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induction of siha cells apoptosis by nanometer realgar suspension and its mechanism.the effects of nanometer realgar suspension on proliferation and apoptosis of human uterine cervix cancer cell line siha cells and oncogenic genes hpv16e6/e7 were investigated. a "micro-jet efflux" strategy was used for the preparation of nanometer realgar suspension. siha cells were treated with nanometer realgar suspension in various concentrations (6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/l) for different durations (12, 24, 48 and 72 h). the inhibitive effect of nanometer realgar suspension on growth of siha ...200818563332
recent advances in management of genital ulcer disease and anogenital warts.genital ulcer disease (gud) constitutes a major public health problem. most of them are the result of sexually transmitted diseases. genital herpes, syphilis, lymphogranuloma venereum, granuloma venereum, or chancroid are the commonly encountered gud. the treatment modalities for these disorders have changed with advent and use of drugs such as azithromycin. the treatment modalities differ in patients with hiv disease. further vaccines for herpes genitalis and human papilloma virus has opened ne ...200818564250
silencing of e7 oncogene restores functional e-cadherin expression in human papillomavirus 16-transformed keratinocytes.human papillomavirus (hpv) infection, particularly type 16, is causally associated with cancer of the uterine cervix. the persistence or progression of cervical lesions suggests that viral antigens are not adequately presented to the immune system. this hypothesis is reinforced by the observation that most squamous intra-epithelial lesions show quantitative and functional alterations of langerhans cells (lcs). moreover, e-cadherin-dependent adhesion of lc to keratinocytes (kcs) is defective in c ...200818566017
cervical cancer prevention and the millennium development goals.the advent of new technologies such as the human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccine and hpv dna tests--along with new insights into the appropriate use of low-resource technologies such as visual inspection of the cervix and treatment of cervical lesions with cryotherapy--have increased optimism about the potential for effective disease control in low-resource settings. nevertheless, it is also important to ask ourselves how new health initiatives contribute, or fail to contribute, to major global und ...200818568279
opportunity was missed in choice of cervical cancer vaccine, health campaigners say. 200818573857
[expression of metastasis suppressor gene kai1 in cervical carcinoma and infections of hpv16 e6, e7 and hpv18 e6/e7].to investigate the expression of metastasis suppressor gene kai1 in cervical carcinoma and the impact of human papillomavirus 16 e6, e7, 18 e6/e7 infection on the expression of kai1.200818575327
cigb-300, a novel proapoptotic peptide that impairs the ck2 phosphorylation and exhibits anticancer properties both in vitro and in vivo.protein kinase ck2 is a serine-threonine kinase frequently deregulated in many human tumors. here, we hypothesized that a peptide binder to the ck2 phosphoacceptor site could exhibit anticancer properties in vitro, in tumor animal models, and in cancer patients. by screening a random cyclic peptide phage display library, we identified the cigb-300 (formerly p15-tat), a cyclic peptide which abrogates the ck2 phosphorylation by blocking recombinant substrates in vitro. interestingly, synthetic cig ...200818575815
ras modifies proliferation and invasiveness of cells expressing human papillomavirus oncoproteins.infection by human papillomavirus (hpv) is a major risk factor for human cervical carcinoma. however, the hpv infection alone is not sufficient for cancer formation. cervical carcinogenesis is considered a multistep process accompanied by genetic alterations of the cell. ras is activated in approximately 20% of human cancers, and it is related to the metastatic conversion of tumor cells. we investigated how ras activation was involved in the malignant conversion of hpv-infected lesions. the acti ...200818579583
human papillomavirus type 16 e7 oncoprotein associates with e2f6.the papillomavirus life cycle is intimately coupled to the differentiation state of the infected epithelium. since papillomaviruses lack most of the rate-limiting enzymes required for genome synthesis, they need to uncouple keratinocyte differentiation from cell cycle arrest and maintain or reestablish a replication-competent state within terminally differentiated keratinocytes. the human papillomavirus (hpv) e7 protein appears to be a major determinant for this activity and induces aberrant s-p ...200818579589
taf1 interacts with and modulates human papillomavirus 16 e2-dependent transcriptional regulation.high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) infection is the main etiological factor in the development of cervical cancer and viral type 16 is the most frequently found in this neoplasia. the e2 protein plays a key role in viral dna replication, transcription and genome maintenance. e2 is a sequence-specific dna-binding protein that activates or represses the transcriptional activity of promoters depending on the distance from the e2-binding sites to the tata box. the transactivation properties of e2 ...200818580066
human papillomavirus-type distribution in women with and without cervical neoplasia in north india.our objective was to determine the human papillomavirus (hpv)-type prevalence in cervical samples in women with and without cervical neoplasia in an opportunistic hospital-based cancer-screening program. a cross-sectional study of 524 women presenting from january 2003 through june 2005 with symptoms of persistent vaginal discharge, intermenstrual bleeding, and postcoital bleeding or detected to have an unhealthy cervix underwent hpv genotyping by consensus polymerase chain reaction and reverse ...200818580322
[new therapeutic strategies for human papillomavirus related anogenital lesions in hiv patients: highly active antiretroviral therapy and hpv vaccines].this review focuses on the recent therapeutic advances that may affect the management of neoplastic anogenital human papillomavirus (hpv)-related lesions in human immunodeficiency virus patients: highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) and hpv vaccines. haart shows limited benefit on the incidence of high grade intraepithelial lesions and cancer in cervix, vulva and anus. on the other hand, it seems to raise discretely the spontaneous regression rates of cervical low grade lesions -cervical ...200818582422
gene expression in ret/ptc3 and e7 transgenic mouse thyroids: ret/ptc3 but not e7 tumors are partial and transient models of human papillary thyroid cancers.we studied gene expression profiles in two mouse models of human thyroid carcinoma: the tg-ret/ptc3 (rp3) and tg-e7 mice. rp3 fusion gene is the most frequent mutation found in the first wave post-chernobyl papillary thyroid cancers (ptcs). e7 is an oncoprotein derived from the human papillomavirus 16 responsible for most cervical carcinoma in women. both transgenic mice develop thyroid hyperplasia followed by solid differentiated carcinoma in older animals. to understand the different steps lea ...200818583418
human papillomavirus and skin tags: is there any association?low-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) infections are related to the genesis of various benign lesions. in an isolated report available, hpvs have been implicated in the causation of skin tags too.200818583787
cervical cancer vaccination indications, efficacy, and side effects.due to the limited contact of the human papillomavirus (hpv) with the immune system, past infection does not guarantee lasting protection. two preventive vaccines (gardasil and cervarix) that can impede persistent hpv infection and its consequences are now available. they use structural l1 capsular proteins obtained by genetic recombination and antigens for genotypes 16 and 18, which are responsible for around 70% of cases of uterine cancer worldwide. evaluation of their protective efficacy is b ...200818586311
hpv-induced recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis: rationale for adjuvant fatty acid therapy.the course of human papilloma virus (hpv)-induced recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis (rlp) is variable and unpredictable. some patients experience spontaneous remission, while others suffer from aggressive growth with dire consequences. unfortunately, hpv dna can persist in mucosa after treatment and can be reactivated under immunosuppressive conditions. for this reason, these benign tumors are notoriously recurrent. better understanding of lipid-driven signaling pathways during tumorigenesis an ...200818586635
hpv-induced recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis: dietary fatty acid and micronutrient intakes.human papilloma virus (hpv)-induced recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis (rlp) is a chronic debilitating disease often encountered among children of poor socio-economic south african groups. there are a few studies and limited evidence as to what extent nutrition may contribute to this disease. to our knowledge this is the first study that gives an account of dietary fa and micronutrient intakes in rlp patients, according to food frequency questionnaires. the dietary fa profile revealed an excessi ...200818586658
metastatic penile squamous cell carcinoma to the retroperitoneum in a man with human papillomavirus type 45.squamous cell carcinoma of the penis is a rare cancer associated with smoking, genital warts, lack of neonatal circumcision, and human papillomavirus types 16 and 18. metastasis of this condition is even rarer, occurring primarily in the lungs or liver. the current report describes a case of penile squamous cell carcinoma in an uncircumcised 63-year-old man who smoked cigarettes and who had genital warts and human papillomavirus type 45. metastasis occurred in the abdominal cavity.200818587080
behavior in early adolescence and risk of human papillomavirus infection as a young adult: results from a population-based study.the goal of this study was to determine the utility of a risk factor-based approach to human papillomavirus catch-up vaccination.200818595979
cell-cycle control protein expression is disrupted in anogenital condylomata infected with low-risk human papillomavirus types.to investigate how low-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) infection disrupts cell cycle control.200818596466
methyl jasmonate induces cell death with mixed characteristics of apoptosis and necrosis in cervical cancer cells.in the present study the effectiveness of methyl jasmonate (mj) against cervical cancer cell lines was investigated. we show that mj is cytotoxic to a range of cervical cancer lines including siha, caski and hela that carry human papillomavirus (hpv) dna and wild type p53, and c33a that is negative for hpv and contains mutant p53. primary human foreskin keratinocytes were almost resistant to the drug. cytotoxicity of mj was dose and time dependent, and associated mainly with the induction of cel ...200818599197
brachial plexus neuritis following hpv vaccination.we present a 19-year-old girl who developed a left brachial plexus neuritis following vaccination with a quadrivalent human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccine. post-vaccination brachial plexus neuritis is a rare event. nevertheless, this first case warrants careful attention in view of the large vaccination campaigns in young adolescents being launched all over the world.200818602437
papillomaviruses--to vaccination and beyond.high risk human papillomavirus (hpv) types 16 and 18 dnas were initially identified in 1983-1984. subsequently the dna of several other high risk hpv types has been identified. hpv 16 is present in more than 50% of cervical cancer biopsies, and hpv 18 is close to 20%. some geographic variations exist in the prevalence of hpv high risk types: e.g. hpv 45 is more frequently observed in equatorial africa, whereas types 58 and 52 have been more often found in east asia. molecular as well as epidemio ...200818605974
second hit in cervical carcinogenesis process: involvement of wnt/beta catenin pathway.abstract: the human papillomavirus plays an important role in the initiation and progression of cervical cancer. however, it is a necessary but not sufficient cause to develop invasive carcinoma; hence, other factors are required in the pathogenesis of this malignancy. in this review we explore the hypothesis of the deregulation of wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway as a "second hit" required to develop cervical cancer.200818606007
phage display for site-specific immunization and characterization of high-risk human papillomavirus specific e7 monoclonal antibodies.the paper describes a method to use filamentous phage to display specific regions of proteins for immunization in order to direct the immune response towards a pre-defined region of the protein. the method called site-specific immunization (ssi) was evaluated using the e7 protein of oncogenic (high-risk) human papillomavirus (hpv) type 16 as a model system. this protein consists of sequence blocks also present in other viral and cellular proteins and in the corresponding protein of low-risk hpvs ...200818606164
assessing the short-term and long-term burden of illness in cervical cancer.human papillomavirus (hpv) infection is associated with significant clinical, social, and financial burdens. infection is often asymptomatic, which increases the risk of unwitting transmission. up to 29 million american women between the ages of 14 and 59 years are currently infected, and 80% of women will contract the infection by 50 years of age. persistent oncogenic hpv infection is the leading cause of cervical dysplasia and neoplasia, and evidence shows that oncogenic hpv is present in 99.7 ...200818611085
a case of infectious esophagitis caused by human papilloma virus.esophageal infections may be caused by diverse pathogens that alter the mucosal lining and produce mild symptoms or sometimes critical clinical diseases with a high risk of mortality, particularly among the immunocompromised. the most common causes of infectious esophagitis are: herpes virus, candida, cytomegalovirus (cmv), and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv); human papilloma virus (hpv) infections are rare in western countries. endoscopic features of infectious esophagitis are specific for d ...200818614980
current issues in adolescent immunization.based on the december 2006 fondation mérieux international scientific symposium, the current state of adolescent immunization is reviewed with a focus on the policy and programmatic issues that impact the acceptability, initiation, and successful implementation. key questions are identified with proposed strategies to help achieve successful adolescent immunization programs. the role of current vaccines targeted to adolescents, such as those directed against invasive meningitis, pertussis, and t ...200818617295
young adults and acceptance of the human papillomavirus vaccine.to determine whether young dutch adults had ever heard of human papillomavirus (hpv) and whether they would accept vaccination, and to assess the factors influencing their decision.200818619631
human papillomavirus vaccine: recommendations, issues and controversies.the human papillomavirus vaccine is now food and drug administration-approved for girls and young women ages 9-26 years and advisory committee on immunization practices-recommended for girls ages 11-12 years of age. several issues have shrouded its debut and continue to provide controversy that may hinder effective delivery of this vaccine to young people in industrialized as well as third world countries.200818622201
papillomavirus vaccine types 16 and 18: new drug. cervical cancer: just another vaccine.the papillomavirus 16, 18 vaccine, like the papillomavirus 6, 11, 16, 18 vaccine, reduces the risk of high-grade cervical dysplasia due to all viral genotypes by about 40% in young women who are not yet infected at the time of vaccination. the vaccine does not seem to provoke any serious adverse effects, but there is no proof that it reduces the risk of cancer.200818623911
melanonychia following mohs surgery for recurrent squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the nail bed.longitudinal melanonychia (lm) is characterized by the appearance of a longitudinal pigmented band in the nail plate. melanonychia can occur from many causes, including racial predisposition, trauma, drugs, pregnancy, addison disease, peutz-jeghers syndrome, laugier-hunziker syndrome, bowen disease, onychomycosis, benign nail matrix nevi, and melanoma.200818627701
cervical and vulvar cancer risk in relation to the joint effects of cigarette smoking and genetic variation in interleukin 2.cigarette smoking is an established cofactor to human papillomavirus (hpv) in the development of cervical and vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (scc), and may influence risk through an immunosuppressive pathway. genetic variation in interleukin 2 (il2), associated in some studies with the inhibition of hpv-targeted immunity, may modify the effect of smoking on the risk of hpv-related anogenital cancers. we conducted a population-based case-only study to measure the departure from a multiplicative j ...200818628433
[construction and expression characteristics in vitro of human papillomavirus type 16 e7 suicidal dna vaccine].to construct the suicidal dna vaccine of human papillomavirus type 16 e7 gene (hpv16), and explore the dna vaccine expression characteristics in vitro and capacity of inducing the transfected cells into apoptosis.200818630674
distinct risk factor profiles for human papillomavirus type 16-positive and human papillomavirus type 16-negative head and neck cancers.high-risk types of human papillomavirus (hpv), including hpv-16, cause a subgroup of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (hnsccs). we examined whether the risk factors for hpv-16-positive hnsccs are similar to those for hpv-16-negative hnsccs in a hospital-based case-control study.200818334711
hypermethylation of the thrombospondin-1 gene is associated with poor prognosis in penile squamous cell carcinoma.to evaluate the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv) infection, the methylation status in the promoter region of thrombospondin-1 (tsp-1), ras association domain family 1a (rassf1-a) and p16 genes, and the expression of tsp-1, cd31, p16 and p53 proteins in patients diagnosed with penile cancer, and the possible associations between these variables and clinical and pathological features.200818336597
[realgar nanometer suspension inducing apoptosis of siha cell and its effect on expression of hpve6/e7 oncogene].to study the growth-inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effects of realgar nanometer suspension in human carcinoma cervical cell siha line, and the effect on hpv16e6/e7 oncogene expression.200818338621
prevalence and genotypes identification of human papillomavirus infection in a population of south italy.a limited number of human papillomavirus (hpv) types account for the majority of invasive cervical cancer cases.200818339580
estimation of the impact of genital warts on health-related quality of life.one of the two new human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccines protects against hpv types 6 and 11, which cause over 95% of genital warts, in addition to protecting against hpv types 16 and 18. in anticipation of hpv vaccine implementation, the impact of genital warts on health-related quality of life (hrqol) was measured to assess the potential benefits of the quadrivalent over the bivalent vaccine.200818339658
hpv type infection in different anogenital sites among hiv-positive brazilian women.to evaluate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (hpv) types, and risk factors for hpv positivity across cervix, vagina and anus, we conducted a study among 138 women with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv).200818341690
the evolution of hpv-related anogenital cancers reported in quebec - incidence rates and survival probabilities.non-cervical anogenital cancers (i.e. anal, vulvar, vaginal and penile cancers) associated with the human papillomavirus (hpv), for which hpv is known to be the necessary cause of carcinogenesis, are poorly documented due to their relatively low incidence rate. the aim of this study is to describe the incidence rates of these cancers between 1984 and 2001, and their relative survival probabilities, in quebec (canada) between 1984 and 1998. the incidence of these cancers is on the rise, particula ...200818341764
[treatment of pediatric genital condyloma].condyloma, also known as venereal warts, are caused by human papillomavirus (hpv). conventional wart therapies destroy infected keratinocytes rather than directly inhibiting viral infection or replication. no available drug therapy effectively eliminates hpv. treatments are often disappointing for the patient, the family and the physician due to the duration of the disease and the frequency of recurrences in spite of treatment.200818342497
hpv-related anogenital disease and hiv infection: not always 'ordinary' condylomata acuminata.human papillomavirus (hpv) is responsible for various diseases in the anogenital region which range from benign condylomata acuminata to anal carcinoma. buschke-loewenstein tumour is a clinically 'intermediate' condition which is histologically benign but due to extensive destruction of the local tissues can show malignant behaviour. its early recognition as a different clinical entity to 'ordinary' condylomata acuminata is important for its adequate management. immunocompromised persons, such a ...200818349464
selected class i and class ii hla alleles and haplotypes and risk of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.human leukocyte antigens (hlas) present foreign antigens to the immune system and may be important determinants of cervical neoplasia. previously published associations between hla and cervical neoplasia exhibit considerable variation in findings. the biomarkers of cervical cancer risk (bccr) case-control study addressed the role of specific hla alleles as cofactors in the development of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (hg-cin) based on the most consistent evidence from published l ...200818351579
the prevalence of human papillomavirus (hpv) infection in paired urine and cervical smear samples of hiv-infected women.hiv-infected women are at increased risk for cervical dysplasia. cervical dysplasia is caused by persistent infections with certain types of human papillomavirus (hpv). conventional testing for genital hpv infections requires cervical cytology. a non-invasive screening method by detection of hpv dna in urine samples is preferable but is not a routine practice.200818354821
expression of human beta-defensin-2 and -3 in verrucae vulgares and condylomata acuminata.the human beta defensins (hbds) 2 and 3 contribute to the inducible antimicrobial peptides in human skin. besides an important role in fighting bacteria, they may also exert antiviral function. verrucae vulgares and condylomata acuminata are typical cutaneous viral diseases caused by different subtypes of the human papillomavirus. their tendency for spontaneous regression could be caused by antiviral proteins like defensins. in a retoperspective study, we investigated lesions of verrucae vulgare ...200818355203
connective tissue growth factor linked to the e7 tumor antigen generates potent antitumor immune responses mediated by an antiapoptotic mechanism.a novel method for generating an antigen-specific cancer vaccine and immunotherapy has emerged using a dna vaccine. however, antigen-presenting cells (apcs) have a limited life span, which hinders their long-term ability to prime antigen-specific t cells. connective tissue growth factor (ctgf) has a role in cell survival. this study explored the intradermal administration of dna encoding ctgf with a model tumor antigen, human papilloma virus type 16 e7. mice vaccinated with ctgf/e7 dna exhibited ...200818356819
evaluation of cobas ampliprep automated nucleic acid extraction for genotyping human papillomavirus (hpv) by the roche linear array hpv test. 200818358220
modification of human papillomavirus-like particle vaccine by insertion of the cross-reactive l2-epitopes.infection with human papillomavirus 16 (hpv16), which is one of the 15 types of hpv causally associated with cervical cancer and accounts for 50% of the cases, can be prevented in a type-specific manner by an hpv16 virus-like particle (vlp) vaccine comprised of particles of the l1 protein alone. we attempted to modify the vlp vaccine by inserting the hpv16 l2-peptides including cross-neutralization epitopes into the l1 polypeptide. the chimeric l1 had, between l1 amino acids (aa) 430 and 433, th ...200818360909
condoms for sexually transmissible infection prevention: politics versus science.the present review assesses the protection that condoms offer against sexually transmissible infections (sti) and the impact that social, political and religious opinion in the usa has had in the past 8 years on promoting condoms for safer sex. condoms offer protection against most sti. however, the degree of protection depends on correct and consistent use, the type of sexual activity and the biological characteristics of different infections. cross-sectional and case-control studies and other ...200818361848
activation of nf-kappab by alloferon through down-regulation of antioxidant proteins and ikappabalpha.alloferon is a 13-amino acid peptide isolated from the bacteria-challenged larvae of the blow fly calliphora vicina. the pharmaceutical value of the peptide has been well demonstrated by its capacity to stimulate nk cytotoxic activity and interferon (ifn) synthesis in animal and human models, as well as to enhance antiviral and antitumor activities in mice. antiviral and the immunomodulatory effectiveness of alloferon have also been supported clinically proved in patients suffering with herpes s ...200818363038
expression and purification of human papillomavirus 18 l1 virus-like particle from saccharomyces cerevisiae.cervical cancer caused by human papillomavirus (hpv) might be successfully prevented by hpv vaccination and screening. hpv vaccination and hpv serology assays have been investigated using hpv virus-like particles (vlps). in this study we produced hpv18 l1 vlps in saccharomyces cerevisiae and purified them. the hpv18 l1 gene was cloned into the yeast expression vector yegalpha-hir525, and transformed into saccharomyces cerevisiae. expression of hpv18 l1 protein was demonstrated by western blottin ...200818365691
will vaccination against human papillomavirus prevent eye disease? a review of the evidence.the role of human papillomavirus (hpv) infection in eye disease is controversial. however, a recent case illustrates the possible role of hpv in conjunctival squamous carcinoma and the potentially devastating effects of this disease. the development of two vaccines to prevent infection with hpv types most commonly associated with anogenital cancers has led to debate about the pros and cons of a national immunisation programme to prevent cervical cancer. the introduction of such a vaccination pro ...200818369059
cervical cytology specimen adequacy: patient management guidelines and optimizing specimen collection.to provide updated management guidelines according to cervical cytology specimen adequacy and techniques to optimize adequacy based on literature review and expert opinion.200818369299
communicating colposcopy results: what do patients and providers discuss?we describe the content of providers' postcolposcopy consultations and women's perceptions of consultations and their conditions.200818369302
acceptance of human papillomavirus vaccine by gynecologists in an urban setting.to determine the percentage of patients vaccinated per individual provider and to document attitudes and reasons for the acceptance of the human papillomavirus vaccine.200818369305
hpv vaccine acceptability in a rural southern area.although cervical cancer rates in the united states are highest in southern and rural areas, research on human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccine acceptability has focused on other geographic areas.200818370586
summaries for patients. results of pap smears and human papillomavirus tests during cervical cancer screening. 200818378942
human papillomavirus infection and cervical cytology in women screened for cervical cancer in the united states, 2003-2005.millions of women in the united states receive cervical screening in sexually transmitted disease (std), family planning, and primary care clinical settings.200818378945
the majority of viral-cellular fusion transcripts in cervical carcinomas cotranscribe cellular sequences of known or predicted genes.integration of human papillomavirus (hpv) dna into the host genome is a frequent event in cervical carcinogenesis and is reported to occur at randomly selected chromosomal sites. however, as the databases are being up-dated continuously, the knowledge based on sequenced viral integration sites also expands. in this study, viral-cellular fusion transcripts of a preselected group of 74 cervical carcinoma or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (cin3) biopsies harboring integrated hpv16, hpv1 ...200818381461
a direct comparison of human papillomavirus type 16 l1 particles reveals a lower immunogenicity of capsomeres than viruslike particles with respect to the induced antibody response.capsomeres are considered to be an alternative to viruslike particle (vlp)-based vaccines as they can be produced in prokaryotic expression systems. so far, no detailed side-by-side comparison of vlps and capsomeres has been performed. in the present study, we immunized mice with insect cell-derived human papillomavirus type 16 vlps and capsomeres. vlps induced consistently higher antibody titers than capsomeres but the two forms induced similar cd8 t-cell responses after subcutaneous, intranasa ...200818385253
treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with topical imiquimod.alternatives to surgery are needed for the treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. we investigated the effectiveness of imiquimod 5% cream, a topical immune-response modulator, for the treatment of this condition.200818385498
podophyllotoxin directly binds a hinge domain in e2 of hpv and inhibits an e2/e7 interaction in vitro.podophyllotoxin (pt), a strong cytotoxic agent from berberidaceae, has been known to inhibit tubulin polymerization. although pt has been used for developing anticancer drugs as one of seed compounds, clinical treatment by itself has been unsuccessful because of the side effects, except one example in the treatments of warts. in this study, we screened peptides binding to pt with t7 phage display clonings in order to obtain more information about molecular mechanism of the action. a selected pha ...200818396405
the case for a gender-neutral (universal) human papillomavirus vaccination policy in the united states: point. 200818398020
human papillomavirus in cervical cancer screening: important role as biomarker.cervical cytology screening has reduced cervical cancer morbidity and mortality but shows important shortcomings in terms of sensitivity and specificity. infection with distinct types of human papillomavirus (hpv) is the primary etiologic factor in cervical carcinogenesis. this causal relationship has been exploited for the development of molecular technologies for viral detection to overcome limitations linked to cytologic cervical screening. hpv testing has been suggested for primary screening ...200818398022
evaluating human papillomavirus vaccination programs in canada: should provincial healthcare pay for voluntary adult vaccination?recently, provincial health programs in canada and elsewhere have begun rolling out vaccination against human papillomavirus for girls aged 9-13. while vaccination is voluntary, the cost of vaccination is waived, to encourage parents to have their daughters vaccinated. adult women who are eligible for the vaccine may still receive it, but at a cost of approximately can$400. given the high efficacy and immunogenicity of the vaccine, the possibility of eradicating targeted types of the virus may b ...200818402671
path's approach to product introduction in developing countries.health interventions developed for wealthy nations are difficult to introduce in developing countries due to a lack of sufficient technological, financial, political, or infrastructural resources. increasingly, however, product developers are creating new technologies that meet the needs of low-resource settings. experience has shown that many activities must be undertaken to prepare health systems to accept and embrace new, improved, or under-utilized health technologies. this article describes ...200818404650
human papillomavirus, cervical cancer and women's knowledge.human papillomavirus (hpv) is the major risk factor for cervical cancer.200818406069
role of human papillomavirus in the development of epithelial ovarian neoplasms in italian women.in this article, for the first time, we investigate the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv) dna in ovarian epithelial neoplasms from a group of 71 italian women. the follow ups of the patients with or without hpv dna were also considered to evaluate whether hpv dna in these tumors could be an indicator of prognosis.200818412784
immunotherapy of established (pre)malignant disease by synthetic long peptide vaccines.this review deals with recent progress in the immunotherapy of established (pre)malignant disease of viral or non-viral origin by synthetic vaccines capable of inducing robust t-cell responses. the most attractive vaccine compounds are synthetic long peptides (slp) corresponding to the sequence of tumour viral antigens or tumour-associated non-viral antigens. crucial to induction of therapeutic t-cell immunity is the capacity of slp to deliver specific cargo to professional antigen-presenting ce ...200818418403
direct activation of caspase 8 by the proapoptotic e2 protein of hpv18 independent of adaptor proteins.the self-activation of initiator caspases is dependent on their oligomerization driven by interaction with the death fold domains (dfd) of adaptor proteins. here, we show that the e2 protein of human papillomavirus type 18 triggers apoptosis by assembling cytoplasmic filaments together with caspase 8, in which its efficient self-activation occurs. the e2 protein binds directly to the death effector domains (ded) of caspase 8 through non-dfd interaction. this interaction is independent of fadd, b ...200818421300
the impact of virus in n3 node dissection for head and neck cancer.this study is to determine the impact of virus in surgical outcomes among patients of head and neck cancer with n3 lymph node metastasis. a retrospective analysis was conducted for 32 patients with operable n3 neck metastasis undergoing surgical treatment between january 1987 and october 2006. the nuclei of the tumor cells were investigated for the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) dnas and were taken into account as the variable for survival analysis. the prima ...200818421466
human papillomavirus 1 induced epidermoid cystic structure mimicking molluscum bodies. 200818422542
bd proex c: a sensitive and specific marker of hpv-associated squamous lesions of the cervix.bd proex c (proex c) is a recently developed immunocytochemical assay that targets the expression of topoisomerase ii-alpha and minichromosome maintenance protein-2, 2 genes shown to be overexpressed in cervical cancers. recent studies validated this reagent in liquid-based cytology specimens and suggested its usefulness as an adjunct in the diagnosis of challenging cases. limited information is available on its expression in tissue sections. this study aims to assess proex c expression patterns ...200818425044
prevalence of and risk factors for anal human papillomavirus infection in heterosexual men.in us men, the incidence of anal cancer, the primary cause of which is human papillomavirus (hpv) infection, has increased almost 3-fold in 3 decades; however, little is known about the epidemiology of anal hpv infection, especially in heterosexual men. in 2 us cities, behavioral data and anal biological specimens were collected from 253 men who acknowledged having engaged in sexual intercourse with a woman during the preceding year. on the basis of dna analysis, overall prevalence of anal hpv i ...200818426367
cervical and oral human papillomavirus types in hiv-1 positive and negative women with cervical disease in south africa.this study tested cervical and oral human papillomavirus (hpv) infection in hiv-1 seropositive (hiv+) and seronegative (hiv-) women to determine any association between infections at both sites and the difference in prevalence of the hpv types infecting these women. participants were 115 women referred to a colposcopy clinic after diagnosis of abnormal cervical cytology. the women showed low grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin1) or high grade disease (cin2/3) or no cin based on colposc ...200818428143
population seroprevalence of human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, and 18 in men, women, and children in australia.representative population-based data on human papillomavirus (hpv) epidemiology are important for public health decision making but are difficult to obtain. seroepidemiology is a valuable tool, although the relationship between hpv infection and seropositivity is incomplete.200818444790
intention of parents to have male children vaccinated with the human papillomavirus vaccine.although already approved for use in males in some jurisdictions, there is little information about parental attitudes toward having their sons receive the human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccine. the goal of this study was to ascertain parental intentions to vaccinate their sons with an hpv vaccine and to determine factors that predict this intention.200818445636
moving upstream: ecosocial and psychosocial correlates of sexually transmitted infections among young adults in the united states.we determined the associations of ecosocial factors and psychosocial factors with having a prevalent sexually transmitted infection (sti), recent sti diagnoses, and sexual risk behaviors.200818445794
epidemiology of genital chlamydia trachomatis infection among young women in costa rica.to investigate chlamydia trachomatis (ct) epidemiology among 5829 women 18 to 25 years old, in costa rica.200818446086
karyopherin beta3: a new cellular target for the hpv-16 e5 oncoprotein.epidemiological and experimental studies have shown that high-risk human papillomaviruses (hpvs) are the causative agents of cervical cancer worldwide, and that hpv-16 is associated with more than half of these cases. in addition to the well-characterized e6 and e7 oncoproteins of hpv-16, recent evidence increasingly has implicated the hpv-16 e5 protein (16e5) as an important mediator of oncogenic transformation. since 16e5 has no known intrinsic enzymatic activity, its effects on infected cells ...200818455505
unusual histologic finding in tissue obtained from voluntary pregnancy termination: a case report.an unusual histologic finding in tissue obtained from voluntary pregnancy termination (vpt) is reported to demonstrate the utility of pathologic examination of this specimen.200818459558
enhancement of cd4+ t-cell help reverses the doxorubicin-induced suppression of antigen-specific immune responses in vaccinated mice.multimodality treatments that combine conventional cancer therapies with antigen-specific immunotherapy have emerged as promising approaches for the control of cancer. in the current study, we have explored the effect of doxorubicin on the antigen-specific immune responses generated in mice vaccinated with calreticulin (crt)/e6 and/or ii-padre dna. we observed that pretreatment with doxorubicin suppressed the e6-specific cd8+ t-cell immune responses generated by crt/e6 dna vaccination in vaccina ...200818463686
defining the minimal interacting regions of the tight junction protein magi-1 and hpv16 e6 oncoprotein for solution structure studies.the oncoprotein e6 produced by tumorigenic high-risk genital human papillomaviruses targets a number of cellular proteins containing pdz domains for proteasome-mediated degradation. in particular, e6 targets the tight junction protein magi-1 by binding to its pdz1 domain. using light scattering and nmr, we explored different fragments of both the hpv16 e6 and the magi-1 pdz1 domain to define the best-behaving complex for solution structure studies. we showed that the 70-residue hpv16 e6 c-termin ...200818467125
human papillomavirus infection in patients with residual or recurrent cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.the main purpose of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the frequency of hpv infection in patients with residual or recurrent cin.200818468341
dyrk1a stabilizes hpv16e7 oncoprotein through phosphorylation of the threonine 5 and threonine 7 residues.hpv16, a high-risk tumorigenic virus, has been identified as one of the causative agents for the development of cervical cancer. subsequent to viral infection, the constitutive expression of the viral oncoproteins e6 and e7 plays a number of critical roles in maintaining the transformed phenotype. here we demonstrate that a cellular kinase, dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1a (dyrk1a), interacts with and phosphorylates hpv16e7 in vitro and in vivo. using substitution mu ...200818468476
involvement of human papillomavirus infections in prostate cancer progression.high-risk human papillomaviruses (hpvs) are sexually transmitted and have been associated with several human carcinomas especially cervical and colorectal. on the other hand, a small number of studies have examined the presence of high-risk hpv in human prostate cancer tissues. currently, the presence and role of high-risk hpv infections in prostate carcinogenesis remain unclear because of the limited number of investigations. this raises the question whether high-risk hpv infections play any ro ...200818468811
cervical cancer screening: from molecular basis to diagnostic practice, going through new technologies.in the era of human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccination, a lot of misunderstanding still exists among healthcare professionals and patients regarding hpv infection. the purpose of this review is to synthesize the clinical molecular mechanisms that contribute to hpv-mediated cervical carcinogenesis, as well as to appraise the current status of new biomarkers and technologies in terms of available data on clinical applications and future promises.200818473488
human papillomavirus (hpv) genotypes and hpv16 variants in human immunodeficiency virus-positive italian women.human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive women have high rates of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (sil) and concurrent human papillomavirus (hpv) infections with a variety of genotypes whose oncogenic risk is poorly documented. the prevalence and persistence of hpv genotypes and hpv16 variants were analysed in 112 hiv-positive and 115 hiv-negative italian women. hiv-positive women were more likely than hiv-negative women to be infected by hpv at the initial examination (39.3 vs 13.9 ...200818474553
egfr, p16, hpv titer, bcl-xl and p53, sex, and smoking as indicators of response to therapy and survival in oropharyngeal cancer.to prospectively identify markers of response to therapy and outcome in an organ-sparing trial for advanced oropharyngeal cancer.200818474878
one-step affinity tag purification of full-length recombinant human ap-1 complexes from bacterial inclusion bodies using a polycistronic expression system.the ap-1 transcription factor is a dimeric protein complex formed primarily between jun (c-jun, junb, jund) and fos (c-fos, fosb, fra-1, fra-2) family members. these distinct ap-1 complexes are expressed in many cell types and modulate target gene expression implicated in cell proliferation, differentiation, and stress responses. although the importance of ap-1 has long been recognized, the biochemical characterization of ap-1 remains limited in part due to the difficulty in purifying full-lengt ...200818329890
prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus types in mexican women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinoma.prevalence of high risk (hr) human papillomavirus (hpv) types in the states of san luis potosí (slp) and guanajuato (gto), mexico, was determined by restriction fragment length-polymorphism (rflp) analysis on the e6 ~250 bp (e6-250) hr-hpv products amplified from cervical scrapings of 442 women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinoma (280 from slp and 192 from gto). fresh cervical scrapings for hpv detection and typing were obtained from all of them and cytological and/or ...200818307798
[research advances on the role of human papillomavirus structural proteins in viral infection]. 200818320829
casein kinase ii motif-dependent phosphorylation of human papillomavirus e7 protein promotes p130 degradation and s-phase induction in differentiated human keratinocytes.the e7 proteins of human papillomaviruses (hpvs) promote s-phase reentry in differentiated keratinocytes of the squamous epithelia to support viral dna amplification. in this study, we showed that nuclear p130 was present in the differentiated strata of several native squamous epithelia susceptible to hpv infection. in contrast, p130 was below the level of detection in hpv-infected patient specimens. in submerged and organotypic cultures of primary human keratinocytes, the e7 proteins of the hig ...200818321970
[clinical efficacy of hpv dna chip test in the era of hpv vaccination: 1,211 cases, a single institution study].human papillomavirus (hpv) prophylactic vaccines, bivalent types for hpv-16/18 with 70% prophylactic expectation, have been developed based on the genotypes found prevalent in the western countries, but little is known for those in korea. using a dna chip test, we evaluated the clinical efficacy of hpv genotype based on cervical abnormalities.200818309258
prevalence of human papillomavirus and herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in korean commercial sex workers.in order to investigate the prevalence of sexually transmitted viruses such as human papillomavirus (hpv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) in korean commercial sex workers (csws), we selected 188 csws (age range 20-44 years, median age 24 years) who regularly visited one public health center in seoul, korea. hpv genotypes were analyzed by using a hpv dna chip, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was used to detect type-specific igg against hsv2 antibody identifying seropositivity for ...200818309283
biological behavior of cin lesions is predictable by multiple parameter logistic regression models.progression and regression of premalignant cervical lesions cannot be predicted using conventional cytomorphological or histomorphological parameters. however, markers such as human papillomavirus (hpv) or makers indicating proliferation, genetic instability and chromosomal aberration may be of predictive value assessing short-term biological behavior of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. in this paper, we have studied the usage of logistic regression models with ki-67 labeling index (li), chro ...200818310095
evaluation of primary cervical cancer screening with an oncogenic human papillomavirus dna test and cervical cytologic findings among women who attended family planning clinics in the united states.our goal was to evaluate the performance of screening with (1) papanicolaou and human papillomavirus (hpv) dna testing and (2) papanicolaou testing with reflex hpv testing of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or more in clinics that serve low-income women in the united states.200818313636
hpv status and regional metastasis in the prognosis of oral and oropharyngeal cancer.prognostic factors are important for treatment decisions as they help adapt the therapy on a case-to-case basis. nodal status, number of positive nodes, and presence of extracapsular spread are considered to be the important prognostic factors in head and neck cancer. some studies suggest that human papillomavirus (hpv) status also influences the outcome of the treatment. this influence can be explained by the variation in tendency to develop regional metastases and by variation in the type of n ...200818094985
reducing patient risk for human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer.the majority of cervical cancers result when the human papillomavirus (hpv) is transmitted from a man to a woman during vaginal intercourse. several factors, including vaginal intercourse at an early age or with multiple sex partners, place women at increased risk for infection with hpv. it is important for physicians to be aware of these risk factors and to screen for them in all of their female patients. it is also important for physicians to be familiar with the new hpv vaccinations that are ...200818303060
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