Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| dissection and cytological mapping of barley chromosome 2h in the genetic background of common wheat. | we used gametocidal (gc) chromosomes 2c and 3c(sat) to dissect barley 2h added to common wheat. the gc chromosome induces chromosomal breakage resulting in chromosomal aberrations in the progeny of the 2h addition line of common wheat carrying the monosomic gc chromosome. we conducted in situ hybridization to select plants carrying structurally rearranged aberrant 2h chromosomes and characterized them by sequential c-banding and in situ hybridization. we established 66 dissection lines of common ... | 2011 | 22214592 |
| rna-seq in grain unveils fate of neo- and paleopolyploidization events in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | whole genome duplication is a common evolutionary event in plants. bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is a good model to investigate the impact of paleo- and neoduplications on the organization and function of modern plant genomes. | 2011 | 22136458 |
| self-organized crystallization patterns from evaporating droplets of common wheat grain leakages as a potential tool for quality analysis. | we studied the evaporation-induced pattern formation in droplets of common wheat kernel leakages prepared out of ancient and modern wheat cultivars as a possible tool for wheat quality analysis. the experiments showed that the substances which passed into the water during the soaking of the kernels created crystalline structures with different degrees of complexity while the droplets were evaporating. the forms ranged from spots and simple structures with single ramifications, through dendrites, ... | 2011 | 22125430 |
| [establishment of wheat-rye addition lines and de novo powdery mildew resistance gene from chromosome 5r]. | the f5 plants derived from octoploid triticale × common wheat were investigated by fish methods using repetitive dna sequences pas1 and psc119.2 as probes. the disease resistance of these plants was also screened and evaluated in the field. the 1r, 2r, 3r, 4r, 5r, 6r and 7r monosomic addition lines and 1r and 2r disomic addition lines were found. the occurrence frequencies of chromosomes 1r and 4r addition lines were higher than that of chromosomes 2r, 3r, 5r, 6r, and 7r addition lines in the hi ... | 2011 | 22120083 |
| [molecular-genetic analysis of the breeding bread wheat lines with starch of amylopectin type]. | pcr-analysis with primers to wx-loci of t. aestivum l. genome lets us run the controlled selection of genotypes with null-alleles of wx-genes while creating bread wheat lines with amylopectin type of starch. microsatellite analysis of selected individual plants which were the carries of three null-alleles of wx-genes (wx-a1b, wx-b1b, wx-d1b) and the cluster analysis in the complex allowed us to pick out four genotypes, which were very close related genetically to the parent form variety kuyalnik ... | 2011 | 22168045 |
| [identification of allelic state of leaf rust-resistance lr34 gene in the cultivars of soft winter wheat of ukrainian breeding]. | the distribution of alleles at the lr34 locus associated with leaf rust resistance among winter common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars of ukrainian breeding was studied. co-dominant molecular-genetic marker cssfr5 was used for detection of the allelic condition of the lr34 locus. the cultivars with detected allele lr34(+) were identified as potentially "resistant" and the cultivars in which detected allele lr34(-) were identified as potentially "susceptible". the collection of the cultiva ... | 2011 | 22168043 |
| in vitro effect of wheat bran (triticum aestivum) extract on calcium oxalate urolithiasis crystallization. | urolithiasis can lead to the loss of renal function in some cases. in this study, we tested the inhibiting effect of wheat bran (triticum aestivum l) extract on calcium oxalate crystallization in a turbidimetric model, by ftir spectroscopy, and polarized microscopy. the results show that this plant extract has a major inhibitory effect on calcium oxalate crystallization. | 2011 | 22164778 |
| assessing wheat (triticum aestivum) genotypes for "yr" resistance genes using conserved regions and simple-sequence motifs. | analysis of dna sequence variation among genotypes is useful for differentiation of wheat accessions, selection strategies and genetic development of crop plants. we screened molecular markers for yellow rust resistance genes (yr7, yr9, yr15, yr18, yr26, and yrh52), which are in the gene-rich regions of wheat chromosomes 1b, 2b, and 7d, to investigate dna sequence differences and repeat motifs and numbers between wheat cultivars resistant (izgi2001, sonmez2001, pi178383) and susceptible (aytin98 ... | 2011 | 22180070 |
| high resolution melting analysis for the detection of ems induced mutations in wheat sbeiia genes. | manipulation of the amylose-amylopectin ratio in cereal starch has been identified as a major target for the production of starches with novel functional properties. in wheat, silencing of starch branching enzyme genes by a transgenic approach reportedly caused an increase of amylose content up to 70% of total starch, exhibiting novel and interesting nutritional characteristics. in this work, the functionality of starch branching enzyme iia (sbeiia) has been targeted in bread wheat by tilling. a ... | 2011 | 22074448 |
| comparison of homoeologous chromosome pairing between hybrids of wheat genotypes chinese spring ph1b and kaixian-luohanmai with rye. | the ph-like genes in the chinese common wheat landrace kaixian-luohanmai (kl) induce homoeologous pairing in hybrids with alien species. in the present study, meiotic phenotypic differences on homoeologous chromosome pairing at metaphase i between hybrids of wheat genotypes chinese spring ph1b (csph1b) and kl with rye were studied by genomic in situ hybridization (gish). the frequency of wheat-wheat associations was higher in csph1b×rye than in kl×rye. however, frequencies of wheat-rye and rye-r ... | 2011 | 22070394 |
| duplication and partitioning in evolution and function of homoeologous q loci governing domestication characters in polyploid wheat. | the q gene encodes an ap2-like transcription factor that played an important role in domestication of polyploid wheat. the chromosome 5a q alleles (5aq and 5aq) have been well studied, but much less is known about the q alleles on wheat homoeologous chromosomes 5b (5bq) and 5d (5dq). we investigated the organization, evolution, and function of the q/q homoeoalleles in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). q/q gene sequences are highly conserved within and among the a, b, and d genomes of hexap ... | 2011 | 22042872 |
| a recessive gene controlling male sterility sensitive to short daylength/low temperature in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | utilization of a two-line breeding system via photoperiod-thermo sensitive male sterility has a great potential for hybrid production in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). 337s is a novel wheat male sterile line sensitive to both short daylength/low temperature and long daylength/high temperature. five f(2) populations derived from the crosses between 337s and five common wheat varieties were developed for genetic analysis. all f(1)'s were highly fertile while segregation occurred in the f(2) populat ... | 2011 | 22042660 |
| characterization of proteins from grain of different bread and durum wheat genotypes. | the classical osborne wheat protein fractions (albumins, globulins, gliadins, and glutenins), as well as several proteins from each of the four subunits of gliadin using sds-page analyses, were determined in the grain of five bread (t. aestivum l.) and five durum wheat (t. durum desf.) genotypes. in addition, content of tryptophan and wet gluten were analyzed. gliadins and glutenins comprise from 58.17% to 65.27% and 56.25% to 64.48% of total proteins and as such account for both quantity and qu ... | 2011 | 22016634 |
| [dynamic simulation of wheat stem-sheath angle based on process]. | based on the field experiments with different plant-type wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars and varied population densities, the time-course changes in the angle between stem and sheath (stem-sheath angle) on main stem were observed, and a process-based model was developed for simulating the growth dynamics of stem-sheath angle on the main stem by using system analysis method and dynamic modeling technology. the stem-sheath angle increased with the growth of corresponding leaves, and decreased ... | 2011 | 22007453 |
| domain loss has independently occurred multiple times in plant terpene synthase evolution. | the extensive family of plant terpene synthases (tpss) generally has a bi-domain structure, yet phylogenetic analyses consistently indicate that these synthases have evolved from larger diterpene synthases. in particular, that duplication of the diterpene synthase genes required for gibberellin phytohormone biosynthesis provided an early predecessor, whose loss of a approximately 220 amino acid 'internal sequence element' (now recognized as the γ domain) gave rise to the precursor of the modern ... | 2011 | 21999670 |
| a comparative study on the interference of two herbicides in wheat and italian ryegrass and on their antioxidant activities and detoxification rates. | a study was carried out to compare the effects of treating wheat (triticum aestivum) and italian ryegrass (lolium multiflorum) with atrazine and fluorodifen. the herbicides interfered with photosynthesis and dark respiration, depending on the species. atrazine decreased photosynthesis in both species and dark respiration in wheat, while fluorodifen caused decrements of photosynthetic activity of wheat. antioxidant enzymes, such as ascorbate peroxidase (apx), dehydroascorbate reductase (dhar), an ... | 2011 | 21999101 |
| the effect of cultivation intensity on mineral content in grain, flakes and bran of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.)--preliminary study. | the aim of the study was to assess the effect of cultivation intensity on the ca, mg, zn and fe contents in winter wheat grain, flakes and bran. the initial material for the study comprised grain, flakes and bran of two winter wheat cultivars kobiera and bogatka. these cultivars were from two strain testing stations located in lower silesia, zybiszów and tomaszów bolesławiecki in the years 2007-2008. the cultivation was conducted on two intensity levels: lower and higher the mineral content was ... | 2011 | 21980867 |
| development of a set of compensating triticum aestivum-dasypyrum villosum robertsonian translocation lines. | dasypyrum villosum (l.) candargy, a wild relative of bread wheat ( triticum aestivum l.), is the source of many agronomically important genes for wheat improvement. production of compensating robertsonian translocations (crobts), consisting of d. villosum chromosome arms translocated to homoeologous wheat chromosome arms, is one of the initial steps in exploiting this variation. the crobts for d. villosum chromosomes 1v, 4v, and 6v have been reported previously. here we report attempted crobts f ... | 2011 | 21961939 |
| response of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown conventionally and on beds in a sandy loam soil. | the present study was undertaken to assess the benefit and compare the functioning of am fungi on wheat grown conventionally and on beds. ten treatment combinations were used, treatments 1 and 2: no fertilizers with and without arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi (in vitro produced glomus intraradices); 3:100% of recommended npk: (120 kg ha(-1) n; 60 kg ha(-1) p; 50 kg ha(-1) k), and 4 and 5: 75% of recommended npk dose with and without am inoculation in a 5 × 2 split-plot design on wheat using co ... | 2011 | 22754021 |
| [simulation on the restoration effect of soil moisture in alfalfa (medicago sativa)-grain rotation system in semi-arid and drought-prone regions of loess plateau]. | with the combination of field survey and epic modeling, this paper simulated the restoration effect of soil moisture in different alfalfa (medicago sativa)-grain rotation systems in semi-arid and drought-prone regions of loess plateau. in perennial alfalfa field and in grain crop field after alfalfa, the correlation coefficients between the simulated and observed values of soil moisture content in 0-10 m layer were larger than 0.9 (p < 0.01), and their relative root mean square errors were betwe ... | 2011 | 21548296 |
| [effects of intercropping sedum plumbizincicola in wheat growth season under wheat-rice rotation on the crops growth and their heavy metals uptake from different soil types]. | a pot experiment with heavy metals- contaminated black soil from heilongjiang province, alluvial soil from henan province, and paddy soil from zhejiang province was conducted to study the effects of intercropping sedum plumbizincicola in wheat growth season under wheat (triticum aestivum) - rice (oryza sativa) rotation on the growth of the crops and their heavy metals uptake, aimed to explore the feasibility of simultaneous grain production and heavy metals-contaminated soil phytoremediation in ... | 2011 | 22263481 |
| a 3,000-loci transcription map of chromosome 3b unravels the structural and functional features of gene islands in hexaploid wheat. | to improve our understanding of the organization and regulation of the wheat (triticum aestivum) gene space, we established a transcription map of a wheat chromosome (3b) by hybridizing a newly developed wheat expression microarray with bacterial artificial chromosome pools from a new version of the 3b physical map as well as with cdna probes derived from 15 rna samples. mapping data for almost 3,000 genes showed that the gene space spans the whole chromosome 3b with a 2-fold increase of gene de ... | 2011 | 22034626 |
| comparative transcriptomics reveals 129 transcripts that are temporally regulated during anther development and meiotic progression in both bread wheat (triticum aestivum) and rice (oryza sativa). | meiosis is a specialised type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that generates genetic diversity and prevents chromosome doubling in successive generations. the last decade has seen forward and reverse genetic approaches identifying many genes in the plant kingdom which highlight similarities and differences in the mechanics of meiosis between taxonomic kingdoms. we present here a high throughput in silico analysis, using bread wheat and rice, which has generated a list of 129 t ... | 2011 | 22028702 |
| differential molecular responses of rice and wheat coleoptiles to anoxia reveal novel metabolic adaptations in amino acid metabolism for tissue tolerance. | rice (oryza sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum) are the most important starch crops in world agriculture. while both germinate with an anatomically similar coleoptile, this tissue defines the early anoxia tolerance of rice and the anoxia intolerance of wheat seedlings. we combined protein and metabolite profiling analysis to compare the differences in response to anoxia between the rice and wheat coleoptiles. rice coleoptiles responded to anoxia dramatically, not only at the level of protein s ... | 2011 | 21622811 |
| frequent gene movement and pseudogene evolution is common to the large and complex genomes of wheat, barley, and their relatives. | all six arms of the group 1 chromosomes of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum) were sequenced with roche/454 to 1.3- to 2.2-fold coverage and compared with similar data sets from the homoeologous chromosome 1h of barley (hordeum vulgare). six to ten thousand gene sequences were sampled per chromosome. these were classified into genes that have their closest homologs in the triticeae group 1 syntenic region in brachypodium, rice (oryza sativa), and/or sorghum (sorghum bicolor) and genes that have ... | 2011 | 21622801 |
| collinearity-based marker mining for the fine mapping of pm6, a powdery mildew resistance gene in wheat. | the genome sequences of rice (oryza sativa l.) and brachypodium distachyon and the comprehensive triticeae est (expressed sequence tag) resources provide invaluable information for comparative genomics analysis. the powdery mildew resistance gene, pm6, which was introgressed into common wheat from triticum timopheevii, was previously mapped to the wheat chromosome bin of 2bl [fraction length (fl) 0.50-1.00] with limited dna markers. in this study, we saturated the pm6 locus in wheat using the co ... | 2011 | 21468676 |
| unlocking the barley genome by chromosomal and comparative genomics. | we used a novel approach that incorporated chromosome sorting, next-generation sequencing, array hybridization, and systematic exploitation of conserved synteny with model grasses to assign ~86% of the estimated ~32,000 barley (hordeum vulgare) genes to individual chromosome arms. using a series of bioinformatically constructed genome zippers that integrate gene indices of rice (oryza sativa), sorghum (sorghum bicolor), and brachypodium distachyon in a conserved synteny model, we were able to as ... | 2011 | 21467582 |
| sequencing and assembly of low copy and genic regions of isolated triticum aestivum chromosome arm 7ds. | the genome of bread wheat (triticum aestivum) is predicted to be greater than 16 gbp in size and consist predominantly of repetitive elements, making the sequencing and assembly of this genome a major challenge. we have reduced genome sequence complexity by isolating chromosome arm 7ds and applied second-generation technology and appropriate algorithmic analysis to sequence and assemble low copy and genic regions of this chromosome arm. the assembly represents approximately 40% of the chromosome ... | 2011 | 21356002 |
| lr34 multi-pathogen resistance abc transporter: molecular analysis of homoeologous and orthologous genes in hexaploid wheat and other grass species. | the triticum aestivum (bread wheat) disease resistance gene lr34 confers durable, race non-specific protection against three fungal pathogens, and has been a highly relevant gene for wheat breeding since the green revolution. lr34, located on chromosome 7d, encodes an atp-binding cassette (abc) transporter. both wheat cultivars with and without lr34-based resistance encode a putatively functional protein that differ by only two amino acid polymorphisms. in this study, we focused on the identific ... | 2011 | 21265893 |
| cloning and characterization of purple acid phosphatase phytases from wheat, barley, maize, and rice. | barley (hordeum vulgare) and wheat (triticum aestivum) possess significant phytase activity in the mature grains. maize (zea mays) and rice (oryza sativa) possess little or virtually no preformed phytase activity in the mature grain and depend fully on de novo synthesis during germination. here, it is demonstrated that wheat, barley, maize, and rice all possess purple acid phosphatase (pap) genes that, expressed in pichia pastoris, give fully functional phytases (paphys) with very similar enzyme ... | 2011 | 21220762 |
| spatial and seasonal distribution of nitrate-n in groundwater beneath the rice-wheat cropping system of india: a geospatial analysis. | increased use of nitrogenous fertilizers in the intensively cultivated rice (oryza sativa)-wheat (triticum aestivum) cropping system (covers a 13.5-ha m area in south asia) has led to the concentration of nitrates (no(3)-n) in the groundwater (gw) in haryana state of india. six districts from the freshwater zone were selected to identify factors affecting no(3)-n enrichment in gw. water and soil samples were collected from 1,580 locations and analyzed for their chemical properties. about 3% (26, ... | 2011 | 20865320 |
| nonphosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is phosphorylated in wheat endosperm at serine-404 by an snf1-related protein kinase allosterically inhibited by ribose-5-phosphate. | nonphosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (np-ga3pdhase) is a cytosolic unconventional glycolytic enzyme of plant cells regulated by phosphorylation in heterotrophic tissues. after interaction with 14-3-3 proteins, the phosphorylated enzyme becomes less active and more sensitive to regulation by adenylates and inorganic pyrophosphate. here, we acknowledge that in wheat (triticum aestivum), np-ga3pdhase is specifically phosphorylated by the snrk (snf1-related) protein kinase fam ... | 2011 | 21546456 |
| [cytogenetic changes induced by low-intensity microwaves in the species triticum aestivum]. | seeds of triticum aestivum having an uniform genophond have been exposed to a microwave flow, with a frequency of 9.75 ghz and a low intensity. the effects of microwaves at various doses on mitotic activity have been followed. our results show that as compared to the controls different types of chromosomal aberrations appeared: delayed chromosomes, micronuclei, interchromosomal bridges, chromosomal fragments. | 2011 | 10756851 |
| searching for wheat plants with low toxicity in celiac disease: between direct toxicity and immunologic activation. | natural or induced variations in the noxiousness of gluten proteins for celiac disease (cd) patients are currently being investigated for their potential in breeding wheat crops with reduced toxicity. | 2011 | 20554485 |
| variation in cadmium tolerance and accumulation and their relationship in wheat recombinant inbred lines at seedling stage. | in order to identify the variation of cadmium (cd) tolerance and accumulation in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), a study was conducted in hydroponic culture with or without cd using recombinant inbred lines (rils) consisting of 103 rils derived from a cross of chuan 35050 × shannong 483 at seedling stage. the parameters of shoot height, secondary roots numbers, tiller numbers, shoot dry weights, root dry weights, and maximum efficiency of photosystem ii photochemistry under dark-adopted conditions ... | 2011 | 20809273 |
| silicon improves the tolerance of wheat seedlings to ultraviolet-b stress. | enhanced ultraviolet-b (uv-b) irradiation is one of the most important abiotic stresses that could influence the growth and physiological traits of plants. in this work, we reported the effects of silicon on the growth and physiological characteristics of wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum l. cv hengmai5229) subject to uv-b stress. treatments with silicon significantly increased total biomass and chlorophyll (a + b) content, and reduced malondialdehyde (mda) content and the rate of superoxide ra ... | 2011 | 20882366 |
| new slow-rusting leaf rust and stripe rust resistance genes lr67 and yr46 in wheat are pleiotropic or closely linked. | the common wheat genotype 'rl6077' was believed to carry the gene lr34/yr18 that confers slow-rusting adult plant resistance (apr) to leaf rust and stripe rust but located to a different chromosome through inter-chromosomal reciprocal translocation. however, haplotyping using the cloned lr34/yr18 diagnostic marker and the complete sequencing of the gene indicated lr34/yr18 is absent in rl6077. we crossed rl6077 with the susceptible parent 'avocet' and developed f(3), f(4) and f(6) populations fr ... | 2011 | 20848270 |
| analysis of high temperature stress on the dynamics of antenna size and reducing side heterogeneity of photosystem ii in wheat leaves (triticum aestivum). | this study demonstrates the effect of high temperature stress on the heterogeneous behavior of psii in wheat (triticum aestivum) leaves. photosystem ii in green plant chloroplasts displays heterogeneity both in the composition of its light harvesting antenna i.e. on the basis of antenna size (α, β and γ centers) and in the ability to reduce the plastoquinone pool i.e. the reducing side of the reaction centers (q(b)-reducing centers and q(b)-non-reducing centers). detached wheat leaves were subje ... | 2011 | 20840840 |
| identification and development of a functional marker of tagw2 associated with grain weight in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the osgw2 gene is involved in rice grain development, influencing grain width and weight. its ortholog in wheat, tagw2, was considered as a candidate gene related to grain development. we found that tagw2 is constitutively expressed, with three orthologs expressing simultaneously. the coding sequence (cds) of tagw2 is 1,275 bp encoding a protein with 424 amino acids, and has a functional domain shared with osgw2. no divergence was detected within the cds sequences in the same locus in ten variet ... | 2011 | 20838758 |
| toxic effect of tetracycline exposure on growth, antioxidative and genetic indices of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | more attention has been paid to tetracycline contamination in view of its rapid increasing concentration in the environment. therefore, it is important to set up rapid, simple, and accurate methods for monitoring tetracycline ecotoxicity. | 2011 | 20936531 |
| a comparative analysis of leaf shape of wheat, barley and maize using an empirical shape model. | the phenotypes of grasses show differences depending on growth conditions and ontogenetic stage. understanding these responses and finding suitable mathematical formalizations are an essential part of the development of plant and crop models. usually, a marked change in architecture between juvenile and adult plants is observed, where dimension and shape of leaves are likely to change. in this paper, the plasticity of leaf shape is analysed according to growth conditions and ontogeny. | 2011 | 20929895 |
| identification and characterization of high temperature stress responsive genes in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and their regulation at various stages of development. | to elucidate the effect of high temperature, wheat plants (triticum aestivum cv. cpan 1676) were given heat shock at 37 and 42°c for 2 h, and responsive genes were identified through pcr-select subtraction technology. four subtractive cdna libraries, including three forward and one reverse subtraction, were constructed from three different developmental stages. a total of 5,500 ests were generated and 3,516 high quality ests submitted to genbank. more than one-third of the ests generated fall in ... | 2011 | 20972607 |
| expression divergence of tambd2 homoeologous genes encoding methyl cpg-binding domain proteins in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | most hexaploid wheat genes are present as triplicate homoeologs derived from the ancestral species. previously, we isolated six wheat cdnas with open reading frame, encoding methyl cpg-binding domain proteins (mbds). in this study, the genomic and cdna sequences of three tambd2 homoeologous genes were obtained and mapped on chromosomes 5a, 5b and 5d, respectively. these sequences showed a very high conservation in the coding region and the exon/intron structure, but the cdna sequences are distin ... | 2011 | 20951189 |
| haplotype analysis of the genes encoding glutamine synthetase plastic isoforms and their association with nitrogen-use- and yield-related traits in bread wheat. | glutamine synthetase (gs) plays a key role in the growth, nitrogen (n) use and yield potential of cereal crops. investigating the haplotype variation of gs genes and its association with agronomic traits may provide useful information for improving wheat n-use efficiency and yield. we isolated the promoter and coding region sequences of the plastic glutamine synthetase isoform (gs2) genes located on chromosomes 2a, 2b and 2d in bread wheat. by analyzing nucleotide sequence variations of the codi ... | 2011 | 21039562 |
| unexpected presence of graminan- and levan-type fructans in the evergreen frost-hardy eudicot pachysandra terminalis (buxaceae): purification, cloning, and functional analysis of a 6-sst/6-sft enzyme. | about 15% of flowering plants accumulate fructans. inulin-type fructans with β(2,1) fructosyl linkages typically accumulate in the core eudicot families (e.g. asteraceae), while levan-type fructans with β(2,6) linkages and branched, graminan-type fructans with mixed linkages predominate in monocot families. here, we describe the unexpected finding that graminan- and levan-type fructans, as typically occurring in wheat (triticum aestivum) and barley (hordeum vulgare), also accumulate in pachysand ... | 2011 | 21037113 |
| pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw (triticum aestivum l.)--the impact of lignin relocation and plant tissues on enzymatic accessibility. | wheat straw is a potential feedstock for bioethanol production. this paper investigates tissues from whole internode sections subjected to hydrothermal pretreatment at 185°c and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis up to 144 h. analyses revealed an increase in surface lignin as hydrolysis progressed, which could be coupled to the gradual decrease in hydrolysis rate over time. the data support the hypothesis of lignin extraction from the cell wall matrix during pretreatment and deposition as droplets ... | 2011 | 21036603 |
| characterization of a common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) tasnrk2.7 gene involved in abiotic stress responses. | sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase 2 (snrk2) plays a key role in the plant stress signalling transduction pathway via phosphorylation. here, a snrk2 member of common wheat, tasnrk2.7, was cloned and characterized. southern blot analysis suggested that the common wheat genome contains three copies of tasnrk2.7. subcellular localization showed the presence of tasnrk2.7 in the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. expression patterns revealed that tasnrk2.7 is expressed strongly in ro ... | 2011 | 21030389 |
| transfer of the barrier to radial oxygen loss in roots of hordeum marinum to wheat (triticum aestivum): evaluation of four h. marinum-wheat amphiploids. | • wide hybridization of waterlogging-tolerant hordeum marinum with wheat (triticum aestivum) to produce an amphiploid might be one approach to improve waterlogging tolerance in wheat. • growth, root aerenchyma and porosity, and radial oxygen loss (rol) along roots were measured in four h. marinum-wheat amphiploids and their parents (four accessions of h. marinum and chinese spring wheat) in aerated or stagnant nutrient solution. a soil experiment was also conducted. • hordeum marinum maintained ... | 2011 | 21054414 |
| alternative splicing in the coding region of ppo-a1 directly influences the polyphenol oxidase activity in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | polyphenol oxidase (ppo) plays a crucial role in browning reactions in fresh and processed fruits and vegetables, as well as products made from cereal grains. common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) has a large genome, representing an interesting system to advance our understanding of plant ppo gene expression, regulation and function. in the present study, we characterized the expression of ppo-a1, a major ppo gene located on wheat chromosome 2a, using dna sequencing, semi-quantitative rt-pcr, ppo ... | 2011 | 21046181 |
| cytological dissection of the triticeae chromosomes by the gametocidal system. | triticeae species have a large and complex genome, which has made it difficult to obtain their sequence data. some alien chromosomes called the gametocidal (gc) chromosomes introduced into common wheat can induce chromosomal breakage resulting in the generation of deletions and translocations. the induced deletions have been established as deletion stocks in common wheat. this gc system is also effective in inducing chromosomal breakages in triticeae chromosomes added to common wheat. the induce ... | 2011 | 21181535 |
| mutational analysis of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase shows the role of six amino acids in the catalytic mechanism. | nucleotide pyrophosphatases/phosphodiesterases (npps, pf01663) release nucleoside 5'-monophosphates from a wide range of nucleotide substrates. only very recently, the first plant members of the npp family were characterised (joye et al. j cereal sci 51: 326-336, 2010), and little is known about their substrate-specifying residues. we elucidated the role of six amino acid residues of the recently identified and characterised triticum aestivum l. npp (joye et al. j cereal sci 51: 326-336, 2010). ... | 2011 | 21190107 |
| qtl mapping for quantities of protein fractions in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | one of the key targets of breeding programs in bread wheat is to improve the end-use quality. the relationships between quantities of protein fractions and dough rheological characters have been well established, but there is little information on the genetic control of quantities of protein fractions. two hundred and forty f(6) recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between two chinese wheat cultivars, ph82-2 and neixiang 188, were sown at jiaozuo in henan province in the 2005-2006 and 2 ... | 2011 | 21161501 |
| variation in crossover rates across a 3-mb contig of bread wheat (triticum aestivum) reveals the presence of a meiotic recombination hotspot. | in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.), initial studies using deletion lines indicated that crossover (co) events occur mainly in the telomeric regions of the chromosomes with a possible correlation with the presence of genes. however, little is known about the distribution of cos at the sequence level. to investigate this, we studied in detail the pattern of cos along a contig of 3.110 mb using two f2 segregating populations (chinese spring × renan (f2-csre) and chinese spring × courtot (f2-csct ... | 2011 | 21161258 |
| association mapping for quality traits in soft winter wheat. | improvement of end-use quality in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) depends on a thorough understanding of the genetic basis of important quality traits. the main goal of our study was to investigate the genetic basis of 1,000-kernel weight, protein content, sedimentation volume, test weight, and starch concentration using an association mapping approach. we fingerprinted 207 diverse european elite soft winter wheat lines with 115 ssr markers and evaluated the genotypes in multi-environment tri ... | 2011 | 21153626 |
| dissection of qtl effects for root traits using a chromosome arm-specific mapping population in bread wheat. | a high-resolution chromosome arm-specific mapping population was used in an attempt to locate/detect gene(s)/qtl for different root traits on the short arm of rye chromosome 1 (1rs) in bread wheat. this population consisted of induced homoeologous recombinants of 1rs with 1bs, each originating from a different crossover event and distinct from all other recombinants in the proportions of rye and wheat chromatin present. it provides a simple and powerful approach to detect even small qtl effects ... | 2011 | 21153397 |
| analysis of elevated temperature-induced inhibition of photosystem ii using chlorophyll a fluorescence induction kinetics in wheat leaves (triticum aestivum). | wheat is the major crop plant in many parts of the world. elevated temperature-induced changes in photosynthetic efficiency were studied in wheat (t. aestivum) leaves by measuring chl a fluorescence induction kinetics. detached leaves were subjected to elevated temperature stress of 35 °c, 40 °c or 45 °c. parameters such as fv/fm, performance index (pi), and reaction centre to absorbance ratio (rc/abs) were deduced using radial plots from fluorescence induction curves obtained with a plant effic ... | 2011 | 21143718 |
| minimisation of instrumental noise in the acquisition of ft-nir spectra of bread wheat using experimental design and signal processing techniques. | spectral resolution (r) and number of repeated scans (s) have a significant effect on the s/n ratio of fourier transform-near infrared (ft-nir) spectra, but the optimal values of these two parameters have to be determined empirically for a specific problem, considering separately both the nature of the analysed matrix and the specific instrumental setup. to achieve this aim, the instrumental noise of replicated ft-nir spectra of wheat samples was modelled as a function of r and s by means of the ... | 2011 | 21127845 |
| a screening method to identify genetic variation in root growth response to a salinity gradient. | salinity as well as drought are increasing problems in agriculture. durum wheat (triticum turgidum l. ssp. durum desf.) is relatively salt sensitive compared with bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.), and yields poorly on saline soil. field studies indicate that roots of durum wheat do not proliferate as extensively as bread wheat in saline soil. in order to look for genetic diversity in root growth within durum wheat, a screening method was developed to identify genetic variation in rates of root ... | 2011 | 21118825 |
| pretreatment with h(2) o(2) alleviates aluminum-induced oxidative stress in wheat seedlings. | hydrogen peroxide (h(2) o(2) ) is a key reactive oxygen species (ros) in signal transduction pathways leading to activation of plant defenses against biotic and abiotic stresses. in this study, we investigated the effects of h(2) o(2) pretreatment on aluminum (al) induced antioxidant responses in root tips of two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes, yangmai-5 (al-sensitive) and jian-864 (al-tolerant). al increased accumulation of h(2) o(2) and o(2) (•-) leading to more predominant lipid perox ... | 2011 | 21205173 |
| quantitative proteomic analysis of wheat cultivars with differing drought stress tolerance. | using a series of multiplexed experiments we studied the quantitative changes in protein abundance of three australian bread wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum l.) in response to a drought stress. three cultivars differing in their ability to maintain grain yield during drought, kukri (intolerant), excalibur (tolerant), and rac875 (tolerant), were grown in the glasshouse with cyclic drought treatment that mimicked conditions in the field. proteins were isolated from leaves of mature plants and i ... | 2011 | 22639595 |
| contrasting cdna-aflp profiles between crown and leaf tissues of cold-acclimated wheat plants indicate differing regulatory circuitries for low temperature tolerance. | low-temperature (lt) tolerance in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is an economically important but complex trait. four selected wheat genotypes, a winter hardy cultivar, norstar, a tender spring cultivar, manitou and two near-isogenic lines with vrn-a1 (spring norstar) and vrn-a1 (winter manitou) alleles of manitou and norstar were cold-acclimated at 6°c and crown and leaf tissues were collected at 0, 2, 14, 21, 35, 42, 56 and 70 days of cold acclimation. cdna-aflp profiling was used to dete ... | 2011 | 21267634 |
| quantitative trait loci analysis for resistance to cephalosporium stripe, a vascular wilt disease of wheat. | cephalosporium stripe, caused by cephalosporium gramineum, can cause severe loss of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) yield and grain quality and can be an important factor limiting adoption of conservation tillage practices. selecting for resistance to cephalosporium stripe is problematic; however, as optimum conditions for disease do not occur annually under natural conditions, inoculum levels can be spatially heterogeneous, and little is known about the inheritance of resistance. a population of 2 ... | 2011 | 21258997 |
| proteome analysis of wheat leaf under salt stress by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2d-dige). | salt stress is a major abiotic stress that limits agricultural productivity in many regions of the world. to understand the molecular basis of the salt stress response in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), a proteomic approach was used to identify the salt stress-responsive proteins in an elite chinese wheat cultivar, zhengmai 9023, which exhibits a high yield, superior gluten quality and better biotic resistance. three-week-old seedlings were treated with nacl of four different concentrations (1.0%, ... | 2011 | 21257186 |
| [analysis of common wheat varieties and near-isogenic lines by pcr with allele-specific primers for gli-1 and glu-3 loci]. | the allelic characteristics of the gli-a1, gli-b1, gli-d1 and glu-a3 loci of 14 bread wheat varieties and 6 near-isogenic lines derived from bezostaya 1 have been detected by pcr analysis. the conformity of molecular-genetic data and electrophoresis of storage proteins has been determined: the allelic variants of gliadins gli-a1o and gi-a1m correspond to the pcr-allele glia1.2, the gliadin variants gli-a1f, gli-a1b, gli-a1c correspond to the pcr-allele glia 1.1, the allelic variants gli-b1b, gli ... | 2011 | 21254616 |
| aphid-parasitoid community structure on genetically modified wheat. | since the introduction of genetically modified (gm) plants, one of the main concerns has been their potential effect on non-target insects. many studies have looked at gm plant effects on single non-target herbivore species or on simple herbivore-natural enemy food chains. agro-ecosystems, however, are characterized by numerous insect species which are involved in complex interactions, forming food webs. in this study, we looked at transgenic disease-resistant wheat (triticum aestivum) and its e ... | 2011 | 21247941 |
| embryo and endosperm development in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) kernels subjected to drought stress. | the aim of the present work was to reveal the histological alterations triggered in developing wheat kernels by soil drought stress during early seed development resulting in yield losses at harvest. for this purpose, observations were made on the effect of drought stress, applied in a controlled environment from the 5th to the 9th day after pollination, on the kernel morphology, starch content and grain yield of the drought-sensitive cappelle desprez and drought-tolerant plainsman v winter whea ... | 2011 | 21246199 |
| molecular evolution of two duplicated cdpk genes cpk7 and cpk12 in grass species: a case study in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | gene duplication contributes to the expansion of gene families and subsequent functional diversification. calcium-dependent protein kinases (cdpks) are members of an important calcium sensor family involved in abiotic and biotic stress signaling in plants. we report here the molecular evolution and expression analysis of a pair of duplicated cdpk genes cpk7 and cpk12 that arose in the common ancestor of grass species. with higher nonsynonymous/synonymous ratios (dn/ds, or ω), cpk12 genes appear ... | 2011 | 21241786 |
| no neocentric activity on aegilops markgrafii chromosome e. | classical neocentromeres, proven mainly in poaceae species, cause meiotic drive in higher plants. here i present data indicating that the morphological stretching of a chromatin domain at the long arm of aegilops markgrafii chromosome e during meiosis is not due to a supposed neocentric activity. the stretching is visible at the alien univalent in metaphase i and anaphase i pollen mother cells of triticum aestivum--ae. markgrafii monosomic addition line e and at one univalent of the 49-chromosom ... | 2011 | 20720397 |
| early and late plastid development in response to chill stress and heat stress in wheat seedlings. | five-day-old etiolated wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings were transferred to 7°c (chill stress), 25°c (control), and 42°c (heat stress) and were kept in the dark or light for different time periods. plastids were isolated from the control and stressed seedlings, and their low-temperature (77 k) fluorescence emission spectra were monitored. most of the protochlorophyllide (pchlide) present in heat-stressed etiolated seedlings were in nonphototransformable form. the phototransformable pchlide ... | 2011 | 21063735 |
| protective response of 28-homobrassinolide in cultivars of triticum aestivum with different levels of nickel. | seeds of five wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars (pbw-373, up-2338, dl-lok-01, dl-373, and hd-2338) were sown in earthen pots and 10-day-old seedlings were exposed to 0, 50, and 100 μm of nickel (ni) in the form of nickel chloride. at the 20-day stage, seedlings were sprayed with 0.01 μm of 28-homobrassinolide (hbl). the results of the experiment at the 30-day stage revealed a decline in the dry mass per plant, leaf area, leaf water potential, and net photosynthetic rate with concomitant declin ... | 2011 | 20464550 |
| interactive effect of calcium and gibberellin on nickel tolerance in relation to antioxidant systems in triticum aestivum l. | nickel toxicity affects many metabolic facets of plants and induces anatomical and morphological changes resulting in reduced growth and productivity. to overcome the damaging effects of nickel (ni) stress, different strategies of the application of nutrients with plant hormones are being adopted. the present experiment was carried out to assess the growth and physiological response of wheat plant (triticum aestivum l.) cv. samma to pre-sowing seed treatment with ga(3) alone as well as in combin ... | 2011 | 20730631 |
| activation of the plant mitochondrial potassium channel by free fatty acids and acyl-coa esters: a possible defence mechanism in the response to hyperosmotic stress. | the effect of free fatty acids (ffas) and acyl-coa esters on k(+) uptake was studied in mitochondria isolated from durum wheat (triticum durum desf.), a species that has adapted well to the semi-arid mediterranean area and possessing a highly active mitochondrial atp-sensitive k(+) channel (pmitok(atp)), that may confer resistance to environmental stresses. this was made by swelling experiments in kcl solution under experimental conditions in which pmitok(atp) activity was monitored. linoleate a ... | 2011 | 20801915 |
| genotypic variation in drought stress response and subsequent recovery of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | three wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes, sadovo, katya and prelom, with different tolerance to drought were comparatively evaluated in terms of leaf respiratory responses to progressing dehydration and consecutive rewatering. under drought stress, the respiration of all varieties gradually decreased, as the drought-tolerant katya showed the most pronounced decline at earlier stages of dehydration. when water stress intensified, this genotype gave relatively stable respiration rates compared ... | 2011 | 20502935 |
| inbreeding depression and low between-population heterosis in recently diverged experimental populations of a selfing species. | in fragmented populations, genetic drift and selection reduce genetic diversity, which in turn results in a loss of fitness or in a loss of evolvability. genetic rescue, that is, controlled input of diversity from distant populations, may restore evolutionary potential, whereas outbreeding depression might counteract the positive effect of this strategy. we carried out self-pollination and crosses within and between populations in an experimental subdivided population of a selfing species, triti ... | 2011 | 20531445 |
| the efficacy of ultramolecular aqueous dilutions on a wheat germination model as a function of heat and aging-time. | this study evaluates the effects of temperature and aging on the efficacy of as(2)o(3) at the 45th decimal potency in a wheat germination model, compared against a control and potentized h(2)o 45×. each treatment-temperature combination was tested on seeds (triticum aestivum l.) of pandas variety, using six petri dishes (33 seeds/dish) per trial, performing eight trials. seeds were pre-treated by poisoning with 0.1% as(2)o(3) solution to reduce germination, to allow a better evaluation of homeop ... | 2011 | 20028717 |
| use of self-organizing map to analyze images of fungi colonies grown from triticum aestivum seeds disinfected by ozone treatment. | we submitted to ozone treatment triticum aestivum (common wheat) seeds severely contaminated by fungi. fungi colonies developed when seeds were placed over malt agar medium in petri dishes; fusarium sp. and alternaria sp. were identified. however, conventional colonies counting did not allow a clear assessment of the effect of ozone disinfection. we thus used self-organizing maps (soms) to perform an image analysis of colonies surface area that clearly showed a significant disinfection effect on ... | 2012 | 23118753 |
| effects of dietary supplementation with two potassium formate sources on performance of 8- to 22-kg pigs. | dietary inclusion of salts of organic acids may modulate intestinal microbiota and enhance performance of pigs. published data on the effects of potassium formate (kf; ph 6.0-8.5) on pig performance are scarce compared with that of potassium diformate (kdf; ph 4.1-4.5). therefore, the objective was to evaluate the effects of kdf or kf supplementation on performance of 8- to 22-kg pigs. a 35-d growth trial was conducted with 144 pic pigs (initial bw of 7.9 ± 0.69 kg) with 6 pigs (3 gilts and 3 ba ... | 2012 | 23365375 |
| effects of dietary true digestible calcium to phosphorus ratio on growth performance and efficiency of calcium and phosphorus use in growing pigs fed corn and soybean meal-based diets. | objectives of this study were to determine effects of dietary true fecal digestible ca to true digestible p ratio on growth performance and efficiency of ca and p use in growing pigs fed corn (triticum aestivum)-soybean (glycine max) meal (sbm)-based diets. experiment 1 was carried out to measure true fecal digestibility of ca and p as well as the fecal endogenous outputs of these nutrients associated with a corn and sbm-based diet in 12 yorkshire growing pigs with an average initial bw of 23.2 ... | 2012 | 23365347 |
| high-moisture air-tight storage of barley and wheat improves nutrient digestibility. | barley (hordeum vulgare) and wheat (triticum aestivum) are often stored dry with 14% or less moisture, which during rainy periods may require that grains are dried after harvest. the hypothesis is that air-tight storage of high-moisture barley and wheat will increase nutrient digestibility due to chemical conversions prior to feeding. the objective was to evaluate the effect of high moisture compared to dry storage of barley and wheat on digestibility of p and cp. the crops were grown on 1 field ... | 2012 | 23365343 |
| effects of formic acid and phytase supplementation on digestibility and use of phosphorus and zinc in growing pigs. | two studies, arranged according to a 4 × 4 latin square design, were conducted to assess effects of dietary acidification on fungal 3-phytase (phy) efficacy in growing pigs. in exp. 1, effects of supplementing 500 units/kg feed of phy and 4.7 g/kg hcooh either alone or in combination on the use of p and zn in growing pigs fed a pelleted diet based on wheat (triticum aestivum), barley (hordeum vulgare), and soybean (glycine max) meal were investigated. in exp. 2 the same dietary treatments were f ... | 2012 | 23365333 |
| digestible energy values of feed ingredients with or without addition of enzymes complex in growing pigs. | the de values and digestible nutrients content of 6 diets were measured in 60-kg male growing pigs fed restricted amount of feed. diets were prepared from 5 ingredients [wheat (triticum aestivum), corn (zea mays), barley (hordeum vulgare), wheat bran, and soybean (glycine max) meal; inclusion levels of ingredients were not correlated] with or without carbohydrose enzyme (rovabio excel ap; 3300 endo-β-1,4-xylanase visco units and 300 endo-1,3(4)-β-glucanase units/kg of feed; 150 g/t of feed) acco ... | 2012 | 23365332 |
| comparison of standardized ileal amino acid digestibilities in protein supplements and cereal grains for weaned pigs. | standardized ileal digestibility (sid) of aa in protein ingredients and grains was determined in weaned piglets (5 kg initial bw) using the difference method. animals were fitted with a simple ileal t-cannula on day 24 or 25 of age. a synthetic diet based on corn (zea mays) starch and casein was either supplemented with an extruded soybean (glycine max) meal (esm), rice (oryza sativa) protein concentrate (rpc), full fat heat-treated soybeans (sb), corn, barley (hordeum vulgare), or wheat (tritic ... | 2012 | 23365298 |
| cyclical parthenogenetic reproduction in the russian wheat aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) in the united states: sexual reproduction and its outcome on biotypic diversity. | in 1986, the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae), became an invasive species of united states. nearly 20 yr later, new biotypes appeared that were capable of overcoming most sources of resistance and became a renewed threat to wheat, triticum aestivum l., production. cyclical (cp) and obligate (op) parthenogenesis enables aphids to both adapt to changing environments and exploit host resources. we documented these forms of reproduction for russian wheat aphid ... | 2012 | 22812148 |
| barley tolerance of russian wheat aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) biotype 2 herbivory involves expression of defense response and developmental genes. | the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov), is an invasive insect pest that causes serious yield losses in bread wheat, triticum aestivum l., durum wheat, t. turgidum l and barley, hordeum vulgare l. successful management of d. noxia has been achieved through resistant varieties via plant antixenosis (aphid non-preference), antibiosis (reduced aphid growth or fecundity), tolerance (plant compensatory growth after aphid feeding), or a combination of each. previous phenotyping experiment ... | 2012 | 22476464 |
| archaeobotanical study of ancient food and cereal remains at the astana cemeteries, xinjiang, china. | starch grain, phytolith and cereal bran fragments were analyzed in order to identify the food remains including cakes, dumplings, as well as porridge unearthed at the astana cemeteries in turpan of xinjiang, china. the results suggest that the cakes were made from triticum aestivum while the dumplings were made from triticum aestivum, along with setaria italica. the ingredients of the porridge remains emanated from panicum miliaceum. moreover, direct macrobotantical evidence of the utilization o ... | 2012 | 23028807 |
| allelopathic effect of ashwagandha against the germination and radicle growth of cicer arietinum and triticum aestivum. | ashwagandha (withania somnifera) is an important medicinal plant in indian traditional system of medicine and traditionally has been used for several medicinal purposes in the indian subcontinent. | 2012 | 22923955 |
| evaluation of plant resistance inducers on different winter soft wheat cultivars against septoria leaf blotch. | septoria tritici blotch (stb) caused by mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph: zymoseptoria tritici) is one of the most devastating foliar diseases on bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). because of the emergence of fungal strains highly resistant to mainly used fungicides and the deleterious impacts of these fungicides on the environment, development of alternative control strategies to protect wheat crops against stb is needed. the induction of plant resistance by elicitors is likely to be a hel ... | 2012 | 23878965 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci (qtl) for resistance to fusarium crown rot (fusarium pseudograminearum) in multiple assay environments in the pacific northwestern us. | fusarium crown rot (fcr), caused by fusarium pseudograminearum and f. culmorum, reduces wheat (triticum aestivum l.) yields in the pacific northwest (pnw) of the us by as much as 35%. resistance to fcr has not yet been discovered in currently grown pnw wheat cultivars. several significant quantitative trait loci (qtl) for fcr resistance have been documented on chromosomes 1a, 1d, 2b, 3b, and 4b in resistant australian cultivars. our objective was to identify qtl and tightly linked ssr markers fo ... | 2012 | 22366812 |
| identification of markers linked to the race ug99 effective stem rust resistance gene sr28 in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | wheat stem rust caused by puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici can cause devastating yield losses in wheat. over the past several decades, stem rust has been controlled worldwide through the use of genetic resistance. stem rust race ttksk (ug99), first detected in uganda in 1998, threatens global wheat production because of its unique virulence combination. as the majority of the currently grown cultivars and advanced breeding lines are susceptible to race ttksk, sources of resistance need to be ide ... | 2012 | 22584633 |
| rapid plant identification using species- and group-specific primers targeting chloroplast dna. | plant identification is challenging when no morphologically assignable parts are available. there is a lack of broadly applicable methods for identifying plants in this situation, for example when roots grow in mixture and for decayed or semi-digested plant material. these difficulties have also impeded the progress made in ecological disciplines such as soil- and trophic ecology. here, a pcr-based approach is presented which allows identifying a variety of plant taxa commonly occurring in centr ... | 2012 | 22253728 |
| the defense response in arabidopsis thaliana against fusarium sporotrichioides. | 2012 | 23110430 | |
| identification, characterization and mapping of differentially expressed genes in a winter wheat cultivar (centenaire) resistant to fusarium graminearum infection. | fusarium head blight (fhb), predominantly caused by fusarium graminearum, is a destructive disease that poses a serious threat to wheat (triticum aestivum l.) production around the world. a suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) cdna library was constructed from f. graminearum infected spikes of a resistant belgian winter wheat variety centenaire, exhibiting type ii resistance to fhb. forty-three differentially expressed transcripts were identified and classified in different categories acc ... | 2012 | 22718510 |
| overexpression of wheat lipid transfer protein gene taltp5 increases resistances to cochliobolus sativus and fusarium graminearum in transgenic wheat. | the fungus cochliobolus sativus is the main pathogen of common root rot, a serious soil-borne disease of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the fungus fusarium graminearum is the primary pathogen of fusarium head blight, a devastating disease of wheat worldwide. in this study, the wheat lipid transfer protein gene, taltp5, was cloned and evaluated for its ability to suppress disease development in transgenic wheat. taltp5 expression was induced after c. sativus infection. the taltp5 expression vector ... | 2012 | 22689341 |
| effect of salicylic acid on fusarium graminearum, the major causal agent of fusarium head blight in wheat. | salicylic acid (sa) is one of the key signal molecules in regulating plant resistance to diverse pathogens. in arabidopsis thaliana, it is predominantly associated with resistance against biotrophic and hemibiotrophic pathogens, and triggering systemic acquired resistance. in contrast, the effect of sa on the defence efficiency of wheat against fusarium head blight (fhb) and its causal agent, fusarium graminearum, is still poorly understood. here we show that the f. graminearum mycelial growth a ... | 2012 | 22385623 |
| qtl mapping of adult-plant resistances to stripe rust and leaf rust in chinese wheat cultivar bainong 64. | stripe rust and leaf rust, caused by puccinia striiformis westend. f. sp. tritici erikss. and p. triticina, respectively, are devastating fungal diseases of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). chinese wheat cultivar bainong 64 has maintained acceptable adult-plant resistance (apr) to stripe rust, leaf rust and powdery mildew for more than 10 years. the aim of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci/locus (qtl) for resistance to the two rusts in a population of 179 doubled haploid (dh ... | 2012 | 22806327 |
| qtl mapping of adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in a population derived from common wheat cultivars naxos and shanghai 3/catbird. | stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis westend. f. sp. tritici erikss., is a severe foliar disease of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. use of adult-plant resistance (apr) is an efficient approach to provide long-term protection of crops from the disease. the german spring wheat cultivar naxos showed a high level of apr to stripe rust in the field. to identify the apr genes in this cultivar, a mapping population of 166 recombinant inbred lines (rils) was developed from a cross ... | 2012 | 22798057 |
| spatial scaling relationships for spread of disease caused by a wind-dispersed plant pathogen. | spatial scale is of great importance to understanding the spread of organisms exhibiting long-distance dispersal (ldd). we tested whether epidemics spread in direct proportion to the size of the host population and size of the initial disease focus. this was done through analysis of a previous study of the effects of landscape heterogeneity variables on the spread of accelerating epidemics of wheat (triticum aestivum) stripe rust, caused by the fungus puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. end-of- ... | 2012 | 24077925 |
| tamca4, a novel wheat metacaspase gene functions in programmed cell death induced by the fungal pathogen puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. | programmed cell death (pcd) is a physiological process to remove redundant or harmful cells, for the development of multicellular organisms, or for restricting the spread of pathogens (hypersensitive response). metacaspases are cysteine-dependent proteases which play an essential role in pcd. triticum aestivum metacaspase 4 (tamca4) is a type ii metacaspase gene cloned from 'suwon11' wheat, with typical structural features such as peptidase c14 caspase domain and a long linker sequence between t ... | 2012 | 22352715 |
| identification and validation of a major quantitative trait locus for slow-rusting resistance to stripe rust in wheat. | stripe (yellow) rust, caused by puccinia striiformis westend. f. sp. tritici eriks (pst), is one of the most important wheat (triticum aestivum l.) diseases and causes significant yield losses. a recombinant inbred (ri) population derived from a cross between yanzhan 1 and xichang 76-9 cultivars was evaluated for resistance to wheat stripe rust strain cyr32 at both the seedling and adult plant stages. four resistance quantitative trait loci (qtls) were detected in this population, in which the m ... | 2012 | 22349012 |
| molecular mapping of a powdery mildew resistance gene in common wheat landrace baihulu and its allelism with pm24. | powdery mildew is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat in areas with cool and maritime climates. chinese wheat landrace baihulu confers a high level of resistance against a wide range of blumeria graminis dc f. sp. tritici (bgt) races, especially those currently prevailing in shaanxi. the objectives of this study were to determine the chromosome bin location of the mlbhl gene from baihulu and its allelism with pm24. to investigate the inheritance of powdery mildew resistance and detect ... | 2012 | 22772588 |