Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| post-transfusion hepatitis in australia. report of the australian red cross study. | post-transfusion hepatitis developed in 2% of 842 cardiac-surgery patients surveyed in sydney (4 cases per 1000 units of transfused blood). 3 of the 18 cases were caused by hepatitis b virus even though all units of blood which contained hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) had been rejected. 1 case was caused by cytomegalovirus, and there were 14 (78%) cases of non-a, non-b hepatitis. a significantly higher proportion of the units of blood given to the patients in whom non-a, non-b hepatitis dev ... | 1982 | 6119566 |
| acyclovir inhibits hepatitis b virus replication in man. | 1982 | 6120286 | |
| hbsag-like structures in immunosuppressed mice inoculated with human hepatitis b virus. | thymectomised and irradiated dba/2 mice were injected intraperitoneally with human serum containing high titer of hbsag, and were positive for hbsag. through the entire experiment neither degenerative and inflammatory lesions nor hepatitis b virus antigens could be detected in the liver of these animals by histomorphology and immunofluorescence, respectively. the sera of all these mice were negative for hbsag by radioimmunoassay. by electron microscopy, however, increasing amounts of filaments a ... | 1982 | 6127839 |
| vidarabine monophosphate and human leukocyte interferon in chronic hepatitis b infection. | ten young adult patients with chronic hepatitis b virus infection and positive hepatitis b e antigen and dna polymerase (dnap) levels were treated with alternating courses of seven to 28 days of 5 to 7.5 mg/kg of vidarabine monophosphate (adenine arabinoside monophosphate) and 28 days of human leukocyte interferon (ifn-alpha); three different regimens were given on an outpatient basis. all patients with a fall in their dnap level, and the dnap remained undetectable six months after treatment was ... | 1982 | 6175774 |
| hepatitis b virus vaccine: identification of hbsag/a and hbsag/d but not hbsag/y subtype antigenic determinants on a synthetic immunogenic peptide. | on the basis of theoretical considerations, a peptide (h peptide) was synthesized by hopp and woods [hopp, t. p. & woods, k. r. (1981) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 78, 3824---3828]. this peptide contains a sequence of six amino acids postulated to represent the major epitope, or antibody-combining site, of hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag). we have used passive hemagglutination inhibition with monospecific antibodies against the a, d, and y subdeterminants of this antigen and against human ... | 1982 | 6176997 |
| antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis b virus infection: pharmacokinetics and side effects of interferon and adenine arabinoside alone and in combination. | in an uncontrolled trial, 29 patients with chronic hepatitis b virus infection were treated with 93 courses of adenine arabinoside at doses ranging from 2.5 to 15 mg/kg per day. most patients were treated concomitantly with human leukocyte interferon. significant, but transient, neurotoxicity was seen with adenine arabinoside therapy in 44% of all courses. manifestations of toxicity were mainly neurological and ranged from pain syndromes to tremors and, rarely, seizures. suppression of numbers o ... | 1982 | 6177285 |
| surface antigenic determinants of mammalian "hepadnaviruses" defined by group- and class-specific monoclonal antibodies. | the hepatitis b-like viruses (human hepatitis b virus, woodchuck hepatitis virus, ground squirrel hepatitis virus, and duck hepatitis b virus) are hepatotropic dna viruses which have been referred to collectively as "hepadnaviruses." using a murine monoclonal antibody (101-2) to the surface antigen of woodchuck hepatitis virus, we have shown that the surface antigens of mammalian hepadnaviruses (hbsag, whsag, and gshsag) are antigenically related via a common determinant (hv/101). furthermore, a ... | 1982 | 6177867 |
| studies on hepatitis b virus antigens. i. separation of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) from human plasma and heterogeneity of the polypeptides in the antigen. | 1982 | 6178790 | |
| hepatitis b viral infection: part ii. public health aspects. | it is estimated that 200 million people worldwide, including 0.1 percent of the u.s. populations, are carriers of hepatitis b virus. the carrier state is defined as positivity for hepatitis b surface antigen for six or more months without additional features of acute or chronic infection. the risk of spreading hepatitis b virus depends on the infectivity of the carrier, the nature of exposure to the carrier and the susceptibility of the contact. at present, some types of exposure merit prophylax ... | 1982 | 6180619 |
| replication of the genome of a hepatitis b--like virus by reverse transcription of an rna intermediate. | duck hepatitis b virus, a dna virus closely related to human hepatitis b virus, was studied in infected duck liver. subviral particles resembling the viral nucleocapsid cores were isolated from persistently infected liver and shown to have a dna polymerase activity that utilizes an endogenous template and synthesizes both plus- and minus-strand viral dna. synthesis of the viral minus-strand dna utilized an rna template that was degraded as it was copied. viral plus-strand synthesis occurred on t ... | 1982 | 6180831 |
| demonstration of a single antigen-antibody system in 26 patients with non-a, non-b viral hepatitis. | 26 patients with viral hepatitis were selected on the basis of negative responses to serological tests for hepatitis b virus and hepatitis a virus infections. the illness was acute in 19 patients and chronic persistent in the remaining 7. immunodiffusion tests showed a single antigen-antibody system in the sera of all 26 patients. each patient had at least one serum sample positive for antigen or antibody. in 1 post-transfusion case, the corresponding immunological marker was found in the donor. ... | 1982 | 6181364 |
| immune response to synthetic peptide analogues of hepatitis b surface antigen specific for the a determinant. | recovery from a natural infection with hepatitis b virus or vaccination with purified envelope protein leads to production of antibodies against the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag). such physiologic response in man is generally directed against the a determinant of hbsag common to all serotypes of the virus. to define the immunochemical specificity of this determinant, the secondary structure of hbsag was derived from its sequence of 226 amino acids. hydrophilic stretches expected to contain ... | 1982 | 6181506 |
| ultrastructural analysis of hepatitis b surface antigen production in vitro. | recently several continuous cell lines (among these plc/prf/5 cells) producing hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) were established from human hepatocellular carcinomas. the cultured cells provide the first opportunity to study hbsag synthesis and secretion in vitro. hbsag, but not hbcag, was localized by the fluorescent antibody technique in the cytoplasm and on the surface of the cultured cells. under the electron microscope, th plc/prf/5 cells displayed morphologic characteristics of both hep ... | 1982 | 6182389 |
| monoclonal radioimmunoassays for hepatitis b surface antigen: demonstration of hepatitis b virus dna or related sequences in serum and viral epitopes in immune complexes. | high-affinity monoclonal igm and igg antibodies (anti-hbs) to hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) have recently been developed and used by us in the construction of highly sensitive radioimmunoassays for the detection of hbsag-associated determinants in serum. we now report that selected serum samples demonstrating monoclonal immunoreactive material also contain nucleic acid sequences complementary to hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna by molecular hybridization analysis. in addition, monoclonal radioi ... | 1982 | 6182569 |
| [enhancement of the activity of hepatitis b virus vaccine by association with murabutide]. | murabutide (n-acetyl-muramyl-l-alanyl-d-glutamine-alpha-butylester), an mdp analogue, is a potential adjuvant for human immunization. high levels of specific antibodies were obtained in mouse and guinea-pig following administration with murabutide of low dosages of anti-hepatitis b viral vaccine containing the surface antigen (hbs). the effect of murabutide was enhanced without increasing the level of specific ige by association with suboptimal dosages of aluminium hydroxide. | 1982 | 6218866 |
| interferons as antivirals in man. | interferons have now been used in both prophylaxis and treatment of a number of human viral infections. the major action has been as a prophylactic for sites within the body that are not yet involved by disease. such a prophylactic effect can be obtained early in the treatment of acute viral infection or even during chronic viral disease. both local and systemic prophylaxis have been achieved with regard to both respiratory and herpesviral illness. in addition, dane particle suppression can be a ... | 1982 | 6183684 |
| systemic antivirals for therapy of herpesvirus diseases. | several chemicals and interferons have been utilized in the prophylaxis and the treatment of a number of human herpesvirus infections. for example, adenine arabinoside as well as acyclovir and human leukocyte interferon appear active against acute varicella zoster and herpes simplex infections in controlled trials. some of these agents have transient in vivo actions against cmv and ebv as well. further open trial work with these 2 viruses appears necessary to improve dose regimens or to employ c ... | 1982 | 6187616 |
| nature of non-a, non-b hepatitis viruses. | 1982 | 6122953 | |
| could hepatitis-b-like non-a non-b hepatitis simply be seronegative hepatitis b? | 1982 | 6122954 | |
| viruses as environmental carcinogens: an agricultural perspective. | under natural circumstances tumor viruses can be considered as risk factors which in themselves are neither necessary nor sufficient to produce cancer; they may do so, however, if provided with suitable genetic and environmental conditions. it follows that a reduction in amount of virus or other environmental cofactors may prevent the associated tumors. in this paper we will consider four major families of viruses associated with cancer in animals and man, and will highlight the exogenous cofact ... | 1982 | 6756375 |
| hepatitis non a, non b. manifestations and implications of acute and chronic disease. | application of sensitive radioimmunoassays for the detection of hepatitis a and b viruses has demonstrated that up to 25% of cases of acute sporadic hepatitis and up to 90% of cases of posttransfusion hepatitis cannot be classified by etiologic agent and warrant designation as non-a, non-b hepatitis. epidemiologic studies have indicated a pattern of transmission similar to that of hepatitis b virus, with predominance of parenteral routes of spread. spontaneous resolution of acute infection fails ... | 1982 | 6811805 |
| [various forms of hepatitis]. | 1982 | 6803215 | |
| [prevalence of antibodies against agents causing hepatitis, malaria, syphilis and toxoplasmosis in 5 different human populations of the brazilian amazonia]. | 1982 | 6760350 | |
| hepatitis b virus vaccine safety: report of an inter-agency group. | this article summarizes the findings of the inter-agency group to monitor vaccine development, production, and usage on the safety of hepatitis b virus vaccine. because this vaccine is prepared in the us from human plasma containing hepatitis surface antigen, concerns had been raised about its safety and efficacy. the inter-agency group found the following: 1) immediate side effects are minimal after receipt of the vaccine, 2) no longterm reactions have been reported, 3) the purification and ... | 1982 | 6815462 |
| changing epidemiological characteristics of acute viral hepatitis in greece. | we have studied the epidemiological characteristics of acute viral hepatitis (avh) in adult patients admitted to the infectious diseases hospital of athens in 1980. commercially available radioimmunoassays were used for the detection of the hepatitis b surface antigen, its antibody, the antibody to the core of the hepatitis b virus (hbv) and the igg and igm antibody to the hepatitis a virus (hav). hbv was responsible for 59.9%, hav for 20.4% and hepatitis non-a, non-b virus for the remaining 19. ... | 1982 | 6802765 |
| simultaneous acute infections with hepatitis non-a, non-b, and b viruses. | a case of overt acute hepatitis acquired through accidental needle stick was reported. the episode of hepatitis was classified as non-a, non-b because no hepatitis b marker or igm-anti-hav was detected during the peak of hepatitis. concurrent with non-a, non-b hepatitis, subclinical acute hepatitis b virus infection might have developed as evidence by de novo hepatitis b seroconversion 6 weeks later. it was concluded that hepatitis b and non-a, non-b viruses can be transmitted simultaneous by th ... | 1982 | 6807662 |
| [passive prophylactic immunisation against post-transfusion hepatitis by immunoglobulin preparations: a prospective clinical study]. | in the course of a randomised prospective study involving 98 patients who had undergone cardiac surgery, 51 patients were given 20 g human immunoglobulin i.v. over four months, 47 received merely blood transfusions, like all other patients, averaging 4.4 units per patient. antibodies against hbs antigen or hbc antigen were present in 20% of patients before operation. after operation (plus blood transfusions) antibodies against hepatitis-b virus were demonstrated in 43% of the control group but 9 ... | 1982 | 6811237 |
| dialysis-associated hepatitis in edinburgh; 1969-1978. | in 1969-1970 there was a sharp outbreak of hepatitis associated with hemodialysis in two edinburgh hospitals; mortality was 24% among renal patients and 31% in staff members. the epidemiology of the outbreak, the measures taken to control it, and the efforts made to exclude hepatitis b virus infections during an eight-year period after the outbreak, were reviewed in the light of a retesting of stored specimens by modern diagnostic techniques for hepatitis a and b viruses. this review reveals tha ... | 1982 | 6812192 |
| non-a non-b hepatitis. | 1982 | 6812228 | |
| viral hepatitis. | three forms of viral hepatitis can be recognized: hepatitis a, hepatitis b, and hepatitis non-a, non-b. hepatitis a is caused by a picornavirus, is transmitted by the faceal-oral route, does not become chronic, and no chronic virus carriers exist. the virus can be grown in cell cultures, and killed as well as live attenuated virus vaccines are under development. hepatitis b is caused by an enveloped virus containing a circular, double-stranded form of dna. the disease is transmitted parenterally ... | 1982 | 6817933 |
| detection and transmission in chimpanzees of hepatitis b virus-related agents formerly designated "non-a, non-b" hepatitis. | four chimpanzees have been infected with three different inocula containing "non-a, non-b" hepatitis virus(es). after inoculation, serial studies established the presence of antigenemia or viremia (or both) by radioimmunoassay with high-affinity monoclonal antibodies directed toward separate and distinct determinants on hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and by molecular hybridization analysis using a cloned hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna probe. in contrast to results observed during hbv infection ... | 1982 | 6818547 |
| non-a, non-b hepatitis: a contemporary assessment. | the current status of non-a, non-b (nanb) hepatitis is reviewed with respect to: (i) epidemiology and incidence of posttransfusion and sporadic nanb hepatitis; (ii) experimental transmission of nanb hepatitis; (iii) serologic tests and the evidence for virus-like nanb agents; (iv) clinical features of nanb hepatitis as compared to hepatitis b; (v) indication and impact of therapeutic and preventive measures against nanb hepatitis. without specific markers for nanb infection, non-a, non-b hepatit ... | 1982 | 6819208 |
| [virus-induced liver diseases in humans. i. viral hepatitis]. | although many viral agents may be associated with inflammatory hepatic changes, the vast majority of clinically important viral hepatitis is caused by hepatitis a, hepatitis b and the non a, non b agents. infection of the liver of man by these hepatotropic agents is still a major public health problem in all parts of the world and constitutes a major hazard of the transfusion of blood and plasma derivatives. the magnitude of this hepatitis problem is not only documented by the about 200 million ... | 1982 | 6819482 |
| [immunohistological study of the localization of hepatitis b virus associated antigens in human pancreatic tissue (author's transl)]. | 1982 | 7047808 | |
| human papillomavirus 1a complete dna sequence: a novel type of genome organization among papovaviridae. | the complete nucleotide sequence of human papillomavirus type 1a (7811 nucleotides) has been established. the overall organization of the viral genome is different from that of other related papovaviruses (sv40, bkv, polyoma). firstly, genetic information seems to be coded by one strand. secondly, no significant homology is found with sv40 or polyoma coding sequence for either dna or deducted protein sequences. the relatedness of human and bovine papillomaviruses is revealed by a conserved codin ... | 1982 | 6325156 |
| quantitation of hepatitis b viral markers in a dental school population. | ample evidence exists that dentists and dental personnel are vulnerable to hepatitis b disease. epidemiologic studies, which provide a further understanding of the prevalence, infectious nature, and risks of transmission of the hepatitis b virus, are particularly significant in a dental school environment because of the insidious nature of the virus. screening should be done for anti-hbs because it is the most reliable marker for hepatitis b infection and is generally believed to confer immunity ... | 1982 | 6951863 |
| selecting binding and complement-mediated lysis of human hepatoma cells (plc/prf/5) in culture by monoclonal antibodies to hepatitis b surface antigen. | high-affinity 125i-labelled monoclonal antibodies to hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag) bind to human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, plc/prf/5, which synthesizes and secretes hbsag. these monoclonal antibodies of the igg1, igg2a, and igm isotypes are directed against different antigenic determinants on hbsag and, in the presence of complement, both anti-hbs igg2a and igm, but not anti-hbs igg1, lyse plc/prf/5 cells in culture. although there is a low level of anti-hbs binding (especi ... | 1982 | 6952217 |
| nucleotide sequence of a cloned woodchuck hepatitis virus genome: comparison with the hepatitis b virus sequence. | the complete nucleotide sequence of a woodchuck hepatitis virus genome cloned in escherichia coli was determined by the method of maxam and gilbert. this sequence was found to be 3,308 nucleotides long. potential atg initiator triplets and nonsense codons were identified and used to locate regions with a substantial coding capacity. a striking similarity was observed between the organization of human hepatitis b virus and woodchuck hepatitis virus. nucleotide sequences of these open regions in t ... | 1982 | 7086958 |
| transcription of the hepatitis b surface antigen gene in mouse cells transformed with cloned viral dna. | mouse l cells transformed with recombinant plasmids carrying hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna fragments were used to study the transcription of the viral surface antigen gene (gene s). an hbv-specific, polyadenylated, 2.3-kilobase rna was mapped on the hbv genome. this rna hybridized with approximately 75% of the genome and excluded the region of the hbv core antigen gene (gene c). the 2.3-kilobase rna species was present only in cell lines that produced hepatitis b surface antigen. an hbv-specific 2 ... | 1982 | 7086959 |
| specificity of t lymphocyte cytotoxicity to autologous hepatocytes in chronic hepatitis b virus infection: evidence that t cells are directed against hbv core antigen expressed on hepatocytes. | peripheral blood t lymphocytes from 21 patients with chronic hbv infection were incubated with autologous hepatocytes in a microcytotoxicity assay. cytotoxicity was significantly increased in 13 cases, and in 12 of these the cytotoxic effect of the t lymphocytes was inhibited by preincubating the liver cells with igg containing antibodies to the hepatitis b core antigen (hbcag). normal human igg and igg containing antibodies to the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) were without effect. control ... | 1982 | 6982941 |
| synthesis and assembly of hepatitis b virus surface antigen particles in yeast. | the surface antigens of hepatitis b virus (hbsag) has been synthesized in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae by using an expression vector that employs the 5'-flanking region of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase i as a promotor to transcribe surface antigen coding sequences. the protein synthesized in yeast is assembled into particles having properties similar to the 22-nm particles secreted by human cells. | 1982 | 7045698 |
| an assay for the detection of the dna genome of hepatitis b virus in serum. | 1982 | 7061996 | |
| specificity of hepatitis b virus affinity for human hepatic tissue. | using radiolabeled purified hepatitis b surface antigen and human liver slices, the affinity of hepatitis b virus to its host organ was evaluated. saturable adsorption of the 125i-hbs ag complex to liver was demonstrated over both time and complex concentration which could be blocked by excess unlabeled antigen. the specific binding was not found using human pancreas, lung, or kidney tissue. correspondingly, no specific binding could be found for murine liver but it could be demonstrated with wo ... | 1982 | 7069406 |
| core particles of hepatitis b virus and ground squirrel hepatitis virus. ii. characterization of the protein kinase reaction associated with ground squirrel hepatitis virus and hepatitis b virus. | the recently described protein kinase activity in hepatitis b virus core antigen particles (albin and robinson, j. virol. 34:297-302, 1980) has been demonstrated here in the liver-derived core particles of ground squirrel hepatitis virus. both protein kinase activities were initially associated with dna polymerase-positive heavy core particles in cscl density equilibrium gradients and shifted to polymerase-negative cores during the course of purification. the major core-associated polypeptide of ... | 1982 | 7109041 |
| presence and state of woodchuck hepatitis virus dna in liver and serum of woodchucks: further analogies with human hepatitis b virus. | 1982 | 7112938 | |
| infection with delta agent in sweden: introduction of a new hepatitis agent. | to investigate the epidemiology of infection with delta (delta) agent in a swedish city, 181 chronic carriers of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and 599 patients with acute, self-limited hepatitis b were analyzed for delta antigen and antibody to delta antigen (anti-delta). the study covered the period from 1970 to 1981. the delta agent was found to have been introduced to this population in 1973. markers of infection with delta agent were almost exclusively found in intravenous drug addicts ... | 1982 | 7119477 |
| etiology of viral hepatitis in american soldiers. | to define better which types of hepatitis are prevalent among american soldiers, the authors studied 413 separate episodes of acute viral hepatitis among 412 soldiers admitted to us army hospitals during 1978-1979. most soldiers (68.8%) had acute hepatitis b (estimated annual hospitalization rate: 5.41/1000 soldiers in west germany, 2.51/1000 in south korea, less than 1/1000 in the united states). subtype ayw was predominant in germany, whereas adr was predominant in south korea. hepatitis b was ... | 1982 | 7124711 |
| viral hepatitis in pregnancy: the obstetrician's role. | 1982 | 7127929 | |
| electron microscopy of human hepatitis b virus cores by negative staining-carbon film technique. | the ultrastructure of the nucleocapsid component of human hepatitis b virus (core particle) was studied by negative staining-carbon film technique. using this method an improved image of core particles was obtained in respect of resolution and contrast. two-dimensional crystalline arrays of core particles were formed in vitro. under these arrays the distance between the particle centers was 28.3 nm, corresponding to the capsid diameter, when analyzed through optical diffraction patterns. positiv ... | 1982 | 7142979 |
| biological characterization of acute infection with ground squirrel hepatitis virus. | ground squirrel hepatitis virus (gshv) is a small dna virus, structurally and antigenically related to the human hepatitis b virus, which occurs naturally among certain wild populations of ground squirrels (p. l. marion et al., proc. natl. acad. sci. u.s.a. 77:2941-2945, 1980). serum from naturally infected animals was used to transmit gshv in the laboratory by parenteral inoculation of susceptible squirrels. sixty percent of recipient animals developed viral surface antigenemia after a latent p ... | 1982 | 7143570 |
| effect of human fibroblast interferon (inf-beta) on hepatitis b virus dna in serum. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna was measured by a hybridization technique in the sera of three patients with hbsag-positive chronic active hepatitis treated with fibroblast interferon (inf-beta). although dna polymerase activity was undetectable in all patients 2-4 weeks after the beginning of the treatment, hbv-dna was always present in two patients and disappeared in the only patient who showed marked clinical and histopathological improvement of the liver disease after inf treatment. this suggest ... | 1982 | 7150711 |
| [use of hepatitis b virus vaccine in volunteer donors already immunized against this virus]. | forty nine blood donors immune to hbv have been volunteers to receive a single dose of hepatitis b vaccine (hevac b from pasteur institute production). the initial mean level of anti-hbs was 20 iu/ml (from 5 to 75 iu/ml). the maximum level was observed at the consecutive plasma donation usually 1 month and a half after the vaccine injection. the mean maximum level was 188 iu/ml (from 7 to 800 iu/ml). i.e. an increase of 9 times the initial level. six donors have developed a very weak immune resp ... | 1982 | 7163728 |
| characterization of antigen moiety of hbsag in the complement fixing immune complexes of hepatitis b virus positive chronic active hepatitis. | circulating immune complexes (cic) are frequently found in hepatitis b virus-induced chronic active hepatitis. since antigen and antibody moieties of complexes are critical in determining many of its pathogenic factors, the constituents of these complexes were investigated with particular attention to the quantity and nature of the hbs antigen moiety of the complexes. complement fixing immune complexes were isolated from sera of 14 patients with chronic active hepatitis by utilizing conglutinin' ... | 1982 | 7172494 |
| [hepatitis b antigens (surface and e) and their antibodies in viral hepatitis patients, pregnant women and newborn infants in the mongolian people's republic]. | the presence of hbs antigen and antibody to it was studied in 516 patients with acute viral hepatitis, convalescents, and patients with chronic liver diseases, 613 pregnant women, and 265 newborn babies using the gel precipitation test, and some of them (747 persons) by the reverse passive hemagglutination (rpha) test. a high rate of hbs findings was observed both in patients with acute viral hepatitis (54.2%, rpha) and in convalescents and patients with chronic liver diseases (44.9%, rpha). des ... | 1982 | 7072229 |
| preparation of hepatitis b polypeptide micelles from human carrier plasma. | water-soluble protein micelles consisting of the 28,000 (gp28) and 23,00 (p23) molecular weight polypeptide complex of hepatitis b surface antigen can be readily prepared from human plasma containing the surface antigen and other markers of infection with hepatitis b virus. the antigenic activity of the polypeptides was preserved throughout the process of solubilisation and reassociation into micelles. such preparations are therefore eminently suitable as "second generation" hepatitis b vaccines ... | 1982 | 7076783 |
| [clinical relevance of immunoglobulin m antibody fraction against hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc-igm) (author's transl)]. | forty-four anti-hbc positive patients with various liver diseases were followed up over 2-3 years with enzyme-immunological determinations of the igm fraction of anti hbc (anti-hbc-igm). patients with acute virus hepatitis b (n = 10) had anti-hbc-igm titres greater than or equal to 10(-3) in the acute phase. in the reconvalescent phase the titre decreased significantly but was still detectable at a level of 10(-1) two years after the onset of the disease. in patients with hbs-antigen positive ch ... | 1982 | 7084068 |
| immunotherapy in nude mice of human hepatoma using monoclonal antibodies against hepatitis b virus. | the human hepatoma cell line plc/prf/5, which contains integrated hepatitis b virus dna, synthesises and secretes hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag). when injected into balb/c nude mice, these cells produce well-vascularized, encapsulated tumours in almost 100% of animals. hbsag has been demonstrated on the surface and in the cytoplasm of plc/prf/5 cells using immunofluorescence techniques. recently, we reported that monoclonal antibodies to hbsag (igg1, igg2a and igm isotypes) bind to hb ... | 1982 | 7099252 |
| a human hepatoma cell line (pcl/prf/5) produces lung metastases and secretes hbsag in nude mice. | plc/prf/5 is a human liver cancer cell line which synthesizes hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hgsab). these cells produced tumor in 6 of 8 (75%) congenitally athymic nude mice at 13 of 28 subcutaneous injection sites and in 13 of 14 (93%) mice inoculated intraperitoneally. tumors were successfully transplanted to 4 of 6 additional nude mice. tumor growth was rapid. growth of cephalad tumors was significantly greater than for caudal tumors (0.39 mm/day versus 0.28 mm/day). microscopic examinat ... | 1982 | 6889516 |
| kinetics of thermal denaturation of antithrombin iii. | purified antithrombin iii (at iii), a single-chain human plasma glycoprotein, molecular weight 58,000 daltons, and one of the major serine protease inhibitors, was heated in the 60-70 degrees c range for inactivating possible contaminations by hepatitis b virus (hbv). loss of inhibitory activity, unfolding of tertiary structure, and the rate of aggregate formation of at iii were monitored experimentally during heatig. sucrose and sodium citrate were demonstrated to stabilize the protein. from th ... | 1982 | 18546103 |
| late transient expression of human hepatitis b virus genes in monkey cells. | the expression of human hepatitis b virus (hbv) surface (hbs) and e (hbe) antigens has been studied comparatively in monkey and mouse cell lines co-transfected with hbv dna and the dominant selective marker aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase gene. we have found that the kinetics and stability of expression of the hbs gene varies with the cell lines used. only a late transient expression of both hbs and hbe is observed between 1 and 5 weeks after transfection in monkey kidney vero cells transfe ... | 1983 | 11894903 |
| characterization of the circulating immune complexes in acute and chronic liver diseases. | the composition of immune complexes (ic) found in 28 patients with hbsag positive and negative acute and chronic hepatitis was analysed. components were defined in peg-precipitated material isolated by preparative ultracentrifugation on linear sucrose density gradients and analysed by the ouchterlony plate technique and by the radioimmunoassay of hepatitis b virus markers. sedimentation rate ranged from 8 to 19s in the serum of patients with chronic hepatitis, whereas heavier ic (greater than 19 ... | 1983 | 6864764 |
| hepatitis b virus infection in cultured human lymphoblastoid cells. | since it has been postulated that liver hepatocytes may become infected by hepatitis b virus (hbv) in vivo through direct contact with infected macrophages, the possibility that a circulating cell of hematopoietic origin might be susceptible to infection with hbv was investigated. cells positive for hbv surface antigen were identified in aspirates of bone marrow cells from people infected with hbv. these cells were used to prepare a lymphoblastoid suspension culture that contains hbv-infected ce ... | 1983 | 6867736 |
| therapeutic effect of a low dosage of human leukocyte interferon on chronic hepatitis b virus infection. | a low dosage of human leukocyte interferon was intramuscularly given to 47 patients with hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) positive chronic active hepatitis once a week for 4 consecutive weeks (10 x 10(5), 5 x 10(5), 2 x 10(5) and 1 x 10(5) u). after treatment, a reduction of serum hbsag was observed in 26 patients; 3 of them showed no serum hbsag and 1 of the 3 appeared to produce antibody to hbsag. 31 of 34 patients investigated showed a significant decrease in dane particle-associated dna-p ... | 1983 | 6873506 |
| virus receptors for polymerized human serum albumin and anti-receptor antibody in hepatitis b virus infection. | 1983 | 6322199 | |
| cloning and restriction mapping of human hbv genome serotype adr. | a bam hi cleaved 3.2 kb fragment from the hbv adr genome was cloned in e. coli using pbr322 as vector. sixteen restriction sites from the action of bam hi, hind iii, bgl i, bgl ii, ava i, hinc ii, sph i, xba i, xho i and sst ii were determined and mapped. no cleavage sites were found for eco ri, pst i, sma i, hpa i, kpn i, pvu ii and sst i. the restriction map for hbv adr is significantly different from those reported for the subtypes adw, ayw and adyw. | 1983 | 6318310 |
| [liver cirrhosis in asia and africa]. | whereas in europe and north america high alcohol consumption is a very frequent cause of cirrhosis of the liver, im many asian and african countries hepatitis b virus is the most important etiologic agent. own observations in 345 patients with liver cirrhosis serve to illustrate the etiologic factors, age, sex and causes of death of this disease in japan. 25 of the patients also had primary hepatocellular carcinoma. hepatitis b virus infection appears to be a frequent cause of cirrhosis of the l ... | 1983 | 6318465 |
| inactivation of hepatitis b virus by three methods: treatment with pepsin, urea, or formalin. | dilutions of human sera containing between 10(3) and 10(5) chimpanzee infectious doses of hepatitis b virus per ml, subtype adr or ayw, were treated with either 1 microgram/ml pepsin at ph 2.0 for 18 hours, 8 m urea for four hours, or 1:4,000 formalin for 72 hours. one ml of the serum containing hepatitis b virus subjected to each of the procedures was inoculated intravenously into one or two susceptible chimpanzees (total of eight chimpanzees). no evidence of hepatitis b infection was detected ... | 1983 | 6403664 |
| inactivation of hepatitis b virus and non-a, non-b hepatitis by chloroform. | to determine whether a non-a, non-b hepatitis agent contained essential lipids, we extracted with chloroform a dilution of human plasma that contained approximately 10(4) chimpanzee infectious doses of non-a, non-b hepatitis virus and then tested for infectivity in chimpanzees. in addition, we treated a serum containing hepatitis b virus in the same way. both of these samples were also sham extracted as controls. known chloroform-sensitive and chloroform-resistant viruses were added directly to ... | 1983 | 6409813 |
| strategies for detection of transfusion-transmitted viruses eluding identification by conventional serologic tests. i. radioimmunoassay for picogram quantities of dna. | the unavailability of serological tests for detection of several not yet characterized infectious agents transmitted by blood transfusion or by blood products prompted the development of alternative tests based on utilization of labeled nucleic acid probes specific for genomes of each of these agents. the prerequisite for the preparation of such probes is the demonstration in human plasma of nucleic acid sequences distinct from those present in host dna or in genes of already characterized virus ... | 1983 | 6417151 |
| [vaccination against hepatitis. present and future]. | hepatitis a virus, a member of the picornavirus group, has been adapted to growth in cell culture. recently developed inactivated vaccines and attenuated hepatitis a strains are presently used in first field advance. hepatitis b virus is prototype of the hepadna virus group. based on purification of viral surface antigene (hbs ag) from human sera, a safe and effective vaccine has been developed, which is now available for general use. future vaccines against hepatitis b are presently developed w ... | 1983 | 6303926 |
| antiviral vaccines/cancer prophylactics? | 1983 | 6304361 | |
| [fight against infective diseases. consequences of the persistence in time of hepatitis b virus in the human body]. | 1983 | 6304574 | |
| a hepatitis b surface antigen polypeptide (p31) with the receptor for polymerized human as well as chimpanzee albumins. | hepatitis b virus, and hepatitis b surface antigen particles co-occurring with hepatitis b e antigen, have the receptor for polymerized human and chimpanzee albumins that may be involved in the hepatotropism of hepatitis b virus. we identified the receptor on a hepatitis b surface antigen polypeptide with a molecular size of 31,000 daltons (p31). p31 bound to polymerized albumins from human and chimpanzee, but did not react with polymerized albumins from the experimental animals without suscepti ... | 1983 | 6305755 |
| the gene s promoter of hepatitis b virus confers constitutive gene expression. | the properties of the promoter of the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) were studied using recombinants containing either this promoter or the sv40 early promoter. mouse l cells were transfected with these recombinants and the levels of gene expression obtained with the two promoters were compared. the level of expression of a cellular gene, the human fibroblast interferon gene, obtained with the hbsag promoter was comparable to that obtained with the sv40 early promoter. similarly when the hb ... | 1983 | 6306597 |
| [hepatitis and imported infectious diseases. a. hepatitis. 1. virologic findings in acute hepatitis]. | the properties of the hepatitis-a-virus and the hepatitis-b-virus are described. the authors refer to the fact that despite the far-reaching development, particularly in the field of the hepatitis-b-infection up to a usable active immunoprophylaxis many questions concerning the natural history, pathogenesis and epidemiology are still unclarified. the development of demonstration methods of the 3rd generation and their use in the diagnostics of hepatitis rendered possible the gain of new realizat ... | 1983 | 6306936 |
| complexes of hepatitis b surface antigen and immunoglobulin m in the sera of patients with hepatitis b virus infection. | hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) bound to immunoglobulin m (igm) was detected in sera of hbsag carriers by a radioimmunoassay based on selective absorption of the immunoglobulin on a solid phase coated with antiserum to human igm. isopycnic banding and rate-zonal sedimentation have shown that the reaction is related to particulate forms of the hbsag complexed with igm. the binding of igm possibly occurred because of a selective affinity of these molecules to the surface of hbsag particles. hb ... | 1983 | 6309673 |
| oncological consequences of impaired immune surveillance against ubiquitous viruses. | the immune system is constantly challenged by ubiquitous viruses. multiple immune defenses have evolved to meet these challenges, and thus immunocompetent individuals successfully respond to infection without sequela. x-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome patients, renal allograft recipients, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients share impaired immune surveillance as a common feature. such individuals are variously susceptible to numerous untoward complications following infection with ... | 1983 | 6309892 |
| synthesis of hepatitis b surface antigen in mammalian cells: expression of the entire gene and the coding region. | we have constructed two simian virus 40 early replacement recombinants that have the coding sequences for hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag). one construction, lsv-hbsag, has the coding region for hbsag but not the portion encoding the putative pre-surface antigen leader. transformed monkey kidney cells (cos) infected with this recombinant express large quantities of the characteristic partially glycosylated hbsag molecule, which are assembled into 22-nm particles that appear similar to t ... | 1983 | 6310147 |
| rearrangement of the surface antigen gene of hepatitis b virus integrated in the human hepatoma cell lines. | the rearrangement of integrated hbv dna sequences in three different hepatoma cell lines, huh-1, huh-2, kg-55-t from japanese patients, were studied by blot hybridization using whole hbv genome or a hbsag or hbcag dna as a probe. the characteristic existence of multiple integration sites of hbv dna sequences in each hindiii-restricted hepatoma cell dna was revealed by the hbv genome probe. detection of the isolated hbsag gene in the hindiii fragment indicates that the integration of hbv dna was ... | 1983 | 6310497 |
| [albumin receptors on isolated human hepatocytes. studies by phase contrast and scanning electron microscopy]. | in the present work a minibead method has been employed to study human hepatocyte receptors for albumin-coupled latex particles. the cell-latex reaction was observed in both phase contrast and scanning electron microscopy. it has been demonstrated that human hepatocytes exhibit bindings sites for different forms of glutaraldehyde-treated albumin, and the ligand has proved to be species-nonspecific. the albumin binding activity is temperature-dependent and can be only partially blocked by preincu ... | 1983 | 6312378 |
| [human oncogenic viruses]. | human oncogenic viruses are ubiquitous pathogens which only in frequently exhibit their malignant potential under natural conditions. they are either arn viruses, also called retroviruses, of which little is known in man, or dna viruses belonging to various families (papovavirus, adenovirus, herpes virus, hepatitis b virus), some of which are very specifically associated with certain human carcinomas. in vitro, these viruses induce "cell transformation" producing malignant cells with unregulated ... | 1983 | 6312566 |
| hepatitis b virus dna and human hepatocellular carcinoma. | 1983 | 6314366 | |
| non-a, non-b hepatitis viruses. | 1983 | 6314877 | |
| albumin binding sites of human hepatocytes. | recent studies of hepatitis b virus suggest that polymeric human serum albumin may facilitate the attachment of the virus via albumin receptors to hepatocytes during the infectious process. if this hypothesis is correct, hepatocytes should express binding sites for polymeric albumin. we employed the red blood cell adherence test using albumin-coated red blood cells as indicator cells on frozen sections of normal human livers to demonstrate these binding sites. hepatocytes showed binding activity ... | 1983 | 6316067 |
| further studies on production and characterization of hbsag derived from a human hepatoma cell line (plc/prf/5). | four aspects for the use of plc/prf/5 cell line as an alternative source of hbsag for hepatitis b vaccine production were assayed in this study: improvement in hbsag production with chemical inducers, tests for the presence of hepatitis b virions, antigenic topology of hbsag polypeptides and immunogenicity of hbsag in guinea pigs. 10(-6) m dexamethasone and/or 10(-4) m sodium butyrate treatments enhanced hbsag production by a factor of approximately two when compared with untreated cells. partic ... | 1983 | 6317496 |
| [antibodies against human t-cell leukemia virus (htlv) in male homosexuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. | 1983 | 6318098 | |
| hepatitis b vaccine--what to expect. | following up the pioneering work of dr. saul krugman of new york university school of medicine, scientists have spent more than 10 years developing a hepatitis b vaccine. vaccine consists of purified, inactivated, noninfectious surface protein of hepatitis b virus; it is derived from particles of incomplete virus surface protein extracted from plasma collected from human carriers of hepatitis b virus. observations in more than 13,000 human vaccinees indicate that the vaccine is highly effective ... | 1983 | 6355957 |
| evidence of non-a, non-b hepatitis in children with acute leukemia and chronic liver disease. | eleven children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic liver disease, who had negative reactions for hepatitis b virus markers in the liver, were studied at the time of therapy withdrawal for an antigen-antibody system linked to non-a, non-b (nanb) hepatitis infection. by immunofluorescence, six of the 11 children had a positive reaction for the nanb antigen in the liver, and five of these six children also had a positive reaction for the nanb antibody in serum. histologic lesions were mo ... | 1983 | 6402922 |
| unrelatedness of factor viii-derived non-a/non-b hepatitis and hepatitis b virus. | a dna hybridization assay was used to detect hepatitis b virus (hbv)-specific dna sequences in extracted sera obtained from chimpanzees infected with hbv, hepatitis a virus (hav), and a factor viii-derived non-a/non-b (nanb) agent. the results did not reveal any hbv-dna homology with sera obtained from animals infected with hav or factor viii-derived nanb. sera obtained from two hbv-infected chimpanzees demonstrated that hbv-specific dna could be detected during the acute phase of the disease. i ... | 1983 | 6403666 |
| anti-hepatitis b core immunoglobulin m in the serologic evaluation of hepatitis b virus infection and simultaneous infection with type b, delta agent, and non-a, non-b viruses. | the clinical value of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of immunoglobulin m (igm) antibody to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc igm) was evaluated by testing serum samples from the following groups of patients: (a) 27 individuals who had been diagnosed as having acute hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection, (b) 29 hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) carriers, (c) 6 subjects with acute non-b hepatitis, and (d) 10 hbsag-negative but anti-hbc-positive subjects who were suspected of ... | 1983 | 6406288 |
| prognostic significance of piecemeal necrosis in acute viral hepatitis. | the predictive value of piecemeal necrosis (pmn) in acute hepatitis was investigated in 62 patients (39 hepatitis b virus infection, 9 hepatitis a virus infection and 14 possible hepatitis nanb virus infection). the 62 initial biopsies were blindly recoded and classified into three groups: 1. acute hepatitis with signs of possible transition to chronicity (ahtc) (n = 35) (i.e. a picture of acute hepatitis associated with pmn). 2. ahtc-borderline group (bl) (n = 15) (i.e. a picture of acute hepat ... | 1983 | 6406783 |
| post-transfusion hepatitis and its association with pooled clotting factors. | a prospective study of post-transfusion hepatitis was conducted in 97 adult patients undergoing open heart surgery. twelve patients developed presumed non-a, non-b hepatitis (five of these were hospitalized and three were jaundiced), and all 12 had received clotting factors from pooled plasma (fibrinogen, factor viii, factor ix complex) from different manufacturers. of the remaining 85 patients none received these high risk plasma derivatives and none developed hepatitis. multiple peak alt eleva ... | 1983 | 6407830 |
| are nuclear particles specific for non-a, non-b hepatitis? | this study reports the findings of an electron microscopic search for so-called non-a, non-b nuclear particles in liver biopsies from patients with mainly chronic or prolonged liver disease and from chimpanzees. in patients without hepatitis b virus or acute hepatitis a virus serological markers, non-a, non-b-like nuclear particles were seen in hepatocytes in 28 of 31 cases of presumed non-a, non-b hepatitis, but also in 11 of 12 cases of liver disease not usually attributed to hepatitis viruses ... | 1983 | 6407955 |
| non-a, non-b hepatitis in persistent carriers of hepatitis b virus. | there are reports in the literature that infection with hepatitis a virus in hepatitis b carriers can result in resolution of the carrier state. in an attempt to induce clearance of the carrier state of hepatitis b virus in two persistently infected chimpanzees, the chimpanzees were infused with documented non-a, non-b infectious material. biochemical and histopathological evidence of hepatitis was accompanied by the unique abnormalities of endoplasmic reticulum associated with non-a, non-b hepa ... | 1983 | 6408222 |
| interference between non-a, non-b and hepatitis b virus infection in chimpanzees. | pre-existing chronic or concurrent acute non-a, non-b (nanb) virus infection has been found to interfere with hepatitis b virus (hbv) replication and to delay and moderate markedly the appearance of disease related to hbv infection in chimpanzees. the mechanism for this phenomenon remains unclear. these findings are of practical significance for vaccine safety testing and evaluation of methods for virus inactivation in chimpanzees. the possible occurrence of dual nanb and hbv infection requires ... | 1983 | 6408223 |
| non-a, non-b hepatitis in chimpanzees: interference with acute hepatitis a virus and chronic hepatitis b virus infections. | two chimpanzees with persistent non-a, non-b (nanb) hepatitis were superinfected with marmoset-passaged ms-1 hav. two control chimpanzees were also infected with marmoset-passaged hav. neither animal with persistent nanb hepatitis developed elevated alanine aminotransferase (alt) activity, whereas both control chimpanzees exhibited alt elevations within 3 weeks after inoculation. in addition, both nanb-infected chimpanzees demonstrated a delayed anti-hav antibody response in which one animal fai ... | 1983 | 6408224 |
| assay of hbv dna in the plasma of hbv-carrier chimpanzees superinfected with non-a, non-b hepatitis. | a dot hybridisation technique was used to monitor the levels of hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna in the plasma of two hbv-carrier chimpanzees which had been inocula ed with documented infectious non-a, non-b hepatitis agents. a marked decrease in the quantity of hbv dna in the plasma during the acute phase of the non-a, non-b hepatitis was observed in both carriers. the possible role of interferon or a similar antiviral agent in modulation of the hbv-carrier state is discussed. hybridisation may beco ... | 1983 | 6409916 |
| an epidemic of non-a, non-b hepatitis in japan. | an epidemic of viral hepatitis was studied in the okitsu area of shimizu city in japan from april 1980 to november 1981. one hundred thirty-six serum samples from patients with viral hepatitis were tested for hepatitis b virus, hepatitis a virus, epstein-barr virus, and cytomegalovirus infection. immunoserological data showed the outbreak of viral hepatitis to be non-a, non-b hepatitis. epidemiological investigations revealed that the mode of the outbreak was from person to person by close conta ... | 1983 | 6414290 |
| inactivation of hepatitis b and non-a, non-b viruses by combined use of tween 80, beta-propiolactone, and ultraviolet irradiation. | to assess the sterilization efficacy of a combined tween 80, beta-propiolactone and ultraviolet irradiation procedure applied to a f viii preparation to which an estimated 10(5.9) chimpanzee infectious doses (cid50) of hepatitis b virus had been added per ml, two chimpanzees were inoculated with 10 ml each of treated and untreated preparations. the untreated preparation, which was obtained from donors with normal alanine aminotransferase (alt) levels, induced non-a, non-b hepatitis in both recip ... | 1983 | 6415846 |
| [the prevention of liver disease in the hemophilic child]. | the modern replacement therapy of inherited bleeding disorders has proved to be a major advance in the management of haemophilic children. however, the haemophiliacs, early treated with commercial clotting factor concentrates obtained from large amounts of plasma, are exposed to blood borne viruses responsible for post-transfusion hepatitis (pth) and for their possible harmful long-term sequelae. infact high prevalence of infection with hepatitis b virus, non-a, non-b agents, delta agent has bee ... | 1983 | 6417626 |