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uncomplicated cystitis in an adult male following influenza b virus infection.background influenza b viruses cause seasonal epidemics of respiratory illness, circulating concurrently with influenza a viruses. however, virological and clinical knowledge of influenza b viruses is less well advanced than for influenza a, and in particular, complications associated with influenza b infection are not as commonly reported. complications of influenza b infection predominantly include neurological and musculoskeletal pathologies, while a review of the literature shows that bacter ...201728223680
sensitive detection and simultaneous discrimination of influenza a and b viruses in nasopharyngeal swabs in a single assay using next-generation sequencing-based diagnostics.reassortment of 2009 (h1n1) pandemic influenza virus (pdh1n1) with other strains may produce more virulent and pathogenic forms, detection and their rapid characterization is critical. in this study, we reported a "one-size-fits-all" approach using a next-generation sequencing (ngs) detection platform to extensively identify influenza viral genomes for diagnosis and determination of novel virulence and drug resistance markers. a de novo module and other bioinformatics tools were used to generate ...201727658193
generation and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies specific to avian influenza h7n9 haemagglutinin protein.emerging virulent strains of influenza virus pose a serious public health threat with potential pandemic consequences. a novel avian influenza virus, h7n9, breached the species barrier from infected domestic poultry to humans in 2013 in china. since then, it has caused numerous infections in humans with a close contact to poultry.201727934828
drug-resistant and genetic evolutionary analysis of influenza virus from patients during the 2013 and 2014 influenza season in beijing.the study aimed to analyze drug resistance and mutations and genetic evolution of influenza a and influenza b viruses during the 2013 and 2014 influenza season in beijing, china. rna was extracted from pharyngeal or nasal swabs of 28 patients, and determination of influenza genotypes was performed by using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. influenza a virus samples were sequenced with the neuraminidase (na) gene and m2 matrix protein gene to determine the na inhibitor (n ...201727203354
[a prospective study to assess the burden of influenza-related hospitalizations and emergency department visits among children in bilbao, spain (2010-2011)].this study was undertaken to estimate the burden of morbidity associated with laboratory-confirmed influenza in children below 15 years of age.201728363360
characteristics of seasonal influenza a and b in latin america: influenza surveillance data from ten countries.the increased availability of influenza surveillance data in recent years justifies an actual and more complete overview of influenza epidemiology in latin america. we compared the influenza surveillance systems and assessed the epidemiology of influenza a and b, including the spatio-temporal patterns of influenza epidemics, in ten countries and sub-national regions in latin america.201728346498
analysis of anti-influenza virus neuraminidase antibodies in children, adults, and the elderly by elisa and enzyme inhibition: evidence for original antigenic sin.antibody responses to influenza virus hemagglutinin provide protection against infection and are well studied. less is known about the human antibody responses to the second surface glycoprotein, neuraminidase. here, we assessed human antibody reactivity to a panel of n1, n2, and influenza b virus neuraminidases in different age groups, including children, adults, and the elderly. using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa), we determined the breadth, magnitude, and isotype distribution of ...201728325769
serological response to trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in hiv-infected adults in singapore.a cohort of 81 hiv-infected participants received seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (tiv) and their humoral responses were monitored using hemagglutination inhibition (hai) assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). three weeks after the vaccination, the percentage of the cohort that had an hai titer of >1:40 was 35% (for h1n1), 43% (for h3n2) and 19% (for influenza b). an increase in hai titer can be achieved by an increase in magnitude of the antibody responses, which ...201728277090
phylogenetic relationships of the ha and na genes between vaccine and seasonal influenza a(h3n2) strains in korea.seasonal influenza is caused by two influenza a subtype (h1n1 and h3n2) and two influenza b lineage (victoria and yamagata) viruses. of these antigenically distinct viruses, the h3n2 virus was consistently detected in substantial proportions in korea during the 2010/11-2013/14 seasons when compared to the other viruses and appeared responsible for the influenza-like illness rate peak during the first half of the 2011/12 season. to further scrutinize possible causes for this, we investigated the ...201728257427
[pharmacoepidemiological study of the course of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections in risk groups].to identify risk factors (rfs) for the development of bacterial complications and the prolonged course of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections (arvis) among inpatients treated in russian healthcare facilities in the post-pandemic period; to determine the clinical presentation of the disease (flu-like syndrome) in risk-group people and to evaluate the efficacy of antiviral therapy with arbidol (umifenovir).201728252630
comparison of influenza epidemiological and virological characteristics between outpatients and inpatients in zhejiang province, china, march 2011-june 2015.given the rapid rate of global spread and consequently healthcare costs related to influenza, surveillance plays an important role in monitoring the emerging pandemics in china. however, the characteristics of influenza in southeast of china haven't been fully studied. our study use the surveillance data collected from 16 sentinel hospitals across zhejiang province during march 2011 through june 2015, including the demographic information and respiratory specimens from influenza-like illness (il ...201728241447
distinct susceptibility and applicability of mdck derivatives for influenza virus research.madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) cells are widely utilized as a substrate for influenza virus isolation and propagation due to the high yields of virus. here we compared the conventional mdck cell line, mdck-siat1 and mdck-london for viral production, cell survival, and suitability in testing antivirals using six influenza strains including two h1n1 (pandemic and epidemic strains), three h3n2 and one influenza b strain. overall our results suggest that mdck-london cell line is superior for virus ...201728207898
selection of multi-drug resistant influenza a and b viruses under zanamivir pressure and their replication fitness in ferrets.intravenous zanamivir has been used to treat patients with severe influenza. because the majority of cases (including immunocompromised patients) require the drug for an extended period of treatment, there is a higher risk that the virus will develop resistance. therefore, knowing the possible amino acid substitutions that may arise in recently circulating influenza strains under prolonged zanamivir exposure and their impact on antiviral susceptibility is important.201728195559
the pa endonuclease inhibitor ro-7 protects mice from lethal challenge with influenza a or b viruses.current influenza treatment relies on a single class of antiviral drugs, the neuraminidase inhibitors (nais), raising concern over the potential emergence of resistant variants and necessitating the development of novel drugs. in recent years, investigational inhibitors targeting the endonuclease activity of the influenza acidic polymerase (pa) protein have yielded encouraging results, although there are only limited data on their in vivo efficacy. here, we examined the antiviral potential of th ...201728193653
excess mortality associated with influenza after the 2009 h1n1 pandemic in a subtropical city in china, 2010-2015.the aim of this study was to use a quasi-poisson regression model to estimate the mortality burden associated with influenza type/subtypes in a subtropical city in china, for the years 2010-2015.201728167255
influenza a virus upregulates prpf8 gene expression to increase virus production.a ddrt-pcr analysis was performed to detect cellular genes that are differentially expressed after influenza a virus (h1n1) infection of a549 cells. after ddrt-pcr, eight dna fragments were identified. prpf8, one of the cellular genes that were upregulated after virus infection, was further analyzed since it has previously been identified as a cellular factor required for influenza virus replication. the upregulation of prpf8 gene expression after viral infection was confirmed using real-time rt ...201728110426
influenza a(h1n1)pdm 2009 and influenza b virus co-infection in hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients during the 2015-2016 epidemic season in israel.influenza a and b viruses co-infections are rare events and mainly occurred in immunocompromised patients.201728088665
cross-protective efficacy of monovalent live influenza b vaccines against genetically different lineages of b/victoria and b/yamagata in ferrets.currently, two genetic lineages of influenza b virus, b/victoria and b/yamagata, are cocirculating in humans in various countries. this situation has raised a question regarding the possibility of cross-protection between b components of live attenuated influenza vaccine (laiv) belonging to different lineages. this study aimed to assess in naïve ferrets the potential protective activity of monovalent b-laivs against challenge with homologous and heterologous wild-type (wt) influenza b viruses.201830246028
anti-influenza a viral butenolide from streptomyces sp. smu03 inhabiting the intestine of elephas maximus.actinobacteria are a phylum of bacteria known for their potential in producing structurally diversified natural products that are always associated with a broad range of biological activities. in this paper, using an h5n1 pseudo-typed virus drug screening system combined with a bioassay guided purification approach, an antiviral butanolide (1) was identified from the culture broth of streptomyces sp. smu03, a bacterium isolated from the feces of elephas maximus in yunnan province, china. this co ...201829976861
[swine-spread severe influenza-associated pneumonia: a case report and literature review].we report and analyze the clinical data of the first case of severe pneumonia caused by influenza b virus from swine. the patient, a 62 year-old male domestic pig breeder, was admitted to hospital because of fever and muscle pain for 5 days, and anhelation for 3 days. one week before the onset of disease, the patient kept close contact with pigs. ct scan of the chest showed diffuse infiltration in both lungs. influenza b virus antigen detection (colloidal gold method) was repeatedly positive. th ...201830643075
cross-reactive and lineage-specific single domain antibodies against influenza b hemagglutinin.influenza b virus (ibv) circulates in the human population and causes considerable disease burden worldwide, each year. current ibv vaccines can struggle to mount an effective cross-reactive immune response, as strains become mismatched, due to constant antigenic changes. additional strategies which use monoclonal antibodies, with broad reactivity, are of considerable interest, both, as diagnostics and as immunotherapeutics. alternatives to conventional monoclonal antibodies, such as single doma ...201931544820
passaging of an influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 virus in a difluoro sialic acid inhibitor selects for a novel, but unfit i106m neuraminidase mutant.an influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 and an influenza b virus were passaged in 3-fluoro(eq)-4-guanidino difluoro sialic acid (3feq4gu dfsa), an inhibitor of the influenza neuraminidase (na) to determine whether resistant variants could be selected. 3feq4gu dfsa is a mechanism-based inhibitor, forming a covalent link to y406 in the na active site. given its similarity to the natural substrate, sialic acid, we predicted resistant variants would be difficult to select. yields of both viruses decreased with pa ...201931233807
mucosal immunity against neuraminidase prevents influenza b virus transmission in guinea pigs.despite efforts to control influenza virus infection and transmission, influenza viruses still cause significant morbidity and mortality in the global human population each year. most of the current vaccines target the immunodominant hemagglutinin surface glycoprotein of the virus. however, reduced severity of disease and viral shedding have also been linked to antibodies targeting the second viral surface glycoprotein, the neuraminidase. importantly, antineuraminidase immunity was shown to be r ...201931113896
the tree shrew is a promising model for the study of influenza b virus infection.influenza b virus is a main causative pathogen of annual influenza epidemics, however, research on influenza b virus in general lags behind that on influenza a viruses, one of the important reasons is studies on influenza b viruses in animal models are limited. here we investigated the tree shrew as a potential model for influenza b virus studies.201931174549
divergent influenza-like viruses of amphibians and fish support an ancient evolutionary association.influenza viruses (family orthomyxoviridae) infect a variety of vertebrates, including birds, humans, and other mammals. recent metatranscriptomic studies have uncovered divergent influenza viruses in amphibians, fish and jawless vertebrates, suggesting that these viruses may be widely distributed. we sought to identify additional vertebrate influenza-like viruses through the analysis of publicly available rna sequencing data. accordingly, by data mining, we identified the complete coding segmen ...202032962015
antiviral properties of extracts of streptomyces sp. smu 03 isolated from the feces of elephas maximus.actinobacteria are historically and continued to be an important source for drug discovery. the annual epidemics and periodic pandemics of humans induced by influenza a virus (iav) prompted us to develop new effective antiviral drugs with different modes of action. an actinobacterium of streptomyces sp. smu 03 was identified from the feces of elephas maximus in yunnan province, china. by employing an h5n1 pseudo-typed virus drug screening system, the anti-iav effect of the dichloromethane extrac ...202032330578
safety and immunogenicity of a novel quadrivalent subunit influenza vaccine in animal models.background: compared with trivalent influenza vaccines, quadrivalent influenza vaccines are expected to provide wider protection against influenza b virus infections. we developed a novel quadrivalent subunit influenza vaccine which was distinct from the influenza vaccines available on the market in production process. in this research, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of the quadrivalent subunit influenza vaccine in animal models.methods: in toxicity assessment, 40 sd rats were random ...202032186950
selective usage of anp32 proteins by influenza b virus polymerase: implications in determination of host range.the influenza b virus (ibv) causes seasonal influenza and has accounted for an increasing proportion of influenza outbreaks. ibv mainly causes human infections and has not been found to spread in poultry. the replication mechanism and the determinants of interspecies transmission of ibv are largely unknown. in this study, we found that the host anp32 proteins are required for the function of the ibv polymerase. human anp32a/b strongly supports ibv replication, while anp32e has a limited role. un ...202033045004
quadrivalent cell culture influenza virus vaccine. comparison to egg-derived vaccine.influenza virus infections pose a serious public health problem and vaccination is the most effective public health intervention against them. the current manufacture of influenza vaccines in embryonated chicken eggs entails significant limitations. these limitations have been overcome by producing vaccines in cell culture, which allow a faster and more flexible response to potential pandemic threats. given the impact of influenza b virus on disease burden, the availability of quadrivalent vacci ...202032255723
pathogenicity and transmissibility assessment of two strains of human influenza virus isolated in china in 2018.influenza season occurs every year in china, but its presentation was unusual in the period from december 2017 to early 2018. during this period, influenza activity was increasing across the country and was much greater than during the same period in previous years, with great harm to people's health.202133472481
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