Publications

the treatment of gardnerella vaginalis infection in general practice.		1986	3485279
etiology of cervical inflammation.	we studied the relationships of selected microbial, clinical, demographic, and behavioral variables to mucopurulent cervicitis in two clinical settings, a sexually transmitted disease clinic and a student health clinic. from each clinic, we studied a group of women referred for suspected mucopurulent cervicitis and a representative sample of other women attending the clinic. after the women were stratified by patient group and summary odds ratios for all groups were obtained, mucopurulent cervic ...	1986	3485379
tioconazole 2% cream in the treatment of trichomonas vaginalis or mixed vaginal infections.	twenty patients with documented t. vaginalis infections, six of whom were simultaneously infected with c. albicans and one with g. vaginalis, were treated topically (intravaginally) once daily with 5 g of 2% tioconazole vaginal cream (trosyd, pfizer) for 3 consecutive days in an open, non-comparative study. at the first follow-up visit (about 7 days post-treatment), 95% (19/20) of the patients were cured; 95% (18/19) of patients remained cured with respect to the baseline infection at the long-t ...	1986	3485546
gardnerella vaginalis and mosaic colposcopic pattern of the cervix: casual or causal association?	we made a retrospective study of the flora found in the vaginal smears of sexually active women who presented with a mosaic colposcopic pattern of the uterine cervix in an attempt to study some of its epidemiologic factors. of the 195 cervicovaginal cytologies of patients with mosaic, 61 revealed an abnormal flora (31.2%) while of the 9,856 patients without mosaic, only 2,234 cytologies had an abnormal flora (22.7%) demonstrating a statistically significant higher frequency (p less than 0.0001) ...	1986	3485553
gardnerella vaginitis--a guide to identification and management for the practitioner.		1986	3485708
diagnosis of gardnerella vaginalis infection by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.		1986	3486120
episiotomy wound infection due to gardnerella vaginalis.		1986	3487451
amoxycillin, augmentin and metronidazole in bacterial vaginosis associated with gardnerella vaginalis.		1986	3487499
gardnerella vaginalis carriage in male patients.	urethral discharge from 579 consecutive men with non-gonococcal urethritis (ngu) was examined for gardnerella vaginalis. the organism was isolated from nine patients (1.5%). of these, one patient had a probable ngu due to g. vaginalis which is an extremely rare occurrence. the remaining eight patients were carriers of g. vaginalis. the prevalence rate of g. vaginalis in 150 randomly selected men without urethritis was five percent.	1986	3488607
[symptomatic and asymptomatic vaginitis. microbiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects].		1986	3488870
frequency and epidemiologic associations of different types of vaginitis in symptomatic women in greece.		1986	3489617
incidence of gardnerella vaginalis in non-specific vaginitis.		1986	3489675
activity of pefloxacin and thirteen other antimicrobial agents in vitro against isolates from hospital and genitourinary infections.	the in-vitro activity of the quinolone derivative pefloxacin was compared with that of three other quinolones, five beta-lactam antibiotics and three aminoglycosides against 367 isolates from hospital patients and from out-patients with genitourinary infections. mic90 of pefloxacin and norfloxacin for each strain was the same; that of ciprofloxacin was a little lower. all strains except escherichia coli were resistant to nalidixic acid. pefloxacin was highly active against staphylococcus aureus ...	1986	3460983
the in-vitro activity of ci-934 compared with that of other new 4-quinolones and nalidixic acid.	the in-vitro activity of ci-934, a new 4-quinolone compound, was compared with that of the other new 4-quinolones, enoxacin and ciprofloxacin, and also with that of nalidixic acid. ci-934 was more active than any of the other 4-quinolones tested against gram-positive aerobic organisms including staphylococcus aureus (mics 0.06-0.25 mg/l), beta-haemolytic streptococci (mics 0.12-0.5 mg/l), streptococcus pneumoniae (mics 0.25-0.5 ml/l), viridans streptococci (mics 0.06-0.5 mg/l) and most enterococ ...	1986	3463557
the comparative in-vitro activity of eight newer quinolones and nalidixic acid.	the in-vitro antibacterial activity of nalidixic acid and the 4-quinolones, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, enoxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, a-56619, a-56620 and ci-934 was assessed by determination of mics. the 4-quinolones were all highly active against most isolates of enterobacteriaceae, including nalidixic acid-resistant strains. ciprofloxacin (mics 0.002-2 mg/l) was the most active and a-56619 (mics 0.008-32 mg/l) was the least active. a-56619, a-56620, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and ci-934 were ...	1986	3468100
gardnerella vaginalis-associated balanoposthitis.	the clinical features, microbiologic investigation, and response to therapy of three patients with gardnerella vaginalis-associated balanoposthitis were studied. each man presented with a similar syndrome of diffuse erythema and pruritus of the glans meatus and coronal sulcus, irritation of the prepuce, and minimal urethral discharge. a characteristic fishy odor was present in the urethral discharge of all three patients. g. vaginalis was isolated from the glans of all three, and clue cells were ...	1986	3490001
detection of a species-specific antigen of gardnerella vaginalis by western blot analysis.	western blot analysis was used to identify antigenic components of gardnerella vaginalis. polypeptides bound to nitrocellulose membranes were probed with murine antisera raised to two strains of g. vaginalis, and antibody-antigen complexes were detected with 125i-labelled antimouse immunoglobulin followed by autoradiography. although there was inter-strain variation in immunogenic polypeptide profiles, all 23 strains of g. vaginalis examined contained a common antigen of molecular mass 41 kda. t ...	1986	3491873
bacteriuria due to ureaplasmas and other fastidious organisms during pregnancy: prevalence and significance.	when urine, which has been collected by suprapubic bladder aspiration, is appropriately cultured, asymptomatic bacteriuria due to fastidious organisms can be detected quite commonly in apparently healthy pregnant women; ureaplasma urealyticum and gardnerella vaginalis can each be isolated from the bladder urine of 10 to 15% of subjects, other bacteria less frequently. both organisms are often present together, sometimes in addition to "conventional" urinary pathogens. overall bacteriuria occurs ...	1986	3491981
gardnerella vaginalis associated vaginitis: a review.		1986	3544396
polymicrobial early postpartum endometritis with facultative and anaerobic bacteria, genital mycoplasmas, and chlamydia trachomatis: treatment with piperacillin or cefoxitin.	a protected, triple-lumen transcervical culture method was used to recover organisms from the endometrium. at least one facultative or one anaerobic species of bacteria was recovered from 82% of the patients, and genital mycoplasmas were recovered from 76% of the women with endometritis. bacteria together with genital mycoplasmas were present in 61% of the women, bacteria alone were present in 20%, genital mycoplasmas alone were present in 16%, and chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from 2% of t ...	1986	3701114
endometrial cultures obtained by a triple-lumen method from afebrile and febrile postpartum women.	transfundal endometrial cultures obtained from afebrile women who delivered vaginally were uniformly free of bacteria and contained ureaplasma urealyticum in only 2 of 14 women. a protected triple-lumen transcervical method to obtain an endometrial culture recovered organisms from 6 (43%) of the 14 women. compared with cultures from afebrile women, organisms were recovered from 51 (93%) of 55 febrile postpartum women by using the triple-lumen transcervical culture method (p less than .001). amon ...	1986	3701115
quantitative studies of vaginal bacteria.	a quantitative method of culture, based on a weighed sample and with results expressed as colony forming units (cfu)/g was assessed and used to investigate the vaginal flora of normal women and that of women with vaginal disease. samples were collected by means of disposable plastic loops into modified proteose peptone water transport medium in preweighed bottles. counts expressed as cfu/g of secretion were consistent, whereas counts expressed as cfu/ml were inconsistent. results obtained with s ...	1986	3733086
a retrospective study of doxycycline in the treatment of genitourinary infections.	a retrospective study was conducted to assess the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma ureolyticum, and mycoplasma sp in patients with suspected genital infection, and to assess the efficacy of doxycycline and other current antibiotic therapies. over a three-year period, 1,048 records of patients (64% female; 36% male) were reviewed. c trachomatis, u ureolyticum, or mycoplasma hominis was found in 39% of the men and 49% of the women. other pathogens included gardnerella vaginalis (in ...	1986	3829089
resistance of gardnerella vaginalis to bactericidal activity of human serum.	to assess the sensitivity of gardnerella vaginalis to the complement mediated bactericidal activity of serum, six laboratory strains were incubated with normal human serum and two strains freshly isolated from women with non-specific vaginitis (nsv) were each incubated with homologous patient serum. there was no significant difference between the number of organisms recovered from unheated or heat inactivated serum after incubation at 37 degrees c for one hour with any of the strains tested. a s ...	1986	3493201
vaginal lactobacilli inhibiting growth of gardnerella vaginalis, mobiluncus and other bacterial species cultured from vaginal content of women with bacterial vaginosis.	on a solid agar medium the growth-inhibitory effect of 9 lactobacillus strains cultured from vaginal content was tested on bacteria cultured from vaginal content of women with bacterial vaginosis: mobiluncus, gardnerella vaginalis, bacteroides and anaerobic cocci. inhibition zones were observed in the growth of all of the strains isolated from women with bacterial vaginosis around all lactobacilli. the inhibitory effect of the lactobacilli was further tested on various anaerobic and facultativel ...	1986	3494379
sexually transmitted vaginitis.		1986	3496640
vaginitis: current microbiologic and clinical concepts.	infectious vaginitis occurs when the normal vaginal flora is disrupted; it may arise when saprophytes overwhelm the host immune response, when pathogenic organisms are introduced into the vagina or when changes in substrate allow an imbalance of microorganisms to develop. examples of these types of vaginitis include the presence of chronic fungal infection in women with an inadequate cellular immune response to the yeast, the introduction of trichomonads into vaginal epithelium that has a suffic ...	1986	3510698
[specific vaginal fluor caused by a recently identified bacterium].		1986	3515204
two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography for the specific detection of hippurate hydrolysis by microorganisms.	glycine, one of the end products of hippurate hydrolysis by microorganisms, was detected by a rapid, specific technique utilizing two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. a loopful of growth of each organism from its suitable agar medium was washed, suspended, and incubated with 0.1% sodium hippurate for 30 min at 37 degrees c. the supernatant of the incubated suspension from each organism was then dansylated, and the dansyl derivatives were separated by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatograp ...	1986	3517036
vulvar disorders in the prepubertal female.	inspection of the vulva should be a routine part of well child care. detection of poor perineal hygiene permits the establishment of good hygiene practices, which may prevent development of vulvovaginitis. condylomata acuminata, molluscum contagiosum, herpetic vulvitis, and vulvovaginitis secondary to neisseria gonorrhoeae, gardnerella vaginalis, chlamydia trachomatis, and trichomonas vaginalis arouse suspicion of child sexual abuse, which must be addressed. atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, lichen ...	1986	3529014
significance of gardnerella vaginalis in urine cultures.	during a 15-month period, 12,343 consecutive routine urine cultures from female patients were screened for the presence of gardnerella vaginalis. of the positive urine cultures, escherichia coli was found in 1,256 (57%) and presumptive g. vaginalis in 163 (5%). of the 163 presumptive g. vaginalis isolates, 115 were present in quantitative categories sufficient to suggest the diagnosis of probable urinary tract infection. of these 115 isolates, 92 were available for specific identification, of wh ...	1986	3529926
[amine colpitis].	significance of koh test and isonitril (isocyanide) reaction tested in 104 patients was compared with our microbial culture results. in gardnerella vaginalis as well as in no spores forming anaerobic germs the koh test was not and the isonitril reaction was only insignificant reliable. both tests are not able to substitute the procedures of culturing germs including those of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum.	1986	3532626
in vitro comparative study of ru 28965 against organisms from oral and vaginal flora.	the authors studied the activity of ru 28965, a new macrolide antibiotic, in comparison whith erytromycin, josamycin, miocamycin, ampicillin and rifampicin against oral streptococci (45 strains), coryneform bacteria (23 strains) and g. vaginalis (15 strains). minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic), minimum bactericidal concentrations (mbc) and the effect of inoculum size on mics were determined. ru 28965 showed better activity than the other macrolides. the mics of ru 28965 were eightfold highe ...	1986	3500081
gardnerella vaginalis in urinary tract infections of renal allograft patients.		1986	3516684
cephalhematoma complicated by osteomyelitis presumed due to gardnerella vaginalis.		1986	3489841
metronidazole-containing vaginal sponges for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis.	currently, there is no fda approved treatment for bacterial vaginosis (bv), although various oral dosages of metronidazole are used to treat this condition. a vaginal therapeutic sponge (vli corporation) that releases metronidazole over a 24 h use period has been developed for the treatment of bv. each sponge contains 250 mg of metronidazole. the safety and effectiveness of using one or three metronidazole-containing vaginal sponges for the treatment of bv was evaluated in 40 patients. use of a ...	1986	3551523
diagnosis of intrauterine infection by demonstration of antibody-coated bacteria in the amniotic fluid.	immunofluorescence examination of amniotic fluid for the occurrence of antibody-coated bacteria was carried out in 72 consecutive women with premature rupture of the fetal membranes to assess this method in the diagnosis of intrauterine infection. antibody-coated bacteria were demonstrated in 11 women with clinical signs of intrauterine infection, histological amnionitis and heavy growth of one bacterial species. the presence of intrauterine infection was considered possible in another 14 women. ...	1986	3516201
treatment of bacterial vaginosis with an acid cream: a comparison between the effect of lactate-gel and metronidazole.	bacteriological isolation of anaerobes, gardnerella and lactobacilli was carried out in a group of 62 women with the diagnosis bacterial vaginosis and 42 control women. lactobacilli were the predominant organisms in the control group whereas anaerobes dominated the flora in bacterial vaginosis patients. lactate-gel (ph 3.5, 5 ml) inserted into the vagina daily for 7 days is as effective as oral metronidazole, 500 mg twice daily for 7 days. the women in both groups became symptom-free and objecti ...	1986	3485071
the identification of gardnerella vaginalis.	in an attempt to develop a rapid identification system for gardnerella vaginalis that could be used in a clinical microbiologic laboratory, we examined 102 samples of vaginal discharge from women with symptoms of vaginitis. gardnerella vaginalis was obtained from 77 of 102 cases. we found a combination of six tests of particular value for distinguishing g. vaginalis from other catalase-negative coryneforms isolated from vagina.	1986	3555540
comparison of oral and vaginal metronidazole therapy for nonspecific bacterial vaginosis.	a prospective, randomized, nonblind study was performed to compare the efficacy of a 7-day vaginal regimen with 500 mg metronidazole (flagyl) once a day and that of oral treatment with 400 mg metronidazole twice daily for 7 days in the treatment of nonspecific bacterial vaginosis. no treatment was given to the sexual partners and there was no restriction of sexual intercourse. 38 women completed the study and at follow-up after 4 weeks, women receiving vaginal therapy had a cure rate of 79% comp ...	1986	3710287
bacterial vaginosis treated with metronidazole. effects on the vaginal microbiology by a single dose versus a five days regimen.	the microbiological vaginal flora was studied in 42 women with clinical findings consistent with the concept bacterial vaginosis (bv). the women and their consorts were treated with metronidazole (flagyl), either a single dose of 2,000 mg or 400 mg three times daily for five days. effect of treatment was assessed four weeks after its initiation. clinical cure was attained in more than 80% of the cases and was the same irrespective of treatment. the microbiologic flora changed by treatment in dir ...	1986	3765938
tetracycline resistance and tetm in pathogenic urogenital bacteria.	clinical isolates of gardnerella vaginalis, streptococcus agalactiae, bacteroides spp., and mobiluncus spp. were screened for resistance to tetracycline and for the presence of the streptococcal tetm determinant. the s. agalactiae and g. vaginalis strains contained dna sequences homologous to the tetm determinant, while strains of the other two genera did not.	1986	3800360
vaginal carriage of anaerobic motile curved rods: relation to contraceptive practice, common pathogens, signs and symptoms.	the carriers of a species of anaerobic motile curved rods, often seen in cases of bacterial vaginosis, were compared with matched controls with respect to type of contraception, current symptoms and signs, and diagnosis of sexually transmitted disease (std). 65 carriers and 72 controls were ascertained from a std clinic. the anaerobes were demonstrated by phase contrast microscopy in a wet vaginal smear in 17.8% of 366 consecutive admissions. these organisms are difficult to culture, but are ...	1986	12281325
[a comparative study of the incidence of gardnerella vaginalis in users of iud and oral contraceptives].	leukorrhea constitutes one of the most frequent complaints by women visiting out-patient gynecological clinics. the most common etiological agents are gardnerella vaginalis, trichomonas vaginalis, neisseria gonorrhoea and candida albicans. some authors have been able to verify an increased presence of certain pathogenic germs in the vaginal flora for users of contraceptive methods, e.g., for users of iud, kivijarvi et al. demonstrated a significantly increased presence of gardnerella vaginalis ...	1987	12282423
the role of benzydamine in the topical treatment of the so-called non-specific vaginitis.	the authors report the preliminary results of their investigation of the efficacy of benzydamine in the treatment of the so-called non-specific vaginitis. an initial in vitro study to test its bacteriostatic and/or bactericidal activity on gardnerella vaginalis showed that the drug has high activity even at the lowest concentrations, and completely inhibits this micro-organism at 1000 micrograms/ml which is the usual concentration employed in therapy. the first pilot study performed in vivo on 1 ...	1987	3497131
non-specific vaginitis or vaginitis of undetermined aetiology.	vaginitis is a complex syndrome that is probably the most common outpatient disease seen by the gynaecologist. the specific aetiologies of vaginitis are many. one of the most common entities, however, is "non-specific vaginitis" which can be subdivided into: gardnerella vaginitis, anaerobic vaginosis, and vaginitis of undetermined aetiology. the role of gardnerella as a causative agent for vaginitis has been studied in depth but its specific role remains controversial. anaerobic vaginosis can be ...	1987	3497132
pili on gardnerella vaginalis studied by electronmicroscopy.	fourteen recently isolated strains and two laboratory strains of gardnerella vaginalis were examined by electronmicroscopy for the presence of pili. all strains isolated recently from both men and women were heavily pilated. in contrast only a few pili were seen on organisms of the two laboratory strains, with many of the organisms having no pili. the importance of multiple subculture in this loss was supported by the observation that the degree of pilation of one freshly isolated strain decreas ...	1987	2884322
detection of gardnerella vaginalis in vaginal specimens by direct immunofluorescence.	the preparation of a fluorescein-labeled gardnerella vaginalis polyclonal antibody is described, and its usefulness is assessed for the detection of this microorganism in vaginal samples obtained from 263 women attending the gynecological department of a general hospital, 66 of whom harbored an intrauterine device. the direct immunofluorescence technique was positive for g. vaginalis in 21% of the specimens, whereas only 12.5% of the total bacteriological cultures were positive. the frequency wa ...	1987	3312289
antimicrobial effects of niridazole on gardnerella vaginalis.	niridazole, a nitrothiazole derivative, demonstrated powerful antimicrobial activity against 510 clinical isolates of gardnerella vaginalis tested. mic's ranged from 0.002 to 1.0 mg/l with mic50 and mic90 values of 0.02 and 0.067 mg/l respectively.	1987	3496279
identifying vaginitis in general practice.	clinicians conducted a study of 154 women who presented themselves at a health center of the university of wales college of medicine with symptoms of vaginitis. a nurse examined the vagina with a speculum to note the appearance of the cervix, the color and amount of discharge, and the presence of odor and inquired about soreness during the examination. the nurse took 3 endocervical swabs and 2 high vaginal swabs. upon microscopic examination, any vaginal discharge with epithelial cells stippl ...	1987	3498151
clinical prediction of gardnerella vaginalis in general practice.	in a study of 162 women with vaginal symptoms the clinical features of increased discharge, yellow discharge, 'high cheese' odour and ph greater than 5 were statistically strongly associated with the presence of gardnerella vaginalis, confirmed by microbiological culture. the sensitivities and specificities of these clinical tests, although not as high as those of previously described sideroom tests using the amine test and microscopy for 'clue cells' nevertheless allow the clinician to predict ...	1987	3499508
non-specific (anaerobic) vaginitis: relevance of clinical and laboratory studies in a practice population.	non-specific vaginitis is a commonly diagnosed condition defined in a similar manner by most authors. although assumed to be of infective aetiology, no single organism has yet been accepted as the primary agent. this syndrome was studied in two groups of women presenting to general practitioners or attending a family planning clinic. the two groups were of similar ages and had similar markers of sexual activity. of the 173 women studied, 90 had symptoms. of the symptomatic women 9.5% could be ca ...	1987	3499507
isolation of gardnerella vaginalis in pure culture from the uterine cavity of patients with irregular bleedings.	hysterectomy was performed in three patients because of persistent irregular vaginal bleeding. before the operation samples were taken from the cervical os for cultivation of gardnerella vaginalis, yeasts, viruses, chlamydia trachomatis, and aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. immediately after the operation, the uterus was opened under sterile conditions and samples obtained from the isthmus and fundus of the uterine cavity were examined microbiologically. in all three patients g. vaginalis was gro ...	1987	3500741
clinical evaluation of the vitek neisseria-haemophilus identification card.	a clinical evaluation of the vitek neisseria-haemophilus identification (nhi) card (vitek systems, inc., hazelwood, mo.) was performed with 480 clinical isolates and stock strains of neisseria spp., haemophilus spp., and other fastidious microorganisms included in the data base of the system. identifications obtained with the nhi card were compared with those determined by conventional methods. the card identified 83.2% of 244 neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis, 54.9% of 164 haemophilus ...	1987	3539996
single-dose therapy for genitourinary infections.	single-dose therapy for selected genitourinary tract infections is an effective alternative to multiple-dose regimens. candidal vulvovaginitis and trichomonal vaginitis may be routinely treated with single-dose regimens. with acute cystitis, candidates for single-dose therapy include patients who have a short duration of symptoms and are likely to comply with follow-up.	1987	3500627
single dose of ornidazole in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis.	bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of excessive and foul smelling vaginal discharge. in the group of 24 women, the diagnosis was based on increased vaginal discharge, positive koh-test, and detection of clue cells in the wet smear. in the microbiological isolation, gardnerella vaginalis was also observed in 20 subjects and mixed anaerobic flora in all the 24 subjects. a single dose of 1.5 g of ornidazole was given. posttreatment control was performed 7 to 28 days later. gardnerella vag ...	1987	3499111
gardnerella vaginalis chorioamnionitis: a report of two cases and a review of the pathogenic role of g. vaginalis in obstetrics.	two patients with chorioamnionitis due to gardnerella vaginalis are described. institution of tocolytic therapy for preterm labor is associated with maternal complications of septic hypotension and pulmonary edema in one patient. diagnostic modalities, specifically culturing techniques, are discussed, as well as suspected pathophysiologic mechanisms.	1987	3501357
bacterial vaginosis: microbiological and clinical findings.	a prospective study was performed involving 101 women who consecutively attended a primary health care unit for complaints of genital malodour and/or abnormal vaginal discharge. bacterial vaginosis was diagnosed in 34 women on the basis of four diagnostic criteria: vaginal ph greater than 4.7, homogeneous vaginal discharge, a positive amine test and clue cells. the sensitivity of these criteria was greater than 90% except for homogeneous discharge (82%). their specificity was greater than 90% ex ...	1987	3501755
haemagglutination and tissue culture adhesion of gardnerella vaginalis.	six strains of gardnerella vaginalis were studied to examine the adhesin-receptor mechanism involved in their attachment to human red blood cells and an epithelial tissue culture cell line (mccoy). the adhesins involved in the attachment of the bacteria to each of these cells were proteinaceous but showed marked differences after various chemical or physical treatments, indicating that separate adhesins were present. haemagglutinating strains were more hydrophobic than tissue-culture-adherent st ...	1987	3502136
incidence of motile, curved anaerobic rods (mobiluncus species) in vaginal secretions.	aerobic and anaerobic cultures as well as a gram stain and wet mount preparation were made of vaginal swabs taken from various groups of women including those with vaginal discharge. the bacteria commonly found in cultures were lactobacilli, coryneforms, staphylococcus epidermidis and facultative streptococci. anaerobes were isolated from 75% (475 of 632) of specimens. the incidence of trichomonas vaginalis, candida species, gardnerella vaginalis and mobiluncus species in the five groups of wome ...	1987	3502614
[cervico-vaginal pathogens and contraception: microbiological observations].	the authors relate the results about 172 vaginal and cervical swabs, in women with or without oral/local (iud) contraception, with or without vaginosis/vaginitis. gardnerella vaginalis was always prevalent; the authors observed an high correlation between cervical iud and vaginal gardnerella, more than iud and cervical chlamydia trachomatis. bacterial associations in gardnerella vaginalis (mobiluncus, obligate anaerobes) are related; incidence of candida and trichomonas vaginalis are reported; c ...	1987	3508298
therapy of amine-vaginitis by a single dose of ornidazole (tiberal); serum and tissue (vagina) concentrations of ornidazole after vaginal or rectal application.		1987	3509939
development and evaluation of scheme for serotyping gardnerella vaginalis.	antibodies to gardnerella vaginalis were raised in rabbits. nine antisera that reacted with their immunising strains, but not with the remaining eight strains, were used to develop a serotyping scheme. a dot blotting technique was used, and complexes of antigen and antibody were visualised using anti-rabbit immunoglobulin linked to alkaline phosphatase. of 91 clinical isolates used to evaluate the scheme, 79 (87%) were typable and 52 (57%) reacted with only a single antiserum. the antigens expre ...	1987	3497087
gardnerella vaginalis in the male upper genital tract: a possible source of reinfection of the female partner.	we describe a case of gardnerella vaginalis colonization of the upper genital tract of the male partner of a woman with recurring bacterial vaginosis. g. vaginalis could not be cultured from the urethra but was cultured from semen. after treatment of the male partner with metronidazole, the woman had no more relapses of bacterial vaginosis.	1987	3497456
the role of vaginal secretory immunoglobulin a, gardnerella vaginalis, anaerobes, and chlamydia trachomatis in postabortal pelvic inflammatory disease.	in a prospective study of 129 women undergoing induced first-trimester abortion, 14 (10.9%) contracted postabortal pelvic inflammatory disease (pid). samples of vaginal secretion for quantitation of secretory immunoglobulin a (siga) as well as isolates from cervix/urethra for the culture of anaerobes and aerobes, including bacteroides fragilis et melaninogenicus and gardnerella vaginalis, were obtained at the preoperative visit. two blood samples from each woman with postabortal pid were analyse ...	1987	3497518
gardnerella vaginalis in prepubertal girls.	a prospective study was established to determine the significance of the isolation of gardnerella vaginalis from the vagina in prepubertal children. two hundred fifty-six children were enrolled. group 1 consisted of 137 children who had been victims of sexual abuse; group 2, forty-eight children with genitourinary complaints and no history of sexual abuse; and group 3, seventy-one children with no genitourinary complaints and no history of sexual abuse. gardnerella vaginalis was isolated from 20 ...	1987	3497575
syphilitic patients with urogenital infection caused by chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum and gardnerella vaginalis.		1987	3497827
comparison of 2 g single dose of metronidazole, nimorazole and tinidazole in the treatment of vaginitis associated with gardnerella vaginalis.	vaginitis associated with the presence of gardnerella vaginalis (confirmed by culture) was treated either with metronidazole or with one of the two nitroimidazole derivatives; nimorazole or tinidazole, as a single oral 2 g dose. eighty-two patients were treated with metronidazole, 100 with nimorazole and 98 with tinidazole. the cure rates were 79%, 88% and 92% with metronidazole, nimorazole and tinidazole respectively. therefore we recommend a single dose of 2 g of any of these three drugs in th ...	1987	3494725
the acute urethral syndrome in routine practice.	midstream samples of urine from 185 acutely dysuric women and 89 symptom-free controls were screened according to the modified criteria of kass by both conventional and microaerophilic culture. among the 185 symptomatic women, coliform bacilli were isolated from 125 (67.5%) and in 45 (36%) of the latter the concentration of these organisms in the urine was less than 10(8)/l. fastidious organisms were isolated in pure and mixed cultures from 25 (13.4%) of the 185 patients and from 4 (4.5%) of 89 ...	1987	3494789
susceptibility of gardnerella vaginalis to metronidazole, its bioactive metabolites, and tinidazole.	the susceptibilities of 510 clinical isolates of gardnerella vaginalis to metronidazole, its principal oxidative metabolites, and tinidazole were determined by an agar dilution method. the hydroxy metabolite was the most active, with an mic90 value (minimum concentration that inhibited 90% of the strains) of 1.12 mg/l (5.51 mumol/l). tinidazole and metronidazole were somewhat less active, with mic90s of 4.09 mg/l (23.9 mumol/l) and 4.44 mg/l (18.0 mumol/l), respectively. the acid metabolite was ...	1987	3495168
[bacterial vaginitis within the scope of gynecologic consultation].	examinations about bacterial vaginosis have been done in 384 fertile women according the following diagnostic criteria: homogenous gray flour, typical fish smelling, clue cells and ph of 5 in vaginal content. clue cells could be detected in 233 (60.6 per cent) women. bacterial vaginosis with three of the above mentioned criteria could be found in 40.4 per cent. the cure rate following oral metronidazole therapy (twice daily 500 mg metronidazole for 5 days) was 75.2 per cent. in cases with therap ...	1987	3495945
in vitro adhesiveness and biotype of gardnerella vaginalis strains in relation to the occurrence of clue cells in vaginal discharges.	haemagglutination and tissue culture adherence tests using a mccoy cell line were used to examine the adherence characteristics of 105 strains of gardnerella vaginalis. each strain represented one isolate per patient. for each patient, a direct smear of vaginal discharge was examined for clue cells. the relation between in vitro adherence and the presence of clue cells was examined. there seemed to be no appreciable relation between the presence of clue cells in smears and the haemagglutinating ...	1987	3493202
extra-vaginal infection caused by gardnerella vaginalis.		1987	3493915
the accuracy of colposcopically directed biopsy in diagnosis of cin.	during the last decade there has been an increasing interest in the use of the colposcope. a quality-control study for the evaluation and understanding of the limitations of cytology and colposcopy in our clinic is presented. the results in 132 patients are analysed and compared to previous reports from the literature. cytologic results correlated with the histological diagnosis only in 47% of the patients. colposcopically directed biopsies were accurate in 88.8% when the entire squamocolumnar j ...	1987	3493927
significant bacteremia associated with replacement of intrauterine contraceptive device.	blood culture samples were taken from 23 women at different stages when an intrauterine contraceptive device was replaced. transient bacteremia resulting from vaginal organisms was found in 13% of women 4 to 6 minutes after insertion of the new device. previous reports have failed to demonstrate bacteremia associated with either first insertion or removal of intrauterine contraceptive device. our results show that replacement of an intrauterine contraceptive device, a more traumatic procedure, c ...	1987	3826221
microbiologic and serologic studies of gardnerella vaginalis in intra-amniotic infection.	our objective was to investigate the role of gardnerella vaginalis in intra-amniotic infection by use of comparative, quantitative cultures on selective media and by detection of maternal antibody response. amniotic fluid was collected from patients with intra-amniotic infection and from matched control women. in addition to media for aerobes, anaerobes, and mycoplasmas, we used v agar-selective (remel, lenexa, ks) to isolate g vaginalis. acute and convalescent maternal sera were collected and a ...	1987	3496566
[diagnosis of flat condylomas of the uterine cervix: problems with associated infections and differential diagnosis].		1987	2829756
treatment of common genital infections in adolescents.		1987	3546225
evaluation of enzyme immunoassay (chlamydiazyme) for detecting chlamydia trachomatis in genital tract specimens.	an enzyme immunoassay (chlamydiazyme) for detecting chlamydia trachomatis was evaluated on genital specimens from 96 men and 272 women attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases (std clinic). compared with a direct immunofluorescence test for chlamydial elementary bodies, the enzyme immunoassay had a sensitivity of 58% on specimens from men, a specificity of 90%, a positive predictive value of 93%, and a negative predictive value of 88%; the assay had a sensitivity of 67% on specimens ...	1987	3546397
comparison of radiometric and gas capture systems for blood cultures.		1987	3546400
treatment of clue cell-positive discharge with 200 mg povidone-iodine pessaries. a double-blind and placebo-controlled trial.	in a double-blind randomized study we evaluated the efficacy of povidone-iodine in the treatment of clue cell-positive discharge (ccpd). vaginal pessaries (200 mg povidone-iodine or placebo) were taken twice daily for five consecutive days. although the regimen was reasonably well accepted, 'messiness' was reported by 13 of 33 women (39%). of 44 women enrolled, treatment efficacy was evaluated in 28 women who had both follow-up visits. there was no significant difference in the efficacy of povid ...	1987	3556257
susceptibility of mobiluncus species to 23 antimicrobial agents and 15 other compounds.	the susceptibility of 12 strains of mobiluncus curtisii and 10 strains of m. mulieris to 23 antimicrobial agents and 15 other compounds was determined. all strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol, clindamycin, rifampin, tobramycin, vancomycin, virginiamycin, and all beta-lactam antibiotics tested, including imipenem. one strain of m. mulieris was resistant to erythromycin and josamycin. all were resistant to colistin, cycloserine, nalidixic acid, and neomycin. tetracycline had variable activ ...	1987	3566250
infection with multiple sexually transmitted agents.	a patient named as a contact by an individual with gonorrhea and syphilis was found to be an asymptomatic carrier of seven organisms known to be transmitted sexually. cultures were positive for neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, gardnerella vaginalis, mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, and herpes simplex virus. trichomonas vaginalis was detected by a wet preparation and the papanicolaou smear. the cervix was found to have an ulcer on the posterior lip that yielded herpes simp ...	1987	3573062
controlled evaluation of modified radiometric blood culture medium supplemented with gelatin for detection of bacteremia and fungemia.	although the addition of 1.2% gelatin to broth blood culture media containing sodium polyanetholesulfonate has been shown to enhance detection of certain bacteria, including neisseria meningitidis, n. gonorrhoeae, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, and gardnerella vaginalis, the effect of such supplementation on the detection of other microorganisms causing bacteremia and fungemia is not known. therefore, we studied bactec 6b medium with and without gelatin in 6,833 paired comparisons to examine the ...	1987	3624437
vaginitis: its diagnosis and treatment.		1987	3492484
quantitative studies on the vaginal flora of asymptomatic women and patients with vaginitis and vaginosis.	vaginal washings of 22 patients with vaginitis, 11 with vaginosis, and 12 healthy subjects were investigated quantitatively and qualitatively for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and yeasts. gardnerella vaginalis was recovered from 9 of the vaginitis patients, 7 of the vaginosis patients, and 4 of the asymptomatic subjects. obligate anaerobes were found in 11 of the vaginitis patients, 4 of the vaginosis patients, and none of the control subjects. bacteroides bivius was the anaerobe most frequentl ...	1987	3314265
[gardnerella vaginalis infection. clinical aspects, diagnosis and therapy].	the gardnerella vaginalis-infection of the urogenital tract is of clinical importance in females and of epidemiological importance in males. females suffer from bacterial vaginosis, with a foul-smelling grey vaginal discharge with a ph of 5.0-5.5 which contains "clue cells", and from sepsis. the isolation and identification of g. vaginalis i necessary in man. if g. vaginalis-infection is suspected, simultaneous infections with further std-agents such as n. gonorrhoeae, c. trachomatis etc should ...	1987	3318083
roxithromycin in nongonococcal urethritis.	this presentation is a summary of five different studies on the efficacy and tolerance of roxithromycin in the treatment of non-gonococcal genital infections. three of the studies were double-blind comparative and two were open studies. of the 924 out-patients whose data were analysed for clinical efficacy, 637 received treatment with roxithromycin 150 mg bd. the standard dose of roxithromycin, 150 mg bd for ten days, was compared with doxycycline 200 mg daily, lymecycline 300 mg bd and roxithro ...	1987	3323168
a review of the in-vitro activity of roxithromycin against genital pathogens.	the in-vitro activity of roxithromycin against neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, treponema pallidum, gardnerella vaginalis and haemophilus ducreyi is reviewed. roxithromycin demonstrated equivalent activity to erythromycin against n. gonorrhoeae, c. trachomatis, m. hominis, u. urealyticum, g. vaginalis and h. ducreyi. in a rabbit model for syphilis, potentially useful activity against t. pallidum has been demonstrated.	1987	3323169
transmission rate of ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma spp., gardnerella vaginalis, b-streptococci, candida spp. and chlamydia trachomatis from the mother to the newborn.	in a preliminary study of the transmission rate of ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma species, gardnerella vaginalis, b-streptococci, candida species and chlamydia trachomatis from the mother to the newborn, swabs were taken from 45 parturients and their neonates and cultured by suitable methods. out of 30 parturients with a positive culture, 8 harboured more than one microorganism investigated. u. urealyticum was found in 11 newborn and all of them had a positive mother. candida spp. were found ...	1987	3324978
[bacteriologic studies in premature rupture of fetal membranes and correlation with the clinical aspects of chorioamnionitis and the amnion infection syndrome].	one of the major complications following premature rupture of the membranes (prom) is ascending infection. in this aspect the bacteria of the vaginal flora play a major part. bacterial spectra of a group with prom and another control group with punctual rupture of the membranes are comparatively analysed. this analysis is based on swabs taken from vagina and newborns. data are interpreted in correlation to clinical picture of chorioamnionitis and amnion infection syndrome (ais). twelve newborns ...	1987	3327326
new developments in the etiology and pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis.	bacterial vaginosis is unlike the "classic" sexually transmitted diseases. unlike cervical infection with chlamydia or salpingitis caused by n. gonorrhoeae, no single etiologic agent has been identified, and the organisms which are associated with infection have all been found as members of endogenous vaginal flora, with the possible exception of mobiluncus species. if, as we suspect, bv is due to interactions among various organisms found in the vagina during vaginal health, we must determine w ...	1987	3329809
the in-vitro activity of roxithromycin, a new macrolide antibiotic, in comparison with that of erythromycin.	a study was made of the in-vitro activity of roxithromycin in comparison with that of erythromycin on selected recent clinical isolates of a wide range of organisms. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) were determined by an agar dilution method with an inoculum of 10(4) cfu. minimum bactericidal concentrations (mbcs) and the effect of ph were determined by a broth dilution method on selected strains. in general the in-vitro activity of roxithromycin mirrored that of erythromycin, but it was ...	1987	3428135
comparative in vitro activity of the two new oral cephalosporin metabolites ro 19-5247 and ro 15-8074.	a total of 629 clinical strains of gram positive and gram negative bacteria were tested for their susceptibility to ro 19-5247, ro 15-8074, and other antimicrobial agents. both ro 19-5247 and ro 15-8074 had good activity against strains of enterobacteriaceae; however, resistance was found among some strains of enterobacter, citrobacter, klebsiella and morganella spp. both compounds showed moderate to poor active against acinetobacter spp., pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococci and streptococcus ...	1987	3436316
[the microbiological characteristics of bacterial vaginosis].		1987	3154365
[gardnerella vaginalis in nonspecific vaginitis].		1987	3296818
the midcycle cervical microbial flora as studied by the weighed-swab method, and its possible correlation with results of sperm cervical mucus penetration tests.	infertile couples undergoing routine investigation for infertility were randomly selected for the study. a quantitative method using weighed swabs was found satisfactory for the study of microbial flora in the midcycle cervical mucus. in 6 of the 20 women, the midcycle cervical mucus was hostile in the sperm cervical mucus penetration tests. the total bacterial counts and the number of species (average, 2.5) isolated from the hostile mucus were significantly greater than those from the receptive ...	1987	3109958
salpingitis; aspects of diagnosis and etiology: a 4-year study from a swedish capital hospital.	359 patients underwent laparoscopy to verify the diagnosis of salpingitis. pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) was found in 187 (52%) cases. laparoscopy revealed normal conditions in 136 (37%) cases. other diseases were diagnosed in 36 (10%) cases. bacteriological cultures from the fimbrial lumen were positive in 24% of the pid cases. chlamydia trachomatis (ct) was detected in 12%, bacteroides species (bs) in 5%, actinomyces israelii (ai) in 3%, gardnerella vaginalis (gv) in 2%, neisseria gonorrho ...	1987	2951285
cervical mosaic and an integrated pathophysiological approach to early cervical neoplasia.	the increasing concern for the early detection and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) set up the basis for this study, which also considers some epidemiological factors which seem to be related to the genesis of an abnormal uterine cervical colposcopic pattern, the mosaic pattern. we have observed that women with a mosaic pattern show an increasing frequency of premalignant and/or malignant histologic changes up to 40 years of age which then falls abruptly. sterility and hirsu ...	1987	2824702
controlled evaluation of trypticase soy broth with and without gelatin and yeast extract in the detection of bacteremia and fungemia.	the addition of gelatin to blood culture media has been suggested to prevent the inhibition of neisseria meningitidis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, gardnerella vaginalis, and peptostreptococcus anaerobius that is caused by sodium polyanetholsulfonate. to determine the effect of such supplementation on the overall yield of microorganisms, we compared the yield and speed of detection of clinically important microorganisms from 5422 paired 10-ml samples of blood cultured in trypticase soy broth (tsb) con ...	1987	2831009