Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| ecological niches and blood sources of sand fly in an endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis in jiuzhaigou, sichuan, china. | sand fly phlebotomus chinensis is a principle vector for the visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in china with a wide geographic distribution. jiuzhaigou, sichuan is a mountain type endemic area of vl in china. long term effective control efforts in the region have successfully reduced vl transmission. to assess the current status of the sand flies and their ecological aspects in the region, a survey was conducted in the summer of 2014 and 2015. | 2016 | 27075573 |
| wild and domestic pig interactions at the wildlife-livestock interface of murchison falls national park, uganda, and the potential association with african swine fever outbreaks. | bushpigs (bps) (potamochoerus larvatus) and warthogs (whs) (phacochoerus africanus), which are widely distributed in eastern africa, are likely to cohabitate in the same environment with domestic pigs (dps), facilitating the transmission of shared pathogens. however, potential interactions between bp, wh, and dp, and the resulting potential circulation of infectious diseases have rarely been investigated in africa to date. in order to understand the dynamics of such interactions and the potentia ... | 2016 | 27148545 |
| marine mammal brucella reference strains are attenuated in a balb/c mouse model. | brucellosis is a zoonosis of worldwide distribution with numerous animal host species. since the novel isolation of brucella spp. from marine mammals in 1994 the bacteria have been isolated from various marine mammal hosts. the marine mammal reference strains brucella pinnipedialis 12890 (harbour seal, phoca vitulina) and brucella ceti 12891 (harbour porpoise, phocoena phocoena) were included in genus brucella in 2007, however, their pathogenicity in the mouse model is pending. herein this is ev ... | 2016 | 26959235 |
| first pediatric case of tularemia after a coyote bite. | bite-transmitted tularemia is a rare event in humans and most of the cases have been associated with cat bites. we report the first pediatric case of tularemia caused by a coyote (canis latrans) bite. coyotes can be healthy carriers of francisella tularensis and transmit this infectious agent through a bite. pediatricians should be aware of this risk after a carnivore bite and implement appropriate antibiotic therapy, as amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium (augmentin) may have prolonged the typica ... | 2016 | 26885419 |
| evaluation of a microfluidic chip system for preparation of bacterial dna from swabs, air, and surface water samples. | the detection of bacterial pathogens from complex sample matrices by pcr requires efficient dna extraction. in this study, a protocol for extraction and purification of dna from swabs, air, and water samples using a microfluidic chip system was established. the optimized protocol includes a combination of thermal, chemical and enzymatic lysis followed by chip-based dna purification using magnetic particles. the procedure was tested using gram-positive bacillus thuringiensis berliner var. kurstak ... | 2016 | 27520284 |
| dermacentor reticulatus: a vector on the rise. | dermacentor reticulatus is a hard tick species with extraordinary biological features. it has a high reproduction rate, a rapid developmental cycle, and is also able to overcome years of unfavourable conditions. dermacentor reticulatus can survive under water for several months and is cold-hardy even compared to other tick species. it has a wide host range: over 60 different wild and domesticated hosts are known for the three active developmental stages. its high adaptiveness gives an edge to th ... | 2016 | 27251148 |
| regional level risk factors associated with the occurrence of african swine fever in west and east africa. | african swine fever (asf) causes severe socio-economic impacts due to high mortality and trade restrictions. many risk factors of asf have been identified at farm level. however, understanding the risk factors, especially wild suid hosts, determining asf transmission at regional level remains limited. | 2017 | 28061875 |
| dantrolene versus amiodarone for cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a randomized, double-blinded experimental study. | dantrolene was introduced for treatment of malignant hyperthermia. it also has antiarrhythmic properties and may thus be an alternative to amiodarone for the treatment of ventricular fibrillation (vf). aim of this study was to compare the return of spontaneous circulation (rosc) with dantrolene and amiodarone in a pig model of cardiac arrest. vf was induced in anesthetized pigs. after 8 min of untreated vf, chest compressions and ventilation were started and one of the drugs (amiodarone 5 mg kg( ... | 2017 | 28098197 |
| the importance of the altricial - precocial spectrum for social complexity in mammals and birds - a review. | various types of long-term stable relationships that individuals uphold, including cooperation and competition between group members, define social complexity in vertebrates. numerous life history, physiological and cognitive traits have been shown to affect, or to be affected by, such social relationships. as such, differences in developmental modes, i.e. the 'altricial-precocial' spectrum, may play an important role in understanding the interspecific variation in occurrence of social interacti ... | 2017 | 28115975 |
| conserved gene expression in sperm reservoirs between birds and mammals in response to mating. | spermatozoa are stored in the oviductal functional sperm reservoir in animals with internal fertilization, including zoologically distant classes such as pigs or poultry. they are held fertile in the reservoir for times ranging from a couple of days (in pigs), to several weeks (in chickens), before they are gradually released to fertilize the newly ovulated eggs. it is currently unknown whether females from these species share conserved mechanisms to tolerate such a lengthy presence of immunolog ... | 2017 | 28100167 |
| presence of zoonotic cryptosporidium scrofarum, giardia duodenalis assemblage a and enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in captive eurasian wild boars (sus scrofa) in china: potential for zoonotic transmission. | cryptosporidium spp., giardia duodenalis and enterocytozoon bieneusi are the main causal pathogens of gastrointestinal disease. however, there are limited reports about the prevalence of these organisms in captive eurasian wild boars worldwide. therefore, we examined the occurrence and identified the species/assemblages/genotypes of these pathogens in captive eurasian wild boars, and estimated the zoonotic potential. | 2017 | 28061911 |
| rope-based oral fluid sampling for early detection of classical swine fever in domestic pigs at group level. | non-invasive sampling techniques based on the analysis of oral fluid specimen have gained substantial importance in the field of swine herd management. methodological advances have a focus on endemic viral diseases in commercial pig production. more recently, these approaches have been adapted to non-invasive sampling of wild boar for transboundary animal disease detection for which these effective population level sampling methods have not been available. in this study, a rope-in-a-bait based o ... | 2017 | 28056961 |
| genetic assessment of african swine fever isolates involved in outbreaks in the democratic republic of congo between 2005 and 2012 reveals co-circulation of p72 genotypes i, ix and xiv, including 19 variants. | african swine fever (asf) is a devastating disease of domestic pigs. it is a socioeconomically important disease, initially described from kenya, but subsequently reported in most sub-saharan countries. asf spread to europe, south america and the caribbean through multiple introductions which were initially eradicated-except for sardinia-followed by re‑introduction into europe in 2007. in this study of asf within the democratic republic of the congo, 62 domestic pig samples, collected between 20 ... | 2017 | 28218698 |
| variations in clinical presentation and anatomical distribution of gross lesions of african swine fever in domestic pigs in the southern highlands of tanzania: a field experience. | african swine fever is a contagious viral disease responsible for up to 100% mortality among domestic pigs. a longitudinal study was carried out to determine the clinical presentation and anatomical distribution of gross lesions in affected pigs in mbeya region, tanzania during the 2010 to 2014 outbreaks. data were collected during clinical and postmortem examination by field veterinarians and using a structured questionnaire. a total of 118 respondents (100%) showed awareness about african swin ... | 2017 | 27915438 |
| report of mecc-carrying mrsa in domestic swine. | we unexpectedly identified mrsa isolates carrying mecc (mecc-mrsa) from a danish swine farm located in eastern zealand. the objective of the present study was to investigate the origin of these isolates and their genetic relatedness to other mecc-mrsa isolates from zealand. | 2017 | 27650187 |
| endemic infection of stranded southern sea otters (enhydra lutris nereis) with novel parvovirus, polyomavirus, and adenovirus. | over the past century, the southern sea otter (sso; enhydra lutris nereis) population has been slowly recovering from near extinction due to overharvest. the sso is a threatened species under federal law and a fully protected species under california law. through a multiagency collaborative program, stranded animals are rehabilitated and released, while deceased animals are necropsied and tissues are cryopreserved to facilitate scientific study. here, we processed archival tissues to enrich part ... | 2017 | 28192039 |
| targeted gene knock-in by crispr/cas ribonucleoproteins in porcine zygotes. | the domestic pig is an important "dual purpose" animal model for agricultural and biomedical applications. there is an emerging consensus in the biomedical community for the use of large animal models such as pigs to either serve as an alternative, or complement investigations from the mouse. however, the use of pig has not proven popular due to technical difficulties and time required in generating models with desired genetic modifications. in this regard, the ability to directly modify the gen ... | 2017 | 28195163 |
| prevalence of muscular sarcosporidiosis in slaughtered domestic pigs in perak, peninsular malaysia. | sarcosporidiosis is a disease caused by intracellular protozoan parasites, namely, sarcocystis spp. in pigs, three species of sarcocystis spp. have been recognised, including sarcocystis meischeriana, sarcocystis porcifelis and sarcocystis suihominis. the aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of muscular sarcosporidiosis in pigs using the pepsin digestion technique. a total of 150 fresh heart, oesophagus and thigh muscle samples from 50 yorkshire and landrace pigs were collected from ... | 2017 | 28228924 |
| evaluation of five serologic assays for bovine tuberculosis surveillance in domestic free-range pigs from southern spain. | in countries where bovine tuberculosis (btb) is still prevalent the contact among different animal species in extensive systems contributes to the circulation of mycobacterium bovis (m. bovis) and other members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtc). thus, free-range pigs can develop subclinical infections and may contribute to disease spread to bovine and wildlife. serodiagnosis has been proposed as a screening tool for detecting infected pig herds; however, the value of this method to ... | 2017 | 28089289 |
| risks posed by reston, the forgotten ebolavirus. | out of the five members of the ebolavirus family, four cause life-threatening disease, whereas the fifth, reston virus (restv), is nonpathogenic in humans. the reasons for this discrepancy remain unclear. in this review, we analyze the currently available information to provide a state-of-the-art summary of the factors that determine the human pathogenicity of ebolaviruses. restv causes sporadic infections in cynomolgus monkeys and is found in domestic pigs throughout the philippines and china. ... | 2017 | 28066813 |
| first identification of porcine parvovirus 6 in poland. | porcine parvovirus type 1 is a major causative agent of swine reproductive failure. during the past decade, several new parvoviruses have been discovered in pigs. porcine parvovirus type 6 (ppv6), recently identified, has been reported in pigs in china and in the usa while the ppv6 status in the european pig population remains undetermined. in the present study, ppv6 dna was identified in serum samples collected from domestic pigs in poland. in investigated herds, the prevalence of ppv6 was 14.9 ... | 2017 | 27590228 |
| novel porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) variants with large deletions in the spike (s) gene coexist with pedv strains possessing an intact s gene in domestic pigs in japan: a new disease situation. | since late 2013, after an absence of seven years, outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) infection have reemerged and swept rapidly across japan, resulting in significant economic losses. in this study, we report the emergence, mixed infection, and genetic characterization of 15 novel field pedv variants with large genomic deletions. the sizes of deletion varied between 582 nt (194 aa) and 648 nt (216 aa) at positions 28-714 (10-238) on the s gene (protein). among 17 pedv samples is ... | 2017 | 28095455 |
| autochthonous infection with hepatitis e virus related to subtype 3a, france: a case report. | hepatitis e virus (hev) recently emerged in europe as a cause of autochthonous acute hepatitis and a porcine zoonosis. european autochthonous cases almost exclusively involved viruses of genotype 3, subtype 3a being only recently reported in france, from farm pigs. we report an autochthonous human infection with a hev related to subtype 3a in southeastern france. a 55-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-infected man presented liver cytolysis in june 2014. hev rna was detected in serum and thre ... | 2017 | 27049499 |
| influenza a virus infection in japanese wild boars (sus scrofa leucomystax). | serum samples were collected from 385 wild boars between 2010 and 2013 to examine the seroprevalence of influenza a virus (iav) in japan. antibodies against iav were identified using a commercial kit in 13 wild boars (3.4%). to identify the serotypes, positive sera were examined by virus-neutralization test using representative serotypes and strains. three wild boars in yamaguchi and four in tochigi showed the highest antibody titers against the pandemic h1n1 2009 virus and classical swine h1n1 ... | 2017 | 28321029 |
| boar hunting and brucellosis caused by brucella suis. | brucellosis remains as a significant public health concern in many areas where the infection persists in domestic hosts (i.e. goats, cattle, and domestic swine) with subsequent risk of transmission to human populations. brucellosis caused by b. suis remains an important threat to human populations in many countries exposed to domestic and feral swine. in the u.s., swine brucellosis has been under control for many years. meanwhile, it is a widespread infection among feral swine, particularly in t ... | 2017 | 28300645 |
| the domestic pig as a potential model for borrelia skin infection. | the skin lesion erythema migrans is a characteristic early manifestation of lyme borreliosis in humans. however, the pathomechanisms leading to development of this erythema are not fully understood. models that mimic human skin would enhance research in this field. human and porcine skin structures strongly resemble each other. therefore, we attempted to induce erythema migrans lesions in experimental borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection in the skin of domestic pigs. the formation of erythe ... | 2017 | 27986402 |
| chlamydial antibiotic resistance and treatment failure in veterinary and human medicine. | the chlamydiaceae are widespread pathogens of both humans and animals. chlamydia trachomatis infection causes blinding trachoma and reproductive complications in humans. chlamydia pneumoniae causes human respiratory tract infections and atypical pneumonia. chlamydia suis infection is associated with conjunctivitis, diarrhea, and failure to gain weight in domestic swine. chlamydial infections in humans and domesticated animals are generally controlled by antibiotic treatment-particularly macrolid ... | 2017 | 27218014 |
| prevalence and determinants of cryptosporidium infection in an underdeveloped rural region of southwestern china. | few studies have focused on the epidemiology of cryptosporidium in resource-challenged settings in china. we report a community-based cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence of cryptosporidium infection and its risk factors and associations with hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infections. the prevalence of cryptosporidium infection was 12.6% (95% confidence interval = 11.0-14.3). individuals living in households with ≥ 5 family ... | 2017 | 28093538 |
| risk analysis and occurrence of hepatitis e virus (hev) in domestic swine in northeast brazil. | anti-hev antibodies were detected in animals from abattoir and in farms from northeast brazil. our results suggest that hev is highly disseminated in the swine population and might present a great risk to animal handlers and for consumption of raw or undercooked meat and meat products in northeast brazil. | 2017 | 28349492 |
| autochthonous sporadic acute hepatitis e caused by two distinct subgenotype 3b hepatitis e virus strains with only 90% nucleotide identity. | hepatitis e, which is caused by hepatitis e virus (hev), is a public health concern in japan, where the zoonotic food-borne transmission of hev from domestic pigs and wild boars plays an important role. a 44-year-old japanese man with autochthonous sporadic acute hepatitis e was admitted with general fatigue and moderate liver dysfunction. in the present study, two distinct hev strains were recovered from the patient, who had consumed the raw or undercooked pig liver and intestine two or three t ... | 2017 | 28205112 |
| experimental evaluation of faecal escherichia coli and hepatitis e virus as biological indicators of contacts between domestic pigs and eurasian wild boar. | domestic pigs and eurasian wild boar (sus scrofa) share several important viral and bacterial pathogens. therefore, direct and indirect contacts between domestic pigs and wild boar present a risk of pathogen spillover and can lead to long-term perpetuation of infection. biological indicators could be a powerful tool to understand and characterize contacts between wild boar and domestic pigs. here, faecal escherichia coli and hepatitis e virus (hev) were explored as potential biological indicator ... | 2017 | 26190581 |
| recombinant expression of porcine spermadhesin awn and its phospholipid interaction: indication for a novel lipid binding property. | awn is a porcine (sus scrofa domestica) seminal plasma protein and has been linked to a variety of processes related to fertilization. to acquire the protein in sufficient amount and purity for functional studies, we established its recombinant expression in e. coli and a three-step purification protocol based on different chromatographies. the test for awn-phospholipid interaction revealed phosphatidic acid and cardiolipin as potential binding partners. as phosphatidic acid is surmised to play ... | 2017 | 28326614 |
| visual detection and differentiation of classic swine fever virus strains using nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (nasba) and g-quadruplex dnazyme assay. | the split g-quadruplex dnazyme has emerged as a valuable tool for visual dna detection. here, we successfully integrated colorimetric split g-quadruplex dnazyme assay with nucleic acid sequence-based amplification to generate a novel detection approach, allowing visual and rapid detection for the rna of shimen and hclv strains of classic swine fever virus (csfv). csfv is a rna virus that causes a highly contagious disease in domestic pigs and wild boar. with this method, we were able to detect a ... | 2017 | 28287135 |
| quasispecies composition and diversity do not reveal any predictors for chronic classical swine fever virus infection. | classical swine fever (csf) can run acute, chronic, and prenatal courses in both domestic pigs and wild boar. although chronic infections are rare events, their epidemiological impact is very high due to the long-term shedding of virus. so far, little is known about the factors that influence disease course and outcome from either the host or virus's perspective. to elucidate the viral determinants, we analyzed the role of the viral populations for the development of chronic csf virus (csfv) inf ... | 2017 | 27885563 |
| experimental infection of domestic pigs with african swine fever virus lithuania 2014 genotype ii field isolate. | an experimental infection was conducted to evaluate horizontal transmission, clinical, virological and humoral response induced in domestic pigs infected with african swine fever (asf) genotype ii virus circulating in 2014 into the european union (eu). ten naive pigs were placed in contact with eight pigs experimentally inoculated with the lithuanian lt14/1490 asf virus (asfv) responsible for the first asf case detected in wild boar in lithuania in january 2014. clinical examination and rectal t ... | 2017 | 25808027 |
| dna-binding properties of the african swine fever virus pa104r, a histone-like protein involved in viral replication and transcription. | african swine fever virus (asfv) codes for a putative histone-like protein (pa104r) with extensive sequence homology to bacterial proteins that are implicated in genome replication and packaging. functional characterization of purified recombinant pa104r revealed that it binds to ssdna and dsdna over a wide range of temperatures, ph values, salt concentrations and in an atp-independent manner, with an estimated binding site size of about 14-16 nucleotides. using site-directed mutagenesis, the ar ... | 2017 | 28381576 |
| understanding african swine fever infection dynamics in sardinia using a spatially explicit transmission model in domestic pig farms. | african swine fever virus (asfv) has been endemic in sardinia since 1978, resulting in severe losses for local pig producers and creating important problems for the island's veterinary authorities. this study used a spatially explicit stochastic transmission model followed by two regression models to investigate the dynamics of asfv spread amongst domestic pig farms, to identify geographic areas at highest risk and determine the role of different susceptible pig populations (registered domestic ... | 2017 | 28296281 |
| simultaneous deletion of the 9gl and uk genes from the african swine fever virus georgia 2007 isolate offers increased safety and protection against homologous challenge. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is the etiological agent of a contagious and often lethal viral disease of domestic pigs that has significant economic consequences for the swine industry. the control of african swine fever (asf) has been hampered by the unavailability of vaccines. successful experimental vaccines have been derived from naturally occurring, cell culture-adapted, or genetically modified live attenuated asfv. recombinant viruses harboring engineered deletions of specific virulence ... | 2017 | 27795430 |
| the assessment of african swine fever virus risk to belgium early 2014, using the quick and semiquantitative pandora screening protocol. | a risk assessment was organized during the early eu asf outbreaks of early 2014 (february-april) and performed in cooperation with 15 belgian and european experts on asfv and its epidemiology in pigs/wild boar. african swine fever (asf) is considered as one of the most dangerous infectious pig diseases, causing many outbreaks. since the end of 2013 - early 2014, several outbreaks within the european union (lithuania, poland, estonia and latvia) were reported to oie, which prompted several risk a ... | 2017 | 25939453 |
| co-circulation of multiple genotypes of african swine fever viruses among domestic pigs in zambia (2013-2015). | during 2013-2015, several and severe outbreaks of african swine fever (asf) affected domestic pigs in six provinces of zambia. genetic characterization of asf viruses (asfvs) using standardized genotyping procedures revealed that genotypes i, ii and xiv were associated with these outbreaks. molecular and epidemiological data suggest that genotype ii asfv (georgia 2007/1-like) detected in northern province of zambia may have been introduced from neighbouring tanzania. also, a genotype ii virus de ... | 2017 | 28299893 |
| influence of age and dose of african swine fever virus infections on clinical outcome and blood parameters in pigs. | african swine fever (asf) is a fatal disease for domestic pigs, leading to serious economic losses in countries where asf is endemic. despite extensive research, efficient vaccines against asf are lacking. since peripheral blood cells are important mediators for vaccines, we study the impact of asf on blood parameters in pigs with different ages and infected with different doses of asf virus. four different groups were studied: (1) 12 weeks of age/low virus dose; (2) 12 weeks of age/high virus d ... | 2017 | 27875662 |
| feasibility of electromagnetically guided transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure. | to develop an electromagnetic navigation technology for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (tips) creation and translate it from phantom to an in-vivo large animal setting. | 2017 | 27686414 |
| biosynthetic nanostructured cellulose patch for chest wall reconstruction: five-month follow-up in a porcine model. | ideal approaches and materials for reconstruction of large chest wall defects remain a topic of debate. we sought to explore the suitability of a reinforced nanostructured cellulose (nc) patch for chest wall reconstruction in an animal model. | 2017 | 27768401 |
| influence of on-farm pig salmonella status on salmonella shedding at slaughter. | the risk of salmonella shedding among pigs at slaughter with regard to their previous on-farm salmonella status was assessed in a group of pigs from a farm from ne of spain. a total of 202 pigs that had been serologically monitored monthly during the fattening period and from which mesenteric lymph nodes (mln) and faecal (sfec) samples were collected at slaughter for salmonella isolation were included. a repeated-measures anova was used to assess the relationship between mean od% values during t ... | 2017 | 27549508 |
| periconceptional undernutrition affects in utero methyltransferase expression and steroid hormone concentrations in uterine flushings and blood plasma during the peri-implantation period in domestic pigs. | female undernutrition during early pregnancy may affect the physiological pattern of genomic dna methylation. we hypothesised that in utero dna methylation may be impaired in females fed a restrictive diet in early pregnancy. in this study we evaluated whether poor maternal nutritional status, induced by applying a restricted diet during the peri-conceptional period, may influence: (1) the potential for in utero dna methylation, expressed as changes in the mrna expression and protein abundance o ... | 2017 | 27534526 |
| creation of an animal model for long gap pure esophageal atresia. | long gap pure esophageal atresia (lgpea) is a congenital disorder in which the esophagus is in discontinuity, and the proximal and distal ends cannot be anastomosed in a primary fashion. no animal model for pure esophageal atresia exists. here we describe a survival animal model for lgpea, which will ultimately serve to test novel devices and techniques to restore continuity. | 2017 | 27838766 |
| normal values for heart electrophysiology parameters of healthy swine determined on electrophysiology study. | swine are a well-recognized animal model for human cardiovascular diseases. despite the widespread use of porcine model in experimental electrophysiology, still no reference values for intracardiac electrical activity and conduction parameters determined during an invasive electrophysiology study (eps) have been developed in this species thus far. | 2017 | 28028980 |
| impact of synthetic elements on aortic root haemodynamics: computed fluid dynamics of aortic root reconstruction and valve reimplantation. | the aim was to evaluate the impact of the aortic valve reimplantation (david) and of the aortic root (aor) remodelling (yacoub) on the aor haemodynamics. | 2017 | 28013289 |
| anemia tolerance during normo-, hypo-, and hypervolemia. | restrictive intraoperative fluid management has been demonstrated to improve outcome of visceral and lung surgery in several studies. however, subsequent hypovolemia (hov) may be accompanied by a decrease of anemia tolerance, resulting in increased transfusion needs. we therefore investigated the effect of volume status on anemia tolerance. | 2017 | 27990642 |
| septic porcine blood does not further activate coagulation during in vitro membrane oxygenation. | for patients with a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) represents a life-saving measure. frequently, patients with severe ards also show signs of severe sepsis. as blood contact with the membrane oxygenator surface leads to adverse effects due to insufficient biocompatibility partly caused by activation of platelets, coagulation factors and leucocytes, we hypothesized that these adverse effects would be amplified if septic blood in a pre ... | 2017 | 27806995 |
| radiosynthesis and evaluation of [11c]3-hydroxycyclopent-1-enecarboxylic acid as potential pet ligand for the high-affinity γ-hydroxybutyric acid binding sites. | γ-hydroxybutyric acid (ghb) is an endogenous neuroactive substance and proposed neurotransmitter with affinity for both low- and high-affinity binding sites. a radioligand with high and specific affinity toward the high-affinity ghb binding site would be a unique tool toward a more complete understanding of this population of binding sites. with its high specific affinity and monocarboxylate transporter (mct1) mediated transport across the blood-brain barrier in pharmacological doses, 3-hydroxyc ... | 2017 | 28095676 |
| heart-rate variability depression in porcine peritonitis-induced sepsis without organ failure. | depression of heart-rate variability (hrv) in conditions of systemic inflammation has been shown in both patients and experimental animal models and hrv has been suggested as an early indicator of sepsis. the sensitivity of hrv-derived parameters to the severity of sepsis, however, remains unclear. in this study we modified the clinically relevant porcine model of peritonitis-induced sepsis in order to avoid the development of organ failure and to test the sensitivity of hrv to such non-severe c ... | 2017 | 28440737 |
| classical swine fever-an updated review. | classical swine fever (csf) remains one of the most important transboundary viral diseases of swine worldwide. the causative agent is csf virus, a small, enveloped rna virus of the genus pestivirus. based on partial sequences, three genotypes can be distinguished that do not, however, directly correlate with virulence. depending on both virus and host factors, a wide range of clinical syndromes can be observed and thus, laboratory confirmation is mandatory. to this means, both direct and indirec ... | 2017 | 28430168 |
| proteomic analysis of the endometrium during early pregnancy in the domestic pig. | reproductive processes in domestic pigs have been studied extensively. pigs are one of the main sources of meat for human consumption and are an established model for investigations into mammalian, including human, reproductive physiology. studies of the uterus during early pregnancy will lead to a better understanding of mechanisms governing pregnancy. proteomics provides the possibility to explore endometrial functions in an unbiased way. the aim of the study was to compare endometrium harvest ... | 2017 | 28416050 |
| a simple method of placing a coronary sinus catheter through the femoral vein in miniature swine. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of placing a coronary sinus (cs) catheter through the femoral veins of miniature swine. a total of 16 male domestic pigs (3-4 months old, 25±2 kg) were used. firstly, the anatomic structure of the cs ostium of swine heart was observed at different angles under x-ray. the guide wire and cobara catheter were subsequently advanced into the right atrium through the femoral vein. subsequently, the guide wire was retracted behind the fix cur ... | 2017 | 28413516 |
| early and sustained vasopressin infusion augments the hemodynamic efficacy of restrictive fluid resuscitation and improves survival in a liver laceration model of hemorrhagic shock. | current management of hemorrhagic shock favors restrictive fluid resuscitation before control of the bleeding source. we investigated the additional effects of early and sustained vasopressin infusion in a swine model of hemorrhagic shock produced by liver laceration. | 2017 | 27906869 |
| open versus thoracoscopic rfa-assisted lung resection. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate radio frequency ablation (rfa)-assisted lung parenchymal transection through thoracotomy and thoracoscopy. twelve domestic pigs underwent rfa-assisted lingulectomy: six through thoracotomy (group a), and six with thoracoscopy (group b). there was no mortality, no bleeding, or air leak intra- or postoperatively in either of the groups, and no conversion to open thoracotomy in group b. group a had longer operating period and more pleural adhesions. a barot ... | 2017 | 27875060 |
| featured article: pyruvate preserves antiglycation defenses in porcine brain after cardiac arrest. | cardiac arrest (ca) and cardiocerebral resuscitation (ccr)-induced ischemia-reperfusion imposes oxidative and carbonyl stress that injures the brain. the ischemic shift to anaerobic glycolysis, combined with oxyradical inactivation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh), provokes excessive formation of the powerful glycating agent, methylglyoxal. the glyoxalase (glo) system, comprising the enzymes glyoxalase 1 (glo1) and glo2, utilizes reduced glutathione (gsh) supplied by glutathio ... | 2017 | 28361585 |
| generation of germline ablated male pigs by crispr/cas9 editing of the nanos2 gene. | genome editing tools have revolutionized the generation of genetically modified animals including livestock. in particular, the domestic pig is a proven model of human physiology and an agriculturally important species. in this study, we utilized the crispr/cas9 system to edit the nanos2 gene in pig embryos to generate offspring with mono-allelic and bi-allelic mutations. we found that nanos2 knockout pigs phenocopy knockout mice with male specific germline ablation but other aspects of testicul ... | 2017 | 28071690 |
| accuracy of echocardiographic area-length method in chronic myocardial infarction: comparison with cardiac ct in pigs. | we evaluated echocardiographic area-length methods to measure left ventricle (lv) volumes and ejection fraction (ef) in parasternal short axis views in comparison with cardiac computed tomography (ct) in pigs with chronic myocardial infarction (mi). | 2017 | 28069008 |
| electrical impedance tomography for non-invasive assessment of stroke volume variation in health and experimental lung injury. | functional imaging by thoracic electrical impedance tomography (eit) is a non-invasive approach to continuously assess central stroke volume variation (svv) for guiding fluid therapy. the early available data were from healthy lungs without injury-related changes in thoracic impedance as a potentially influencing factor. the aim of this study was to evaluate svv measured by eit (svveit) against svv from pulse contour analysis (svvpc) in an experimental animal model of acute lung injury at differ ... | 2017 | 28039243 |
| percutaneous externally assembled laparoscopic vs laparoendoscopic single-site nephrectomy in a porcine model: a prospective, randomized, blinded, study. | to compare the outcomes between laparoendoscopic single-site (less) and a novel percutaneous externally assembled laparoscopic (peal) nephrectomy in an in vivo porcine model. | 2017 | 27917649 |
| continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring study using pigs for the prevention of mechanical recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in esophageal surgery. | during esophageal surgery, clamping injury and injury associated with the use of energy devices are common mechanisms underlying intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve (rln) damage. recently, intraoperative neuromonitoring (ionm) has been applied to prevent rln injury. this study was aimed at investigating the changes in the emg signals associated with clamping injury of the rln caused by picking up of the nerve with tweezers in domestic pigs. | 2017 | 28142325 |
| osteochondrosis, synovial fossae, and articular indentations in the talus and distal tibia of growing domestic pigs and wild boars. | articular osteochondrosis (oc) often develops in typical locations within joints, and the characterization of oc distribution in the pig tarsus is incomplete. prevalence of oc is high in domestic pigs but is presumed to be low in wild boars. postmortem and computed tomography (ct) examinations of the talus and distal tibia from 40 domestic pigs and 39 wild boars were evaluated for the locations and frequencies of oc, synovial fossae, and other articular indentations, and frequency distribution m ... | 2017 | 28129094 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the indigenous i pig (sus scrofa) in vietnam. | the i pig is a long nurtured longstanding breed in vietnam, and contains excellent indigenous genetic resources. however, after 1970s, i pig breeds have become a small population because of decreasing farming areas and increasing pressure from foreign breeds with a high growth rate. thus, there is now the risk of the disappearance of the i pigs breed. the aim of this study was to focus on classifying and identifying the i pig genetic origin and supplying molecular makers for conservation activit ... | 2017 | 28111450 |
| the 'real welfare' scheme: benchmarking welfare outcomes for commercially farmed pigs. | animal welfare standards have been incorporated in eu legislation and in farm assurance schemes, based on scientific information and aiming to safeguard the welfare of the species concerned. recently, emphasis has shifted from resource-based measures of welfare to animal-based measures, which are considered to assess more accurately the welfare status. the data used in this analysis were collected from april 2013 to may 2016 through the 'real welfare' scheme in order to assess on-farm pig welfar ... | 2017 | 28249629 |
| tracing the breeding farm of domesticated pig using feature selection (sus scrofa). | increasing food safety demands in the animal product market have created a need for a system to trace the food distribution process, from the manufacturer to the retailer, and genetic traceability is an effective method to trace the origin of animal products. in this study, we successfully achieved the farm tracing of 6,018 multi-breed pigs, using single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers strictly selected through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) feature selection. | 2017 | 29073733 |
| genome-wide analysis of structural variants reveals genetic differences in chinese pigs. | pigs have experienced long-term selections, resulting in dramatic phenotypic changes. structural variants (svs) are reported to exert extensive impacts on phenotypic changes. we built a high resolution and informative sv map based on high-depth sequencing data from 66 chinese domestic and wild pigs. we inferred the sv formation mechanisms in the pig genome and used svs as materials to perform a population-level analysis. we detected the selection signals on chromosome x for northern chinese dome ... | 2017 | 29065176 |
| normal developmental and estrous cycle-dependent histological features of the female reproductive organs in microminipigs. | the microminipig has become an increasingly attractive animal model for various experimental practices because of its manageable size; however, studies of the histological features of the female reproductive organs in microminipigs are limited. the present study investigates the sexual development of the reproductive organs and the cyclical changes during the estrous cycle in female microminipigs. the ovaries, oviducts, uteri, and vaginal tissues from 33 animals aged 0 to 26 months were utilized ... | 2017 | 28580886 |
| mastering lymphatic microsurgery: a new training model in living tissue. | advanced microsurgical techniques have emerged as a promising approach for the treatment of lymphedema, but achieving international standards is limited by a scarcity of adequate training models. the purpose of this report is to describe our in vivo porcine training model for microsurgery. | 2017 | 28570444 |
| renal adiposity confounds quantitative assessment of markers of renal diffusion with mri: a proposed correction method. | recent studies have indicated that excessive fat may confound assessment of diffusion in organs with high fat content, such as the liver and breast. however, the extent of this effect in the kidney, which is not considered a major fat deposition site, remains unclear. this study tested the hypothesis that renal fat may impact diffusion-weighted imaging (dwi) parameters, and proposes a 3-compartment model (tcm) to circumvent this effect. | 2017 | 28562413 |
| role of stro-1 sorting of porcine dental germ stem cells in dental stem cell-mediated bone tissue engineering. | stem cells of dental origin emerged as a new source for the regeneration of tissues with advantages mainly including non-invasive collection procedures and lack of ethical contraversies with their harvest or use. in this study, porcine tgscs (ptgscs) were isolated from mandibular third molar tooth germs of 6-month-old domestic pigs. this is the first study that reports the isolation and characterization of tgscs from porcine third molars and their differentiation depending on stro-1 expression. ... | 2017 | 28562085 |
| preclinical pilot study monitoring topical drug penetration and dermal bioavailability of a peptidase inhibitor from different galenic formulations into pig dermis, using cutaneous microdialysis. | cutaneous microdialysis (cm) is an ex vivo technique that allows study of tissue chemistry, including bioavailability of actual tissue concentration of unbound drug in the interstitial fluid of the body. | 2017 | 28556026 |
| glucocorticoid receptor number and affinity differ between peripheral blood mononuclear cells and granulocytes in domestic pigs. | the aim of the present study was to characterize the number and affinity of glucocorticoid receptors (gr) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) and granulocytes of domestic pigs because glucocorticoid signaling is considered important for animal health and welfare. to investigate gr binding characteristics in intact porcine immune cells, blood samples of 6 castrated male pigs were collected via indwelling vein catheters. porcine pbmc and granulocytes were isolated using two-layer density ... | 2017 | 28554109 |
| the epidemiology of african swine fever in "nonendemic" regions of zambia (1989-2015): implications for disease prevention and control. | african swine fever (asf) is a highly contagious and deadly viral hemorrhagic disease of swine. in zambia, asf was first reported in 1912 in eastern province and is currently believed to be endemic in that province only. strict quarantine measures implemented at the luangwa river bridge, the only surface outlet from eastern province, appeared to be successful in restricting the disease. however, in 1989, an outbreak occurred for the first time outside the endemic province. sporadic outbreaks hav ... | 2017 | 28832525 |
| multiple stent delivery system multi-loc, a new technology for spot-stenting of the femoropopliteal artery - proof of concept study in a preclinical large animal model. | a new stent system was studied in a porcine model to evaluate its feasibility for spot-stenting of the femoropopliteal artery. | 2017 | 28825354 |
| convergent and divergent genetic changes in the genome of chinese and european pigs. | since 10,000 bc, continuous human selection has led to intense genetic and phenotypic changes in pig (sus scrofa) domestication. through whole genome analysis of 257 individuals, we demonstrated artificial unidirectional and bidirectional selection as the primary force to shape the convergent and divergent changes between chinese domestic pigs (chd) and european domestic pigs (eud). we identified 31 genes in unidirectional selection regions that might be related to fundamental domestication requ ... | 2017 | 28819228 |
| effect of ha330 resin-directed hemoadsorption on a porcine acute respiratory distress syndrome model. | blood purification is an emerging approach to dampening the cytokine storm. this study aims to assess the efficacy of ha330 resin-directed hemoadsorption (ha) on endotoxin-induced porcine acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) model. | 2017 | 28808944 |
| origin and dispersal of early domestic pigs in northern china. | it is widely accepted that modern pigs were domesticated independently at least twice, and chinese native pigs are deemed as direct descendants of the first domesticated pigs in the corresponding domestication centers. by analyzing mitochondrial dna sequences of an extensive sample set spanning 10,000 years, we find that the earliest pigs from the middle yellow river region already carried the maternal lineages that are dominant in both younger archaeological populations and modern chinese pigs. ... | 2017 | 28798357 |
| quantitative approach for the risk assessment of african swine fever and classical swine fever introduction into the united states through legal imports of pigs and swine products. | the us livestock safety strongly depends on its capacity to prevent the introduction of transboundary animal diseases (tads). therefore, accurate and updated information on the location and origin of those potential tads risks is essential, so preventive measures as market restrictions can be put on place. the objective of the present study was to evaluate the current risk of african swine fever (asf) and classical swine fever (csf) introduction into the us through the legal importations of live ... | 2017 | 28797058 |
| a test for paedomorphism in domestic pig cranial morphology. | domestic animals are often described as paedomorphic, meaning that they retain juvenile characteristics into adulthood. through a three-dimensional landmark-based geometric morphometric analysis of cranial morphology at three growth stages, we demonstrate that wild boar (n= 138) and domestic pigs (n= 106) (sus scrofa) follow distinct ontogenetic trajectories. with the exception of the size ratio between facial and neurocranial regions, paedomorphism does not appear to be the primary pattern desc ... | 2017 | 28794276 |
| preclinical efficacy and safety of kcnh2-g628s gene therapy for postoperative atrial fibrillation. | postoperative atrial fibrillation (poaf) is the most common complication occurring after cardiac surgery. multiple studies have shown significantly increased risks of stroke, myocardial infarction, and death associated with poaf. current prophylaxis strategies are inadequate to eliminate this problem. we examined the preclinical efficacy and safety of kcnh2-g628s gene transfer to prevent poaf. | 2017 | 28676183 |
| immunoregulatory effects of multipotent adult progenitor cells in a porcine ex vivo lung perfusion model. | primary graft dysfunction (pgd) is considered to be the end result of an inflammatory response targeting the new lung allograft after transplant. previous research has indicated that mapc cell therapy might attenuate this injury by its paracrine effects on the pro-/anti-inflammatory balance. this study aims to investigate the immunoregulatory capacities of mapc cells in pgd when administered in the airways. | 2017 | 28676074 |
| a high sucrose and high fat diet induced the development of insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle of bama miniature pigs through the akt/glut4 pathway. | a high sucrose and high fat (hshf) diet induces insulin resistance (ir) and increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly characterized. this study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which the hshf diet impairs insulin sensitivity in bama miniature pigs (sus scrofa domesticus). twelve bama miniature pigs were randomly assigned to the control diet (cd) group (n=6) or the hshf group (n=6) for 6 months. biochemical parameters wer ... | 2017 | 28674285 |
| atrial myofibroblast activation and connective tissue formation in a porcine model of atrial fibrillation and reduced left ventricular function. | atrial fibrillation (af) is associated with fibrosis that slows electrical conduction and causes perpetuation of the arrhythmia. the molecular characterization of af pathophysiology may provide novel therapeutic options. this study was designed to elucidate profibrotic signaling and myofibroblast activation in a porcine model of atrial tachypacing-induced af and reduced left ventricular function. | 2017 | 28546006 |
| the relationship between surface area and volume of common blow fly (diptera: calliphoridae) oviposition sites and carrion body mass. | female blow flies (diptera: calliphoridae) demonstrate site preferences when ovipositing on carrion. preference for oviposition sites is believed to reflect the suitability of the site such that the most preferred locations provide offspring with the greatest chance of survival. a number of factors might influence female choice, including area available for oviposition. for species known to aggregate during oviposition, the surface area of oviposition sites may be a key factor in the decision-ma ... | 2017 | 28535281 |
| plasma concentrations of transdermal fentanyl and buprenorphine in pigs (sus scrofa domesticus). | to determine the absorption characteristics of fentanyl and buprenorphine administered transdermally in swine. | 2017 | 28526486 |
| detection and evaluation of renal injury in burst wave lithotripsy using ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. | burst wave lithotripsy (bwl) is a transcutaneous technique with potential to safely and effectively fragment renal stones. preclinical investigations of bwl require the assessment of potential renal injury. this study evaluates the capabilities of real-time ultrasound and mri to detect and evaluate bwl injury that was induced in porcine kidneys. | 2017 | 28521550 |
| differential expression of genes related to glucose metabolism in domesticated pigs and wild boar. | glucose metabolism is a basic biological process that shows substantial variation within and between species. using pig as a model organism, we investigated differences in glucose metabolic genes in seven tissues from domesticated pigs (rongchang pig and tibetan pig, meanwhile, the tibetan pig just as a special case of the domesticated pig under plateau condition) and wild boar. we found large differences in the expression of genes involved in multiple aspects of glucose metabolism, including ge ... | 2017 | 28508704 |
| effects of different iron supply to pregnant sows (sus scrofa domestica l.) on reproductive performance as well as iron status of new-born piglets. | the present study aimed to investigate the effects of different iron (fe) supply to sows during gestation on their reproductive performance and placental fe load. additionally, the fe status of the corresponding offspring was assessed. twenty multiparous sows were fed from insemination to farrowing with isoenergetic and isonitrogenic balanced diets differing in fe content. the diet low in fe (group -fe) was mainly composed of soybean meal and maize meal and had a fe content of 114 mg/kg dm. for ... | 2017 | 28293962 |
| phosphorylated pullulan coating enhances titanium implant osseointegration in a pig model. | to investigate the effect of coating a titanium implant surface with a phosphorylated exopolysaccharide, pullulan, on the peri-implant bone formation and implant osseointegration. | 2017 | 28291848 |
| a pathway-centered analysis of pig domestication and breeding in eurasia. | ascertaining the molecular and physiological basis of domestication and breeding is an active area of research. due to the current wide distribution of its wild ancestor, the wild boar, the pig (sus scrofa) is an excellent model to study these processes, which occurred independently in east asia and europe ca. 9000 yr ago. analyzing genome variability patterns in terms of metabolic pathways is attractive since it considers the impact of interrelated functions of genes, in contrast to genome-wide ... | 2017 | 28500056 |
| metformin prevents ischaemic ventricular fibrillation in metabolically normal pigs. | metformin is the drug most often used to treat type 2 diabetes. evidence suggests that metformin may reduce mortality of individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the mechanism of such an effect is unknown and outcomes of metformin treatment in people without diabetes have not been determined. if metformin favourably affected mortality of non-diabetic individuals, it might have even broader therapeutic utility. we evaluated the effect of metformin on myocardial energetics and ischaemic ventricular f ... | 2017 | 28497164 |
| a porcineex vivolung perfusion model with maximal argon exposure to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury. | argon (ar) is a noble gas with known organoprotective effects in rodents andin vitromodels. in a previous study we failed to find a postconditioning effect of ar duringex vivolung perfusion (evlp) on warm-ischemic injury in a porcine model. in this study, we further investigated a prolonged exposure to ar to decrease cold ischemia-reperfusion injury after lung transplantation in a porcine model with evlp assessment. domestic pigs (n= 6/group) were pre-conditioned for 6 hours with 21% o2and 79% n ... | 2017 | 28480029 |
| magnetic resonance imaging as a noninvasive method for longitudinal monitoring of infusion site reactions following administration of a novel apomorphine formulation. | infusion site reactions are common following subcutaneous infusion of drugs. such reactions can lead to discontinuation of the treatment. therefore, assessment of such reactions is essential during preclinical safety studies, and magnetic resonance imaging (mri) can assist in evaluation. here, in vivo and ex vivo mri evaluations were used in addition to classical histopathology to assess the infusion site reaction to nd0701, a novel formulation of apomorphine base developed for the treatment of ... | 2017 | 28443458 |
| defective postsecretory maturation of muc5b mucin in cystic fibrosis airways. | in cystic fibrosis (cf), airway mucus becomes thick and viscous, and its clearance from the airways is impaired. the gel-forming mucins undergo an ordered "unpacking/maturation" process after granular release that requires an optimum postsecretory environment, including hydration and ph. we hypothesized that this unpacking process is compromised in the cf lung due to abnormal transepithelial fluid transport that reduces airway surface hydration and alters ionic composition. using human tracheobr ... | 2017 | 28352653 |
| histological and anatomical structure of the nasal cavity of bama minipigs. | the nasal mucosa is equipped with abundant lymphatic tissues, serving as the first line of defense against invasion by microorganisms. in this study, we characterized the features of the nasal mucosa of bama minipigs (sus scrofa domestica) via histological analysis. | 2017 | 28339502 |
| the early-life environment of a pig shapes the phenotypes of its social partners in adulthood. | social interactions among individuals are abundant, both in natural and domestic populations, and may affect phenotypes of individuals. recent research has demonstrated that the social effect of an individual on the phenotype of its social partners may have a genetic component, known as an indirect genetic effect (ige). little is known, however, of nongenetic factors underlying such social effects. early-life environments often have large effects on phenotypes of the individuals themselves later ... | 2017 | 28327581 |
| assessment of the risk of african swine fever introduction into finland using nora-a rapid tool for semiquantitative assessment of the risk. | the nora rapid risk assessment tool was developed for situations where there is a change in the disease status of easily transmissible animal diseases in neighbouring countries or in countries with significant interactions with finland. the goal was to develop a tool that is quick to use and will provide consistent results to support risk management decisions. the model contains 63 questions that define the potential for entry and exposure by nine different pathways. the magnitude of the consequ ... | 2017 | 28303673 |
| insights into early pig domestication provided by ancient dna analysis. | pigs (sus scrofa) were first domesticated between 8,500 and 8,000 cal bc in the near east, from where they were subsequently brought into europe by agriculturalists. soon after the arrival of the first domestic pigs in northern europe (~4500 bc), farmers are thought to have started to incorporate local wild boars into their swine herds. this husbandry strategy ultimately resulted in the domestication of european wild boars. here, we set out to provide a more precise geographic and temporal frame ... | 2017 | 28300151 |