Publications

cloning and expression of a fibrinolytic enzyme (subtilisin dfe) gene from bacillus amyloliquefaciens dc-4 in bacillus subtilis.	a strong fibrinolytic enzyme produced by bacillus amyloliquefaciens dc-4, subtilisin dfe, was isolated from douchi, a traditional chinese soybean-fermented food. based on the high homology between the n-terminal sequence of subtilisin dfe and that of subtilisin bpn, pcr primers were designed that allowed for the amplification and cloning of the intact subtilisin dfe gene. sequence analysis indicated the presence of a 1149-bp open reading frame encoding 382 amino acid residues. the enzyme was act ...	2004	15059629
production of an antifungal protein for control of colletotrichum lagenarium by bacillus amyloliquefaciens met0908.	a plant pathogenic fungus, colletotrichum lagenarium, causing watermelon anthracnose, was isolated from naturally infected leaves, stems, and fruits of watermelon. a bacterial strain, met0908, showing a potent antifungal activity against c. lagenarium, was isolated from soil. an antifungal protein was purified by 30% ammonium sulfate saturation and concentrated using centricon 10, deae-sepharose(tm) fast flow column and sephacryl s-100 gel filtration chromatography. the molecular weight of the p ...	2004	15109737
stability parameters for one-step mechanism of irreversible protein denaturation: a method based on nonlinear regression of calorimetric peaks with nonzero deltacp.	thermal transitions of many proteins have been found to be calorimetrically irreversible and scan-rate dependent. calorimetric determinations of stability parameters of proteins which unfold irreversibly according to a first-order kinetic scheme have been reported. these methods require the approximation that the increase in heat capacity upon denaturation deltacp is zero. a method to obtain thermodynamic parameters and activation energy for the two-state irreversible process n --> d from nonlin ...	2004	15113687
isolation, characterization, and identification of bacterial contaminants in semifinal gelatin extracts.	bacterial contamination of gelatin is of great concern. indeed, this animal colloid has many industrial applications, mainly in food and pharmaceutical products. in a previous study (e. de clerck and p. de vos, syst. appl. microbiol. 25:611-618), contamination of a gelatin production process with a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was demonstrated. in this study, bacterial contamination of semifinal gelatin extracts from several production plants was examined. since these extr ...	2004	15184171
comparative studies on trifluoroethanol (tfe) state of a thermophilic alpha-amylase and its mesophilic counterpart: limited proteolysis, conformational analysis, aggregation and reactivation of the enzymes.	detailed circular dichroism (cd), scattering and quenching studies, 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate (ans) binding, irreversible thermoinactivation, activity measurements and proteolytic digestion of bacterial alpha-amylases have been carried out to elucidate the effect of trifluoroethanol (tfe) on the structure of these enzymes. under high concentrations of tfe both of the alpha-amylases, a thermostable alpha-amylase from bacillus licheniformis (bla) and its mesophilic counterpart from bacillus ...	2004	15225989
structural stability and unfolding properties of thermostable bacterial alpha-amylases: a comparative study of homologous enzymes.	in a comparative investigation on two thermostable alpha-amylases [bacillus amyloliquefaciens (baa), t(m) = 86 degrees c and bacillus licheniformis (bla), t(m) = 101 degrees c], we studied thermal and guanidine hydrochloride (gndhcl)-induced unfolding using fluorescence and cd spectroscopy, as well as dynamic light scattering. depletion of calcium from specific ion-binding sites in the protein structures reduces the melting temperature tremendously for both alpha-amylases. the reduction is nearl ...	2004	15274613
genotyping and toxigenic potential of bacillus subtilis and bacillus pumilus strains occurring in industrial and artisanal cured sausages.	artisanal and industrial sausages were analyzed for their aerobic, heat-resistant microflora to assess whether new emerging pathogens could be present among bacillus strains naturally contaminating cured meat products. sixty-four isolates were characterized by randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd)-pcr and fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (faflp). the biotypes, identified by partial 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, belonged to bacillus subtilis, bacillus pumilus, and bacillu ...	2004	15345396
genetic and functional characterization of a bacillus sp. strain excreting surfactin and antifungal metabolites partially identified as iturin-like compounds.	a bacterial strain producing antifungal compounds active against the plant pathogenic fungi fusarium, rhizoctonia and sclerotinia has been characterized and shown to control rhizoctonia root rot of soya bean.	2004	15546416
[i87e mutation prevents barstar dimerization].	the c40,82a;i87e mutant of barstar, an intracellular inhibitor of the ribonuclease barnase from bacillus amyloliquefaciens, was obtained, and its physicochemical properties were studied. it was produced as a fusion protein with thioredoxin and then cleaved from this by ekmax enterokinase. the mutant was shown by nmr to retain the spatial structure of the wild-type protein but, in contrast to barstar, does not form the homodimers characteristic of barstar in aqueous solution. the mutant protein b ...	2004	15586816
highly efficient gene expression of a fibrinolytic enzyme (subtilisin dfe) in bacillus subtilis mediated by the promoter of alpha-amylase gene from bacillus amyloliquefaciens.	subtilisin dfe is a fibrinolytic enzyme produced by bacillus amyloliquefaciens dc-4. the promoter and signal peptide-coding sequence of alpha-amylase gene from b. amyloliquefaciens was cloned and fused to the sequence coding for pro-peptide and mature peptide of subtilisin dfe. this hybrid gene was inserted into the escherichia coli/bacillus subtilis shuttle plasmid vector, psugv4. recombinant subtilisin dfe gene was successfully expressed in b. subtilis wb600 with a fibrinolytic activity of 200 ...	2004	15604765
determination of protein rotational correlation time from nmr relaxation data at various solvent viscosities.	an accurate determination of the overall rotation of a protein plays a crucial role in the investigation of its internal motions by nmr. in the present work, an innovative approach to the determination of the protein rotational correlation time tau(r) from the heteronuclear relaxation data is proposed. the approach is based on a joint fit of relaxation data acquired at several viscosities of a protein solution. the method has been tested on computer simulated relaxation data as compared to the t ...	2004	15630563
taxonomic characterization and plant colonizing abilities of some bacteria related to bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis.	the phylogenetic relationships of 17 bacillus strains isolated from plants and soil were determined from partial sequences of genes encoding 16s rrna, gyrasea (gyra) and the chea histidine kinase. five strains were closely related to bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis, three strains were more closely related to b. subtilis subsp. spizizeni and two strains were identified as b. mojavensis. the remaining seven strains formed a cluster closely related to, but distinct from, bacillus amyloliquefacien ...	2004	19712408
bacillus velezensis sp. nov., a surfactant-producing bacterium isolated from the river vélez in málaga, southern spain.	two gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterial strains, cr-502t and cr-14b, which produce surfactant molecules are described. phenotypic tests and phylogenetic analyses showed these strains to be members of the genus bacillus and related to the species bacillus atrophaeus, bacillus mojavensis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus vallismortis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, although they differ from these species in a number of phenotypic characteristics. dna-dna hybridization confirmed that they show le ...	2005	15653875
construction of a transposon-mediated baculovirus vector hanpvid and a new cell line for expressing barnase.	in this study we developed the transposon-mediated shuttle vector 'hanpvid', which composed of hanpv (heliothis armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus) genomic dna and a transposon cassette from bacmid of bac-to-bac system. hanpvid replicates in e. coli in the same way as bacmid and retains infective function in cotton bollworm cells (hz-am1). using hanpvid we constructed a recombinant virus, which could infect hz-am1 cells and generate recombinant hanpv (rha-bar) containing the barnase gene, a rib ...	2005	15715945
gene expression and characteristics of a novel fibrinolytic enzyme (subtilisin dfe) in escherichia coli.	the objective of this study is to actively express a novel fibrinolytic enzyme, subtilisin dfe (douchi fibrinolytic enzyme), in escherichia coli.	2005	16033520
a study on inhibitory effects of siğla tree (liquidambar orientalis mill. var. orientalis) storax against several bacteria.	in this study, siğla (liquidambar orientalis mill.) storax (styrax) was investigated for antibacterial activity against aeromonas hydrophila, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, b. brevis, b. cereus, b. megaterium, b. subtilis, corynebacterium xerosis, enterobacter aerogenes, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, e. coli o157:h7, klebsiella pneumoniae, listeria monocytogenes, micrococcus luteus, mycobacterium smegmatis, proteus vulgaris, pseudomonas aeruginosa, p. fluorescens, staphylococcus aureus a ...	2005	16114094
[the role of the promoter and leader sequences of extracellular ribonuclease from bacillus amyloliquefaciens in regulation of enzyme biosynthesis].	it is shown that in the medium rich with inorganic phosphate there is a stimulation of biosynthesis of ribonuclease from b. amyloliquefaciens (barnase) by actinomycin d, while biosynthesis of ribonucleases from b. intermedius (binase) and b. pumilus (knase bpu) in these conditions was suppressed. features of biosynthesis of binase and rnase bpu, directed by the barnase promoter, and also expression of chimeric gene of rnase bpu with leader peptide of barnase were investigated. it was established ...	2005	16173398
hyper expression of kojibiose phosphorylase gene and trehalose phosphorylase gene from thermoanaerobacter brockii atcc35047 in bacillus subtilis and selaginose synthesis utilizing two phosphorylases.	the kojibiose phosphorylase (kp) gene and trehalose phosphorylase (tp) gene from thermoanaerobacter brockii atcc35047 were intracellularly hyper-expressed under the control of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens alpha-amylase promoter in bacillus subtilis. the production yields were estimated to be 2.1 g of kp and 4.9 g of tp per liter of medium. selaginose, non-reducing trisaccharide, was synthesized from trehalose utilizing the recombinant kp and tp from b. subtilis. selaginose was not hydrolyzed b ...	2005	16243288
[pcr based identification of strains of endophytic ecotype of bacillus amyloliquefaciens].	a search for genetic markers of an endophytic ecotype of bacillus amyloliquefaciens was performed by the subtractive hybridization technique. the isolated fragments specificity was checked by dna-dna hybridization. the sequence of a dna locus exhibiting the highest taxon specificity has manifested a 76% identity to the gene mtla from bacillus subtilis 168 genome. a set of discriminative primers has been derived from this sequence which could be used for the fast and reliable identification of is ...	2005	16250231
a fusion protein system for the recombinant production of short disulfide bond rich cystine knot peptides using barnase as a purification handle.	the inhibitor cystine knot (ick) structural motif has been found in several small proteins and peptides from plants, insects, marine molluscs, and also in human. it is defined by a triple beta-sheet that is held together by three intramolecular disulfide bonds built by six conserved cysteine residues that generate a highly rigid and stable fold. we describe a procedure for the production of ick peptides with correct disulfide bond connectivities via expression in escherichia coli as fusion prote ...	2005	15596363
purification and characterization of alpha-amylase from bacillus amyloliquefaciens ncim 2829.	alpha-amylase (ec 3.2.1.1) was purified to homogeneity (specific activity 58,000 micromole min(-1) mg protein(-1)) from the culture filtrate of bacillus amyloliquefaciens ncim 2829. its molecular mass was found to be 67.5 kda. the activity of the enzyme increased by almost 50% in the presence of co+2 ion. hg2+ and cu2+ acted as strong inhibitors of the enzyme. the tryptophan moities of the enzyme were fairly protected from the aqueous environment. however, the globular interior of the protein wa ...	2005	23923536
thermodynamic study of magnesium ion binding to alpha-amylase.	the interaction of alpha-amylase (from bacillus amyloliquefaciens) with mg2+ ion was studied using uv spectrophotometric and isothermal titration calorimetric (itc) methods at 27 degrees c in 30 mm tris buffer solution at ph = 7.0. the binding isotherm for metal-protein interaction was easily obtained by carrying out itc experiment at two different concentrations (2 microm and 50 microm) of the protein. alpha-amylase had eight identical and independent binding sites for mg2+ ion, which showed no ...	2005	23923542
a new vector for controllable expression of an anti-her2/neu mini-antibody-barnase fusion protein in hek 293t cells.	tumor-targeted vectors with controllable expression of therapeutic genes and specific antitumor antibodies are promising tools for the reduction of malignant tumors. here we describe a new plasmid for the eukaryotic expression of an anti-her2/neu mini-antibody-barnase fusion protein (4d5 scfv-barnase-his(5)) with an nh(2)-terminal leader peptide. the 4d5 scfv-barnase-his(5) gene was placed downstream of the tetracycline responsive-element minimal promoter in the vector using the tet-off gene-exp ...	2006	16300908
characterization of a novel pepf-like oligopeptidase secreted by bacillus amyloliquefaciens 23-7a.	an oligopeptidase from bacillus amyloliquefaciens 23-7a was characterized along with its biochemical activities and structural gene. the protein's amino acid sequence and enzymatic activities were similar to those of other bacterial pepfs, which belong to metallopeptidase family m3. while most bacterial pepfs are cytoplasmic endopeptidases, the identified pepfba oligopeptidase is a secreted protein and may facilitate the process of sporulation.	2006	16391147
thermostabilization of bacillus amyloliquefaciens alpha-amylase by chemical cross-linking.	chemical cross-linking of a mesophilic alpha-amylase from bacillus amyloliquefaciens (baa) was carried out. intra-molecular cross-links between lysine residues upon treatment of the enzyme with ethylene glycol bis(succinic acid n-hydroxy succinimide ester) resulted in enhancement of thermostability as indicated by irreversible thermoinactivation experiments. enhancement of thermostability coincided with a dramatic protection against aggregation, combined with a decrease in surface hydrophobicity ...	2006	16446001
influence of bacillus spp. isolated from maize agroecosystem on growth and aflatoxin b(1) production by aspergillus section flavi.	a total of 59 bacteria of the bacillus genus were isolated from different components of a maize agroecosystem and their antifungal activity against aspergillus section flavi was evaluated. thirty-three and 46% of these bacteria were able to inhibit aspergillus flavus link and a. parasiticus speare respectively at water activity (a(w)) 0.982; however, when a(w) was 0.955, these percentages were decreased and only three isolates were able to inhibit aspergillus section flavi. the majority of bacil ...	2006	16475221
comparison of the molten globule states of thermophilic and mesophilic alpha-amylases.	in recent years great interest has been generated in the process of protein folding, and the formation of intermediates during the folding process has been proven with new experimental strategies. in the present work, we have examined the molten globule state of bacillus licheniformis alpha-amylase (bla) by intrinsic fluorescence and circular dichroism spectra, 1-anilino naphthalene-8-sulfonate (ans) binding and proteolytic digestion by pepsin, for comparison to its mesophilic counterpart, bacil ...	2006	16516372
[identification and characterization of a bacillus amyloliquefaciens with high antifungal activity].	plant disease can cause serious crop losses, and chemical control of disease is costly both to the environment and to the farmer. some microorganism can produce the substance which has the preventing and exterminating functions to plant pathogens. these substances are valid to plant pathogens with only lower concentration, in addition the substances do not remain in soil and crops without being decomposed. if composization is performed with the microorganism, or the microorganism is mixed into c ...	2006	16579456
[dual promoters enhance heterologous enzyme production from bacterial phage based recombinant bacillus subtilis].	the effect of dual promoters on recombinant protein production from bacterial phage based bacillus subtilis expression system was investigated. alpha amylase (from bacillus amyloliquefaciens) and penicillin acylase (from bacillus megaterium) were selected as the indicating enzymes. both the promoterless genes and the promoter-bearing genes were isolated through pcr amplification with properly designed primers, and were inserted into plasmid psg703 that contains the lacz-cat expression cartridge. ...	2006	16607942
effects of degu32(hy), degqa and degr pleiotropic regulatory genes on the growth and protease fermentation of bacillus subtilis ki-2-132.	effects of degu32 (hy), degr genes from bacillus subtilis 168 and degqa gene from bacillus amyloliquefaciens on bacillus subtilis ki-2-132 cell growth, sporulation and protease fermentation were investigated by introducing these genes into b. subtilis ki-2-132 chromosome and/or cytoplasm. although the genes come from different species and strains, they showed pleiotropic effects in b. subtilis ki-2-132. b. subtilis ki-2-132degu32 (hy) showed increased protease production, and when cooperating wi ...	2006	16625836
combined pressure-thermal inactivation kinetics of bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores in egg patty mince.	bacillus amyloliquefaciens is a potential surrogate for clostridium botulinum in validation studies involving bacterial spore inactivation by pressure-assisted thermal processing. spores of b. amyloliquefaciens fad 82 were inoculated into egg patty mince (approximately 1.4 x 10(8) spores per g), and the product was treated with combinations of pressure (0.1 to 700 mpa) and heat (95 to 121 degrees c) in a custom-made high-pressure kinetic tester. the values for the inactivation kinetic parameter ...	2006	16629029
[brownian dynamics simulation of the association of bacillus amyloliquefaciens ribonuclease (barnase) and bacillus intermedius ribonuclease (binase) with barstar].	a comparative study of the association of two ribonucleases, barnase and binase, with the polypeptide inhibitor barstar has been performed by the brownian dynamics simulation method. it was shown that the method adequately reproduced the dependence of the association rate on ph and ionic strength of solution and the influence of mutations of some ribonuclease amino acids. two types of energetically favorable complexes of binase-barstar encounter were determined. in the type i complex, the amino ...	2006	16637328
high-pressure-mediated survival of clostridium botulinum and bacillus amyloliquefaciens endospores at high temperature.	endospores of proteolytic type b clostridium botulinum tmw 2.357 and bacillus amyloliquefaciens tmw 2.479 are currently described as the most high-pressure-resistant bacterial spores relevant to food intoxication and spoilage in combined pressure-temperature applications. the effects of combined pressure (0.1 to 1,400 mpa) and temperature (70 to 120 degrees c) treatments were determined for these spores. a process employing isothermal holding times was established to distinguish pressure from te ...	2006	16672493
detection of antibiotic-related genes from bacterial biocontrol agents with polymerase chain reaction.	pseudomonas chlororaphis pa23, pseudomonas spp. strain df41, and bacillus amyloliquefaciens bs6 consistently inhibit infection of canola petals by sclerotinia sclerotiorum in both greenhouse and field experiments. bacillus thuringiensis bs8, bacillus cereus l, and bacillus mycoides s have shown significant inhibition against s. sclerotiorum on plate assays. the presence of antibiotic biosynthetic or self-resistance genes in these strains was investigated with polymerase chain reaction and, in on ...	2006	16699573
structural and functional characterization of three polyketide synthase gene clusters in bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb 42.	although bacterial polyketides are of considerable biomedical interest, the molecular biology of polyketide biosynthesis in bacillus spp., one of the richest bacterial sources of bioactive natural products, remains largely unexplored. here we assign for the first time complete polyketide synthase (pks) gene clusters to bacillus antibiotics. three giant modular pks systems of the trans-acyltransferase type were identified in bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb 42. one of them, pks1, is an ortholog of ...	2006	16707694
free energies of protein-protein association determined by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry correlate accurately with values obtained by solution methods.	the advantages of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (esims) to measure relative solution-phase affinities of tightly bound protein-protein complexes are demonstrated with selected variants of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens protein barstar (b) and the rnaase barnase (bn), which form protein-protein complexes with a range of picomolar to nanomolar dissociation constants. a novel chemical annealing procedure rapidly establishes equilibrium in solutions containing competing b variants with ...	2006	16731980
production of recombinant rnase ba and its application in downstream processing of plasmid dna for pharmaceutical use.	the demand for new strategies in downstream processing of biopharmaceutical plasmid dna has increased in response to the importance of nucleic acids as active pharmaceutical ingredients (api) in gene therapy and genetic vaccination. led by the problematic usage of animal-derived proteins for producing reagents of clinical applications, we present an opportunity of removing rna prior to chromatographic steps by using a recombinant rnase ba (barnase of bacillus amyloliquefaciens) as an alternative ...	2006	16739957
significant differences in the activities of alpha-amylases in the absence and presence of polyethylene glycol assayed on eight starches solubilized by two methods.	starch is a reserve chemical source of the energy of the sun found in plants as a water-insoluble granule that differs in their chemical and physical properties, depending on the source. the granules can be solubilized by heating in water or by treatment with various reagents, such as 1m naoh. alpha-amylases are widely distributed enzymes that initiate the hydrolysis of starch into low molecular weight maltodextrins. we recently found that the activities of a single alpha-amylase on two differen ...	2006	16762330
aminotryptophan-containing barstar: structure--function tradeoff in protein design and engineering with an expanded genetic code.	the indole ring of the canonical amino acid tryptophan (trp) possesses distinguished features, such as sterical bulk, hydrophobicity and the nitrogen atom which is capable of acting as a hydrogen bond donor. the introduction of an amino group into the indole moiety of trp yields the structural analogs 4-aminotryptophan ((4-nh(2))trp) and 5-aminotryptophan ((5-nh(2))trp). their hydrophobicity and spectral properties are substantially different when compared to those of trp. they resemble the puri ...	2006	16782415
comparison of the wild-type alpha-amylase and its variant enzymes in bacillus amyloliquefaciens in activity and thermal stability, and insights into engineering the thermal stability of bacillus alpha-amylase.	the starch hydrolysis activity and thermal stability of bacillus amyloliquefaciens alpha-amylase (wild-type enzyme or wt) and its variant enzymes, designated as m77, m111, and 21b, were compared. all have an optimal ph at around 6, as well as almost the same reaction rates and km and kcat values. the optimal temperature in the absence of ca2+ ions is 60 degrees c for wt and m77 and 40 degrees c for m111 and 21b. those of m111 and 21b rose to 50-60 degrees c upon the addition of 5 mm cacl2, while ...	2006	16788051
antibiosis by bacillus amyloliquefaciens ribonuclease barnase expressed in escherichia coli against symbiotic and endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria.	a modified antibiosis assay was used to evaluate growth inhibition of symbiotic and endophytic bacteria by e. coli strains producing bacillus amyloliquefaciens ribonuclease, barnase. inhibition zones were only observed when the assays were performed in minimal medium agar. however, bacterial growth inhibition was not detected when using rich medium or susceptible strains expressing the ribonuclease inhibitor protein, barstar. our results suggest that barnase may act as a broad range bacteriocin. ...	2006	16797765
construction and use of retroviral vectors encoding the toxic gene barnase.	suicide genes for negative selection of cells have been powerful tools in somatic cell genetic studies and in gene therapy. here we report on the construction, characterization, and utilization of retroviral vectors encoding barnase, a ribonuclease from bacillus amyloliquefaciens, expression of which results in apoptosis of transduced mammalian cells. high-titer viral vector production was enabled by expression of an inhibitor of barnase (barstar) in transfected cells generating murine leukemia ...	2006	16814610
characterization of a bacteriocin-like substance produced by bacillus amyloliquefaciens isolated from the brazilian atlantic forest.	a bacillus strain producing a bacteriocin-like substance was characterized by biochemical profiling and 16s rdna sequencing. phylogenetic analysis indicated that the strain has high sequence similarity with bacillus amyloliquefaciens. the antimicrobial substance was inhibitory to pathogenic and food-spoilage bacteria, such as listeria monocytogenes, bacillus cereus, serratia marcescens, and pasteurella haemolytica. it was stable over a wide temperature range, but lost activity when the temperatu ...	2006	16835841
rts, a rice anther-specific gene is required for male fertility and its promoter sequence directs tissue-specific gene expression in different plant species.	a tapetum-specific gene, rts, has been isolated by differential screening of a cdna library from rice panicles. rts is a unique gene in the rice genome. rna blot analysis and in situ hybridization indicates that this gene is predominantly expressed in the anther's tapetum during meiosis and disappears before anthesis. rts has no introns and encodes a putative polypeptide of 94 amino acids with a hydrophobic n-terminal region. the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of the gene do not show ...	2006	16897470
construction and characterization of a bifunctional fusion enzyme of bacillus-sourced beta-glucanase and xylanase expressed in escherichia coli.	a chimeric gene, glu-xyl, encoding bacillus amyloliquefaciens glucanase (glu, 24.4 kda) and bacillus subtilis xylanase (xyl, 21.2 kda), was constructed via end-to-end fusion and expressed successfully in escherichia coli. the purified fusion protein (46.1 kda) exhibited both glucanase and xylanase activities. compared with parental enzymes, the glu moiety was characterized by kinetic parameters of decreased k(m) (0.66-fold) and increased k(cat) (2.75-fold), whereas the xyl moiety had an increase ...	2006	16907724
heterologous protein secretion in lactococcus lactis is enhanced by the bacillus subtilis chaperone-like protein prsa.	the bacillus subtilis lipoprotein prsa enhances the yield of several homologous and heterologous exported proteins in b. subtilis by being involved in the posttranslocational stage of the secretion process. in this work, we have studied the effect of b. subtilis prsa on the secretion of bacillus amyloliquefaciens alpha-amylase (amyq), a target protein for prsa, and bacillus licheniformis penicillinase (penp) a nontarget protein for prsa, in lactococcus lactis. two compatible plasmids were constr ...	2006	16944130
dual role of the phop approximately p response regulator: bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb45 phytase gene transcription is directed by positive and negative interactions with the phyc promoter.	several bacillus strains secrete phytase, an enzyme catalyzing dephosphorylation of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (phytate). we identified the phyc (phytase) gene from environmental bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb45 as a member of the phosphate starvation-inducible phopr regulon. in vivo and in vitro assays revealed that phop approximately p is essential for phyc transcription. the transcriptional start site was identified downstream of a sigmaa-like promoter region located 27 bp upstream of the ...	2006	16980498
inhibitory effects of spice essential oils on the growth of bacillus species.	a series of essential oils of 11 turkish plant spices [black thyme, cumin, fennel (sweet), laurel, marjoram, mint, oregano, pickling herb, sage, savory, and thyme], used in foods mainly for their flavor, aromas, and preservation, in herbal tea, in alternative medicines, and in natural therapies, were screened for antibacterial effects at 1:50, 1:100, 1:250, and 1:500 dilutions by the paper disc diffusion method against six bacillus species (bacillus amyloliquefaciens atcc 3842, bacillus brevis f ...	2006	17004909
determination of spore inactivation during thermal and pressure-assisted thermal processing using ft-ir spectroscopy.	the efficacy of microbial inactivation techniques is currently tested using time-consuming and labor-intensive plate count methods, which are the principal rate-limiting steps in developing inactivation kinetic parameters for alternative food processing technologies. fourier transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis was used to quantify viable spores and identify some biochemical changes in samples treated by autoclaving, pressure-assisted thermal processing (pa ...	2006	17177574
protection of oilseed rape (brassica napus) toward fungal pathogens by strains of plant-associated bacillus amyloliquefaciens.	in this report, four bacillus strains were tested for effects on plant fitness and disease protection of oilseed rape (brassica napus). the strains belonged to newly discovered plant-associated bacillus amyloliquefaciens and a recently proposed species, bacillus endophyticus. the fungal pathogens tested represented different infection strategies and included alternaria brassicae, botrytis cinerea, leptosphaeria maculans, and verticillium longisporum. the b. amyloliquefaciens strains showed no or ...	2007	17186140
inactivation kinetics of selected aerobic and anaerobic bacterial spores by pressure-assisted thermal processing.	the combined pressure-thermal inactivation kinetics of spores from three strains of anaerobic (clostridium sporogenes, c. tyrobutylicum, and thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum), and six strains of aerobic (bacillus amyloliquefaciens and b. sphaericus) bacteria were studied. spores of these bacteria were prepared in deionized water and treated in a custom-made kinetic tester over various pressure (0.1 and 700 mpa) and thermal (105 and 121 degrees c) combinations. survivor data were model ...	2007	17196696
intrinsic halotolerance of the psychrophilic alpha-amylase from pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis.	the halotolerance of a cold adapted alpha-amylase from the psychrophilic bacterium pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis (aha) was investigated. aha exhibited hydrolytic activity over a broad range of nacl concentrations (0.01-4.5 m). aha showed 28% increased activity in 0.5-2.0 m nacl compared to that in 0.01 m nacl. in contrast, the corresponding mesophilic (bacillus amyloliquefaciens) and thermostable (b. licheniformis) alpha-amylases showed a 39 and 46% decrease in activity respectively. even at 4. ...	2007	17310272
crystallization and preliminary x-ray characterization of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens ywro enzyme.	cb1954 is an anticancer prodrug that is currently in clinical trials coupled with the escherichia coli flavoenzyme nitroreductase (ntr) for use in directed-enzyme prodrug therapy (dept). the ntr enzyme is responsible for the conversion of the prodrug into a cytotoxic agent. the bifunctional alkylating agent produced by this bioactivation process leads to dna damage and death of cancer cells. recently, a novel flavoenzyme from bacillus amyloliquefaciens, ywro (bam ywro), was reported to be able t ...	2007	17768344
degu and ycze positively regulate the synthesis of bacillomycin d by bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain fzb42.	environmental strain bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 differs from the domesticated model organism of the same genus, bacillus subtilis 168, in its ability to promote plant growth and suppress plant-pathogenic organisms present in the rhizosphere. this behavior is exerted mainly through the production of several nonribosomal cyclic lipopeptides and polyketides, which exhibit a broad range of action against phytopathogenic bacteria, fungi, and nematodes. here, we provide evidence that the synthes ...	2007	17827323
macrolactin is the polyketide biosynthesis product of the pks2 cluster of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42.	in the genome of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42, three operons pks1, pks2, and pks3 were identified which encode the biosynthesis of polyketides. pks1 and pks3 have been attributed to the production of bacillaene and difficidin/oxydifficidin, respectively, while the pks2 product remained hitherto unknown. mass spectrometric analysis of the culture filtrates of the wild-type b. amyloliquefaciens fzb42 and mutants revealed pks2-specific metabolites. by combination of the mass spectrometric and u ...	2007	17844999
molecular and biochemical detection of fengycin- and bacillomycin d-producing bacillus spp., antagonistic to fungal pathogens of canola and wheat.	bacillus species are well known for their ability to control plant diseases through various mechanisms, including the production of secondary metabolites. bacillus subtilis dfh08, an antagonist of fusarium graminearum, and other bacillus spp. that are antagonists of common fungal pathogens of canola were screened for peptide synthetase biosynthetic genes of fengycin and bacillomycin d. specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primers identified b. subtilis strains dfh08 and 49 for the presence o ...	2007	17898845
monitoring biochemical changes in bacterial spore during thermal and pressure-assisted thermal processing using ft-ir spectroscopy.	pressure-assisted thermal processing (patp) is being widely investigated for processing low acid foods. however, its microbial safety has not been well established and the mechanism of inactivation of pathogens and spores is not well understood. fourier transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy was used to study some of the biochemical changes in bacterial spores occurring during patp and thermal processing (tp). spore suspensions (approximately 10(9) cfu/ml of water) of clostridium tyrobutyricum, ...	2007	17907780
amylosin from bacillus amyloliquefaciens, a k+ and na+ channel-forming toxic peptide containing a polyene structure.	bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains isolated from the indoor environment of moisture-damaged buildings produce a 1197 da toxin, named amylosin. nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) data showed that amylosin contains a chromophoric polyene structure and the amino acids leucine/isoleucine, proline, aspartic acid/asparagine, glutamic acid/glutamine and tyrosine. a quantitation method for amylosin was developed using commercially available amphotericin b as a reference compound and a known concentration ...	2007	17391722
photoperiod regulates elicitation of growth promotion but not induced resistance by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria.	for several years, we have noticed that plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr), which consistently promote plant growth in greenhouse tests during spring, summer, and fall, fail to elicit plant growth promotion during the midwinter under ambient light conditions. this report tests the hypothesis that photoperiod regulates elicitation of growth promotion and induced systemic resistance (isr) by pgpr. a commercially available formulation of pgpr strains bacillus subtilis gb03 and bacillus amy ...	2007	17496963
purification and characterization of a subtilisin-like proteinases secreted in the stationary growth phase of bacillus amyloliquefaciens h2.	proteinases secreted during the early and late stationary phases have been isolated from the culture liquid of bacillus amyloliquefaciens h2 using cm-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography with subsequent fplc on a mono s column. considering the character of hydrolysis of specific chromogenic substrates and the type of inhibition, these enzymes were identified as subtilisin-like proteinases. the molecular weight of both proteinases is 29 kd. the proteolytic activity of the proteinases secreted du ...	2007	17511612
isolation and structural analysis of bamylocin a, novel lipopeptide from bacillus amyloliquefaciens lp03 having antagonistic and crude oil-emulsifying activity.	bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain lp03 isolated from soil, produced an antagonistic compound that strongly inhibited the growth of plant-pathogenic fungi and a lipopeptide biosurfactant. also, isolated strain lp03 had a marked crude oil-emulsifying activity as it developed a clear zone around the colony after incubation for 24 h at 37 degrees c. lp03 was identified as bacillus amyloliquefaciens by analysis of partial 16 s rrna gene and partial gyra gene sequence. the lipopeptide was purified by ...	2007	17530228
tryptophan-dependent production of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) affects level of plant growth promotion by bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42.	phytohormone-like acting compounds previously have been suggested to be involved in the phytostimulatory action exerted by the plant-beneficial rhizobacterium bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42. analyses by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry performed with culture filtrates of fzb42 demonstrated the presence of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa), corroborating it as one of the pivotal plant-growth-promoting substances produced by this bacterium. in the presence ...	2007	17555270
nucleotide sequence, structural investigation and homology modeling studies of a ca2+-independent alpha-amylase with acidic ph-profile.	the novel alpha-amylase purified from locally isolated strain, bacillus sp. kr-8104, (kra) (enzyme microb technol; 2005; 36: 666-671) is active in a wide range of ph. the enzyme maximum activity is at ph 4.0 and it retains 90% of activity at ph 3.5. the irreversible thermoinactivation patterns of kra and the enzyme activity are not changed in the presence and absence of ca(2+) and edta. therefore, kra acts as a ca(2+)-independent enzyme. based on circular dichroism (cd) data from thermal unfoldi ...	2007	17562282
production and secretion stress caused by overexpression of heterologous alpha-amylase leads to inhibition of sporulation and a prolonged motile phase in bacillus subtilis.	transcriptome analysis was used to investigate the global stress response of the gram-positive bacterium bacillus subtilis caused by overproduction of the well-secreted amyq alpha-amylase from bacillus amyloliquefaciens. analyses of the control and overproducing strains were carried out at the end of exponential growth and in stationary phase, when protein secretion from b. subtilis is optimal. among the genes that showed increased expression were htra and htrb, which are part of the cssrs regul ...	2007	17586671
occupational sensitization to fungal enzymes used in animal feed industry.	industrial enzymes cause the increasing prevalence of occupational hypersensitivity. our objective was to study workers occupationally exposed to fungal enzymes in 2 animal feed factories to determine if the sensitization originated in the enzymes or was caused by the microorganism used to produce the enzymes.	2007	17587859
pathway of phytate dephosphorylation by beta-propeller phytases of different origins.	using a combination of high-performance ion chromatography analysis and kinetic studies, the pathway of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate dephosphorylation by the beta-propeller phytase of shewanella oneidensis was established, which was then compared with that of bacillus subtilis 168, bacillus amyloliquefaciens atcc 15841, and b. amyloliquefaciens 45 beta-propeller phytases. the data demonstrate that all of these beta-propeller phytases dephosphorylate myo-inositol hexakisphosphate in a stereospec ...	2007	17612603
a novel vector element providing multicopy vector integration in arxula adeninivorans.	an arxula adeninivorans vector element has been identified that provides multicopy integration in an atrp1 host strain. the element consists of the atrp1 selection marker fused to a newly generated truncated aleu2 promoter of 53 bp. in the described example eight copies of an amya expression vector encoding heterologous alpha-amylase from bacillus amyloliquefaciens are integrated in the genome of the recombinant strain instead of a single copy observed when using the atrp1 element with the compl ...	2007	17655689
comparative analysis of the complete genome sequence of the plant growth-promoting bacterium bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42.	bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 is a gram-positive, plant-associated bacterium, which stimulates plant growth and produces secondary metabolites that suppress soil-borne plant pathogens. its 3,918-kb genome, containing an estimated 3,693 protein-coding sequences, lacks extended phage insertions, which occur ubiquitously in the closely related bacillus subtilis 168 genome. the b. amyloliquefaciens fzb42 genome reveals an unexpected potential to produce secondary metabolites, including the polyke ...	2007	17704766
small rolling circle plasmids in bacillus subtilis and related species: organization, distribution, and their possible role in host physiology.	bacillus subtilis and related species (bacillus licheniformis, bacillus pumilus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and bacillus mojavensis) represent a group of bacteria largely studied and widely employed by industry. small rolling circle replicating plasmids of this group of bacteria have been intensively studied as they represent a convenient model for genetic research and for the construction of molecular tools for the genetic modification of their hosts. through the computational analysis of the ...	2007	17064773
formation of covalent beta-linked carbohydrate-enzyme intermediates during the reactions catalyzed by alpha-amylases.	porcine pancreatic and bacillus amyloliquefaciens alpha-amylases were examined for the formation of covalent carbohydrate intermediates during reaction. the enzymes were precipitated and denatured by adding 10 volumes of acetone. when these denatured enzymes were mixed with methyl alpha-6-[(3)h]-maltooligosaccharide glycosides and chromatographed on biogel p-2, no carbohydrate was found in the protein void volume peak. when the enzymes were added to the methyl alpha-6-[(3)h]-maltooligosaccharide ...	2007	17123489
yak milk casein as a functional ingredient: preparation and identification of angiotensin-i-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides.	yak milk casein derived from qula, a traditional tibetan acid curd cheese, was hydrolyzed by six commercially available proteases (trypsin, pepsin, alcalase, flavourzyme, papain and neutrase). these hydrolysates were assayed for their inhibitory activity of angiotensin-i-converting enzyme (ace). the hydrolysates obtained by neutrase from bacillus amyloliquefaciens showed the highest ace inhibitory activity. the ic50 value of neutrase-hydrolysate was 0.38 mg/ml. the hydrolysate obtained by neutra ...	2007	16987434
construction of an arxula adeninivorans host-vector system based on trp1 complementation.	a host/vector expression system based on an arxula adeninivorans delta atrp1 gene disruption mutant has been constructed. for this purpose the atrp1 gene encoding a phosphoribosyl anthranilate isomerase was isolated from the yeast a. adeninivorans and its genome locus was characterized. the delta atrp1 mutant was generated applying an amplified dna fragment containing the aleu2m gene flanked by atrp1 gene sequences of some 750 bp. the generated auxotrophic host strain was transformed with the pl ...	2007	16934902
a new function for the bacillus pbue purine base efflux pump: efflux of purine nucleosides.	the pbue (ydhl) gene from bacillus subtilis is known to encode the purine base efflux pump, and its expression is controlled by an adenine-dependent riboswitch. we cloned the pbue gene from bacillus amyloliquefaciens and examined gene expression by its own cis-acting regulatory elements in escherichia coli. regulation of pbue expression, previously found in b. subtilis, was retained in this heterologous expression: it was induced by adenine and activated by a mutation in the 5' untranslated regi ...	2007	17935948
denaturation of bacillus amyloliquefaciens alpha-amylase with urea.	the urea induced denaturation of the bacillus amyoliqefaciens alpha-amylase (e.c. 3.2.1.1) was studied by absorption measurements in the near ultra-violet region and specific activity measurements. spectral measurements were made at ph 6.9 and over the temperature range 20-80 degrees c. it has been observed that urea induced a cooperative transition. in the absence of denaturant, the gibs energy changes were in the range of 8-15 kcal mol(-1). alpha-amylase lost 80% of its activity in the concent ...	2007	19090116
physiological responses of bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores to high pressure.	pressure inactivation behavior of bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores was investigated in deionized water. the spores of b. amyloliquefaciens were subjected to 105 degrees c and 700 mpa. the magnitude of the decrease in viability after pressure treatment was similar to that after pressure treatment followed by heat shock. the increase of dipicolinic acid (dpa) release was correlated with the spore inactivation, and the hydrophobicity did not significantly change during the pressure-assisted therma ...	2007	18050959
cholesterol lowering mechanism of soybean protein hydrolysate.	numerous attempts have been made to find the mechanism and component of the cholesterol lowering activity of soybean. in this study, it was proved that the peptides in soybean protein hydrolysate (sph) made by certain proteases have a hypocholesterolemic effect. among the mechanisms suggested, that is, blockage of bile acid and/or cholesterol absorption, inhibition of cholesterol synthesis, and stimulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor (ldl-r) transcription, sph appeared to stimulate ldl-r ...	2007	18052124
effect of cultivation conditions on spore production from bacillus amyloliquefaciens b128 and its antagonism to botrytis elliptica.	to maximize spore production by bacillus amyloliquefaciens b128, and its antagonism to the fungal pathogen botrytis elliptica b061.	2008	18179538
isolation and characterization of antagonistic bacteria against bacterial leaf spot of euphorbia pulcherrima.	to investigate the inhibition potential of leaf-associated bacteria against the pathogen of bacterial leaf spot of euphorbia pulcherrima.	2008	18298451
bacillus velezensis is a later heterotypic synonym of bacillus amyloliquefaciens.	strain bcrc 14193, isolated from soil, shared more than 99 % 16s rrna gene sequence similarity with bacillus amyloliquefaciens bcrc 11601(t) and bacillus velezensis bcrc 17467(t). this strain was previously identified as b. amyloliquefaciens, based on dna-dna hybridization, but its dna relatedness value with b. velezensis bcrc 17467(t) was 89 %. to investigate the relatedness of strain bcrc 14193, b. amyloliquefaciens and b. velezensis, the partial sequence of the gene encoding the subunit b pro ...	2008	18319476
assessment of the role of chemotaxis and biofilm formation as requirements for colonization of roots and seeds of soybean plants by bacillus amyloliquefaciens bnm339.	this article correlates colonization with parameters, such as chemotaxis, biofilm formation, and bacterial growth, that are believed to be connected. we show here, by using two varieties of soybean plants that seeds axenically produced exudates, induced a chemotactic response in bacillus amyloliquefaciens, whereas root exudates did not, even when the exudates, also collected under axenic conditions, were concentrated up to 200-fold. root exudates did not support bacterial cell division, whereas ...	2008	18335278
a stochastic model for predicting dextrose equivalent and saccharide composition during hydrolysis of starch by alpha-amylase.	a stochastic model was developed that was used to describe the formation and breakdown of all saccharides involved during alpha-amylolytic starch hydrolysis in time. this model is based on the subsite maps found in literature for bacillus amyloliquefaciens alpha-amylase (baa) and bacillus licheniformis alpha-amylase (bla). carbohydrate substrates were modeled in a relatively simple two-dimensional matrix. the predicted weight fractions of carbohydrates ranging from glucose to heptasaccharides an ...	2008	18351657
phytate utilization by genetically engineered lysine-producing corynebacterium glutamicum.	heterologous expression of a phytase gene (phyc) from bacillus amyloliquefaciens dsm 7 enabled the growth of corynebacterium glutamicum with phytate (myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate) as a new, sole source of phosphorus. phytate was not used as a carbon source. during growth of the phyc-expressing amino acid (l-lysine)-producing strain c. glutamicum atcc 21253 (pwlq2::phyc) with phytate as the source of phosphorus, merely a small, transient accumulation of inorganic phosphate was observ ...	2008	18374441
genome shuffling of lactobacillus delbrueckii mutant and bacillus amyloliquefaciens through protoplasmic fusion for l-lactic acid production from starchy wastes.	current study was focused on the development of a non-fastidious lactic acid producing strain having better growth rate, low ph tolerance and good productivity by genome shuffling of a mutant strain of lactobacillus delbrueckii ncim 2025 and an amylase producing non-fastidious bacillus amyloliquefaciens atcc 23842. after the third cycle of the protoplast fusion, lactic acid production by few fusants was monitored and the best fusant was selected for further studies. optimization of the important ...	2008	18482834
identification of ldl-receptor transcription stimulating peptides from soybean hydrolysate in human hepatocytes.	soybean protein and its hydrolysate have been reported to have cholesterol-lowering property, but the responsible components are still largely unknown. in previous study, we found that soybean protein hydrolysate (sph) prepared with the protease from bacillus amyloliquefaciens fse-68, strongly stimulates transcription of low density lipoprotein receptor (ldl-r). to identify ldl-r transcription stimulating peptides in human hepatocytes, the sph was fractionated with gel permeation chromatograpy a ...	2008	18500811
auxin production and detection of the gene coding for the auxin efflux carrier (aec) protein in paenibacillus polymyxa.	different species of paenibacillus are considered to be plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) due to their ability to repress soil borne pathogens, fix atmospheric nitrogen, induce plant resistance to diseases and/or produce plant growth-regulating substances such as auxins. although it is known that indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) is the primary naturally occurring auxin excreted by paenibacillus species, its transport mechanisms (auxin efflux carriers) have not yet been characterized. in this ...	2008	18604494
transition state regulator abrb inhibits transcription of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb45 phytase through binding at two distinct sites located within the extended phyc promoter region.	we have previously identified the phyc gene of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb45, encoding extracellular phytase, as a member of the phop regulon, which is expressed only during phosphate starvation. its sigma(a)-dependent promoter is positively and negatively regulated by the phosphorylated phop response regulator in a phosphate-dependent manner (o. makarewicz, s. dubrac, t. msadek, and r. borriss, j. bacteriol. 188:6953-6965, 2006). here, we provide experimental evidence that the transcription ...	2008	18676675
an antifungal protein from bacillus amyloliquefaciens.	to isolate and characterize an antifungal protein from the culture broth of the bacterium bacillus amyloliquefaciens.	2008	19120637
environmental dynamics of bacillus amyloliquefaciens ccmi 1051 antifungal activity under different nitrogen patterns.	the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of environmental conditions on the antifungal activity of the bacillus sp. ccmi 1053 cultures.	2008	17953685
isolation of the bacillus subtilis antimicrobial peptide subtilosin from the dairy product-derived bacillus amyloliquefaciens.	to purify and characterize an antimicrobial protein (bacteriocin) isolated from the dairy product-derived bacillus amyloliquefaciens.	2008	17976171
barnase as a new therapeutic agent triggering apoptosis in human cancer cells.	rnases are currently studied as non-mutagenic alternatives to the harmful dna-damaging anticancer drugs commonly used in clinical practice. many mammalian rnases are not potent toxins due to the strong inhibition by ribonuclease inhibitor (ri) presented in the cytoplasm of mammalian cells.	2008	18560598
development of biocontrol agents from food microbial isolates for controlling post-harvest peach brown rot caused by monilinia fructicola.	an unconventional strategy of screening food microbes for biocontrol activity was used to develop biocontrol agents for controlling post-harvest peach brown rot caused by monilinia fructicola. forty-four microbial isolates were first screened for their biocontrol activity on apple fruit. compared with the pathogen-only check, seven of the 44 isolates reduced brown rot incidence by >50%, including four bacteria: bacillus sp. c06, lactobacillus sp. c03-b and bacillus sp. t03-c, lactobacillus sp. p ...	2008	18573559
response surface methodology for the optimization of alpha amylase production by bacillus amyloliquefaciens.	the aim of this work was to optimize the cultural and production parameters through the statistical approach for the synthesis of alpha amylase by bacillus amyloliquefaciens in submerged fermentation (smf) using a combination of wheat bran and groundnut oil cake (1:1) as the substrate. the process parameters influencing the enzyme production were identified using plackett-burman design. among the various variables screened, the substrate concentration, incubation period and cacl2 concentration w ...	2008	17761415
application of arabidopsis agamous second intron for the engineered ablation of flower development in transgenic tobacco.	to explore a new approach to generating reproductive sterility in transgenic plants, the barnase gene from bacillus amyloliquefaciens was placed under the control of an 1853-bp nucleotide sequence from the 3'end of the second intron of arabidopsis agamous and camv 35s (-60) minimal promoter [ag-i-35s (-60)::barnase], and was introduced into tobacco through transformation mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens. all ag-i-35s (-60)::barnase transgenic plants showed normal vegetative growth and 28% o ...	2008	17934737
purification and characterization of cellulase produced by bacillus amyoliquefaciens dl-3 utilizing rice hull.	a microorganism hydrolyzing rice hull was isolated from soil and identified as bacillus amyloliquefaciens by analysis of 16s rdna and partial sequences of the gyra gene, and named as b. amyloliquefaciens dl-3. with the analysis of sds-page, the molecular weight of the purified cellulase was estimated to be 54kda. the purified cellulase hydrolyzed avicel, caboxymethylcellulose (cmc), cellobiose, beta-glucan and xylan, but not p-nitrophenyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside (pnpg). optimum temperature and ph ...	2008	17320379
phage mu-driven two-plasmid system for integration of recombinant dna in the methylophilus methylotrophus genome.	a phage mu-driven two-plasmid system for dna integration in escherichia coli genome has been adjusted for methylophilus methylotrophus. constructed helper plasmids with broad-host-range replicons carry thermo-inducible genes for transposition factors mua and mub. integrative plasmids that are only replicated in e. coli could be mobilized to m. methylotrophus and contained mini-mu unit with a short terminus of mu dna, mu-attl/r. mini-mu unit was integrated in the m. methylotrophus genome via mobi ...	2008	18820908
peptide synthesis using carbamoylmethyl esters as acyl donors mediated by bacillus amyloliquefaciens protease.	bacillus amyloliquefaciens protease-catalyzed peptide bond formation was investigated using the carbamoylmethyl (cam) ester as the acyl donor. a series of n-protected l-amino acid cam esters were coupled with an l-amino acid amide in acetonitrile in good to excellent yields. the superiority of the cam ester for segment condensations was demonstrated in several 2+1 couplings. furthermore, the couplings of racemic amino acid cam esters as carboxyl components afforded the l-l-peptides in a highly d ...	2008	19075814
interactions of bacillus spp. and plants--with special reference to induced systemic resistance (isr).	biological control of soil-borne pathogens comprises the decrease of inoculum or of the disease producing activity of a pathogen through one or more mechanisms. interest in biological control of soil-borne plant pathogens has increased considerably in the last few decades, because it may provide control of diseases that cannot or only partly be managed by other control strategies. recent advances in microbial and molecular techniques have significantly contributed to new insights in underlying m ...	2009	18845426
structure of a switchable subtilisin complexed with a substrate and with the activator azide.	an engineered variant of the protease subtilisin from bacillus amyloliquefaciens, in which the d32a mutation renders the enzyme's activity dependent on the presence of certain small anions such as fluoride or azide, has been produced. this modified enzyme has applications as an azide or fluoride-triggered expression-purification tool. we report activity measurements showing that the enzyme is activated more than 3000-fold by azide and describe the 1.8 a resolution structure of an inactive form ( ...	2009	19761257
characterization of a 27 kda fibrinolytic enzyme from bacillus amyloliquefaciens ch51 isolated from cheonggukjang.	bacillus amyloliquefancies ch51 isolated from cheonggukjang, a traditional korean fermented soy food, has strong fibrinolytic activity and produces several fibrinolytic enzymes. among four different growth media, tryptic soy broth was the best in terms of supporting cell growth and fibrinolytic activity of this strain. a protein with fibrinolytic activity was partially purified from the culture supernatant by cmsephadex and phenyl sepharose column chromatographies. tandem mass spectrometric anal ...	2009	19809258
identification and application of aflp-derived genetic markers for quantitative pcr-based tracking of bacillus and paenibacillus spp. released in soil.	in this study, we show that noncoding sequences from amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflps) can provide robust and sensitive genetic markers suitable for pcr-based discrimination of closely related strains of bacillus and paenibacillus, and quantitative pcr (qpcr)-based tracking of the strains in complex natural systems like soil. quantitative pcr was accurate in the approximately 1 x 10(9) to approximately 1 x 10(4) colony forming units (cfu)/g soil range. the detection limit was impro ...	2009	19935889