Publications

the old 3-oxoadipate pathway revisited: new insights in the catabolism of aromatics in the saprophytic fungus aspergillus nidulans.	aspergilli play major roles in the natural turnover of elements, especially through the decomposition of plant litter, but the end catabolism of lignin aromatic hydrocarbons remains largely unresolved. the 3-oxoadipate pathway of their degradation combines the catechol and the protocatechuate branches, each using a set of specific genes. however, annotation for most of these genes is lacking or attributed to poorly- or un-characterised families. aspergillus nidulans can utilise as sole carbon/en ...	2015	25479309
identification and structural elucidation of ergotryptamine, a new ergot alkaloid produced by genetically modified aspergillus nidulans and natural isolates of epichloë species.	ergot alkaloid pathway reconstruction in aspergillus nidulans is an approach used to better understand the biosynthesis of these mycotoxins. an engineered strain named a. nidulans wfc (expressing ergot alkaloid synthesis genes dmaw, easf, and easc) produced the established intermediate n-methyl-4-dimethylallyltryptophan, as well as an uncharacterized ergot alkaloid. we investigated the chemical structure of the new metabolite and its role in the ergot alkaloid pathway. mass spectrometry, labelin ...	2015	25491167
erratum to: a novel thermophilic endo-β-1,4-mannanase from aspergillus nidulans xz3: functional roles of carbohydrate-binding module and thr/ser-rich linker region.		2015	25520174
γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (ggta) of aspergillus nidulans is not necessary for bulk degradation of glutathione.	aspergillus nidulans exhibited high γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γgt) activity in both carbon-starved and carbon-limited cultures. glucose repressed, but casein peptone increased γgt production. null mutation of crea did not influence γgt formation, but the functional meab was necessary for the γgt induction. deletion of the an10444 gene (ggta) completely eliminated the γgt activity, and the mrna levels of ggta showed strong correlation with the observed γgt activities. while ggta does not contain ...	2015	25519188
dissecting the function of the different chitin synthases in vegetative growth and sexual development in neurospora crassa.	chitin, one of the most important carbohydrates of the fungal cell wall, is synthesized by chitin synthases (chs). seven sequences encoding chss have been identified in the genome of neurospora crassa. previously, chs-1, -3 and -6 were found at the spitzenkörper(spk) core and developing septa. we investigated the functional importance of each chs in growth and development of n. crassa. the cellular distribution of each chs tagged with fluorescent proteins and the impact of corresponding gene del ...	2015	25596036
deciphering the combinatorial dna-binding code of the ccaat-binding complex and the iron-regulatory basic region leucine zipper (bzip) transcription factor hapx.	the heterotrimeric ccaat-binding complex (cbc) is evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotic organisms, including fungi, plants, and mammals. the cbc consists of three subunits, which are named in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans hapb, hapc, and hape. hapx, a fourth cbc subunit, was identified exclusively in fungi, except for saccharomyces cerevisiae and the closely related saccharomycotina species. the cbc-hapx complex acts as the master regulator of iron homeostasis. hapx belongs to the ...	2015	25589790
the aspergillus nidulans proline permease as a model for understanding the factors determining substrate binding and specificity of fungal amino acid transporters.	amino acid uptake in fungi is mediated by general and specialized members of the yeast amino acid transporter (yat) family, a branch of the amino acid polyamine organocation (apc) transporter superfamily. prnb, a highly specific l-proline transporter, only weakly recognizes other put4p substrates, its saccharomyces cerevisiae orthologue. taking advantage of the high sequence similarity between the two transporters, we combined molecular modeling, induced fit docking, genetic, and biochemical app ...	2015	25572393
riboflavin level manipulates the successive developmental sequences in aspergillus nidulans.	auxotrophic markers are useful in fungal genetic analysis. among the auxotrophic markers, ribob2 is one of the most commonly used markers in many laboratory strains. however, ribob2 mutants in aspergillus nidulans confer self-sterility and thus are unable to form hybrid cleistothecia by outcross when both parent strains harbor ribob2 auxotrophic marker under the standard protocol. to assess the role of riboflavin during the different developmental stages of a. nidulans, the limited concentration ...	2015	25567479
increased production of free fatty acids in aspergillus oryzae by disruption of a predicted acyl-coa synthetase gene.	fatty acids are attractive molecules as source materials for the production of biodiesel fuel. previously, we attained a 2.4-fold increase in fatty acid production by increasing the expression of fatty acid synthesis-related genes in aspergillus oryzae. in this study, we achieved an additional increase in the production of fatty acids by disrupting a predicted acyl-coa synthetase gene in a. oryzae. the a. oryzae genome is predicted to encode six acyl-coa synthetase genes and disruption of ao0900 ...	2015	25564035
characterization of npga, a 4'-phosphopantetheinyl transferase of aspergillus nidulans, and evidence of its involvement in fungal growth and formation of conidia and cleistothecia for development.	the null pigmentation mutant (npga1) in aspergillus nidulans results in a phenotype with colorless organs, decreased branching growth, delayed of asexual spore development, and aberrant cell wall structure. the npga gene was isolated from a. nidulans to investigate these pleiomorphic phenomena of npga1 mutant. sequencing analysis of the complementing gene indicated that it contained a 4'-phosphopantetheinyl transferase (pptase) superfamily domain. enzymatic assay of the pptase, encoded by the np ...	2015	25557478
neurospora crassa asm-1 complements the conidiation defect in a stua mutant of aspergillus nidulans.	aspergillus nidulans stua and neurospora crassa asm-1 are orthologous apses (asm-1, phd1, sok2, efg1, stua) transcription factors conserved across a diverse group of fungi. stua and asm-1 have roles in asexual (conidiation) and sexual (ascospore formation) development in both organisms. to address the hypothesis that the last common ancestor of these diverse fungi regulated conidiation with similar genes, asm-1 was introduced into the stua1 mutant of a. nidulans. expression of asm-1 complemented ...	2015	25550299
preparative separation of echinocandin b from aspergillus nidulans broth using macroporous resin adsorption chromatography.	echinocandin b (ecb), an echinocandin type of lipopeptide antibiotic produced by aspergillus nidulans, is a precursor for the synthesis of novel anti-fungal drug - anidulafungin. in this work, a separation strategy involving one-step macroporous resin adsorption chromatography was established for ecb purification from aspergillus nidulans cctcc m 2010275 fermentation broth. among nine macroporous resin adsorbents tested, the non-polar resin hp-20 had the best adsorption and desorption performanc ...	2015	25541471
nup2 requires a highly divergent partner, nupa, to fulfill functions at nuclear pore complexes and the mitotic chromatin region.	chromatin and nuclear pore complexes (npcs) undergo dramatic changes during mitosis, which in vertebrates and aspergillus nidulans involves movement of nup2 from npcs to the chromatin region to fulfill unknown functions. this transition is shown to require the cdk1 mitotic kinase and be promoted prematurely by ectopic expression of the nima kinase. nup2 localizes with a copurifying partner termed nupa, a highly divergent yet essential npc protein. nupa and nup2 locate throughout the chromatin re ...	2015	25540430
pdbrla, pdabaa and pdweta control distinct stages of conidiogenesis in penicillium digitatum.	penicillium digitatum is one of the most important citrus postharvest pathogens worldwide. reproduction of massive asexual spores is the primary factor contributing to the epidemic of citrus green mold. to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying conidiogenesis in p. digitatum, we functionally characterized the aspergillus nidulans orthologs of brla, abaa and weta. we showed that deletion of pdbrla completely blocked formation of conidiophores, whereas deletion of pdabaa led to the formati ...	2015	25530311
rite of passage: a bzip transcription factor must transit the cell apex to become competent.	in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans brla triggers the central developmental pathway that controls the transition from vegetative growth to asexual reproduction. upstream regulators including the bzip transcription factor flbb activate the expression of brla. previous work has established that flbb localizes to both the apex of the hypha, where it interacts with and is anchored by flbe, and to nuclei, with highest levels in the nucleus closest to the apex and successively lower levels ...	2015	26387769
novel β-1,4-mannanase belonging to a new glycoside hydrolase family in aspergillus nidulans.	many filamentous fungi produce β-mannan-degrading β-1,4-mannanases that belong to the glycoside hydrolase 5 (gh5) and gh26 families. here we identified a novel β-1,4-mannanase (man134a) that belongs to a new glycoside hydrolase (gh) family (gh134) in aspergillus nidulans. blast analysis of the amino acid sequence using the ncbi protein database revealed that this enzyme had no similarity to any sequences and no putative conserved domains. protein homologs of the enzyme were distributed to limite ...	2015	26385921
discovery of a vezatin-like protein for dynein-mediated early endosome transport.	early endosomes are transported bidirectionally by cytoplasmic dynein and kinesin-3, but how the movements are regulated in vivo remains unclear. here our forward genetic study led to the discovery of veza, a vezatin-like protein in aspergillus nidulans, as a factor critical for early endosome distribution. loss of veza causes an abnormal accumulation of early endosomes at the hyphal tip, where microtubule plus ends are located. this abnormal accumulation depends on kinesin-3 and is due to a dec ...	2015	26378255
involvement of lipocalin-like cgha in decalin-forming stereoselective intramolecular [4+2] cycloaddition.	understanding enzymatic diels-alder (da) reactions that can form complex natural product scaffolds is of considerable interest. sch 210972 1, a potential anti-hiv fungal natural product, contains a decalin core that is proposed to form through a da reaction. we identified the gene cluster responsible for the biosynthesis of 1 and heterologously reconstituted the biosynthetic pathway in aspergillus nidulans to characterize the enzymes involved. most notably, deletion of cgha resulted in a loss of ...	2015	26360642
soil fungi for mycoremediation of arsenic pollution in agriculture soils.	soil arsenic (as) contamination of food-chains and public health can be mitigated through fungal bioremediation. to enumerate culturable soil fungi, soils were collected from the as-contaminated paddy fields (3-35 mg kg(-1) ) of the middle indo-gangetic plains.	2015	26348882
identification of growth stage molecular markers in trichoderma sp. 'atroviride type b' and their potential application in monitoring fungal growth and development in soil.	several members of the genus trichoderma are biocontrol agents of soil-borne fungal plant pathogens. the effectiveness of biocontrol agents depends heavily on how they perform in the complex field environment. therefore, the ability to monitor and track trichoderma within the environment is essential to understanding biocontrol efficacy. the objectives of this work were to: (a) identify key genes involved in trichoderma sp. 'atroviride type b' morphogenesis; (b) develop a robust rna isolation me ...	2015	26341342
fusarium sambucinum asta gene expressed during potato infection is a functional orthologue of aspergillus nidulans asta.	sulfate assimilation plays a vital role in prototrophic organisms. orthologues of the alternative sulfate transporter (asta) gene from aspergillus nidulans were identified in the fungal plant pathogens fusarium sambucinum and fusarium graminearum. by physiological and biochemical analyses, the asta orthologues were determined to be able to uptake sulfate from the environment. similarly to asta in a. nidulans, the fsasta gene was found to be regulated by sulfur metabolite repression (smr) in a su ...	2015	25986548
brain abscesses due to aspergillus nidulans infection during induction chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.	we present the case of a 3-year-old boy who was diagnosed with cerebral abscesses due to aspergillus nidulans infection on day 28 of induction chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. he responded well to treatment with voriconazole and caspofungin, making a full recovery. there are very few cases of invasive aspergillosis reported in children during induction chemotherapy for acute leukemia and a. nidulans is rare in the absence of chronic granulomatous disease.	2015	25985238
successful combination of sequential gene therapy and rescue allo-hsct in two children with x-cgd - importance of timing.	we report on a series of sequential events leading to long-term survival and cure of pediatric x-linked chronic granulomatous disease (x-cgd) patients after gamma-retroviral gene therapy (gt) and rescue hsct. due to therapyrefractory life-threatening infections requiring hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) but absence of hlaidentical donors, we treated 2 boys with x-cgd by gt. following gt both children completely resolved invasive aspergillus nidulans infections. however, one child d ...	2015	25981636
light-dependent gene activation in aspergillus nidulans is strictly dependent on phytochrome and involves the interplay of phytochrome and white collar-regulated histone h3 acetylation.	the ability for light sensing is found from bacteria to humans but relies only on a small number of evolutionarily conserved photoreceptors. a large number of fungi react to light, mostly to blue light. aspergillus nidulans also responds to red light using a phytochrome light sensor, fpha, for the control of hundreds of light-regulated genes. here, we show that photoinduction of one light-induced gene, ccga, occurs mainly through red light. induction strictly depends on phytochrome and its histi ...	2015	25980340
velvet-mediated repression of β-glucan synthesis in aspergillus nidulans spores.	beta-glucans are a heterologous group of fibrous glucose polymers that are a major constituent of cell walls in ascomycetes and basidiomycetes fungi. synthesis of β (1,3)- and (1,6)-glucans is coordinated with fungal cell growth and development, thus, is under tight genetic regulation. here, we report that β-glucan synthesis in both asexual and sexual spores is turned off by the nf-kb like fungal regulators vosa and velb in aspergillus nidulans. our genetic and genomic analyses have revealed tha ...	2015	25960370
transportation of aspergillus nidulans class iii and v chitin synthases to the hyphal tips depends on conventional kinesin.	cell wall formation and maintenance are crucial for hyphal morphogenesis. in many filamentous fungi, chitin is one of the main structural components of the cell wall. aspergillus nidulans chsb, a chitin synthase, and csma, a chitin synthase with a myosin motor-like domain (mmd) at its n-terminus, both localize predominantly at the hyphal tip regions and at forming septa. chsb and csma play crucial roles in polarized hyphal growth in a. nidulans. in this study, we investigated the mechanism by wh ...	2015	25955346
the effects of extracellular ph and of the transcriptional regulator paci on the transcriptome of trichoderma reesei.	extracellular ph is one of the several environmental factors affecting protein production by filamentous fungi. regulatory mechanisms ensure that extracellular enzymes are produced under ph-conditions in which the enzymes are active. in filamentous fungi, the transcriptional regulation in different ambient ph has been studied especially in aspergilli, whereas the effects of ph in the industrial producer of hydrolytic enzymes, trichoderma reesei, have mainly been studied at the protein level. in ...	2015	25925231
a lipid-managing program maintains a stout spitzenkörper.	the spitzenkörper (spk) is an accumulation of vesicles interleaved with actin microfilaments present at the cytosolic side of the apical plasma membrane (pm) of hyphal tips of many species of filamentous fungi. the physiological role of the spk has captivated fungal biologists over the years, but only very recently this 'organelle' is starting to be understood in the molecular terminology used for cell biological models. one aspect that has received little attention is the role of cellular membr ...	2015	25921726
depletion of ε-cop in the copi vesicular coat reduces cleistothecium production in aspergillus nidulans.	we have previously isolated ε-cop, the α-cop interactor in copi of aspergillus nidulans, by yeast two-hybrid screening. to understand the function of ε-cop, the anea (+) gene for ε-cop/anea was deleted by homologous recombination using a gene-specific disruption cassette. deletion of the ε-cop gene showed no detectable changes in vegetative growth or asexual development, but resulted in decrease in the production of the fruiting body, cleistothecium, under conditions favorable for sexual develop ...	2015	25892912
regulation of glycogen metabolism by the cre-1, rco-1 and rcm-1 proteins in neurospora crassa. the role of cre-1 as the central transcriptional regulator.	the transcription factor crea/mig1/cre-1 is a repressor protein that regulates the use of alternative carbon sources via a mechanism known as carbon catabolite repression (ccr). in saccharomyces cerevisiae, mig1 recruits the complex ssn6-tup1, the neurospora crassa rcm-1 and rco-1 orthologous proteins, respectively, to bind to promoters of glucose-repressible genes. we have been studying the regulation of glycogen metabolism in n. crassa and the identification of the rco-1 corepressor as a regul ...	2015	25889113
cytoplasmic dynein is required for the spatial organization of protein aggregates in filamentous fungi.	eukaryotes have evolved multiple strategies for maintaining cellular protein homeostasis. one such mechanism involves neutralization of deleterious protein aggregates via their defined spatial segregation. here, using the molecular disaggregase hsp104 as a marker for protein aggregation, we describe the spatial and temporal dynamics of protein aggregates in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. filamentous fungi, such as a. nidulans, are a diverse group of species of major health and econ ...	2015	25865884
the cryptococcus neoformans alkaline response pathway: identification of a novel rim pathway activator.	the rim101/pacc transcription factor acts in a fungal-specific signaling pathway responsible for sensing extracellular ph signals. first characterized in ascomycete fungi such as aspergillus nidulans and saccharomyces cerevisiae, the rim/pal pathway maintains conserved features among very distantly related fungi, where it coordinates cellular adaptation to alkaline ph signals and micronutrient deprivation. however, it also directs species-specific functions in fungal pathogens such as cryptococc ...	2015	25859664
structural and functional analysis of the rpf2-rrs1 complex in ribosome biogenesis.	proteins rpf2 and rrs1 are required for 60s ribosomal subunit maturation. these proteins are necessary for the recruitment of three ribosomal components (5s ribosomal rna [rrna], rpl5 and rpl11) to the 90s ribosome precursor and subsequent 27sb pre-rrna processing. here we present the crystal structure of the aspergillus nidulans (an) rpf2-rrs1 core complex. the core complex contains the tightly interlocked n-terminal domains of rpf2 and rrs1. the rpf2 n-terminal domain includes a brix domain ch ...	2015	25855814
high-affinity nitrate/nitrite transporters nrta and nrtb of aspergillus nidulans exhibit high specificity and different inhibitor sensitivity.	the nrta and nrtb nitrate transporters are paralogous members of the major facilitator superfamily in aspergillus nidulans. the availability of loss-of-function mutations allowed individual investigation of the specificity and inhibitor sensitivity of both nrta and nrtb. in this study, growth response tests were carried out at a growth-limiting concentration of nitrate (1 mm) as the sole nitrogen source, in the presence of a number of potential nitrate analogues at various concentrations, to eva ...	2015	25855763
a new high-performance heterologous fungal expression system based on regulatory elements from the aspergillus terreus terrein gene cluster.	recently, the aspergillus terreus terrein gene cluster was identified and selected for development of a new heterologous expression system. the cluster encodes the specific transcription factor terr that is indispensable for terrein cluster induction. to identify terr binding sites, different recombinant versions of the terr dna-binding domain were analyzed for specific motif recognition. the high affinity consensus motif tcgghhwyhcggh was identified from genes required for terrein production an ...	2015	25852654
the bzip transcription factor pfzipa regulates secondary metabolism and oxidative stress response in the plant endophytic fungus pestalotiopsis fici.	the bzip transcription factors are conserved in all eukaryotes and play critical roles in organismal responses to environmental challenges. in filamentous fungi, several lines of evidence indicate that secondary metabolism (sm) is associated with oxidative stress mediated by bzip proteins. here we uncover a connection with a bzip protein and oxidative stress induction of sm in the plant endophytic fungus pestalotiopsis fici. a homology search of the p. fici genome with the bzip protein rsma, inv ...	2015	25847004
aspergillus nidulans flippase dnfa is cargo of the endocytic collar and plays complementary roles in growth and phosphatidylserine asymmetry with another flippase, dnfb.	endocytosis and exocytosis are strictly segregated at the ends of hyphal cells of filamentous fungi, with a collar of endocytic activity encircling the growing cell tip, which elongates through directed membrane fusion. it has been proposed that this separation supports an endocytic recycling pathway that maintains polar localization of proteins at the growing apex. in a search for proteins in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans that possess an npfxd motif, which signals for endocytosis, ...	2015	25846564
integration of the catalytic subunit activates deneddylase activity in vivo as final step in fungal cop9 signalosome assembly.	the eight-subunit cop9 signalosome (csn) is conserved from filamentous fungi to humans and functions at the interface between cellular signalling and protein half-life control. csn consists of six pci and two mpn domain proteins and forms a scaffold for additional interacting proteins. csn controls protein stability in the ubiquitin-proteasome system where the mpn domain csn5/csne subunit inactivates cullin-ring ligases. the csn5/csne isopeptidase functions as deneddylase and removes the ubiquit ...	2015	25846252
aspergillus nidulans ambient ph signaling does not require endocytosis.	aspergillus nidulans (pal) ambient ph signaling takes place in cortical structures containing components of the escrt pathway, which are hijacked by the alkaline ph-activated, ubiquitin-modified version of the arrestin-like protein palf and taken to the plasma membrane. there, escrts scaffold the assembly of dedicated pal proteins acting downstream. the molecular details of this pathway, which results in the two-step proteolytic processing of the transcription factor pacc, have received consider ...	2015	25841020
trappii regulates exocytic golgi exit by mediating nucleotide exchange on the ypt31 ortholog raberab11.	the oligomeric complex transport protein particle i (trappi) mediates nucleotide exchange on the rab gtpase rab1/ypt1. trappii is composed of trappi plus three additional subunits, trs120, trs130, and trs65. unclear is whether trappii mediates nucleotide exchange on rab1/ypt1, rab11/ypt31, or both. in aspergillus nidulans, rabo(rab1) resides in the golgi, rabe(rab11) localizes to exocytic post-golgi carriers undergoing transport to the apex, and hypa encodes trs120. rabe(rab11), but not rabo(rab ...	2015	25831508
sphingolipids mediate differential echinocandin susceptibility in candida albicans and aspergillus nidulans.	the cell wall synthesis-inhibiting echinocandins, including caspofungin and micafungin, play important roles in the treatment of candidiasis and aspergillosis. previous studies revealed that, in the haploid yeast candida glabrata, sphingolipid biosynthesis pathway mutations confer caspofungin reduced susceptibility (crs) but micafungin increased susceptibility (mis). here, we describe one candida albicans strain (of 10 tested) that similarly yields crs-mis mutants at relatively high frequency. m ...	2015	25824222
azaphilones inhibit tau aggregation and dissolve tau aggregates in vitro.	the aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein tau is a seminal event in many neurodegenerative diseases, including alzheimer's disease. the inhibition or reversal of tau aggregation is therefore a potential therapeutic strategy for these diseases. fungal natural products have proven to be a rich source of useful compounds having wide varieties of biological activities. we have previously screened aspergillus nidulans secondary metabolites for their ability to inhibit tau aggregation in v ...	2015	25822288
the srka kinase is part of the saka mitogen-activated protein kinase interactome and regulates stress responses and development in aspergillus nidulans.	fungi and many other eukaryotes use specialized mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapk) of the hog1/p38 family to transduce environmental stress signals. in aspergillus nidulans, the mapk saka and the transcription factor atfa are components of a central multiple stress-signaling pathway that also regulates development. here we characterize srka, a putative mapk-activated protein kinase, as a novel component of this pathway. δsrka and δsaka mutants share a derepressed sexual development phenoty ...	2015	25820520
large-scale metabolomics reveals a complex response of aspergillus nidulans to epigenetic perturbation.	the microbial world offers a rich source of bioactive compounds for those able to sift through it. technologies capable of quantitatively detecting natural products while simultaneously identifying known compounds would expedite the search for new pharmaceutical leads. prior efforts have targeted histone deacetylases in fungi to globally activate the production of new secondary metabolites, yet no study has directly assessed its effects with minimal bias at the metabolomic level. using untargete ...	2015	25815712
new interaction partners for nek4.1 and nek4.2 isoforms: from the dna damage response to rna splicing.	neks are serine-threonine kinases that are similar to nima, a protein found in aspergillus nidulans which is essential for cell division. in humans there are eleven neks which are involved in different biological functions besides the cell cycle control. nek4 is one of the largest members of the nek family and has been related to the primary cilia formation and in dna damage response. however, its substrates and interaction partners are still unknown. in an attempt to better understand the role ...	2015	25798074
identification and characterization of a novel gene encoding the nbs1 protein in pyricularia oryzae.	the ascomycete pyricularia oryzae (teleomorph: magnaporthe oryzae) causes one of the most serious diseases known as rice blast. the nijmegen breakage syndrome protein (nbs1) is essential for dna repair; thus, we studied the p. oryzae nbs1 homolog (ponbs1). a ponbs1 null mutant exhibited high sensitivity to dna damage-inducing agents. the mutant also exhibited the retarded hyphal growth, and induced abnormal conidial germination and shape, but showed normal appressorium formation. the phenotypes ...	2015	25774746
multiple phosphatases regulate carbon source-dependent germination and primary metabolism in aspergillus nidulans.	aspergillus nidulans is an important mold and a model system for the study of fungal cell biology. in addition, invasive a. nidulans pulmonary infections are common in humans with chronic granulomatous disease. the morphological and biochemical transition from dormant conidia into active, growing, filamentous hyphae requires the coordination of numerous biosynthetic, developmental, and metabolic processes. the present study exhibited the diversity of roles performed by seven phosphatases in regu ...	2015	25762568
mitogen-activated protein kinases mpka and mpkb independently affect micafungin sensitivity in aspergillus nidulans.	the transcriptional regulation of the mapk mpka and cell wall-related genes in aspergillus nidulans differs from that of their counterparts in saccharomyces cerevisiae. the a. nidulans mapk mpkb is putatively orthologous to the yeast mapks kss1p and fus3p. to investigate mpkb and its contribution to cell wall integrity in a. nidulans, we constructed mpkb-disruptant (mpkb∆) strains. we previously showed that mpka∆ strains exhibited reduced colony growth and increased sensitivity to the β-1,3-gluc ...	2015	25727969
two amino acid sequences direct aspergillus nidulans protein kinase c (pkca) localization to hyphal apices and septation sites.	the aspergillus nidulans ortholog of protein kinase c (pkca) is involved in the organism's putative cell wall integrity (cwi) pathway, and pkca also is highly localized at growing tips and forming septa. in the present work we identify the regions within pkca that are responsible for its localization to hyphal tips and septation sites. to this end, we used serially truncated pkca constructs and expressed them as green fluorescent protein (gfp) chimeras and identified two regions that direct pkca ...	2015	25724996
origin, diversification and substrate specificity in the family of ncs1/fur transporters.	ncs1 proteins are h(+)/na(+) symporters specific for the uptake of purines, pyrimidines and related metabolites. in this article, we study the origin, diversification and substrate specificity of fungal ncs1 transporters. we show that the two fungal ncs1 sub-families, fur and fcy, and plant homologues originate through independent horizontal transfers from prokaryotes and that expansion by gene duplication led to the functional diversification of fungal ncs1. we characterised all fur proteins of ...	2015	25712422
kdma, a histone h3 demethylase with bipartite function, differentially regulates primary and secondary metabolism in aspergillus nidulans.	aspergillus nidulans kdma encodes a member of the kdm4 family of jumonji histone demethylase proteins, highly similar to metazoan orthologues both within functional domains and in domain architecture. this family of proteins exhibits demethylase activity towards lysines 9 and 36 of histone h3 and plays a prominent role in gene expression and chromosome structure in many species. mass spectrometry mapping of a. nidulans histones revealed that around 3% of bulk histone h3 carried trimethylated h3k ...	2015	25712266
expression and specificity profile of the major acetate transporter acpa in aspergillus nidulans.	acpa has been previously characterized as a high-affinity transporter essential for the uptake and use of acetate as sole carbon source in aspergillus nidulans. here, we follow the expression profile of acpa and define its substrate specificity. acpa-mediated acetate transport is detected from the onset of conidiospore germination, peaks at the time of germ tube emergence, and drops to low basal levels in germlings and young mycelia, where a second acetate transporter is also becoming apparent. ...	2015	25708319
live cell imaging of endosomal trafficking in fungi.	endosomes are multipurpose membranous carriers important for endocytosis and secretion. during membrane trafficking, endosomes transport lipids, proteins, and even rnas. in highly polarized cells such as fungal hyphae, they shuttle bidirectionally along microtubules mediated by molecular motors like kinesins and dynein. for in vivo studies of these highly dynamic protein/membrane complexes, advanced fluorescence microscopy is instrumental. in this chapter, we describe live cell imaging of endoso ...	2015	25702128
beyond asexual development: modifications in the gene expression profile caused by the absence of the aspergillus nidulans transcription factor flbb.	in the model fungus aspergillus nidulans, asexual development is induced from vegetative hyphae by a set of early regulators including the bzip-type transcription factor flbb. to determine the range of genes under the influence of the transcriptional activity of flbb and to characterize their role in fungal development, we sequenced and compared the transcriptomes of a δflbb mutant and its isogenic wild-type strain at different developmental stages. results confirmed the activating role of flbb ...	2015	25701285
continuous xylanase production with aspergillus nidulans under pyridoxine limitation using a trickle bed reactor.	a trickle bed reactor (tbr) with recycle was designed and tested using aspergillus nidulans with a pyridoxine marker and over-expressing/secreting recombinant client xylanase b (xynb). the pyridoxine marker prevented the fungus from synthesizing its own pyridoxine and fungus was unable to grow when no pyridoxine was present in the medium; however, enzyme production was unaffected. uncontrolled mycelia growth that led to clogging of the tbr was observed when fungus without a pyridoxine marker was ...	2015	25683507
construction of a shuttle vector for heterologous expression of a novel fungal α-amylase gene in aspergillus oryzae.	the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae is a well-known expression host used to express homologous and heterologous proteins in a number of industrial applications. to facilitate higher yields of proteins of interest, we constructed the pasop vector to express heterologous proteins in a. oryzae. pasop carries a selectable marker, pyrg, derived from aspergillus nidulans, and a strong promoter and a terminator of the amyb gene derived from a. oryzae. pasop transformed a. oryzae efficiently via t ...	2015	25674804
aspergillus nidulans causing primary cutaneous aspergillosis in an immunocompetent patient.		2015	25671448
transient transformation of podosphaera xanthii by electroporation of conidia.	powdery mildew diseases are a major phytosanitary issue causing important yield and economic losses in agronomic, horticultural and ornamental crops. powdery mildew fungi are obligate biotrophic parasites unable to grow on culture media, a fact that has significantly limited their genetic manipulation. in this work, we report a protocol based on the electroporation of fungal conidia, for the transient transformation of podosphaera fusca (synonym podosphaera xanthii), the main causal agent of cuc ...	2015	25651833
a mutation in the converter subdomain of aspergillus nidulans myob blocks constriction of the actomyosin ring in cytokinesis.	we have identified a mutant allele of the aspergillus nidulans homologue of myosin ii (myob; an4706), which prevents normal septum formation. this is the first reported myosin ii mutation in a filamentous fungus. strains expressing the myob(g843d) allele produce mainly aberrant septa at 30 °c and are completely aseptate at temperatures above 37 °c. conidium formation is greatly reduced at 30 °c and progressively impaired with increasing temperature. sequencing of the myob(g843d) allele identifie ...	2015	25645080
functional characterization of nat/ncs2 proteins of aspergillus brasiliensis reveals a genuine xanthine-uric acid transporter and an intrinsically misfolded polypeptide.	the nucleobase-ascorbate transporter (nat) family includes members in nearly all domains of life. functionally characterized nat transporters from bacteria, fungi, plants and mammals are ion-coupled symporters specific for the uptake of purines, pyrimidines and related analogues. the characterized mammalian nats are specific for the uptake of l-ascorbic acid. in this work we identify in silico a group of fungal putative transporters, named uapd-like proteins, which represent a novel nat subfamil ...	2015	25639910
the ß-importin kap8 (pse1/kap121) is required for nuclear import of the cellulase transcriptional regulator xyr1, asexual sporulation and stress resistance in trichoderma reesei.	the ascomycete trichoderma reesei is an industrial producer of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes, and serves as a prime model for their genetic regulation. most of its (hemi-)cellulolytic enzymes are obligatorily dependent on the transcriptional activator xyr1. here, we investigated the nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling mechanism that transports xyr1 across the nuclear pore complex. we identified 14 karyopherins in t. reesei, of which eight were predicted to be involved in nuclear import, and ...	2015	25626518
negative regulation of the vacuole-mediated resistance to k(+) stress by a novel c2h2 zinc finger transcription factor encoded by asla in aspergillus nidulans.	in fungi and plants, vacuoles function as a storage and sequestration vessel for a wide variety of ions and are responsible for cytosolic ion homeostasis and responses to ionic shock. in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans, however, little is known about the molecular genetic mechanisms of vacuolar biogenesis and function. in the present study, we analyzed the function of the asla gene (an5583) encoding a novel c2h2-type zinc finger transcription factor (tf) in relation to k(+) stress re ...	2015	25626364
the velvet complex in the gray mold fungus botrytis cinerea: impact of bclae1 on differentiation, secondary metabolism, and virulence.	botrytis cinerea, the gray mold fungus, is an important plant pathogen. field populations are characterized by variability with regard to morphology, the mode of reproduction (conidiation or sclerotia formation), the spectrum of secondary metabolites (sm), and virulence. natural variation in bcvel1 encoding the ortholog of aspergillus nidulans vea, a member of the velvet complex, was previously shown to affect light-dependent differentiation, the formation of oxalic acid (oa), and virulence. to ...	2015	25625818
[mechanisms and regulation of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose in filamentous fungi: classical cases and new models].	cellulose is the most abundant renewable carbon source on earth. however, this polymer structure comprises a physical and chemical barrier for carbon access, which has limited its exploitation. in nature, only a few percentage of microorganisms may degrade this polymer by cellulase expression. filamentous fungi are one of the most active and efficient groups among these microorganisms. this review describes similarities and differences between cellulase activity mechanisms and regulatory mechani ...	2015	24607657
conserved and distinct functions of the “stunted” (stua)-homolog ust1 during cell differentiation in the corn smut fungus ustilago maydis.	ustilago maydis, causal agent of corn smut, can proliferate saprobically in a yeast form but its infectious filamentous form is an obligate parasite. previously, we showed that ust1, the first apses (asm1p, phd1p, sok2p, efg1p, and stuap) transcription factor functionally characterized in the phylum basidiomycota, controlled morphogenesis and virulence in this species. here, we further analyzed ust1 function using multiple experimental approaches and determined that i) ust1 activity was able to ...	2015	25208341
production of 5,8-dihydroxy-9(z)-octadecenoic acid from oleic acid by whole recombinant cells of aspergillus nidulans expressing diol synthase.	the optimal conditions for the production of 5,8-dihydroxy-9(z)-octadecenoic acid (5,8-dihome) from oleic acid by whole recombinant escherichia coli cells expressing diol synthase from aspergillus nidulans were 40 °c, ph 7.5, 10 % (v/v) dimethyl sulfoxide, 35 g cells l(-1), and 12 g oleic acid l(-1) at 250 rpm in a 250 ml baffled flask. under these conditions, whole recombinant cells produced 5.2 g 5,8-dihome l(-1) together with 1 g l(-1) of the intermediate 8-hydroperoxy-9(z)-octadecenoic acid ...	2015	25257582
protein kinase c regulates the expression of cell wall-related genes in rlma-dependent and independent manners in aspergillus nidulans.	a protein kinase c of aspergillus nidulans, pkca, is required for cell wall integrity (cwi) and is considered a major component of the regulating pathway. to investigate whether pkca regulates the transcription of cell wall-related genes, we constructed strains expressing pkca(r429a) that encodes an activated form of pkca. the mrna levels of most chitin synthase genes and an α-glucan synthase gene, agsb, were increased when pkca(r429a) expression was induced. these mrna increases were not observ ...	2015	25345444
first reported case of aspergillus nidulans eumycetoma in a sporotrichoid distribution.	mycetomas are chronic subcutaneous infections caused by either fungi (eumycetomas) or bacteria (actinomycetomas). eumycetoma is commonly seen in tropical and subtropical climates, usually in males working in occupations prone to trauma. aspergillus spp. are an uncommon cause of mycetomas.	2015	25267555
flug affects secretion in colonies of aspergillus niger.	colonies of aspergillus niger are characterized by zonal heterogeneity in growth, sporulation, gene expression and secretion. for instance, the glucoamylase gene glaa is more highly expressed at the periphery of colonies when compared to the center. as a consequence, its encoded protein glaa is mainly secreted at the outer part of the colony. here, multiple copies of amyr were introduced in a. niger. most transformants over-expressing this regulatory gene of amylolytic genes still displayed hete ...	2015	25370014
kinesin-3 in the basidiomycete ustilago maydis transports organelles along the entire microtubule array.	the molecular motor kinesin-3 transports early endosomes along microtubules in filamentous fungi. it was reported that kinesin-3 from the ascomycete fungi aspergillus nidulans and neurospora crassa use a subset of post-translationally modified and more stable microtubules. here, i show that kinesin-3 from the basidiomycete ustilago maydis moves along all hyphal microtubules. this difference is likely due to variation in cell cycle control and associated organization of the microtubule array.	2015	25459534
recurrent prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by aspergillus delacroxii (formerly aspergillus nidulans var. echinulatus).	we report aspergillus delacroxii (formerly aspergillus nidulans var. echinulatus) causing recurrent prosthetic valve endocarditis. the fungus was the sole agent detected during replacement of a mechanical aortic valve conduit due to abscess formation. despite extensive surgery and anti-fungal treatment, the patient had a cerebral hemorrhage 4 months post-surgery prompting a diagnosis of recurrent prosthetic valve endocarditis and fungemia.	2015	26909244
aspergillus nidulans protein kinase a plays an important role in cellulase production.	the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic feedstocks is dependent on lignocellulosic biomass degradation by hydrolytic enzymes. the main component of lignocellulose is cellulose and different types of organisms are able to secrete cellulases. the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans serves as a model organism to study cellulase production and the available tools allow exploring more in depth the mechanisms governing cellulase production and carbon catabolite repression.	2015	26690721
superresolution microscopy reveals a dynamic picture of cell polarity maintenance during directional growth.	polar (directional) cell growth, a key cellular mechanism shared among a wide range of species, relies on targeted insertion of new material at specific locations of the plasma membrane. how these cell polarity sites are stably maintained during massive membrane insertion has remained elusive. conventional live-cell optical microscopy fails to visualize polarity site formation in the crowded cell membrane environment because of its limited resolution. we have used advanced live-cell imaging tech ...	2015	26665168
[effect of microparticles on echinocandin b production by aspergillus nidulans].	anidulafungin is an effective antifungal medicine, which can inhibit activities of candida in vitro and in vivo. echinocandin b (ecb) is the key precursor of anidulafungin, thus the price and market prospect of anidulafungin is directly due to the fermentation titer of ecb. in this study, aspergillus nidulans was used for ecb fermentation, and the influence of adding microparticles on ecb fermentation was studied, such as talcum powder, al2o3, and glass beads. the particle size and concentration ...	2015	26647583
genetic interaction of aspergillus nidulans galr, xlnr and arar in regulating d-galactose and l-arabinose release and catabolism gene expression.	in aspergillus nidulans, the xylanolytic regulator xlnr and the arabinanolytic regulator arar co-regulate pentose catabolism. in nature, the pentose sugars d-xylose and l-arabinose are both main building blocks of the polysaccharide arabinoxylan. in pectin and arabinogalactan, these two monosaccharides are found in combination with d-galactose. galr, the regulator that responds to the presence of d-galactose, regulates the d-galactose catabolic pathway. in this study we investigated the possible ...	2015	26580075
extreme diversity in the regulation of ndt80-like transcription factors in fungi.	the saccharomyces cerevisiae ndt80 protein is the founding member of a class of p53-like transcription factors that is known as the ndt80/phog-like dna-binding family. the number of ndt80-like genes in different fungi is highly variable and their roles, which have been examined in only a few species, include regulation of meiosis, sexual development, biofilm formation, drug resistance, virulence, the response to nutrient stress and programmed cell death. the protein kinase ime2 regulates the sin ...	2015	26497142
characterization of annce102 and its role in eisosome stability and sphingolipid biosynthesis.	the plasma membrane is implicated in a variety of functions, whose coordination necessitates highly dynamic organization of its constituents into domains of distinct protein and lipid composition. eisosomes, at least partially, mediate this lateral plasma membrane compartmentalization. in this work, we show that the nce102 homologue of aspergillus nidulans colocalizes with eisosomes and plays a crucial role in density/number of pila/surg foci in the head of germlings. in addition we demonstrate ...	2015	26468899
enhancement of acetyl xylan esterase activity on cellulose acetate through fusion to a family 3 cellulose binding module.	the current study investigates the potential to increase the activity of a family 1 carbohydrate esterase on cellulose acetate through fusion to a family 3 carbohydrate binding module (cbm). specifically, ctcbm3 from clostridium thermocellum was fused to the carboxyl terminus of the acetyl xylan esterase (anaxe) from aspergillus nidulans, and active forms of both anaxe and anaxe-ctcbm3 were produced in pichia pastoris. ctcbm3 fusion had negligible impact on the thermostability or regioselectivit ...	2015	26320711
refining the ph response in aspergillus nidulans: a modulatory triad involving pacx, a novel zinc binuclear cluster protein.	the aspergillus nidulans pacc transcription factor mediates gene regulation in response to alkaline ambient ph which, signalled by the pal pathway, results in the processing of pacc(72) to pacc(27) via pacc(53). here we investigate two levels at which the ph regulatory system is transcriptionally moderated by ph and identify and characterise a new component of the ph regulatory machinery, pacx. transcript level analysis and overexpression studies demonstrate that repression of acid-expressed pal ...	2015	26303777
further characterization of the role of the mitochondrial high-mobility group box protein in the intracellular redox environment of aspergillus nidulans.	hmbb, a predominantly mitochondrial high-mobility group box (hmgb) protein, of aspergillus nidulans affects diverse biological activities, such as sterigmatocystin production, the maintenance of mitochondrial dna copy number, germination of asexual and sexual spores, and protection against oxidative stress agents. we hypothesized that the latter correlates with an unbalanced intracellular redox state, in which case, a not yet fully characterized physiological function could be attributed to this ...	2015	26297166
distinct roles for the p53-like transcription factor xprg and autophagy genes in the response to starvation.	autophagy and autolysis are two cannibalistic pathways which allow filamentous fungi to obtain nutrients once environmental nutrient sources are exhausted. in aspergillus nidulans, the effects of mutations in two key autophagy genes, atga, the atg1 ortholog, and atgh, the atg8 ortholog, were compared with mutations in xprg, which encodes a transcriptional activator that plays a key role in autolysis. the anti-fungal drug rapamycin induces autophagy in a range of organisms. mutations in atga and ...	2015	26296599
acstua, which encodes an apses transcription regulator, is involved in conidiation, cephalosporin biosynthesis and cell wall integrity of acremonium chrysogenum.	a transcriptional regulatory gene acstua was identified from acremonium chrysogenum. acstua encodes a basic helix-loop-helix protein with similarity to stua which regulates the core developmental processes of aspergillus nidulans. like disruption of stua in a. nidulans, deficiency of acstua blocked the conidiation of a. chrysogenum through severely down-regulating the expression of acbrla and acabaa which encode orthologs of the key fungal developmental regulators brla and abaa. disruption of ac ...	2015	26283234
genetic evidence for a microtubule-capture mechanism during polarised growth of aspergillus nidulans.	the cellular switch from symmetry to polarity in eukaryotes depends on the microtubule (mt) and actin cytoskeletons. in fungi such as schizosaccharomyces pombe or aspergillus nidulans, the mt cytoskeleton determines the sites of actin polymerization through cortical cell-end marker proteins. here we describe a. nidulans mt guidance protein a (miga) as the first ortholog of the karyogamy protein kar9 from saccharomyces cerevisiae in filamentous fungi. a. nidulans miga interacts with the cortical ...	2015	26272919
new insights into the conversion of versicolorin a in the biosynthesis of aflatoxin b1.	a crucial and enigmatic step in the complex biosynthesis of aflatoxin b1 is the oxidative rearrangement of versicolorin a to demethylsterigmatocystin. this step is thought to proceed by an oxidation-reduction-oxidation sequence, in which the nadph-dependent oxidoreductase aflm catalyzes the enclosed reduction step. aflm from aspergillus parasiticus, after heterologous production in e. coli and purification, however, catalyzed the reduction of the hydroquinoid form of the starting compound versic ...	2015	26266881
tip-to-nucleus migration dynamics of the asexual development regulator flbb in vegetative cells.	in aspergillus nidulans, asexual differentiation requires the presence of the transcription factor flbb at the cell tip and apical nuclei. understanding the relationship between these two pools is crucial for elucidating the biochemical processes mediating conidia production. tip-to-nucleus communication was demonstrated by photo-convertible flbb::dendra2 visualization. tip localization of flbb depends on cys382 in the c-terminus and the bzip dna-binding domain in the n-terminus. flbe, a critica ...	2015	26256571
nucleotide sequence composition adjacent to intronic splice sites improves splicing efficiency via its effect on pre-mrna local folding in fungi.	rna splicing is the central process of intron removal in eukaryotes known to regulate various cellular functions such as growth, development, and response to external signals. the canonical sequences indicating the splicing sites needed for intronic boundary recognition are well known. however, the roles and evolution of the local folding of intronic and exonic sequence features adjacent to splice sites has yet to be thoroughly studied. here, focusing on four fungi (saccharomyces cerevisiae, sch ...	2015	26246046
kdma, a histone h3 demethylase with bipartite function, differentially regulates primary and secondary metabolism in aspergillus nidulans.		2015	26213895
kaea (sudpro), a member of the ubiquitous keops/ekc protein complex, regulates the arginine catabolic pathway and the expression of several other genes in aspergillus nidulans.	the kaea(kae1) (sudpro) gene, which was identified in aspergillus nidulans as a suppressor of proline auxotrophic mutations, encodes the orthologue of saccharomyces cerevisiae kae1p, a member of the evolutionarily conserved keops/ekc (kinase, endopeptidase and other proteins of small size/endopeptidase-like and kinase associated to transcribed chromatin) complex. in yeast, this complex has been shown to be involved in trna modification, transcription, and genome maintenance. in a. nidulans, muta ...	2015	26210809
insecticidal activity of ethyl acetate extracts from culture filtrates of mangrove fungal endophytes.	in the search for novel potent fungi-derived bioactive compounds for bioinsecticide applications, crude ethyl acetate culture filtrate extracts from 110 mangrove fungal endophytes were screened for their toxicity. toxicity tests of all extracts against brine shrimp (artemia salina) larvae were performed. the extracts with the highest toxicity were further examined for insecticidal activity against spodoptera litura larvae and acetylcholinesterase (ache) inhibition activity. the results showed th ...	2015	26190921
identification of the scopularide biosynthetic gene cluster in scopulariopsis brevicaulis.	scopularide a is a promising potent anticancer lipopeptide isolated from a marine derived scopulariopsis brevicaulis strain. the compound consists of a reduced carbon chain (3-hydroxy-methyldecanoyl) attached to five amino acids (glycine, l-valine, d-leucine, l-alanine, and l-phenylalanine). using the newly sequenced s. brevicaulis genome we were able to identify the putative biosynthetic gene cluster using genetic information from the structurally related emericellamide a from aspergillus nidul ...	2015	26184239
g-protein coupled receptor-mediated nutrient sensing and developmental control in aspergillus nidulans.	nutrient sensing and utilisation are fundamental for all life forms. as heterotrophs, fungi have evolved a diverse range of mechanisms for sensing and taking up various nutrients. despite its importance, only a limited number of nutrient receptors and their corresponding ligands have been identified in fungi. g-protein coupled receptors (gpcrs) are the largest family of transmembrane receptors. the aspergillus nidulans genome encodes 16 putative gpcrs, but only a few have been functionally chara ...	2015	26179439
identification and characterization of a novel family of selective antifungal compounds (canbefs) that interfere with fungal protein synthesis.	invasive mycotic infections have become more common during recent decades, posing an increasing threat to public health. however, despite the growing needs, treatments for invasive fungal infections remain unsatisfactory and are limited to a small number of antifungals. the aim of this study was to identify novel fungal cell wall inhibitors from a library of small chemical compounds using a conditional protein kinase c (pkc)-expressing strain of aspergillus nidulans sensitive to cell wall-active ...	2015	26149982
the inner nuclear membrane protein src1 is required for stable post-mitotic progression into g1 in aspergillus nidulans.	how membranes and associated proteins of the nuclear envelope (ne) are assembled specifically and inclusively around segregated genomes during exit from mitosis is incompletely understood. inner nuclear membrane (inm) proteins play key roles by providing links between dna and the ne. in this study we have investigated the highly conserved inm protein src1 in aspergillus nidulans and have uncovered a novel cell cycle response during post mitotic formation of g1 nuclei. live cell imaging indicates ...	2015	26147902
reversible oxidation of a conserved methionine in the nuclear export sequence determines subcellular distribution and activity of the fungal nitrate regulator nira.	the assimilation of nitrate, a most important soil nitrogen source, is tightly regulated in microorganisms and plants. in aspergillus nidulans, during the transcriptional activation process of nitrate assimilatory genes, the interaction between the pathway-specific transcription factor nira and the exportin kapk/crm1 is disrupted, and this leads to rapid nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activity of nira. in this work by mass spectrometry, we found that in the absence of nitrate, when nir ...	2015	26132230
a second component of the slta-dependent cation tolerance pathway in aspergillus nidulans.	the transcriptional response to alkali metal cation stress is mediated by the zinc finger transcription factor slta in aspergillus nidulans and probably in other fungi of the pezizomycotina subphylum. a second component of this pathway has been identified and characterized. sltb is a 1272 amino acid protein with at least two putative functional domains, a pseudo-kinase and a serine-endoprotease, involved in signaling to the transcription factor slta. absence of sltb activity results in nearly id ...	2015	26119498
the aspergillus nidulans bimc4 mutation provides an excellent tool for identification of kinesin-14 inhibitors.	centrosome amplification is a hallmark of many types of cancer cells, and clustering of multiple centrosomes is critical for cancer cell survival and proliferation. human kinesin-14 hset/kfic1 is essential for centrosome clustering, and its inhibition leads to the specific killing of cancer cells with extra centrosomes. since kinesin-14 motor domains are conserved evolutionarily, we conceived a strategy of obtaining kinesin-14 inhibitors using aspergillus nidulans, based on the previous result t ...	2015	26117688
the structure of rpf2-rrs1 explains its role in ribosome biogenesis.	the assembly of eukaryotic ribosomes is a hierarchical process involving about 200 biogenesis factors and a series of remodeling steps. the 5s rnp consisting of the 5s rrna, rpl5 and rpl11 is recruited at an early stage, but has to rearrange during maturation of the pre-60s ribosomal subunit. rpf2 and rrs1 have been implicated in 5s rnp biogenesis, but their precise role was unclear. here, we present the crystal structure of the rpf2-rrs1 complex from aspergillus nidulans at 1.5 å resolution and ...	2015	26117542
core oxidative stress response in aspergillus nidulans.	the b-zip transcription factor atfa plays a key role in regulating stress responses in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. to identify the core regulons of atfa, we examined genome-wide expression changes caused by various stresses in the presence/absence of atfa using a. nidulans microarrays. we also intended to address the intriguing question regarding the existence of core environmental stress response in this important model eukaryote.	2015	26115917
epigenetics as an emerging tool for improvement of fungal strains used in biotechnology.	filamentous fungi are today a major source of industrial biotechnology for the production of primary and secondary metabolites, as well as enzymes and recombinant proteins. all of them have undergone extensive improvement strain programs, initially by classical mutagenesis and later on by genetic manipulation. thereby, strategies to overcome rate-limiting or yield-reducing reactions included manipulating the expression of individual genes, their regulatory genes, and also their function. yet, re ...	2015	26115753
photoprotective and antimutagenic activity of agaricus subrufescens basidiocarp extracts.	the photoprotective and antimutagenic activity of opened and closed basidiocarps of agaricus subrufescens (=a. blazei; =a. brasiliensis) obtained by different extraction methods were evaluated on aspergillus nidulans conidia submitted to ultraviolet (uv) light. the aqueous extracts were obtained by three extraction methods: maceration, infusion, and decoction, at two different extraction times. the extracts of a. subrufescens did not present toxicity for a. nidulans conidia. a suspension of a. n ...	2015	26092419