Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted ascending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
premorbid factors and outcome associated with respiratory virus infections in a pediatric intensive care unit.the purpose of this study was to report the clinical features and outcome of all children with a laboratory proven diagnosis of respiratory virus infection admitted to a university pediatric intensive care unit (picu).200818219695
rsv capsid polymorphism correlates with polymerization efficiency and envelope glycoprotein content: implications that nucleation controls morphogenesis.we used cryo-electron tomography to visualize rous sarcoma virus, the prototypic alpharetrovirus. its polyprotein gag assembles into spherical procapsids, concomitant with budding. in maturation, gag is dissected into its matrix, capsid protein (ca), and nucleocapsid moieties. ca reassembles into cores housing the viral rna and replication enzymes. evidence suggests that a correctly formed core is essential for infectivity. the virions in our data set range from approximately 105 to approximatel ...200818206161
respiratory syncytial virus infection in patients with hematological diseases: single-center study and review of the literature.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes significant mortality in patients with hematological diseases, but diagnosis and treatment are uncertain.200818181739
polylactide-co-glycolide (plg) microparticles modify the immune response to dna vaccination.priming with the major surface glycoprotein g of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) expressed by recombinant vaccinia leads to strong th2 responses and lung eosinophilia during viral challenge. we now show that dna vaccination in balb/c mice with plasmids encoding g attenuated rsv replication but also enhanced disease with lung eosinophilia and increased il-4/5 production. however, formulating the dna with plg microparticles reduced the severity of disease during rsv challenge without significant ...200818191308
cytokine production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of mite allergen-sensitized atopic adults stimulated with respiratory syncytial virus and mite allergen.the interaction between viral respiratory tract infection and allergen sensitization in allergic asthma is unclear. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has attracted attention as an important lower respiratory pathogen during childhood, while recent evidence indicates that rsv is also an important lower respiratory pathogen for adults. immunity against rsv differs between children and adults. several reports suggest that rsv infection in children results in a th2-skewed immune response. the purpos ...200818204281
[respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children. a 3-year study].to assess the prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and other important respiratory viruses in children hospitalized in a pediatric hospital in paris (france) during a 3-year period (2001 to 2004).200818061394
persistent of respiratory syncytial virus in human dendritic cells and influence of nitric oxide.the annual epidemics of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection are probably explained by poor herd immunity and the existence of a dormant reservoir of virus that is activated by an unknown trigger. the virus causes particular problems in infants, the elderly and patients with chronic obstructive airways disease (copd). during two consecutive winters, human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (dcs) were exposed on a single occasion to one of two forms of rsv labelled with a fluorescent express ...200818062796
promoters influence the kinetics of transgene expression following adenovector gene delivery.the kinetics of gene expression from adenovirus-based delivery vectors will be an important variable influencing the efficacy and toxicity of these vectors. as different promoters have variable strengths and kinetic profiles, the optimal dose of a therapeutic transgene product over time may be achieved by varying the promoter.200818064718
one-step reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus in children.human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the main cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and children. rapid diagnosis is required to permit appropriate care and treatment and to avoid unnecessary antibiotic use. reverse transcriptase (rt-pcr) and indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) methods have been considered important tools for virus detection due to their high sensitivity and specificity. in order to maximize use-simplicity and minimize the risk of sample cross-c ...200818068812
regulation of mtorc1 signaling by src kinase activity is akt1-independent in rsv-transformed cells.increased activity of the src tyrosine protein kinase that has been observed in a large number of human malignancies appears to be a promising target for drug therapy. in the present study, a critical role of the src activity in the deregulation of mtor signaling pathway in rous sarcoma virus (rsv)-transformed hamster fibroblasts, h19 cells, was shown using these cells treated with the src-specific inhibitor, su6656, and clones of fibroblasts expressing either the active src or the dominant-nega ...200818283331
il-10 gene polymorphism at -1082 a/g is associated with severe rhinovirus bronchiolitis in infants.we analyzed polymorphisms of il-10 -1082 g/a, il-18 -137 g/c, tlr4 +896 a/g, and ifng +874 t/a in 139 infants under 6 months of age hospitalized with bronchiolitis and 400 unselected blood donors. causative viruses were determined by pcr. infants with bronchiolitis associated with a virus other than respiratory syncytial virus (n = 18), were more often il-10 -1082 allele g non-carriers, that is, homozygous for allele a (aa) than controls (66.7% vs. 28.0%, p < 0.0001). infants with rsv bronchioli ...200818286551
alveolar macrophages are a major determinant of early responses to viral lung infection but do not influence subsequent disease development.macrophages are abundant in the lower respiratory tract. they play a central role in the innate response to infection but may also modulate excessive inflammation. both macrophages and ciliated epithelial cells respond to infection by releasing soluble mediators, leading to the recruitment of innate and adaptive effector cells. to study the role of lung macrophages in acute respiratory viral infection, we depleted them by the inhalation of clodronate liposomes in an established mouse model of re ...200818287232
proliferative expansion and acquisition of effector activity by memory cd4+ t cells in the lungs following pulmonary virus infection.the memory cd4+ t cell response to the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) attachment (g) protein in the lungs of primed balb/c mice undergoing challenge pulmonary rsv infection is dominated by effector t cells expressing a single vbeta-chain, vbeta14. we have used vbeta14 expression to examine the kinetics of the activation, accumulation, and acquisition of the effector activity of memory cd4+ t cells responding to pulmonary infection. this analysis revealed that proliferative expansion and effec ...200818292518
two-year prospective study of single infections and co-infections by respiratory syncytial virus and viruses identified recently in infants with acute respiratory disease.a prospective 2-year analysis including 322 infant patients with acute respiratory disease (ard) hospitalized in a pediatric department in northern italy was carried out to evaluate the role as respiratory pathogens or co-pathogens of recently identified viruses. the presence of respiratory syncitial virus (rsv), human metapneumoviruses (hmpvs), human bocaviruses (hbovs), and human coronaviruses (hcovs) was assayed by molecular detection and clinical symptoms evaluated. nasopharyngeal aspirates ...200818297694
molecular epidemiological analysis of a nosocomial outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus associated pneumonia in a kangaroo mother care unit in south africa.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) may cause severe lower respiratory tract disease in premature infants. prolonged viral shedding has been reported in patients with underlying immunosuppressive disorders, such as human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1) infection. during march to may 2006, 23 preterm pediatric patients developed nosocomial pneumonia in a district hospital in the gauteng province of south africa due to rsv infection. the patients were identified using routine diagnostic testing. al ...200818297695
identifying infections with respiratory syncytial virus by using specific immunoglobulin g (igg) and iga enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with oral-fluid samples.currently, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is identified in epidemiological studies by virus antigen or nucleic acid detection in combination with serology. oral-fluid specimens may provide a noninvasive alternative to blood, and oral fluid is more suitable for sampling outside of the clinic setting. we evaluated an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of rsv-specific immunoglobulin g (igg) and iga by using oral-fluid samples collected from individuals with rs ...200818305129
antiviral and anti-proliferative glycoproteins from the rhizome of smilax glabra roxb (liliaceae).the glycoproteins possessing antiviral and anti-proliferative activities were isolated from the chinese medicinal herb smilax glabra (known as tufuling), by extraction with 0.2 m nacl, ammonium sulfate precipitation, fetuin-agarose affinity chromatography and gel filtration. the molecular mass of the fetuin-binding glycoprotein (designated sgpf2) was estimated to be about 58 kda, with a major protein subunit of 26 kda. the non-fetuin binding glycoproteins (in the unadsorbed fraction) were furthe ...200818306461
[detection of respiratory syncytial virus with nested rt-pcr and a new rapid detection test kit in patients with influenza-like illness, including elderly adults].respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, a common lower respiratory infection in infants, is now recognized in the usa as a significant problem in elderly adults. rsv infection has rarely been reported in adults in japan. nasal samples from 77 patients with influenza-like illness (ili) and negative for influenza in a rapid antigen detection kit were also tested by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to identify rsv. a clinical trial was also conducted using a new antigen detection test kit for r ...200818306671
melatonin decreases tlr3-mediated inflammatory factor expression via inhibition of nf-kappa b activation in respiratory syncytial virus-infected raw264.7 macrophages.double-stranded (ds) rna has been identified as a ligand for toll-like receptor 3 (tlr3). respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a single-stranded rna virus and a major respiratory pathogen and pneumovirus in human infants pathogenesis of which relies on early inflammatory and immune events of the host in response to rsv, could be recognized by tlr3 sensing viral dsrna produced during replication. the downstream signaling pathway from tlr3 leads to activation of ifn regulatory factor (irf)-3 and/or ...200818312297
activation of the granzyme pathway in children with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection.granzymes (grs), serine proteases present in granules of effector lymphocytes, are involved in several host immune responses, including the activation of cell death and inflammatory pathways. the main goal of this study was to determine whether the local cell-mediated gr pathway is activated during severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract illness (lrti) in children. tracheal aspirates (ta) from 23 children with rsv-lrti and 12 controls without pulmonary disease were analy ...200818317234
the balance between plasmacytoid dc versus conventional dc determines pulmonary immunity to virus infections.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects nearly all infants by age 2 and is a leading cause of bronchiolitis. rsv may employ several mechanisms to induce immune dysregulation, including dendritic cell (dc) modulation during the immune response to rsv.200818320041
influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in the elderly.respiratory infections are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide: influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are the predominant pathogens responsible. annual vaccination and the use of antiviral drugs provides both protection and treatment against influenza, particularly protecting those patients most at risk, including the elderly and individuals with chronic comorbidities. currently, there are extremely limited options in the protection against rsv infection, mak ...200818324893
comparison of direct immunofluorescence, conventional cell culture and polymerase chain reaction techniques for detecting respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal aspirates from infants.a total of 316 samples of nasopharyngeal aspirate from infants up to two years of age with acute respiratory-tract illnesses were processed for detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) using three different techniques: viral isolation, direct immunofluorescence, and pcr. of the samples, 36 (11.4%) were positive for rsv, considering the three techniques. pcr was the most sensitive technique, providing positive findings in 35/316 (11.1%) of the samples, followed by direct immunofluorescence ...200818327485
sub-nucleocapsid nanoparticles: a nasal vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus.bronchiolitis caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in infants less than two years old is a growing public health concern worldwide, and there is currently no safe and effective vaccine. a major component of rsv nucleocapsid, the nucleoprotein (n), has been so far poorly explored as a potential vaccine antigen, even though it is a target of protective anti-viral t cell responses and is remarkably conserved between human rsv a and b serotypes. we recently reported a method to produce re ...200818335041
outbreaks of human coronavirus in a pediatric and neonatal intensive care unit.human coronavirus 229e (hcov) has been recently recognized as a potential agent of nosocomial viral respiratory infections (nrvi) in high-risk infants. we have confirmed this as fact through the study of a 1-year period of hcov outbreaks occurring during a prospective survey of nrvi in a paediatric and neonatal intensive care unit (pnicu) using new molecular techniques for hcov detection. nasal samples obtained at admission and weekly thereafter for all hospitalised children, as well as monthly ...200818335238
prospective evaluation of rapid antigen tests for diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infections.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are two important viral pathogens that cause respiratory tract infections in the pediatric population. the rapid detection of these agents allows the prompt isolation and treatment of infected patients. in the present prospective study, we evaluated the performances of four rapid antigen detection assays, including a rapid chromatographic immunoassay (cia) for rsv (directigen ez rsv; becton dickinson, sparks, md), a direct fluore ...200818337386
respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccines--two steps back for one leap forward.respiratory viruses are among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. from a vaccine viewpoint, such viruses may be divided into two principle groups-those where infection results in long-term immunity and whose continued survival requires constant mutation, and those where infection induces incomplete immunity and repeated infections are common, even with little or no mutation. influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) typify the former and latter groups, res ...200818340669
[clinical and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory infections caused by human metapneumovirus in pediatric patients].human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was first identified in 2001 in respiratory samples from children and adults with acute respiratory tract infection. the aim of this prospective study was to determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pediatric patients with an acute respiratory tract infection and exclusive isolation of hmpv in respiratory samples (december 2005-january 2007).200818341917
infection-induced inflammatory response of adipocytes in vitro.abdominal obesity plays an important role in the development of insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. the exact pathophysiological mechanisms are unclear but adipocyte dysfunction is thought to be crucial. infections are associated with the development of atherosclerosis as well as diabetes. in this study we investigated whether adipocytes can be infected and whether this results in production of inflammatory cytokines relevant for the development of atherosclerosis and diab ...200818347604
immune-mediated anti-neoplastic effect of intratumoral rsv envelope glycoprotein expression is related to apoptotic death of tumor cells but not to the size of syncytia.to promote the development of improved tumor vaccination strategies relying on the intratumoral expression of viral fusogenic membrane proteins, we elucidated whether the size of syncytia or the way tumor cells die has an effect on the therapeutic outcome.200818350621
role of human metapneumovirus, human coronavirus nl63 and human bocavirus in infants and young children with acute wheezing.the role of the novel respiratory viruses, human metapneumovirus (hmpv), human coronavirus nl63 (hcov nl63) and human bocavirus (hbov), in wheezing illness in children has not been well studied, especially in africa. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hmpv, hcov nl63 and hbov in south african children with acute wheezing. a prospective study of consecutive children presenting with acute wheezing to a pediatric hospital from may 2004 to november 2005 was undertaken. a nasa ...200818360904
strategies for prevention of rsv nosocomial infection.to review the literature on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) as a cause of nosocomial infections (ni) on neonatal intensive care units (nicus) and pediatric wards, and the effectiveness of various containment strategies.200818368056
prevention of hospitalization due to respiratory syncytial virus: results from the palivizumab outcomes registry.the palivizumab outcomes registry contains data on infants and young children who received palivizumab for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) that causes serious lower respiratory tract illness.200818368063
structure and ion channel activity of the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) small hydrophobic protein transmembrane domain.the small hydrophobic (sh) protein from the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a glycoprotein of approximately 64 amino acids with one putative alpha-helical transmembrane domain. although sh protein is important for viral infectivity, its exact role during viral infection is not clear. herein, we have studied the secondary structure, orientation, and oligomerization of the transmembrane domain of sh (sh-tm) in the presence of lipid bilayers. only one oligomer, a pentamer, was observed ...200818369195
nasal delivery of sirna.the intranasal administration of sirna has opened new vistas in drug delivery and respiratory therapy. in this strategy, synthetic sirna with or without chemical modifications can be applied intranasally. various delivery vehicles have been tested and optimized. with a few exceptions, all promote significant uptake of sirna into the lung tissue and offer protection against respiratory viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus (piv), and influenza virus. no major adve ...200818369779
human metapneumovirus infection in young children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract disease: virologic and clinical features.human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is an emerging virus associated with acute respiratory tract infections (aris) in young children.200818382388
insertion of the two cleavage sites of the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein in sendai virus fusion protein leads to enhanced cell-cell fusion and a decreased dependency on the hn attachment protein for activity.cell entry by paramyxoviruses requires fusion of the viral envelope with the target cell membrane. fusion is mediated by the viral fusion (f) glycoprotein and usually requires the aid of the attachment glycoprotein (g, h or hn, depending on the virus). human respiratory syncytial virus f protein (f(rsv)) is able to mediate membrane fusion in the absence of the attachment g protein and is unique in possessing two multibasic furin cleavage sites, separated by a region of 27 amino acids (pep27). cl ...200818385247
genotyping of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) group a in stockholm, sweden, using pcr and two-dimensional melting curve analysis.genotyping of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus group a, by means of a novel method based on pcr, fret (fluorescence resonance energy transmission) detection and two-dimensional melting curve analysis, was carried out on 80 rs virus samples of group a collected in stockholm from 1976 to 2005. the tm values were assessed for three different genotypes (ga2, ga5 and ga7) circulating in sweden. two pairs of probes were used and results of subsequent data analysis were plotted in a two-dimensional sys ...200818397467
a molecular switch required for retrovirus assembly participates in the hexagonal immature lattice.in the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) gag protein, the 25 amino-acid residues of the p10 domain immediately upstream of the ca domain are essential for immature particle formation. we performed systematic mutagenesis on this region and found excellent correlation between the amino-acid side chains required for in vitro assembly and those that participate in the p10-ca dimer interface in a previously described crystal structure. we introduced exogenous cysteine residues that were predicted to form disu ...200818401344
respiratory viruses in laryngeal croup of young children.to determine the viral cause of laryngeal croup by use of highly sensitive methods, and including recently recognized viruses in the analysis.200818410770
regulation of immunity to respiratory syncytial virus by dendritic cells, toll-like receptors, and notch.the activation and maintenance of pulmonary viral disease is regulated at multiple levels and determined by the early innate response to the pathogenic stimuli. subsequent activation events that rely directly and indirectly on the virus itself can alter the development and severity of the ensuing immunopathologic responses. in the present review we outline several interconnected mechanisms that rely on the early recognition of viral nucleic acid for the most appropriate anti-viral immune respons ...200818419253
respiratory syncytial virus infection in a sicilian pediatric population: risk factors, epidemiology, and severity.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) in young children worldwide. this study evaluated the epidemiological and clinical patterns of rsv infection in infants hospitalized for lrtis in sicily. over a 7-month period (october 1, 2005 to april 30, 2006), all children <2 years of age hospitalized for lrtis were evaluated and tested for respiratory viruses. logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors assoc ...200818430319
[etiology of pneumonia in hospitalized patients less than 3 years of age].to understand the etiology of pneumonia in hospitalized patients less than 3 years of age.200818433531
chemokine-receptor upregulation and disease severity in respiratory syncytial virus infection.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is an important cause of severe infant bronchiolitis, partly due to lower airway inflammation orchestrated by virus-induced chemokine secretion. chemokine receptors may therefore be therapeutic targets. we investigated rsv-induced chemokine receptor (ccr) 1, 2 and 5 surface expressions in a cellular model and in infants. rsv infection increased human monocytic ccr1, 2 and 5 expression, as assessed by facs, via replication-dependent mechanisms. ccr1 and ...200818439876
inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus infections with morpholino oligomers in cell cultures and in mice.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants, young children, and high-risk adults. currently, there is no vaccine to prevent rsv infection, and the available therapeutic agents are of limited utility. peptide-conjugated phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (ppmos) are a class of antisense agents that can enter cells readily and interfere with viral protein expression through steric blocking of complementary rna. two antisense ppmos, desig ...200818443602
hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection and invasive pneumococcal disease in danish children aged <2 years: a population-based cohort study.previous population-based studies have reported a temporal association between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and invasive pneumococcal disease (ipd). we examined this association at an individual level in the danish population.200818444851
what caused lymphopenia in sars and how reliable is the lymphokine status in glucocorticoid-treated patients?severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) outbreak in 2002-03 caused morbidity in over 8000 individuals and mortality in 744 in 29 countries. lymphopenia along with neutrophilia was a feature of sars, as it is in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and ebola infections, to name a few. direct infestation of lymphocytes, neutrophils and macrophages by sars coronavirus (cov) has been debated as a cause of lymphopenia, but there is no convincing data. lymphopenia can be caused by glucocorticoids, and t ...200818448259
mutations in the spacer peptide and adjoining sequences in rous sarcoma virus gag lead to tubular budding.all orthoretroviruses encode a single structural protein, gag, which is necessary and sufficient for the assembly and budding of enveloped virus-like particles from the cell. the gag proteins of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) contain a short spacer peptide (sp or sp1, respectively) separating the capsid (ca) and nucleocapsid (nc) domains. sp or sp1 and the residues immediately upstream are known to be critical for proper assembly. using mutagenesis and e ...200818448521
correlation between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) test data and hospitalization of children for rsv lower respiratory tract illness in florida.florida experiences year-round outbreaks of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), but it is unknown if there is a correlation between rsv virology data and disease-related hospitalizations. we analyzed rsv surveillance and hospitalization data for the state of florida to determine if there is an association between seasonal virology data and the incidence of international classification of diseases, 9th revision, clinical modification (icd-9-cm) coded hospitalizations for rsv lower respiratory trac ...200818449062
dual role of nox2 in respiratory syncytial virus- and sendai virus-induced activation of nf-kappab in airway epithelial cells.human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a member of the paramyxoviridae family, is the most important viral agent of pediatric respiratory tract disease worldwide. human airway epithelial cells (aec) are the primary targets of rsv. aec are responsible for the secretion of a wide spectrum of cytokines and chemokines that are important mediators of the exacerbated airway inflammation triggered by the host in response to rsv infection. nf-kappab is a key transcription factor responsible for the re ...200818453612
multiple simultaneous viral infections in infants with acute respiratory tract infections in spain.the clinical significance of the presence of more than one type of virus in the respiratory specimens of children with respiratory infections is not clear.200818455958
[evaluation of seeplex rv detection kit for detecting rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, and coronavirus].direct antigen test (dat) and culture are primary tests to diagnose infections by respiratory viruses, but are mainly available for the traditional viral pathogens such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza virus, parainfluenza virus (piv), and adenovirus in clinical laboratories. the objective of this study was to evaluate a multiplex reverse transcriptase-pcr method using seeplex rv detection kit (seegene, korea) for the detection of rhinovirus, coronavirus, and human metapneumovirus ...200818458506
evaluation of promoter strength in mouse and rat primary hepatocytes using adenovirus vectors.primary cultured hepatocytes are widely used in the studies of basic and clinical hepatology. finding an efficient method for gene transfer into primary hepatocytes will be an important advance for these studies. in the present study, we evaluated the activity of an adenovirus vector including promoters for the rous sarcoma virus (rsv), elongation factor 1alpha, and cytomegalovirus (cmv) as well as the beta-actin promoter/cmv enhancer (ca) using beta-galactosidase as a reporter gene. although rs ...200818468873
etiologic agents and outcome determinants of community-acquired pneumonia in urban children: a hospital-based study.etiologic clues and prognostic indicators of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) were sought in a 30-month study of under-5 admissions for acute lower respiratory infections (alris). investigative tools included blood culture, hemogram, immunofluorescence and serology. associations of variables were tested using standard statistical tools. of 419 alri, 323 (77%) had pneumonia, 234 (72.4%) bronchopneumonia, 66 (20.4%) lobar pneumonia and 23 (7.1%) both. more than 70% had poor parental socioeconomi ...200818481475
factors associated with increased risk of progression to respiratory syncytial virus-associated pneumonia in young kenyan children.to identify factors associated with developing severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia and their commonality with all-cause lower respiratory tract infection (lrti), in order to isolate those risk factors specifically associated with rsv-lrti and identify targets for control.200818482199
human respiratory syncytial virus genomic and antigenic variants isolated in two hospitals during one epidemic, in santiago, chile.human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a major cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection (lri) in children. distinct variants of the viruses have been described.200818485812
similar cytokine profiles in response to infection with respiratory syncytial virus type a and type b in the upper respiratory tract in infants.human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading viral cause of severe respiratory illness in infants and young children worldwide. rsv isolates can be divided into 2 subgroups, type a and type b. here, we compare for the first time the nasal profiles of 27 immune mediators in response to both viral subtypes in 14 children infected with rsv/a, 8 children infected with rsv/b, 11 children coinfected with rsv/a plus other respiratory viruses, and finally, 27 control children, all <2 years old ...200818493154
rate-difference method proved satisfactory in estimating the influenza burden in primary care visits.to compare different methods to estimate the disease burden of influenza, using influenza and respiratory syncytial virus-(rsv) associated primary care data as an example.200818495428
respiratory syncytial virus infection provokes airway remodelling in allergen-exposed mice in absence of prior allergen sensitization.the mechanisms underlying exacerbation of asthma induced by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection have been extensively studied in human and animal models. however, most of these studies focused on acute inflammation and little is known of its long-term consequences on remodelling of the airway tissue.200818498543
sendai virus recombinant vaccine expressing hpiv-3 hn or f elicits protective immunity and combines with a second recombinant to prevent hpiv-1, hpiv-3 and rsv infections.the human parainfluenza viruses (hpivs) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are the leading causes of serious respiratory illness in the human pediatric population. despite decades of research, there are currently no licensed vaccines for either the hpiv or rsv pathogens. here we describe the testing of hpiv-3 and rsv candidate vaccines using sendai virus (sev, murine piv-1) as a vector. sev was selected as the vaccine backbone, because it has been shown to elicit robust and durable immune act ...200818499307
ards in an hiv-positive patient associated to respiratory syncytial virus.we describe a clinical case of ards in an hiv infected patient. ards was associated to a respiratory syncytial virus infection that triggered a suspected pneumocystis infection that despite missing etiologic proofs was treated with antimycotics. as rather limited information on rsv associated ards in hiv patients is available in the current literature, this case is of significant interest.200818499559
high frequency oscillatory ventilation for respiratory failure due to rsv bronchiolitis.to describe the time course of high frequency oscillatory ventilation (hfov) in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis.200818500423
an optimized electrofusion-based protocol for generating virus-specific human monoclonal antibodies.we sought to develop and optimize a hybridoma-based technology for generating human hybridomas that secrete virus-specific monoclonal antibodies for clinical diagnosis and therapy. we developed a novel electrofusion protocol for efficiently fusing epstein-barr virus (ebv)-transformed human b cells with myeloma partners. we tested seven myeloma cell lines and achieved highest efficiency when the hmma 2.5 line was used. we optimized the electrofusion process by improving cell treatments before and ...200818514220
review of palivizumab in the prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in high-risk infants.in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease the balance between the innate and adaptive immune responses determines the expression of the pathological phenotype favoring the development of acute bronchiolitis, and in certain children the development of recurrent wheezing. while humoral antibody plays a major role in protection against disease, t-cell immunity targeted to viral proteins appears to terminate viral infection. at the moment, treatment modalities for acute rsv infection do not effec ...200819707374
prevalence of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis in samples submitted for rsv screening.the clinical presentation of bordetella pertussis can overlap with that of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv); however, management differs.200819561728
adenovirus-mediated thymidine kinase gene therapy and coxsackie adenovirus receptor expression in ovarian cancer cells.coxsackie adenovirus receptor (car) expression is the main mechanism of adenovirus entry into target cells. it is unclear whether car expression itself is influenced by transduction with the adenovirus-rous sarcoma virus-thymidine kinase (adv-rsv-tk) gene therapy construct or by the subsequent intracellular accumulation of the tk gene product. antibody generation and characterization, immunocytochemistry, western blotting and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (mtt) assay w ...200819287072
1h, 13c, and 15n resonance assignment of the n-terminal domain of mason-pfizer monkey virus capsid protein, ca 1-140.mason-pfizer monkey virus (m-pmv) belongs to the family of betaretroviruses characterized by the assembly of immature particles within cytoplasm of infected cells in contrast to other retroviruses (e.g. hiv, rsv) that assemble their immature particles at a plasma membrane. simultaneously with or shortly after budding a virus-encoded protease is activated and the gag polyprotein is cleaved into three major structural proteins: matrix (ma), capsid (ca), and nucleocapsid (nc) protein. mature retrov ...200819636921
palivizumab in preventing respiratory syncytial virus-related hospitalization in high-risk infants.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes seasonal epidemics (winter or wet-season) of serious lower respiratory tract infections in young infants with subsequent increased frequency of recurrent wheezing during early childhood. palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that provides immunoprophylaxis against rsv when administered monthly over the rsv season. it significantly reduced hospitalizations in high-risk infants including preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia a ...200820528363
t - helper2 /t - helper1 imbalance in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in relation to disease severity and outcome.the present study included 80 egyptians infants with acute bronchiolitis; age ranged from 2 to 22 month and consisted of 60 males and 20 females. in addition, 30 apparently healthy infants of matched age and sex were also included as controls. besides taking history, thorough clinical examination and routine laboratorial investigations, arterial oxygen saturation, rsv tissue culture of nasopharyngeal lavage, indirect immnoflourescence for serum igm against rsv, serum il-4 and ifn-gamma were done ...200820306698
[nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections in three cases in a bone marrow transplantation unit].here we report the spread of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection among three patients, who were hospitalized in an adult hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (hsct) unit because of hematologic diseases, and effects of rsv infection on post-transplant outcome. the patients were placed into reverse isolation for administration of preparative regimens (high dose chemotherapy) in hsct unit with high-energy particulate air (hepa)-filtered single rooms. first case was a 62 years-old man with ...200818697436
young infants can develop protective levels of neutralizing antibody after infection with respiratory syncytial virus.humoral immunity protects against severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease, but the range and magnitude of antibody responses in rsv-naive children after rsv infection have not been completely defined. we evaluated rsv-neutralizing antibody and immunoglobulin g responses to rsv f and g glycoproteins in 65 rsv-naive navajo and white mountain apache children aged 0-24 months who were hospitalized with rsv infection. in these children, antibody responses developed against rsv f and g and th ...200818702606
vaccination of calves using the brsv nucleocapsid protein in a dna prime-protein boost strategy stimulates cell-mediated immunity and protects the lungs against brsv replication and pathology.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of respiratory disease in both cattle and young children. despite the development of vaccines against bovine (b)rsv, incomplete protection and exacerbation of subsequent rsv disease have occurred. in order to circumvent these problems, calves were vaccinated with the nucleocapsid protein, known to be a major target of cd8(+) t cells in cattle. this was performed according to a dna prime-protein boost strategy. the results showed that dna vaccina ...200818644416
chronological and clinical characteristics of apnea associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection: a retrospective case series.infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection are at risk for developing apnea. the authors compared patients with rsv infection who develop apnea with those who do not, to help ambulatory physicians risk stratify their patients with rsv infection.200818648081
epidemiologic characteristics and seasonal distribution of human metapneumovirus infections in five epidemic seasons in stockholm, sweden, 2002-2006.the presence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was analyzed retrospectively by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) in five epidemic seasons, in stockholm, 2002-2006. the occurrence of hmpv was compared with five common respiratory viruses; respiratory syncytial virus, influenza a virus, influenza b virus, parainfluenza virus and adenovirus. with a detection rate of 2.9% (n = 143/4,989) in nasopharyngeal samples over the whole period, hmpv was the fourth most common respiratory ...200818649344
th1 and th2 cytokine levels in nasopharyngeal aspirates from children with human bocavirus bronchiolitis.human bocavirus (hbov) is regarded as one of the possible etiologic agents in lower respiratory tract infection and bronchial asthma exacerbation in children despite frequent co-detection with other respiratory viruses. the immunologic response in children with hbov infection is still not clear.200818650126
detection of 11 common viral and bacterial pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia or sepsis in asymptomatic patients by using a multiplex reverse transcription-pcr assay with manual (enzyme hybridization) or automated (electronic microarray) detection.community-acquired pneumonia (cap) and sepsis are important causes of morbidity and mortality. we describe the development of two molecular assays for the detection of 11 common viral and bacterial agents of cap and sepsis: influenza virus a, influenza virus b, respiratory syncytial virus a (rsv a), rsv b, mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydophila pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila, legionella micdadei, bordetella pertussis, staphylococcus aureus, and streptococcus pneumoniae. further, we report the ...200818650351
human metapneumovirus in lung transplant recipients and comparison to respiratory syncytial virus.human metapneumovirus is a newly described virus isolated in 2001 from children with acute respiratory viral infection. it has subsequently been reported globally, although there are limited data in lung transplant recipients.200818658110
seasonality of primary care utilization for respiratory diseases in ontario: a time-series analysis.respiratory diseases represent a significant burden in primary care. determining the temporal variation of the overall burden of respiratory diseases on the health care system and their potential causes are keys to understanding disease dynamics in populations and can contribute to the rational management of health care resources.200818662391
enhancement of the cd8+ t cell response to a subdominant epitope of respiratory syncytial virus by deletion of an immunodominant epitope.cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) are critical for the control of respiratory syncytial virus infection (rsv) in humans and mice. recently, we identified a new h-2k(d)-restricted subdominant epitope in the respiratory syncytial virus m2 protein. in this study, we investigated if modification of anchor residues at positions 2 and 9 in the dominant m2(82-90) epitope in the m2 protein would alter the ctl epitope dominance hierarchy following immunization with plasmid dna encoding m2 proteins. we showe ...200818662734
flip-2 study: risk factors linked to respiratory syncytial virus infection requiring hospitalization in premature infants born in spain at a gestational age of 32 to 35 weeks.ex-premature infants are more predisposed to complicated primary respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the aim of the present study was to validate the risk factors found in a previous epidemiologic case-control study regarding hospitalization as a result of rsv infection in premature infants born at 32-35 weeks of gestational age (wga) in spain.200818664927
host species-specific usage of the tlr4-lps receptor complex.recognition of lps depends on the interaction of at least three molecules forming the lps-receptor complex. the most important ones, cd14, md2 and toll-like receptor (tlr) 4 share a high degree of homology between species. in the present study, we investigated the importance of species-specific restriction on the recognition of lps using stably transfected hek293 cell lines expressing either human or bovine lps-receptor complex components. species-specific md2 appeared to confer lps recognition, ...200818669608
bench-to-bedside review: rare and common viral infections in the intensive care unit--linking pathophysiology to clinical presentation.viral infections are common causes of respiratory tract disease in the outpatient setting but much less common in the intensive care unit. however, a finite number of viral agents cause respiratory tract disease in the intensive care unit. some viruses, such as influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), and varicella-zoster virus (vzv), are relatively common. others, such as adenovirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars)-coronavirus, hantavirus, and the viral hemo ...200818671826
purkinje-cell-preferential transduction by lentiviral vectors with the murine stem cell virus promoter.viral-vector-mediated gene delivery into purkinje cells is a promising method for exploring the pathophysiology of the cerebellum; however, it is generally difficult to achieve sufficiently high levels of gene expression in purkinje cells using viral vectors with a cell-type-specific promoter because of the weakness of transcriptional activity. in this study, we prepared lentiviral vectors that express gfp under the control of various ubiquitous promoters derived from murine stem cell virus (msc ...200818675313
respiratory syncytial virus infections in children with acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the children's oncology group.morbidity and mortality related to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (aml) is not known.200818680152
retroviral nucleocapsid proteins display nonequivalent levels of nucleic acid chaperone activity.human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) nucleocapsid protein (nc) is a nucleic acid chaperone that facilitates the remodeling of nucleic acids during various steps of the viral life cycle. two main features of nc's chaperone activity are its abilities to aggregate and to destabilize nucleic acids. these functions are associated with nc's highly basic character and with its zinc finger domains, respectively. while the chaperone activity of hiv-1 nc has been extensively studied, less is known ...200818684831
host immunity during rsv pathogenesis.infection by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of childhood hospitalization as well as a major health and economic burden worldwide. unfortunately, rsv infection provides only limited immune protection to reinfection, mostly due to inadequate immunological memory, which leads to an exacerbated inflammatory response in the respiratory tract promoting airway damage during virus clearance. this exacerbated and inefficient immune-inflammatory response triggered by rsv, has often ...200818687294
viral infection in adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia: prevalence, pathogens, and presentation.the potential role of respiratory viruses in the natural history of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in adults has not been well described since the advent of nucleic amplification tests (nats).200818689592
integration of rous sarcoma virus dna: a ca dinucleotide is not required for integration of the u3 end of viral dna.the two ends of rsv linear dna are independently inserted into host dna by integrase in vivo. we previously showed that the range of u3 sequences that are acceptable substrates for integrase appeared to be greater than the range of acceptable u5 sequences in vivo. we have done additional experiments to determine which u3 sequences are good integrase substrates. on the u3 end, there does not appear to be a stringent requirement for the canonical ca, integrase can efficiently remove three nucleoti ...200818768972
polymorphisms of toll like receptors in the genetics of severe rsv associated diseases.toll like receptors (tlrs) are an essential part of the innate immune response. so far, ten different tlrs were identified in humans. they recognize a wide range of microbial and viral pathogens. infection by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is still a major health problem, about 2% of all children are hospitalised due to rsv bronchiolitis during their first 2 years of live. tlr4 has already been described in association with rsv associated diseases by us and others. thus we were interested whe ...200818776592
improved outcomes with home-based administration of palivizumab: results from the 2000-2004 palivizumab outcomes registry.palivizumab outcomes registry data collected during 4 years were examined to assess compliance and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization rates in high-risk children receiving palivizumab prophylaxis at home compared with an outpatient setting.200818776822
first report on fatal myocarditis associated with adenovirus infection in cuba.myocarditis is caused frequently by viral infections of the myocardium. in the past, enteroviruses (ev) were considered the most common cause of myocarditis in all age groups. other viruses that cause myocarditis are adenovirus and influenza viruses. parvovirus b19 infection is associated sometimes with myocarditis. members of the herpesviridae family, cytomegalovirus (cmv), and human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6) have been associated occasionally with myocarditis. during an atypical outbreak of acute f ...200818712847
nef can enhance the infectivity of receptor-pseudotyped human immunodeficiency virus type 1 particles.nef is an accessory protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) that enhances the infectivity of progeny virions when expressed in virus-producing cells. the requirement for nef for optimal infectivity is, at least in part, determined by the envelope (env) glycoprotein, because it can be eliminated by pseudotyping hiv-1 particles with ph-dependent env proteins. to investigate the role of env in the function of nef, we have examined the effect of nef on the infectivity of env-deficient ...200818715908
[human bocavirus-infection (hbov): an important cause of severe viral obstructive bronchitis in children].apart from established pathogens of lower respiratory tract infections, such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), an increasing number of additional agents has been identified in recent years. in 2005 the human bocavirus (hbov) has been isolated from respiratory tract samples and has been reported worldwide with frequencies ranging from 1.5 to 18.3% in respiratory samples from children with airway infections.200818716982
optimization of plasmid-only rescue of highly attenuated and temperature-sensitive respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine candidates for human trials.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of severe bronchiolitis in infants and young children in the u.s. no licensed rsv vaccines are currently available. established techniques for recovering rsv from cdna utilize mammalian cells, such as hep-2 or bsr t7/5, that are not currently suitable for vaccine manufacture. when using hep-2 cells, co-infection with an attenuated vaccinia virus that expresses t7 rna polymerase is also required. for human clinical trials, processes that ...200818722472
cigarette smoke condensate enhances respiratory syncytial virus-induced chemokine release by modulating nf-kappa b and interferon regulatory factor activation.exposure to cigarette smoke is a risk factor contributing to the severity of respiratory tract infections associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). stimulation of airway epithelial cells by either rsv or cigarette smoke condensate (csc) has been shown to induce secretion of the proinflammatory chemokines. however, the effect of coexposure of airway epithelial cells to csc and rsv on inducible chemokine production has not been previously investigated. the results of this study indicate t ...200818723827
tiotropium bromide attenuates respiratory syncytial virus replication in epithelial cells.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection could be related to airway inflammation as well as exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). tiotropium bromide decreases the frequency of exacerbation in patients with copd; however, the mechanisms of tiotropium bromide to reduce the chances of exacerbation have not been defined. one potential mechanism could be that tiotropium bromide protects against rsv infection in epithelial cells.200818728351
oncogenesis by retroviruses: old and new paradigms.retroviruses are associated with a variety of diseases including an array of malignancies, immunodeficiencies and neurological disorders. in particular, studies of oncogenic retroviruses established fundamental principles of modern molecular cancer biology. studies of avian rous sarcoma virus (rsv) led to the discovery of the viral oncogene src, and this was followed by the discovery of other viral oncogenes in retroviruses of mammals including rodents, cats, monkeys and so forth. studies of the ...200818729235
relevance of viral context and diversity of antigen-processing routes for respiratory syncytial virus cytotoxic t-lymphocyte epitopes.antigen processing of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion (f) protein epitopes f85-93 and f249-258 presented to cytotoxic t-lymphocytes (ctls) by the murine major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i molecule kd was studied in different viral contexts. epitope f85-93 was presented through a classical endogenous pathway dependent on the transporters associated with antigen processing (tap) when the f protein was expressed from either rsv or recombinant vaccinia virus (rvacv). at least in ...200818753229
cytokine response after severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in early life.immune response after viral infection usually involves t(h)1-mediated response; however, severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection appears to be associated with the development of asthma, a t(h)2-predominant phenotype.200818760461
invasive pneumococcal and meningococcal disease: association with influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus activity?few studies have examined the relationship between viral activity and bacterial invasive disease, considering both influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). this study aimed to assess the potential relationship between invasive pneumococcal disease (ipd), meningococcal disease (md), and influenza virus and rsv activity in the netherlands. correlations were determined between population-based data on ipd and md during 1997-2003 and influenza virus and rsv surveillance data. incidence ...200818211724
Refresh
firstprev
...41424344454647484950...
nextlast
Displaying items 4701 - 4800 of 5991