Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| the internal gene duplication and interrupted coding sequences in the mmpl genes of mycobacterium tuberculosis: towards understanding the multidrug transport in an evolutionary perspective. | the multidrug resistance has emerged as a major problem in the treatment of many of the infectious diseases. tuberculosis (tb) is one of such disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. there is short term chemotherapy to treat the infection, but the main hurdle is the development of the resistance to antibiotics. this resistance is primarily due to the impermeable mycolic acid rich cell wall of the bacteria and other factors such as efflux of antibiotics from the bacterial cell. the mmpl (myc ... | 2015 | 25841626 |
| genetic diversity of the mycobacterium tuberculosis beijing family in brazil and mozambique and relation with infectivity and induction of necrosis in thp-1 cells. | the success of the mycobacterium tuberculosis beijing (mtbb) lineage in different geographical regions has been attributed to high transmission, increased virulence, drug resistance and rapid adaptation to the host. in some countries of secondary mtbb dispersion like south africa and peru, rising prevalence of the beijing strains is registered. however, in neighboring countries to affected regions such as mozambique and brazil, respectively, the prevalence of these strains is still low and this ... | 2015 | 25841343 |
| human and tuberculosis co-evolution: an integrative view. | tuberculosis (tb) ranks as the second cause of death from an infectious disease worldwide after hiv. archaeogenetics and evolutionary scenario for the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) are in favor of a long-term interaction between tuberculosis and humans, predating the neolithic period, contrary to the traditional belief. if tuberculosis evolved as a human pathogen in africa and has spread outside africa about more than ten-thousand years ago, its life history traits have been shaped b ... | 2015 | 25841342 |
| a multiplex pcr method for detection of aspergillus spp. and mycobacterium tuberculosis in bal specimens. | the aim of this study was the detection of aspergillus species and mycobacterium tuberculosis together in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) using of multiplex pcr. | 2015 | 25840850 |
| unusual spinal tuberculosis in an avar age skeleton (csongrád-felgyő, ürmös-tanya, hungary): a morphological and biomolecular study. | the paleopathological analysis of a well-preserved young adult female skeleton from the ad 7-8th century (avar age) in hungary revealed multiple lytic lesions in all of the thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies. the lesions were characterized by smooth marginal zones and space-occupying mass appearance. the considerable loss of spongy bone in the thoracolumbar vertebrae resulted in angular deformity and fusion, characteristic of the healing stage of tb. osteolytic lesions were also observed on th ... | 2015 | 25840822 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis effectors interfering host apoptosis signaling. | tuberculosis remains a serious human public health concern. the coevolution between its pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis and human host complicated the way to prevent and cure tb. apoptosis plays subtle role in this interaction. the pathogen endeavors to manipulate the apoptosis via diverse effectors targeting key signaling nodes. in this paper, we summarized the effectors pathogen used to subvert the apoptosis, such as lpqh, esat-6/cfp-10, lams. the interplay between different forms of cell ... | 2015 | 25840680 |
| a prospective study of tuberculosis drug susceptibility in sabah, malaysia, and an algorithm for management of isoniazid resistance. | introduction. the burden of tuberculosis is high in eastern malaysia, and rates of mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance are poorly defined. our objectives were to determine m. tuberculosis susceptibility and document management after receipt of susceptibility results. methods. prospective study of adult outpatients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb) in sabah, malaysia. additionally, hospital clinicians accessed the reference laboratory for clinical purposes during the study. ... | 2015 | 25838829 |
| epidemiology and clinical management of tuberculosis in children in canada. | although often regarded as a foreign disease, latent tuberculosis or tuberculosis disease will be encountered in many clinical situations by the canadian child health practitioner. there are key differences between tuberculosis in children and adults. in the present article, the changing epidemiology of tuberculosis in children in canada and around the world, the pathogenesis of infection, diagnostic tests, and clinical management of childhood latent tuberculosis and tuberculosis disease are rev ... | 2015 | 25838781 |
| unique cytokine and chemokine patterns in bronchoalveolar lavage are associated with specific causative pathogen among hiv infected patients with pneumonia, in medellin, colombia. | we wanted to investigate the pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine profile associated with the etiological agents identified in hiv patients. immunosuppressed patients admitted to two hospitals in medellin, colombia, with clinical and radiographic diagnosis of pneumonia were enrolled in the study. after consent, bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) was collected for bacterial, mycobacterial and fungal diagnosis. all patients were followed for a year. a stored bal sample was used for cytokine/chemokine det ... | 2015 | 25837522 |
| the impact of anti-tuberculous antibiotics and corticosteroids on cytokine production in quantiferon-tb gold in tube assays. | the ability to monitor and confirm adequate treatment of latent tb infection (ltbi) would be a major advance. the potential immunomodulatory effects of anti-tuberculous drugs and steroids need to be considered in assessing the utility of cytokine-based assays for this purpose. | 2015 | 25837441 |
| mucosal-associated invariant t cells are numerically and functionally deficient in patients with mycobacterial infection and reflect disease activity. | mucosal-associated invariant t (mait) cells contribute to protection against certain microorganism infections. the aims of this study were to examine the levels of mait cells in pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) and nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) lung disease patients, to evaluate the clinical relevance of mait cell levels, and to investigate the functions of mait cells. patients with pulmonary tb (n = 35), ntm (n = 29), and healthy controls (n = 75) were enrolled in the study. mait cell levels and ... | 2015 | 25837440 |
| the advent of genome-wide association studies for bacteria. | significant advances in sequencing technologies and genome-wide association studies (gwas) have revealed substantial insight into the genetic architecture of human phenotypes. in recent years, the application of this approach in bacteria has begun to reveal the genetic basis of bacterial host preference, antibiotic resistance, and virulence. here, we consider relevant differences between bacterial and human genome dynamics, apply gwas to a global sample of mycobacterium tuberculosis genomes to h ... | 2015 | 25835153 |
| chopin: a web resource for the structural and functional proteome of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | tuberculosis kills more than a million people annually and presents increasingly high levels of resistance against current first line drugs. structural information about mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) proteins is a valuable asset for the development of novel drugs and for understanding the biology of the bacterium; however, only about 10% of the ∼4000 proteins have had their structures determined experimentally. the chopin database assigns structural domains and generates homology models for 2 ... | 2015 | 25833954 |
| potential for serodiagnosis of tuberculosis in black rhinoceros (diceros bicornis). | a case of fatal mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was diagnosed postmortem in a captive 33-yr-old male black rhinoceros (diceros bicornis) after a nonspecific illness in april 2013. retrospective testing of sera from this individual revealed that it had been seroreactive by elephanttb stat-pak, dual-path platform vettb, and multi-antigen print immunoassay for over 12 yr prior to death. although samples collected at the time of intradermal tuberculin test performed in october 2000 were nonreac ... | 2015 | 25831581 |
| diagnosis and management of tuberculosis (mycobacterium tuberculosis) in an asian elephant (elephas maximus) with a newborn calf. | in 2006, five asian elephants (elephas maximus) were imported to taronga zoo, australia, from thailand. pre-import and initial postarrival tuberculosis screening was performed by trunk wash (tw) culture and was negative for mycobacterium tuberculosis. in april 2009, the elephanttb stat-pak (sp) assay was used to test the elephants. a 15.5-yr-old pregnant cow was reactive. tw frequency for this cow was increased from annually to quarterly. tw cultures remained negative on all other elephants. in ... | 2015 | 25831579 |
| two potential fish glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatases. | winter-acclimated rainbow smelt (osmerus mordax mitchill) produce high levels of glycerol as an antifreeze. a common pathway to glycerol involves the enzyme glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase (gpp), but no gpp has yet been identified in fish or any other animal. here, two phosphatases assembled from existing est libraries (from winter-acclimated smelt and cold-acclimated smelt hepatocytes) were found to resemble a glycerol-associated phosphatase from a glycerol-producing alga, dunaliella salina, a ... | 2015 | 25832176 |
| an adenosine triphosphate-independent proteasome activator contributes to the virulence of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | mycobacterium tuberculosis encodes a proteasome that is highly similar to eukaryotic proteasomes and is required to cause lethal infections in animals. the only pathway known to target proteins for proteasomal degradation in bacteria is pupylation, which is functionally analogous to eukaryotic ubiquitylation. however, evidence suggests that the m. tuberculosis proteasome contributes to pupylation-independent pathways as well. to identify new proteasome cofactors that might contribute to such pat ... | 2015 | 25831519 |
| clinical and epidemiological profiles of individuals with drug-resistant tuberculosis. | drug-resistant tuberculosis (tb) is a growing global threat. approximately 450,000 people developed multidrug-resistant tb worldwide in 2012 and an estimated 170,000 people died from the disease. this paper describes the sociodemographic, clinical-epidemiological and bacteriological aspects of tb and correlates these features with the distribution of anti-tb drug resistance. mycobacterium tuberculosis (mt) cultures and drug susceptibility testing were performed according to the bactec mgit 960 m ... | 2015 | 25830541 |
| madr1, a mycobacterium tuberculosis cell cycle stress response protein that is a member of a widely conserved protein class of prokaryotic, eukaryotic and archeal origin. | stress-induced molecular programs designed to stall division progression are nearly ubiquitous in bacteria, with one well-known example being the participation of the sula septum inhibiting protein in the sos dna damage repair response. mycobacteria similarly demonstrate stress-altered growth kinetics, however no such regulators have been found in these organisms. we therefore set out to identify sula-like regulatory proteins in mycobacterium tuberculosis. a bioinformatics modeling-based approac ... | 2015 | 25829286 |
| editorial commentary: genotyping of mycobacterium tuberculosis in china and missing links in the chain of ongoing transmission of tuberculosis. | 2015 | 25829002 | |
| transmission of mycobacterium tuberculosis in china: a population-based molecular epidemiologic study. | understanding the transmission of mycobacterium tuberculosis is essential for the development of efficient tuberculosis control strategies. china has the second-largest tuberculosis burden in the world. recent transmission and infection with m. tuberculosis, particularly drug-resistant strains, may account for many new tuberculosis cases. | 2015 | 25829000 |
| performance of a novel algorithm using automated digital microscopy for diagnosing tuberculosis. | tbdx automated microscopy is a novel technology that processes digital microscopic images to identify acid-fast bacilli (afb). use of tbdx as part of a diagnostic algorithm could improve the diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb), but its performance characteristics have not yet been formally tested. | 2015 | 25826383 |
| nucleoside analogs and tuberculosis: new weapons against an old enemy. | purine and pyrimidine nucleoside and nucleotide analogs have been extensively studied as anticancer and antiviral agents. in addition to this, they have recently shown great potential against mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tb. tb ranks as the tenth most common cause of death in the world. the current treatment for tb infection is limited by side effects and cost of the drugs and most importantly by the development of resistance to the therapy. therefore the development of nov ... | 2015 | 25826361 |
| meropenem-clavulanic acid has high in vitro activity against multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis. | we investigated the activity of meropenem-clavulanic acid (mem-cla) against 68 mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. we included predominantly multi- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr/xdr-tb) isolates, since the activity of mem-cla for resistant isolates has previously not been studied extensively. using middlebrook 7h10 medium, all but four isolates showed an mic distribution of 0.125 to 2 mg/liter for mem-cla, below the non-species-related breakpoint for mem of 2 mg/liter defined ... | 2015 | 25824227 |
| [tuberculous meningitis presented by altered mental state and hydrocephalus]. | tuberculous meningitis (tbm) denotes infection of the meninges with mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. in denmark, tbm is rare, but requires correct handling and rapid treatment. we describe a case of tbm in a previously healthy 19-year-old man from somalia, whose primary symptoms were fever, headache and altered mental state. | 2015 | 25822950 |
| protection against mycobacterium tuberculosis infection offered by a new multistage subunit vaccine correlates with increased number of ifn-γ+ il-2+ cd4+ and ifn-γ+ cd8+ t cells. | protein subunit vaccines present a compelling new area of research for control of tuberculosis (tb). based on the interaction between mycobacterium tuberculosis and its host, five stage-specific antigens of m. tuberculosis that participate in tb pathogenesis--rv1813, rv2660c, ag85b, rv2623, and hspx--were selected. these antigens were verified to be recognized by t cells from a total of 42 whole blood samples obtained from active tb patients, patients with latent tb infections (ltbis), and healt ... | 2015 | 25822536 |
| biomarkers on patient t cells diagnose active tuberculosis and monitor treatment response. | the identification and treatment of individuals with tuberculosis (tb) is a global public health priority. accurate diagnosis of pulmonary active tb (atb) disease remains challenging and relies on extensive medical evaluation and detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) in the patient's sputum. further, the response to treatment is monitored by sputum culture conversion, which takes several weeks for results. here, we sought to identify blood-based host biomarkers associated with atb and hy ... | 2015 | 25822019 |
| the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection and smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in people with household close contact with tuberculosis in north of iran. | one of the recommended strategies for preventing tuberculosis is to screen high-risk populations with respect to mycobacterium tuberculosis (tb) infection. the aim of the present study was to investigate latent infection and active tuberculosis in people with close household contact. it was a cross-sectional descriptive, analytical study with the sample size of 668 people from homes with one infected resident. in order to diagnose tuberculosis latent infection, the ppd test was done. to determin ... | 2015 | 25821296 |
| recent progress on pyrazole scaffold-based antimycobacterial agents. | new and reemerging infectious diseases will continue to pose serious global health threats well into the 21st century and according to the world health organization report, these are still the leading cause of death among humans worldwide. among infectious diseases, tuberculosis claims approximately 2 million deaths per year worldwide. also, agents that reduce the duration and complexity of the current therapy would have a major impact on the overall cure rate. due to the development of resistan ... | 2015 | 25820461 |
| human il-32 expression protects mice against a hypervirulent strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | silencing of interleukin-32 (il-32) in a differentiated human promonocytic cell line impairs killing of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) but the role of il-32 in vivo against mtb remains unknown. to study the effects of il-32 in vivo, a transgenic mouse was generated in which the human il-32γ gene is expressed using the surfactant protein c promoter (spc-il-32γtg). wild-type and spc-il-32γtg mice were infected with a low-dose aerosol of a hypervirulent strain of mtb (w-beijing hn878). at 30 and ... | 2015 | 25820174 |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of nonionic substrate mimics of udp-galp as candidate inhibitors of udp galactopyranose mutase (ugm). | the synthesis of 1-[5-o-(α-d-galactopyranosyl)-d-glucityl]pyrimidine-2,4(3h)-dione and 1-[(5-o-(β-d-galactopyranosyl)-d-glucityl]pyrimidine-2,4(3h)-dione as non-ionic substrate mimics of udp-galp are described. udp-galp is a precursor of galf, which is a primary component of the cell-wall glycans of several microorganisms. the interconversion of udp-galp and udp-galf is catalyzed by udp galactopyranose mutase (ugm); its inhibition comprises a mode of compromising the microorganisms. the nonionic ... | 2015 | 25819094 |
| [mycobacterium infection in prehistoric humans: co-evolution in remote ages]. | the introduction of agriculture and animal husbandry at the end of the mesolithic era, despite enabling a significant demographic growth through an increase in food storage and availability, caused new infectious noxae to enter the pathocoenosis. however in the palaeolithic era, hunter-gatherers were already in contact with infectious diseases of animal origin, albeit episodically. modern biomedical technologies allow us to estimate, with better approximation, how long mankind has been in contac ... | 2015 | 25819058 |
| mutations conferring resistance to first- and second-line drugs in multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in southeast mexico. | 2015 | 25819011 | |
| the mycobacterial cell wall--peptidoglycan and arabinogalactan. | the mycobacterial bacillus is encompassed by a remarkably elaborate cell wall structure. the mycolyl-arabinogalactan-peptidoglycan (magp) complex is essential for the viability of mycobacterium tuberculosis and maintains a robust basal structure supporting the upper "myco-membrane." m. tuberculosis peptidoglycan, although appearing to be unexceptional at first glance, contains a number of unique molecular subtleties that become particularly important as the tb-bacilli enters into nonreplicative ... | 2015 | 25818664 |
| anterior tuberculous scleritis: a diagnostic challenge. | we present the case of a 26 year-old pakistani male, who after the presumptive diagnosis of anterior tuberculous scleritis (by an atypical clinical appearance and positive epidemiological link), was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis. | 2015 | 25817957 |
| frequency and geographic distribution of gyra and gyrb mutations associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates: a systematic review. | the detection of mutations in the gyra and gyrb genes in the mycobacterium tuberculosis genome that have been demonstrated to confer phenotypic resistance to fluoroquinolones is the most promising technology for rapid diagnosis of fluoroquinolone resistance. | 2015 | 25816236 |
| lipidomic analysis links mycobactin synthase k to iron uptake and virulence in m. tuberculosis. | the prolonged survival of mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tb) in the host fundamentally depends on scavenging essential nutrients from host sources. m. tb scavenges non-heme iron using mycobactin and carboxymycobactin siderophores, synthesized by mycobactin synthases (mbt). although a general mechanism for mycobactin biosynthesis has been proposed, the biological functions of individual mbt genes remain largely untested. through targeted gene deletion and global lipidomic profiling of intact bact ... | 2015 | 25815898 |
| association study of polymorphisms in interferon-γ receptor genes with the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis. | tuberculosis (tb) is an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium, which most commonly affects the lungs. the adaptive immune response in mycobacterium tuberculosis is predominantly mediated by the interferon-γ (ifn-γ) signaling pathway, which is regulated by ifn-γ receptors (ifngr). ifn-γ activates the transcription of a number of genes that are important in immune responses, thus the appropriate function of ifngr appears to be important in host defense against mycobacteria. in the present stu ... | 2015 | 25815589 |
| bilateral choroidal tuberculoma in miliary tuberculosis - report of a case. | a choroidal mass or granuloma is a feature of ocular tuberculosis (tb). tubercles can arise in the early stages of progression of tb and indicate hematogenous dissemination before the development of symptomatic disease. tubercular subretinal granuloma is responsive to treatment with anti-tuberculosis therapy, and prompt treatment helps resolve the lesion completely. | 2015 | 25861395 |
| selective mycobacterium tuberculosis shikimate kinase inhibitors as potential antibacterials. | owing to the persistence of tuberculosis (tb) as well as the emergence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant (xdr) forms of the disease, the development of new antitubercular drugs is crucial. developing inhibitors of shikimate kinase (sk) in the shikimate pathway will provide a selective target for antitubercular agents. many studies have used in silico technology to identify compounds that are anticipated to interact with and inhibit sk. to a much more limited extent, sk inhibi ... | 2015 | 25861218 |
| biochemical analysis of the nad+-dependent malate dehydrogenase, a substrate of several serine/threonine protein kinases of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | pknd is one of the eleven eukaryotic-like serine/threonine protein kinases (stpks) of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). in vitro phosphorylation assays with the active recombinant pknd showed that the intracellular protein nad+-dependent malate dehydrogenase (mdh) is a substrate of this kinase. mdh, an energy-supplying enzyme, catalyzes the interconversion of malate and oxaloacetate and plays crucial roles in several metabolic pathways including the citric acid cycle. the phosphorylation site wa ... | 2015 | 25860441 |
| [pott's disease and immunological diagnosis of tuberculosis, about a pediatric clinical case]. | tuberculosis (tb) remains a major health problem in the world. the clinical forms of tb in children are variable, pulmonary involvement occurs in two thirds of cases. in the remaining third, clinical forms incluye node, meningeal and osteoarticular involvement. | 2015 | 25860054 |
| applying spatiotemporal models to study risk of smear-positive tuberculosis in iran, 2001-2012. | assessing tuberculosis (tb) distribution in regions over time is essential for health officials to have a proper understanding of current status, determine high-risk areas, and improve case management and resource allocation. | 2015 | 25860004 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypic drug resistance patterns and clustering in jayapura, papua, indonesia. | little is known about drug-resistant tuberculosis (tb) and its transmission in papua, which has one of the highest rates of tb in indonesia. | 2015 | 25859998 |
| phenotypic and genotypic diversity in a multinational sample of drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. | to develop and evaluate rapid, molecular-based drug susceptibility testing (dst) for extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (xdr-tb), we assembled a phenotypically and genotypically diverse collection of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients evaluated for drug resistance in four high-burden countries. | 2015 | 25859997 |
| diverging biological roles among human monocyte subsets in the context of tuberculosis infection. | circulating monocytes (mo) play an essential role in the host immune response to chronic infections. we previously demonstrated that cd16(pos) mo were expanded in tb (tuberculosis) patients, correlated with disease severity and were refractory to dendritic cell differentiation. in the present study, we investigated whether human mo subsets (cd16(neg) and cd16(pos)) differed in their ability to influence the early inflammatory response against mycobacterium tuberculosis. we first evaluated the ca ... | 2015 | 25858460 |
| tuberculosis in late neolithic-early copper age human skeletal remains from hungary. | alsónyék-bátaszék in southern hungary is one of the largest late neolithic settlements and cemeteries excavated in central europe. in total, 2359 burials from the late neolithic - early copper age lengyel culture were found between 2006 and 2009 [1]. anthropological investigations previously carried out on individuals from this site revealed an interesting paleopathological case of tuberculosis in the form of pott's disease dated to the early 5(th) millennium bc. in this study, selected specimen ... | 2015 | 25857937 |
| the early mediaeval manorial estate of gars/thunau, lower austria: an enclave of endemic tuberculosis? | in recent decades, an increasing number of studies have aimed to shed light on the origin and spread of tuberculosis in past human populations. here we present the results of a systematic palaeodemographic and palaeopathological survey of the early mediaeval population of gars/thunau (lower austria), which - at this stage - includes 373 individuals recovered at two archaeological sub-sites: a fortified settlement (including a necropolis) at the top of a hill - probably reserved for social and mi ... | 2015 | 25857936 |
| toll-like receptor 1 variations influence susceptibility and immune response to mycobacterium tuberculosis. | tuberculosis (tb), a disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection, is still a global public health problem. tb susceptibility varies greatly in infected individuals, and mycobacterial recognition by the innate immune system likely affects disease course and outcome. this research describes a single nucleotide polymorphism in the toll-like receptor (tlr) 1 gene that functionally alters the innate immune response to mtb and is associated with tb susceptibility in india. | 2015 | 25857934 |
| genetic polymorphisms in the toll-like receptor 10, interleukin (il)17a and il17f genes differently affect the risk for tuberculosis in croatian population. | proinflammatory conditions leading to activation of macrophages via interferon-γ bear an important role in host defence against intracellular bacteria such as mycobacterium tuberculosis (mt). interleukin-17 plays a similar role, as it appears to be also an activator of macrophages. recently, the tlr-10 was identified as an anti-inflammatory factor that exerts its action via association with the tlr-2 chain at the cell surface of macrophages, the latter being an mt-binding protein. we have previo ... | 2015 | 25857634 |
| isolation of mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum of tribal, non-tribal pulmonary tuberculosis patients of andaman & nicobar islands by conventional culture method and assessment of first line anti-tuberculosis drug susceptibility patterns. | drug resistance surveys have not yet conducted in these islands and as such no data exists on drug resistance currently. | 2015 | 25857562 |
| detection of drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis: methods, principles and applications. | the growing emergence of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb) strains is obstructing efforts for the control and management of tb. proper management of mdr-tb relies on early recognition of drug resistance followed by timely treatment initiation. several diagnostic methods, both phenotypic and molecular, have been developed in last few years for rapid identification of drug resistant (dr)-tb. revised national tuberculosis control programmes (rntps) may find it tough to choose from the puzzl ... | 2015 | 25857561 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis biofilm - a new perspective. | 2015 | 25857559 | |
| comparative proteomic analysis of sequential isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis from a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis turning from drug sensitive to multidrug resistant. | tuberculosis is a major health problem in india, and the emergence of multidrug resistant (mdr) and extensively drug resistant (xdr) strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) has further complicated the situation. though several studies characterizing drug sensitive and drug resistant strains are available in literature, almost all studies are done on unrelated strains. therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the proteomic data of four sequential isolates of mtb from a single pat ... | 2015 | 25857493 |
| proteomics of multidrug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates: a peep show on mechanism of drug resistance & perhaps more. | 2015 | 25857490 | |
| could inducible protein-10 and heparin-binding hemagglutinin improve the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected subjects in a country with low incidence of tuberculosis? | this study aimed to evaluate inducible protein-10 (ip-10) as a biomarker besides interferon-gamma (ifn-γ) to improve the identification of active tuberculosis (tb) and latent tubercular infection (ltbi) in a country with a low incidence of tb. | 2015 | 25856090 |
| development of ssdna aptamers as potent inhibitors of mycobacterium tuberculosis acetohydroxyacid synthase. | acetohydroxyacid synthase (ahas) from mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is a promising potential drug target for an emerging class of new anti-tuberculosis agents. in this study, we identify short (30-mer) single-stranded dna aptamers as a novel class of potent inhibitors of mtb-ahas through an in vitro dna-selex method. among all tested aptamers, two candidate aptamers (mtb-apt1 and mtb-apt6) demonstrated the greatest inhibitory potential against mtb-ahas activity with ic50 values in the low nan ... | 2015 | 25988243 |
| activity of lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs against dormant and replicating mycobacterium tuberculosis. | 2015 | 25944535 | |
| inhibition of autophagy by mir-30a induced by mycobacteria tuberculosis as a possible mechanism of immune escape in human macrophages. | the regulatory mechanism of mirna induction in response to mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection has not been clearly established. autophagy has recently been identified as an effective way to control intracellular survival of mtb. in the present study, we demonstrate a novel role of mir-30a in the negative regulation of the autophagy-mediated anti-mtb response. we found that overexpression of mir-30a suppresses the elimination of intracellular mtb through the inhibition of autophagy. furth ... | 2015 | 25866116 |
| spoligotype patterns of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from extra pulmonary tuberculosis patients in puducherry, india. | genotyping studies like spoligotyping are valuable tools in understanding the genetic diversity and epidemiology of mycobacterium tuberculosis. though there are reports of spoligotyping of m. tuberculosis isolates from pulmonary specimens from different parts of india, spoligotyping of extra pulmonary tuberculosis isolates are very few. puducherry has not yet recorded spoligopatterns of m. tuberculosis from either pulmonary or extra pulmonary (eptb) specimens. the aim of this study is to analyze ... | 2015 | 25865980 |
| mathematical model of mycobacterium-host interaction describes physiology of persistence. | despite extensive studies on the interactions between mycobacterium tuberculosis (m.tb) and macrophages, the mechanism by which pathogen evades anti-microbial responses and establishes persistence within the host cell remains unknown. in this study, we developed a four-dimensional ode model to describe the dynamics of host-pathogen interactions in the early phase of macrophage infection. the aim was to characterize the role of host cellular regulators such as iron and lipids, in addition to the ... | 2015 | 25865521 |
| substrates control multimerization and activation of the multi-domain atpase motor of type vii secretion. | mycobacterium tuberculosis and staphylococcus aureus secrete virulence factors via type vii protein secretion (t7s), a system that intriguingly requires all of its secretion substrates for activity. to gain insights into t7s function, we used structural approaches to guide studies of the putative translocase eccc, a unique enzyme with three atpase domains, and its secretion substrate esxb. the crystal structure of eccc revealed that the atpase domains are joined by linker/pocket interactions tha ... | 2015 | 25865481 |
| aeras-sponsored meeting reports: aerosol tb vaccines, whole mycobacteria cell tb vaccines, and prevention of sustained mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. | 2015 | 25863114 | |
| bacillary replication and macrophage necrosis are determinants of neutrophil recruitment in tuberculosis. | we previously determined that burst size necrosis is the chief mode of mononuclear cell death in the lungs of mice with tuberculosis. the present study explored the link between infection-induced necrosis of mononuclear phagocytes and neutrophil accumulation in the lungs of mice challenged with one of four mycobacterium tuberculosis strains of increasing virulence (rvδphopr mutant, h37ra, h37rv and erdman). at all time points studied, erdman produced the highest bacterial load and the highest pr ... | 2015 | 25862076 |
| [expression of mrna transcription factors rorc2 and foxp3 in lymphocytes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis]. | homeostasis of subpopulations th17- and treg-lymphocytes plays an important role in a holistic and coordinated process of eradication of pathogens and preventing the spread of infection in the body. study of molecular mechanisms controlling the balance of these cells in the formation of immune deviation in the pathogenesis of infection are particularly relevant. the article presents the results of a study of mrna expression of transcription factors th17- and treg-lymphocytes--rorc2 and foxp3, re ... | 2015 | 25872376 |
| haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. | haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (hlh) is a rare, potentially fatal condition that can be primary or secondary. secondary hlh can occur in association with infections, most commonly viral infections, but has also been reported in association with mycobacterium tuberculosis (tb). prompt identification of the underlying cause of hlh is important as it guides treatment decisions. early initiation of appropriate treatment (eg, anti-tb treatment) reduces morbidity and mortality. we present a case ... | 2015 | 25870214 |
| developing aerosol vaccines for mycobacterium tuberculosis: workshop proceedings: national institute of allergy and infectious diseases, bethesda, maryland, usa, april 9, 2014. | on april 9, 2014, aeras and the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases convened a workshop entitled "developing aerosol vaccines for mycobacterium tuberculosis" in bethesda, md. the purpose of the meeting was to explore the potential for developing aerosol vaccines capable of preventing infection with m. tuberculosis (mtb), preventing the development of active tuberculosis (tb) among those latently infected with mtb, or as immunotherapy for persons with active tb. the workshop was ... | 2015 | 25869894 |
| developing vaccines to prevent sustained infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis: conference proceedings: national institute of allergy and infectious diseases, rockville, maryland usa, november 7, 2014. | on november 7, 2014, aeras and the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases convened a conference entitled "vaccine prevention of sustained mycobacterium tuberculosis infection." the purpose of this meeting was to explore the biologic plausibility, potential public health and economic impact, and regulatory feasibility in attempting to develop a vaccine to prevent sustained infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). currently there are two main goals for tuberculosis (tb) vacc ... | 2015 | 25869889 |
| gene expression analysis of two extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis isolates show that two-component response systems enhance drug resistance. | global analysis of expression profiles using dna microarrays was performed between a reference strain h37rv and two clinical extensively drug-resistant isolates in response to three anti-tuberculosis drug exposures (isoniazid, capreomycin, and rifampicin). a deep analysis was then conducted using a combination of genome sequences of the resistant isolates, resistance information, and related public microarray data. certain known resistance-associated gene sets were significantly overrepresented ... | 2015 | 25869645 |
| increased il-9 mrna expression as a biomarker to diagnose childhood tuberculosis in a high burden settings. | 2015 | 25869536 | |
| isocitrate lyase of mycobacterium tuberculosis is inhibited by quercetin through binding at n-terminus. | combating tuberculosis requires new therapeutic strategies that not only target the actively dividing bacilli but also the dormant bacilli during persistent infection. isocitrate lyase (icl) is a key enzyme of the glyoxylate shunt, crucial for the survival of bacteria in macrophages and mice. mtbicl is considered as one of the potential and attractive drug targets against persistent infection. we report the inhibition of mtbicl by quercetin with ic50 of 3.57 μm. in addition, quercetin strongly i ... | 2015 | 25869309 |
| molecular detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum transported in primestore(®) from rural settings. | mopani district, south africa. | 2015 | 25868023 |
| introducing new tuberculosis diagnostics: the impact of xpert(®) mtb/rif testing on case notifications in nepal. | the xpert(®) mtb/rif assay is a highly sensitive molecular test with the potential to improve tuberculosis (tb) case detection. however, evidence supporting this potential at a programme level is minimal. | 2015 | 25868022 |
| the impact of sputum quality on tuberculosis diagnosis: a systematic review. | to perform a systematic review to evaluate the impact of sputum quality on the yield of tuberculosis (tb) diagnostic tests. | 2015 | 25868021 |
| prevalence of drug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis among children in china. | the available data on the epidemic of drug resistant tuberculosis (tb) among children in china is limited. this study attempted to clarify the drug resistance profiles of clinical strains isolated from children and estimate risk factors related to acquisition of drug resistance. all mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from children (age <15 years) and adolescent (age 15-18 years) tb patients received in the strain library of chinese center for disease control and prevention between january 2005 a ... | 2015 | 25814302 |
| tuberculosis and survival in past populations: a paleo-epidemiological appraisal. | historical assessments of the last two centuries consistently placed tuberculosis as the leading cause of mortality. however, for earlier periods, we can only calculate the frequencies of archaeological bone lesions, which tell us little about the real impact of the disease on mortality. these lesions are usually observed in individuals who have developed immune resistance, which is visible as healed osteo-articular lesions. this study aimed to test the differential impacts of tuberculosis, crib ... | 2015 | 25814301 |
| two positive tuberculosis cases in the late nigrovits family, 18th century, vác, hungary. | two mummies of the hungarian mummy collection from vác were the subjects of anthropological, paleopathological, radiological, paleomicrobiological, paleohistological and paleoproteomic studies. both individuals belonged to the same family. the father, józsef nigrovits (no 29), died at the age of 55 on the 11th of november 1793; his son, antal nigrovits (no 54), died on the 16th of july 1803, at the age of 22. they lived in the 18th century in vác, a small town in northern hungary. the macroscopi ... | 2015 | 25814300 |
| label-free quantitative proteomics reveals a role for the mycobacterium tuberculosis seca2 pathway in exporting solute binding proteins and mce transporters to the cell wall. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is an example of a bacterial pathogen with a specialized seca2-dependent protein export system that contributes to its virulence. our understanding of the mechanistic basis of seca2-dependent export and the role(s) of the seca2 pathway in m. tuberculosis pathogenesis has been hindered by our limited knowledge of the proteins exported by the pathway. here, we set out to identify m. tuberculosis proteins that use the seca2 pathway for their export from the bacterial cyto ... | 2015 | 25813378 |
| antitubercular nanocarrier combination therapy: formulation strategies and in vitro efficacy for rifampicin and sq641. | tuberculosis (tb) remains a major global health concern, and new therapies are needed to overcome the problems associated with dosing frequency, patient compliance, and drug resistance. to reduce side effects associated with systemic drug distribution and improve drug concentration at the target site, stable therapeutic nanocarriers (ncs) were prepared and evaluated for efficacy in vitro in mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophages. rifampicin (rif), a current, broad-spectrum antibiotic us ... | 2015 | 25811733 |
| a microbiological revolution meets an ancient disease: improving the management of tuberculosis with genomics. | tuberculosis (tb) is an ancient disease with an enormous global impact. despite declining global incidence, the diagnosis, phenotyping, and epidemiological investigation of tb require significant clinical microbiology laboratory resources. current methods for the detection and characterization of mycobacterium tuberculosis consist of a series of laboratory tests varying in speed and performance, each of which yields incremental information about the disease. since the sequencing of the first m. ... | 2015 | 25810419 |
| predominant mycobacterium tuberculosis families and high rates of recent transmission among new cases are not associated with primary multidrug resistance in lima, peru. | sputum samples from new tuberculosis (tb) cases were collected over 2 years as part of a prospective study in the northeastern part of lima, peru. to measure the contribution of recent transmission to the high rates of multidrug resistance (mdr) in this area, mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) isolates were tested for drug susceptibility to first-line drugs and were genotyped by spoligotyping and 15-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit (miru-15)-variable-number tandem repeat ( ... | 2015 | 25809979 |
| the complex evolution of antibiotic resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (tb) represent a major threat to the control of the disease worldwide. the mechanisms and pathways that result in the emergence and subsequent fixation of resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis are not fully understood and recent studies suggest that they are much more complex than initially thought. in this review, we highlight the exciting new areas of research within tb resistance that are beginning to fill these gaps in ... | 2015 | 25809763 |
| understanding anti-tuberculosis drug efficacy: rethinking bacterial populations and how we model them. | tuberculosis still remains a global health emergency, claiming 1.5 million lives in 2013. the bacterium responsible for this disease, mycobacterium tuberculosis (m.tb), has successfully survived within hostile host environments, adapting to immune defence mechanisms, for centuries. this has resulted in a disease that is challenging to treat, requiring lengthy chemotherapy with multi-drug regimens. one explanation for this difficulty in eliminating m.tb bacilli in vivo is the disparate action of ... | 2015 | 25809760 |
| repurposing-a ray of hope in tackling extensively drug resistance in tuberculosis. | tuberculosis (tb) remains a serious concern more than two decades on from when the world health organization declared it a global health emergency. the alarming rise of antibiotic resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tb, has made it exceedingly difficult to control the disease with the existing portfolio of anti-tb chemotherapy. the development of effective drugs with novel mechanism(s) of action is thus of paramount importance to tackle drug resistance. the develop ... | 2015 | 25809756 |
| frequency of mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific cd8+ t-cells in the course of anti-tuberculosis treatment. | anti-tuberculosis drug treatment is known to affect the number, phenotype, and effector functionality of antigen-specific t-cells. in order to objectively gauge mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb)-specific cd8+ t-cells at the single-cell level, we developed soluble major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i multimers/peptide multimers, which allow analysis of antigen-specific t-cells without ex vivo manipulation or functional tests. we constructed 38 mhc class i multimers covering some of the m ... | 2015 | 25809751 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific and mhc class i-restricted cd8+ t-cells exhibit a stem cell precursor-like phenotype in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. | the nature and longevity of the t-cell response directed against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) are important for effective pathogen containment. we analyzed ex vivo the nature of mtb antigen-specific t-cell responses directed against the mtb secreted antigens rv0288, rv1886c, rv3875, the antigens rv2958c, rv2957, and rv0447c (intracellular, non-secreted enzymes) in blood from korean patients with active tuberculosis (tb). mtb-specific t-cell function was defined by intracellular cytokine prod ... | 2015 | 25809750 |
| epidemiologic link between tuberculosis and cigarette/biomass smoke exposure: limitations despite the vast literature. | the geographic overlap between the prevalence of cigarette smoke (cs) exposure and tuberculosis (tb) in the world is striking. in recent years, relatively large number of studies has linked cigarette or biomass fuel smoke exposure and various aspects of tb. our goals are to summarize the significance of the known published studies, graphically represent reports that quantified the association and discuss their potential limitations. pubmed searches were performed using the key words 'tuberculosi ... | 2015 | 25808744 |
| a novel pathway producing dimethylsulphide in bacteria is widespread in soil environments. | the volatile compound dimethylsulphide (dms) is important in climate regulation, the sulphur cycle and signalling to higher organisms. microbial catabolism of the marine osmolyte dimethylsulphoniopropionate (dmsp) is thought to be the major biological process generating dms. here we report the discovery and characterization of the first gene for dmsp-independent dms production in any bacterium. this gene, mdda, encodes a methyltransferase that methylates methanethiol and generates dms. mdda func ... | 2015 | 25807229 |
| crystal structures of the kinase domain of the sulfate-activating complex in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | in mycobacterium tuberculosis the sulfate activating complex provides a key branching point in sulfate assimilation. the complex consists of two polypeptide chains, cysd and cysn. cysd is an atp sulfurylase that, with the energy provided by the gtpase activity of cysn, forms adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (aps) which can then enter the reductive branch of sulfate assimilation leading to the biosynthesis of cysteine. the cysn polypeptide chain also contains an aps kinase domain (cysc) that phosphory ... | 2015 | 25807013 |
| using a label free quantitative proteomics approach to identify changes in protein abundance in multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis. | reports in recent years indicate that the increasing emergence of resistance to drugs be using to tb treatment. the resistance to them severely affects to options for effective treatment. the emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis has increased interest in understanding the mechanism of drug resistance in m. tuberculosis and the development of new therapeutics, diagnostics and vaccines. in this study, a label-free quantitative proteomics approach has been used to analyze proteome of multi ... | 2015 | 25805910 |
| prophylactic potential of defensins and l-isoleucine in tuberculosis household contacts: an experimental model. | patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) are the most important source for tb infection, being the risk of infection determined by the source case infectiousness and the contact closeness. currently, the administration of isoniazid is used to prevent the infection to some extent in household contacts. at experimental level, defensins are efficient molecules for the treatment of tb and other infectious diseases. | 2015 | 25804474 |
| human cd8+ t-cells recognizing peptides from mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) presented by hla-e have an unorthodox th2-like, multifunctional, mtb inhibitory phenotype and represent a novel human t-cell subset. | mycobacterial antigens are not exclusively presented to t-cells by classical hla-class ia and hla-class ii molecules, but also through alternative antigen presentation molecules such as cd1a/b/c, mr1 and hla-e. we recently described mycobacterial peptides that are presented in hla-e and recognized by cd8+ t-cells. using t-cell cloning, phenotyping, microbiological, functional and rna-expression analyses, we report here that these t-cells can exert cytolytic or suppressive functions, inhibit myco ... | 2015 | 25803478 |
| antimycobacterial and cytotoxicity activity of microcystins. | the present work aimed to evaluate the antimycobacterial activity and cytotoxicity of microcystis aeruginosa toxins, the mc-lr variant and purified extract of [d-leu(1)] microcystin-lr. | 2015 | 25802510 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific cd4 t cells are the principal source of ifn-γ in quantiferon assays in healthy persons. | 2015 | 25802032 | |
| old world tuberculosis: evidence from human remains with a review of current research and future prospects. | the evidence for tb in archaeological human remains for the old world is reviewed in published and some unpublished sources. the evidence of pott's disease was considered specific for tb, with other bone changes, such as rib lesions, as non-specific. limitations of the data are discussed. most evidence for tb comes from skeletons from the northern hemisphere, particularly in europe in the late medieval period (12(th)-16th centuries ad), but there is early evidence in the near/middle east and egy ... | 2015 | 25802030 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the 'non-classical immune cell'. | mycobacterium tuberculosis can infect 'non-classical immune cells', which comprise a significant constituency of cells that reside outside of those defined as 'classical immune cells' from myeloid or lymphoid origin. here we address the influence of specific 'non-classical immune cells' in host responses and their effects in controlling mycobacterial growth or enabling an environment conducive for bacilli persistence. the interaction of m. tuberculosis with epithelial cells, endothelial cells, f ... | 2015 | 25801479 |
| lead selection and characterization of antitubercular compounds using the nested chemical library. | discovering new drugs to treat tuberculosis more efficiently and to overcome multidrug resistance is a world health priority. to find novel antitubercular agents several approaches have been used in various institutions worldwide, including target-based approaches against several validated mycobacterial enzymes and phenotypic screens. we screened more than 17,000 compounds from vichem's nested chemical library™ using an integrated strategy involving whole cell-based assays with corynebacterium g ... | 2015 | 25801335 |
| genetic mutations associated with isoniazid resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis: a systematic review. | tuberculosis (tb) incidence and mortality are declining worldwide; however, poor detection of drug-resistant disease threatens to reverse current progress toward global tb control. multiple, rapid molecular diagnostic tests have recently been developed to detect genetic mutations in mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) genes known to confer first-line drug resistance. their utility, though, depends on the frequency and distribution of the resistance associated mutations in the pathogen population. m ... | 2015 | 25799046 |
| tuberculosis - a global emergency: tools and methods to monitor, understand, and control the epidemic with specific example of the beijing lineage. | we argue in favor of a concerted and coordinated response to stop tuberculosis (tb) by monitoring global tb spread, drug-resistance surveillance and populations at risk using available molecular and web tools to identify circulating clones of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc). we took specific example of the beijing lineage associated with worldwide emergence of both multiple, and extensively drug resistant (mdr/xdr)-tb. the study dataset (n=10,850 isolates, 92 countries of patient origi ... | 2015 | 25797613 |
| cytokines for monitoring anti-tuberculous therapy: a systematic review. | the ability to monitor response to therapy for tuberculosis (tb) and confirm adequate treatment would be a major advance. the low reversion rate of interferon-gamma based assays means that they are unlikely to be useful for monitoring therapy. several exploratory studies have evaluated the diagnostic potential of cytokine biomarkers other than interferon-gamma for monitoring anti-tuberculous therapy. a systematic review of these studies was performed to identify the most promising candidate biom ... | 2015 | 25797612 |