oil supplying 5.6% of total calories was given to those ... | 1987 | 2824378 |
| the effect of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid on arachidonic acid incorporation and metabolism in rat leukocytes. | arachidonic acid (aa) released from membrane phospholipids by phospholipase a2 during cell activation is the major polyunsaturated fatty acid precursor in mammals for the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. eicosapentaenoic acid (epa), a major polyunsaturated fatty acid in fish oils competes with aa for these enzymes. the resulting products from epa are generally less potent than the corresponding aa metabolites which may explain the beneficial effects of this oil in reducing thrombotic an ... | 1987 | 2829281 |
| membrane handling of calcium in essential hypertension. | several abnormalities have been described in the blood-cell handling of calcium in patients with hypertension and rats with genetic hypertension. we have suggested elsewhere that the multiple abnormalities of monovalent and divalent ion handling by blood cells in hypertension, which are loosely and variably associated with blood pressure, reflect a global variability of cell membrane lipids. in the light of this suggestion we tested the relevance of decreased membrane binding of calcium by exami ... | 1987 | 2831320 |
| gammalinolenic acid-enriched diet alters cutaneous eicosanoids. | there are reports that vegetable oils containing gammalinolenic acid (gla) may exert beneficial effects on inflammatory skin disorders. to determine whether or not dietary gla exerts any modulatory role on cutaneous eicosanoids, guinea pigs were fed either a control diet containing safflower oil (less than 0.5% gla) or borage oil, a gla-rich diet containing 25% gla. after an 8-week feeding period, epidermal samples from both animal groups were analyzed for fatty acid composition and tissue eicos ... | 1988 | 2841938 |
| fish oil reduces cholesterol and arachidonic acid content more efficiently in rats fed diets containing low linoleic acid to saturated fatty acid ratios. | rats were fed diets containing a high level of saturated fatty acids (hydrogenated beef tallow) versus a high level of linoleic acid (safflower oil) at both low and high levels of fish oil containing 7.5% (w/w) eicosapentaenoic and 2.5% (w/w) docosahexaenoic acids for a period of 28 days. the effect of feeding these diets on the cholesterol content and fatty acid composition of serum and liver lipids was examined. feeding diets high in fish oil with safflower oil decreased the cholesterol conten ... | 1988 | 2844278 |
| effect of varying concentrations of linoleic acid on alpha-adrenoceptor responses in spontaneously hypertensive rats. | the effect of increased intake of linoleic acid on the alpha-adrenergic system was assessed by safflower oil supplementation to spontaneously hypertensive rats. linoleic acid-enriched intake at 5%, 15% and 30% by weight of total food intake for 12 wk was associated with a reduction in resting arterial blood pressure, while heart rate and heart to body weight ratios were similar to control group values. a dose-response analysis to norepinephrine bitartrate administered intravenously indicated a s ... | 1988 | 2845438 |
| reversal of epidermal hyperproliferation in essential fatty acid deficient guinea pigs is accompanied by rapid generation of inositol triphosphate. | this study probes the extent of coupling between the reversal of epidermal hyperproliferation induced by essential fatty acid (efa) deficiency in guinea pigs, the hydrolysis of epidermal phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (ptdins4,5p2), and the rapid formation of inositol triphosphate (insp3). our data revealed that the incorporation of free [3h]-inositol into phosphatidylinositol 4p and ptdins4,5p2 of microsomal preparations from hyperproliferative epidermis was markedly elevated when compar ... | 1988 | 2845870 |
| effect of dietary fish oils on the formation of leukotriene b4 and b5, thromboxane and platelet activating factor by rat leukocytes. | 1. this study investigates the effect of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (epa), in the form of 'max epa' fish oil, on leukotriene b4 (ltb4) production in ionophore-stimulated rat leukocytes. male wistar rats (200-250 g) were fed for 3 weeks on a synthetic chow supplemented with either 10% by weight max epa oil or a coconut oil/safflower oil mixture. 2. the epa-rich diet significantly increased the epa content of leukocyte phospholipids and decreased the arachidonic acid level by 35% (p less than 0 ... | 1988 | 2856061 |
| effect of the dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance on lipid compositions and learning ability of rats. ii. discrimination process, extinction process, and glycolipid compositions. | donryu strain rats through two generations were fed semi-purified diets supplemented with safflower seed oil (rich in linoleic acid) or with perilla seed oil (rich in alpha-linolenic acid), or a conventional laboratory chow (normal control diet). brightness-discrimination learning ability was determined to be the highest in the perilla oil-fed group, followed by the normal group, and then by the safflower group, extending our earlier observation in a different strain of rat that alpha-linolenic ... | 1988 | 2903207 |
| differential effects of dietary linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid on lipid metabolism in rat tissues. | comparative effects of feeding dietary linoleic (safflower oil) and alpha-linolenic (linseed oil) acids on the cholesterol content and fatty acid composition of plasma, liver, heart and epididymal fat pads of rats were examined. animals fed hydrogenated beef tallow were used as isocaloric controls. plasma cholesterol concentration was lower and the cholesterol level in liver increased in animals fed the safflower oil diet. feeding the linseed oil diet was more effective in lowering plasma choles ... | 1988 | 2903427 |
| effects of dietary alpha- and gamma-linolenic acid on lipid metabolism in young and adult rats. | the effect of age on lipid metabolism was studied in rats fed diets containing safflower oil (sfo, 78% linoleic acid), evening primrose oil (epo, 9.4% gamma-linolenic acid and 70% linoleic acid) or the mixture of safflower and linseed oil (slo, 10.2% alpha-linolenic acid and 68% linoleic acid). the activity of hepatic hmg-coa reductase declined with age in all groups. in adult rats, the reductase activity was high in the epo group and low in the slo group. the activity of hepatic cholesterol 7 a ... | 1988 | 2903713 |
| docosahexaenoic acid and other dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress leukotriene synthesis by mouse peritoneal macrophages. | the efficacy of individual omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) in altering eicosanoid synthesis in peritoneal macrophages was studied by feeding mice for 10 days a diet containing 2 wt % fat, which included 0.5 wt % ethyl esters of eicosapentaenoic acid (epa), docosahexaenoic acid (dha) or linolenic acid (lna). upon stimulation with calcium ionophore a23187, macrophages from these animals produced significantly lower amounts of leukotriene c4, leukotriene b4 and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic ... | 1988 | 2904636 |
| effect of dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance on mean survival time, incidence of stroke and blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats. | following the suckling period, stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr-sp) were fed semi-purified diets supplemented either with safflower seed oil (rich in linoleic acid) or with perilla seed oil (rich in alpha-linolenic acid). the mean survival time of male shr-sp fed the perilla diet was longer than that fed the safflower diet by 17% (p less than 0.001) while the difference was 15% in female shr-sp (p less than 0.05). the mean survival times of female shr-sp were more than 40% longe ... | 1988 | 2905408 |
| plasma, platelet, and aorta fatty acids composition in response to dietary n-6 and n-3 fats supplementation in a rat model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. | male sprague-dawley rats were injected with 90 mg/kg of streptozotocin at 2 days of age. after weaning, they were put on a fat-free diet supplemented with safflower oil (s), a combination of s and linseed oil (l) or a combination of evening primrose oil (e) and l for 8 weeks. plasma glucose levels and glycosuria were significantly elevated in all 3 groups of diabetic rats in comparison with the corresponding control rats. the percentage of arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) in plasma phospholipids of th ... | 1988 | 2976815 |
| effect of the dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance on leukotriene production and histamine release in rats. | rats were fed semi-purified diets supplemented either with safflower seed oil rich in linoleate (18:2n-6) or with perilla seed oil rich in alpha-linolenate (18:3n-3) through two generations. in the major phospholipids of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns), the proportions of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (18:2, 20:4, 22:4 and 22:5) were higher but those of n-3 acids (20:5, 22:5 and 22:6) were lower in the safflower group than in the perilla group. when stimulated with a calcium ionophore, the ... | 1988 | 2459732 |
| dietary changes in membrane lipids and leucocyte calcium. | it has been postulated that changes in the fatty acid component of cell membrane phospholipids play an important role in cell membrane ion handling. to test this hypothesis, we have administered the polyunsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid (as 4 g daily of safflower oil) to 25 normotensive volunteers in a double-blind crossover trial for 4 weeks. there was a significant decrease in leucocyte ionised calcium at the end of active treatment compared with the end of placebo period. there was no diff ... | 1988 | 2467095 |
| effects of a low saturated fat, low cholesterol fish oil supplement in hypertriglyceridemic patients. a placebo-controlled trial. | to determine the effects of fish oil supplements low in saturated fat and cholesterol on plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels in hypertriglyceridemic patients. | 1988 | 3166357 |
| enhanced survival to endotoxin in guinea pigs fed iv fish oil emulsion. | improved survival to endotoxin has been demonstrated in rats pretreated with cyclooxygenase inhibitors or made essential fatty acid deficient, implying that excessive omega 6 fatty acids, possibly through their eicosanoid products, contribute to mortality. following endotoxin administration, we also have shown improvement in survival with oral diets supplemented with fish oil. this study sought to explore whether parenteral fish oil ameliorates the adverse impact of endotoxin. male hartley-strai ... | 1988 | 3172993 |
| effects of dietary fish oil on platelet function and plasma lipids in hyperlipoproteinemic and normal subjects. | we studied the effects of dietary supplementation with an encapsulated fish oil concentrate (maxepa) on platelet function, fibrinolysis, and plasma lipids and lipoproteins in 9 normal subjects, 10 patients with type iv hyperlipoproteinemia, and 6 with type iib hyperlipoproteinemia. after a baseline period, the subjects crossed over randomly between treatment periods with maxepa (providing 3.24 g eicosapentaenoic acid and 2.16 g docosahexaenoic acid per day) and safflower oil (used as a control), ... | 1988 | 3178928 |
| effect of fish oil concentrate on lipoprotein composition in niddm. | non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (niddm) is associated with elevated very-low-density lipoprotein (vldl) triglyceride concentrations and abnormalities of low-density lipoprotein (ldl) composition. because fish oil supplementation may favorably affect lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in nondiabetic subjects, we determined the effect of fish oil concentrate on plasma lipids and lipoprotein composition in patients with niddm. dietary-supplementation 1-mo periods of 4.0 and 7.5 g of omega ... | 1988 | 3181646 |
| dietary manipulation of macrophage phospholipid classes: selective increase of dihomogammalinolenic acid. | because alterations in the dietary content of fatty acids are an important method for modulating macrophage eicosanoid production, we have quantitated the levels of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in peritoneal macrophage individual phospholipids from mice fed diets (3 wk) with either safflower oil (saf), predominantly containing 18:2n-6, borage (bor) containing 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-6, fish (mfo) containing 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3, and borage/fish mixture (mix) containing 18:2n-6, 18:3n-6, 20:5 ... | 1988 | 3185109 |
| linoleic acid-induced fatty acid changes in platelet and aorta of the rat: effect of age and cholesterol. | the influence of age and cholesterol on polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) levels was studied in young and old male sprague-dawley rats. animals were fed a fat-free diet supplemented with 10% (by wt) safflower oil with or without 1% cholesterol for 8 wk. as a result of cholesterol feeding, proportions of linoleic acid (18:2n-6) and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (20:3n-6) were increased and that of arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) was decreased in the liver and platelet phospholipids in 64-wk-old rats, s ... | 1988 | 3185125 |
| the effects of omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acid-enriched diets on plasma lipoproteins and apoproteins in familial combined hyperlipidemia. | there is abundant evidence that dietary omega 3 fatty acids effect a favorable change in lipoprotein profiles of normolipidemic individuals. however, there is relatively little information available on the lipoprotein responses of hyperlipidemic individuals at risk for premature coronary artery disease. we studied a group of subjects with familial combined hyperlipidemia (fchl), as well as a group of normal controls, on three rigidly controlled diets differing primarily in their fatty acid compo ... | 1988 | 3185285 |
| effects of type of dietary fat on indices of immune status of rabbits. | we have compared the effects of dietary saturated and unsaturated fats of the n-6 and n-3 types on the immune status of male new zealand white rabbits. four groups of rabbits (n = 8) were fed purified diets containing one of the following fats (7.6% w/w, 23 kcal%) for 5 mo, hydrogenated soybean oil (hso); safflower oil (sfo); linseed oil (lso); or menhaden oil (mho). in vitro proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) cultured with t-cell mitogens was significantly higher in the lso gro ... | 1988 | 3193254 |
| toxicity of rac-1(3)-myristoyl glycerol to mice. | when a diet containing 30% rac-1(3)-myristoyl glycerol was fed to mice, they developed hypothermia and death occurred within a few days. if 4% safflower oil was added to the diet containing the myristoyl glycerol, hypothermia did not develop and the mortality decreased. there was a pronounced effect of ambient temperature on the toxic effects of rac-1(3)-myristoyl glycerol. overall, the effects of feeding rac-1(3)-myristoyl glycerol paralleled the previous findings with rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycer ... | 1988 | 3210075 |
| carnitine supplementation vs. medium-chain triglycerides in postburn nutritional support. | the effect of dietary supplementation of carnitine on protein metabolism was studied in a burned guinea-pig model. animals bearing a 30 per cent total body surface area burn were enterally infused with three isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets via gastrostomy feeding tubes for 14 days. two diets contained safflower oil (long-chain triglycerides, lct) and another diet contained medium-chain triglycerides (mct) as their lipid sources (30 per cent of total calories as lipid). l-carnitine was added ... | 1988 | 3228696 |
| [studies on high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of safflomin a and b in safflower yellow (the extract of carthamus tinctorius l.) and commercial safflower yellows]. | 1988 | 3250640 | |
| [identification and determination of platelet aggregation inhibitor from safflower (carthamus tinctorius linné)]. | 1988 | 3251021 | |
| association-dissociation and denaturation-renaturation of high-molecular-weight protein: carmin from safflower seed (carthamus tinctorius l.) in alkaline solution. | the effect of alkaline ph on the association, dissociation, and denaturation of carmin, the high-molecular-weight protein from safflower seed was investigated in the ph range 7-12, using various biophysical techniques. the results indicate that the multimeric protein carmin dissociates at ph 8.0 where denaturation has not set in. the association-dissociation of the protein can be represented schematically as 11s in equilibrium 7s in equilibrium 4s----2s. above ph 10, the protein undergoes simult ... | 1988 | 3252893 |
| protection of the rat myocardium from ischemic injury by dietary lamprey oil. | the lamprey (entosphenus japonicus martens) has been recommended in japan as an efficacious diet for curing some of chronic inflammatory disorders. fresh lamprey is rich in n-3 unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids) with minimal seasonal variation. the dietary effect of lamprey oil on acute myocardial ischemia was therefore investigated. rats were fed a control diet or a diet supplemented with 5% safflower oil (so) or 5% lamprey oil (lo) for 4 weeks. after cor ... | 1988 | 3273220 |
| effects of various combinations of omega 3 and omega 6 polyunsaturated fats with saturated fat on serum lipid levels and eicosanoid production in rats. | the effects of varying the ratio of polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acids (p/s) and omega 3/omega 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) of dietary fats on lipid metabolism were studied in rats using safflower oil (sfo), linseed oil (lso), palm oil (plo), and a 1:1 combination of these oils. the hypocholesterolemic and hypotriglyceridemic effects depended on the p/s ratio of dietary fats, lso (omega 3 pufa) being more effective than sfo (omega 6 pufa). a similar pattern of the response was observe ... | 1988 | 3292727 |
| fatty acid intake and kupffer cell function: fish oil alters eicosanoid and monokine production to endotoxin stimulation. | diets high in n-3 fatty acids appear to have an anti-inflammatory effect, which is thought to be due to decreased macrophage prostaglandin (pg) and thromboxane (tx) production after incorporation of these fatty acids into cell membrane phospholipids. the effect of n-3 fatty acids incorporation on macrophage monokine release in response to septic stimuli is not well established. kupffer cells, the fixed macrophages of the liver, were obtained from rats fed diets with fat sources derived from corn ... | 1988 | 3041642 |
| lipodystrophic diabetes mellitus. investigations of lipoprotein metabolism and the effects of omega-3 fatty acid administration in two patients. | we investigated the metabolic effects of omega-6 (safflower oil) and omega-3 (fish oil) fatty acid-enriched diets (65% carbohydrate, 20% fat) in two patients with a syndrome of diabetes mellitus, lipodystrophy, acanthosis nigricans, chylomicronemia, and abdominal pain. 3h-glycerol was used to evaluate triglyceride-rich lipoprotein-triglyceride (trlp-tg) metabolism, and changes in glucose and insulin dynamics were also studied. on the omega-6 diet, both subjects demonstrated four- to five-times n ... | 1988 | 3050365 |
| effects of omega-3 fatty acids in hypertriglyceridemic states. | in the experimental studies reported in this review, dietary omega-3 fatty acids from fish and fish oil had profound hypolipidemic effects in normal subjects and in hypertriglyceridemic patients with combined hyperlipidemia (type iib) and type v hyperlipidemia. in these studies, 68 adults participated in carefully controlled metabolic experiments. in all subjects and patients, there were marked reductions in plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, with triglyceride lowering being esp ... | 1988 | 3051392 |
| cholesterol levels and eicosanoid production in rats fed phosphatidylinositol or soybean lecithin. | male young rats were fed 8% corn oil diets supplemented either with 2% phosphatidylinositol (pi) from safflower seeds or soybean lecithin (sl) for 22 days. other groups of rats were fed 10% corn oil diets with or without (control) 0.3% inositol (in, equivalent to the inositol moiety of the pi diet). the plasma cholesterol level was low in the sl group whereas liver triglyceride was low in all supplemented groups. the aortic production of prostacyclin tended to be high in rats fed the control die ... | 1988 | 3054022 |
| novel triglycerides for special medical purposes. | the clinical use of intravenous lipid emulsions have been routine for over 25 years. for most of that time period the use of the vegetable oils, soybean and safflower, were the exclusive lipid source for these emulsions. recently intravenous medium-chain triglycerides have been commercially available. this review will discuss several important new research developments coming from the laboratory which should prove to enhance the nutritional effectiveness as well as minimize the adverse effects o ... | 1988 | 3063836 |
| the effect of diet on the spontaneous insulin dependent diabetic syndrome in the rat. | we have fed rats prone to developing spontaneous insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm) defined diets in which casein was the sole source of protein and the fat content was either menhaden oil, safflower oil, or corn oil. the incidence of iddm was compared to that in litter mates fed rat chow. animals receiving the defined diets had a lower frequency of overt iddm than did animals receiving rat chow. the effect was seen only when the diet was introduced before the animals had reached the age ... | 1988 | 3073033 |
| increased vascular reactivity induced by essential fatty acid deficiency in rat autoperfused hindquarters. | the effects of essential fatty acid deficiency (efad) on vascular reactivity to vasoconstrictor stimuli were studied in rat autoperfused hindquarters. weanling male sprague-dawley rats (aged 21 days) were fed diets containing 8% (weight/weight) of stearax plus 2% safflower oil (control diet) or 10% stearax (efad diet) for 8 weeks. there was no difference in systemic blood pressure or body weight between the two groups. basal production of immunoreactive 6-keto-pgf1 alpha by aortic segments was m ... | 1988 | 3127460 |
| diacylglycerol acyltransferase in maturing safflower seeds: its influences on the fatty acid composition of triacylglycerol and on the rate of triacylglycerol synthesis. | diacylglycerol acyltransferase in a particulate preparation from maturing safflower seeds showed no strict selectivity for acyl-coa when acyl-coa substrates were administered as mixtures. this suggested that the fatty acid composition of position 3 in safflower triacyl-sn-glycerol exclusively depends on the acyl-coa composition in the cell. the specific activity of the acylation was approximately 3 nmol/min per mg protein of the preparation under the optimum assay conditions. this low activity a ... | 1988 | 3334861 |
| preferential metabolism by macrophages of conditioned rabbit hypercholesterolemic remnant lipoproteins. | rabbits were fed a diet containing 1% cholesterol, and lipoproteins were isolated from their plasma by sequential ultracentrifugation. lipoprotein remnants (d = 1.019-1.063) were conditioned by incubation with bovine aortic smooth muscle cells for 24 h and then incubated for 4 h with j774 cells or mouse peritoneal macrophages. conditioning of remnants and low-density lipoproteins resulted in enhancement of their uptake and metabolism by the macrophages in culture. the macrophages metabolized con ... | 1988 | 3349092 |
| repression of pentose phosphate pathway dehydrogenase synthesis and mrna by dietary fat in rats. | we have studied the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid and its metabolism on the activity, relative synthesis and mrna levels for rat hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6pgd). rats were meal-fed high carbohydrate diets containing either no fat, 5% safflower oil or 5% safflower oil + eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraynoic acid (tya). hepatocytes were isolated and used as a source of rna, de novo radiolabeled protein and postmitochondrial supernatant for ... | 1988 | 3351636 |
| polyunsaturated fatty acids and protection of newborn rats from oxygen toxicity. | to test whether polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) might be associated with protection against oxygen toxicity in newborn experimental animals, we performed two series of experiments. in the first series, adult female rats were fed one of three diets--regular rat chow, a high-pufa (safflower oil-based) diet, or a low-pufa (palm oil-based) diet--for several weeks before and throughout pregnancy and lactation. newborn offspring of the three diet groups had similar antioxidant enzyme activities and ... | 1988 | 3351690 |
| effects of a fish oil concentrate in patients with hypercholesterolemia. | the effects of a fish oil supplement on lipid and lipoprotein levels, platelet function, and vital signs were investigated in 31 hypercholesterolemic patients. thirteen patients took 5 g of encapsulated fish oil per day and 18 patients took 5 g of encapsulated safflower oil "placebo" per day for 28 days. diet and exercise patterns were kept as constant as possible during the study. the fish oil group had significant increases in several lipid/lipoprotein values at the end of the treatment, inclu ... | 1988 | 3355619 |
| fetal growth and fetal lung phospholipid content in rats fed safflower oil, menhaden oil, or hydrogenated coconut oil. | the objective was to determine if dietary fish oil decreased the degree of fatty acid saturation in rat lung phosphatidylcholine (pc). a diet containing 12% of its energy as fat was fed for 3 wk to growing male sprague-dawley rats (trial i) or to pregnant rats for days 8-21 of gestation (trial ii). the dietary fat treatments in trial i were safflower oil (so), menhaden oil (mo), or hydrogenated coconut oil (hco) and in trial ii were so, mo, hco, or so-mo (75%:25%). polyunsaturated fatty acids re ... | 1988 | 3364398 |
| effect of essential fatty acid deficiency on the size and distribution of rat plasma hdl. | rat plasma high density lipoproteins (hdl) are comprised of two major particle size subpopulations, hdl1 (255 a-140 a) and hdl2 (140 a-84 a), in which the proportion of arachidonate in fatty acids of cholesteryl esters is greater than 50%. to determine whether decreased availability of arachidonate for cholesterol esterification would alter the distribution and/or amounts of the hdl subpopulations, we compared hdl subpopulations in efa-deficient and control rats. to separate the effects of efa d ... | 1988 | 3367696 |
| phrynoderma: is it an efa deficiency disease? | the clinical response to various therapeutic agents was evaluated in 31 patients with phrynoderma. a complete clinical response with vitamin b-complex was noted in an average period of 5.7 weeks. in patients treated with vitamin e, partial or total improvement was seen in an average period of 12.3 and 10.7 weeks respectively. patients treated with safflower oil showed a partial improvement in an average period of 13.2 weeks. the essential fatty acid (efa) nutriture of 30 patients was compared wi ... | 1988 | 3371295 |
| high-performance liquid chromatography of carthamin, safflor yellow a and a precursor of carthamin. application to the investigation of an unknown red pigment produced in cultured cells of safflower. | a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (rp-hplc) method was developed to analyse and purify carthamin, safflor yellow a (safflomin-a) and the yellow precursor of carthamin. a red pigment similar to carthamin was extracted from cell suspension cultures of safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) as an application of biotechnology. the rp-hplc method was used to characterize the unknown red pigment. various spectroscopic methods were used to characterize purified carthamin and the pur ... | 1988 | 3379118 |
| the influence of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids on kidney phospholipid composition and on eicosanoid production in aging rats. | changes in eicosanoid production may contribute to some of the complications of the aging process such as atherosclerosis and glomerular sclerosis. polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-6 and n-3 series are precursors of eicosanoids. we fed diets containing safflower oil as a source of n-6 fatty acids, fish oil as a source of n-3 fatty acids or beef tallow as a source of saturated fats to three groups of normal rats from 2-18 months of age. we demonstrated incorporation of the n-3 fatty acids, 20 ... | 1988 | 3398717 |
| fatty acid composition of macrophage phospholipids in mice fed fish or borage oil. | the polyunsaturated fatty acid (pufa) composition of murine peritoneal macrophage phospholipids was dramatically altered in vivo following the four-wk feeding of specific dietary oils. fish oil (containing 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3) feeding significantly increased macrophage 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3, and 22:6n-3 (p less than 0.05), while borage oil (containing 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-6) increased (p less than 0.05) the macrophage 20:3n-6/20:4n-6 ratio, relative to safflower oil (containing 18:2n-6) and hydrogenated ... | 1988 | 3398727 |
| dietary fish oil enhances monocyte adhesion and fatty streak formation in the hypercholesterolemic rat. | using the rat model of atherosclerosis, the influence of dietary fish oil on early stages of atherosclerotic lesion formation was studied. normocholesterolemic rats (serum cholesterol less than 100 mg/dl), moderately hypercholesterolemic rats fed cholesterol and cholic acid (serum cholesterol less than 400 mg/dl), and severely hypercholesterolemic rats fed cholesterol, cholic acid, and 2-thiouracil (serum cholesterol greater than 900 mg/dl) had their diets supplemented with 5% (w/w) "maxepa" fis ... | 1988 | 3400780 |
| a rapid method for purification of organelles for dna isolation: self-generated percoll gradients. | self-generated percoll gradients have been used for rapid purification of crude chloroplasts and mitochondria, obtained by common differential centrifugation techniques. such purified organelles were used for isolating dna from safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.), carrot (daucus carota l.), various solanaceae, and numerous somatic hybrids. the method is simple, has the advantage of not requiring dnase, and is particularly well suited when only limited amounts of aseptically grown shoots are avai ... | 1988 | 24241541 |
| the utilisation of fatty-acid substrates in triacylglycerol biosynthesis by tissue-slices of developing safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) and sunflower (helianthus annuus l.) cotyledons. | developing cotyledons of safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) and sunflower (helianthus annuus l.) readily utilised exogenously supplied (14)c-labelled fatty-acid substrates for the synthesis of triacylglycerols. the other major radioactive lipids were phosphatidylcholine and diacylglycerol. in safflower cotyledons, [(14)c]oleate was rapidly transferred to position 2 of sn-phosphatidylcholine and concomitant with this was the appearance of radioactive linoleate. the linoleate was further utilised ... | 1988 | 24226537 |
| microsomal phosphatidate phosphatase in maturing safflower seeds. | an assay system comprising sodium phosphatidate, phosphatidylcholine, and bovine serum albumin has been developed for the reproducible determination of phosphatidate phosphatase activity in maturing seeds of safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.). the activity was detected in both membrane and soluble fractions, and the microsomal phosphatidate phosphatase was characterized. the optimum ph for pi release was 6.7, and the activity depended on the concentration of mg(2+). phosphatidylcholine and bovi ... | 1989 | 16666786 |
| a comparison of the metabolic fate of fatty acids of different chain lengths in developing oilseeds. | to determine if medium and long chain fatty acids can be appropriately metabolized by species that normally produce 16 and 18 carbon fatty acids, homogenates of developing cuphea wrightii, carthamus tinctorius, and crambe abyssinica seeds were incubated with radiolabeled lauric, palmitic, oleic, and erucic acids. in all three species, acyl-coa synthetase showed broad substrate specificity in synthesis of acyl-coenzyme a (coa) from any of the fatty acids presented. in carthamus, two- to fivefold ... | 1989 | 16666885 |
| isolation, growth characteristics, and long-term storage of fungi cultivated by attine ants. | seven pure-culture strains of fungi cultivated by attine ants (ant-garden fungi) were isolated from locally maintained leaf-cutting ant colonies. an ant-garden fungus strain obtained from an atta cephalotes colony, when offered to ants of the colony from which the fungus was isolated, was accepted as their own. young fungus cultures were harvested and incorporated into the fungus garden, and cultures of intermediate age were used to begin a new fungus garden; old cultures were simply harvested. ... | 1989 | 16347927 |
| [biliary calculi in th golden hamster (m. a. auratus). xxxv. effect of the hydrogenation of polifat ka-02 on its preventive activity against pigment cholelithiasis]. | it has been previously reported that polifat ka-02 (fatty acids derived from safflower oil) prevents the pigment cholelithiasis produced by vitamin a in the golden hamster. in order to establish whether the saturation or the unsaturation of polifat is directly related with its preventive action, in the present study the effect of the hydrogenation of the derivative on this preventive action was tested. two experiments were carried out in which the animals received the different experimental diet ... | 1989 | 2488774 |
| endotoxin challenge after menhaden oil diet: effects on survival of guinea pigs. | improvement in survival to endotoxin has been seen after pretreatment with cyclooxygenase inhibitors. because eicosapentaenoic acid (epa), found in menhaden oil, competitively inhibits cyclooxygenase, we fed two groups of guinea pigs diets, in which the fat source was either menhaden or safflower oil, for 6 wk. a third group was allowed the safflower oil diet ad libitum. menhaden oil-fed animals showed enhanced survival compared with safflower oil control animals 20 h after endotoxin (87 vs 63%, ... | 1989 | 2492743 |
| alteration of erythrocyte lipid composition following total parenteral nutrition in the rat. | rats were infused continuously for 7 days with a complete total parenteral nutrition (tpn) solution in which 27.5% total calories were given as a parenteral lipid emulsion containing soybean oil (liposyn) or safflower oil (intralipid) emulsified with egg phospholipid (pl). compared to sham-operated rats fed chow, the erythrocyte membranes from rats given tpn with lipid emulsion had increased cholesterol and pl but normal molar cholesterol:pl ratios. the fatty acid changes in sphingomyelin and ph ... | 1989 | 2494367 |
| heterogeneity of low density lipoprotein responses to fish-oil supplementation in hypertriglyceridemic subjects. | previous studies have demonstrated a variable effect of fish oil on low density lipoprotein (ldl) cholesterol and apolipoprotein (apo) b levels, particularly in hypertriglyceridemic subjects. since heterogeneity of ldl composition and metabolism in hypertriglyceridemic subjects is well described, the present study was undertaken to determine if the response of ldl to dietary fish-oil supplementation is dependent upon pretreatment differences in ldl composition. a single-blind, cross-over design ... | 1989 | 2497720 |
| administration of structured lipid composed of mct and fish oil reduces net protein catabolism in enterally fed burned rats. | the effects of enteral feeding with safflower oil or a structured lipid (sl) derived from 60% medium-chain triglyceride (mct) and 40% fish oil (mct/fish oil) on protein and energy metabolism were compared in gastrostomy-fed burned rats (30% body surface area) by measuring oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, nitrogen balance, total liver protein, whole-body leucine kinetics, and rectus muscle and liver protein fractional synthetic rates (fsr, %/day). male sprague-dawley rats (195 +/- 5 ... | 1989 | 2500898 |
| [acute effects of a new type of lipidic emulsion in critical patients]. | a new type of 10% lipidic emulsion based on safflower oil and soya (liposyn ii, abbott, latina) characterised by a high linoleic/linolenic acid ratio was administered in random, double blind fashion with 10% intralipid to 20 subjects submitted to major surgery of the digestive system. dosage was 1.2 g/kg at an infusion rate of 2.6 ml/kg/h. in order to evidence possible in vivo inter-reactions between proteins of the acute post-aggressive phase and these emulsions, serial samples were used to mea ... | 1989 | 2506490 |
| lipid tolerance in the very low birth weight infant on intravenous and enteral feedings. | nutrition is of critical importance to very low birth weight (vlbw) survival. intravenous (iv) lipid tolerance has been studied using a soybean or safflower-based lipid emulsion. we studied lipid levels in a group of vlbw infants on both intravenous lipids (soybean-safflower emulsion) and on enteral feedings (24 cal/oz premature formula). levels were obtained on 1, 2, and 3 g/kg/day of iv lipid and after 3 and 10 days of feeding. triglyceride (tg) and free fatty acid (ffa) proved the most sensit ... | 1989 | 2515310 |
| ca2+-mg2+ atpase of mouse cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum is affected by membrane n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content. | white mice, 18-20 g, were fed purified diets containing two weight percent safflower oil plus ten weight percent menhaden, corn, or olive oil for 2 wk. menhaden oil ingestion resulted in significantly higher levels of 22:6(n-3) and 20:5(n-3), particularly 22:6(n-3), and lower levels of 20:4(n-6) and 18:2(n-6) in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (sr) phospholipids than did corn or olive oil ingestion. these changes in fatty acid composition resulted in a significant decrease in the value of the n-6 ... | 1989 | 2522149 |
| effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on phospholipid composition and calcium transport in mouse cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. | the effects of dietary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the fatty acid composition of phospholipid, ca++. mg++ atpase and ca++ transport activities of mouse sarcoplasmic reticulum were investigated. mice were fed a 2 weight percent fat diet containing either 0.5 weight percent ethyl esters of 18:3n-3, 20:5n-3 or 22:6n-3 as a source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid or 0.5 weight percent safflower oil as a source of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid for 10 days. olive oil (2 weight percent ... | 1989 | 2526915 |
| effects of gammalinolenic acid on plasma lipoproteins and apolipoproteins. | nineteen hypercholesterolemic patients (10 without and 9 with hypertriglyceridemia) were given evening primrose oil rich in gammalinolenic acid (gla, 18: 3n - 6), in a placebo controlled cross-over design, over 16 weeks (8 + 8 weeks), with safflower oil as the placebo. during supplementation with evening primrose oil, dihomogammalinolenic acid (20: 3n - 6) increased in plasma lipids and red blood cells, and in subjects without hypertriglyceridemia there was a significant decrease in low density ... | 1989 | 2540757 |
| modulation of kupffer cell membrane phospholipid function by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. | dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) have been reported to improve clinical outcome in a number of inflammatory diseases including burns and sepsis. one mechanism contributing to the anti-inflammatory effect is the incorporation of n-3 pufas into membrane phospholipids which decreases macrophage eicosanoid production. we hypothesize that an additional mechanism for their effects is an alteration of membrane signal transduction that decreases macrophage responsiveness to inflammatory s ... | 1989 | 2541281 |