Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| size dependent variation in the fractal dimensions of herpes simplex epithelial keratitis. | dendritic ulcers, the commonest manifestation of herpes simplex epithelial keratitis (hsek) are fractals. it is likely that their fractal properties alter if they progress to a geographic appearance. this study investigates the relationship of maximum ulcer diameter (feret's diameter) to area (dm) and perimeter fractal dimensions (ds), parameters of the complexity of their areas and outlines respectively. for dendritic ulcers in the size range of 1.6-3.2 mm, dm = 1.41 +/- 0.06 and ds = 1.40 +/- ... | 1993 | 8306714 |
| the herpes simplex virus type i origin binding protein. dna-dependent nucleoside triphosphatase activity. | a recombinant baculovirus overexpressing the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) origin binding protein, encoded by the ul9 gene, was constructed. the purified recombinant protein has dna-dependent nucleoside triphosphatase activity similar to the enzyme isolated from mammalian cells. optimal nucleoside triphosphatase activity requires low salt (< 50 mm), 2-3 mm mg2+, alkaline ph (8.3-9.5), high temperature (45 degrees c), and a single-stranded dna coeffector containing minimal secondary structu ... | 1993 | 8380407 |
| mutations in herpes simplex virus type 1 genes encoding vp5 and vp23 abrogate capsid formation and cleavage of replicated dna. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 capsid is composed of seven capsid proteins which are termed vp5, vp19c, vp21, vp22a, vp23, vp24, and vp26. major capsid protein vp5 is encoded by the gene ul19. ul18, whose transcript is 3' coterminal with that of vp5, specifies capsid protein vp23. vero cell lines have been isolated that are transformed with either the bglii n (ul19) or ecori g (ul16 to ul21) fragment of kos. these cell lines, selected for the ability to support the replication of a temperature- ... | 1993 | 8382300 |
| hsv-1 vector-mediated gene transfer of the human nerve growth factor receptor p75hngfr defines high-affinity ngf binding. | a series of recombinant herpes simplex virus (hsv-1) vectors have been constructed that encode either the full-length cdna of the human p75 ngf receptor (p75hngfr) or truncated forms of the receptor. infection of cultured fibroblast cells with viral stocks results in abundant expression of all three cdnas, as detected by affinity cross-linking, immunoblot analysis, and equilibrium binding. furthermore, viral infection of primary neuronal cultures gives easily detectable p75 expression by immunof ... | 1993 | 8382740 |
| the herpes simplex virus type 1 us11 gene product is a phosphorylated protein found to be non-specifically associated with both ribosomal subunits. | microsequencing of a cyanogen bromide peptide obtained from a basic phosphoprotein co-sedimenting with purified ribosomes extracted from herpes simplex virus type 1-infected human epidermoid carcinoma 2 cells identified this protein as a product of the true late us11 gene. an antibody was raised against a recombinant fusion protein expressed in escherichia coli from a plasmid carrying 75% of the us11 coding sequence including the carboxy terminus. this antibody was used to probe western blots ca ... | 1993 | 8383175 |
| binding sites for the herpes simplex virus immediate-early protein icp4 impose an increased dependence on viral dna replication on simple model promoters located in the viral genome. | we examined the ability of binding sites for the herpes simplex virus immediate-early protein icp4 to alter the regulation of closely linked promoters by placing strong icp4 binding sites upstream or downstream of simple tata promoters in the intact viral genome. we found that binding sites strongly reduced the levels of expression at early times postinfection and that this effect was partially overcome after the onset of viral dna replication. these data confirm that dna-bound icp4 can inhibit ... | 1993 | 8230448 |
| induction of bilateral retinal necrosis in mice by unilateral intracameral inoculation of a glycoprotein-c deficient clinical isolate of herpes simplex virus type 1. | herpes simplex virus can cause acute retinal necrosis, a blinding retinal disease in man. a unilateral intracameral inoculation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) in mice induces retinal necrosis primarily in the contralateral eye and provides an experimental model for the disease. previous studies suggested that a major envelope glycoprotein of hsv-1, glycoprotein c (gc), is required for retinal necrosis. we studied hsv-1 strain tn-1, a gc-deficient clinical isolated from a lesion of herpet ... | 1993 | 8385909 |
| varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 10 protein, the herpes simplex virus vp16 homolog, transactivates herpesvirus immediate-early gene promoters. | the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 10 (orf10) protein is the homolog of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) protein vp16. these are two virion tegument proteins that have extensive amino acid sequence identity in their amino-terminal and middle domains. orf10, however, lacks the acidic carboxy terminus which is critical for transactivation by vp16. earlier studies showed that vzv orf10 does not form a tertiary complex with the taatgarat regulatory element (where r is a purin ... | 1993 | 8386275 |
| the ggtca palindrome and cognate cellular factors in trans-regulation of human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat by herpes simplex virus. | molecular interactions between herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) were investigated in the promonocytic cell line u937. hsv-1-mediated activation was observed in transient expression assays with hybrid constructions containing the hiv long terminal repeat (ltr)-directed chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene. comparison of constructions that differ in the ggtca palindrome located within the negative regulatory region of the ltr revealed four- to eightfold ... | 1993 | 8385697 |
| altering central nervous system physiology with a defective herpes simplex virus vector expressing the glucose transporter gene. | because of their postmitotic nature, neurons are difficult subjects for gene transfer. to circumvent this, we have used a defective herpes simplex virus vector to overexpress the rat brain glucose transporter (gt) gene under the control of the human cytomegalovirus ie1 promoter. this vector, designated vie1gt, was propagated using a herpes simplex virus type 1 temperature-sensitive mutant, ts756. gt expressed from vie1gt was readily immunoprecipitated from membrane fractions of vie1gt-infected v ... | 1993 | 8386379 |
| age distribution of latent herpes simplex virus 1 and varicella-zoster virus genome in human nervous tissue. | latency in nervous tissue caused by herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and by varicella-zoster virus (vzv) is an intriguing feature of herpes-virus' neurotropism. hsv-1 and vzv latency are the causes of ophthalmic zoster and recurrent hsv infections in the distributions of the trigeminal branches. hsv-1 neuronal latency may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of hsv encephalitis. we attempted to determine the prevalence and age distribution of vzv and hsv latency. we applied nested polymerase chain ... | 1993 | 8389816 |
| direct identification of herpes simplex virus type-1 in human corneal tissue. methodology and application of in situ dna hybridization technique. | the definitive diagnosis and determination of recurrence of herpes simplex keratitis are still difficult in clinical ophthalmology. at present, isolation of virus by tissue culture is perhaps the best method for establishing a specific aetiological diagnosis of viral infection. but due to its complicated and time-consuming procedures, the application of tissue culture for virus isolation in clinical work is still limited. in situ dna hybridization is a specific and quick technique for directly d ... | 1993 | 8389272 |
| varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 61 protein transactivates vzv gene promoters and enhances the infectivity of vzv dna. | the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 61 (orf61) protein is the homolog of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) icp0. both genes are located in similar parts of the genome, their predicted products share a cysteine-rich motif, and cell lines expressing vzv orf61 are able to complement an hsv-1 icp0 deletion mutant (h. moriuchi, m. moriuchi, h. a. smith, s. e. straus, and j. i. cohen, j. virol. 66:7303-7308, 1992). in transient expression assays, hsv-1 icp0 is a transactivator alone ... | 1993 | 8389928 |
| antineoplastic and antiviral activities of some cyclolignans. | nineteen cyclolignans of varied structures, most of them isolated from juniperus sabina leaves, were evaluated for their antineoplastic and antiviral activities. they were subjected to screening against p-388 murine leukemia, a-549 human lung carcinoma, and ht-29 colon carcinoma, while the antiviral assays were performed on herpes simplex virus type 1 infecting fibroblasts of monkey kidney (hsv-1/cv-1) and on vesicular stomatitis virus infecting fibroblasts of hamster kidney (vsv/bhk). a number ... | 1993 | 8391145 |
| identification of the gene product encoded by orf ul56 of the human cytomegalovirus genome. | experiments were undertaken to identify the product of open reading frame (orf) ul56 of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), the putative homolog of infected cell protein (icp) 18.5 of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) that is thought to be involved in viral nucleocapsid maturation. northern blotting using a unique fragment of orf ul56 revealed a specific transcript of about 3.0 kb in hcmv-infected fibroblasts early and late postinfection (p.i.). two overlapping fragments of ul56 were subcloned for p ... | 1993 | 8395117 |
| antiviral activity of c-alkylated purine nucleosides obtained by cross-coupling with tetraalkyltin reagents. | 2-, 6-, and 8-alkylated (methyl, ethyl, and vinyl) adenosine analogues were synthesized by a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of a tetraalkyltin with the halogenated purine nucleosides. the synthesis of the 8-substituted analogues was accomplished using a transient protection procedure. the 6-alkylated-9-beta-d-ribofuranosylpurines as well as 2-ethyladenosine were cytotoxic at relatively low concentrations (0.8-10 micrograms/ml). 8-methyladenosine was a potent and selective inhibitor of vaccin ... | 1993 | 8411010 |
| the mechanism of poly i:c-induced antiviral activity in peritoneal macrophage. | macrophages play an important role in defense against virus infection by intrinsic resistance and by extrinsic resistance. since interferon-induced enzymes which are 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase and p1/eif-2 protein kinase have been shown to be involved in the inhibition of viral replication, i examined the mechanism by which poly i:c, an interferon inducer, exerts its antiviral effects in inflammatory macrophages infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). the data presented here demo ... | 1994 | 10319138 |
| virus isolation study of the human ganglion geniculi (nerve vii). | 1994 | 10774427 | |
| stimulation of neurite growth rat adrenal chromaffin cells infected with a defective herpes simplex virus carrying an ngf minigene. | 1994 | 8542416 | |
| herpes simplex virus glycoproteins e and i facilitate cell-to-cell spread in vivo and across junctions of cultured cells. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) glycoproteins e and i (ge and gi) can act as a receptor for the fc domain of immunoglobulin g (igg). to examine the role of hsv igg fc receptor in viral pathogenesis, rabbits and mice were infected by the corneal route with hsv ge- or gi- mutants. wild-type hsv-1 produced large dendritic lesions in the corneal epithelium and subsequent stromal disease leading to viral encephalitis, whereas ge- and gi- mutant viruses produced microscopic punctate or small dendritic lesi ... | 1994 | 8289387 |
| lithium chloride suppresses the synthesis of messenger rna for infected cell protein-4 and viral deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase in herpes simplex virus-1 infected endothelial cells. | patients treated with lithium salts for manic depression had a lower incidence of herpes simplex infections. initial studies in our laboratory demonstrated that addition of licl in cultures of human endothelial cells infected with herpes simplex virus suppressed viral replication and allowed synthesis of host proteins. | 1994 | 8302016 |
| co-infection and synergy of human immunodeficiency virus-1 and herpes simplex virus-1. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) uses the cd4 molecule, expressed by t helper cells and activated macrophages, as a receptor for entry into host cells. in tissues co-infected with herpes simplex type 1 (hsv-1), hiv-1 virions were observed to infect keratinocytes, which, because they lack the cd4 molecule, are normally incapable of being infected by hiv-1. although a number of other viruses have been reported to enhance hiv-1 viral transcription in vitro, this is the first in-vivo report ... | 1994 | 7905094 |
| herpes simplex virus-1 latency and its implications for gene therapy of the nervous system. | 1994 | 8542397 | |
| induced extrusion of dna from the capsid of herpes simplex virus type 1. | dna-filled capsids (c capsids) of herpes simplex virus type 1 were treated in vitro with guanidine-hcl (guhcl) and analyzed for dna loss by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation and electron microscopy. dna was found to be lost quantitatively from virtually all capsids treated with guhcl at concentrations of 0.5 m or higher, while 0.1 m guhcl had little or no effect. dna removal from 0.5 m guhcl-treated capsids was effected without significant change in the capsid protein composition, as ... | 1994 | 8254753 |
| expression of seven herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoproteins (gb, gc, gd, ge, gg, gh, and gi): comparative protection against lethal challenge in mice. | we have constructed recombinant baculoviruses individually expressing seven of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoproteins (gb, gc, gd, ge, gg, gh, and gi). vaccination of mice with gb, gc, gd, ge, or gi resulted in production of high neutralizing antibody titers to hsv-1 and protection against intraperitoneal and ocular challenge with lethal doses of hsv-1. this protection was statistically significant and similar to the protection provided by vaccination with live nonvirulent hsv-1 ( ... | 1994 | 8138996 |
| herpes simplex virus vp16 forms a complex with the virion host shutoff protein vhs. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) virions contain at least two regulatory proteins that modulate gene expression in infected cells: the transcriptional activator vp16 and the virion host shutoff protein vhs. vp16 stimulates transcription of the hsv immediate-early genes, and vhs suppresses host protein synthesis and induces accelerated turnover of cellular and viral mrnas. we report here that vhs binds directly to vp16: vhs and vp16 were coprecipitated from infected cells by an anti-vhs antiserum, and ... | 1994 | 8139019 |
| cellular protein interactions with herpes simplex virus type 1 oris. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) origin of dna replication, oris, contains an at-rich region and three highly homologous sequences, sites i, ii, and iii, identified as binding sites for the hsv-1 origin-binding protein (obp). in the present study, interactions between specific oris dna sequences and proteins in uninfected cell extracts were characterized. the formation of one predominant protein-dna complex, m, was demonstrated in gel shift assays following incubation of uninfected cell e ... | 1994 | 8139557 |
| effect of genetically determined host factors on the efficacy of vidarabine, acyclovir and 5-trifluorothymidine in herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. | the susceptibility of herpes simplex virus (hsv) to acyclovir (acv), 5-trifluorothymidine (tft) and vidarabine (ara-a) in hsv-infected embryo fibroblasts from balb/c and c57bl/6 mice as well as vero cells were measured. ara-a and tft (at its highest concentration) were more effective in vero cells and balb/c mouse embryo fibroblasts (mef) than in c57bl/6 mef. in contrast, acv was more effective in c57bl/6 mef than balb/c mef and vero cells. these data suggest that genetically determined differen ... | 1994 | 8196938 |
| finding a needle in a haystack: detection of a small protein (the 12-kda vp26) in a large complex (the 200-mda capsid of herpes simplex virus). | macromolecular complexes that consist of homopolymeric protein frameworks with additional proteins attached at strategic sites for a variety of structural and functional purposes are widespread in subcellular biology. one such complex is the capsid of herpes simplex virus type 1 whose basic framework consists of 960 copies of the viral protein, vp5 (149 kda), arranged in an icosahedrally symmetric shell. this shell also contains major amounts of three other proteins, including vp26 (12 kda), a s ... | 1994 | 8202543 |
| mechanism of cytostatic action of novel 5-(thien-2-yl)- and 5-(furan-2-yl)-substituted pyrimidine nucleoside analogues against tumor cells transfected by the thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus. | several novel 5-substituted 2'-deoxyuridine (durd) analogues were evaluated as substrates for highly purified herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-encoded thymidine kinase (tk) derived from hsv-1 tk gene-transfected murine mammary carcinoma fm3a cells, and human platelet thymidine (dthd) phosphorylase. the ki of 5-(furan-2-yl)-durd, 5-(thien-2-yl)-durd and 5-(thien-2-yl)-dcyd for hsv-1 tk was 0.94, 0.71, and 1.32 microm, respectively. inhibition was competitive with respect to the natural substra ... | 1994 | 8132526 |
| ul69 of human cytomegalovirus, an open reading frame with homology to icp27 of herpes simplex virus, encodes a transactivator of gene expression. | the ul69 open reading frame of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) is homologous to the immediate-early protein icp27 of herpes simplex virus, an essential viral regulatory protein involved in the transition from early to late gene expression. genes with homology to icp27 have been detected in all subclasses of herpesviruses so far. while the respective proteins in alpha- and gammaherpesviruses have been defined as trans-regulatory molecules, nothing is known about these genes in betaherpesviruses. thi ... | 1994 | 8189530 |
| a herpes simplex virus 1 us11-expressing cell line is resistant to herpes simplex virus infection at a step in viral entry mediated by glycoprotein d. | a baby hamster kidney [bhk(tk-)] cell line (us11cl19) which stably expresses the us11 and alpha 4 genes of herpes simplex virus 1 strain f [hsv-1(f)] was found to be resistant to infection with hsv-1. although wild-type hsv-1(f) attached with normal kinetics to the surface of us11cl19 cells, most cells showed no evidence of infection and failed to accumulate detectable amounts of alpha mrnas. the relationship between the expression of ul11 and resistance to hsv infection in us11cl19 cells has no ... | 1994 | 8151754 |
| conditional ablation of dendritic cells in transgenic mice. | dendritic cells (dc) are professional ag-presenting cells that play a major role in t cell-mediated immune responses and in thymocyte differentiation. to better analyze their physiological importance, we sought to generate transgenic mice presenting a conditional dc deficiency. we used a strategy based on the cell-specific expression of a suicide gene. the dc-targeted expression is obtained using hiv regulatory sequences; indirect evidence has suggested that these sequences control a preferentia ... | 1994 | 8283035 |
| viral transduction of trka into cultured nodose and spinal motor neurons conveys ngf responsiveness. | the trka gene encodes the tyrosine kinase receptor that transduces the ngf signal. we have used a defective herpes simplex virus-1 (hsv-1) vector containing a full-length rat trka sequence (phsvtrka) to express ngf receptors in primary cultures of neonatal nodose neurons and embryonic spinal motor neurons which are normally unresponsive to ngf. transduction of rat neonatal nodose ganglion neurons and spinal motor neurons with phsvtrka resulted in expression of functional ngf receptors. stimulati ... | 1994 | 8174770 |
| yy1 is the cellular factor shown previously to bind to regulatory regions of several leaky-late (beta gamma, gamma 1) genes of herpes simplex virus type 1. | we have recently reported that a cellular factor, the leaky-late binding factor (lbf), binds to sites in a number of leaky-late (beta gamma or gamma 1) genes of herpes simplex virus type 1 and that an lbf site is essential for maximum viral transactivation of the major capsid protein (vp5) gene. the results of binding competition, partial proteolysis, and monoclonal antibody inhibition assays presented here establish that lbf is identical to the transcription factor yy1. this, along with our pre ... | 1994 | 8289358 |
| restricted herpes simplex virus type 1 gene expression within sensory neurons in the absence of functional b and t lymphocytes. | herpes simplex virus type i (hsv-1) establishes a latent infection in sensory ganglion neurons. during latency no viral-specific proteins are detected and virus gene expression is restricted to the latency-associated transcripts. we report here that trigeminal ganglia of mice with severe combined immunodeficiency contain individual sensory neurons exhibiting restricted viral gene expression characteristic of latency; this occurred during acute (4-6 days) infection with the wild-type hsv-1 strain ... | 1994 | 8178461 |
| development of anti-tumor immunity following thymidine kinase-mediated killing of experimental brain tumors. | using the 9l experimental brain tumor model, we studied long-term tumor regression and immunologic consequences of tumor killing in a model of in vivo gene transfer of the herpes simplex virus 1 thymidine kinase (hsv-tk) gene and ganciclovir (gcv) treatments. fibroblasts modified to produce retroviral vectors carrying the hsv-tk gene were implanted into established 9l brain tumors in fischer 344 rats to carry out gene transfer. animals were then treated with parenteral gcv. significant tumor reg ... | 1994 | 8183911 |
| deletion of the varicella-zoster virus large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase impairs growth of virus in vitro. | cells infected with varicella-zoster virus (vzv) express a viral ribonucleotide reductase which is distinct from that present in uninfected cells. vzv open reading frames 18 and 19 (orf18 and orf19) are homologous to the herpes simplex virus type 1 genes encoding the small and large subunits of ribonucleotide reductase, respectively. we generated recombinant vzv by transfecting cultured cells with four overlapping cosmid dnas. to construct a virus lacking ribonucleotide reductase, we deleted 97% ... | 1994 | 8151792 |
| the ul21 gene products of herpes simplex virus 1 are dispensable for growth in cultured cells. | a viral deletion mutant (delta ul21) that lacked the sequences encoding 484 of the predicted first 535 amino acids of the ul21 open reading frame was genetically engineered and studied with respect to its phenotype in cells in culture. we report the following. (i) the replication of delta ul21 was identical to that of the parent herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) strain f in vero cells, but the yields were three- to fivefold lower than those of the parent virus in human embryonic lung cells. (ii) to ... | 1994 | 8151763 |
| a population-based seroepidemiological study of cervical cancer. | the epidemiology of cervical cancer indicates the presence of a sexually transmitted risk factor, attributable at least in part to infection with human papillomavirus (hpv) type 16 or 18. we performed a seroepidemiological study of hpv and cervical cancer in the counties of västerbotten and norrbotten in northern sweden, a low-risk area for cervical cancer. sera from 94 cases of incident cervical cancer were matched against 188 age- and sex-matched controls derived from a population-based blood ... | 1994 | 8261434 |
| improved cell survival by the reduction of immediate-early gene expression in replication-defective mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1 but not by mutation of the virion host shutoff function. | derivatives of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) have elicited considerable interest as gene transfer vectors because of their ability to infect a wide range of cell types efficiently, including fully differentiated neurons. however, it has been found that infection of many types of cell with vectors derived from replication-defective mutants of hsv-1 is associated with cytopathic effects (cpe). we have previously shown that viral gene expression played an important role in the induction of cp ... | 1994 | 8083974 |
| differential response of human cells to deletions and stop codons in the gamma(1)34.5 gene of herpes simplex virus. | earlier studies have shown that herpes simplex virus mutants lacking the gamma(1)34.5 gene are totally avirulent on intracerebral inoculation of the virus into mice and induce premature shutoff of protein synthesis in human neuroblastoma (sk-n-sh) cells but not in vero cells. we report the following. (i) whereas deletion mutant r3616, lacking 1,000 bp of the gamma(1)34.5 gene, caused premature shutoff of protein synthesis in both sk-n-sh and human foreskin fibroblasts (hff), mutants r4009 and r9 ... | 1994 | 7966624 |
| nonsurgical closure of esophago-respiratory fistulas: role for the somatostatin analogue octreotide acetate? | esophago-respiratory fistulas (erf) do not close spontaneously and are uniformly fatal. a somatostatin analogue (octreotide acetate) was used in three consecutive patients to promote the closure of erf. in 2 patients with esophageal cancer, treatment with octreotide acetate was associated with fistula closure in 30 and 46 days, respectively. in a third patient with virally-induced erf, treatment was associated with improvement of the inflammation of the fistula before the patient's death from pu ... | 1994 | 8074130 |
| long term herpes simplex virus type 1 infection of nerve growth factor-treated pc12 cells. | the behaviour of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) strain 17 in tissue cultures of pc12 cells treated with nerve growth factor (ngf) was studied. pc12 cells respond to ngf by ceasing to proliferate and extending long neurites. after differentiation with ngf, cultures were infected with hsv-1 and maintained in the presence of the hormone for several weeks. these long-term infected cultures were tested for hsv dna, transcripts and the ability to produce virus, before and after ngf removal. befor ... | 1994 | 8077952 |
| kinetic studies with n2-phenylguanines and with l-thymidine indicate that herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine kinase and thymidylate kinase share a common active site. | it is known that the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-encoded thymidine kinase (tk) co-purifies with an associated thymidylate kinase (tmpk) activity and that thymidylate (tmp) inhibits the phosphorylation of thymidine by the hsv-1 tk. here we demonstrate that: (i) tmp phosphorylation catalysed by the viral tmpk is competitively inhibited by thymidine (tdr) with a ki equal to its km as substrate for the viral tk; (ii) l-thymidine (l-tdr), the enantiomer of the naturally occurring d-tdr and a ... | 1994 | 8068016 |
| identification of structural domains within the large subunit of herpes simplex virus ribonucleotide reductase. | the large subunit (r1) of herpes simplex virus (hsv) ribonucleotide reductase is a bifunctional protein consisting of a unique n-terminal protein kinase domain and a ribonucleotide reductase domain. previous studies showed that the two functional domains are linked by a protease sensitive site. here we provide evidence for two subdomains, of 30k and 53k, within the reductase domain. the two fragments, which were produced by limited proteolysis and were resistant to further degradation, remained ... | 1994 | 7996127 |
| cell-type-specific induction of the ul9 gene of hsv-1 by cell signaling pathway. | the origin-binding protein, encoded by the ul9 gene of herpes simplex virus-1 (hsv-1), has the properties of an initiator of dna replication. in this communication, we report that the ul9 promoter contains a camp-response element (cre). transient expression analyses show that dibutyryl cyclic amp, known to elevate intracellular camp level, can induce the ul9 promoter in a rat pheochromocytoma cell line (pc12) but not in a non-neuronal human cell line (hela). interestingly, a transcription factor ... | 1994 | 7999061 |
| icp34.5 influences herpes simplex virus type 1 maturation and egress from infected cells in vitro. | we have previously demonstrated that efficient replication of mutant herpes simplex virus which fails to synthesize the polypeptide icp34.5 is cell type and cell state dependent. icp34.5 negative viruses do not grow in stationary state mouse embryo fibroblast 3t6 cells whereas the growth kinetics in bhk cells are indistinguishable from those of wild-type. we now demonstrate that this defect is not due to an inability of mutant virus to adsorb to 3t6 cells but rather to an inability to spread fro ... | 1994 | 7996163 |
| viral antibody titers are influenced by hla-dr2 phenotype. | antibody serum levels against herpes simplex type 1 virus, cytomegalovirus, viral capsid antigens of epstein-barr virus, and rubella virus were evaluated in a sample of the sicilian population. results demonstrated that hla-dr2-positive individuals showed a significant increase in antibody titers, when compared to hla-dr2-negative individuals. these observations seem to be in contrast with the reported association of the hla-dr2 phenotype with an ineffective immune response against several infec ... | 1994 | 7857663 |
| electron microscopic findings in a cornea with recurrence of herpes simplex keratitis after excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy. | excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy is emerging as an alternative therapy to corneal transplantation for the treatment of multiple corneal diseases. we report three cases of recurrence of herpes simplex keratitis after treatment of herpetic corneal scars with the excimer laser. in two cases, the patients underwent subsequent corneal transplantation. one corneal button examined with transmission electron microscopy (tem) demonstrated a well-differentiated epithelium over the area of ablati ... | 1994 | 8149573 |
| photodynamic inactivation of herpes viruses with phthalocyanine derivatives. | the antiviral photosensitization capacity of 11 different phthalocyanine (pc) derivatives was examined using herpes simplex virus-1, herpes simplex virus-2 and varicella zoster virus in the search for the most potent sensitizers for viral decontamination of blood. the kinetics of viral photoinactivation were resolved during the stages of viral adsorption and penetration into the host cells. the capacity of pc in the photodynamic inactivation of viruses was compared with that of merocyanine 540 ( ... | 1994 | 8151454 |
| molecular evolution of herpesviruses: genomic and protein sequence comparisons. | phylogenetic reconstruction of herpesvirus evolution is generally founded on amino acid sequence comparisons of specific proteins. these are relevant to the evolution of the specific gene (or set of genes), but the resulting phylogeny may vary depending on the particular sequence chosen for analysis (or comparison). in the first part of this report, we compare 13 herpesvirus genomes by using a new multidimensional methodology based on distance measures and partial orderings of dinucleotide relat ... | 1994 | 8107249 |
| the equine herpesvirus type 1 glycoprotein homologous to herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein m is a major constituent of the virus particle. | glycoprotein 45 is a major envelope glycoprotein of equine herpesvirus type 1. the gene encoding this protein is located between map units 0.615 and 0.636 on the virus genome and evidence has suggested that it is encoded by gene 52, one of four genes within this region. using pcr we have amplified gene 52 and subsequently cloned it into a mammalian expression vector under the control of the human cytomegalovirus immediate early gene promoter. the gene was expressed in cos-7 cells and its product ... | 1994 | 8113768 |
| [incidence and etiology of viremia in 2,619 patients]. | virus investigation, specially cytomegalovirus (cmv), in blood has increased such that the capacity of hospitalary laboratories is threatened with collapse. the causal agents of viremia are analyzed being correlated with the clinical symptoms and underlying disease to establish the selection criteria of patients for virologic study. | 1994 | 8127163 |
| vitreous fluid sampling and viral genome detection for the diagnosis of viral retinitis in patients with aids. | cytomegalovirus (cmv) causes severe necrotizing retinitis in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and other herpesviruses have been implicated in the acute retinal necrosis syndrome (arn), seen in both the immunocompetent and the immunosuppressed. at present the diagnosis of viral retinitis relies solely on clinical appearances. in order to assess whether the detection of herpesvirus-specific dna in cell-free vitreous biopsy samples could be useful in the early diagnosis ... | 1994 | 7964643 |
| immunotherapy of acute and recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 infection with an adjuvant-free form of recombinant glycoprotein d-interleukin-2 fusion protein. | previous studies demonstrated that the adjuvant-free form of a fusion protein consisting of a truncated herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoprotein d and human interleukin-2 (tgd-il-2) elicited superior protective immunity in mice. in this study, the immunotherapeutic efficacy of tgd-il-2 against vaginal hsv-2 infection was investigated using a guinea pig model. footpad injections of tgd-il-2 (12.5 micrograms/dose) after the onset of primary lesions strongly suppressed recurrence in the chr ... | 1994 | 8133093 |
| herpes simplex virus inhibits host cell splicing, and regulatory protein icp27 is required for this effect. | while the majority of metazoan genes and those of the dna viruses which infect them contain introns which require rna splicing, herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) encodes relatively few spliced products. we previously showed that the hsv-1 immediate-early protein icp27 decreased the levels of spliced target mrnas in transfections and spliced cellular mrnas during infection, suggesting that icp27 may function in impairing host cell splicing. here, we show that during infections with the wild typ ... | 1994 | 7966568 |
| analysis of a herpes simplex virus type 1 lat mutant with a deletion between the putative promoter and the 5' end of the 2.0-kilobase transcript. | a herpes simplex virus type 1 strain 17 mutant with a deletion between genomic nucleotides 118880 and 119250 was constructed and called 17 delta sty. the deletion removes most of a putative secondary lat promoter (called lapii) as well as 370 of the first 449 nucleotides of the proposed 8.5-kb transcript believed to be the precursor of 2.0-kb lat. 17 delta sty was shown to produce major 2.0-kb lats in tissue culture. moreover, trigeminal nerves from latently infected mice contained an intact 1.4 ... | 1994 | 7966571 |
| varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 10 protein, the homolog of the essential herpes simplex virus protein vp16, is dispensable for vzv replication in vitro. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 10 (orf10) protein in the homolog of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) protein vp16. vzv orf10 transactivates the vzv ie62 gene and is a tegument protein present in the virion. hsv-1 vp16, a potent transactivator of hsv-1 immediate-early genes and tegument protein, is essential for hsv-1 replication in vitro. to determine whether vzv orf10 is required for viral replication in vitro, we constructed two vzv mutants which were unable to express ... | 1994 | 7966575 |
| increased replication in hiv/hsv co-infection. | 1994 | 8155533 | |
| aggravation of herpetic stromal keratitis after murine epidermal grown factor topical application. | we evaluated the epithelializing-promoting effect of a concentration of 0.005 mg/ml murine epidermal growth factor (megf), topically administered four times daily, on the herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) corneal ulcers of the rabbit eye. the severity of the herpetic lesions was evaluated clinically, after the time course of the severity of epithelial keratitis, conjunctivitis, iritis, and stromal disease, for 14 days. a histological assessment was performed in the middle and at the end of the foll ... | 1994 | 8156789 |
| histological and immunopathological analysis of t-cells mediating murine hsv-1 keratitis. | thymus-derived lymphocytes play a critical role in the development of herpes simplex keratitis (hsk). t-cell subsets defined by their expression of various t-cell receptor (tcr) v beta segments were studied following corneal hsv-1 infection (p.i.). | 1994 | 8001832 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus dna sequences in human blood and bone marrow cells. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) establishes latent infections in neural tissues of humans and experimental animals. utilizing a sensitive polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay we detected hsv dna sequences in blood cells of healthy prospective bone marrow transplant (bmt) donors and patients. in three healthy individuals studied, hsv dna sequences were found in all blood cell types and also in bone marrow cells as well as in stem cell progenitor colonies isolated from in vitro cultures. studi ... | 1994 | 8006641 |
| activation of rna polymerase iii transcription of human alu elements by herpes simplex virus. | we found that hsv infection of hela cells strongly induces rna polymerase iii transcription of endogenous human alu elements, resulting in the accumulation of high levels of cytoplasmic rnas initiated from alu pol iii promoters. induction required viral protein synthesis and occurred during infection with a viral mutant bearing a null mutation in the immediate-early (ie) gene encoding icp4, suggesting that one or more ie proteins are sufficient for activation. however, mutations in each of the o ... | 1994 | 8009851 |
| an improved method for cloning portions of the repeat regions of herpes simplex virus type 1. | the use of a low copy number plasmid to enhance greatly the ability to clone herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) dna is described. certain regions of the hsv-1 dna have been extremely difficult to clone. particular difficulties have often been encountered in the long and short viral repeats. attempts to clone certain hsv-1 sequences using common plasmids produced plasmids containing inserts of unusual size and/or plasmids smaller than the original plasmid. the reason for these cloning difficulti ... | 1994 | 8188808 |
| a rapid simple in situ hybridization method for herpes simplex virus employing a synthetic biotin-labeled oligonucleotide probe: a comparison with immunohistochemical methods for hsv detection. | we examined 28 paraffin-embedded tissue specimens with histologic evidence of herpes virus infection by in situ hybridization (ish) utilizing manual capillary action technology (microprobe staining system) and a 21 base synthetic multibiotinylated oligonucleotide probe from the hsv glycoprotein c region. the results were compared to a rapid simple immunohistochemical (ihc) protocol for detection of hsv proteins. hsv was detected by ish and ihc in all but one specimen which was shown to be positi ... | 1994 | 8189321 |
| preexisting nuclear architecture defines the intranuclear location of herpesvirus dna replication structures. | herpes simplex virus dna replication proteins localize in characteristic patterns corresponding to viral dna replication structures in the infected cell nucleus. the intranuclear spatial organization of the hsv dna replication structures and the factors regulating their nuclear location remain to be defined. we have used the hsv icp8 dna-binding protein and bromodeoxyuridine labeling as markers for sites of herpesviral dna synthesis to examine the spatial organization of these structures within ... | 1994 | 8189490 |
| transcriptional mapping of the varicella-zoster virus regulatory genes encoding open reading frames 4 and 63. | four of the 68 varicella-zoster virus (vzv) unique open reading frames (orfs), i.e., orfs 4, 61, 62, and 63, encode proteins that influence viral transcription and are considered to be positional homologs of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) immediate-early (ie) proteins. in order to identify the elements that regulate transcription of vzv orfs 4 and 63, the encoded mrnas were mapped in detail. for orf 4, a major 1.8-kb and a minor 3.0-kb polyadenylated [poly(a)+] rna were identified, whereas ... | 1994 | 8189496 |
| helicase-primase complex of herpes simplex virus type 1: a mutation in the ul52 subunit abolishes primase activity. | the ul52 gene product of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) comprises one subunit of a 3-protein helicase-primase complex that is essential for replication of viral dna. the functions of the individual subunits of the complex are not known with certainty, although it is clear that the ul8 subunit is not required for either helicase or primase activity. examination of the predicted amino acid sequence of the ul5 gene reveals the existence of conserved helicase motifs; it seems likely, therefore, ... | 1994 | 8189507 |
| interferon-alpha generation in mice responding to challenge with uv-inactivated herpes simplex virus. | in humans with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, an interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) response by a specialized blood mononuclear cell to herpes simplex virus (hsv) in vitro is associated with resistance to opportunistic infections. a cell type of unknown lineage, designated the natural ifn-producing cell (nipc), has been identified preliminarily as the source of these ifns and may have a role in other host defense functions. earlier studies suggested the existence of analogous h ... | 1994 | 8027590 |
| human fetal antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity to herpes simplex virus-infected cells. | human fetal antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) has not been reported previously. most investigations have failed to document any cytolytic activity among fetal lymphocytes. the purpose of this study was to investigate adcc activity in the human fetus and identify and characterize the effector cell populations in the fetus. fetal spleen cells were separated into single-cell suspensions and assayed with 51cr-labeled herpes simplex 1-infected chang liver target cells. significant adcc ... | 1994 | 8190515 |
| n-linked oligosaccharides on herpes simplex virus glycoprotein gd are not essential for establishment of viral latency or reactivation in the mouse eye model. | glycoprotein d (gd) is an essential component of the herpes simplex virus (hsv) envelope. it is essential for viral penetration and for cell to cell spread of virus in vitro, and is also important for neuroinvasiveness. we investigated the contribution of n-linked oligosaccharides (n-cho) on gd to viral pathogenesis. we used f-gd(qaa), a mutant virus derived from strain f of hsv-1. this virus contains three mutations in the gd gene which eliminate all signals for addition of n-cho. these mutatio ... | 1994 | 8030209 |
| synergistic antiviral activities of oligonucleoside methylphosphonates complementary to herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate-early mrnas 4, 5, and 1. | an oligonucleoside methylphosphonate (onmp) complementary to the splice acceptor site of immediate-early (ie) pre-mrnas 4 and 5 (ie4,5sa) inhibits herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) growth in vitro and in infected animals. the antiviral effect appears to be due to inhibition of ie pre-mrna 4 and 5 splicing and/or ie4 gene expression (m. kulka, m. wachsman, s. miura, r. fishelevich, p. s. miller, p. o. p. ts'o, and l. aurelian, antiviral res. 20:115-130, 1993). we describe the potentiation of an ... | 1994 | 8031030 |
| phenotype of the herpes simplex virus type 1 protease substrate icp35 mutant virus. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 icp35 assembly protein is involved in the formation of viral capsids. icp35 is encoded by the ul26.5 gene and is specifically processed by the herpes simplex virus type 1 protease encoded by the ul26 gene. to better understand the functions of icp35 in infected cells, we have isolated and characterized an icp35 mutant virus, delta icp35. the mutant virus was propagated in complementing 35j cells, which express wild-type icp35. phenotypic analysis of delta icp35 sh ... | 1994 | 8057422 |
| recovery of viruses other than cytomegalovirus from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. | to determine the yield and diagnostic significance of performing viral cultures on specimens obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) in immunocompromised patients. | 1994 | 8205876 |
| the nuclear location of pml, a cellular member of the c3hc4 zinc-binding domain protein family, is rearranged during herpes simplex virus infection by the c3hc4 viral protein icp0. | nd10 are nuclear domains of unknown function that become abundant in response to stress. infection by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) causes the apparent disappearance of these domains, an effect that requires the expression of the immediate early protein icp0. previously, we have shown that there are a number of cellular antigens in the nd10. in this report, we show that one of these proteins is pml, a member of the c3hc4 zinc-binding domain family which also includes icp0. the c3hc4 domain ... | 1994 | 8207389 |
| excision of dna fragments corresponding to the unit-length a sequence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and terminus variation predominate on one side of the excised fragment. | dna fragments corresponding to the unit-length a sequence of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) were identified in hsv-1 dna preparations extracted by the method of hirt. the dna fragments were molecularly cloned, and nucleotide sequences were determined. most termini of the fragments were at sites on dr1 corresponding to the termini of linear hsv-1 dna generated by the cleavage-packaging system. in one-step growth experiments, dna fragments of the unit-length a sequence appeared simultaneously ... | 1994 | 8207811 |
| cell-free assembly of the herpes simplex virus capsid. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) capsids were found to assemble spontaneously in a cell-free system consisting of extracts prepared from insect cells that had been infected with recombinant baculoviruses coding for hsv-1 capsid proteins. the capsids formed in this system resembled native hsv-1 capsids in morphology as judged by electron microscopy, in sedimentation rate on sucrose density gradients, in protein composition, and in their ability to react with antibodies specific for the hsv-1 m ... | 1994 | 8057482 |
| evidence that levels of the dimeric cellular transcription factor cp2 play little role in the activation of the hiv-1 long terminal repeat in vivo or following superinfection with herpes simplex virus type 1. | the dimeric transcription factor cp2 binds a sequence element found near the transcription start site of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) long terminal repeat. several groups have suggested that cellular factors binding this element might play a role in modulating hiv-1 promoter activity in vivo. for example, induction of latent hiv-1 gene expression in response to superinfection by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or cytomegalovirus is thought to be mediated, in part, by factors bind ... | 1994 | 8063751 |
| effect of the major dna adduct of the antitumor drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (ii) on the activity of a helicase essential for dna replication, the herpes simplex virus type-1 origin-binding protein. | to determine the effect of the major dna adduct, the intrastrand d(gpg) cross-link, produced by the antitumor drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(ii) on the activity of a helicase known to be essential for dna replication, we have examined its interaction with the origin-binding protein (ul9 protein) of herpes simplex virus type-1. we found that the helicase activity of the ul9 protein is inhibited only when the adduct is present on the template strand along which the protein translocates. this ef ... | 1994 | 8063811 |
| mutation of a single lysine residue severely impairs the dna recognition and regulatory functions of the vzv gene 62 transactivator protein. | the product of varicella-zoster virus gene 62 (vzv 140k) is a potent transactivator protein. we have identified a region within the dna binding domain of vzv 140k that shows a striking similarity to the dna recognition helix of the homeodomain, with an especially highly conserved quartet of residues, wlqn. the 140k protein has functional counterparts within the other alphaherpesviruses, which include the major transcriptional regulatory protein of hsv-1, (icp4), and the wlqn region is highly con ... | 1994 | 7907417 |
| immunology and herpetic keratitis. | 1994 | 8013704 | |
| rapid diagnosis of herpetic keratitis using direct immunoperoxidase technique. | the direct immunoperoxidase technique was tested for diagnosis of herpetic keratitis. the technique was performed on corneal epithelial specimens from 28 herpetic keratitis cases and 12 controls. ulcers were stained with rose bengal or fluorescein and examined at the slit-lamp biomicroscope to differentiate between herpetic and nonherpetic etiology. scrapings obtained from the corneal epithelial ulcers were stained with direct immunoperoxidase technique. the whole procedure, including staining a ... | 1994 | 8017196 |
| herpes simplex virus involvement of the lower respiratory tract following surgery. | 1994 | 8020332 | |
| analysis of the thymidine kinase of a herpes simplex virus type 1 isolate that exhibits resistance to (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine. | the mechanism responsible for the decreased sensitivity of a clinical herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) isolate, hsv-145, to (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu) was examined. measurements of 50% inhibitory doses of several drugs demonstrated that although hsv-145 was sensitive to phosphonoacetic acid, adenine arabinoside and acyclovir, its sensitivity to bvdu and 5-(2-chloroethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine was significantly less than that normally observed for hsv-1. analysis of the thymidylate ... | 1994 | 8021603 |
| characterization of a herpes simplex virus type 1 deletion variant (1703) which under-produces vmw63 during immediate early conditions of infection. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 deletion variant 1703 apparently fails to synthesize the essential ie2 gene product vmw63 despite the deletion leaving the gene intact. sequence analysis revealed that the deletion removes a region to the right of ie2 comprising the 3' end of ie1, ul56 and the 3' part of ul55, stopping 555 bp downstream of the ie2 polyadenylation signal. further dna sequencing has shown that there is no secondary mutation in the ie2 gene. western blot analysis demonstrated that vm ... | 1994 | 7909833 |
| quantitative studies on cd4+ and cd8+ cytotoxic t lymphocyte responses against herpes simplex virus type 1 in normal and beta 2-m deficient mice. | against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infected target cells, effector t cells of both cd4- cd8+ and cd4+ cd8- phenotypes occur in both man and mice. in man, the cd4+ cd8- phenotype may dominate the response, but the situation in the mouse is unclear. in this report, several approaches are used to document the existence of hsv-1-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) of both phenotypes and to quantitate the frequency of their ctl precursors (ctl-p) in acutely hsv-1 infected animals. evidenc ... | 1994 | 7916329 |
| [sensitivities to other antiviral drugs and thymidine kinase activity of aciclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus type 1]. | sensitivity tests of various antiviral drugs on aciclovir-resistant strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) were done in vitro. activity of thymidine kinase (tk) of the aciclovir-resistant strains was also investigated. a strain of hsv-1 isolated from a patient with herpes labialis was grown in eagle's minimum essential medium containing 10(-6)m aciclovir (acv) and passaged 20 times. then acv-resistant strains of hsv-1 were obtained. sensitivity tests of 5 anti-herpetic agents (acv, ganci ... | 1994 | 8030564 |
| mutations in the cytoplasmic tail of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein h suppress cell fusion by a syncytial strain. | we have developed a complementation assay, using transiently transfected cos cells, to facilitate a molecular analysis of the herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein gh. when infected by a gh-null syncytial virus, cos cells expressing wild-type gh generate infectious progeny virions and form a syncytium with neighboring cells. by deletion and point mutagenesis, we have found particular residues in the gh cytoplasmic tail to be essential for generation of a syncytium but apparently dispensable f ... | 1994 | 7933080 |
| prevalence of antibodies to herpes simplex virus in pregnant women in stockholm in 1969, 1983 and 1989: implications for std epidemiology. | prevalence of antibody to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 was assessed in consecutive serum samples from a total of 3700 women pregnant in 1969, 1983, or 1989 from the same catchment area in stockholm. there was little change in seroprevalence of antibody to herpes simplex type 1 in the 3 groups, but age-adjusted herpes simplex virus type 2 antibody prevalence was 19, 33, and 33% respectively. increase in type 2 seropositivity with age was slight and similar in 1969 and 1989, but steep in 198 ... | 1994 | 8031912 |
| successful treatment of progressive mucocutaneous infection due to acyclovir- and foscarnet-resistant herpes simplex virus with (s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine (hpmpc). | the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate (s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine (hpmpc) was used topically for the treatment of persistent mucocutaneous infections in two cases. one patient with aids suffered from a perineal lesion due to infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and did not respond to acyclovir and was intolerant of foscarnet. a bone marrow transplant recipient developed orofacial lesions due to infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) that failed to r ... | 1994 | 8038312 |
| apparent increase in the prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 genital infections among women. | 1994 | 8039792 | |
| the current trend in genital herpes. progress in prevention. | recent serosurveys indicate that the prevalence of genital herpes has continued to increase even during the decade of hiv. much of this continued transmission is due to the difficulty of identifying the subclinical carrier of hsv-2. the development of serologic assays that accurately distinguish hsv-1 from hsv-2 infection now allow such persons to be identified, and recent studies indicate almost all hsv-2 seropositives have symptoms and signs of reactivation hsv-2. moreover, over 50% will shed ... | 1994 | 8042114 |
| the herpes simplex virus type 1 ul37 gene product is a component of virus particles. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 ul37 gene encodes a protein with an m(r) of 120k that is produced at late times after infection. to study the properties of this protein we have linked a 10 amino acid epitope derived from a human cytomegalovirus protein to the ul37 polypeptide coding sequences by inserting an oligonucleotide at a spei site that is unique in the virus genome and lies close to the 3' end of the open reading frame. from studies on the resultant virus recombinant using a monoclonal a ... | 1994 | 8046407 |
| identification of a target protein of us3 protein kinase of herpes simplex virus type 2. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) gene us3 has been shown to encode a serine-threonine protein kinase. in this study, we have tried to identify target proteins of the us3 protein kinase using a us3 lacz insertion mutant of hsv-2. when permeabilized cells were labelled with [gamma-32p]atp under the optimum conditions for the us3 enzyme, the most striking difference between wild-type hsv-2 strain 186- and mutant-infected cells was observed in the phosphorylation of proteins ranging in m(r) value ... | 1994 | 8046410 |
| the interaction of glycoprotein c of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 with the alternative complement pathway. | glycoprotein c (gc) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or type 2 (hsv-2) binds the human complement fragment c3b, but the two proteins differ in their ability to bind c3b on infected cell surfaces. in addition, gc-1, but not gc-2, accelerates the decay of the alternative pathway c3 convertase, thereby affecting later steps of the complement cascade. previously, we constructed linker insertion and deletion mutants of gc-1 and gc-2 and used transient transfection to express mutant proteins in ... | 1994 | 8053154 |
| acute retinal necrosis caused by reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 2. | acute retinal necrosis is a severe form of necrotizing retinitis. acute retinal necrosis has been demonstrated to be caused by varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus type 1. we treated three patients with acute retinal necrosis apparently caused by recrudescence of latent herpes simplex virus type 2. primary viral infection was probably congenital, with documented perinatal herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in two patients. bilateral chorioretinal scars were present in two patients, ... | 1994 | 8053466 |
| the herpes simplex virus ul20 protein compensates for the differential disruption of exocytosis of virions and viral membrane glycoproteins associated with fragmentation of the golgi apparatus. | the golgi apparatus is fragmented and dispersed in vero cells but not in human 143tk- cells infected with wild-type herpes simplex virus 1. moreover, a recombinant virus lacking the gene encoding the membrane protein ul20 (ul20- virus) accumulates in the space between the inner and outer nuclear membranes of vero cells but is exported and spreads from cell to cell in 143tk- cell cultures. here we report that in vero cells infected with ul20- virus, the virion envelope glycoproteins were of the i ... | 1994 | 7933123 |
| analysis of the cytolytic t-lymphocyte response to herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein b during primary and secondary infection. | the immune response to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection in c57bl/6 mice includes a population of major histocompatibility complex class i-restricted cytolytic t lymphocytes (ctl) that recognize the structural glycoprotein gb. to gain insight into the importance of this ctl subpopulation in vivo, gb-specific ctl present in the regional lymph nodes after a primary infection and after a reinfection of convalescent animals were analyzed. in a primary infection, gb-specific ctl precursor ... | 1994 | 7933156 |
| hsv type i lymphadenopathy. | 1994 | 8063293 |