Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| fluorescent labelling reveals spatial separation of potyvirus populations in mixed infected nicotiana benthamiana plants. | the distribution of potyviruses in mixed infected nicotiana benthamiana plants was investigated by using green and red fluorescent proteins (gfp, dsred). full-length cdna clones of plum pox virus (ppv-nat-agfps; ppv-nat-red), tobacco vein mottling virus (tvmv-gfp; tvmv-red) and clover yellow vein virus (clyvv-gfp) expressing fluorescent proteins, referred to here as labelled viruses, were used to characterize the distribution of different potyviral populations (e.g. tvmv-gfp/ppv-nat-red), as wel ... | 2003 | 13679622 |
| suppressor activity of potyviral and cucumoviral infections in potyvirus-induced transgene silencing. | the process known as 'recovery' by which virus-infected plants become resistant to the infection is an interesting phenomenon where both rna silencing and virus resistance fully converge. in a previous study, we showed that transgenic nicotiana benthamiana nibv3 plants, transformed with a mutated nib coding sequence from plum pox virus (ppv), showed a delayed, very specific, resistance phenotype, which was induced by the initial infection. this recovery was the consequence of the activation of a ... | 2003 | 13679623 |
| field evaluation of plant odor and pheromonal combinations for attracting plum curculios. | the attractiveness of different synthetic host odors and a synthetic aggregation pheromone (grandisoic acid [ga]) to overwintered adult plum curculios (pcs), conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst) (coleoptera: curculionidae), was examined using two types of traps (sticky panels and black pyramids) placed in border areas surrounding an unsprayed section of an apple orchard in massachusetts. in 2001, we evaluated the response of pcs to three synthetic fruit volatiles (benzaldehyde [ben], ethyl isovalerat ... | 2003 | 14969360 |
| effects of foliar sprays containing calcium, magnesium and titanium on plum (prunus domestica l.) fruit quality. | an experiment was performed in which ti(4+)-ascorbate was sprayed onto plum trees in several combinations with other commercial compounds containing ca2+ and mg2+ to study the effects on the commercial quality of fruits, with special focus on improving their resistance against postharvest handling damage. all the treatments containing titanium increased the tree performance (branch elongation, flowering and fruit setting intensities) and fruit size. at harvest fruits from the ti-treated trees sh ... | 2003 | 14717435 |
| do we need stimulation programs as a part of nursing care for patients in "persistent vegetative state"? a conceptual analysis. | the rehabilitative care of persons suffering long-lasting effects of brain injury is a significant challenge for nurses as they are the health professionals who usually spend the most time with them. historically in germany, the term "apallic syndrome" has been commonly used for what plum and posner (1980) termed the persistent vegetative state. when persons are diagnosed as being in a persistent vegetative state, that is awake but not aware, for more than six months, they seldom receive active ... | 2003 | 14733174 |
| electro-acupuncture combined with plum-blossom needle tapping for treatment of supraorbital neuritis--a clinical observation of 59 cases. | 2003 | 14535183 | |
| quantification of polyphenolics and their antioxidant capacity in fresh plums. | total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity of 11 cultivars of fresh plums were determined using spectrophotometric methods. identification and quantification of individual polyphenolics were performed using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a diode array detector. the total phenolic contents of various cultivars widely varied from 125.0 to 372.6 mg/100 g expressed as gallic acid equivalents. the level of total flavonoids in fresh plums ranged be ... | 2003 | 14558771 |
| substances which inhibit ice nucleation: a review. | there are a number of substances described in the published literature which inhibit ice nucleation. certain bacterial strains, mostly found among the nonfluorescent pseudomonade species, release material into the growth medium which reduces the nucleation temperature of water droplets to below that of distilled water. extracts from the seeds of food crops including apricot, peach and plum can reduce the nucleation temperature of water droplets and dispersions of silver iodide. antifreeze glycop ... | 2003 | 14566386 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of plum pox virus isolates from sweet (ppv-swc) and sour (ppv-soc) cherry and their taxonomic relationships within the species. | plum pox virus (ppv) sweet (swc) and sour (soc) cherry isolates were the first ppv isolates to be recovered from natural infection in sweet and sour cherry plants, respectively. their complete nucleotide sequences have been determined finding a deduced genome organisation typical for ppv species. both genomes are 9795 nucleotides long, excluding the 3' terminal poly(a) tail, and contain an open reading frame of 9432 nt, encoding a polyprotein of 3143 amino acids. the nucleotide and predicted ami ... | 2003 | 14579174 |
| contribution of individual polyphenolics to total antioxidant capacity of plums. | to study the effect of polyphenolics on antioxidant capacities of plums, the amounts of total phenolics, total flavonoids and individual phenolic compounds, and vitamin c equivalent antioxidant capacity (vceac) of eleven plum cultivars was determined. there was a good linear relationship between the amount of total phenolics and total antioxidant capacity (r2 = 0.9887). the amount of total flavonoids and total antioxidant capacity also showed a good correlation (r2 = 0.9653). although the summat ... | 2003 | 14640564 |
| screening of foods containing proanthocyanidins and their structural characterization using lc-ms/ms and thiolytic degradation. | a normal-phase hplc-ms/ms method was applied to screen for proanthocyanidins in 88 different kinds of foods. thirty-nine foods were found to contain proanthocyanidins. these foods include 19 kinds of fruits, eight cereals/beans, seven nuts, two beverages, two spices, and one vegetable. twenty-five kinds of foods were found to contain both oligomeric (dp </= 10) and polymeric proanthocyanidins (dp > 10), and the other 14 foods contained only oligomers. procyanidins with b-type linkages were detec ... | 2003 | 14640607 |
| ionizing irradiation quarantine treatment against plum curculio (coleoptera: curculionidae). | plum curculio, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst), is a quarantine pest of many temperate fruits, such as pomes, malus spp.; stone fruits, prunus spp.; and blueberries, vaccinium spp.; in north america east of the rocky mountains and a small area in utah. there are two strains, a northern univoltine one that undergoes obligate diapause as an adult and a southern multivoltine strain that usually has facultative diapause. current quarantine treatments for shipment to areas that do not have the pest i ... | 2003 | 14650511 |
| superoxide radical scavenging activity of the major polyphenols in fresh plums. | the effect of polyphenols among different varieties of plums on superoxide radical scavenging activity (srsa) was studied by an enzymatic method and their ic(50) values were determined. we found that the srsa levels of the polyphenols were closely related to their chemical structures; cyanidin showed the lowest ic(50) among the polyphenols examined, and aglycones are more effective than their glycosides. by 69-339 cultivar exhibited the lowest ic(50) among the eleven plum cultivars, which means ... | 2003 | 14690398 |
| 1-methylcyclopropene increases storability and shelf life in climacteric and nonclimacteric plums. | the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-mcp) at three different doses (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 microl l(-1)) on the ripening processes of a climacteric, cv. santa rosa, and a suppressed climacteric type, cv. golden japan, plum was studied. for both cultivars, positive effects were observed in terms of inhibition of ethylene production and delays of the physical, chemical, and biochemical changes associated with ripening. 1-mcp-treated plums were firmer with lower weight loss, reduced degrees brix/tit ... | 2003 | 14705896 |
| spatial pattern analysis of sharka disease (plum pox virus strain m) in peach orchards of southern france. | abstract the spatial pattern of sharka disease, caused by plum pox virus (ppv) strain m, was investigated in 18 peach plots located in two areas of southern france. ppv infections were monitored visually for each individual tree during one to three consecutive years. point pattern and correlation-type approaches were undertaken using the binary data directly or after parsing them in contiguous quadrats of 4, 9, and 16 trees. ordinary runs generally revealed a low but variable proportion of rows ... | 2003 | 18943618 |
| quantitative evaluation of antioxidant components in prunes (prunus domestica l.). | prunes are known to show high antioxidant activity on the basis of the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac), and their major antioxidant components are caffeoylquinic acid isomers. the aim of this study is to prove the contribution of caffeoylquinic acid isomers to the orac of prunes, and to investigate the existence of other antioxidant components. caffeoylquinic acid isomers in ethanol (etoh) extracts of prunes were quantified by hplc analysis, and the degree of contribution of these isom ... | 2003 | 12590502 |
| using the plum procedure of spss to fit unequal variance and generalized signal detection models. | the recent addition of aprocedure in spss for the analysis of ordinal regression models offers a simple means for researchers to fit the unequal variance normal signal detection model and other extended signal detection models. the present article shows how to implement the analysis and how to interpret the spss output. examples of fitting the unequal variance normal model and other generalized signal detection models are given. the approach offers a convenient means for applying signal detectio ... | 2003 | 12723779 |
| determination of antioxidant properties of aromatic herbs, olives and fresh fruit using an enzymatic sensor. | the aim was to experimentally evaluate the antioxidant capacity of different fresh aromatic herbs (field balm, marjoram, parsley, rosemary, sage, sweet basil), several varieties of olives from central italy ('carboncello', 'rosciolo', 'olivastro', 'coratello', 'leccino', 'frantoio') and several types of fresh fruit (apple, apricot, banana, cherry, fig, grape, medlar, melon, peach, pear, pineapple, plum, water melon, yellow plum) using a superoxide dismutase (sod) biosensor developed by the prese ... | 2003 | 12733012 |
| climatic factors governing plant phenological phases along a norwegian fjord. | in the present project, the time of leaf budding and flowering, and partly also of fruit ripening, was studied over 3 years in different cultivated and native plants on a gradient along a western norwegian fjord about 300 km long, from oceanic to relatively continental regions. in the plants investigated, flowering of the red currant was most strongly favoured by oceanic conditions in the outermost part of the fjord. on the other hand, flowering of the apple was earliest in the middle district, ... | 2003 | 12750970 |
| from plums to prunes: influence of drying parameters on polyphenols and antioxidant activity. | prunes, which are industrially obtained by dehydrating fresh plums at 85-90 degrees c for 18 h, contain higher levels of phenolic compounds than most other fruits. prune phenolics have shown beneficial effects on human health. reports are available in the literature on ascorbic acid, phenol composition, and antioxidant activity of fresh plums and prunes, but there is a lack of publications on the influence of drying parameters on the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. a study was carri ... | 2003 | 12769544 |
| identification of odors from overripe mango that attract vinegar flies, drosophila melanogaster. | bioassays with a variety of overripe fruits, including mango, plum, pear, and grape, and their extracts showed that odors from overripe mango were most attractive to adult vinegar flies, drosophila melanogaster. combined gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection (gc-ead) analyses of solid-phase microextraction (spme) and tenax extracts of overripe mango odors showed that several volatile compounds, including ethanol, acetic acid, amyl acetate, 2-phenylethanol, and phenylethyl acetate el ... | 2003 | 12775150 |
| 'candidatus phytoplasma phoenicium' sp. nov., a novel phytoplasma associated with an emerging lethal disease of almond trees in lebanon and iran. | almonds (prunus amygdalus) represent an important crop in most mediterranean countries. a new and devastating disease of almond trees in lebanon was recently reported, characterized by the development of severe witches'-brooms on which no flowers or fruits developed, and leading to tree death within a few years. a phytoplasma was detected in diseased trees by pcr amplification of rrna operon sequences, and rflp patterns of amplified dna indicated that the phytoplasma belonged to the pigeon pea w ... | 2003 | 12807209 |
| expression of self-complementary hairpin rna under the control of the rolc promoter confers systemic disease resistance to plum pox virus without preventing local infection. | homology-dependent selective degradation of rna, or post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs), is involved in several biological phenomena, including adaptative defense mechanisms against plant viruses. small interfering rnas mediate the selective degradation of target rna by guiding a multicomponent rnase. expression of self-complementary hairpin rnas within two complementary regions separated by an intron elicits ptgs with high efficiency. plum pox virus (ppv) is the etiological agent of shar ... | 2003 | 12823862 |
| early antibiotic selection and efficient rooting and acclimatization improve the production of transgenic plum plants (prunus domestica l.). | we describe here an improved system for routinely developing transgenic plum plants (prunus domestica l.) through the use of agrobacterium tumefaciens. the production of non-transformed "escapes" has been virtually eliminated, and rates of plant establishment in the greenhouse have been dramatically improved. the system is based on the regeneration of shoots from hypocotyls extracted from mature seed. the shoot regeneration medium is murashige and skoog (ms) salts and vitamins supplemented with ... | 2003 | 12827433 |
| effect of temperature on plum pox virus infection. | one of the key factors of progress of an epidemic is the duration of virus availability for a vector in plants, which could be influenced by temperature. using five epidemiologically different isolates of plum pox virus (ppv) we studied the effect of temperature on the virus infectivity, intensity of disease symptoms and virus accumulation in nicotiana benthamiana plants as determined by a double-antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (das-elisa). no differences in infectivity and i ... | 2003 | 12828345 |
| an apricot (prunus armeniaca l.) f2 progeny linkage map based on ssr and aflp markers, mapping plum pox virus resistance and self-incompatibility traits. | a genetic linkage map of apricot ( prunus armeniaca l.) was constructed using aflp and ssr markers. the map is based on an f(2) population (76 individuals) derived from self-pollination of an f(1) individual ('lito') originated from a cross between 'stark early orange' and 'tyrinthos'. this family, designated as 'lito' x 'lito', segregated for two important agronomical traits: plum pox virus resistance (ppv) and self-incompatibility. a total of 211 markers (180 aflps, 29 ssrs and two agronomic t ... | 2003 | 12845439 |
| odor-baited trap trees: a new approach to monitoring plum curculio (coleoptera: curculionidae). | we compared a trap approach with a trap-tree approach to determine the need and timing of insecticide applications against overwintered adult plum curculios, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst.), in commercial apple orchards in massachusetts in 2002. all traps and trap trees were baited with benzaldehyde (attractive fruit odor) plus grandisoic acid (attractive pheromone). sticky clear plexiglas panel traps placed at orchard borders, designed to intercept adults immigrating from border areas by fligh ... | 2003 | 12852623 |
| evaluation of the radioprotective effect of the leaf extract of syzygium cumini (jamun) in mice exposed to a lethal dose of gamma-irradiation. | the effects of various concentrations (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 80 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) of the leaf extracts of syzygium cumini linn. and eugenia cumini (sce, black plum, jamun, family myrtaceae) on the radiation-induced sickness and mortality in mice exposed to 10 gy gamma-irradiation were studied. the treatment of mice with different doses of sce, consecutively for five days before irradation, delayed the onset of mortality and reduced the symptoms of radiation sickness when compare ... | 2003 | 12866620 |
| photoelectrochemical solar cell using extract of eugenia jambolana lam as a natural sensitizer. | the extract of jambol o (java plum), eugenia jambolana lam, was used as a natural sensitizer of a wide band-gap semiconductor (tio2) in photoelectrochemical solar cells. the natural dye, adsorbed onto the semiconductor surface, absorbs visible light and promotes electron transfer across the dye/semiconductor interface. photogenerated current and voltage as high as 2.3 ma and 711 mv, respectively, were obtained and effective conversion of visible light into electricity was achieved. the use of a ... | 2003 | 12894301 |
| elimination of ppv and pnrsv through thermotherapy and meristem-tip culture in nectarine. | the plum pox virus (ppv) and prunus necrotic ringspot virus (pnrsv) cause serious disease problems in stone-fruit trees. in this work, the possibility of obtaining plant material free from these viruses through thermotherapy and meristem-tip culture from infected nectarine shoots (prunus persica var. nectarina max, cv. 'arm king') was studied. in addition, the detection of these viruses in in vitro cultures and young acclimatized plantlets with double antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorben ... | 2003 | 12898177 |
| factors affecting the spread of plum pox virus strain m in peach orchards subjected to roguing in france. | abstract we evaluated the impact of roguing on the spread and persistence of the aggressive plum pox virus strain m (ppv-m) in 19 peach orchard blocks in southern france. during a 7- to 10-year period, orchards were visually inspected for ppv symptoms, and symptomatic trees were removed every year. disease incidence was low in all orchards at disease discovery and was <1% in 16 of the 19 orchard blocks. the spread of sharka disease was limited in all 19 blocks, with an annual disease incidence b ... | 2004 | 18943711 |
| nutrients and antioxidant molecules in yellow plums (prunus domestica l.) from conventional and organic productions: a comparative study. | yellow plums (prunus domestica l) conventionally and organically grown in the same farm were selected to study the influence of different agronomic practices on antioxidant vitamins (ascorbic acid, vitamin e, beta-carotene) and phenolics (total polyphenols, phenolic acids, flavonols) concentration. conventional plums were grown on tilled soil. three organic cultivations were performed: tilled soil, soil covered with trifolium, and soil covered with natural meadow. differences in macronutrients w ... | 2004 | 14709018 |
| location of independent root-knot nematode resistance genes in plum and peach. | prunus species express different ranges and levels of resistance to the root-knot nematodes (rkn) meloidogyne spp. in myrobalan plum ( prunus cerasifera), the dominant ma gene confers a high-level and wide-spectrum resistance to the predominant rkn, meloidogyne arenaria, meloidogyne incognita, meloidogyne javanica and the isolate meloidogyne sp. florida which overcomes the resistance of the amygdalus sources. in japanese plum ( prunus salicina), a similar wide-spectrum dominant resistance gene, ... | 2004 | 14569426 |
| abscisic acid related compounds and lignans in prunes (prunus domestica l.) and their oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac). | four new abscisic acid related compounds (1-4), together with (+)-abscisic acid (5), (+)-beta-d-glucopyranosyl abscisate (6), (6s,9r)-roseoside (7), and two lignan glucosides ((+)-pinoresinol mono-beta-d-glucopyranoside (8) and 3-(beta-d-glucopyranosyloxymethyl)-2- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3-hydroxypropyl)-7-methoxy-(2r,3s)-dihydrobenzofuran (9)) were isolated from the antioxidative ethanol extract of prunes (prunus domestica l.). the structures of 1-4 were elucidated on the basis of nmr a ... | 2004 | 14733519 |
| carbohydrate composition of selected plum/prune preparations. | eighteen plum/prune preparations and byproducts were analyzed for proximate constituents and carbohydrate profiles. plum puree and prune juice contained the highest concentrations of ash (13.0 and 13.8%, respectively). crude protein (cp), acid-hydrolyzed fat (ahf), and total dietary fiber (tdf) concentrations were higher in byproducts (waste cake and dried plum pits) compared with the other fractions. several classes of oligosaccharides were found in low concentrations in many of the substrates ... | 2004 | 14969541 |
| antioxidant properties of prunes (prunus domestica l.) and their constituents. | prunes contain large amounts of phenolics and show high antioxidant activity. the aim of this study is to clarify the contents of caffeoylquinic acid (cqa) isomers, and to estimate the contribution of these isomers to the antioxidant activity of prunes. furthermore, structural elucidation and evaluation of antioxidant activity of prune components were also performed. cqa isomers in prunes were quantified by hplc analysis, and it has become apparent that prunes contain relatively high amount of 4 ... | 2004 | 15630217 |
| executive government positions of influence in biodefense: the bio-plum book. | 2004 | 15650442 | |
| simultaneous detection of six stone fruit viruses by non-isotopic molecular hybridization using a unique riboprobe or 'polyprobe'. | a new strategy for the simultaneous detection of plant viruses by molecular hybridization has been developed. two, four or six viral sequences were fused in tandem and transcribed to render unique riboprobes and designated as 'polyprobes'. the 'polyprobe four' (poly 4) covered the four ilarviruses affecting stone fruit trees including apple mosaic virus (apmv), prunus necrotic ringspot virus (pnrsv), prune dwarf virus (pdv), and american plum line pattern virus (aplpv) whereas the 'polyprobe two ... | 2004 | 15664050 |
| is there a scientific basis for the therapeutic effects of serenoa repens in benign prostatic hyperplasia? mechanisms of action. | the huge resurgence of interest in herbal remedies has spawned a global industry that now competes with conventional drugs as adjuncts and/or alternatives for various conditions. the medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph) is no exception. along with alpha-blockers and 5alpha-reductase inhibitors the extract of the american dwarf palm, serenoa repens, is unquestionably the most widely used. together with pygeum africanum, an extract from the bark of the african plum tree, it is l ... | 2004 | 15540722 |
| inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in vitro by fruit and berry extracts and correlations with antioxidant levels. | the effects of 10 different extracts of fruits and berries on cell proliferation of colon cancer cells ht29 and breast cancer cells mcf-7 were investigated. the fruits and berries used were rosehips, blueberries, black currant, black chokeberries, apple, sea buckthorn, plum, lingonberries, cherries, and raspberries. the extracts decreased the proliferation of both colon cancer cells ht29 and breast cancer cells mcf-7, and the effect was concentration dependent. the inhibition effect for the high ... | 2004 | 15563205 |
| stability of gene silencing-based resistance to plum pox virus in transgenic plum (prunus domestica l.) under field conditions. | plum pox virus (ppv) is one of the most devastating diseases of prunus species. since few sources of resistance to ppv have been identified, transgene-based resistance offers a complementary approach to developing ppv-resistant stone fruit cultivars. c5, a transgenic clone of prunus domestica l., containing the ppv coat protein (cp) gene, has been described as highly resistant to ppv in greenhouse tests, displaying characteristics typical of post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs). we show in ... | 2004 | 15587267 |
| a simplified rt-pcr-based detection of recombinant plum pox virus isolates. | closely related natural plum pox virus (ppv) isolates derived from homologous rna recombination between ppv-d and ppv-m have been recently identified and shown naturally spread in several european countries. as their serological properties were identical with those of conventional ppv-m isolates, they could be detected only by combined analysis of at least two different genome parts. to simplify the detection of such recombinants primers specific to ppv-m and ppv-d sequences with binding sites l ... | 2004 | 15595211 |
| analysis of shaking beam actuator for piezoelectric linear ultrasonic motor. | in this paper, piezoelectric linear ultrasonic motors (plum) have been investigated on the elliptic trajectory of a contact point in shaking beam, which has been accomplished by two resonance vibration modes of the actuators. the actuators have generated the vibration modes, longitudinal and flexural, by two longitudinal mechanical vibrations with phase difference of pi/2. modal and harmonic analysis of the shaking beam actuator were performed by the finite element method (fem) to calculate a re ... | 2004 | 15600096 |
| [osmolality of frequently consumed beverages]. | the objective of this work was to determine the osmolality of beverages frequently consumed by children and adolescents due to the scarce information available in our country. the samples were grouped as follows: milks; refreshments; beverages based on fruits, vegetables, cereals, and tubers; sport drinks; energizing drinks; oral rehydrating solutions; reconstituted drinks and infusions. a vapor pressure digital osmometer was used, five samples of each beverage from different lots were analyzed. ... | 2004 | 15602899 |
| reproductive development of northern and southern strains of plum curculio (coleoptera: curculionidae). | laboratory-reared southern and field-collected northern strains of plum curculio, conotrachelles nenuphar (herbst), were sampled to examine the relationship between degree-day (dd) accumulation and female reproductive development, as measured by mating status, oocyte size, and number of oocytes. the overall goal was to generate an objective degree-day model for predicting damage potential that could be applied to various host commodities rather than relying on separate biofix models for each cro ... | 2004 | 14998124 |
| monitoring plum curculio, conotrachelus nenuphar (coleoptera: curculionidae), populations in apple and peach orchards in the mid-atlantic. | we evaluated responses of plum curculio, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst), to four trap types in commercial and unsprayed apple and peach orchards. trap types included black pyramid and clear plexiglas panel traps deployed outside the orchard 2 m from the border row, and branch-mimicking cylinder and trunk-mounted screen traps attached to trees in the border row. bait treatments evaluated in conjunction with each trap type included the synthetic fruit volatile benzaldehyde, the aggregation pherom ... | 2004 | 14998130 |
| microbial biogeography along an estuarine salinity gradient: combined influences of bacterial growth and residence time. | shifts in bacterioplankton community composition along the salinity gradient of the parker river estuary and plum island sound, in northeastern massachusetts, were related to residence time and bacterial community doubling time in spring, summer, and fall seasons. bacterial community composition was characterized with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) of pcr-amplified 16s ribosomal dna. average community doubling time was calculated from bacterial production ([(14)c]leucine incorpor ... | 2004 | 15006771 |
| isolation and phylogenetic analysis of xylella fastidiosa from its invasive alternative host, porcelain berry. | a strain of xylella fastidiosa was isolated from an invasive alternative host species, porcelain berry. its genetic relationship with strains isolated from a native alternative host, wild grape; a nonnative alternative host, mulberry; and other economically important hosts including cultivated grape, peach, plum, oak, maple and oleander was determined by using sequence analysis of the 16s-23s rrna intergenic spacer region. our phylogenetic analysis revealed that the porcelain berry strain is mos ... | 2004 | 15018107 |
| volatile flavor constituents of fruits from southern africa: mobola plum (parinari curatellifolia). | the volatile flavor components of mobola plum (parinari curatellifolia), a native fruit of southern africa, have been isolated by a vacuum headspace concentration method. the concentrate was analyzed by hyphenated gas chromatographic techniques, including gas chromatography (gc)/mass spectrometry (ms) and gc/fourier transform infrared (ftir), together with other gc-coupled detection devices for the specific and selective detection of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds. a total of 88 compo ... | 2004 | 15080640 |
| a new bipyrrole and some phenolic constituents in prunes (prunus domestica l.) and their oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac). | isolation and structural elucidation of prune constituents were performed and total 10 compounds were determined by nmr and ms analyses. a novel compound was identified to be 2-(5-hydroxymethyl-2',5'-dioxo-2',3',4',5'-tetrahydro-1'h-1,3'-bipyrrole)carbaldehyde, and 7 phenolic compounds were isolated from prunes for the first time. in addition, antioxidant activity of them was evaluated on the basis of the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac). | 2004 | 15118329 |
| comparison of a sprayable pheromone formulation and two hand-applied pheromone dispensers foruse in the integrated control of oriental fruit moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae). | the efficacy of integrated programs using a sprayable pheromone formulation or one of two hand-applied pheromone dispensers, and a conventional oriental fruit moth, grapholita molesta (busck) (lepidoptera: tortricidae) control program, was compared using 4-5-ha blocks of peach orchard at three niagara peninsula farms during 2000-2002. in the integrated programs, chlorpyrifos and mating disruption with 3m sprayable pheromone, isomate ofm rosso, or rak 5 hand-applied dispensers were used to contro ... | 2004 | 15154471 |
| 3 using odor-baited trap trees as sentinels to monitor plum curculio (coleoptera: curculionidae) in apple orchards. | in commercial orchards in massachusetts in 2003, we conducted experiments aimed at developing guidelines for use of perimeter-row trap trees baited with grandisoic acid plus benzaldehyde as sentinels in a practical approach to determining need and timing of insecticide applications against overwintered plum curculios, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst). evaluations were based on percentages of sampled fruit injured by plum curculio. trap trees baited with grandisoic acid released at approximately 1 ... | 2004 | 15154475 |
| incidence and control of dogwood borer (lepidoptera: sesiidae) and american plum borer (lepidoptera: pyralidae) infesting burrknots on clonal apple rootstocks in new york. | surveys were conducted in the major apple growing regions of new york state to determine the incidence of borers infesting burrknots on clonal apple rootstocks. dogwood borer, synanthedon scitula (harris), was generally prevalent throughout the state, but american plum borer, euzophera semifuneralis (walker), was limited to western new york apple orchards near infested stone fruit trees. insecticides evaluated in the field for efficacy against both borers were chlorpyrifos, endosulfan, indoxacar ... | 2004 | 15154480 |
| validation of a rice specific gene, sucrose phosphate synthase, used as the endogenous reference gene for qualitative and real-time quantitative pcr detection of transgenes. | with the development of transgenic crops, many countries have issued regulations to label the genetically modified organisms (gmos) and their derived products. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methods are thought to be reliable and useful techniques for qualitative and quantitative detection of gmos. these methods generally need to amplify the transgene and compare the amplified result with that of the corresponding reference gene to obtain reliable results. in this article, we reported the devel ... | 2004 | 15161200 |
| effect of the epicuticular waxes of fruits and vegetables on the photodegradation of rotenone. | the effect of epicuticular waxes extracted from fruits (apple, nectarine, pear, and plum) and vegetables (tomato and eggplant) on the photodegradation of rotenone was studied. the waxes affected the decay rate and the degradation pathway of this botanical insecticide. tomato, nectarine, and plum waxes decreased the photodegradation rate compared to controls, whereas apple and pear waxes increased it. rotenone irradiated under sunlight without waxes gave seven photoproducts; in contrast, in the p ... | 2004 | 15161214 |
| xylella fastidiosa subspecies: x. fastidiosa subsp. [correction] fastidiosa [correction] subsp. nov., x. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex subsp. nov., and x. fastidiosa subsp. pauca subsp. nov. | xylella fastidiosa, a fastidious bacterium causing disease in over 100 plant species, is classified as a single species, although genetic studies support multiple taxons. to determine the taxonomic relatedness among strains of x. fastidiosa, we conducted dna-dna relatedness assays and sequenced the 16s-23s intergenic spacer (its) region using 26 strains from 10 hosts. under stringent conditions (tm -15 degrees c), the dna relatedness for most x. fastidiosa strains was *70%. however, at high stri ... | 2004 | 15214634 |
| specific detection and quantification of plum pox virus by real-time fluorescent reverse transcription-pcr. | plum pox virus (ppv), a destructive and economically devastating pathogen of prunus species, was recently discovered in pennsylvania and canada. current containment efforts involve eradication of infected trees based on elisa surveys, which are laborious and less sensitive than pcr-based techniques. a real-time, fluorescent, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay was developed for the detection of ppv in the smart cycler (cepheid). the methods developed are reproducible, ... | 2004 | 15234814 |
| microsatellite genetic linkage maps of myrobalan plum and an almond-peach hybrid--location of root-knot nematode resistance genes. | inheritance and linkage studies were carried out with microsatellite [or simple sequence repeat (ssr)] markers in a f(1) progeny including 101 individuals of a cross between myrobalan plum ( prunus cerasifera ehrh) clone p.2175 and the almond (prunus dulcis mill.)-peach ( prunus persica l. batsch) hybrid clone gn22 ["garfi" (g) almond x "nemared" (n) peach]. this three-way interspecific prunus progeny was produced in order to associate high root-knot nematode (rkn) resistances from myrobalan and ... | 2004 | 15241595 |
| african plum and benign prostatic hypertrophy. | 2004 | 15273076 | |
| electrochemical determination of triple helices: electrocatalytic oxidation of guanine in an intramolecular triplex. | electrocatalytic oxidation of the oligonucleotide 5'- gaa gag gtt ttt cct ctt ctt ttt ctt ctc c (ts) by ru(bpy)(3)(2+) was studied by cyclic voltammetry. this oligonucleotide forms either an intramolecular triplex, hairpin, or single strand, depending on the ph (plum, g. e.; breslauer, k. j. j. mol. biol. 1995, 248, 679-695). in the triplex form, the guanine doublet in ts is buried inside the folded structure, and as such is less susceptible to oxidation by electrogenerated ru(bpy)(3)(3+). digit ... | 2004 | 15285684 |
| geographically and temporally distant natural recombinant isolates of plum pox virus (ppv) are genetically very similar and form a unique ppv subgroup. | natural recombinant plum pox virus (ppv) isolates were detected in albania, bulgaria, czech republic, germany, hungary and slovakia. despite different geographical origins and dates of isolation, all the recombinant isolates were closely related at the molecular level and shared the same recombination breakpoint as well as a typical signature in their n-terminal coat protein sequence, suggesting a common origin. biological assays with four recombinant isolates demonstrated their capacity to be a ... | 2004 | 15302961 |
| [test for urokinase-type plasminogen activator inhibitor of edible plants in vitro]. | to study the effect of anti-progression activity of edible plants using urokinase as the biomarker. | 2004 | 15312585 |
| 'core knowledges': a dissociation between spatiotemporal knowledge and contact-mechanics in a non-human primate? | human toddlers demonstrate striking failures when searching for hidden objects that interact with other objects, yet successfully locate hidden objects that do not undergo mechanical interactions. this pattern hints at a developmental dissociation between contact-mechanical and spatiotemporal knowledge. recent studies suggest that adult non-human primates may exhibit a similar dissociation. here, i provide the first direct test of this dissociation using a search paradigm with adult rhesus monke ... | 2004 | 15320376 |
| high-resolution mapping and chromosome landing at the root-know nematode resistance locus ma from myrobalan plum using a large-insert bac dna library. | the ma gene for root-knot nematode (rkn)resistance from myrobalan plum (prunus cerasifera l.)confers a complete-spectrum and a heat-stable resistance to meloidogvne spp., conversely to mi-i from tomato,which has a more restricted spectrum and a reduced efficiency at high temperature. this gene was identified from a perennial self-incompatible near-wild rootstock species and lies in cosegregation with the scar marker scaflp2 on the prunus linkage group 7 in a 2.3 cm interval between the scar scal ... | 2004 | 15322755 |
| inhibitory effects of cystatins on proteolytic activities of the plum pox potyvirus cysteine proteinases. | in an effort to develop new antiviral strategies effective against potyviruses, several cystatins were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the cysteine proteinases of plum pox potyvirus (ppv) using in vitro proteolytic assays. the following cystatins were purified as gst fusion proteins and shown to be active against papain:oryzacystatins i and ii (oci and ocii), corn cystatin ii (ccii), human stefin a (hsa), the domain 8 of tomato multicystatin (tmc-8) and a large 24kda tomato cystatin (ltcy ... | 2004 | 15351491 |
| exposure time of oral rabies vaccine baits relative to baiting density and raccoon population density. | oral rabies vaccination (orv) baiting programs for control of raccoon (procyon lotor) rabies in the usa have been conducted or are in progress in eight states east of the mississippi river. however, data specific to the relationship between raccoon population density and the minimum density of baits necessary to significantly elevate rabies immunity are few. we used the 22-km2 us national aeronautics and space administration plum brook station (pbs) in erie county, ohio, usa, to evaluate the per ... | 2004 | 15362821 |
| properties of a virus isolated from vernonia amygdalina del. in lagos, nigeria. | a previously uncharacterized virus tentatively named vernonia green vein-banding virus (vgvbv) was isolated from vernonia amygdalina del. ("bitterleaf") from lagos, nigeria. the virus was mechanically transmissible but had a narrow host range restricted to nicotiana benthamiana, chenopodium quinoa and c. amaranticolor. it was also transmissible in a non-persistent manner by myzus persicae. the virus was purified from n. benthamiana and about 750 nm long flexuous rod-shaped particles were observe ... | 2004 | 15745049 |
| characterization of pseudomonas pathovars isolated from rosaceous fruit trees in east algeria. | a survey of bacterial diseases due to pseudomonas on rosaceous fruit trees was conducted. in forty two orchards located in the constantine region ( east algeria). pseudomonas isolates were identified on the bases of their cultural and biochemical characteristics . a total of fifty nine phytopathogenic bacteria were isolated from diseased pome and stone fruit trees. thirty one strains comparable to pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae were isolated from cherry (prunus avium l.), plum (p. domestica l ... | 2004 | 15756824 |
| phenology and infestation patterns of plum curculio (coleoptera: curculionidae) on four highbush blueberry cultivars. | the plum curculio, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst), is a well known pest in apple and peach orchards, but it also is capable of having an economic impact in highbush blueberries. host phenology and plum curculio oviposition patterns were determined on four highbush blueberry cultivars differing in fruit maturation period. numbers of oviposition scars were higher on early- ('weymouth') and mid-season ('duke' and 'bluecrop') blueberries than on late-season 'elliott' in 2001, 2002, and 2003. in 200 ... | 2004 | 15666742 |
| general-purpose infusion pumps: evaluating the hospira plum a+ with mednet. | this study updates ecri's previous evaluations of general-purpose infusion pumps, most notably those published in the october 2002 and october 2003 health devices. it features the results of our findings for the new dose error reduction system now included with the hospira (formerly abbott) plum a+ with mednet, and it includes updated information for the previously evaluated models that also include this safety feature. general-purpose infusion pumps allow the controlled delivery of liquid medic ... | 2004 | 15675737 |
| [inhaled foreign bodies in 50 patients in south vietnam, mainly caused by naseberry (sapodilla)]. | inhalation of foreign bodies is relatively frequent in children, but exceptional in adults. various kinds of foreign bodies can be inhaled, the type generally depends on eating habits in adults. we reviewed a series of 50 consecutive cases of inhaled foreign bodies and found that naseberry fruits (sapodilla plum) was the primary cause, followed by bone debris. this series is typical of eastern asia, particularly south vietnam. most of the foreign bodies were extracted under local anesthesia usin ... | 2004 | 15699907 |
| expression of a modified nucleocapsid-protein of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) confers resistance against tswv and groundnut ringspot virus (grsv) by blocking systemic spread. | summary tobacco transformed with a construct comprising the nucleocapsid-protein (n) gene of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) and the 5' non-translated leader sequence of plum pox virus (ppv) as a translation enhancer displays unusually broad resistance against tospoviruses. contrary to expectations, the transgenic plants did not express a higher level of tswv n protein than control plants harbouring the n gene without the ppv enhancer. instead, expression of an n-terminally elongated n protein, ... | 2004 | 20565598 |
| plum pox in north america: identification of aphid vectors and a potential role for fruit in virus spread. | abstract thirteen aphid species were tested for their ability to transmit pennsylvania isolates of plum pox virus (ppv) collected in columbia (penn-3), franklin (penn-4), and york (penn-7) counties, pa. four species, aphis fabae, a. spiraecola, brachycaudus persicae, and myzus persicae, consistently transmitted ppv in preliminary transmission tests. two species, metopolophium dirhodum and rhopalosiphum padi, were occasional inefficient vectors. toxoptera citricida, from florida, also was an effe ... | 2004 | 18943108 |
| addressing the "hardest puzzle in american pomology:" phylogeny of prunus sect. prunocerasus (rosaceae) based on seven noncoding chloroplast dna regions. | prunus subg. prunus sect. prunocerasus (rosaceae) is a north american taxon with 17 commonly recognized taxa. to test the hypothesis of monophyly for the section we sequenced the trng and rpl16 introns and the trnh-psba and trns-trng intergenic spacers for at least two representatives of each of the five subgenera in prunus. additionally we sampled heavily among prunus subg. prunus sections prunus and armeniaca and prunus subg. amygdalus because these groups are putatively most closely related t ... | 2004 | 21653454 |
| chloroplast dna phylogeny and phylogeography of the north american plums (prunus subgenus prunus section prunocerasus, rosaceae). | the north american plums are a closely related group that are not easily circumscribed, have overlapping morphologies, and are known to hybridize. we previously showed that the north american plums are a closely related, monophyletic group of taxa with little to no cpdna sequence divergence between taxa. in that study, we came to the unanticipated conclusion that relationships inferred among the taxa contrast sharply with previously defined groups based on morphological characters. here the aim ... | 2005 | 21646120 |
| quality characteristics of irradiated turkey breast rolls formulated with plum extract. | the effects of adding 1%, 2% and 3% plum extract on the quality characteristics of vacuum-packaged, irradiated ready-to-eat turkey breast rolls were determined. turkey breast rolls were sliced, packaged and irradiated at 0 or 3 kgy using a linear accelerator. lipid oxidation, volatile profiles, color, texture, proximate analysis and sensory characteristics of sliced turkey breast rolls were determined at 0 and 7 days of storage. addition of plum extract had no detectable effect on the proximate ... | 2005 | 22064229 |
| comparative effects of food-derived polyphenols on the viability and apoptosis of a human hepatoma cell line (hepg2). | consumption of fruits and vegetables, which are rich in polyphenols, has been associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases such as cancer. dietary polyphenols have antioxidant and antiproliferative properties that might explain their beneficial effect on cancer prevention. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different pure polyphenols [quercetin, chlorogenic acid, and (-)-epicatechin] and natural fruit extracts (strawberry and plum) on viability or apoptosis of human he ... | 2005 | 15713052 |
| partial sequence analysis of an atypical turkish isolate provides further information on the evolutionary history of plum pox virus (ppv). | a variety of techniques, such as typing with subgroup-specific monoclonal antibodies, restriction length polymorphism (rflp) analysis or subgroup-specific rt-pcr are available for the discrimination of plum pox virus (ppv) isolates. however, the existence of ppv isolates showing abnormal typing properties has been observed in the past [candresse, t., cambra, m., dallot, s., lanneau, m., asensio, m., gorris, m.t., revers, f., macquaire, g., olmos, a., boscia, d., quiot j.b., dunez, j., 1998. comp ... | 2005 | 15681071 |
| accumulation of the long class of sirna is associated with resistance to plum pox virus in a transgenic woody perennial plum tree. | we investigated the hallmarks of posttranscription gene silencing (ptgs) in mature plants, embryos, and seedlings of the transgenic plum trees (prunus sp.) that are resistant to plum pox virus (ppv). we previously demonstrated that the transgene insert and resistance to ppv were mutually inherited in progeny of line c5. we show here that c5 constitutively produces a short (22 nt) and a long (25 to 26 nt) species of short interfering (si)rna from embryo to mature plant in the absence of ppv inocu ... | 2005 | 16134891 |
| ulcerative colitis treated by acupuncture at jiaji points (ex-b2) and tapping with plum-blossom needle at sanjiaoshu (bl22) and dachangshu (bl 25)--a report of 43 cases. | 2005 | 16136930 | |
| one hundred and eighty-nine cases of acute articular soft tissue injury treated by blood-letting puncture with plum-blossom needle and cupping. | 2005 | 16136937 | |
| [ecological effects of intercrops in comprehensive management patterns of hilly area plum orchard]. | the study on the ecological effects of intercrops in four cropping patterns showed that with the increase of multiple cropping, the annual increase of soil organic matter, total n, total p and total k was 5% - 20%, 7% - 40%, 8% - 70% and 15% - 80%, respectively. potato-soybean had the best benefit in soil and water conservation, followed by cole-peanut, potato-watermelon, and wheat. compared with control, the average soil erosion module and runoff amount of 4 patterns were decreased by 44.19%, 3 ... | 2005 | 16180746 |
| role of host feeding niches and host refuges in habitat-related behaviour of hyssopus pallidus (hymenoptera: eulophidae), a larval parasitoid of the codling moth. | parasitoid fitness depends largely on the capability to locate a host in an ecosystem. a parasitoid of a polyphagous host might not be able to find or to access the host in all its feeding niches. this study evaluated the niche selection of hyssopus pallidus (askew), a larval parasitoid of cydia pomonella (linnaeus), at the plant level with the goal of assessing its potential for biological control on different fruit crops throughout the plant cycle. parasitoid behaviour during host location and ... | 2005 | 16197563 |
| effect of the stone content on the quality of plum and cherry spirits produced from mash fermentations with commercial and laboratory yeast strains. | to evaluate the influence of stone content on spirit quality from stone fruit, cherry and plum mashes were prepared and fermented with a commercial and a diploid laboratory yeast strain. fermentation parameters such as sugar content and ethanol production were followed. despite an initial lag phase in cherry spirits, both yeast strains performed similarly, as substantiated by the determination of specific flavor compounds, ethyl carbamate, and methanol in the mashes and after distillation. the s ... | 2005 | 16218669 |
| u.s. plans to modernize plum island facility. | 2005 | 16220662 | |
| yellow pigments used in rapid identification of aflatoxin-producing aspergillus strains are anthraquinones associated with the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway. | studies on biological control of aflatoxin production in crops by pre-infection with non-toxigenic aspergillus flavus strains have created a need for improved methods to screen isolates for aflatoxigenicity. we have evaluated two empirical aflatoxigenicity tests: (i) yellow pigment production, and (ii) the appearance of a plum-red color in colonies exposed to ammonium hydroxide vapor. yellow pigments from aflatoxigenic a. flavus were shown to function as ph indicator dyes. seven pigments represe ... | 2005 | 16260026 |
| dried plum reverses bone loss in an osteopenic rat model of osteoporosis. | we previously reported the efficacy of dried plum (prunus domestica l.) in preventing ovariectomy-induced bone loss in a rat model of osteoporosis and improving bone biomarkers in postmenopausal women. the present study evaluated whether dried plum was able to restore bone mass in osteopenic ovariectomized rats. | 2005 | 16278620 |
| [relationship between pollen allergy and oral allergy syndrome]. | we recently evaluated the relationship between pollen allergy and oral and pharyngeal hypersensitivity to fruits and vegetables (oral allergy syndrome) over 8 years (1995 approximately 2002) in sapporo. 1. of 843 patients with birch pollen (bp) allergy (cap score 2 or more), 378 patients (37%) had episodes of oral allergy syndrome (oas), and the rate in bp allergy was higher than in other allergies. 2. in patients with bp allergy, the most frequent foods causing oas were apple, peach and cherry, ... | 2005 | 16285612 |
| anti-hyperglycemic effects of plum in a rat model of obesity and type 2 diabetes, wistar fatty rat. | dried plums, considered a healthy food in the west and used as medicine in india, contain phenolic compounds with protective actions against age-related diseases. effects of oral plum ekisu (concentrated juice) on lipid and glucose tolerance were assessed in insulin-resistant obese wistar fatty rats. plum ingestion decreased blood glucose (p < 0.05) and plasma triglyceride concentrations (p < 0.01) compared with controls. plum treatment for 2 weeks reduced areas under the curve (aucs) for glucos ... | 2005 | 16295695 |
| [comparison of therapeutic effects of acupuncture and moxibustion on diabetic peripheral neuropathies]. | to observe and compare therapeutic effects of acupuncture, acupoint injection and tapping with plum-blossom needle and its influences on the nerve conduction velocity in the patient of diabetic peripheral neuropathies. | 2005 | 16309050 |
| [treatment of 58 cases of vitiligo by electro-plum-blossom needle therapy combined with catgut implantation at acupoints under tdp radiation]. | to search for a method for increasing therapeutic effect on vitiligo. | 2005 | 16312885 |
| hairpin rna-mediated silencing of plum pox virus p1 and hc-pro genes for efficient and predictable resistance to the virus. | we report the application of the hairpin-mediated rna silencing technology for obtaining resistance to plum pox virus (ppv) infection in nicotiana benthamiana plants. four sequences, covering the p1 and silencing suppressor hc-pro genes of an italian ppv m isolate, were introduced into n. benthamiana plants as two inverted repeats separated by an intron sequence under the transcriptional control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter. in a leaf disk infection assay, 38 out of 40 t0 transge ... | 2005 | 16315100 |
| aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) species composition and potential aphid vectors of plum pox virus in pennsylvania peach orchards. | plum pox, an invasive disease recently identified in pennsylvania stone fruit orchards, is caused by the aphid-transmitted plum pox virus (genus potyvirus, family potyviridae, ppv). to identify potential vectors, we described the aphid species communities and the seasonal dynamics of the dominant aphid species within pennsylvania peach orchards. aphids were trapped weekly in 2002 and 2003 from mid-april through mid-november within two central pennsylvania orchards by using yellow and green water ... | 2005 | 16334309 |
| [clinical observation on plum-blossom needle therapy combined with cupping for treatment of acute facial paralysis]. | to observe clinical therapeutic effect of plum-blossom needle therapy combined with cupping at the affected side on acute facial paralysis. | 2005 | 16335199 |
| spermatophore deposition throughout the day by the plum rust mite, aculus fockeui. | 2005 | 15777004 | |
| genomic variability of prune dwarf virus as affected by agricultural practice. | twelve new sequences of the coat protein gene of prune dwarf virus (pdv) variants, obtained from almond trees, are presented. comparison with previously reported sequences of the same region, obtained from other hosts (plum, cherry and peach) revealed not only the existence of a wider range of variants of pdv than formerly predicted, but also the frequent presence of a mixture of variants in each sample. in spite of the heterogeneity found in almond, the amino acid composition of the domain at t ... | 2005 | 15789267 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of plum pox virus isolate w3174: evidence of a new strain. | the nucleotide sequence of plum pox virus (ppv) isolate w3174 was determined. the virus genome consists of 9788 nucleotides (nt), excluding the poly(a) tail at the 3'-terminus, with 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions (utrs) of 146 and 219 nt, respectively. the deduced polyprotein consists of 3141 amino acid (aa) residues, with the coat protein region consisting of 993 nt (331 aa). in comparisons with ppv-d, -m, -ea and -c isolates, nucleotide identity levels ranged from 79 to 80% for the entire gen ... | 2005 | 15845265 |
| [characteristics, dynamics and niche of insect community in plum orchard]. | the insect community in plum orchard was investigated on organization level and temporal-spatial niche. the results showed that the insect community was abundant, which included 6 orders, 23 families. the individuals of species, diversity indices, and evenness increased with time. myzus persicae and asiaarposina sasokii had the widest spatial niche breadth, while didesmococcus koreauus borchs had the widest temporal niche breadth. among the natural enemies, chilocorus rubidus had the widest both ... | 2005 | 15852928 |
| comparison of the antioxidant activities of nine different fruits in human plasma. | oxidative stress in humans is associated with damage to dna, proteins, and biological membranes. oxidative stress, which often arises as a result of an imbalance in the human antioxidant status, has been implicated in aging and a number of human diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. this study was performed to test the hypothesis that the consumption of fruit juices may improve antioxidant status in human plasma. ten healthy men 25-26 years old were recruited for th ... | 2005 | 15857208 |
| novel reference gene, high-mobility-group protein i/y, used in qualitative and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction detection of transgenic rapeseed cultivars. | with the development of transgenic crops, regulations to label the genetically modified organisms (gmos) and their derived products have been issued in many countries. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methods are thought to be reliable and useful techniques for qualitative and quantitative detection of gmos. these methods are generally needed to amplify the transgene and compare the amplified results with that of a corresponding reference gene to get the reliable results. specific primers were de ... | 2005 | 15859086 |