Publications

detection of ehrlichial antigen in plasma of beagle dogs with experimental acute ehrlichia canis infection.	six beagles were experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis. all dogs developed typical clinical signs of ehrlichiosis and sero-converted. ehrlichial antigenemia in the plasma of the infected dogs was detected using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). ehrlichial antigen was present starting 15-20 days post-infection, after the development of clinical signs and antibody titre to ehrlichia canis. the appearance of ehrlichial antigen in the plasma for a relatively short and vari ...	1996	8966999
serum protein alterations in canine ehrlichiosis.	serum protein electrophoresis was performed in 42 dogs with naturally occurring ehrlichia canis infection and in 15 clinically healthy dogs (control dogs). the infected dogs were found to have a significant hypoalbuminaemia, hyperglobulinaemia and hypergammaglobulinaemia compared to the control dogs (p < 0.001). a polyclonal gammopathy was found in all but one of the infected dogs which presented a monoclonal gammopathy. alpha-1 globulin was lower while alpha-2 and beta-2 globulin concentrations ...	1996	9017886
suspected ehrlichial infection in five cats from a household.	ehrlichiosis is a poorly recognized condition of cats that may be associated with anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, or dysproteinemia. affected cats may have indirect fluorescent antibody titers to ehrlichia canis and e risticii. we reviewed the clinical evaluation and response to treatment of 5 cats in a household where ehrlichial disease was suspected as the cause of recurrent leukopenias and thrombocytopenias. all of the cats had e risticii indirect fluorescent antibody titers and western ...	1997	9018358
clinical and clinicopathologic abnormalities in greyhounds with cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy: 18 cases (1992-1994)	to determine clinical signs and clinicopathologic abnormalities in greyhounds with cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy and to determine whether there were any differences between dogs with and without renal azotemia.	1997	9074681
immunoblot analysis of the immunoglobulin g response to ehrlichia canis in dogs: an international survey.	historically, considerable variation has been reported in the type and severity of clinical and hematologic abnormalities associated with canine ehrlichiosis. because of difficulties associated with the isolation of intracellular monocytic ehrlichia species in tissue culture systems, few e. canis isolates are available for comparative microbiologic studies. to address the issue of potential e. canis antigenic diversity in different regions of the world, dog sera reactive by indirect fluorescent ...	1997	9087922
characterization of the subclinical phase of canine ehrlichiosis in experimentally infected beagle dogs.	beagle dogs were examined during the subclinical phase of canine ehrlichiosis under controlled conditions. emphasis was placed on gathering data before artificial inoculation with ehrlichia canis, and comparing these data with those of the subclinical phase of the disease. in this study all dogs were clinically healthy throughout the 6 month examination period. all subclinically infected dogs had ifa antibody titers to e. canis at a dilution varying from 1:2560 to 1:20480. the most prominent hae ...	1997	9195740
comparison of nested pcr with immunofluorescent-antibody assay for detection of ehrlichia canis infection in dogs treated with doxycycline.	a partial 16s rrna gene was amplified in ehrlichia canis-infected cells by nested pcr. the assay was specific and did not amplify the closely related ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia muris, neorickettsia helminthoeca, and sf agent 16s rrna genes. the assay was as sensitive as southern hybridization, detecting as little as 0.2 pg of e. canis dna. by this method, all blood samples from four dogs experimentally infected with e. canis were positive as early as day 4 postinoculation, which was before ...	1997	9196207
development and evaluation of a recombinant antigen, monoclonal antibody-based competitive elisa for heartwater serodiagnosis.	cowdria ruminantium is the etiologic agent of heartwater, a tick-transmitted foreign animal disease with considerable potential for entrance into the usa. a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (celisa) was developed to detect serologic responses to c. ruminantium infection. the celisa utilized a recombinant form of the c. ruminantium major antigenic protein (map-1) as the antigen and an anti-map-1 monoclonal antibody as the competing indicator reagent. experimental antisera to c. rumin ...	1997	9211230
pcr amplification and comparison of nucleotide sequences from the groesl heat shock operon of ehrlichia species.	degenerate pcr primers derived from conserved regions of the eubacterial groesl heat shock operon were used to amplify groesl sequences of ehrlichia equi, ehrlichia phagocytophila, the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge), ehrlichia canis, bartonella henselae, and rickettsia rickettsii. the groesl nucleotide sequences were less conserved than the previously determined 16s rrna gene sequences of these bacteria. a phylogenetic tree derived from deduced groel amino acid sequences was simi ...	1997	9230387
[hepatozoon canis infection of dogs in germany: case report and epidemiology].	this paper reports on a case of hepatozoonosis of a dog imported from italy to germany being additionally infected with ehrlichia canis and babesia canis. furthermore, a survey of the epidemiology of the hepatozoon canis infection is presented.	1997	9289886
different organisms associated with heartwater as shown by analysis of 16s ribosomal rna gene sequences.	cowdria ruminantium is a rickettsial parasite which causes heartwater, a economically important disease of domestic and wild ruminants in tropical and subtropical africa and parts of the caribbean. because existing diagnostic methods are unreliable, we investigated the small-subunit ribosomal rna (srrna) gene from heartwater-infected material to characterise the organisms present and to develop specific oligonucleotide probes for polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based diagnosis. dna was obtained ...	1997	9299697
thrombocytopathia and light-chain proteinuria in a dog naturally infected with ehrlichia canis.	a 6-year-old dog was presented for evaluation of recurrent epistaxis. platelet counts, biochemical tests, and coagulation tests were within the normal range, but a mucosal bleeding time was prolonged; there was hyperproteinemia and a monoclonal gammopathy. heterogeneity of light chains appeared in urine, however, thus suggesting that the gammopathy was polyclonal. platelet aggregation tests showed decreased responsiveness to collagen. an ehrlichia canis indirect fluorescent-antibody titer was po ...	1997	9348500
canine monocytic ehrlichiosis: a retrospective study of 100 cases, and an epidemiological investigation of prognostic indicators for the disease.	one hundred cases of monocytic ehrlichiosis diagnosed in israeli dogs were confirmed by the presence of anti-ehrlichia canis indirect immunofluorescent antibody titres greater than 1:40. the disease occurred in all age groups and there was no sex predilection. german shepherd dogs were significantly over-represented whereas crossbreed dogs were significantly under-represented (p > 0.0005). the most common clinical signs were depression, lethargy, lymphadenomegaly, fever, anorexia, panting, pale ...	1997	9351183
western immunoblotting analysis of the antibody responses of patients with human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis to different strains of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis.	in order to evaluate the relative sensitivity of the detection of antibodies against various antigenic proteins of ehrlichia chaffeensis for the diagnosis of the emerging infectious disease human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis, western immunoblotting was performed with 27 serum samples from convalescent patients with antibodies, as demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence assay. among 22 patients with antibodies reactive with the 120-kda protein, 15 showed reactivity with the 29/28-kda protein(s ...	1997	9384299
nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate metabolites of purine analogs. possible role as physiological mediators.		1997	229855
oxidation of fatty alcohols to acids in the caecum of a gourami (trichogaster cosby).	oxidation of fatty alcohols to acids in gourami caeca was investigated by measuring the reduction of nad+ and the formation of labeled hexadecanoic acid from [1(-14)c]hexadecanol. virtually all dehydrogenase activity is in the microsomal fraction. maximal activity is obtained with nad+ as cofactor whereas with nadp+ 60% of that activity is obtained. the enzyme is rather specific for long chain alcohols and 2 nadh are formed for each molecule of hexadecanol oxidized to acid. it is stabilized by m ...	1997	229908
[blood transfusion - practice at komagome municipal hospital. 1. specificity and adverse effects of blood transfusion (1)].		1998	105182
[comparison of 24 hours ambulatory electrocardiography and endocavitary recording in the diagnosis of heart rate disorders].	ninety symptomatic patients aged between 16 and 90 years were investigated by ambulatory continuous 24 hour electrocardiography. 75 of these patients underwent endocavitary exploration of atrioventricular conduction and sinus node function within 48 hour of ambulatory electrocardiography. symptoms occurred during the recording in 30% patients, enabling the mechanism of the malaise to be determined. every time that abnormalities in the zone surrounding the tawara node were demonstrated by endocav ...	1998	106788
child abuse and the military community.		1998	105315
[blood transfusion - practice at komagome municipal hospital. 2. specificity and adverse effects of blood transfusion (2)].		1998	105195
[a coronary care unit implements primary nursing].		1998	105178
effect of oral hypoglycaemic drugs on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in borderline diabetic patients.		1998	104897
bilateral bundle branch block producing high-grade a-v block.		1998	108060
coronary spasm with ventricular fibrillation during thyrotoxicosis: response to attaining euthyroid state.	although myocardial ischemia may occur in thyrotoxic patients with normal coronary arteries, the mechanism remains unclear. this report describes a woman with hyperthyroidism who had ventricular fibrillation during an apisode of myocardial ischemia. the event was documented with continuous ambulatory electrocardiography. subsequent angiography revealed normal coronary anatomy with spasm of the right coronary artery that disappeared after ingestion of one sublingual nitroglycerin tablet. the angi ...	1998	104611
hla b27 and the genetics of ankylosing spondylitis.	one hundred and twenty-eight of 145 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (as) were found to be hla b27 positive. five patients had evidence of a sero-negative peripheral arthritis resembling peripheral psoriatic arthritis and 3 of these were b27 negative. one further b27 negative patients had a sister with ankylosing spondylitis and ulcerative colitis and a mother with ulcerative colitis. there was evidence of a somewhat later age of onset of symptoms in b27 negative patients. these findings are ...	1998	107868
[long-term or interval therapy with antibiotics in chronic bronchitis].		1998	105221
enzymic properties of choline acetyltransferase from heads of drosophila melanogster.		1998	108360
comparisons of soybean urease isolated from seed and tissue culture.		1998	105010
immunodominant major outer membrane proteins of ehrlichia chaffeensis are encoded by a polymorphic multigene family.	several immunodominant major proteins ranging from 23 to 30 kda were identified in the outer membrane fractions of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of a 28-kda protein of e. chaffeensis (one of the major proteins) was determined. the gene (p28), almost full length, encoding the 28-kda protein was cloned by pcr with primers designed based on the n-terminal sequence of the e. chaffeensis 28-kda protein and the consensus sequence between the c termini of ...	1998	9423849
amplification of ehrlichial dna from dogs 34 months after infection with ehrlichia canis.	in order to determine whether dogs in the subclinical phase of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme) are carriers of ehrlichia canis and to determine the significance of persistent indirect immunofluorescent anti-e. canis antibody titers during this phase, pcr was performed with blood, bone marrow, and splenic aspirates collected 34 months postinoculation from six clinically healthy beagle dogs experimentally infected with e. canis. at least one of the three samples (spleen, bone marrow, and blood ...	1998	9431923
doxycycline hyclate treatment of experimental canine ehrlichiosis followed by challenge inoculation with two ehrlichia canis strains.	dogs were experimentally inoculated with ehrlichia canis florida to assess the efficacy of doxycycline hyclate for the treatment of acute ehrlichiosis. treatment with doxycycline eliminated infection in eight of eight dogs. untreated infected control dogs appeared to eliminate the infection or, alternatively, suppress the degree of ehrlichiemia to a level not detectable by tissue culture isolation or pcr or by transfusion of blood into recipient dogs. prior infection did not infer protection aga ...	1998	9527787
[imported arthropod-borne parasites and parasitic arthropods in dogs. species spectrum and epidemiologic analysis of the cases diagnosed in 1995/96].	between january 1995 and december 1996 nonendemic or only regionally occurring arthropodborne parasites including ehrlichiae and parasitic arthropods in germany were detected in 484 dogs, whereby at least 15 species were involved. listed in decreasing order, leishmania infections occurred most frequently, followed by infections/infestations with babesia canis, ehrlichia canis, rhipicephalus sanguineus, dirofilaria immitis and dermacentor reticulatus. the other species, namely babesia gibsoni, tr ...	1998	9531673
granulocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs from north carolina and virginia.	medical records of 3 dogs from north carolina and 3 dogs from virginia with ehrlichial morulae in circulating neutrophils were studied retrospectively. two clinically distinct disease syndromes, including chronic, moderate to severe anemia (n = 3) and polyarthritis (n = 2) were associated with canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (cge) in these dogs. one dog was clinically healthy, and abnormalities were not detected during physical examination. clinical signs were nonspecific and included fever, le ...	1998	9560760
a survey of tick-borne bacteria and protozoa in naturally exposed dogs from israel.	antibody reactivity against seven bacterial or protozoal pathogens was measured in sera derived from 40 dogs suspected of a tick-borne disease. sera from 73% (29/40) of the dogs reacted with three or more test antigens. seroreactivity was most prevalent to babesia canis antigen (90%) followed by babesia gibsoni (75%), ehrlichia canis (63%), rickettsia conorii--moroccan strain (58%), rickettsia conorii--israeli strain no. 2 (28%), borrelia burgdorferi (10%) or bartonella vinsonii (berkhoffii) (10 ...	1998	9561701
experimental transmission of ehrlichia canis (rickettsiales: ehrlichieae) by dermacentor variabilis (acari: ixodidae).	four trials were conducted in which laboratory-reared dermacentor variabilis nymphs were exposed to ehrlichia canis by feeding on experimentally infected dogs as soon as classical morulae were detected in peripheral blood monocytes. after molting 25, 50 or 90 adult tick pairs were permitted to feed on 7 ehrlichia-naive dogs. transmission occurred in trials 1 (1/1 dog), 3 (1/1 dog) and 4 (2/2 dogs) but not in trial 2 (0/3 dogs), with 4 of 7 dogs becoming infected. successful transstadial transmis ...	1998	9561712
antibody response to hepatozoon canis in experimentally infected dogs.	canine hepatozoonosis is a disease caused by the tick-borne protozoan hepatozoon canis. five puppies were inoculated by ingestion of rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks experimentally infected with h. canis, and all became infected with h. canis: gametocytes were detected in blood smears from four dogs and schizonts were observed in the spleen and bone marrow of the fifth. antibodies reactive with h. canis gametocytes were detected by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifa), with igm detected in ...	1998	9561714
investigation of splenic functions in canine monocytic ehrlichiosis.	in order to determine the role of the spleen in the pathogenesis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme), the effect of splenectomy on the course of the acute phase of experimental was investigated. intact and splenectomized dogs, sero-negative for ehrlichia canis antibodies, were infected with the israeli strain of e. canis. serology, clinical signs and haematological parameters were recorded prior to infection, and over a period of 60 days post infection, and were compared between the intact an ...	1998	9618865
molecular characterization of a 28 kda surface antigen gene family of the tribe ehrlichiae.	antisera against different ehrlichiae recognize an immunodominant, cross-reacting approximately 28 kda surface antigen defined as the map1 in cowdria ruminantium. these antigens are considered valuable in developing serodiagnostic tests and recombinant vaccines for ehrlichiae infections. to evaluate the relationship in three closely related ehrlichiae, ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia canis, and c. ruminantium, the structure of the 28 kda antigen genes was analyzed. we describe the cloning and c ...	1998	9647746
therapeutic effect of doxycycline in experimental subclinical canine monocytic ehrlichiosis: evaluation of a 6-week course.	the efficacy of doxycycline treatment (10 mg/kg of body weight every 24 h for 42 days) in eliminating ehrlichia canis from four subclinically infected dogs was evaluated. one dog remained pcr positive, suggesting that 6 weeks of doxycycline treatment may not be sufficient to clear e. canis parasites from all subclinically infected dogs. serology (indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay) was shown to be unreliable in assessing recovery from the carrier state, as anti-e. canis antibodies persist ...	1998	9650986
survey of tick-borne diseases in dogs infested with rhipicephalus sanguineus at a kennel in okayama prefecture, japan.	serological tests were performed to investigate extent of tick-borne diseases in dogs infested with rhipicephalus sanguineus at a kennel in okayama prefecture. three of 22 dogs (13.6%) were positive for ehrlichia canis. two of 19 dogs (10.5%) were positive for rickettsia japonica. three of 22 dogs (13.6%) were positive for babesia gibsoni. none of these animals were positive for coxiella burnetii or hepatozoon canis. a microfilaria was detected in a drop smear of hemolymph from an engorged femal ...	1998	9673953
sequential evaluation of dogs naturally infected with ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia equi, ehrlichia ewingii, or bartonella vinsonii.	historically, disease manifestations in dogs seroreactive to ehrlichia canis antigens by indirect immunofluorescent antibody testing have been attributed to infection with either e. canis or ehrlichia ewingii. a 1996 study by dawson and colleagues provided pcr evidence that healthy dogs from southeastern virginia could be naturally infected with ehrlichia chaffeensis. this observation stimulated us to determine which ehrlichia spp. infected sick dogs that were referred to our hospital from the s ...	1998	9705408
cloning and characterization of multigenes encoding the immunodominant 30-kilodalton major outer membrane proteins of ehrlichia canis and application of the recombinant protein for serodiagnosis.	a 30-kda major outer membrane protein of ehrlichia canis, the agent of canine ehrlichiosis, is the major antigen recognized by both naturally and experimentally infected dog sera. the protein cross-reacts with a serum against a recombinant 28-kda protein (rp28), one of the outer membrane proteins of a gene (omp-1) family of ehrlichia chaffeensis. two dna fragments of e. canis were amplified by pcr with two primer pairs based on the sequences of e. chaffeensis omp-1 genes, cloned, and sequenced. ...	1998	9705412
acute blindness associated with monoclonal gammopathy induced by ehrlichia canis infection.	ehrlichia canis infection was diagnosed in a labrador retriever presented with a primary complaint of acute blindness. ocular signs on admission included bilateral hyphema, retinal haemorrhage and retinal detachment. serum protein electrophoresis results revealed monoclonal gammopathy. this report discusses and suggests the pathogenesis of ocular bleeding in canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. blood hyperviscosity, elevation in oncotic pressure, vasculitis, thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction a ...	1998	9735920
lack of susceptibility of ehrlichia canis to imidocarb dipropionate in vitro.	in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing was used to compare the efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate and doxycycline on the growth of ehrlichia canis in dh82 cell cultures. over a 9-day period there were no significant differences (p < 0.01) in the growth of e. canis in untreated control wells and those to which imidocarb dipropionate was added at 1.2, 2.4, 4.8 or 12 micrograms/ml for the 1st 3 days. average infection rates rose from 50 to 55% on day 0 to 100% on day 5 or 6. doxycycline at 1 ...	1998	9760397
characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the 44-kilodalton major outer membrane protein of the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent.	the major outer membrane proteins (omps) of the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge) agent, with molecular sizes of 44 to 47 kda, are immunodominant antigens in human infection. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the omps were made by immunizing balb/c mice with the purified hge agent and then by fusing spleen cells with myeloma cells. the immunologic specificities of three mabs (3e65, 5c11, and 5d13) were examined with five human hge agent isolates and one tick isolate. by western blot analysis, ...	1998	9774579
seroprevalence of ehrlichia canis and of canine granulocytic ehrlichia infection in dogs in switzerland.	serum samples from 996 dogs in switzerland were examined for antibodies to ehrlichia canis and to the agent causing canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (cge). ehrlichiosis, borreliosis, and systemic illness not associated with ticks were suspected in 75, 122, and 157 of these dogs, respectively. the remainder of the serum samples were obtained from clinically healthy dogs which resided north (n = 235) or south (n = 407) of the alps. the serum samples were tested by an indirect immunofluorescence te ...	1998	9817854
a molecular and serologic survey of ehrlichia canis, e. chaffeensis, and e. ewingii in dogs and ticks from oklahoma.	polymerase chain reaction and southern hybridization were used to survey for the presence of ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia chaffeensis, and ehrlichia ewingii in blood samples of 65 dogs that harbored ticks from northcentral and northeastern oklahoma. dog blood samples were also examined for antibodies against e. canis and e. chaffeensis, using an immunofluorescent antibody test. ten of 65 dogs (15.4%) examined were positive for ehrlichia spp. by pcr. four (6.2%) were positive for e. ewingii, 2 (3.1 ...	1998	9831955
[ehrlichia canis infections of dogs in germany. epidemiology, diagnosis, therapy and prophylaxis].	between january and december 1997 infections with ehrlichia canis were detected in 211 dogs in germany. of the 53 epidemiologically evaluable dogs, 19 animals born and raised in germany had travelled with their owners abroad in endemic areas, 30 dogs originated from there and four dogs had never left germany. as regards to the possible location of infection it has been registered that most dogs had been taken to countries of the mediterranean sea (spain, france, italy, greece) or had been import ...	1998	9857421
kinetics of serologic cross-reactions between ehrlichia canis and the ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroups in experimental e. canis infection in dogs.	the serological cross-reactions between the ehrlichia canis and ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroups, and the kinetics of development of antibodies in dogs to the e. phagocytophila group after artificial infection with the israeli strain of e. canis was investigated. results of this study indicate that the development of antibodies to the e. phagocytophila genogroup in dogs after infection with e. canis is a time dependent event probably conditional on the continued propagation of the rickettsia ...	1998	9880101
serological survey for antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis and e. chaffeensis in dogs from the bloemfontein area, south africa.	sera from 161 dogs in the bloemfontein area in south africa were tested for the presence of antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis and e. chaffeensis by indirect fluorescent antibody testing. overall, 68 (42%) of the dogs had significant antibody titres (> or = 1/64) against e. canis and 61 (38%) had significant titres (> or = 1/64) against e. chaffeensis. seven (11%) dogs had higher titres to e. chaffeensis than e. canis (1/2048 and 1/1024 (2 dogs); 1/1024 and 1/512 (2 dogs); 1/2048 and 1/512 ...	1998	10192085
the map1 gene of cowdria ruminantium is a member of a multigene family containing both conserved and variable genes.	heartwater is an economically important disease of ruminants caused by the tick-transmitted rickettsia cowdria ruminantium. the disease is present in africa and the caribbean and there is a risk of spread to the americas, particularly because of a clinically asymptomatic carrier state in infected livestock and imported wild animals. the causative agent is closely related taxonomically to the human and animal pathogens ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis. a dominant immune response of infec ...	1999	10198207
molecular cloning of the gene for a conserved major immunoreactive 28-kilodalton protein of ehrlichia canis: a potential serodiagnostic antigen.	a gene encoding a 28-kda protein of ehrlichia canis was cloned, sequenced, and expressed, and a comparative molecular analysis with homologous genes of e. canis, cowdria ruminantium, and ehrlichia chaffeensis was performed. the complete gene has an 834-bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 278 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 30.5 kda. an n-terminal signal sequence was identified, suggesting that the protein undergoes posttranslational modification to a mature 27.7-kda protei ...	1999	10225842
antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroup antigens and the spotted fever group rickettsial antigens, in free-ranging jackals (canis aureus syriacus) from israel.	a seroepidemiological survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence of antibodies reactive with the ehrlichia canis and ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroup antigens, and the spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae antigens in jackals in israel (canis aureus syriacus), to assess the possible role of the jackal in the epidemiology of these diseases. fifty-three serum samples from jackals were assayed by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test. antibodies to e. canis were detected in 35.8% ...	1999	10321583
coinfection with multiple tick-borne pathogens in a walker hound kennel in north carolina.	both dogs and humans can be coinfected with various ehrlichia, bartonella, rickettsia, and babesia species. we investigated a kennel of sick walker hounds and their owners in southeastern north carolina for evidence of tick-borne infections and associated risk factors. a high degree of coinfection was documented in the dog population. of the 27 dogs, 26 were seroreactive to an ehrlichia sp., 16 to babesia canis, and 25 to bartonella vinsonii, and 22 seroconverted to rickettsia rickettsii antigen ...	1999	10405413
variability in the 28-kda surface antigen protein multigene locus of isolates of the emerging disease agent ehrlichia chaffeensis suggests that it plays a role in immune evasion.	infections caused by rickettsial pathogens persist in vertebrate hosts for long periods of time, despite the active host immune response. we recently described the multigene locus encoding 28 kda surface antigen proteins (28 kda saps) for two closely related rickettsials, ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis (reddy, g. r., et al. (1998) biochem. biophys. res. commun. 247, 636-643), that share extensive structural homology to antigenic variant surface protein genes of neisseria and borrelia ...	1999	10425222
efficacy of enrofloxacin for the treatment of experimentally induced ehrlichia canis infection.		1999	10499737
bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and related members of the alpha subdivision of the proteobacteria in dogs with cardiac arrhythmias, endocarditis, or myocarditis.	cardiac arrhythmias, endocarditis, or myocarditis was identified in 12 dogs, of which 11 were seroreactive to bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii antigens. historical abnormalities were highly variable but frequently included substantial weight loss, syncope, collapse, or sudden death. fever was an infrequently detected abnormality. cardiac disease was diagnosed following an illness of short duration in most dogs, but a protracted illness of at least 6 months' duration was reported for fou ...	1999	10523564
emergence of anaplasma marginale antigenic variants during persistent rickettsemia.	anaplasma marginale is an ehrlichial pathogen of cattle, in the order rickettsiales, that establishes persistent cyclic rickettsemia in the infected host. within each rickettsemic cycle, a. marginale expressing antigenically variant major surface protein 2 (msp2) emerge. by cloning 17 full-length msp2 transcripts expressed during cyclic rickettsemia, we determined that emergent variants have a single, central hypervariable region encoding variant b-cell epitopes. the n- and c-terminal regions ar ...	1999	10531237
serosurvey of ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis infection in dogs in yamaguchi prefecture, japan.	antibodies to ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis in dogs at the animal hospital in yamaguchi university were surveyed and potential risk factors for both pathogens were evaluated. among 430 dogs examined, 20 (4.7%) and 18 (4.2%) dogs showed positive findings for e. canis and h. canis, respectively. neither, sex nor age was associated with the seropositivity of either pathogen, but the positive rate in dogs kept outside was slightly higher than that in dogs kept inside for both pathogens. a hig ...	1999	10563295
platelet-associated immunoglobulin (antiplatelet antibody) in canine rocky mountain spotted fever and ehrlichiosis.	antiplatelet antibodies were detected in the sera of dogs with naturally occurring and experimentally induced rickettsia rickettsii and ehrlichia canis infections. this is the first known report documenting elevated platelet-associated immunoglobulin (paig) titers in rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) infections. in the naturally occurring rmsf infections and ehrlichiosis, the antibodies persisted for weeks or months, even when the platelet counts had normalized. results of this study indicate ...	1999	9934930
potential value of major antigenic protein 2 for serological diagnosis of heartwater and related ehrlichial infections.	cowdria ruminantium is the etiologic agent of heartwater, a disease causing major economic loss in ruminants in sub-saharan africa and the caribbean. development of a serodiagnostic test is essential for determining the carrier status of animals from regions where heartwater is endemic, but most available tests give false-positive reactions with sera against related erhlichia species. current approaches rely on molecular methods to define proteins and epitopes that may allow specific diagnosis. ...	1999	10066656
serological evidence of infection with ehrlichia spp. in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in switzerland.	serum samples from 1,550 red foxes in switzerland were tested for antibodies to the agents of canine granulocytic and monocytic ehrlichiosis by an indirect immunofluorescent technique. forty-four (2.8%) of the samples were positive for ehrlichia phagocytophila, which is an antigen marker for granulocytic ehrlichiosis. in contrast, none of the samples had antibodies specific to ehrlichia canis, the agent of monocytic ehrlichiosis.	1999	10074544
infection of small ruminants with ehrlichia spp. in sicily.	in 1991, the experimental infection of a goat with pooled blood from goats that were positive for anti-ehrlichia canis, e. risticii, e. equi and e. phagocytophila antibodies was monitored (physical examination, cell blood count, microscopical examination of blood smears, serology) for 180 days. the infection produced a clinical condition characterized by intermittent fever, anaemia and leukopenia with neutropenia during the first 40 days. recurrent leukocytosis with lymphocytosis was noticed aft ...	1999	11071551
[irradiation combined with bleomycin. 5-year results with 27 o.r.l. epitheliomas (proceedings)].		1999	85709
axonal transport of lipid in goldfish optic axons.	after injection of labeled glycerol, choline, or serine into the eye of goldfish, labeled lipids were axonally transported along the optic nerve to the optic tectum. although the different precursors were presumably incorporated into somewhat different lipid populations, all three were approximately equally effective in labeling the lipids transported to the tectum, but the amount of transported material remaining in the nerve was different, being highest with choline and lowest with serine. the ...	1999	85271
ultrastructural cytochemistry of basophils in chronic myelocytic leukemia.		1999	84767
porphyria cutanea tarda associated with lymphoma.	three patients with porphyria cutanea tarda and lymphoma were seen at the mayo clinic. in one patient, the signs and symptoms of porphyria cutanea tarda and lymphoma occurred simultaneously, whereas in the other two, the porphyria was seen before the lymphoma occurred, three years before in one and one and a half years before in the other. involvement of liver or marrow was not related to the development of porphyria cutanea tarda in any of the 3 patients. the porphyria cutanea tarda was not eas ...	1999	84468
serologic studies in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: a review.	careful study of inflammatory and immunologic parameters in jra and other connective tissue diseases of childhood has contributed to our current understanding of these diseases. examination of serum for acute phase reactants, and antibodies to immunoglobulin antigens and nuclear antigens, combined with radiologic evaluation of symptomatic joints and, when indicated, examination of joint fluid or synovial membrane, may confirm the diagnosis of jra. changes in inflammatory indicators can be used a ...	1999	95662
susceptibility to diphtheria.		1999	85838
does driving cause cancer and diabetes?		1999	88661
prenatal diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.		1999	91004
chunking in recall of symbolic drawings.		1999	88658
an ethological analysis of long stay hospitalized psychiatric patients. senders and receivers in social interaction.	ethological methods were employed to monitor social interaction among 24 long stay male patients on a psychiatric ward. most were diagnosed as schizophrenic. analysis was made using four molar behavioral groupings: assertive, altruistic, cigarette, and verbal. within each grouping social behavior was divided into two categories: sending and receiving. patients were ranked in an interactional scale and divided into three groups on the basis of the amount of social interaction: top, middle, and bo ...	1999	115965
alpha fetoprotein levels in amniotic fluid and maternal serum and their use in screening in pregnancy.	during the period january 1975--july 1977 alpha fetoprotein was measured in 263 amniotic fluid samples and 44 maternal serum samples taken in the second trimester of pregnancy. the importance of careful interpretation of results is discussed.	1999	85285
eye findings in the diagnosis of fabry's disease. patients with renal failure.	two patients underwent renal transplantation for what was thought to be glomerulonephritis and chronic pyelonephritis. the diagnosis of fabry's disease was made as an incidental finding during an ophthalmologic consultation for evaluation of blurred vision. these two cases illustrate the usefulness of an eye examination in the correct diagnosis in patients with the multisystem complaints of fabry's disease. the correct diagnosis was extremely important in understanding the other manifestations o ...	2000	97403
recent advances in the immunodiagnosis of cancer.		2000	87017
if i were a dean...		2000	87567
fluorescence polarization and pulse width analysis of chromosomes by a flow system.	isolated chinese hamster chromosomes have been analyzed using a multiparameter computer-controlled cell sorter to obtain information about unique properties of individual chromosomes. parameters other than dna content were sought that would further aid in distinguishing among chromosomes. the polarized emission of the dna-specific bis-benzimidazole dye hoechst 33342 was measured for each class of chromosomes identified by a distinct peak, i.e., differeing in dna content. the emission anisotropy ...	2000	86570
two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography for the screening of disorders of purine and pyrimidine metabolism.	a method is presented for the two-dimensional thin-layer chromatographic screening of purines, pyrimidines and their nucleosides in the urine. prior to chromatography, isolation of these substances from the urine is performed by anion-exchange column chromatography. purines and pyramidines are quantitatively eluted with formic acid 0.01 m and 4 m respectively. the results of recovery and stability experiments are given. normal excretory patterns are presented. also results in patients with vario ...	2000	95907
comparison of metal complexes between depyruvamide bleomycin and bleomycin: an important effect of axial donor on metal coordination and oxygen activation.		2000	88941
differential association of fetal antigen with hepatoma tissue grown in vivo and in vitro.		2000	86446
[allergic complications in treatment with beta-lactam antibiotics].		2000	86323
[triaminotricarboxylic amino acid oxidation productions of actinoidin and ristomycin].	aromatic acids with three benzene nuclei bound through oxygen were obtained from actinoidin and ristomycin on their oxydation with permanganates of methylated aglycones and peptides. the structures of the methyl esters of these acids were determined by spectral methods. they are the following: methyl-3,5-bis-(4-methoxycarbonyl-phenoxy)-4-methoxybenzoate (from ristomycin) and methyl-3-(2-chlor-4-methoxycarbonyl-phenoxy)-5-(4-methoxycarbonyl-phenoxy)-4-methoxybenzoate (from actinoidin). the compou ...	2000	87147
cobalt staining of actinia equina nematocysts.	nematocysts of actinia equina are stained black by incubation in 2% cocl2 followed by an aqueous wash and h2s treatment. they are also stained positively by morin. nematocysts isolated from the acrorhage were found to have a high concentration of calcium of which only 30% was "free." it is suggested that the high concentration of calcium in the nematocysts accounts for their staining by cobalt and morin. cobalt staining offers a simple and effective technique for investigation of nemotocysts.	2000	87038
canine ehrlichiosis caused simultaneously by ehrlichia canis and ehrlichia platys.	to identify the causative agent of canine ehrlichiosis that has occurred in the suburbs of guangzhou, china, since 1998, the 16s rrna gene was amplified and sequenced. two sequences of 1,482 and 1,483 base pairs were obtained and named as gzh981 and gzh982, respectively. the level of similarity of these two was 91.50%, and gzh981 closely resembled the 16s rrna gene of ehrlichia canis, whereas gzh982 resembled ehrlichia platys. we therefore conclude that e. canis and e. platys together caused rec ...	2000	11092236
ectoparasites of dogs belonging to people in resource-poor communities in north west province, south africa.	a total of 344 dogs belonging to people in resource-poor communities in north west province, south africa, was examined for ectoparasites, and all visible arthropods were collected from the left side of each dog. by doubling these numbers it was estimated that the dogs harboured 14,724 ixodid ticks, belonging to 6 species, 1,028 fleas, belonging to 2 species, and 26 lice. haemaphysalis leachi accounted for 420 and rhipicephalus sanguineus for 14,226 of the ticks. pure infestations of h. leachi w ...	2000	11205167
survey of canine babesiosis in south africa.	a questionnaire, designed to obtain qualitative information on a number of variables concerning canine babesiosis (biliary fever) in south africa, was sent to 510 veterinary practices in late 1993. of the 157 practices that responded, all were presented with cases of babesiosis and most were situated in gauteng, the western cape and kwazulu-natal. apart from the western cape, a winter-rainfall region, the prevalence of babesiosis cases in dogs was highest in summer. most of the respondent practi ...	2000	11205168
glycosylation of homologous immunodominant proteins of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis.	the glycoprotein genes of ehrlichia chaffeensis (1,644 bp) and ehrlichia canis (2,064 bp) encode proteins of 548 to 688 amino acids with predicted molecular masses of only 61 and 73 kda but with electrophoretic mobilities of 120 kda (p120) and 140 kda (p140), respectively. the 120-kda protein gene of e. chaffeensis contains four identical 240-bp tandem repeat units, and the 140-kda protein gene of e. canis has 14 nearly identical, tandemly arranged 108-bp repeat units. conserved serine-rich moti ...	2000	10603362
molecular cloning and characterization of the 120-kilodalton protein gene of ehrlichia canis and application of the recombinant 120-kilodalton protein for serodiagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis.	the 120-kda outer membrane protein (p120) is a potential adhesin of ehrlichia chaffeensis, and recombinant p120 is very useful for serodiagnosis of human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis. the analogous gene of p120 in ehrlichia canis was cloned, sequenced, and expressed. like the e. chaffeensis p120, the e. canis p120 contains tandem repeat units. however, neither the repeat number nor the amino acid sequences in the repeats are identical in the two ehrlichia species. the repeat units are hydrophilic ...	2000	10618118
seroprevalence of ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia equi, and ehrlichia risticii in sick dogs from north carolina and virginia.	ehrlichia canis, e. equi, and e. risticii seroprevalence was determined by microimmunofluorescent antibody testing (ifa) in a sequential population of 1,845 sick dogs admitted during a 1-year period to the north carolina state university veterinary teaching hospital. a seroreactor was defined by a reciprocal ifa titer of > or =80 to e. canis, e. equi, or e. risticii antigens. of the 48 ifa seroreactors, 44 dogs were seroreactive to e. canis, 21 to e. equi, and 0 to e. risticii. seventeen dogs re ...	2000	10668817
comparison of a clinic-based elisa test kit with the immunofluorescence test for the assay of ehrlichia canis antibodies in dogs.	the "gold standard" for the detection of antibodies to ehrlichia canis, the cause of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme), is the indirect immunofluorescence antibody (ifa) test. the ifa test however is generally available only in selected laboratories and requires extensive equipment and trained personnel. a double-blind study was conducted to compare the ability of an in-clinic standardized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) test kit to measure e. canis igg antibodies in dogs compared wi ...	2000	10826837
is the detection of anti-rhipicephalus sanguineus (rs24p) antibodies a valuable epidemiological tool of tick infestation in dogs?	antibodies against the 24 kda rhipicephalus sanguineus (rs24p) protein were detected by elisa to evaluate the relationship between antibodies and tick infestation. the mean titer of 3 dogs that underwent 2 experimental infestations with adult ticks was transiently increased after the second infestation. there was a significant difference in mean titers between positive control dogs naturally infested with ticks and tick-naive dogs. these results suggested that anti-rs24p antibodies detected by e ...	2000	10863953
canine monocytic ehrlichiosis presenting as acute blindness 36 months after importation into the uk.	a four-year-old labrador retriever developed sudden-onset blindness, associated with bilateral uveitis, intraocular haemorrhage and retinal detachment. it had been imported into the uk from sardinia 36 months before presentation. haematological abnormalities included non-regenerative anaemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. serum and urine protein electrophoresis demonstrated a monoclonal gammopathy. an immunofluorescent antibody test for ehrlichia canis was positive, with a titre of 1:320, co ...	2000	10879405
cyclic cd8+ lymphopenia in dogs experimentally infected with bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii.	until recently, it was presumed that bartonella vinsonii only infected voles, a species of north american rodents. in april of 1993, however, our laboratory isolated a novel subspecies of b. vinsonii (b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii) from the blood of a dog diagnosed with vegetative valvular endocarditis. subsequently, based on a seroepidemiologic survey of dogs from north carolina and virginia presenting for a variety of medical problems, we found evidence supporting a potentially important assoc ...	2000	10889298
a conserved, transcriptionally active p28 multigene locus of ehrlichia canis.	antigenic diversity of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis may involve independent or differential expression of the p28 outer membrane proteins genes, enabling persistent infections of the natural hosts. in this study, we analyzed the transcriptional activity of a five gene locus in e. canis encoding homologous, but non-identical, p28 genes. the p28 multigene locus contained three previously identified complete gene sequences and one partial gene sequence. a new p28 gene was identified an ...	2000	10974556
efficacy of a modified polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of ehrlichia canis infection.	detection of ehrlichia canis in acutely infected and convalescent dogs is important for effective treatment and control. however, accurate detection has been difficult to achieve, in part because dogs that have been treated therapeutically often remain seropositive for extended periods. a new method, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay using biotinylated e. canis-specific primers (pcr-bp), was developed for detection of e. canis. four dogs experimentally infected with e. canis by intravenous i ...	2000	11021435
monoclonal antibody binding to a surface-exposed epitope on cowdria ruminantium that is conserved among eight strains.	monoclonal antibodies (mab) binding to cowdria ruminantium elementary bodies (eb) were identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and surface binding of one mab (446.15) to intact eb was determined by immunofluorescence, immunogold labeling, and transmission electron microscopy. mab 446.15 bound an antigen of approximately 43 kda in immunoblots of eight geographically distinct strains. the mab did not react with ehrlichia canis antigens or uninfected bovine endothelial cell lysate and may ...	2000	11063511
detection of platelet-bound antibodies in beagle dogs after artificial infection with ehrlichia canis.	six dogs were infected with ehrlichia canis by intravenous injection of heavily infected dh82 cells. all dogs developed typical signs of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. using flow cytometric technology, platelet-bound igg (pbigg) were detected in 5 of the 6 dogs after experimental infection with e. canis over a period of 3-10 days post infection (pi). the first detection of pbigg was made as early as day 3 pi in 2 out of 6 dogs, and on day 5 pi in 1 dog. on day 7 pi, pbigg was detected in 2 dogs, ...	2000	11068072
standardization of the diagnostic criteria for canine ehrlichiosis. towards a universal case definition.	canine ehrlichiosis is a highly variable syndrome presenting a significant differential diagnostic difficulty. it imitates many metabolic and infectious diseases and lacks standardized diagnostic criteria, common reagents, and database resources. a clinical diagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis may be based on the manifestation of fever, thrombocytopenia, anorexia, nasolacrimal discharge, epistaxis, and exclusion of autoimmune and common canine vector borne diseases. these parameters are not invariab ...	2000	11193652
evaluation of a polyvalent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay incorporating a recombinant p44 antigen for diagnosis of granulocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs and horses.	to develop and evaluate a polyvalent elisa incorporating a highly specific recombinant antigen (p44) for diagnosis of granulocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs and horses.	2001	11197555