Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| structure and lytic activity of a bacillus anthracis prophage endolysin. | we report a structural and functional analysis of the lambda prophage ba02 endolysin (plyl) encoded by the bacillus anthracis genome. we show that plyl comprises two autonomously folded domains, an n-terminal catalytic domain and a c-terminal cell wall-binding domain. we determined the crystal structure of the catalytic domain; its three-dimensional fold is related to that of the cell wall amidase, t7 lysozyme, and contains a conserved zinc coordination site and other components of the catalytic ... | 2005 | 16103125 |
| solid- and vapor-phase antimicrobial activities of six essential oils: susceptibility of selected foodborne bacterial and fungal strains. | the antimicrobial activity of essential oils (eos) of cinnamon (cinnamon zeylanicum), clove (syzygium aromaticum), basil (ocimum basillicum), rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis), dill (anethum graveolens), and ginger (zingiber officinalis) was evaluated over a range of concentrations in two types of contact tests (solid and vapor diffusion). the eos were tested against an array of four gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, enterococcus faecalis, and listeria monocytogenes ... | 2005 | 16104824 |
| purification and molecular characterization of antibacterial compounds produced by lactobacillus murinus strain l1. | the aim of this work was to purify and characterize antibacterial compounds produced by lactobacillus murinus strain l1. | 2005 | 16108807 |
| purification and partial chemical characterization of the antimicrobial peptide cerein 8a. | to purify and to characterize the antimicrobial compound cerein 8a. | 2005 | 16108919 |
| modulation of pi-specific phospholipase c by membrane curvature and molecular order. | phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (pi-plc) from bacillus cereus has been assayed on large and small unilamellar vesicles consisting of pi, either pure or in mixtures with other lipids. vesicle diameter (in the 50-300 nm range) influences pi-plc activity, enzyme rates increasing with decreasing curvature radii. with sonicated unilamellar vesicles of pure pi, two apparent k(s) values are observed, one in the 0-2 mm concentration range and the other in the 2-12 mm concentration range. t ... | 2005 | 16114896 |
| listeria monocytogenes phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c has evolved for virulence by greatly reduced activity on gpi anchors. | listeria monocytogenes phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (pi-plc) plays a critical role in escape of this human pathogen from host cell vacuoles. unlike classical bacterial pi-plcs, the l. monocytogenes enzyme has very weak activity on glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi)-anchored proteins. previous crystal structure analysis has revealed that a small beta-strand (vb) is present in bacillus cereus pi-plc and is absent in the enzyme from l. monocytogenes. this vb beta-strand in b. cereu ... | 2005 | 16118276 |
| evaluation of bact/alert plastic culture bottles for use in testing pooled whole blood-derived leukoreduced platelet-rich plasma platelets with a single contaminated unit. | in certain countries, whole blood-derived platelet (plt)-rich plasma plts can only be pooled within 4 hours of transfusion. one prerequisite for prestorage pooling is the ability to detect low levels of bacteria from a single unit (approx. 10 colony-forming units [cfus]/ml) once pooled (10/6 approx. 2 cfus/ml). this study evaluated the bact/alert (biomérieux) for detection of bacteria in 1 unit of a 6-unit pool. | 2005 | 16131385 |
| alteration of pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline following oral administration of piper longum in hens. | the pharmacokinetic profile of orally administered oxytetracycline (10 mg/kg body weight) was studied 7 days post oral treatment of piper longum (15 mg equivalent/kg) in white leghorn hens (2-2.8 kg). on the day 8, oxytetracycline (otc) was administered orally and blood samples were collected from the wing vein in heparinised vials for plasma separation at 0 (pre-treatment), 15, 30, 60, 120, 240, 360, 480 and 600 minutes post otc administration. plasma otc concentrations were determined by micro ... | 2005 | 16131821 |
| diversity of alkaliphilic and alkalitolerant bacteria cultivated from decomposing reed rhizomes in a hungarian soda lake. | bacterial communities associated with decomposing rhizomes of phragmites australis were investigated in lake ferto (neusiedlersee, hungary). alkaliphilic and alkalitolerant strains were isolated on cellulose-containing alkaline medium spread with dilutions of scrapings taken from the surface of the decaying plant material. fifty-one strains were grouped by numerical analysis based on physiological tests and biolog sole carbon source utilization data. the strains identified by 16s rdna sequence c ... | 2005 | 16132425 |
| gene-based identification of bacterial colonies with an electric chip. | a method for the identification of bacterial colonies based on their content of specific genes is presented. this method does not depend on dna separation or dna amplification. bacillus cereus carrying one of the genes (hblc) coding for the enterotoxin hemolysin was identified with this method. it is based on target dna hybridization to a capturing probe immobilized on magnetic beads, followed by enzymatic labeling and measurement of the enzyme product with a silicon-based chip. an hblc-positive ... | 2005 | 16137631 |
| use of two selective media and a broth motility test can aid in identification or exclusion of bacillus anthracis. | during the anthrax attack of 2001, the florida department of health (fdoh) bureau of laboratories in tampa received hundreds of isolates suspected of being bacillus anthracis. none were confirmed to be b. anthracis since most isolates were motile and not even in the bacillus cereus group. although the sentinel laboratories now send fewer isolates to fdoh laboratories, should another attack occur the number of isolates submitted would likely increase dramatically, and this upsurge would seriously ... | 2005 | 16145074 |
| inactivation of spores of bacillus anthracis sterne, bacillus cereus, and bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis by chlorination. | three species of bacillus were evaluated as potential surrogates for bacillus anthracis for determining the sporicidal activity of chlorination as commonly used in drinking water treatment. spores of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis were found to be an appropriate surrogate for spores of b. anthracis for use in chlorine inactivation studies. | 2005 | 16151153 |
| lactic acid bacteria and yeasts associated with spontaneous fermentations during the production of sour cassava starch in brazil. | sour cassava starch is a traditional fermented food used in the preparation of fried foods and baked goods such as traditional cheese breads in brazil. thirty samples of sour cassava starch were collected from two factories in the state of minas gerais. the samples were examined for the presence of lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, mesophilic microorganisms, bacillus cereus and faecal coliforms. lactic acid bacteria and yeasts isolates were identified by biochemical tests, and the identities were co ... | 2005 | 16153731 |
| bacillus cereus meningoencephalitis in preterm infants: neuroimaging characteristics. | meningoencephalitis can severely damage the developing brain. preterms are more prone for nosocomial infections with pathogens other than group b streptococci and escherichia coli. in this report we focus on the deleterious clinical course and imaging characteristics of proven bacillus cereus meningoencephalitis. | 2005 | 16155172 |
| necrotizing gastritis due to bacillus cereus in an immunocompromised patient. | bacillus cereus is increasingly being acknowledged as a serious bacterial pathogen in immunocompromised patients. we present a case of acute necrotizing gastritis caused by b. cereus in a 37-year-old woman with acute myeloblastic leukemia, who recovered following total parenteral nutrition and treatment with imipenem and vancomycin. b. cereus was isolated from gastric mucosa and blood cultures. up to now, no case of acute necrotizing gastritis due to this organism has been reported. | 2006 | 16703301 |
| occurrence and pathogenic potential of bacillus cereus group bacteria in a sandy loam. | the major part (94%) of the bacillus cereus-like isolates from a danish sandy loam are psychrotolerant bacillus weihenstephanensis according to their ability to grow at temperatures below 7 degrees c and/or two pcr-based methods, while the remaining 6% are b. cereus. the bacillus mycoides-like isolates could also be divided into psychrotolerant and mesophilic isolates. the psychrotolerant isolates of b. mycoides could be discriminated from the mesophilic by the two pcr-based methods used to char ... | 2006 | 16710635 |
| constituents and biological activities of schinus polygamus. | the folk medicine employs schinus polygamus to treat arthritic pain and cleansing of wounds. as no reports of pharmacological studies supporting its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, extracts of increasing polarity were assayed on the base of fever, pain and inflammation, together with its antimicrobial activity. all the extracts showed pharmacological activities. from the most active extracts different metabolites were isolated that can in part explain the antipyretic, anti-inflammato ... | 2006 | 16713153 |
| biofilm-spore response in bacillus cereus and bacillus subtilis during nutrient limitation. | this study aimed to trace the dynamics of biofilm formation by vegetative cells and endospores of bacillus cereus dl5 and bacillus subtilis 168. counts of b. cereus dl5 and b. subtilis 168 vegetative cells and spores either attached to glass wool or, correspondingly, planktonic cells were determined by standard plate-counting methods. results from this study highlighted the biofilm-forming potential of both spores and vegetative cells of two different bacillus species. it was shown that once bac ... | 2006 | 16715822 |
| presence and growth of bacillus cereus in dehydrated potato flakes and hot-held, ready-to-eat potato products purchased in new zealand. | potato products prepared from dehydrated potato flakes have been implicated in foodborne illness incidents involving bacillus cereus intoxications. b. cereus can survive as spores in potato flakes and can germinate and multiply in the rehydrated product. this study assessed the frequency and concentration of b. cereus in dehydrated potato flakes and hot-held, ready-to-eat mashed potato products. of 50 packets of potato flakes tested, eight contained greater than 100 cfu/g b. cereus (maximum 370 ... | 2006 | 16715823 |
| lactobacillus plantarum gene clusters encoding putative cell-surface protein complexes for carbohydrate utilization are conserved in specific gram-positive bacteria. | genomes of gram-positive bacteria encode many putative cell-surface proteins, of which the majority has no known function. from the rapidly increasing number of available genome sequences it has become apparent that many cell-surface proteins are conserved, and frequently encoded in gene clusters or operons, suggesting common functions, and interactions of multiple components. | 2006 | 16723015 |
| antimicrobial monomeric and dimeric diterpenes from the leaves of helichrysum tenax var tenax. | the hexane extract of fresh air-dried leaves of helichrysum tenax (asteraceae) afforded ent-beyer-15-en-19-ol (1), its 4-epimer ent-beyer-15-en-18-ol (2), 15beta,16beta-epoxide-ent-beyeran-19-ol (3), as well as (4) consisting of two units of (1) linked as a diester of malonic acid, and (5), a compound. its constituents are (1) and (3) also linked as a diester of malonic acid. the leaves of the plant are densely covered in fine glandular trichomes. these are extremely sticky and exude a mixture o ... | 2006 | 16434071 |
| influence of aqueous aluminium on the immune system of the freshwater crayfish pacifasticus leniusculus. | little is known of the effects of aluminium (al) on invertebrate immunity despite the ubiquitous nature of the metal and its toxicity to aquatic organisms. here we examine the effect of al at neutral ph on the immune system of the freshwater crayfish pacifasticus leniusculus. heat-killed bacteria were injected at intervals into the haemolymph of crayfish continuously exposed to a sub-lethal concentration (500 microg l(-1)) of al over 40 days. circulating haemocyte and bacterial numbers were moni ... | 2006 | 16436302 |
| adhesion and cytotoxicity of bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis to epithelial cells are flha and plcr dependent, respectively. | some bacteria of the bacillus cereus group are enteropathogens. the first cells encountered by bacteria following oral contamination of the host are epithelial cells. we studied the capacity of these bacteria to adhere to epithelial cells and the consequences of this interaction. we found that cell adhesion is strain dependent and that a strain mutated in flha, which encodes a component of flagellum-apparatus formation, is impaired in adhesion, suggesting that flagella are important virulence fa ... | 2006 | 16697234 |
| detection of antibiotic-related genes from bacterial biocontrol agents with polymerase chain reaction. | pseudomonas chlororaphis pa23, pseudomonas spp. strain df41, and bacillus amyloliquefaciens bs6 consistently inhibit infection of canola petals by sclerotinia sclerotiorum in both greenhouse and field experiments. bacillus thuringiensis bs8, bacillus cereus l, and bacillus mycoides s have shown significant inhibition against s. sclerotiorum on plate assays. the presence of antibiotic biosynthetic or self-resistance genes in these strains was investigated with polymerase chain reaction and, in on ... | 2006 | 16699573 |
| effects of amoebae on the growth of microbes isolated from moisture-damaged buildings. | dampness, moisture, and mold in buildings are associated with adverse health outcomes. in addition to fungi and bacteria, amoebae have been found in moisture-damaged building materials. amoebae and a growing list of bacteria have been shown to have mutual effects on each other's growth, but the interactions between amoebae and microbes common in moisture-damaged buildings have not been reported. we co-cultivated the amoeba acanthamoeba polyphaga with bacteria and fungi isolated from moisture-dam ... | 2006 | 16699589 |
| purification, crystallization and preliminary characterization of a putative lmbe-like deacetylase from bacillus cereus. | the bacillus cereus bc1534 protein, a putative deacetylase from the lmbe family, has been purified to homogeneity and crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. crystals of the 26 kda protein grown from mpd and acetate buffer belong to space group r32, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 76.7, c = 410.5 a (in the hexagonal setting). a complete native data set was collected to a resolution of 2.5 a from a single cryoprotected crystal using synchrotron radiation. as bc1534 shows si ... | 2006 | 16511317 |
| cereulide synthetase gene cluster from emetic bacillus cereus: structure and location on a mega virulence plasmid related to bacillus anthracis toxin plasmid pxo1. | cereulide, a depsipeptide structurally related to valinomycin, is responsible for the emetic type of gastrointestinal disease caused by bacillus cereus. recently, it has been shown that this toxin is produced by a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (nrps), but its exact genetic organization and biochemical synthesis is unknown. | 2006 | 16512902 |
| molecular approaches to identify and differentiate bacillus anthracis from phenotypically similar bacillus species isolates. | bacillus anthracis and bacillus cereus can usually be distinguished by standard microbiological methods (e.g., motility, hemolysis, penicillin susceptibility and susceptibility to gamma phage) and pcr. however, we have identified 23 bacillus spp. isolates that gave discrepant results when assayed by standard microbiological methods and pcr. we used multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (mlva), multiple-locus sequence typing (mlst), and phenotypic analysis to characterize these is ... | 2006 | 16515693 |
| use of single-point genome signature tags as a universal tagging method for microbial genome surveys. | we developed single-point genome signature tags (sp-gsts), a generally applicable, high-throughput sequencing-based method that targets specific genes to generate identifier tags from well-defined points in a genome. the technique yields identifier tags that can distinguish between closely related bacterial strains and allow for the identification of microbial community members. sp-gsts are determined by three parameters: (i) the primer designed to recognize a conserved gene sequence, (ii) the a ... | 2006 | 16517658 |
| genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity in enterococcus isolates from batzos, a raw goat milk cheese. | this study investigated the genotypic and phenotypic diversity in 34 isolates of enterococci obtained during ripening of batzos cheese from raw goat milk and characterized phenotypically as enterococcus durans. rapd-pcr, plasmid profiling and pfge were used to study the genetic variability and distinguish closely related isolates. species recognition by means of rapd-pcr was in agreement with the phenotypic identification for 29 strains. one strain was characterized as lactococcus lactis subsp. ... | 2006 | 16529834 |
| sterility testing of platelet concentrates prepared from deliberately infected blood donations. | in general the bacterial count in freshly donated blood is low and even lower in the corresponding platelet concentrates (pcs). by use of flow cytometry (facs) for sterility testing, the reliability of early versus later sampling times was evaluated. | 2006 | 16533294 |
| diversity of commensal bacillus cereus sensu lato isolated from the common sow bug (porcellio scaber, isopoda). | although bacillus cereus sensu lato are important both from an ecological and an economical point of view, little is known about their population structure, ecology, and relationships with other organisms. in the present work, the genotypic similarity of arthropod-borne b. cereus s.l. isolates, and their symbiotic relationship with the host are assessed. bacilli of this group were recovered from the digestive tracts of sow bugs (porcellio scaber) collected in three closely located sites. their g ... | 2006 | 16542411 |
| novel technology for rapid species-specific detection of bacillus spores. | there is an urgent need for a small, inexpensive sensor that can rapidly detect bio-warfare agents with high specificity. bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, would be a perilous disease-causing organism in the event of a release. currently, most anthrax detection research is based on nucleic acid detection, immunoassays and mass spectrometry, with few detection levels reported below 10(5) spores. here, we show the ability to distinguish bacillus spores to a level approaching 10(3 ... | 2006 | 16542873 |
| evaluation of different methods to discriminate bacillus anthracis from other bacteria of the bacillus cereus group. | to evaluate different methods that are useful for rapid and definitive discrimination of bacillus anthracis from other bacteria of the bacillus cereus group in environmental samples like letters claimed to contain anthrax spores. | 2006 | 16553722 |
| a newly developed assay to study the minimum inhibitory concentration of satureja spinosa essential oil. | the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of satureja spinosa essential oil against staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enterica, salmonella serovar enteritidis pt4 and bacillus cereus was comparatively assessed with an established optical density method as well as a novel impedimetric method. | 2006 | 16553733 |
| detection of bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki hd1 on cabbage for human consumption. | the objectives of the study were to develop a specific procedure for quantification and identification of bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki hd1, which is used as a biopesticide, and to quantify its presence in different kinds of cabbage for human consumption. we found that b. thuringiensis kurstaki hd1 can be distinguished from other b. thuringiensis strains by its unique random amplification of polymophic dna-pcr pattern with the opa9 primer and the presence of the flagellin genes, as detected by ... | 2006 | 16553839 |
| determination of the toxic potential of bacillus cereus isolates by quantitative enterotoxin analyses. | haemolysin bl (hbl) and non-haemolytic enterotoxin (nhe), each consisting of three components, represent the major enterotoxins produced by bacillus cereus. to evaluate the expression of these toxins, a set of 100 b. cereus strains was examined. molecular biological characterization showed that 42% of the strains harboured the genes for hbl and 99% for nhe. the production of all nhe and hbl components were analyzed using specific antibodies and, in culture supernatants, detectable levels of hbl ... | 2006 | 16553866 |
| membrane biology: permutations of permeability. | 2006 | 16554793 | |
| characterization of a unique type ia topoisomerase in bacillus cereus. | bacillus cereus topoisomerase iiibeta (bctopo iiibeta) has been cloned, overexpressed and biochemically characterized. this enzyme exhibits 64% and 33% sequence identity to bacillus subtilis topoisomerase iii (bstopo iii) and escherichia coli topoisomerase iii (ectopo iii) respectively. the enzymatic properties of bctopo iiibeta differ substantially from other bacterial type ia topoisomerases, including e. coli type ia topoisomerases and b. cereus topoisomerase i (bctopo i) and iiialpha (bctopo ... | 2006 | 16556226 |
| bacillus anthracis multiplication, persistence, and genetic exchange in the rhizosphere of grass plants. | bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, is known for its rapid proliferation and dissemination in mammalian hosts. in contrast, little information exists regarding the lifestyle of this important pathogen outside of the host. considering that bacillus species, including close relatives of b. anthracis, are saprophytic soil organisms, we investigated the capacity of b. anthracis spores to germinate in the rhizosphere and to establish populations of vegetative cells that could support ... | 2006 | 16672454 |
| occurrence of natural bacillus thuringiensis contaminants and residues of bacillus thuringiensis-based insecticides on fresh fruits and vegetables. | a total of 128 bacillus cereus-like strains isolated from fresh fruits and vegetables for sale in retail shops in denmark were characterized. of these strains, 39% (50/128) were classified as bacillus thuringiensis on the basis of their content of cry genes determined by pcr or crystal proteins visualized by microscopy. random amplified polymorphic dna analysis and plasmid profiling indicated that 23 of the 50 b. thuringiensis strains were of the same subtype as b. thuringiensis strains used as ... | 2006 | 16672488 |
| influence of sporulation medium composition on transcription of ger operons and the germination response of spores of bacillus cereus atcc 14579. | bacillus cereus atcc 14579 endospores were produced in y1 medium, a nutrient-rich, chemically defined sporulation medium, and in modified g medium, containing low amounts of nutrients. the average transcription level of the seven ger operons per cell was 3.5 times higher in y1 medium, and the spores grown in this medium showed an enhanced germination response. | 2006 | 16672527 |
| the international bacillus anthracis, b. cereus, and b. thuringiensis conference, "bacillus-act05". | 2006 | 16672596 | |
| differential proteomic analysis of the bacillus anthracis secretome: distinct plasmid and chromosome co2-dependent cross talk mechanisms modulate extracellular proteolytic activities. | the secretomes of a virulent bacillus anthracis strain and of avirulent strains (cured of the virulence plasmids pxo1 and pxo2), cultured in rich and minimal media, were studied by a comparative proteomic approach. more than 400 protein spots, representing the products of 64 genes, were identified, and a unique pattern of protein relative abundance with respect to the presence of the virulence plasmids was revealed. in minimal medium under high co(2) tension, conditions considered to simulate th ... | 2006 | 16672610 |
| rapid and simple detection of food poisoning bacteria by bead assay with a microfluidic chip-based system. | a rapid bead assay for detecting pathogenic bacteria with a simple microfluidic chip-based system was developed. five oligonucleotide probes corresponding to the 16s rrna of the targeted bacteria were coupled covalently to fluorescent beads. four species of bacteria (escherichia coli, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis, yersinia enterocolitica, and bacillus cereus) were used as representative food-borne pathogenic bacteria. the rnas extracted from pure cultures of these micr ... | 2006 | 16678290 |
| search for antibacterial and antifungal agents from selected indian medicinal plants. | a series of 61 indian medicinal plants belonging to 33 different families used in various infectious disorders, were screened for their antimicrobial properties. screening was carried out at 1000 and 500 microg/ml concentrations by agar dilution method against bacillus cereus var mycoides, bacillus pumilus, bacillus subtilis, bordetella bronchiseptica, micrococcus luteus, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, streptoco ... | 2006 | 16678369 |
| rapid discrimination of cytk-1 and cytk-2 genes in bacillus cereus strains by a novel duplex pcr system. | bacillus cereus is the causative agent of gastrointestinal diarrhoea. at least three known enterotoxins may be involved in this syndrome: nonhaemolytic (nhe) enterotoxin, hbl enterotoxin and cytotoxin k. two different forms were recently described for cytotoxin k, encoded by cytk-1 and cytk-2 genes. the cytk-1 toxin appeared to carry a high toxicity, but there is currently no method available to rapidly detect and discriminate the b. cereus strains able to produce this cytk-1 form. in this study ... | 2006 | 16684105 |
| evolution of surveillance methods for detection of bacterial contamination of platelets in a university hospital, 1991 through 2004. | platelet (plt) bacterial contamination (pbc) is the most common transfusion-associated infection. it is important to understand the impact of interventions addressing this problem. | 2006 | 16686839 |
| composition of bacillus species in aerosols from 11 u.s. cities. | a pcr-based heteroduplex assay was used to determine the presence and composition of bacillus species in 11,059 environmental protection agency pm2.5 aerosol samples from 11 u.s. cities. the assay differentiated three groups: type a containing bacillus anthracis and very closely related, often pathogenic, bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis strains; type b containing other b. cereus and b. thuringiensis strains; and a third group of more-distantly related bacillus species. eight of the 11 ... | 2006 | 16696702 |
| elaboration of an electroporation protocol for bacillus cereus atcc 14579. | an electro-transformation procedure was established for bacillus cereus atcc 14579. using early growth-stage culture and high electric field, the ectroporation efficiency was up to 2 x 10(9) cfu microg(-1) ml(-1) with pc194 plasmid dna. the procedure was tested with three other plasmids, of various sizes, replication mechanisms and selection markers, and the transformation efficiencies ranged between 2 x 10(6) and 1 x 10(8) cfu microg(-1) ml(-)(1). the effects of two wall-weakening agents on ele ... | 2006 | 16820234 |
| sequence diversity of the bacillus thuringiensis and b. cereus sensu lato flagellin (h antigen) protein: comparison with h serotype diversity. | we set out to analyze the sequence diversity of the bacillus thuringiensis flagellin (h antigen [hag]) protein and compare it with h serotype diversity. some other bacillus cereus sensu lato species and strains were added for comparison. the internal sequences of the flagellin (hag) alleles from 80 bacillus thuringiensis strains and 16 strains from the b. cereus sensu lato group were amplified and cloned, and their nucleotide sequences were determined and translated into amino acids. the flagell ... | 2006 | 16820457 |
| analysis of the life cycle of the soil saprophyte bacillus cereus in liquid soil extract and in soil. | bacillus is commonly isolated from soils, with organisms of bacillus cereus sensu lato being prevalent. knowledge of the ecology of b. cereus and other bacillus species in soil is far from complete. while the older literature favors a model of growth on soil-associated organic matter, the current paradigm is that b. cereus sensu lato germinates and grows in association with animals or plants, resulting in either symbiotic or pathogenic interactions. an in terra approach to study soil-associated ... | 2006 | 16820495 |
| biofilm formation by bacillus cereus is influenced by plcr, a pleiotropic regulator. | the deltaplcr mutant of bacillus cereus strain atcc 14579 developed significantly more biofilm than the wild type and produced increased amounts of biosurfactant. biosurfactant production is required for biofilm formation and may be directly or indirectly repressed by plcr, a pleiotropic regulator. coating polystyrene plates with surfactin, a biosurfactant from bacillus subtilis, rescued the deficiency in biofilm formation by the wild type. | 2006 | 16820512 |
| characterization of emetic bacillus weihenstephanensis, a new cereulide-producing bacterium. | cereulide production has until now been restricted to the species bacillus cereus. here we report on two psychrotolerant bacillus weihenstephanensis strains, mc67 and mc118, that produce cereulide. the strains are atypical with regard to pheno- and genotypic characteristics normally used for identification of emetic b. cereus strains. mc67 and mc118 produced cereulide at temperatures of as low as 8 degrees c. | 2006 | 16820519 |
| cytotoxic, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of varthemia iphionoides boiss. extracts. | the hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, ethanol and water extracts of aerial parts of varthemia, varthemia iphionoides, were investigated for cytotoxic activity against human myelocytic leukemia (hl-60) cells; dpph radical-scavenging activity; antioxidative activity in the linoleic acid system; reducing power; antibacterial activity; the contents of phenolic compounds. a pronounced cytotoxic effect on human leukemia (hl-60) cells was shown in the hexane, chloroform and ethanol extracts, with inhi ... | 2006 | 16824717 |
| antimicrobial effect of silver-doped phosphate-based glasses. | in this study a range of phosphate-based glasses (pbg) doped with silver have been investigated for their antimicrobial activities. in disk diffusion assays, these compositions demonstrated microbistatic effects against a range of organisms including staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, bacillus cereus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, and candida albicans. the data obtained from the above studies allowed for an additional range of pbg containing lower amo ... | 2006 | 16826601 |
| characterization of a bacteriocin-like substance produced by bacillus amyloliquefaciens isolated from the brazilian atlantic forest. | a bacillus strain producing a bacteriocin-like substance was characterized by biochemical profiling and 16s rdna sequencing. phylogenetic analysis indicated that the strain has high sequence similarity with bacillus amyloliquefaciens. the antimicrobial substance was inhibitory to pathogenic and food-spoilage bacteria, such as listeria monocytogenes, bacillus cereus, serratia marcescens, and pasteurella haemolytica. it was stable over a wide temperature range, but lost activity when the temperatu ... | 2006 | 16835841 |
| microbiological transformation of two labdane diterpenes, the main constituents of madia species, by two fungi. | microbial transformation of 13r,14r,15-trihydroxylabd-7-ene (5) and 13r,14r,15-trihydroxylabd-8(17)-ene (6) by the fungus debaryomyces hansenii gave 1 (13r,14r,15-trihydroxy-6-oxolabd-8-ene) and 3 (7alpha,13r,14r,15-tetrahydroxy-labd-8(17)-ene), respectively. while, microbial transformation of 5 by aspergillus niger afforded 2 (3beta,13r,14r,15-tetrahydroxy-labd-7-ene), and 13r,14r,15-trihydroxylabd-8,17-ene (6) gave 3 and 4 (3r,14r,15-3-oxotetrahydroxy-labd-7-ene). the structures of the new com ... | 2006 | 16839574 |
| capillary electrophoretic method for the detection of bacterial contamination. | there has been growing interest in separations-based techniques for the identification and characterization of microorganisms because of the versatility, selectivity, sensitivity, and short analysis times of these methods. a related area of analysis that is scientifically and commercially important is the determination of the presence or complete absence of microbes (in essence, a test for sample sterility). in such a test, it is not of immediate importance to identify a particular microorganism ... | 2006 | 16841893 |
| toxin gene profiling of enterotoxic and emetic bacillus cereus. | very different toxins are responsible for the two types of gastrointestinal diseases caused by bacillus cereus: the diarrhoeal syndrome is linked to nonhemolytic enterotoxin nhe, hemolytic enterotoxin hbl, and cytotoxin k, whereas emesis is caused by the action of the depsipeptide toxin cereulide. the recently identified cereulide synthetase genes permitted development of a molecular assay that targets all toxins known to be involved in food poisoning in a single reaction, using only four differ ... | 2006 | 16842349 |
| synthesis and antimicrobial activity studies of ortho-chlorodiarylamines and heteroaromatic tetracyclic systems in the benzo[b]thiophene series. | ortho-chlorodiarylamines in the 2,3,7-trimethylbenzo[b]thiophene series were prepared in high yields (70-85%) by c-n palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling using p(t-bu)(3) as ligand and naot-bu as base. a palladium-assisted c-c intramolecular cyclization of the coupling products gave thienocarbazoles and the dechlorinated diarylamines. studies of antimicrobial activity of the compounds obtained, against representative species of bacteria (escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus cereus an ... | 2006 | 16843669 |
| isolation of bacteriocinogenic lactobacillus plantarum strains from ben saalga, a traditional fermented gruel from burkina faso. | a collection of lactic acid bacteria isolated from ben saalga, a traditional fermented gruel from burkina faso, was screened for bacteriocin production. seven isolates were selected for their broad antimicrobial spectra, which overall included strains of bacillus cereus, bacillus licheniformis, enterococcus faecalis, listeria innocua, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and salmonella enterica. cluster analysis of rapd-pcr patterns revealed that six of the isolates re ... | 2006 | 16844251 |
| characterization of bacillus anthracis-like bacteria isolated from wild great apes from cote d'ivoire and cameroon. | we present the microbiological and molecular characterization of bacteria isolated from four chimpanzees and one gorilla thought to have died of an anthrax-like disease in côte d'ivoire and cameroon. these isolates differed significantly from classic bacillus anthracis by the following criteria: motility, resistance to the gamma phage, and, for isolates from cameroon, resistance to penicillin g. a capsule was expressed not only after induction by co(2) and bicarbonate but also under normal growt ... | 2006 | 16855222 |
| identification and characterization of bacterial cysteine dioxygenases: a new route of cysteine degradation for eubacteria. | in metazoa and fungi, the catabolic dissimilation of cysteine begins with its sulfoxidation to cysteine sulfinic acid by the enzyme cysteine dioxygenase (cdo). in these organisms, cdo plays an important role in the homeostatic regulation of steady-state cysteine levels and provides important oxidized metabolites of cysteine such as sulfate and taurine. to date, there has been no experimental evidence for the presence of cdo in prokaryotes. using psi-blast searches and crystallographic informatio ... | 2006 | 16855246 |
| spores from mesophilic bacillus cereus strains germinate better and grow faster in simulated gastro-intestinal conditions than spores from psychrotrophic strains. | the species bacillus cereus, known for its ability to cause food borne disease, consists of a large variety of strains. an important property for discrimination of strains is their growth temperature range. psychrotrophic strains can grow well at refrigerator temperatures but grow at 37 degrees c with difficulty. mesophilic strains on the other hand are unable to grow below 10 degrees c, but grow well at 37 degrees c. spores of six psychrotrophic and six mesophilic strains were investigated for ... | 2006 | 16860423 |
| efficacy of amphoteric surfactant- and peracetic acid-based disinfectants on spores of bacillus cereus in vitro and on food premises of the german armed forces. | in mass catering facilities of the german armed forces, foodborne outbreaks are commonly attributed to bacillus cereus, and spores of this organism are regularly found on equipment surfaces. b. cereus is the causative agent of foodborne emetic or diarrheic disease. hence, the use of sporicidal disinfectants may provide a starting point for successful risk mitigation of diseases associated with b. cereus. in this study, the amphoteric surfactant-based disinfectant (product a) that has been routin ... | 2006 | 16865893 |
| growth characteristics of virulent bacillus anthracis and potential surrogate strains. | the objectives of this study were to compare generation and lag times of virulent bacillus anthracis strains with those of other bacillus strains, to identify possible surrogates for growth studies, and to determine if the b. cereus module of the u.s. department of agriculture pathogen modeling program (pmp) had predictive value for b. anthracis. growth characteristics of b. anthracis, b. cereus, b. mycoides, and b. subtilis strains in brain heart infusion broth at ph 6.5, 6.0, and 5.5 were dete ... | 2006 | 16865910 |
| physicochemical, microbiological, and organoleptic profiles of greek table olives from retail outlets. | the physicochemical, microbiological, and organoleptic profile of different commercial table olive products from retail outlets was studied. average ph values were 4.00, 3.96, and 4.31 for spanish-style green, naturally black, and dry-salted olives, respectively, while salt content was 6.21, 7.34, and 8.00% for the same commercial products. mean values for titratable acidity were 0.53 and 0.63% (wt/vol) for green and naturally black olives. in general, mean values for ph, titratable acidity, and ... | 2006 | 16865913 |
| antimicrobial activity of extracts of the lichen xanthoparmelia pokornyi and its gyrophoric and stenosporic acid constituents. | the antimicrobial activity of the diethyl ether, acetone, chloroform, petroleum ether, and ethanol extracts of the lichen xanthoparmelia pokornyi and its gyrophoric acid and stenosporic acid constituents has been screened against some foodborne bacteria and fungi. both the extracts and the acids showed antimicrobial activity against aeromonas hydrophila, bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, listeria monocytogenes, proteus vulgaris, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis, yersinia enterocol ... | 2006 | 16869486 |
| the structure of the major cell wall polysaccharide of bacillus anthracis is species-specific. | in this report we describe the structure of the polysaccharide released from bacillus anthracis vegetative cell walls by aqueous hydrogen fluoride (hf). this hf-released polysaccharide (hf-ps) was isolated and structurally characterized from the ames, sterne, and pasteur strains of b. anthracis. the hf-pss were also isolated from the closely related bacillus cereus atcc 10987 strain, and from the b. cereus atcc 14579 type strain and compared with those of b. anthracis. the structure of the b. an ... | 2006 | 16870610 |
| bacillus cereus: the forgotten pathogen. | infection with bacillus cereus is generally associated with gastrointestinal effects of food poisoning linked to infected rice. isolates of b. cereus in hospital and clinical settings from any material other than vomitus or feces are commonly dismissed as contaminants. | 2006 | 16875462 |
| siderophores of bacillus anthracis, bacillus cereus, and bacillus thuringiensis. | three bacillus anthracis sterne strains (usamriid, 7702, and 34f2) and bacillus cereus atcc 14579 excrete two catecholate siderophores, petrobactin (which contains 3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl moieties) and bacillibactin (which contains 2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl moieties). however, the insecticidal organism bacillus thuringiensis atcc 33679 makes only bacillibactin. analyses of siderophore production by previously isolated [cendrowski et al., mol. microbiol. 52 (2004) 407-417] b. anthracis mutant strains rev ... | 2006 | 16875672 |
| [isolation and identification of bacillus cereus strain jp-a and its capability in phenol degradation]. | in this study, a bacterial strain named as jp-a was isolated from the activated sludge of a steel factory. through morphological observation,physiological and biochemical test, and 16srrna sequence analysis, the strain was identified as bacillus cereus. under laboratory condition, the phenol at its initial concentration of 5,10 and 15 mmol x l(-1) could be completely degraded by the strain within 16,24 and 32 h, respectively, but the growth of the strain was inhibited when the phenol concentrati ... | 2006 | 16883828 |
| peptidoglycan from bacillus cereus mediates commensalism with rhizosphere bacteria from the cytophaga-flavobacterium group. | previous research in our laboratory revealed that the introduction of bacillus cereus uw85 can increase the populations of bacteria from the cytophaga-flavobacterium (cf) group of the bacteroidetes phylum in the soybean rhizosphere, suggesting that these rhizosphere microorganisms have a beneficial relationship (g. s. gilbert, j. l. parke, m. k. clayton, and j. handelsman, ecology 74:840-854, 1993). in the present study, we determined the frequency at which cf bacteria coisolated with b. cereus ... | 2006 | 16885294 |
| multivariate approach to comparing whole-cell proteomes of bacillus cereus indicates a biofilm-specific proteome. | biofilm bacteria are widely held to exhibit a unique phenotype, typified by their increased resistance to antimicrobial agents. numerous studies have been devoted to the identification of biofilm-specific genes, but surprisingly few have been reported to date. we compared the whole cell proteomes of 24 h old bacillus cereus biofilms and the associated suspended population to exponential, transient and stationary phase planktonic cultures using the unbiased approach of principal component analysi ... | 2006 | 16889414 |
| bacillus spp. among hospitalized patients with haematological malignancies: clinical features, epidemics and outcomes. | between april 2000 and may 2005, 350 bacteraemic episodes occurred among patients treated in our haematology unit. two hundred and twenty-eight of these episodes were caused by gram-positive pathogens, most commonly coagulase-negative staphylococci and staphylococcus aureus. one hundred and twenty-two episodes were due to gram-negative pathogens, with a predominance of escherichia coli, acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas aeruginosa. bacillus bacteraemias constituted 12 of these episodes occ ... | 2006 | 16891037 |
| thermal inactivation of bacillus anthracis spores in cow's milk. | decimal reduction time (time to inactivate 90% of the population) (d) values of bacillus anthracis spores in milk ranged from 3.4 to 16.7 h at 72 degrees c and from 1.6 to 3.3 s at 112 degrees c. the calculated increase of temperature needed to reduce the d value by 90% varied from 8.7 to 11.0 degrees c, and the arrhenius activation energies ranged from 227.4 to 291.3 kj/mol. six-log-unit viability reductions were achieved at 120 degrees c for 16 s. these results suggest that a thermal process s ... | 2006 | 16751573 |
| biochemical characteristics of chitosanase from the indonesian bacillus licheniformis mb-2. | bacillus licheniformis mb-2, isolated from a hot spring water in manado, indonesia, secreted a unique chitosanase. media consisted of 0.24% chitosan, 0.25% casiton, 1% mgso4, 1.4% k2hpo4, 0.02% cacl2 x 2h2o, 0.002% feso4 x 7h2o (w/v) was used for enzyme production. purification of the enzyme through the hydrophobic interaction chromatography system (butyl sepharose 4 ff) resulted in two major active fractions; the f2 fraction was shown as a single band at both sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylami ... | 2006 | 16757796 |
| [thrombophlebitis and pneumonia in hiv patient]. | 2006 | 16762297 | |
| a primary sodium pump gene of the moderate halophile halobacillus dabanensis exhibits secondary antiporter properties. | the primary sodium pump has been proved to be involved in na(+) extrusion of bacteria. in our present study, a novel gene encoding a putative primary sodium pump was cloned from chromosomal dna of moderate halophile halobacillus dabanensis d-8 by functional complementation, which expression resulted in the growth of antiporter-deficient escherichia coli strain knabc in the presence of 0.2 m nacl. the gene was sequenced and designated nap. the deduced amino acid sequence of nap has 56% identity t ... | 2006 | 16774742 |
| isolation and characterization of two potential pentachlorophenol degrading aerobic bacteria from pulp paper effluent sludge. | 2006 | 16778357 | |
| synthesis and in vitro antimicrobial studies of medicinally important novel n-alkyl and n-sulfonyl derivatives of 1-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)-methyl]piperazine. | a series of novel substituted 1-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)-methyl]piperazine derivatives (4a-g) and (5h-m) have been synthesized. the synthesized compounds were characterized by ir and 1h nmr. all the synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro for their efficacy as antimicrobial agents against representative strains of gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus atcc 25953, streptococcus pneumoniae atcc 49619, bacillus cereus 11778, and bacillus subtilis 6051) and gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli ... | 2006 | 16784863 |
| the enhancin-like metalloprotease from the bacillus cereus group is regulated by the pleiotropic transcriptional activator plcr but is not essential for larvicidal activity. | bacillus cereus group bacteria produce virulence factors. many of these are regulated by the pleiotropic transcriptional activator plcr, which is implicated in insect virulence. in silico analysis of the b. cereus strain atcc14579 genome showed an enhancin-like gene preceded by a typical plcr binding sequence. the gene is predicted to encode a polypeptide showing 23-25% identity with enhancins from several baculoviruses and 31% with that of yersinia pestis. viral enhancin acts after oral infecti ... | 2006 | 16790012 |
| burkholderia cenocepacia zmpb is a broad-specificity zinc metalloprotease involved in virulence. | in previous studies we characterized the burkholderia cenocepacia zmpa zinc metalloprotease. in this study, we determined that b. cenocepacia has an additional metalloprotease, which we designated zmpb. the zmpb gene is present in the same species as zmpa and was detected in b. cepacia, b. cenocepacia, b. stabilis, b. ambifaria, and b. pyrrocinia but was absent from b. multivorans, b. vietnamiensis, b. dolosa, and b. anthina. the zmpb gene was expressed, and zmpb was purified from escherichia co ... | 2006 | 16790782 |
| variability among bacillus cereus strains in spore surface properties and influence on their ability to contaminate food surface equipment. | seven strains of bacillus cereus isolated from the environment and from patients with diarrheic symptoms were examined from two angles: their spore surface properties, and their ability to adhere to stainless steel and to resist a cleaning in place (cip) procedure. our results revealed significant differences in their morphology (size of exosporium, length and number of appendages), hydrophobic character and surface protein composition. most of these proteins originated in the vegetative cell an ... | 2006 | 16793156 |
| antimicrobial activities of human beta-defensins against bacillus species. | natural defences in the human body function to protect us from numerous environmental toxins and exposure to potential harmful biological agents. an important frontline defence is antimicrobial peptides. these peptides occur at environmental interfaces and serve to limit bacterial invasion. there has been little work comparing specific peptides as potential antimicrobial compounds. in this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of peptides from the human beta-defensin (hbd) family agains ... | 2006 | 16797165 |
| elimination and multiplication of bacteria during preparation and storage of buffy coat-derived platelet concentrates. | the prevalence of bacterial contamination of random-donor platelet concentrates (pcs) is considerably lower than that of blood donations. which key steps of the preparation procedure contribute to the elimination of bacteria was investigated. | 2006 | 16734811 |
| synthesis and evaluation of fluorogenic substrates for phospholipase d and phospholipase c. | fluorogenic analogues of phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine, ddpb and lysoddpb, were synthesized by an enzyme-assisted strategy. the analogues were evaluated as substrates for phospholipases c and d and lysophospholipase d. ddpb was cleaved by bacterial and plant phospholipase d (pld) enzymes and represents the first direct fluorogenic substrate for real-time measurement of pld activity. both fluorogenic substrates have potential in screening for pld and pc-plc inhibitors and for mo ... | 2006 | 16737317 |
| bioassay-guided purification and identification of antimicrobial components in chinese green tea extract. | the chinese green tea extract was found to strongly inhibit the growth of major food-borne pathogens, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium dt104, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, and a diarrhoea food-poisoning pathogen bacillus cereus, by 44-100% with the highest activity found against s. aureus and lowest against e. coli o157:h7. a bioassay-guided fractionation technique was used for identifying the principal active component. a simple and efficient reversed-phase high ... | 2006 | 16797571 |
| berry phenolics: antimicrobial properties and mechanisms of action against severe human pathogens. | antimicrobial activity and mechanisms of phenolic extracts of 12 nordic berries were studied against selected human pathogenic microbes. the most sensitive bacteria on berry phenolics were helicobacter pylori and bacillus cereus. campylobacter jejuni and candida albicans were inhibited only with phenolic extracts of cloudberry, raspberry, and strawberry, which all were rich in ellagitannins. cloudberry extract gave strong microbicidic effects on the basis of plate count with all studied strains. ... | 2006 | 16800770 |
| the production of bacillus cereus enterotoxins is influenced by carbohydrate and growth rate. | enterotoxin production is a key factor in bacillus cereus food poisoning. herein, the effect of the growth rate (mu) on b. cereus toxin production when grown on sucrose was studied and the hemolytic bl enterotoxin (hbl) and nonhemolytic enterotoxin (nhe) production by b. cereus was compared according to carbohydrate at mu = 0.2 h(-1). the anaerobic growth was carried out on continuous cultures in synthetic medium supplemented with glucose, fructose, sucrose, or an equimolar mixture of glucose an ... | 2006 | 16802202 |
| the acid tolerance response of bacillus cereus atcc14579 is dependent on culture ph, growth rate and intracellular ph. | the food pathogen bacillus cereus is likely to encounter acidic environments (i) in food when organic acids are added for preservation purposes, and (ii) during the stomachal transit of aliments. in order to characterise the acid stress response of b. cereus atcc14579, cells were grown in chemostat at different ph values (ph(o) from 9.0 to 5.5) and different growth rates (micro from 0.1 to 0.8 h(-1)), and were submitted to acid shock at ph 4.0. cells grown at low ph(o) were adapted to acid media ... | 2006 | 16906407 |
| antibiotic resistance: mono- and dinuclear zinc complexes as metallo-beta-lactamase mimics. | biomimetic systems containing one or two zinc(ii) ions supported by phenolate ligands were developed as functional mimics of metallo-beta-lactamase. these complexes were shown to catalytically hydrolyze beta-lactam substrates, such as oxacillin and penicillin g. the dinuclear zinc complex 1, which has a coordinated water molecule, exhibits high beta-lactamase activity, whereas the dinuclear zinc complex 2, which has no water molecules, but labile chloride ligands, shows a much lower activity. th ... | 2006 | 16906495 |
| the bacillus cereus group: novel aspects of population structure and genome dynamics. | to provide new insights into the population and genomic structure of the bacillus cereus group of bacteria. | 2006 | 16907808 |
| characterization of the cereulide nrps alpha-hydroxy acid specifying modules: activation of alpha-keto acids and chiral reduction on the assembly line. | several nonribosomal peptide natural products are composites of alpha-hydroxy acid and alpha-amino acid monomers. cereulide, the emetic toxin from the human pathogen bacillus cereus, and valinomycin, from streptomyces spp., are closely related macrocyclic k+ ionophores. the macrocyclic core of each natural product contains alternating peptide (six) and ester (six) bonds, and their cyclododecadepsipeptide structures consist of a tetradepsipeptide unit repeated three times. here we overexpress the ... | 2006 | 16910662 |
| biocatalytic production of dihydrocoumarin from coumarin by saccharomyces cerevisiae. | natural dihydrocoumarin, which is of great interest in the flavor industry, was biotechnologically produced from pure coumarin or tonka bean meal with pseudomonas orientalis, bacillus cereus, and various saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. coumarin was shown to be converted to melilotic acid, which yielded dihydrocoumarin upon distillation during purification. about 1.0 g/l product was obtained from 25 g/l tonka beans with s. cerevisiae within 147 h. this dihydrocoumarin thus fulfills all of the c ... | 2006 | 16910713 |
| evaluation of chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and a peroxyacetic acid-based sanitizer for effectiveness in killing bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis spores in suspensions, on the surface of stainless steel, and on apples. | chlorine (10 to 200 microg/ml), chlorine dioxide (10 to 200 microg/ml), and a peroxyacetic acid-based sanitizer (40 and 80 microg/ ml) were evaluated for effectiveness in killing spores of bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis in suspensions and on the surface of stainless steel and apples. water and 5% horse serum were used as carriers for spore inoculum applied to the surface of stainless steel coupons, and 5% horse serum was used as a carrier for inoculum applied to apples. inocula were ... | 2006 | 16924915 |
| a selective chromogenic agar that distinguishes bacillus anthracis from bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis. | a selective and differential plating medium, r & f anthracis chromogenic agar (aca), has been developed for isolating and identifying presumptive colonies of bacillus anthracis. aca contains the chromogenic substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-choline phosphate that upon hydrolysis yields teal (blue green) colonies indicating the presence of phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase c (pc-plc) activity. among seven bacillus species tested on aca, only members of the bacillus cereus group (b. an ... | 2006 | 16924932 |
| in vitro studies of the digestion of caprine whey proteins by human gastric and duodenal juice and the effects on selected microorganisms. | the in vitro digestion of caprine whey proteins was investigated by a two-step degradation assay, using human gastric juice (hgj) at ph 2.5 and human duodenal juice (hdj) at ph 7.5. different protein and peptide profiles were observed after the first (hgj) and second (hdj) enzymatic degradation. the minor whey proteins serum albumin, lactoferrin and ig were rapidly degraded by hgj, while alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-la) and beta-lactoglobulin (beta-lg) were more resistant and survived both 30 and 45 ... | 2006 | 16925863 |
| characteristic features of bacillus cereus cell surfaces with biosorption of pb(ii) ions by afm and ft-ir. | in order to elucidate the potential mechanisms involved in the biosorption of metal ions, atomic force microscopy (afm) and fourier transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy were used to characterize the interaction between pb2+ and bacillus cereus. afm imaging of the biomass surfaces exposed to different concentrations of lead ions solution showed a major morphological change occurred after pb2+ biosorption. the ft-ir spectra indicated the binding characteristics of the lead ions involved the car ... | 2006 | 16930957 |