Publications

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-malic enzyme of rat liver. purification, properties, and immunochemical studies.	rat liver malic enzyme (ec 1.1.1.40) was purified from livers of rats fasted and refed a high sucrose diet containing 1% desiccated thyroid powder. the purification was accomplished by a six-step procedure. the specific activity of the purified enzyme was increased 181-fold above that of the initial high speed supernatant of liver extracts. slight additional purification of malic enzyme was achieved with preparative disc electrophoresis. the specific activities of the purified rat liver malic en ...	1975	237885
purification and properties of citrate lyase from streptococcus diacetilactis.	citrate lyase from streptococcus diacetilactis has been purified to yield a protein that was homogeneous as judged by sedimentation velocity and sedimentation equilibrium experiments. the enzyme's sedimentation coefficient is 16.8 s and its molecular weight is around 585,000. it contains three nonidentical subunits of about 53,000, 34,000, and 10,000 daltons. the enzyme in its active form contains an acetyl group which turns over during the citrate cleavage reaction. removal of the acetyl group ...	1975	238987
studies on indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. i. superoxide anion as substrate.	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase purified to apparent homogeneity from rabbit intestine was inhibited by scavengers for superoxide anion such as superoxide dismutase and 1,2-dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonic acid (tiron). on the other hand, beta-carotene and 1,4-diazobicyclo-(2,2,2)-octane, scavengers for singlet oxygen, did not affect the enzyme activity significantly. the degree of inhibition of the dioxygenase by superoxide dismutase preparations from bovine erythrocytes, green peas, spinach leaves, ...	1975	238993
[toxin production by enteropathogenic colibacilli in adult persons (author's transl)].	culture filtrates of enteropathogenic strains of e. coli from adult patients with cholera-like diarrhoea produced a rhythm-disturbing effect when injected into isolated sacklets of rabbit ileum. this action was shown to be medium-dependant. it could not be elicited by cultures grown in synthetic medium. meat extract cultures gave variable results, but the gut movements could be irritated regularly when cultures were grown in a casamino acids - yeast extract medium (table, figure). this activity ...	1975	241179
escherichia coli enterotoxin. purification and partial characterization.	enterotoxin, a diarrheagenic protein elaborated by pathogenic escherichia coli strains has been isolated from the supernatant of fermenter cultures of e. coli strain p263, a porcine enteropathogen. purification steps involving bio-gel agarose a-5m, sephadex g-75 chromatography, and preparative isotachophoresis were used in the isolation. the resulting product appears to be pure according to immunoelectrophoretic, disc electrophoretic, ultracentrifugal, and immunologic criteria. the entertoxin ha ...	1975	241754
comparison of the ocular effects of circulating endotoxin and immune complexes: role of vasoactive amines.	both bacterial endotoxin and soluble immune complexes (bgg-anti bgg) injected i.v. in rabbits produce an alteration in ocular vascular permeability confined primarily to the vessels of the iridial portion of the ciliary processes. these effects have been measured by the ocular accumulation of 125i-albumin relative to cardiac plasma. ten micrograms per kilogram of escherichia coli bacterial endotoxin (055:b5) produce a consistent alteration in ocular vascular permeability over a 90-min period aft ...	1975	46248
the threonine-sensitive homoserine dehydrogenase and aspartokinase activities of escherichia coli k12. distribution and accessibility to antibodies of some epitopes of the bifunctional enzyme.	in the presence of l-threonine, the allosteric effector, most of the antigenic determinants situated in the aspartokinase region of the wild-type enzyme become unavailable to the antibodies raised against a fragment of the enzyme containing this region and devoid of homoserine dehydrogenase activity. the cross-reactivities of the antibodies raised against this fragment (extracted from a nonsense mutant) and a fragment endowed with homoserine dehydrogenase activity but devoid of aspartokinase act ...	1975	47808
evolution of biosynthetic pathways: immunological approach.	through the use of specific immunoadsorbent columns, it is shown that escherichia coli aspartokinase i-homoserine dehydrogenase i, aspartokinase ii-homoserine dehydrogenase ii, aspartokinase iii, and homoserine kinase, enzymes involved in the same complex biosynthetic pathway, share antigenic determinants. this raises the question of a common origin for the four cibtenoirart kinases. (aspartate kinase or atp:l aspartate 4-phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.2.4; homoserine dehydrogenase or lhomoserine:na ...	1975	48255
evidence of an autoimmune mechanism in pyelonephritis.		1975	53317
mucosal adherence of human enteropathogenic escherichia coli.	an in-vitro assay system has been developed to measure bacterial adhesion to the mucosa of human fetal small intestine. two strains of escherichia coli that are proven human enteropathogens (e.p.e.c.) have been shown to adhere in large numbers, compared with control organisms. the attachment mechanism is species specific and is not caused by common fimbriae. mucosal adhesion may be as important as enterotoxin production or invasiveness in determining the virulence of some strains of human e.p.e. ...	1975	53431
the cathode bound group antigen of dysentery-provoking escherichieae (author's transl).	antigens from disrupted cells of dysentery-provoking and of non-enteropathogenic escherichieae were submitted to immunoelectrophoresis on cellulose acetate stripes at ph 8.0. among 6 immune sera produced for this purpose by immunizing rabbits against desintegrated dysentery bacteria, only one contained a precipitine reacting with an antigen similar to the "generic antigen" of belaya. this - at ph 8.0 - cathode-bound group antigen (kga) could not only be found in virulent but also in 5 attenuated ...	1975	873
separation of low molecular weight rna by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.		1975	925
modulation of in vivo antibody responses by cholera toxin.	treatment of mice with an exotoxin (0.01 mug to 1.0 mug) purified from vibrio cholerae culture filtrates markedly influenced the immune response to sheep erythrocytes (srbc) and the escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps). simultaneous administration of the toxin (ct) with antigen resulted in a delayed appearance of antibody plaque-forming cells (pfc) during the first few days after immunization, followed by a marked enhancement of both igm and igg pfc. the secondary immune response to srbc wa ...	1975	163279
the isolation and partial characterization of neutrophil chemotactic factors from escherichia coli.	heat-stable, chemotactically active peptides have been obtained from escherichia coli culture filtrates. they range in size between 150 and 1500 daltons and are anionic at neutral ph. free carboxyl groups but not free amino groups appear to be required for activity. the n-terminal group may be blocked. there do not appear to be internal aromatic or basic residues in the chemotactically active fractions. a highly purified, not completely characterized, fraction was found to contain aspartic acid, ...	1975	165239
adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate in rabbit cerebrospinal fluid during fever induced by e. coli-endotoxin.	in rabbit cerebrospinal fluid during fever induced by e. coli-endotoxin adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate concentrations are about 2-fold higher in comparison to normal values. in addition to prostaglandins of the e series adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate might act as another mediator in the genesis of fever during infectious diseases.	1975	165391
the role of cyclic amp in the chemotactic responsiveness and spontaneous motility of rabbit peritoneal neutrophils. the inhibition of neutrophil movement and the elevation of cyclic amp levels by catecholamines, prostaglandins, theophylline and cholera toxin.	agents known to affect intracellular levels of cyclic amp in many diverse systems have been tested for their effect on the chemotaxis induced by escherichia coli culture filtrates, spontaneous motility and cyclic amp levels of rabbit peritoneal neutrophils. prostaglandin e1 and a1 but not prostaglandin f2alpha increased neutrophil cyclic amp levels and, correspondingly, only the former two prostaglandins inhibited chemotaxis. nevertheless, a quantitative relationship between prostaglandin stimul ...	1975	170335
histopathological effect of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in the rabbit ileum.	highly purified enterotoxin from clostridium perfringens was found to have histopathological activity in the rabbit ileum. unlike the action of cholera, escherichia coli, and shigella enterotoxins, epithelium was denuded from the tips of ileal villi at concentrations of the enterotoxin necessary to induce fluid accumulation in the rabbit. whether or not this observed histopathology is essential for the diarrheal syndrome associated with clostridium perfringens food poisoning remains unclear.	1975	172454
prevention of lethal pseudomonas bacteremia with epimerase-deficient e. coli antiserum.	all of these experiments demonstrate that despite many microbiologic differences between pseudomonas and the enteric rods, there is a close immunologic relationship between their endotoxin cores. these studies also show that by genetic manipulation we can unmask a protective antigen for preparing antiserum with a broad range of activity, even in the face of neutropenia. production of potent human j5 antiserum is a safe, simple procedure, making it possible to consider endotoxin core antibody tre ...	1975	772922
the isolation of duplex dna containing (da-dt) clusters by affinity chromatography on poly (u) sephadex.		1975	773692
kinetic analysis of chemotactic factor generation in human serum via activation of the classical and alternate complement pathways.		1975	1088938
photoreactivation in animal cells.		1975	1089183
the effect of antisera on porcine enteropathogenic escherichia coli in ligated segments of pig intestine.	nineteen antisera produced in pigs against 14 enteropathogenic and five nonenterotoxigenic porcine strains of escherichia coli were tested for their ability to inhibit gut loop fluid accumulation induced by homologous and heterologous organisms. in addition, four antisera produced in pigs by an intensive series of intravenous inoculations and three by a less intensive series of intramuscular injections of a polyvalent e. coli vaccine were evaluated. antisera were also produced in rabbits against ...	1975	1089462
[pathogenesis of toxin caused gastroenteritis of vibrios and coli bacteria].		1975	1089519
test for enterotoxigenic escherichia coli using y-1 adrenal cells in miniculture.	a rapid, potentially clinically useful test for detection of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli is described. whole bacterial cultures of enterotoxigenic e. coli, when briefly exposed to y1 adrenal cells in tissue miniculture, effect a rounding response in the tissue culture that can be discerned at 18 to 24 h. the tissue culture technique agreed with the rabbit ileal loop in all 58 enterotoxigenic and 52 non-enterotoxigenic e. coli strains tested.	1975	1089601
receptor sites for antigen-antibody complexes on cells derived from solid tumors: detection by means of antibody sensitized sheep erythrocytes labeled with technetium-99m.	surface receptor sites for the fc portion of antigen-antibody complexes were demonstrated on cells derived from three methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcomas, one of strain c3h and two of strain balb/c origin, two spontaneously occurring malignant melanomas (b16 in strain c57bl/6 and harding-passey in strain balb/c mice), a moloney sarcoma virus-induced tumor of strain balb/c origin and the walker 256 carcinosarcoma of holtzman rats. primary cell cultures derived from these tumors adsorbed tech ...	1975	1089728
inhibition of intravascular fibrin deposition by dipyridamole in experimental animals.	intravascular fibrin deposition was induced in rabbits by endotoxin, the infusion of fibrin monomer (fm), and by the infusion of thrombin and eaca. a previously developed radioisotope technique was used to measure the fibrin deposits in various organs. dipyridamole treatment of rabbits caused significant inhibition of fibrin deposition in all three experimental models. the drug also inhibited platelet consumption and, in the thrombin- and eaca-infused animals, fibrinogen consumption as well. the ...	1975	1090312
comparative mitogenic responses of t-cells and b-cells in spleens of mice of varying age.	mouse spleen cell mitogenic responses to phytohemagglutinin (pha), conconavalin a (con a), staphylococcal enterotoxin b (seb) and lipopolysaccharide (lps) were studied as a function of age. in cd-1 mice, spleen cell dna synthesis in response to stimulation by pha, con a and seb varied from 18% - 33% of adult values for the first 3 weeks of life. by 6 weeks, the pha response was 63% of the adult response and achieved adult values by 8 weeks of life. in contrast to these t-cell responses, dna sple ...	1975	1090516
enhancement of nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction by leukocytes exposed to a component of complement in the absence of phagocytosis.	enhancement of in vitro nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes may be mediated by a low molecular weight fluid phase component of the complement system. this occurs in the absence of phagocytosis and is associated with an increase in leukocyte hexose monophosphate shunt activity. the stimulatory component may be generated by activating the alternate complement pathway in serum, and shares many of the properties of human c5a. thus, the enhanced spontaneous reduc ...	1975	1090664
[bacteriocinogeny in yersinia enterocolitica].	bacteriocinogeny was found in 19.8 per cent of y. enterocolitica strains tested. it was designated by the authors as enterocoliticacinogeny and the substance produced by the pathogen was named enterocoliticacine. bacteriocinogeny was found among the collection strains isolated in the south primorye and not among the strains isolated abroad. some cultures of y. enterocolitica isolated abroad and in the south primorye were used as indicator strains for revealing enterocoliticacinogeny. enterocolit ...	1975	1091204
enterotoxigenic intestinal bacteria in tropical sprue. ii. effect of the bacteria and their enterotoxins on intestinal structure.		1975	1091526
purification and properties of rabbit reticulocyte protein synthesis elongation factor 2.	a homogeneous preparation of elongation factor 2 (ef-2) has been obtained from rabbit reticulocytes. ef-2, purified 1,960-fold, appears to be active as a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of approximately 100,000 based upon the following determinations: sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis (95,000); sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation (112,000); gel filtration (97,000); adp-ribosylation (103,000). the amino acid composition of rabbit reticulocyte ef-2 is almost identica ...	1975	1091638
comparison of fmet-trnaf and met-trnaf from escherichia coli and rabbit liver in initiation of hemoglobin synthesis.	a comparison has been made of the ability of the formylated and unformylated initiator trnas of escherichia coli and rabbit liver to participate in a number of model reactions of protein synthesis. these reactions include: (a) formation of a ternary complex composed of the initiator trna, gtp, and initiation factor mp; (b) apupg-directed binding of the initiator trna to 40 s subunits with initiation factor ml; (c) formation of the artificial dipeptide, methionylpuromycin; (d) formation of the na ...	1975	1091646
enterotoxigenic escherichia-coli-associated diarrheal disease in apache children.	a search for intestinal enterotoxigenic escherichia coli was made in 59 apache children hospitalized with 64 episodes of acute diarrhea. esch. coli isolates from acute-phase and convalescent-phase specimens of small-bowel fluid and stool were tested in three currently recognized models: the adult-rabbit ileal loop; infant rabbit; and the adrenal-cell assay. enterotoxigenic strains were isolated from 10 children during acute diarrheal episodes (16 per cent); none were isolated from convalescent-p ...	1975	1091855
a new method for assaying peptidyl-trna hydrolase.		1975	1092203
the effect of double-stranded cowpea mosaic viral rna on protein synthesis.	the effect of double-stranded cowpea mosaic viral rna on several in vitro protein synthesizing systems was studied. no inhibitory effect of this rna at concentrations up to 16 mug/ml was found in wheat germ protein synthesis programmed with cowpea mosaic viral-, alfalfa mosaic viral- or globin 9 s-rna. at high concentrations of this double-stranded rna, inhibition of escherichia coli in vitro protein synthesis programmed with ms-2- and cowpea mosaic viral-rna was found, whereas at low concentrat ...	1975	1092369
localization of d-lactate dehydrogenase in native and reconstituted escherichia coli membrane vesicles.	in the preceding paper the preparation and characterization of antiserum to purified d-lactate are described. in this paper the effects of the antibody on d-lactate dehydrogenase activity and d-lactate-dependent active transport in native escherichia coli ml 308-225 membrane vesicles and ml 308-225dld-3 vesicles reconstituted with d-lactate dehydrogenase are described. the results demonstrate that d-lactate dehydrogenase is inaccessible to antibody in native ml 308-225 vesicles, but readily acce ...	1975	1092688
direct influence of endotoxin on cellular respiration.	hepatocyte oxygen consumption was evaluated in vitro in 70 rabbits. in selected instances, escherichia coli endotoxin was added to a chamber containing either rabbit hepatocytes or hepatocyte homogenates. endotoxin directly depressed the respiration of intact rabbit hepatocytes. endotoxin also decreased the oxygen consumption of hepatocyte homogenates. the intact cell membrane is not an effective barrier to the deleterious effect of endotoxin. a patient in a state of endotoxic shock, in addition ...	1975	1093272
the effect of lysozyme on the complement-dependent bactericidal action of different antibody classes.	preparations of rabbit, dog and sheep iga, iga and igm were examined for their antibacterial effects using a complement-dependent bactericidal assay. igm and igg were efficient bactericidal antibodies in the presence of complement; iga, however, contained negligible activity. except for sheep igg no enhancement of bactericidal activity was observed in the presence of added lysozyme.	1975	1093969
immunological techniques for studying beta-lactamases.		1975	1094241
selective suppression of murine antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity by azathioprine.		1975	1094641
functional heterogeneity among the t-derived lymphocytes of the mouse. iii. helper and suppressor t-cells activated by concanavalin a.		1975	1095214
the in vitro and in vivo effects of carrageenin on humoral and cellular factors of natural resistance.	the inhibitory effect of carrageenin, a sulfated algal polygalactose, on humoral factors of natural resistance is discussed. in dependence on dose and time, the influence of non-specific and specific bacteriolysis, on the in vitro and in vivo opsonic activity and on the course of infection was studied.	1975	1095463
afebrile augmentation of fibrinogen and caeruloplasmin synthesis, and neutrocytosis induced by mycoplasma mycoides var. mycoides in the rabbit.		1975	1095615
release of chromatin template restriction in rabbit spermatozoa.		1975	1096874
incorporation of fluorotryptophans into proteins of escherichia coli.	a tryptophan-requiring strain of escherichia coli can go through two doublings of optical density after l-tryptophan is replaced in the medium by 4-fluorotryptophan, during which the fluoro analog displaces approximately 75% of the l-tryptophan in cell protein. one doubling occurs in the presence of 5- or 6-fluorotryptophan, with 50-60% replacement of l-tryptophan by analog. when beta-galactosidase is induced at the time of addition of analog, it reaches 60% of the control specific activity in t ...	1975	1096937
pyleonphritis as a side effect of hormonal contraception: an experimental research.	in animal experiments it was proved that contraceptives may cause considerable renal changes. it is necessary to call gynecologists' attention to possible side effects; the contrapaceptives are contra-indicated in chronic pyelonephritis.	1975	1097352
induction of disseminated intravascular coagulation by endotoxin and saline loading in rats. i. the influence on fibrinogen turnover and plasma parameters.		1975	1098219
common enterobacterial antigen in yersinia enterocolitica.	production of the common enterobacterial antigen (ca) by strains of yersinia enterocolitica (y.e.) serotypes 3 and 9 (winblad), by strains of 5 different y.e. serogroups (wauters) and various other bacteria was examined. antibody against ca was raised by immunization of rabbits with e. coli o 14. extract prepared from s. typhimurium was used for the sensitization of sheep erythrocytes with ca. absorption and haemagglutination inhibition experiments showed that ca could be detected in heat extrac ...	1975	1098394
study of escherichia coli o114 associated with a hospital outbreak.	escherichia coli o114 strains isolated from infants in the course of a hospital outbreak of enteritis were identical with type strain 26w in antigenic structure (o114:k90a, 90b), and in immunoelectrophoretic pattern (orskov's group 1bb) but differed from it in fermenting salicin late (18-22 days) and in phage pattern (group a4); the strains produced colicin and were lysogenic. pathogenicity of the organism was proved by igm type antibodies in a patient's serum rising in a titre of 1:128 and by i ...	1975	1098403
biology of infections of split thickness skin grafts.	the purpose of this study was to identify determinants of split thickness skin graft infection. the bacterial count of the experimental wounds was proportional to the incidence of infection in split thickness skin grafts. when the wound was heavily contaminated with 107 organisms, infection developed under most grafts. graft take frequently occurred in wounds subjected to a lower level of inoculum. the importance of bacterial counts as a determinant of potential skin graft infection was also sug ...	1975	1098503
factors involved in bactericidal activity of sheep serum.	the bactericidal activity of blood, plasma, and serum from sheep was measured with 3 strains of escherichia coli. plasma showed greater bactericidal activity than blood or serum for strains o78:k80(b) and lilly. the antibody-complement system of normal serum killed the rough strain, lilly, but neither antibody nor complement alone were bactericidal. antibody, complement, and an additional heat-stable cofactor were necessary for killing strain o78:k80(b). strain 3662 was not susceptible to the le ...	1975	1098531
enzymic hydrolysis of phosphonate esters.		1975	1100051
relationships of intestinal enzymes and serum antitoxin to the pig response to escherichia coli enterotoxin.	the intestinal loop technique was used to evaluate the response of three week old piglets to the heat labile (lt) and the heat stable (st) enterotoxins produced by escherichia coli f11(p155). the serum anti-lt activity and the lipase, amylase and trypsin activities in the jejunal lumen of these pigs were determined. piglets responded independently ti each toxin and no relationship between these responses and serum anti-lt activity or the enzyme activities of the jejunal content could be demonstr ...	1975	1100203
[blood pressure following experimental kidney injury in rabbits].		1975	1100990
complement activation in relation to protective function of antibodies to escherichia coli o antigens.	the relation between complement activation in an indirect hemolysis assay of e. coli o antibodies and their protective function in experimentally infected mice was analyzed. the antibody amounts and avidities were estimated in antisera and in igg and igm antibody fractions by the ammonium sulphate precipitation (asp) technique of farr. the protection obtained was due to both igg and igm antibodies and showed a close relation to the quantity of antibodies measured by the asp technique. no link be ...	1975	1101368
[the endotoxin from s-, r- and m-forms of enteropathogenic e. coli o 149: pyrogenicity, shwartzman-phenomenon and hypersensitivity (author's transl)].	the authors are interested in elucidation of the role of endotoxin from s, r- and m-forms of e. coli o 149, and of the role of hypersensitivity in pathogenesis of colibacillosis. it was shown in this experiment that all s, r- and m-form of e. coli o149 possess endotoxin with almost the same pyrogenicity in normal rabbits. the pyrogenicity increases enormously in the hypersensitized rabbit. there were also not observed differences between endotoxins extracted from s, r, m-mutnants. all 3 endotoxi ...	1975	1101577
masking of peptidyl transferase activity in polyribosomes.		1975	1101832
different effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide on neonatal immunological tolerance to hsa in rabbits and chickens.	addition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide to hsa during repeated immunization of rabbits neonatally rendered tolerant to hsa led to anti-hsa antibody formation in 4 out of 5 animals. in all 6 tolerant animals immunized with hsa alone tolerance persisted after cessation of the immunization series, as shown by non-immune elimination of 125i-hsa. on the other hand, immunization with hsa together with different doses of lps did not increase anti-hsa antibody levels in tolerant and control chickens.	1975	1104379
mechanisms of endotoxin tolerance. the role of the spleen.	splenectomy markedly impaired the production of circulating anti-endotoxin antibodies during the initial 10 days after .v. administration of a boivin preparation of escherichia coli endotoxin (et) in both rabbit and man. increase in antibodies with secondary (flocculating and bactericidal) activities were virtually abolished, whereas increases in antibodies with primary (binding) activity were significantly reduced. on the basis of these findings, splenectomized rabbit and man were employed to t ...	1975	1104660
a new method for producing a chronic e. coli pyelonephritis in rabbits.	chronic pyelonephritis, especially that caused by the most common invader e. coli, corresponding satisfactorily to the pathophysiology of the human disease is difficult to reproduce. we have developed a pattern of infection with which we succeeded reliably in producing a chronic e. coli pyelonephritis. this was achieved by inserting a plastic catheter into the renal pelvis. a suspension of e. coli was injected via the catheter into the renal pelvis of 32 rabbits. this pattern of infection takes ...	1975	1105218
readenylation of polyadenylate-free globin messenger rna restores its stability in vivo.	using an atp:rna adenyltransferase from escherichia coli, a polyadenylic sequence was resynthesized onto rabbit globin mrna from which the poly (a) segment had been previously removed. conditions for obtaining a homogenous reconstituted globin mrna preparation containing 30 adenylic residues per message molecule were determined. the reconstituted globin mrna was microinjected into xenopus laevis oocytes. its stability was very similar to that of native mrna.	1975	1107033
doublet frequencies in sequenced nucleic acids.	a doublet frequency count (set of frequencies of the 16 possible two-base sequences) can be calculated from the experimentally determined overall sequence of a nucleic acid. in this paper, a statistical methodology is developed for comparing such counts with random, with others of the same type or with doublet proportions found in whole dnas. the methods are applied to two major categories of sequenced rnas. it is found that vertebrate ribosomal and transfer rnas show significant differences fro ...	1975	1107565
content of elongation factor tu in escherichia coli.	the content of elongation factor tu in e. coli b has been determined both by radioimmune assay and by gdp binding. the two assays gave comparable results: cells growing at 2 doublings per hour contained about 8 molecules of tu per ribosome, whereas those growing at 0.22 doublings per hour contained about 14 molecules per ribosome. these levels resemble those reported for trna, in contrast with the 1:1 ratio of factor to ribosomes reported for elongation factors ts and g.	1975	1108000
strand-selective transcription of globin genes in rabbit erythroid cells and chromatin.	in order to investigate the symmetry of globin gene transcription, complementary rna (crna) was synthesized using rabbit globin complementary dna (cdna) as a template for escherichia coli dna-dependent rna polymerase (rna nucleotidyltransferase). the crna hybridized specifically to its own cdna template but not to sheep cdna, rabbit globin mrna, or poly(dt). hybridization studies with crna demonstrated that rna sequences transcribed from the dna strand complementary to the globin gene region (an ...	1975	1108006
cell-free transcription of mammalian chromatin. quantitative measurement of newly synthesized globin messenger rna sequences.	transcription of globin mrna sequences from rabbit marrow chromatin was detected by hybridization with globin complementary dna (cdna). the presence of newly synthesized rna in cdna-globin mrna hybrids isolated by cs2so4 density equilibrium centrifugation required the addition of both rabbit marrow chromatin and dna-dependent rna polymerase (escherichia coli) to the transcription reaction. no globin mrna sequences were detected in rna transcribed from rabbit liver chromatin or from rabbit marrow ...	1975	1184580
reconstitution of escherichia coli thioredoxin from complementing peptide fragments obtained by cleavage at methionine-37 or arginine-73.	thioredoxin from escherichia coli (a small hydrogen transport protein containing 108 amino acid residues and having in its oxidized form a single disulfide bond) was acylated with citraconic anhydride. citraconylation of all amino groups resulted in total loss of enzymatic activity with thioredoxin reductase and immunoprecipitin activity with antithioredoxin antibodies; both these activities were fully restored after deblocking of the citraconylated protein by acid treatment. large enzymatically ...	1975	803502
immunological studies of an antigen common to many gram-negative bacteria with special reference to e. coli. characterization and biological significance.	a number of different bacterial strains were analyzed for the presence of common antigens using immunodiffusion techniques. most of the studied e. coli strains had many common antigens. especially one antigen was found in all investigated e. coli as well as proteus and pseudomonas strains and antibodies to this antigen were also recognized in antimeningococcal antiserum. the antigen was found possibly to be at least partly a protein with low carbohydrate content located in the inner part of the ...	1975	803931
the effect of leukocyte hydrolases on bacteria. iii. bacteriolysis induced by extracts of different leukocyte populations and the inhibition of lysis by macromolecular substances.	the lysis of 14c-labeled bacteria by hydrolases of human and rabbit leukocytes was studied in vitro. while staphylococcus albus, streptococcus faecalis, and streptococcus mutans were highly susceptible to lysis, staphylococcus auresus was intermediate in its susecptibility to lysis by the leukocyte enzymes. group a streptococcus, listeria monocytogenes, shigella flexneri, escherichia coli, and mycobacterium smegmatis were very resistant to degradation by these enzymes. the lytic activity of leuk ...	1975	804017
the parenteral application of a new metacycline preparation, tri-metacycline.	tri-metacycline, one of the new tetracycline complexes (tritetracyclines), is prepared by mere dissolution of metacycline hydrochloride in an aqueous solution of the complexing agent. in vitro and in vivo studies show a high antibiotic activity. significantly lower mic values were found for tri-metacycline than for the parent compound. parenteral administration resulted in high sera and tissue values, without signs of accumulation; excretion via the kidneys was proved.	1975	804312
quantitation of escherichia coli o antibodies by direct and indirect agglutination in comparison with a radioimmunoassay.	titres of e. coli 06 antibody obtained with the direct bacterial agglutination (dba) technique, the indirect haemagglutination (iha) technique and the ammonium sulphate precipitation (asp) technique were compared using rabbit immune sera and igg and igm antibody fractions thereof, untreated as well as reduced from beta-mercaptoethanol (me). poor rank correlation was obtained between the different assays on sera whether reduced or not. however, statistically significant correlation was obtained f ...	1975	804452
[some patterns in the distribution of free and bound monomycin in the organs and tissues of immunized animals].	distribution of unbound and bound monomycin in rabbits immunized against paratyphoid fever and colibacteriosis was studied at various stages of the immunization. the studies showed that the immunological reconstruction had a definite effect on the distribution character and the processes of the antibiotic binding in the vaccinized rabbits. the binding processes in the lymphoid cells increased, while those in the parenchimatose cells decreased. the concentration of the unbound and bound preparati ...	1975	804844
regulation of initiation and elongation factor levels in escherichia coli as assessed by a quantitative immunoassay.	these studies are directed toward determining whether the structural genes for protein biosynthetic factors comprise an operon subject to coordinate regulation in escherichia coli. to assess coordinate expression of these genes, an immunoassay was devided to enable accurate quantitation of initiation and elongation factors in crude bacterial extracts. the antibodies made against highly purified initiation factor 2 (if-2a and if-2b) and elongation factor g (ef-g) are shown to inhibit the appropri ...	1975	805131
immunochemical properties of the membrane-bound d-lactate dehydrogenase from escherichia coli.	the preparation, characterization, and purification of antibody against the membrane-bound d-lactate dehydrogenase solubilized and purified from escherichia coli ml 308-225 are described. the antibody is highly specific for the flavin-linked d-lactate dehydrogenase, and incubation of the enzyme with antiserum results in marked inhibition of enzymatic activity. by means of a radioimmune assay, it is demonstrated that membrane vesicles prepared from e. coli ml 308-225dld-3 contain catalytically in ...	1975	805139
mitogenic effect of bacterial peptidoglycans possessing adjuvant activity.	two purified peptides extracted from e. coli or b. megaterium strongly stimulated the spleen lymphocytes of rabbits and of normal or nude mice. both preparations can substitute for mycobacteria in freund's complete adjuvant. the peptidoglycan extracted from m. lysodeikticus by a similar procedure which lacks adjuvant activity, did not induce blast transformation. however, the monomere of the e. coli peptidoglycan was devoid of mitogenicity although it has also a marked adjuvant activity.	1975	807626
laboratory studies with cefatrizine (sk + f 60771), a new broad-spectrum orally-active cephalosporin.	cefatrizine (sk&f 60771), a new orally-active semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, was compared with cephalexin and cefazolin for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity and pharmacokinetic behavior in laboratory animals. the average mic values obtained with cefatrizine against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were superior to those obtained with cephalexin and somewhat poorer than those of cefazolin. in addition, a large percentage of th ...	1975	808525
passive oral immunization with bovine immunoglobulins: enterpathogenic escherichia coli from infants and bovine anti-e. coli lactoserum assayed in the rabbit ileal loop model.	the effect of immune bovine lactoserum (bls) antipolyvalent enteropathogenic escherichia coli on bacterial growth, viability and bacteria-induced fluid accumulation was examined in rabbit ileal loops. human enteropathogenic e. coli strains 0125:k70 (b15), 0111:k58 (b4) and 055:k59 (b5) (1-3 x 10(9) per inoculum) induced secretion of 4-6 ml fluid per 10 cm loop. this effect was inhibited effectively by bls (corresponding to 50 mg igg 1 per loop) while the viability of bacteria counts decreased 2- ...	1975	765710
[antibody response to bacterial antigens administered orally].		1975	766784
purification of heat-labile enterotoxin from escherichia coli o78:h11 by affinity chromatography with antserum to vibrio cholerae toxin.	concentrated culture filtrate of escherichia coli o78:h11, strain h10407, was applied to an affinity column prepared with igg antibodies to the toxin of vibrio cholerae. elution of the retained material with 3 m kcns yielded a nonenterotoxic protein that precipitated with antiserum to v. cholerae toxin and had three major protein components on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels. after treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol, two protein components were observed. elution of the affinity column with 5 m guanidi ...	1976	768387
activation of heat-labile escherichia coli enterotoxin by trypsin.	trypsin-treated, cell-free filtrates derived from enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, strain h197 (o78:h11), exhibited a fourfold or greater increase in heat-labile vascular permeability factor activity and a 10-fold or greater increase in the ability to stimulate secretion of growth hormone by cultured rat pituitary cells. in contrast, trypsin-treated filtrates were not different from untreated filtrates in their ability to elicit a secretory response in ligated rabbit intestinal loops. however, ...	1976	768388
the effect of polymethylmethacrylate and antibiotic combinations on bacterial viability. an in vitro and preliminary in vivo study.	polymethylmethacrylate itself has a slight, long-term bacteriostatic effect on the growth of staphylococci, but while polymerizing the heat of polymerization and possibly the elaboration of monomer can be bactericidal to many pathogenic organisms. twelve antibiotics incorporated into polymethylmethacrylate cement retained their antibacterial activity for long periods in dry storage, but the antibiotics leached out of polymethylmethacrylate quite rapidly in vitro and in vivo. no antibiotic could ...	1976	765348
isolation and characterization of the lipopolysaccharide of chromatium vinosum.	lipolysaccharide was isolated from chromatium vinosum by phenol/water extraction. the lipopolysaccharide is found exclusively in the phenol phase and can be cleaved into a sugar moiety and a lipid a fraction by hydrolysis in 10% acetic acid at 100 degrees c for 3-4 h. the sugar moiety contains the neutral sugars 3-o-methyl-d-ribose, d-ribose, l-arabinose, mannosamine and glucose, and smaller quantities of d-rhamnose, d-glycero-d-manno-heptose (tentatively identified), quinovosamine and 2-keto-3- ...	1976	976262
diagnostic parameters in experimental renal infection.	urinary tract infections are commonly encountered in medical practice but their laboratory diagnosis presents many difficulties. in this study we have used experimental models to assess the value of serum antibody, urinary antibody, rheumatoid factor, and the histochemical examination of renal tissue as diagnostic parameters. under the conditions of the experiment the analyses did provide useful diagnostic information and may prove to be of value in the management of urinary tract infection in m ...	1976	766779
route of infection in extrahepatic biliary tract disease. i: experimental evidence against an entero-hepatico-biliary cycle of bacteria.	e. coli and strep. faecalis inoculated intravenously in normal rabbits produced initial concentrations of 10(6) bacteria per ml blood. culture of common duct bile collected continously via a catheter in the common duct, and of gallbladder bile aspirated by puncture, failed to demonstrate a passage of bacteria from blood to bile. sterile common duct bile and gallbladder bile in the presence of high counts of viable bacteria in blood, gallbladder wall and liver tissue demonstrated that the intact ...	1976	818701
spectroscopic evidence for the uneven distribution of adenine and uracil residues in ribosomal ribonucleic acid of drosophila melanogaster and of plasmodium knowlesi and its possible evolutionary significance.	rna was isolated from subribosomal particles of the malaria parasite plasmodium knowlesi. the nucleotide composition (mole fraction) of the principal species was obtained (s-rrna, 0.295a, 0.36u, 0.25g, 0.105c: l-rrna, 0.326a, 0.31u, 0.228g, 0.144c). ribosomal rna was also isolated from drosophila melanogaster. optical properties of these a + u-rich species were measured. in all four cases analysis of the hypochromic effect revealed that adenine and uracil residues tended to form clusters along t ...	1976	821475
chicken liver ribosomes: characterization of cross-reaction and inhibition of some functions by antibodies prepared against escherichia coli ribosomal proteins l7 and l12.		1976	824452
intraction of aminoacyl-trna synthetases with ribosomes and ribosomal subunits.	salt-washed ribosomes from rabbit reticulocytes stimulate seven partially purified aminoacyl-trna synthetases up to threefold: arginyl-, alanyl-, isoleucyl-, lysyl-, methionyl-, phenylalanyl- and valyl-trna synthetase. both isolated subunits but not total ribosomal rna show the stimulation. the increase in synthetase activity is also found in a highly purified escherichia coli system employing homogenous (e. coli)phenyl-alanyl-trna synthetase and (e. coli)- trnaphe. the biological significance o ...	1976	1252498
preparation and properties of a national reference endotoxin.	a large pool of refined endotoxin was prepared from escherichia coli o113 by extraction with hot acqueous phenol. it was characterized chemically and biologically and will be available for a reference standard designated as reference endotoxin ec.	1976	1254700
actin-like properties from escherichia coli: concept of cytotonus as the missing link between cell metabolism and the biological ion-exchange resin.	a protein fraction (a-l fraction) with characteristics reminiscent of muscle actin has been isolated from escherichia coli. the a-l fraction undergoes reversible aggregation under the same conditions in which actin is polymerized and depends primarily on potassium for its polymerization. this fraction, upon electrophoresis on acrylamide gels in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, exhibits a distinct peak at the characteristic molecular weight of 45,000. passage of skeletal muscle myosin thro ...	1976	1107311
enzyme-linked immunoassay: conjugation of the fab' fragment of rabbit igg with beta-d-galactosidase from e. coli and its use for immunoassay.	1. a method for the conjugation of the fab' fragment of rabbit igg with beta-d-galactosidase from escherichia coli is described. the method consists of two main steps: treatment of the fab' fragments containing sulfhydryl groups with excess n,n'-o-phenylenedimaleimide, to introduce maleimide residues into the fragments, and then incubation of the dimaleimide-treated fab' fragments with beta-d-galactosidase, which also contains sulfhydryl groups, to form the rabbit fab'-beta-d-galactosidase compl ...	1976	774986
antibodies to the triplet codons aaa, aac, and aug: reactions with nucleic acids.	antibodies specific for the trinucleotide codons aaa, aug, and aac were examined for their reactions with nucleic acids. anti-aug and anti-aac precipitated denatured dna. anti-aaa did not, and moreover, the binding of a tritiated aaa derivative to anti-aaa was not inhibited by denatured dna. radioligand-binding studies showed that anti-aaa was highly specific for the triplet sequence, some cross-reactions occurring with di-a and tetra-a but little with a and poly(a). the anti-codons did not prec ...	1976	774989
synthesis of dna complementary to the mrnas for milk proteins by e. coli dna polymerase i.	e.coli dna polymerase i (klenow subfragment) was used for the synthesis of complementary dna with the mrnas for rabbit milk proteins as templates. the cdna formed, contained 200 nucleotides and represented about 20% of the mrna template. the cdna was hybridized specifically to the mrna templates. the klenow subfragment of the e.coli dna polymerase i was as efficient as the avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase in the synthesis of cdna. the mean size of the cdna fragments obtained with ...	1976	775441
flaming of biopsy specimens for bacteriological culture: surface sterilization and effect on bacteria in the underlying tissue.	the effect of flaming (i.e. dipping biopsy specimens in alcohol and igniting them by drawing them rapidly through an open flame) on the reduction of bacterial surface contamination and on true bacterial concentrations in underlying tissue was investigated in different sizes of liver biopsy specimens in an experimental model suitable for quantitative and statistical calculations. different degrees of surface contamination and of bacterial concentrations in underlying tissue were examined after a ...	1976	775886
[use of media with antibiotics for isolating resistant forms of the cholera vibrios].	higher stability of resistance to tetracycline in the polyresistant strain of v. eltor under conditions of macroorganism as compared to nutrient media was found experimentally. to increase isolation of the resistant forms of the cholera vibrio it was recommended to use agar with tetracycline or other antibiotics depending on the particular case in addition to the routine media.	1976	776072
[antigenic properties of 1-asparaginases isolated from different species and strains of bacteria].	immunological relation of l-aspariginase isolated from different strains of e. coli and ervinia carotovera was investigated by the method of specific neutralization of the asparaginase effect on asparagin in the presence of immune antiasparaginase serum and the method of microprecipitation in agar. it was found that there was immunological relation between asparaginases of different strains of the same microbial species. at the same time common antigens were absent in asparaginases synthesized b ...	1976	776078
reversible envelope effects during and after killing of escherichia coli w by a highly-purified rabbit polymorpho-nuclear leukocyte fraction.	the effects of a highly-purified, potently bactericidal fraction from rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes on the envelope of escherichia coli (w) have been examined. this leukocyte fraction has equally enriched bactericidal, permeability-increasing and phospholipase a2 activities, and is essentially devoid of lysozyme, myeloperoxidase and protease activities (weiss, j., franson, r.c., beckerdite, s., schmeidler, k. and elsbach, p. (1975) j. clin. invest. 55, 33-42). rapid killing of e. coli by t ...	1976	776227
relationship of structure to function in bacterial endotoxins: serologically cross-reactive components and their effect on protection of mice against some gram-negative infections.	rabbit antisera were prepared against the heptoseless re mutants, salmonella minnesota r595 and s. typhimurium sli102, as well as against purified r595 glycolipid coated on autologous erythrocytes. the antisera cross-reacted with the endotoxic glycolipids extracted from re mutants of various bacterial strains, including s. minnesota r595, s. typhimurium sli102, escherichia coli d3im4, e. coli d2if2 and e. coli f515, as shown by passive haemagglutination and gel diffusion tests. the anti-re sera ...	1976	778329
antico-operative binding of bacterial and mammalian initiator trnamet to methionyl-trna synthetase from escherichia coli.		1976	781286
pharmacokinetics of a new skin wound cleanser.	iodophors are effective germicidal agents that have prolonged antiseptic activity in contaminated wounds. a nontoxic surfactant, pluronic f-68, has been used to formulate a safe and effective iodophor. the parameters necessary to regulate the activity of the iodophor were studied to develop a potent, yet safe bactericidal solution for use in human subjects. the parameters found to be most important were the ph of the solution and the concentration of sodium iodide. lowering the ph of iodophors i ...	1976	782268
an in vitro immuno-enzymatic assay of tumor antigens in the mouse with beta-galactosidase.	a method for detection of the primary binding of soluble tumor-associated antigens by antibodies has been developed by using an enzyme immunoassay (eia). a heteroantiserum was produced by injecting tumor cells from a chemically induced murine sarcoma into rabbits, and antibodies reacting with most normal tissue components were removed by exhaustive in vivo absorption. a soluble preparation of tumor cells, obtained by 3 m kcl extraction, was conjugated to beta-galactosidase from escherichia coli. ...	1976	784874
platelet inhibition of renal cortical fibrinolytic activity in the rabbit.	a fibrin slide test was utilized to study the effect of platelets and endotoxin on renal cortical fibrinolysis in rabbits. cortical lysis was absent in kidney from animals made markedly thrombocytopenic with goat antirabbit platelet serum or endotoxin; light microscopy was normal and immunofluorescent microscopy for fibrin was negative. no loss of lysis was detected in kidney of animals given goat anti-rabbit albumin or isotonic saline. plasma from animals with endotoxin or antiplatelet antibody ...	1976	785093