Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| polyphasic approach for identifying bacillus spp. | 2005 | 15695735 | |
| bacillus cereus fur regulates iron metabolism and is required for full virulence. | a homologue of the bacillus subtilis fur gene was identified in bacillus cereus and characterized. the predicted amino acid sequence of the cloned gene was found to be highly similar to other members of the fur family of transcriptional regulators. the b. cereus fur gene was shown to partially complement an escherichia coli fur mutant. purified b. cereus fur bound specifically to a 19 bp dna sequence homologous to the b. subtilis fur box in a metal-dependent manner. analysis of the available b. ... | 2005 | 15699205 |
| fatal bacillus cereus endocarditis masquerading as an anthrax-like infection in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: case report. | a 38-year-old male farm worker with relapsing acute lymphoblastic leukemia spontaneously developed an ulcerating ulcer on his anterior thigh which was surrounded by a non-tender area of erythema. bacillus cereus was isolated from the ulcer and blood, and the patient received intravenous penicillin and vancomycin for one week. when sensitivity studies were returned he was treated with gatifloxacin orally. after two weeks of combined antimicrobial therapy and negative blood cultures, the patient r ... | 2005 | 15700434 |
| fulminant septicemia caused by bacillus cereus following reduced-intensity umbilical cord blood transplantation. | 2005 | 15653460 | |
| specificity and polymorphism of the plcr-papr quorum-sensing system in the bacillus cereus group. | the expression of extracellular virulence factors in various species of the bacillus cereus group is controlled by the plcr and papr genes, which encode a transcriptional regulator and a cell-cell signaling peptide, respectively. a processed form of papr, presumably a pentapeptide, specifically interacts with plcr to facilitate its binding to its dna targets. this activating mechanism is strain specific, with this specificity being determined by the first residue of the pentapeptide. we carried ... | 2005 | 15659693 |
| quantitative analysis of cereulide, an emetic toxin of bacillus cereus, by using rat liver mitochondria. | an emetic toxin cereulide, produced by bacillus cereus, causes emetic food poisonings, but a method for quantitative measurement of cereulide has not been well established. a current detection method is a bioassay method using the hep-2 cell vacuolation test, but it was unable to measure an accurate concentration. we established a quantitative assay for cereulide based on its mitochondrial respiratory uncoupling activity. the oxygen consumption in a reaction medium containing rat liver mitochond ... | 2005 | 15665450 |
| modeling the growth kinetics of bacillus cereus as a function of temperature, ph, sodium lactate and sodium chloride concentrations. | mathematical models describing the growth kinetic parameters (lag phase duration and growth rate) of bacillus cereus as a function of temperature, ph, sodium lactate and sodium chloride concentrations were obtained in this study. in order to get a residual distribution closer to a normal distribution, the natural logarithm of the growth kinetic parameters were used in modeling. for reasons of parsimony, the polynomial models were reduced to contain only the coefficients significant at a level of ... | 2005 | 15681041 |
| production of antimicrobial metabolites by strains of lactobacillus or lactococcus co-cultured with bacillus cereus in milk. | during co-culture of lactobacillus (five strains) or lactococcus (two strains) with bacillus cereus, organic acids and other potentially antimicrobial metabolites are produced. lactic acid was produced at very different rates by the lactic acid bacteria (lab) and the final concentrations varied much, however, the crucial point of rapid ph reduction during the initial hours of fermentation coincides with lactic acid production. moderate amounts of acetic acid were produced during fermentation and ... | 2005 | 15681046 |
| rapid genotypic detection of bacillus anthracis and the bacillus cereus group by multiplex real-time pcr melting curve analysis. | bacillus anthracis has four plasmid possible virulence genotypes: pxo1+/pxo2+, pxo1+/pxo2-, pxo1-/pxo2+ or pxo1-/pxo2-. due to the lack of a specific chromosomal marker for b. anthracis, differentiation of the pxo1-/pxo2- form of b. anthracis from closely related bacillus cereus group species is difficult. in this study, we evaluate the ability of sspe, pxo1 and pxo2 primers to discriminate individual b. anthracis and the b. cereus group genotypes using multiplex real-time pcr and melting curve ... | 2005 | 15681162 |
| synthesis, surface active and antimicrobial properties of new alkyl 2,6-dideoxy-l-arabino-hexopyranosides. | synthesis of alkyl 2,6-dideoxy-l-arabino-hexopyranosides was accomplished by the reaction of 1,5-anhydro-2,6-dideoxy-l-arabino-hex-1-enitol with fatty alcohols in dichloromethane, catalyzed by triphenylphosphine hydrobromide. reaction with octanol and dodecanol gave the corresponding alpha-glycosides in 50% and 42% yield, the beta-glycosides in 20% and 21% yield and the alpha-anomer of the ferrier product in 10% and 9% yield, respectively. deacetylation of the alpha-/beta-glycosides with sodium ... | 2005 | 15639239 |
| identification and partial characterization of the nonribosomal peptide synthetase gene responsible for cereulide production in emetic bacillus cereus. | cereulide, a depsipeptide structurally related to valinomycin, is responsible for the emetic type of gastrointestinal disease caused by bacillus cereus. due to its chemical structure, (d-o-leu-d-ala-l-o-val-l-val)(3), cereulide might be synthesized nonribosomally. therefore, degenerate pcr primers targeted to conserved sequence motifs of known nonribosomal peptide synthetase (nrps) genes were used to amplify gene fragments from a cereulide-producing b. cereus strain. sequence analysis of one of ... | 2005 | 15640177 |
| inactivation of bacterial endospores by photocatalytic nanocomposites. | a novel biocidal photocatalytic nanocomposite, composed of tio(2) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwnts), was synthesized via wet chemistry followed by a heat treatment. uniform anatase coatings on mwnts were successfully obtained with a thickness of a few nanometers. the nanostructure of the composite was determined by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (hrtem) and x-ray diffraction (xrd). the needle-like shape of the nanocomposite provided more than three times higher photocat ... | 2005 | 15642459 |
| penetration pharmacokinetics of topically administered 0.5% moxifloxacin ophthalmic solution in human aqueous and vitreous. | to investigate the penetration of 0.5% moxifloxacin hydrochloride into the aqueous and vitreous after topical administration in humans. | 2005 | 15642810 |
| antibacterial activity and specificity of the six human {alpha}-defensins. | we developed a kinetic, 96-well turbidimetric procedure that is capable of testing the antimicrobial properties of six human alpha-defensins concurrently on a single microplate. the defensins were prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis and tested against gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus and bacillus cereus) and gram-negative bacteria (enterobacter aerogenes and escherichia coli). analysis of the growth curves provided virtual lethal doses (vlds) equivalent to conventional 50% let ... | 2005 | 15616305 |
| phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of bacillus cereus isolates from bangladeshi rice. | we report the first phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of bacillus cereus from bangladeshi rice. seven strains of b. cereus were isolated from two high-yielding rice varieties (br5 and brri dhan28) which are cultivated during different rice-growing seasons in bangladesh. the strains were identified as b. cereus based on colonial and cellular (light microscopic) morphology and were confirmed using the api 50 chb test system and 16s rdna analysis. they could also be distinguished from each ... | 2005 | 15617798 |
| discrimination of pathogenic clinical isolates and laboratory strains of bacillus cereus by nmr-based metabolomic profiling. | six different bacillus cereus strains were selected from two different ecotypes: (1) three commonly used laboratory strains that are considered avirulent, and (2) three clinical isolates from meningitis patients. screening of genomic dna for the presence of genes encoding known toxins gave no candidate genes that were unambiguously able to distinguish between the two groups. however, the application of multivariate pattern-recognition methods to metabolite profiles derived from the different str ... | 2005 | 15621429 |
| heat-stable toxin production by strains of bacillus cereus, bacillus firmus, bacillus megaterium, bacillus simplex and bacillus licheniformis. | strains of bacillus cereus can produce a heat-stable toxin (cereulide). in this study, 101 bacillus strains representing 7 bacillus species were tested for production of heat-stable toxins. strains of b. megaterium, b. firmus and b. simplex were found to produce novel heat-stable toxins, which showed varying levels of toxicity. b. cereus strains (18 out of 54) were positive for toxin production. thirteen were of serovar h1, and it was of interest that some were of clinical origin. two were of se ... | 2005 | 15621453 |
| high-level expression and characterization of two chitinases, chich and chicw, of bacillus cereus 28-9 in escherichia coli. | many chitinase genes have been cloned and sequenced from prokaryotes and eukaryotes but overexpression of chitinases in escherichia coli cells was less reported. chich and chicw of bacillus cereus 28-9 belong to two distinct groups based on their amino acid sequences of catalytic domains, and in addition, domain structures of two enzymes are different. in this study, we established an ideal method for high-level expression of chitinases in e. coli as glutathione-s-transferase fusion proteins usi ... | 2005 | 15629422 |
| emetic toxin formation of bacillus cereus is restricted to a single evolutionary lineage of closely related strains. | an in-depth polyphasic approach was applied to study the population structure of the human pathogen bacillus cereus. to assess the intraspecific biodiversity of this species, which is the causative agent of gastrointestinal diseases, a total of 90 isolates from diverse geographical origin were studied by genetic [m13-pcr, random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd), multilocus sequence typing (mlst)] and phenetic [fourier transform infrared (ftir), protein profiling, biochemical assays] metho ... | 2005 | 15632437 |
| the high-resolution architecture and structural dynamics of bacillus spores. | the capability to image single microbial cell surfaces at nanometer scale under native conditions would profoundly impact mechanistic and structural studies of pathogenesis, immunobiology, environmental resistance, and biotransformation. here, using in vitro atomic force microscopy, we have directly visualized high-resolution native structures of bacterial endospores, including the exosporium and spore coats of four bacillus species in air and water environments. our results demonstrate that the ... | 2005 | 15501940 |
| shape transitions and lattice structuring of ceramide-enriched domains generated by sphingomyelinase in lipid monolayers. | sphingomyelinases (smases) hydrolyze the membrane constituent sphingomyelin (sm) to phosphocholine and ceramide (cer). growing evidence supports that smase-induced sm-->cer conversion leads to the formation of lateral cer-enriched domains which drive structural reorganization in lipid membranes. we previously provided visual evidence in real-time for the formation of cer-enriched domains in sm monolayers through the action of the neutral bacillus cereus smase. in this work, we disclose a success ... | 2005 | 15489298 |
| the composition, geographical variation and antimicrobial activity of lippia javanica (verbenaceae) leaf essential oils. | lippia javanica is widely distributed throughout south africa where it is used extensively in traditional herbal preparations. an infusion of the leaves is commonly used as a decongestant for colds and coughs. a preliminary study indicated that the essential oil chemistry varies dramatically both within and between natural plant populations. as the antimicrobial activity may be directly related to the specific composition of the oil, the activity may also fluctuate. the aerial parts of lippia ja ... | 2005 | 15588679 |
| biologically active traditional medicinal herbs from balochistan, pakistan. | the biological activities of the following four important medicinal plants of balochistan, pakistan were checked; grewia erythraea schwein f. (tiliaceae), hymenocrater sessilifolius fisch. and c.a. mey (lamiaceae), vincetoxicum stocksii ali and khatoon (asclepiadaceae) and zygophyllum fabago l. (zygophyllaceae). the methanolic extracts were fractionated into hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, butanol and water. the antifungal and antibacterial activities of these plants were determined against 1 ... | 2005 | 15588685 |
| bacillus cereus infections in traumatology-orthopaedics department: retrospective investigation and improvement of healthcare practices. | to investigate 41 open fractures infected with bacillus cereus in a traumatology-orthopaedy ward and propose a care protocol at admission. | 2005 | 15603836 |
| bulgecin a: a novel inhibitor of binuclear metallo-beta-lactamases. | bulgecin a, a sulphonated n-acetyl-d-glucosamine unit linked to a 4-hydroxy-5-hydroxymethylproline ring by a beta-glycosidic linkage, is a novel type of inhibitor for binuclear metallo-beta-lactamases. using steady-state kinetic analysis with nitrocefin as the beta-lactam substrate, bulgecin a competitively inhibited the metallo-beta-lactamase bceii from bacillus cereus in its two-zinc form, but failed to inhibit when the enzyme was in the single-zinc form. the competitive inhibition was restore ... | 2005 | 15569001 |
| asymmetric addition of ceramides but not dihydroceramides promotes transbilayer (flip-flop) lipid motion in membranes. | transbilayer lipid motion in membranes may be important in certain physiological events, such as ceramide signaling. in this study, the transbilayer redistribution of lipids induced either by ceramide addition or by enzymatic ceramide generation at one side of the membrane has been monitored using pyrene-labeled phospholipid analogs. when added in organic solution to preformed liposomes, egg ceramide induced transbilayer lipid motion in a dose-dependent way. short-chain (c6 and c2) ceramides wer ... | 2005 | 15465865 |
| synthesis of sphingomyelin sulfur analogue and its behavior toward sphingomyelinase. | the sulfur analogue of sphingomyelin was designed and stereoselectively synthesized from s-benzyl-n-boc-cysteine. the introduction of the phosphoryl choline moiety was successfully achieved by our own method using 2-bromoethyl dimethyl phosphite and carbon tetrabromide followed by a trimethylamine treatment. the synthesized compound proved to be a useful substrate for monitoring the enzyme activity of sphingomyelinase by detecting the liberated thiol group with a thiol-sensitive reagent. | 2005 | 15808485 |
| genomics of the bacillus cereus group of organisms. | members of the bacillus cereus group of organisms include bacillus cereus, bacillus anthracis and bacillus thuringiensis. collectively, these organisms represent microbes of high economic, medical and biodefense importance. given this significance, this group contains the highest number of closely related fully sequenced genomes, giving the unique opportunity for thorough comparative genomic analyses. much of the disease and host specificity of members of this group can be attributed to their pl ... | 2005 | 15808746 |
| molecular recognition of an adp-ribosylating clostridium botulinum c3 exoenzyme by rala gtpase. | c3 exoenzymes (members of the adp-ribosyltranferase family) are produced by clostridium botulinum (c3bot1 and -2), clostridium limosum (c3lim), bacillus cereus (c3cer), and staphylococcus aureus (c3stau1-3). these exoenzymes lack a translocation domain but are known to specifically inactivate rho gtpases in host target cells. here, we report the crystal structure of c3bot1 in complex with rala (a gtpase of the ras subfamily) and gdp at a resolution of 2.66 a. rala is not adp-ribosylated by c3 ex ... | 2005 | 15809419 |
| clinical significance of bacteriologic screening in platelet concentrates. | despite routine bacterial screening with a bacterial culturing system (bact/alert, biomerieux) of platelet (plt) concentrates, two cases of life-threatening sepsis attributed to transfused plt products contaminated with bacillus cereus were reported to the regional hemovigilance office in the southwest region of the netherlands. these reports necessitated a retrospective evaluation of the currently applied bacteriologic screening program. | 2005 | 15819671 |
| an assessment of pasteurization treatment of water, media, and milk with respect to bacillus spores. | this study evaluated the ability of spore-forming bacillus spp. to resist milk pasteurization conditions from 72 to 150 degrees c. spores from the avirulent surrogate sterne strain of bacillus anthracis, as well as a representative strain of a common milk contaminant that is also a pathogen, bacillus cereus atcc 9818, were heated at test temperatures for up to 90 min in dh2o, brain heart infusion broth, or skim milk. in skim milk, characteristic log reductions (log cfu per milliliter) for b. ant ... | 2005 | 15830666 |
| the role of sigmab in the stress response of gram-positive bacteria -- targets for food preservation and safety. | the alternative sigma factor sigmab modulates the stress response of several gram-positive bacteria, including bacillus subtilis and the food-borne human pathogens bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcus aureus. in all these bacteria, sigmab is responsible for the transcription of genes that can confer stress resistance to the vegetative cell. recent findings indicate that sigmab also plays an important role in antibiotic resistance, pathogenesis and cellular differentiation p ... | 2005 | 15831390 |
| transfer and expression of the mosquitocidal plasmid pbtoxis in bacillus cereus group strains. | the toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis to dipteran larvae (mosquitoes and black flies) depends on the presence of the pbtoxis plasmid. in this paper, two antibiotic resistance tagged pbtoxis were transferred by conjugation to other bacillus cereus group strains. among 15 potential recipients, only a lepidopteran active b. thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki and a b. cereus strain received the plasmid pbtoxis with a low transfer rate of about 10(-8) transconjugants/recipient. the ... | 2005 | 15837378 |
| plasmid-encoded regulator of extracellular proteases in bacillus anthracis. | bacillus anthracis sterne cured of the pxo1 plasmid had enhanced secreted protease activity during the postexponential phase but no change in hemolytic or lecithinase activities. a zymogen profile revealed at least six proteases, including serine, metal, and perhaps cysteine types. there were similar amounts of protease secreted by the closely related species bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis, but the patterns differed. among the pxo1 plasmid-encoded proteins, there is a tetratricopepti ... | 2005 | 15838040 |
| biodegradation of imazapyr by free cells of pseudomonas fluorescene biotype ii and bacillus cereus isolated from soil. | 2005 | 15841977 | |
| production and purification of a calcium-dependent protease from bacillus cereus bg1. | the production and purification of a calcium-dependent protease by bacillus cereus bg1 were studied. the production of the protease was found to depend specifically on the calcium concentration in the culture medium. this suggests that this metal ion is essential for the induction of protease production and/or stabilisation of the enzyme after synthesis. the calcium requirement is highly specific since other metal ions (such as mg(2+) and ba(2+), which both activate the enzyme) are not able to i ... | 2005 | 15843974 |
| grafted thermo- and ph responsive co-polymers: surface-properties and bacterial adsorption. | a series of responsive polymers displaying ph and temperature-mediated phase changes were prepared from n-isopropylacrylamide and omega-carboxylic acid functionalised acrylamides. these polymers were grafted to surfaces and their characteristics probed by atomic force microscopy in aqueous solutions. the effects of ph and temperature induced phase transitions on the short-term adsorption of the bacteria salmonella typhimurium and bacillus cereus from pure cultures were assessed. contact angle st ... | 2005 | 15847993 |
| tnxo1, a germination-associated class ii transposon from bacillus anthracis. | bacillus anthracis harbours two virulence plasmids, pxo1 (182 kb) and pxo2 (95 kb). whereas pxo2 harbours the cap operon coding for the capsule, pxo1 contains the pag, lef, and cya genes coding for protective antigen, lethal, and oedema factors, respectively, as well as the atxa regulatory gene. these genes are located within a 44.8 kb long pathogenicity island flanked by insertion sequences. here, we describe the presence in the same plasmid region of an 8679 bp genetic element displaying the s ... | 2005 | 15848228 |
| use of fatty acid profiles to identify food-borne bacterial pathogens and aerobic endospore-forming bacilli. | capillary gas chromatography (gc) with flame ionization detection was used to determine the cellular fatty acid profiles of various food-borne microbial pathogens and to compare the fatty acid profiles of spores and vegetative cells of the same endospore-forming bacilli. fifteen bacteria, representing eight genera (staphylococcus, listeria, bacillus, yersinia, salmonella, shigella, escherichia, and vibrio) and 11 species were used to compare the extracted fatty acid methyl esters (fames). endosp ... | 2005 | 15853428 |
| antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from tenerife cheese: initial characterization of plantaricin tf711, a bacteriocin-like substance produced by lactobacillus plantarum tf711. | the screening and initial characterization of bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria (lab) from raw tenerife goats' cheese with possible application as biopreservatives or ripening accelerators for tenerife cheese. | 2005 | 15960667 |
| aerosolization as novel sanitizer delivery system to reduce food-borne pathogens. | as a preliminary experiment on new sanitizer delivery tools, the efficacy of aerosolized sanitizer on food-borne pathogens was investigated in larger model chamber system. | 2005 | 15960753 |
| peptidoglycan n-acetylglucosamine deacetylases from bacillus cereus, highly conserved proteins in bacillus anthracis. | the genomes of bacillus cereus and its closest relative bacillus anthracis contain 10 polysaccharide deacetylase homologues. six of these homologues have been proposed to be peptidoglycan n-acetylglucosamine deacetylases. two of these genes, namely bc1960 and bc3618, have been cloned and expressed in escherichia coli, and the recombinant enzymes have been purified to homogeneity and further characterized. both enzymes were effective in deacetylating cell wall peptidoglycan from the gram(+) bacil ... | 2005 | 15961396 |
| rare trisubstituted sesquiterpenes daucanes from the wild daucus carota. | phytochemical and biological investigation of the roots of the wild daucus carota ssp. carota afforded three new and four known compounds, including four sesquiterpenes daucane esters (1-3 [new], and 4), one polyacetylene (5), one sesquiterpene coumarin (6), and sitosterol glucoside. the structures of the new compounds were determined by comprehensive nmr studies, including dept, cosy, noesy, hmqc and hmbc analyses. based on an agar diffusion assay, 1, 2 and 4-6 were screened and found to contai ... | 2005 | 15964039 |
| in-vitro antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic properties of sulfonamide--derived schiff's bases and their metal complexes. | a series of new antibacterial and antifungal schiff's bases derived from sulfonamides, as well as their transition metal complexes incorporating cobalt (ii), copper (ii), nickel (ii) and zinc (ii) were synthesized, characterized and screened for their in-vitro antibacterial activity against six gram-negative (escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella typhi and shigella dysentriae) and four gram-positive (bacillus cereus, corynebacterium diphth ... | 2005 | 15968823 |
| in-house validation of the bactec 9240 blood culture system for detection of bacterial contamination in platelet concentrates. | at present, only two commercially available automated culture systems are cleared by the fda for the purpose of quality control (qc) testing for bacterial contamination of platelet (plt) concentrates: the bact/alert blood culture system (biomérieux) and the pall ebds (pall corporation), both of which allow testing of leukoreduced apheresis as well as whole blood-derived plts. after the decision of the aabb to institute universal qc testing of plt concentrates for evidence of bacterial contaminat ... | 2005 | 15987359 |
| [identification of psychrotrophs syp-a2-3 producing cold-adapted protease from the no. 1 glacier of china and study on its fermentation conditions]. | the psychrotrophs syp-a2-3 producing the cold-adapted protease has been isolated from the bacterial samples collected from the no. 1 glacier of china and identified as bacillus cereus according to its morphological and physiochemical characteristics and 16s rdna gene sequence analysis. it could grow between 0 degree c and 38 degrees c while its optimal growth temperature was 25 degrees c and the optimal temperature for its protease production was 15 degrees c. the cold-adapted protease was ident ... | 2005 | 15989272 |
| effect of the implementation of haccp on the microbiological quality of meals at a university restaurant. | a study was conducted to evaluate the microbiological quality, including total mesophilic counts and markers of bacteriological hygiene, as indicator of food safety of three categories of the most consumed meals in a university restaurant, before and after implementation of the haccp system and personnel training. cold gastronomy products, cooked warm-served products, and cooked cold-served products were tested for bacterial contamination. throughout the experiment, 894 samples were examined for ... | 2005 | 15992308 |
| antagonistic activity against salmonella infection in vitro and in vivo for two lactobacillus strains from swine and poultry. | in this study, we isolated two lactobacillus strains, i.e., strain lap5 and lf33, from swine and poultry, respectively, and showed that both strains were acid as well as bile tolerant and were able to adhere to the cultured human intestinal cell lines, such as int-407 and caco-2 cells, and to the intestinal epithelium cells isolated from swine, poultry and mouse (balb/c). both of these lab strains were shown to inhibit the growth of escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, staphylococcus aureus ... | 2005 | 15992617 |
| cases of emesis associated with bacterial contamination of an infant breakfast cereal product. | a commercial product for infants containing cereal mixed with dried infant formula was diagnosed as producing rapid projectile vomiting in two infants. analysis of multiple samples of the cereal product revealed significant contamination with two spore-forming species, bacillus subtilis and a strain of bacillus cereus. the latter is the most likely cause of the emetic food poisoning, but we were unable to detect b. cereus emetic toxin. this raises the possibility of the cause being either a new ... | 2005 | 15992624 |
| characterization of calcium-activated bifunctional peptidase of the psychrotrophic bacillus cereus. | the protease purified from bacillus cereus jh108 has the function of leucine specific endopeptidase. when measured by hydrolysis of synthetic substrate (n-succinyl-ala-ala-pro-leu-p-nitroanilide), the enzyme activity exhibited optimal activity at ph 9.0, 60 degrees c. the endopeptidase activity was stimulated by ca++, co++, mn++, mg++, and ni++, and was inhibited by metal chelating agents such as edta, 1,10-phenanthroline, and egta. addition of serine protease inhibitor, pmsf, resulted in the el ... | 2005 | 15995640 |
| the cereulide genetic determinants of emetic bacillus cereus are plasmid-borne. | 2005 | 16000702 | |
| effect of boiling and roasting on the fermentation of soybeans into dawadawa (soy-dawadawa). | soybeans which had initially been dehulled by either boiling (boiled/dehulled) or roasting (roasted/dehulled) before peeling, were cooked and fermented into dawadawa, a traditional food condiment. the micropopulation, enzymatic activities, proximate composition, amino acid, and aroma profiles of the two types of soybean dawadawa were evaluated during fermentation. only minor differences were found in the microbial profiles of the two types of soy-dawadawa. although boiled/dehulled soy-dawadawa i ... | 2005 | 16002169 |
| the possibility of discriminating within the bacillus cereus group using gyrb sequencing and pcr-rflp. | based on a combination of pcr and restriction endonuclease (re) digestion (pcr-re digestion), we have examined the possibility of differentiating members of the bacillus cereus group. fragments of the gyrb gene (362 bp) from pure cultures of 12 b. cereus, 25 b. thuringiensis, 25 b. mycoides and two b. anthracis strains were amplified and subsequently digested with sau3a1. furthermore, a majority of the amplicons were sequenced directly to verify the pcr-re results. the results obtained suggest t ... | 2005 | 16005534 |
| systematic determination of the mosaic structure of bacterial genomes: species backbone versus strain-specific loops. | public databases now contain multitude of complete bacterial genomes, including several genomes of the same species. the available data offers new opportunities to address questions about bacterial genome evolution, a task that requires reliable fine comparison data of closely related genomes. recent analyses have shown, using pairwise whole genome alignments, that it is possible to segment bacterial genomes into a common conserved backbone and strain-specific sequences called loops. | 2005 | 16011797 |
| effect of heat treatment of milk on activation of bacillus spores. | the quality and shelf life of fluid milk products are dependent on the amount and type of microorganisms present following pasteurization. this study evaluated the effects of different pasteurization processes on the microbial populations in fluid milk. the objective was to determine whether certain pasteurization processes lead to an increase in the amount of bacteria present in pasteurized milk by activating bacillus spores. samples of raw milk were collected on the day of arrival at the dairy ... | 2005 | 16013392 |
| [expression and bioactive characterization of bacteriophage lysin gene of bacillus anthracis in escherichia coli]. | the lysin gene of bacillus anthracis-diagnosing bacteriophage, obtained by pcr amplification,was cloned into the escherichia coli exepression vector pet22b which has been cleaved by ecor i and nde i. the recombinant vector pet22b-gamma lysin was verified to be correctly constructed by pcr, sequencing and enzyme digestion, and highly expressed in e. coli bl21 (de3), which accounted for about 40 percent of total protein in e. coli bl21 (de3), while in the 5l fermentor the expression level reached ... | 2005 | 16013478 |
| [multiplex amplification test system for the identification and differentiation of bacillus anthracis]. | the multiplex amplification test system for the identification of bacillus anthracis with primers to plasmid cya (px01), capc (px02) genes and chromosomal sap gene were developed. the primers to sap gene were selected by the authors and, after being tested on 72 microbial strains of the genus bacillus, proposed as more specific in comparison with the known primers to chromosomal locus ba 813. the proposed test system permitted the simultaneous identification of b. anthracis of all plasmid varian ... | 2005 | 16028518 |
| contribution of exsfa and exsfb proteins to the localization of bcla on the spore surface and to the stability of the bacillus anthracis exosporium. | spores of bacillus anthracis, the etiological agent of anthrax, and the closely related species bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis, possess an exosporium, which is the outermost structure surrounding the mature spore. it consists of a paracrystalline basal layer and a hair-like outer layer. to date, the structural contribution of only one exosporium component, the collagen-like glycoprotein bcla, has been described. it is the structural component of the hair-like filaments. here, we desc ... | 2005 | 16030205 |
| unusual group ii introns in bacteria of the bacillus cereus group. | a combination of sequence and structure analysis and reverse transcriptase pcr experiments was used to characterize the group ii introns in the complete genomes of two strains of the pathogen bacillus cereus. while b. cereus atcc 14579 harbors a single intron element in the chromosome, b. cereus atcc 10987 contains three introns in the chromosome and four in its 208-kb pbc10987 plasmid. the most striking finding is the presence in b. cereus atcc 10987 of an intron [b.c.i2(a)] located on the reve ... | 2005 | 16030238 |
| biodegradation of imazapyr in typical soils in zhejiang province, china. | the degradation of imazapyr in non-sterile and sterile soils from four sampling sites in zhejiang, china was studied. the results showed that the half-lives of imazapyr in non-sterile soils were in the range of 30 to 45 d, while 81 to 133 d in sterile (by autoclaving) soils. it means the rate constants of imazapyr under non-sterile conditions were 2.3-4.4 times faster than that under sterile (by autoclaving) conditions, evidently indicating that the indigenous microorganisms in soil play an impo ... | 2005 | 16158586 |
| investigations on anti-aspergillus properties of bacterial products. | to investigate the anti-aspergillus properties of bacterial products. | 2005 | 16162136 |
| naphthalene degradation and biosurfactant activity by bacillus cereus 28bn. | biosurfactant activity and naphthalene degradation by a new strain identified as bacillus cereus 28bn were studied. the strain grew well and produced effective biosurfactants in the presence of n-alkanes, naphthalene, crude oil and vegetable oils. the biosurfactants were detected by the surface tension lowering of the medium, thin layer chromatography and infrared spectra analysis. with (2%) naphthalene as the sole carbon source, high levels of rhamnolipids at a concentration of 2.3 g 1(-1) were ... | 2005 | 16163832 |
| identification of the bacillus anthracis (gamma) phage receptor. | bacillus anthracis, a gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium, is the etiological agent of anthrax. it belongs to the bacillus cereus group, which also contains bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis. most b. anthracis strains are sensitive to phage gamma, but most b. cereus and b. thuringiensis strains are resistant to the lytic action of phage gamma. here, we report the identification of a protein involved in the bacterial receptor for the gamma phage, which we term gamr (gamma phage recept ... | 2005 | 16166537 |
| a comparative study of bacillus cereus, bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus anthracis extracellular proteomes. | bacillus cereus, bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus anthracis are closely related species that share a similar genetic background but occupy different ecological niches. virulence plasmids bearing genes coding for toxins, may explain, at least partly, this specialization. we have compared by 2-de in the early stationary phase of growth the extracellular proteomes of three strains of these species that have lost their virulence plasmids. proteins expected to be secreted or to belong to the cell ... | 2005 | 16167365 |
| characterization of microorganisms in argentinean honeys from different sources. | seventy polyfloral honeys including commercial samples obtained from supermarkets, harvested from apiaries and purchased in bulk were initially examined for total antibacterial activity. from each sample, numbers of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, total coliforms, moulds and yeasts were determined and the presence of salmonella spp., shigella spp., clostridium sulfite-reducers, paenibacillus larvae and bacillus spp. was investigated. moisture content, ph and total acidity were also determined for a ... | 2005 | 16169624 |
| deletion of sigb in bacillus cereus affects spore properties. | in bacillus cereus and other gram-positive bacteria the alternative sigma factor sigma(b) is an important regulator of the stress response. deletion of the sigb gene generally leads to a stress-sensitive phenotype of vegetative cells. in this study, we describe the effect of the deletion of the sigb gene in b. cereus on spore properties. in particular, spores of the sigb deletion mutant showed a defect in germination upon exposure to the germinants alanine and inosine. | 2005 | 16171954 |
| mimicking natural evolution in metallo-beta-lactamases through second-shell ligand mutations. | metallo-beta-lactamases (mbls) represent the latest generation of beta-lactamases. the structural diversity and broad substrate profile of mbls allow them to confer resistance to most beta-lactam antibiotics. to explore the evolutionary potential of these enzymes, we have subjected the bacillus cereus mbl (bcii) to a directed evolution scheme, which resulted in an increased hydrolytic efficiency toward cephalexin. a systematic study of the hydrolytic profile, substrate binding, and active-site f ... | 2005 | 16172409 |
| prevalence of enterotoxigenic bacillus cereus and its enterotoxins in milk and milk products in and around nairobi. | to determine the prevalence of enterotoxigenic bacillus cereus (b. cereus) and enterotoxins in milk and milk products. | 2005 | 16175777 |
| [microbiologic evaluation of enteral diets handled in a hospital]. | to evaluate the microbiological quality of open enteral feeding system manipulated in a specialized hospital in oncology in the city of natal-rn. | 2005 | 16186972 |
| recurrent bacteraemia by 2 different bacillus cereus strains related to 2 distinct central venous catheters. | a 14-y-old girl with osteosarcoma developed 3 episodes of catheter-related bacteraemia by bacillus cereus. after removal of the first and insertion of a second hickman catheter, further episodes of b. cereus bacteraemia occurred. pfge analysis revealed that bacteraemic episodes related to each catheter were caused by a distinct b. cereus strain. | 2005 | 16191899 |
| bacillus cereus dna topoisomerase i and iiialpha: purification, characterization and complementation of escherichia coli topoiii activity. | the bacillus cereus genome possesses three type ia topoisomerase genes. these genes, encoding dna topoisomerase i and iiialpha (bctopo i, bctopo iiialpha), have been cloned into t7 rna polymerase-regulated plasmid expression vectors and the enzymes have been overexpressed, purified and characterized. the proteins exhibit similar biochemical activity to their escherichia coli counterparts, dna topoisomerase i and iii (ectopo i, ectopo iii). bctopo i is capable of efficiently relaxing negatively s ... | 2005 | 16192570 |
| cereulide-producing strains of bacillus cereus show diversity. | producers of cereulide, the emetic toxin of bacillus cereus, are known to constitute a specific subset within this species. we investigated physiological and genetic properties of 24 strains of b. cereus including two high cereulide producers (600-1,800 ng cereulide mg(-1) wet weight biomass), seven average producers (180-600 ng cereulide mg(-1) wet weight biomass), four low cereulide producers (20-160 ng cereulide mg(-1) wet weight biomass) and 11 non-producers representing isolates from food, ... | 2005 | 16195898 |
| microbiological survey of prepackaged pâté and ham in new zealand. | to gauge the effectiveness of pâté and ham manufacturers' management of the microbial safety and quality of their products. | 2005 | 16033505 |
| diversity of biosurfactant producing microorganisms isolated from soils contaminated with diesel oil. | biosurfactant production is a desirable property of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms (hdm). we characterized biosurfactant producing microbial populations from a long beach soil, california (usa) and a hong kong soil (china), contaminated with diesel oil. a total of 33 hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms were isolated from the soils. twelve isolates and three defined consortia were tested for biosurfactant production and emulsification activity. the highest reduction of surface tension was ... | 2005 | 16035236 |
| insights into the genetic organization of the bacillus mycoides cryptic plasmids pdx14.2 and psin9.7 deduced from their complete nucleotide sequence. | bacillus mycoides, a member of the bacillus cereus group of bacteria, can be easily distinguished from close species because of colony shape, made by filaments of cells, resembling fungal hyphae, curving clock- or counterclockwise depending on the strain. two plasmids, one from a strain curving to the right (pdx14.2), the other from a strain curving to the left (psin9.7), were sequenced and analyzed for gene content and replication mode. rolling-circle replication modules and mobilization protei ... | 2005 | 16040120 |
| isolation of cupanioside, a novel cytotoxic and antibacterial long-chain fatty alcohol glycoside from the bark of cupania glabra. | the crude dichloromethane extract from the stem bark of cupania glabra (sapindaceae), showed in vitro cytotoxic activity against hep g2, mda-mb-231, hs 578t, mcf-7, and pc-3 cells, and antibacterial activity against bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, and escherichia coli. bioactivity-directed fractionation led to isolation of the new 1-o-[2'',3'',4''-tri-o-acetyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta- d-glucopyranosyl]-hexadecanol (cupanioside) as the cytotoxic agent. the structure was eluci ... | 2005 | 16041658 |
| x-ray structure of the r69d phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c enzyme: insight into the role of calcium and surrounding amino acids in active site geometry and catalysis. | phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase cs (plcs) are a family of phosphodiesterases that catalyze the cleavage of the p-o bond via transesterification using the internal hydroxyl group of the substrate as a nucleophile, generating the five-membered cyclic inositol phosphate as an intermediate or product. to better understand the role of calcium in the catalytic mechanism of plcs, we have determined the x-ray crystal structure of an engineered plc enzyme from bacillus thuringiensis to 2.1 a ... | 2005 | 16042375 |
| conjugative plasmid paw63 brings new insights into the genesis of the bacillus anthracis virulence plasmid pxo2 and of the bacillus thuringiensis plasmid pbt9727. | bacillus cereus, bacillus anthracis and bacillus thuringiensis belong to the genetically close-knit bacillus cereus sensu lato group, a family of rod-shaped gram-positive bacteria. paw63 is the first conjugative plasmid from the b. cereus group to be completely sequenced. | 2005 | 16042811 |
| occurrence and significance of bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis in ready-to-eat food. | among 48,901 samples of ready-to-eat food products at the danish retail market, 0.5% had counts of bacillus cereus-like bacteria above 10(4) cfu g(-1). the high counts were most frequently found in starchy, cooked products, but also in fresh cucumbers and tomatoes. forty randomly selected strains had at least one gene or component involved in human diarrhoeal disease, while emetic toxin was related to only one b. cereus strain. a new observation was that 31 out of the 40 randomly selected b. cer ... | 2005 | 16043311 |
| enhanced photocatalytic inactivation of bacterial spores on surfaces in air. | tio(2) photocatalysis with ultraviolet (uv-a) light has proven to be a highly effective process for complete inactivation of airborne microbes. however, the overall efficiency of the technology needs to be improved to make it more attractive as a defense against bio-terrorism. the present research investigates the enhancement in the rate of destruction of bacterial spores on metal (aluminum) and fabric (polyester) substrates with metal (silver)-doped titanium dioxide and compares it to conventio ... | 2005 | 16044291 |
| structure analysis of peptide deformylase from bacillus cereus. | 2005 | 16049914 | |
| soft tissue infections caused by spore-forming bacteria in injecting drug users in the united kingdom. | from 2000 to may 2004 there has been a marked increase in illness resulting from spore-forming bacteria in injecting heroin users in the united kingdom. clostridium novyi caused 63 cases of severe illness in 2000 and seven further cases from 2001. wound botulism first occurred in 2000 (six cases) with 51 further cases to march 2004. tetanus occurred in 20 cases between late 2003 and march 2004. infections with c. histolyticum (nine cases), c. sordellii (one case) and bacillus cereus (one case) w ... | 2005 | 16050501 |
| antibacterial activity of cerein 8a, a bacteriocin-like peptide produced by bacillus cereus. | the mode of action of cerein 8a, a bacteriocin produced by the soil bacterium bacillus cereus 8a, was investigated. the effect of cerein 8a was tested against listeria monocytogenes and a bactericidal effect at 400 arbitrary units (au)/ml was observed. in addition, cerein 8a was bactericidal against bacillus cereus at 200 au/ml, and inhibited the growth of escherichia coli and salmonella enteritidis. stronger inhibition of these gram-negative bacteria was achieved when the chelating agent edta w ... | 2005 | 16052461 |
| quantifying the combined effects of the heating time, the temperature and the recovery medium ph on the regrowth lag time of bacillus cereus spores after a heat treatment. | the purpose of this study was to quantify the lag time of re-growth of heated spores of bacillus cereus as a function of the conditions of the heat treatment: temperature, duration and ph of the recovery medium. for a given heating temperature, curves plotting lag times versus time of heating show more or less complex patterns. however, under a heating time corresponding to a decrease of 2 decimal logarithms of the surviving populations of spores, a linear relationship between the lag time of gr ... | 2005 | 16055220 |
| stationary-phase expression and aminoacylation of a transfer-rna-like small rna. | genome-scale analyses have shown numerous functional duplications in the canonical translational machinery. one of the most striking examples is the occurrence of unrelated class i and class ii lysyl-transfer rna synthetases (lysrs), which together may aminoacylate non-canonical trnas. we show that, in bacillus cereus, the two lysrss together aminoacylate a small rna of unknown function named trna(other), and that the aminoacylated product stably binds translation elongation factor tu. in vitro ... | 2005 | 16065067 |
| phylogenetic analysis of pasteuria penetrans by use of multiple genetic loci. | pasteuria penetrans is a gram-positive, endospore-forming eubacterium that apparently is a member of the bacillus-clostridium clade. it is an obligate parasite of root knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) and preferentially grows on the developing ovaries, inhibiting reproduction. root knot nematodes are devastating root pests of economically important crop plants and are difficult to control. consequently, p. penetrans has long been recognized as a potential biocontrol agent for root knot nematode ... | 2005 | 16077116 |
| analysis of the role of rsbv, rsbw, and rsby in regulating {sigma}b activity in bacillus cereus. | the alternative sigma factor sigma(b) is an important regulator of the stress response of bacillus cereus. here, the role of the regulatory proteins rsbv, rsbw, and rsby in regulating sigma(b) activity in b. cereus is analyzed. functional characterization of rsbv and rsbw showed that they act as an anti-sigma factor antagonist and an anti-sigma factor, respectively. rsbw can also act as a kinase on rsbv. these data are in line with earlier functional characterizations of rsbv and rsbw homologs i ... | 2005 | 16077134 |
| phenotypic and genotypic comparisons reveal a broad distribution and heterogeneity of hemolysin bl genes among bacillus cereus isolates. | the presence of hemolysin bl (hbl; components l(2), l(1), and b)-encoding genes (hblc, hbld, and hbla) from 339 bacillus cereus strains isolated in thailand was determined. pcr analysis showed that all three hbl genes were detected in 222 strains (65.5%). two, one or no hbl genes were detected in 3 (0.9%), 6 (1.8%), and 108 (31.8%) strains, respectively. among the 222 strains in which all three hbl genes were detected, 210 (61.9%) displayed discontinuous hemolysis (dh) characteristic of hbl prod ... | 2005 | 16081178 |
| fatal family outbreak of bacillus cereus-associated food poisoning. | bacillus cereus is a well-known cause of food-borne illness, but infection with this organism is not commonly reported because of its usually mild symptoms. a fatal case due to liver failure after the consumption of pasta salad is described and demonstrates the possible severity of the emetic syndrome. | 2005 | 16082000 |
| influence of controlled lactic fermentation on growth and sporulation of bacillus cereus in milk. | the growth and sporulation of bacillus cereus nvh 45 in a fermentor with controlled ph or simulated ph conditions were investigated. the study was carried out in a fermentor to measure the influence of a rapid and a slow lactic acid production on the inhibition of b. cereus in a controlled environment during the initial part of fermentation and to observe if other factors than lactic acid influenced the inhibition. in the controlled ph experiments the ph was allowed to decrease to an end ph 5.0, ... | 2005 | 16084267 |
| aerobic nitrification-denitrification by heterotrophic bacillus strains. | twenty-four bacillus strains predominantly outgrown in a night soil treatment system were isolated and characterized. under various culture conditions, cell interactions took place among them and cell population changed. maximum removal of nh4+-n and cell production by the isolates occurred under the conditions of 30% do and c/n ratio of 8. five dominant isolates were identified to be species of bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis with similarities of 78-94%. additions ... | 2005 | 16084369 |
| architecture and high-resolution structure of bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus cereus spore coat surfaces. | we have utilized atomic force microscopy (afm) to visualize the native surface topography and ultrastructure of bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus cereus spores in water and in air. afm was able to resolve the nanostructure of the exosporium and three distinctive classes of appendages. removal of the exosporium exposed either a hexagonal honeycomb layer (b. thuringiensis) or a rodlet outer spore coat layer (b. cereus). removal of the rodlet structure from b. cereus spores revealed an underlying ... | 2005 | 16089397 |
| characterization of aerobic and anaerobic vegetative growth of the food-borne pathogen bacillus cereus f4430/73 strain. | the gram-positive bacterium bacillus cereus is a facultative anaerobe that is still poorly characterized metabolically. in this study, the aerobic vegetative growth and anaerobic vegetative growth of the food-borne pathogen b. cereus f4430/73 strain were compared with those of the genome-sequenced atcc14579 strain using glucose and glycerol as fermentative and nonfermentative carbon sources, respectively. uncontrolled batch cultures on several defined media showed that b. cereus strains had high ... | 2005 | 16091773 |
| optical levitation and manipulation of stuck particles with pulsed optical tweezers. | we report on optical levitation and manipulation of microscopic particles that are stuck on a glass surface with pulsed optical tweezers. an infrared pulse laser at 1.06 microm was used to generate a large gradient force (up to 10(-9) n) within a short duration (approximately 45 micros) that overcomes the adhesive interaction between the particles and the glass surface. then a low-power continuous-wave diode laser at 785 nm was used to capture and manipulate the levitated particle. we have demon ... | 2005 | 16092349 |
| the assessment of biological activities associated with the major constituents of the methanol extract of 'wild carrot' (daucus carota l) seeds. | daucus carota l. (family: apiaceae alt. umbelliferae), commonly known as 'wild carrot' or 'queen anne's-lace,' is an ecologically invasive erect biennial naturalized to scotland. the ethnobotanical uses of this species include applications in the treatment of cough, diarrhea, dysentery, cancer, malaria and tumors, and as an antiseptic, abortifacient, aphrodisiac, carminative, stimulant, stomachic and tonic. the major constituents isolated from the methanol extract of d. carota seeds by reversed- ... | 2005 | 16093236 |
| enterocin as-48rj: a variant of enterocin as-48 chromosomally encoded by enterococcus faecium rj16 isolated from food. | the bacteriocinogenic strain rj16 isolated from goat cheese has been identified as enterococcusfaecium by species-specific pcr, dna-rrna hybridization and rdna sequencing. purified bacteriocin from strain rj16 is a carboxypeptidase a-resistant peptide with a molecular mass (7125 da) very close to the cyclic peptide enterocin as-48. bacteriocin from strain rj16 and as-48 show identical antibacterial spectra, although the former is slightly less active on strains of listeria monocytogenes and baci ... | 2005 | 16094865 |
| fluorescein-labeled beta-lactamase mutant for high-throughput screening of bacterial beta-lactamases against beta-lactam antibiotics. | the increasing emergence of new bacterial beta-lactamases that can efficiently hydrolyze beta-lactam antibiotics to clinically inactive carboxylic acids has created an intractable problem in the treatment of bacterial infections, and it is highly desirable to develop a useful tool that can rapidly screen bacteria for beta-lactamases against a variety of antibiotic candidates in a high-throughput manner. this paper describes the use of a fluorescein-labeled beta-lactamase mutant (e166cf) as a con ... | 2005 | 16097768 |
| the inha1 metalloprotease allows spores of the b. cereus group to escape macrophages. | bacteria of the bacillus cereus group are resistant to the immune systems of various hosts and establish potent infections, implying that bacteria circumvent the bactericidal activity of host phagocytic cells. we investigated the fate of bacillus spores after their internalization by macrophages. we found that these spores survive and escape from macrophages, and that the bacterial metalloprotease inha1, the major component of the exosporium, is essential for efficient spore release from macroph ... | 2005 | 16098222 |
| comparative genome analysis of bacillus cereus group genomes with bacillus subtilis. | genome features of the bacillus cereus group genomes (representative strains of bacillus cereus, bacillus anthracis and bacillus thuringiensis sub spp. israelensis) were analyzed and compared with the bacillus subtilis genome. a core set of 1381 protein families among the four bacillus genomes, with an additional set of 933 families common to the b. cereus group, was identified. differences in signal transduction pathways, membrane transporters, cell surface structures, cell wall, and s-layer pr ... | 2005 | 16099605 |
| characterization of a 3944 da bacteriocin, produced by enterococcus mundtii st15, with activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. | strain st15, isolated from soy beans, and identified as enterococcus mundtii, produces a 3944 da bacteriocin that inhibits the growth of lactobacillus sakei, enterococcus faecalis, bacillus cereus, propionibacterium sp., clostridium tyrobutyricum, acinetobacter baumanii, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus caprinus. bacteriocin st15 is inactivated by proteinase k, pronase, pepsin, protease and triton x-114, but not when ... | 2005 | 16102864 |