Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| work-related health effects among wastewater treatment plants workers. | raw sewage contains various pathogenic organisms including bacteria, viruses, fungus, worms and protozoa. workers at wastewater treatment plants (wwtps) are exposed to these organisms as well as to h2s gas causing many health hazards. | 2011 | 23022842 |
| [the characterization analysis of hav recombinant antigen was expressed by vaccinia virus vector]. | to find a suitable cell line for hepatitis a antigen expressed by vaccinia virus vector and to find a way of inactivation and preservation of the hav recombinant antigen. methods series of cell lines such as k4,143, hel, hep-2 and vero were inoculated with vaccinia virus that can express hav recombinant antigen. elisa was used to determine the contents of expression antigen. the characterization of the hav antigen expressed by vaccinia virus was then analyzed after it was treated with different ... | 2011 | 22734233 |
| [hepatitis c viruses infection situation in the human population of six provinces in china]. | to investigate the seroprevalence of hepatitis c viruse infection in the human population in six regions of beijing, heilongjiang, shandong, ningxia, gansu and sichuan in china. | 2011 | 22734232 |
| identification of acute vaccine-preventable hepatitis in individuals with chronic hepatitis in british columbia between 1991 and 2007. | in british columbia (bc), hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) vaccines are provincially funded for persons with chronic hepatitis infections. | 2011 | 22379482 |
| seroepidemiology of hepatitis a in the croatian population. | hepatitis a virus (hav) has a worldwide distribution, although this distribution tends to be uneven among geographical regions and population groups. the prevalence of anti-hav antibodies in the general population varies widely among countries. in europe, the seroprevalence of hav is reported to range from 32% to 88%. | 2011 | 22368685 |
| is evaluation of hepatitis a immunity required or not? | hepatitis a virus (hav) infection is one of the most common causes of acute hepatitis and it is a serious health problem worldwide. hav infection is a vaccine preventable disease that can produce the lifelong immunity seen in many developed countries with the vaccination schedule administered to children; however this vaccine is not used in developing countries at the present time. improvements in food and water hygiene have caused a displacement of hepatitis a infection from children to adults ... | 2011 | 22368677 |
| hepatitis a virus among drug users and the role of vaccination: a review. | in countries with advanced economies better health and hygiene conditions, along with the introduction, in some cases, of global vaccination, have relegated most viral hepatitis to marginal social groups and, in particular, drug users (dus). the availability of safe and effective vaccines for hepatitis a virus (hav) and b (hbv) may play a major role in combating this phenomenon. despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine for over a decade and the recommendations of international he ... | 2011 | 22347865 |
| acute pancreatitis in acute viral hepatitis. | the association of acute viral hepatitis and acute pancreatitis is well described. this study was conducted to find out the frequency of pancreatic involvement in acute viral hepatitis in the nepalese population. | 2011 | 22335088 |
| coinfection of hepatitis a virus genotype ia and iiia complicated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, prolonged cholestasis, and false-positive immunoglobulin m anti-hepatitis e virus: a case report. | a 37-year-old male presented with fever and jaundice was diagnosed as hepatitis a complicated with progressive cholestasis and severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia. he was treated with high-dose prednisolone (1.5 mg/kg), and eventually recovered. his initial serum contained genotype ia hepatitis a virus (hav), which was subsequently replaced by genotype iiia hav. moreover, at the time of development of hemolytic anemia, he became positive for immunoglobulin m (igm) anti-hepatitis e virus (hev). we ... | 2011 | 22310798 |
| clinico-laboratory study on children with auto-immune hepatitis in upper egypt. | auto-immune hepatitis (aih) in children is a rare chronic progressive liver disorder. it is characterised serologically by high aminotransferase levels, elevated immunoglobulin g (igg) and the presence of autoantibodies. aih is divided into two types according to the autoantibody profile. this study aims to assess frequency, clinical manifestations, biochemical features and outcome of aih in children attending assuit university hospitals in upper egypt with acute icteric hepatitis and seronegati ... | 2011 | 22305497 |
| seroprevalence study of hepatitis a virus in fars province, southern iran. | there are several studies on seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) in adults in the middle east. | 2011 | 22706273 |
| viral hepatitis: retrospective review in a canadian pediatric hospital. | introduction. clinical presentation of viral hepatitis ranges from mild symptoms to fulminant hepatitis. our aim is to describe clinical presentation and outcomes of children with viral hepatitis from the eastern ontario/western quebec regions of canada. methods. retrospective chart review of children diagnosed with viral hepatitis at our institution from january 1, 1998, to december 31, 2007. results. there were 261 charts reviewed, only 64 had a confirmed viral etiology: 34 (53%) hepatitis b ( ... | 2011 | 22482064 |
| expression of a recombinant chimeric protein of hepatitis a virus vp1-fc using a replicating vector based on beet curly top virus in tobacco leaves and its immunogenicity in mice. | we describe the expression and immunogenicity of a recombinant chimeric protein (hav vp1-fc) consisting of human hepatitis a virus vp1 and an fc antibody fragment using a replicating vector based on beet curly top virus (bctv) in agrobacterium-infiltrated nicotiana benthamiana leaves. recombinant hav vp1-fc was expressed with a molecular mass of approximately 68 kda. recombinant hav vp1-fc, purified using protein a sepharose affinity chromatography, elicited production of specific igg antibodies ... | 2011 | 21442402 |
| hepatitis a virus-related late-onset hepatic failure: a case report. | late-onset hepatic failure, the least of the fulminant hepatic failures, has not occurred in patients with hepatitis a virus-related acute liver failure. we report a rare case of hepatitis a virus-related late-onset hepatic failure treated successfully by an emergent liver transplant. a 58-year-old japanese woman who presented with fever and general malaise was diagnosed as having jaundice and liver dysfunction by a positive serum test for anti-hepatitis a virus igm, which ultimately led to a di ... | 2011 | 21453235 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a and associated socioeconomic factors in young healthy korean adults. | an epidemiologic shift of hepatitis a virus (hav) seroprevalence is expected due to an improvement in socioeconomic status in young adults in korea. we investigated the age-specific seroprevalence and socioeconomic factors associated with hav seropositivity in young, healthy korean adults. | 2011 | 21461079 |
| acute hepatitis a virus infection without igm antibodies to hepatitis a virus. | 2011 | 21464358 | |
| shifting susceptibility to hepatitis a among children and adolescents over the past decade. | objectives: to estimate the prevalence of anti-hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) antibodies in serum samples from children and adolescents obtained at two clinical pathology laboratories in the city of porto alegre, south of brazil, and compare findings to those of a study carried out in the 1990s. methods: in this cross-sectional study conducted between 2007 and 2008, 465 serum samples obtained from subjects aged 1-19 years were consecutively tested to determine the prevalence of total anti-hav anti ... | 2011 | 21468471 |
| hepatitis a virus vaccine escape variants and potential new serotype emergence. | six hepatitis a virus antigenic variants that likely escaped the protective effect of available vaccines were isolated, mostly from men who have sex with men. the need to complete the proper vaccination schedules is critical, particularly in the immunocompromised population, to prevent the emergence of vaccine-escaping variants. | 2011 | 21470474 |
| predictors of outcome in acute-on-chronic liver failure in children. | acute-on-chronic liver failure (aclf) is associated with a high mortality rate in the absence of liver transplantation. there is limited data on predictors of survival in aclf in children. therefore, we prospectively studied the predictors of outcome of aclf in children. | 2011 | 21484110 |
| a nationwide seroprevalence of total antibody to hepatitis a virus from 2005 to 2009: age and area-adjusted prevalence rates. | recent outbreak of hepatitis a in korea is clearly related to the epidemiological shift of hepatitis a virus (hav). however, nationwide seroprevalence data have been limited. this study estimated the nationwide, age- and area-adjusted anti-hav prevalence from 2005 to 2009. | 2011 | 21494077 |
| immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated hepatitis a vaccine when coadministered with diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis and haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines in children 15 months of age. | background:: this study (nct00197236) evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of a hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccine when coadministered with diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (dtap) and haemophilusinfluenzae type b (hib) vaccines in children 15 months of age. methods:: this was an open-labeled, multicenter study with healthy subjects enrolled and randomized (1:1:1) into 3 treatment groups. a total of 394 subjects received the first study vaccinations at 15 months of age. group hav (n = 135) ... | 2011 | 21494175 |
| analysis of synonymous codon usage in hepatitis a virus. | abstract: | 2011 | 21496278 |
| grape seed extract for the control of human enteric viruses. | grape seed extract (gse) is reported to have many pharmacological benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antimicrobial properties. however, the effect of this inexpensive rich source of natural phenolic compounds on human enteric viruses has not been well documented. in the present study, the effect of commercial gse, gravinol-s, on the infectivity of human enteric virus surrogates (feline calicivirus, fcv-f9; murine norovirus, mnv-1; bacteriophage ms2) and hep ... | 2011 | 21498749 |
| [anti-hepatitis a virus seropositivity in children of immigrant parents living in france and vaccination recommendations.] | the hepatitis a-seropositivity rate for children born in france is very low: 0 of 81 born to two french-born parents and 5 of 126 (4 %) infants for whom at least one parent was born in an endemic area. in contrast, the rate was high (28.8 %, 17/59) for children born in an endemic area. hence, recommendations to vaccinate children who could be exposed during overseas trips to visit family or by visiting family members coming from endemic areas are fully justified. | 2011 | 21511444 |
| multiplexed detection of nucleic acids in a combinatorial screening chip. | multiplexed diagnostic testing has the potential to dramatically improve the quality of healthcare. simultaneous measurement of health indicators and/or disease markers reduces turnaround time and analysis cost and speeds up the decision making process for diagnosis and treatment. at present, however, most diagnostic tests only provide information on a single indicator or marker. development of efficient diagnostic tests capable of parallel screening of infectious disease markers could significa ... | 2011 | 21512691 |
| [the seroprevalence rate, vaccination rate and seroconversion rate of hepatitis a in central region of korea.] | background/aims: acute hepatitis a (hav) is markedly increasing recently on. some patients with acute hepatitis a show severe clinical course. the seroprevalence rate of igg anti-hav has been changing with the regions and the times. vaccination and seroconversion rate of hav are not well known. in this study, we aimed to study the difference of seroprevalence rate of igg anti-hav according to various clinical factors and to know the vaccination rate and seroconversion rate below 10 years old in ... | 2011 | 21519164 |
| genotyping of acute hepatitis a virus isolates from china, 2003-2008. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is usually transmitted by an oral-fecal route and is prevalent not only in developing countries but also in developed countries. in the present study, the phylogenetic characterization of the vp1/2a junction region (321 nucleotides) of china hav isolates was examined. anti-hav igm-positive serum samples were collected from 8 provinces, including 20 cities or counties in china from 2003 to 2008; 337 isolates from 406 hav patients' serum samples were amplified by rt-pcr, se ... | 2011 | 21520140 |
| molecular detection of multiple viral targets in untreated urban sewage from greece. | abstract: | 2011 | 21524296 |
| hepatitis a seroprevalence among infants aged 12 months in ankara. | seroprevalence studies in various age groups contribute to a better understanding of hepatitis a infection and response to hepatitis a immunization. hepatitis a seroprevalence in 12-month-old infants from ankara was studied. among 601 healthy infants, overall hepatitis a seropositivity was found to be 23.5%. there were no gender differences in seropositivity (22.6% for male and 24.5% for female infants). although vaccination of infants would be an ideal prevention strategy, presence of maternal ... | 2011 | 21534354 |
| severe hepatotoxicity and probable hepatorenal syndrome associated with sulfadiazine. | purpose the case of a patient who developed hepatorenal syndrome during treatment with sulfadiazine for toxoplasmosis retinitis is reported. summary a 20-year-old caucasian woman weighing 59 kg was admitted to the infectious diseases ward of a hospital in may 2009 with nausea, vomiting, and jaundice. in march 2009, she was diagnosed with toxoplasmosis retinitis and received sulfadiazine 3 g daily, pyrimethamine 50 mg daily, leucovorin 15 mg daily, and prednisolone 75 mg daily; she continued thes ... | 2011 | 21546639 |
| evaluation of immune response to hepatitis a vaccination and vaccine safety in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. | autoimmune mechanisms and drugs used in treatment increase the risk of liver disease in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (jia) and hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccination is important, especially in intermediate-endemicity areas like turkey. in our study, we aimed to evaluate the immune response to hepatitis a vaccine and vaccine safety in children with jia. | 2011 | 21550006 |
| [hepatitis a - combined prolonged biphasic and cholestatic course of disease.] | history and admission findings: one month after a first manifestation of a hepatitis a infection and transaminases had become normal, a 44-year-old woman again became jaundiced with accompanied by weakness, nausea and nocturnal sweating. investigations: laboratory tests again showed features of hepatitis with decreased synthetic liver function and hyperbilirubinemia, changes which persisted for 12 weeks. serological and virological studies revealed a positive test for anti-hepatitis a virus (hav ... | 2011 | 21560106 |
| development of duplex rt-pcr-elisa for the simultaneous detection of hepatitis a virus and hepatitis e virus. | this study aimed to develop a specific and sensitive duplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (duplex rt-pcr-elisa) for hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev). duplex rt-pcr-elisa could detect and differentiate hav and hev with specific probes. when elisa technique was used to detect probe-bound rt-pcr products, duplex rt-pcr-elisa could detect as little as 0.1ng/μl hav and hev from clinical samples. human norovirus, enterovirus, polio ... | 2011 | 21565222 |
| chronic virus infections supress atopy but not asthma in a set of children from a large latin american city: a cross-section study. | abstract: background: the prevalence of allergic diseases has increased over recent decades in affluent countries, but remains low in rural populations and some non-affluent countries. an explanation for these trends is that increased exposure to infections may provide protection against the development of allergy. in this work we investigated the association between exposure to viral infections in children living in urban brazil and the prevalence of atopy and asthma. methods: school age childr ... | 2011 | 21569568 |
| norovirus, hepatitis a virus and enterovirus presence in shellfish from high quality harvesting areas in portugal. | this is the first report on the screening of shellfish from portugal for the presence of human enteropathogenic viruses. approximately 2000 shellfish (curbicula fluminea, ruditapes decussatus, tellina crassa, spisula solida, dosinia exoleta, ensis spp., mytilus spp., ostrea edulis and cerastoderma edule), organized in 49 batches, were collected between march 2008 and february 2009. they were tested for norovirus (nov), hepatitis a virus (hav) and enterovirus (ev) by rt-pcr followed by nucleotide ... | 2011 | 21569936 |
| effective hepatitis a virus inactivation during low-heat dehydration of contaminated green onions. | preserving fruits and vegetables by dehydration is common; however, information is limited concerning viral survival on the produce during the process. this work demonstrated the effects of low heat dehydration on inactivating hepatitis a virus (hav) on contaminated green onions. inoculated and uninoculated onion samples were dehydrated at target temperatures of 45-65 °c for 20 h. hav from artificially contaminated onions (fresh or dehydrated) was eluted by shaking at 145 rpm at 20 °c for 20 min ... | 2011 | 21569944 |
| survival of human norovirus surrogates in milk, orange, and pomegranate juice, and juice blends at refrigeration (4 °c). | fresh fruits, juices, and beverages have been implicated in human noroviral and hepatitis a virus outbreaks. the purpose of this study was to determine the survival of human norovirus surrogates (murine norovirus, mnv-1; feline calicivirus, fcv-f9; and bacteriophage ms2) in juices (orange and pomegranate juices), juice blends (pomegranate and orange juice) and milk over 0, 1, 2, 7, 14, and 21 days at refrigeration (4 °c). juices, juice blends, and milk were inoculated with each virus over 21 day ... | 2011 | 21569952 |
| immunogenicity and safety of a pediatric dose virosomal hepatitis a vaccine in thai hiv-infected children. | the immunogenicity and safety of a pediatric dose of a virosomal hepatitis a vaccine (epaxal(®)) was evaluated in a group of 45 thai children with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, age 2-16 years. vaccines were administered at 0 and 6 months. anti-hav antibody titers were measured at baseline (before injection) 1 and 7 months after primary vaccination. the prevalence of hav protective antibody in 45 thai hiv-infected children was 13.6%. the seroprotection rate was 71% at 1 month and ... | 2011 | 21570433 |
| immunogenicity of hepatitis a vaccine in children with celiac disease. | objectives:: the response to hepatitis a vaccine has not been studied in children with celiac disease (cd). the aim of this study was to evaluate the immunogenicity of an inactivated hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccine and the effect of the hla type on immunogenicity in children with cd. methods:: thirty-three patients with cd and 62 healthy control subjects were enrolled. inactivated hav vaccine (havrix®) containing 720 elisa units of alum-adsorbed hepatitis a antigen was administered intramuscular ... | 2011 | 21587080 |
| immunological and molecular epidemiological characteristics of acute and fulminant viral hepatitis a. | abstract: background: hepatitis a virus is an infection of liver; it is hyperendemic in vast areas of the world including india. in most cases it causes an acute self limited illness but rarely fulminant. there is growing concern about change in pattern from asymptomatic childhood infection to an increased incidence of symptomatic disease in the adult population. objective: in-depth analysis of immunological, viral quantification and genotype of acute and fulminant hepatitis a virus. methods: se ... | 2011 | 21605420 |
| long-term durability of immune responses after hepatitis a vaccination among hiv-infected adults. | background. vaccination provides long-term immunity to hepatitis a virus (hav) among the general population, but there are no such data regarding vaccine durability among human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected adults. methods. we retrospectively studied hiv-infected adults who had received 2 doses of hav vaccine. we analyzed blood specimens taken at 1 year, 3 years, and, when available, 6-10 years postvaccination. hav immunoglobulin g (igg) values of ≥10 miu/ml were considered seropositiv ... | 2011 | 21606540 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a among thai population residing near myanmar border. | hen compared with thailand, the seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) is extremely high among its neighbouring countries. to investigate the seroprevalence of hav among the thai people residing in the border area between thailand and myanmar, 308 residents in umphang, maesod district, tak, were recruited. sera were tested for hav igg antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the overall seroprevalence among the thai people residing in the border area of thailand was significantly high ... | 2011 | 21608427 |
| standardized positive controls for detection of norovirus by reverse transcription pcr. | abstract: background: norovirus is one of the most common causes of nonbacterial gastroenteritis in humans. rapid spread by contaminated food and person-to-person transmission through the fecal-oral route are characteristics of norovirus and result in high morbidity in vulnerable patient populations. therefore, detection of norovirus is a major public health concern. currently, the most common method for detecting and differentiating among noroviruses in clinical and environmental samples is rev ... | 2011 | 21612660 |
| epidemiological investigation and analysis of hepatitis a virus genomes in the three cases of hepatitis a infections that occurred in april-may 2010. | 2011 | 21617316 | |
| immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated hepatitis a vaccine when coadministered with measles-mumps-rubella and varicella vaccines in children less than 2 years of age. | background:: hepatitis a vaccination in early childhood has reduced hepatitis a transmission. coadministration of hepatitis a vaccine with other childhood vaccines may assist completion of the age-appropriate immunization schedule. we assessed the immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated hepatitis a virus vaccine when coadministered with measles-mumps-rubella (mmr) and varicella vaccines in children less than 2 years of age. methods:: in this open-label, randomized, multicenter study, 3 group ... | 2011 | 21617573 |
| recombination in hepatitis a virus: evidence for reproductive isolation of genotypes. | this study analysed phylogenetic evidence of recombination in sequences of hepatitis a virus (hav) available in international databases. isolation of distinct recombinant hav strains has been reported previously; however, the prevalence of natural recombination and its role in hav genetics remains obscure. analysis of full genome sequences revealed evidence of common intratypic recombination among the most prevalent subtypes, ia and iiia. many of the available complete sequences of these genotyp ... | 2011 | 21216988 |
| the use of bovine serum albumin to improve the rt-qpcr detection of foodborne viruses rinsed from vegetable surfaces. | to demonstrate that produce rinsates used for rt-qpcr detection of foodborne viruses may cause significant pcr inhibition and propose a means to reduce its impact on sensitivity. | 2011 | 21219370 |
| effects of an oxidative agent and lectins on the binding inhibition of recombinant hepatitis a virus proteins to oyster digestive tissues. | while the exact mechanism of hepatitis a virus (hav) accumulation remains unclear, it has been demonstrated that viruses related to shellfish-borne gastroenteritis can bind to carbohydrates of oyster tissues. we investigated carbohydrate-binding sites to determine if they were related to the binding of hav to carbohydrate moieties on oyster digestive tissues (dts) using recombinant hav proteins (rhavps). in addition, we evaluated lectins to determine if they influenced the inhibition of binding ... | 2011 | 21219781 |
| changing risk profile of hepatitis a in the netherlands: a comparison of seroprevalence in 1995-1996 and 2006-2007. | the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis a virus (hav) was assessed in a nationwide sample (n=6229) in the netherlands in 2006-2007, and compared to the seroprevalence in a similar study in 1995-1996 (n=7376). the overall seroprevalence increased from 34% in 1995-1996 to 39% in 2006-2007, mainly due to vaccination of travellers and an increased immigrant population. risk factors remain travelling to, and originating from, endemic regions, and vaccination is targeted currently at these risk grou ... | 2011 | 21226987 |
| prevalence and genetic diversity of waterborne pathogenic viruses in surface waters of tropical urban catchments. | aims: to study the virological quality of surface water from highly urbanized tropical water catchment areas and to determine predominant enteric viral genotypes in surface water. methods and results: a wide range of human pathogenic viruses in urban surface waters was screened by nested pcr assays after concentration by ultrafiltration. among the 84 water samples collected, at least one virus was detected in 70 (83·3%) of these samples. noroviruses were determined to be the most prevalent ent ... | 2011 | 21235687 |
| picornavirus non-structural proteins as targets for new anti-virals with broad activity. | picornaviridae is one of the largest viral families and is composed of 14 genera, six of which include human pathogens. the best known picornaviruses are enteroviruses (including polio, pv, and rhinoviruses), foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv), and hepatitis a virus (hav). although infections often are mild, certain strains may cause pandemic outbreaks accompanied with meningitis and/or paralysis. vaccines are available for pv, hav and fmdv. when the oral vaccines are given to immunocompromised ... | 2011 | 21236302 |
| seroprevalence of anti-hav among patients with chronic viral liver disease. | to investigate the current seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) antibodies in patients with chronic viral liver disease in korea. we also tried to identify the factors affecting the prevalence of hav antibodies. | 2011 | 21245998 |
| seroepidemiology of hepatitis a virus infection among schoolchildren in taiwan. | taiwan was a hyperendemic area for hepatitis a virus (hav) infection before 1980. the aim of this study was to examine the association between seropositivity of antibodies against hav (anti-hav) by a community-based survey. school children from 10 elementary and 3 junior high schools, as well as staff members who worked at the above schools in central taiwan were selected at random in this study. anti-hav was tested in sera of 1,954 healthy schoolchildren (aged 7-15 years old) and 254 teachers b ... | 2011 | 21181912 |
| hepatitis a viral load in relation to severity of the infection. | a correlation between hepatitis a virus (hav) genomes and the clinical severity of hepatitis a has not been established. the viral load in sera of hepatitis a patients was examined to determine the possible association between hepatitis a severity and hav replication. one hundred sixty-four serum samples from 91 japanese patients with sporadic hepatitis a, comprising 11 patients with fulminant hepatitis, 10 with severe acute hepatitis, and 70 with self-limited acute hepatitis, were tested for ha ... | 2011 | 21181913 |
| the use of dried blood spots for assessing antibody response to hepatitis a virus after natural infection and vaccination. | during recent years, vaccination against hepatitis a has been implemented in several countries. it is expected that the increase in mass vaccination against hepatitis a will eventually result in a decreased prevalence of anti-hav antibodies in the general population. for this reason, a suitable clinical sample for diagnosis of hepatitis a must be sufficiently sensitive to enable detection of lower antibodies titers. in this study, the feasibility of using dried blood spots (dbs) was assessed for ... | 2011 | 21181914 |
| [systematics and biology of the hepatitis viruses. like disease - different viruses]. | 2011 | 21194077 | |
| [diagnosis and clinical features of infection with hepatitis a and hepatitis e viruses. transmission through drinking water and foodstuffs]. | 2011 | 21194078 | |
| coinfection with hepatitis c virus, oxidative stress and antioxidant status in hiv-positive drug users in miami. | the pathogenesis of hiv/hepatitis c virus (hcv) coinfection is poorly understood. we examined markers of oxidative stress, plasma antioxidants and liver disease in hiv/hcv-coinfected and hiv-monoinfected adults. | 2011 | 20500231 |
| naturally acquired hepatitis a antibodies after haematopoetic stem cell transplantation. | haematopoietic stem cell transplant (hsct) recipients lose immune memory of exposure to infectious agents and vaccines accumulated throughout their lifetime and therefore need to be revaccinated. we aimed to evaluate the influence of different factors on hepatitis a virus (hav) immunity in both child and adult hsct recipients living in an intermediate endemic region, turkey. eighty patients (age range 2·5-57 years) who had hav serology prior to hsct were evaluated. the prevalence of hav seroposi ... | 2011 | 20619071 |
| an outbreak of hepatitis a affecting a nursery school and a primary school. | between march and june 2008, 12 cases of hepatitis a were notified in winchester. cases were from a primary school and a nursery school with no direct linkage. hepatitis a virus (hav) rna sequenced from nine cases confirmed the strain in both schools to be identical. the outbreak could have affected three other schools and a maternity unit and was controlled by immunization and screening of neonates in the maternity unit by dried blood spots. no neonates were infected and no further cases were r ... | 2011 | 20587119 |
| production of monoclonal antibodies with a controlled n-glycosylation pattern in seeds of arabidopsis thaliana. | seed-specific expression is an appealing alternative technology for the production of recombinant proteins in transgenic plants. whereas attractive yields of recombinant proteins have been achieved by this method, little attention has been paid to the intracellular deposition and the quality of such products. here, we demonstrate a comparative study of two antiviral monoclonal antibodies (mabs) (ha78 against hepatitis a virus; 2g12 against hiv) expressed in seeds of arabidopsis wild-type (wt) pl ... | 2011 | 20561245 |
| [genetic diversity of a rare hepatitis a virus genotype]. | very few is known on genotype ii hepatitis a virus (hav) since it is rarely isolated. from 2002 to 2007, the french observatory of hav identified six sub-genotype iia strains of which one from a patient having travelled to west africa. to investigate the possible african origin of sub-genotype iia, we determined its prevalence among french travellers in 2008 and characterised its genetic variability. | 2011 | 20822864 |
| neuromuscular complications of hepatitis a virus infection and vaccines. | the hepatitis a virus (hav) infects millions of people worldwide every year. case histories report on various acute neuropathy syndromes in the context of acute hav infection, but any causal link has not been established. epidemiological data also cast doubt on the importance of hav as a trigger for guillain-barré syndrome. the virtual absence of a chronic hav-infected state likely explains the rare occurrence of extrahepatic immune-mediated diseases, including an absence of chronic autoimmune n ... | 2011 | 20920814 |
| antibody responses to hepatitis a virus vaccination in thai hiv-infected children with immune recovery after antiretroviral therapy. | the prevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) protective antibody in 98 thai hiv-infected children who achieved immune recovery after antiretroviral therapy was 12.2%. after a 2-dose hav vaccination, 98.8% (85 of 86 children) seroconverted. the geometric mean titer was 520.95 miu/ml. in a multivariate analysis, female gender, age < 12 years and higher cd4 lymphocyte count at enrollment were predicting factors for high (≥ 250 miu/ml) hav antibody response. | 2011 | 20856163 |
| collaborative validation of a rapid method for efficient virus concentration in bottled water. | enteric viruses, including norovirus (nov) and hepatitis a virus (hav), have emerged as a major cause of waterborne outbreaks worldwide. due to their low infectious doses and low concentrations in water samples, an efficient and rapid virus concentration method is required for routine control. three newly developed methods, a, b and c, for virus concentration in bottled water were compared against the reference method d: (a) convective interaction media (cim) monolithic chromatography; filtratio ... | 2011 | 20724015 |
| validation of virus nat for hiv, hcv, hbv and hav using post-mortal blood samples. | commercial available nat systems are usually not validated for screening of post-mortem blood samples. nat testing might be challenging due to inhibitory substances in the cadaveric blood sample that cause false-negative test results. validation studies have to be performed to show the performance characteristics of the nat assays for testing cadaveric blood. | 2012 | 23801525 |
| molecular characterization of hepatitis a virus isolated from acute infections in turkey. | background/aims:hepatitis a virus is a global public health problem, especially in developing countries, and the most common cause of hepatitis in childhood. hepatitis a virus is a single- stranded positive rna virus subdivided to 6 genotypes (3 human,3 simian). the aim of this study was to determine the prevalent genotype in turkey using sera of acute hepatitis a virus-infectedpatients from different geographical regions of the country. materials and methods:sera of 137 patients with acute hepa ... | 2012 | 23794310 |
| seroprevalence and molecular characterisation of human hepatitis a virus in serum samples of tunisian patients with clinical symptoms of viral hepatitis. | the aim of the present study was to investigate the seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus antibodies in patients with clinical symptoms of viral hepatitis and molecular characterization of the detected isolates. the present study deals with the seroprevalence and the genetic diversity of hav in 400 tunisian patients presenting in dispensaries (160 patients) and in university hospitals (240 patients) with hepatitis symptoms between 2006 and 2008. the patients with acute hepatitis were mainly from r ... | 2012 | 23729999 |
| [detection of hepatitis a virus rna with an improved loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay]. | to establish a novel improved loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) technique to detect hepatitis a virus (hav). | 2012 | 23627037 |
| [hepatitis a virus mimotope mapping by phage display peptide library]. | a 12 mer phage display peptide library was used to identify hepatitis a virus mimotopes of antigenic determinants, to provide the feasibility of virus epitope mapping by using this approach. | 2012 | 23627029 |
| grape seed extract for foodborne virus reduction on produce. | grape seed extract (gse) is reported to have antibacterial properties with few current studies on antiviral activity. recently, we reported the effects of gse against foodborne viral surrogates in vitro. this study evaluated the application of gse (commercial gravinol-s) against hepatitis a virus (hav) and human norovirus surrogates, feline calicivirus (fcv-f9) and murine norovirus (mnv-1), on model produce. washed and air-dried lettuce (3 × 3 cm(2)) and jalapeno peppers (25-30 g) were inoculate ... | 2012 | 23498171 |
| acute pancreatitis complicating acute hepatitis a virus infection. | acute pancreatitis complicating acute hepatitis a is very rare especially in children. we report here an 11 year old female patient with picture of acute hepatitis proved to be caused by hepatitis a. one week later patient's condition worsened, she was jaundiced, with persistent vomiting and looked acutely ill and uncomfortable with severe steady abdominal pain mainly in the epigastrium and upper quadrants. acute pancreatitis was suspected and proved by a clinical picture associated with elevate ... | 2012 | 23432988 |
| harmonised investigation of the occurrence of human enteric viruses in the leafy green vegetable supply chain in three european countries. | numerous outbreaks have been attributed to the consumption of raw or minimally processed leafy green vegetables contaminated with enteric viral pathogens. the aim of the present study was an integrated virological monitoring of the salad vegetables supply chain in europe, from production, processing and point-of-sale. samples were collected and analysed in greece, serbia and poland, from 'general' and 'ad hoc' sampling points, which were perceived as critical points for virus contamination. gene ... | 2012 | 23412890 |
| potential risk of norovirus infection due to the consumption of "ready to eat" food. | in this study, we investigated the presence of enteric viruses such as norovirus (nov), hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis e virus (hev), and adenovirus (hadv), in vegetables available on the italian markets. for this aim, 110 national and international "ready to eat" samples were collected and analyzed by biomolecular tests and positive samples were confirmed by sequencing. all samples (100 %) were negative for hav, hev, and hadv, while 13.6 % (15/110) were positive for nov. actually there is n ... | 2012 | 23412835 |
| occurrence of human enteric viruses in commercial mussels at retail level in three european countries. | in this study, the prevalence of different enteric viruses in commercial mussels was evaluated at the retail level in three european countries (finland, greece and spain). a total of 153 mussel samples from different origins were analysed for human norovirus (nov) genogroups i and ii, hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev). human adenovirus (hadv) was also tested as an indicator of human faecal contamination. a full set of controls (such as sample process control, internal amplifica ... | 2012 | 23412813 |
| comparative analysis of viral concentration methods for detecting the hav genome using real-time rt-pcr amplification. | hepatitis a is a major infectious disease epidemiologically associated with foodborne and waterborne outbreaks. molecular detection using real-time rt-pcr to detect the hepatitis a virus (hav) in contaminated vegetables can be hindered by low-virus recoveries during the concentration process and by natural pcr inhibitors in vegetables. this study evaluated three virus concentration methods from vegetables: polyethylene glycol (peg) precipitation, ultrafiltration (uf), and immunomagnetic separati ... | 2012 | 23412812 |
| the fate of murine norovirus and hepatitis a virus during preparation of fresh produce by cutting and grating. | human noroviruses and hepatitis a virus (hav) are commonly associated with outbreaks occurring in restaurant establishments and catered events. food handlers are major contributing factors to foodborne illnesses initiated in the kitchen setting. in this study, transfer of hav and murine norovirus (mnv-1), a human norovirus surrogate, between produce (cucumbers, strawberries, tomatoes, cantaloupes, carrots, and honeydew melons) and common kitchen utensils (graters and knives) was investigated. th ... | 2012 | 23412721 |
| shellfish-borne viral outbreaks: a systematic review. | investigations of disease outbreaks linked to shellfish consumption have been reported in the scientific literature; however, only few countries systematically collate and report such data through a disease surveillance system. we conducted a systematic review to investigate shellfish-borne viral outbreaks and to explore their distribution in different countries, and to determine if different types of shellfish and viruses are implicated. six databases (medline, embase, scopus, pubmed, eurosurve ... | 2012 | 23412719 |
| high pressure processing and its application to the challenge of virus-contaminated foods. | high pressure processing (hpp) is an increasingly popular non-thermal food processing technology. study of hpp's potential to inactivate foodborne viruses has defined general pressure levels required to inactivate hepatitis a virus, norovirus surrogates, and human norovirus itself within foods such as shellfish and produce. the sensitivity of a number of different picornaviruses to hpp is variable. experiments suggest that hpp inactivates viruses via denaturation of capsid proteins which render ... | 2012 | 23412716 |
| comparative uptake of enteric viruses into spinach and green onions. | root uptake of enteric pathogens and subsequent internalization has been a produce safety concern and is being investigated as a potential route of pre-harvest contamination. the objective of this study was to determine the ability of hepatitis a virus (hav) and the human norovirus surrogate, murine norovirus (mnv), to internalize in spinach and green onions through root uptake in both soil and hydroponic systems. hav or mnv was inoculated into soil matrices or into two hydroponic systems, float ... | 2012 | 23412715 |
| development of a rapid total nucleic acid extraction method for the isolation of hepatitis a virus from fresh produce. | recently, there have been increasing reports of foodborne illnesses associated with the consumption of fresh produce. among these, hepatitis a virus (hav) remains epidemiologically important and has been continually implicated in several outbreaks. we describe a rapid method (<8h) for the isolation and subsequent detection with real-time quantitative pcr (rt-qpcr) of the hav hm-175 cytopathic strain seeded onto baby spinach and sliced tomatoes using a total rna extraction method, utilizing a hig ... | 2012 | 23334093 |
| multiplex polymerase chain reaction test for the diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis a. | the early diagnosis of acute hepatitis a (aha) is hindered because serum igm against hepatitis a virus (hav) can yield false-negative results during the window period. this study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) kit for hav rna for the diagnosis of aha. | 2012 | 23323256 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus antibodies (anti-hav) in adult inhabitants of wielkopolska region, poland--the role of simple demographic factors. | based on the available epidemiologic data, poland currently has the features typical for areas of very low endemicity for hepatitis a. the incidence of hepatitis a in the wielkopolska region in years 2006-2008 was 0.68/100,000 inhabitants or significantly lower. the aim of this cross-sectional analysis was to evaluate the seroprevalence of anti-hav antibodies in inhabitants of the wielkopolska region of western poland regarding some demographic factors. | 2012 | 23311799 |
| [experience of application of multiplex qpcr for differential diagnostics of intestinal viral infections]. | evaluate the effectiveness of multiplex reverse transcription (rt) and polymerase chain reaction with fluorescence detection in real time mode (qpcr) methods for differential detection of 11 groups of intestine viruses (adenoviruses, enteroviruses, polioviruses, hepatitis a and e viruses, group a and c rotaviruses, orthoreoviruses, noroviruses, sapoviruses and astroviruses) in various biological samples. | 2012 | 23297630 |
| hepatitis a vaccine response in hiv-infected patients: are twinrix and havrix interchangeable? | hepatitis a virus (hav) infection remains a health risk for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected persons. seroconversion rates among hav vaccinated hiv-infected patients have been shown to be reduced compared to the general population. current guidelines regard hav vaccines as interchangeable, however there no published data comparing their efficacy in hiv patients. our study evaluated the impact of different factors, including type of vaccination, on the immunologic response to hepatitis ... | 2012 | 23277097 |
| translation directed by hepatitis a virus ires in the absence of active eif4f complex and eif2. | translation directed by several picornavirus ires elements can usually take place after cleavage of eif4g by picornavirus proteases 2a(pro) or l(pro). the hepatitis a virus (hav) ires is thought to be an exception to this rule because it requires intact eif4f complex for translation. in line with previous results we report that poliovirus (pv) 2a(pro) strongly blocks protein synthesis directed by hav ires. however, in contrast to previous findings we now demonstrate that eif4g cleavage by foot-a ... | 2012 | 23272212 |
| isolation and characterization of a low pathogenic duck hepatitis a virus 3 from south korea. | the d11-jw-018 strain of duck hepatitis a virus (dhav) was isolated from 7-day-old ducklings in kyeonggi province, south korea with no clinical signs of typical hepatitis. phylogenetic analyzed of whole genome showed that d11-jw-018 strain was belonged to dhav-3 genotype. the pathogenicity of the d11-jw-018 strain in 1-, 7-, 14-, and 21-day-old ducklings was examined. mortality of d11-jw-018 strain was lower than drl-62 (dhav-1) age-dependent but incubation period was longer in 1-day-old ducklin ... | 2012 | 23265242 |
| hepatitis e virus and hepatitis a virus exposures in an apparently healthy high-risk population in italy. | the prevalence of anti-hepatitis e virus (hev) and anti-hepatitis a virus (hav), as well as the possible links with socio-demographic and other viral risks factors, were evaluated in an inmates population. | 2012 | 23264095 |
| presence and fate of coliphages and enteric viruses in three wastewater treatment plants effluents and activated sludge from tunisia. | purpose: the role of water in the transmission of infectious diseases is well defined; it may act as a reservoir of different types of pathogens. enteric viruses can survive and persist for a long time in water, maintaining infectivity in many instances. this suggests the need to include virus detection in the evaluation of the microbiological quality of waters. methods: in this study, enteric viruses (enteroviru ... | 2012 | 22261843 |
| evaluation of tropical water sources and mollusks in southern brazil using microbiological, biochemical, and chemical parameters. | florianópolis, a city located in the santa catarina state in southern brazil, is the national leading producer of bivalve mollusks. the quality of bivalve mollusks is closely related to the sanitary conditions of surrounding waters where they are cultivated. presently, cultivation areas receive large amounts of effluents derived mainly from treated and non-treated domestic, rural, and urban sewage. this contributes to the contamination of mollusks with trace metals, pesticides, other organic com ... | 2012 | 22036209 |
| Duck Hepatitis A Virus Possesses a Distinct Type IV Internal Ribosome Entry Site Element of Picornavirus. | Sequence analysis of duck hepatitis virus type 1 (DHV-1) led to its classification as the only member of a new genus, Avihepatovirus, of the family Picornaviridae, and so was renamed duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV). The 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) plays an important role in translation initiation and RNA synthesis of the picornavirus. Here, we provide evidence that the 651-nucleotide (nt)-long 5' UTR of DHAV genome contains an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) element that functions efficien ... | 2012 | 22090106 |
| microbiological and physicochemical analysis of the coastal waters of southern brazil. | the aim of this study was to assess the impact of sewage discharge on coastal waters by evaluating the influence of physicochemical parameters on the presence of enteric microorganisms in seawater samples collected from 11 beaches in florianopolis, santa catarina, brazil, over a one-year period (august 2009 to july 2010). samples were assessed for the presence of human adenoviruses (hadv), polyomavirus (jcpyv), hepatitis a virus (hav), and noroviruses (hunov gi and gii). escherichia coli and phy ... | 2012 | 22104718 |
| A single method for recovery and concentration of enteric viruses and bacteria from fresh-cut vegetables. | Fresh-cut vegetables are prone to be contaminated with foodborne pathogens during growth, harvest, transport and further processing and handling. As most of these products are generally eaten raw or mildly treated, there is an increase in the number of outbreaks caused by viruses and bacteria associated with fresh vegetables. Foodborne pathogens are usually present at very low levels and have to be concentrated (i.e. viruses) or enriched (i.e. bacteria) to enhance their detection. With this aim, ... | 2012 | 22036077 |
| innate and adaptive immune responses against picornaviruses and their counteractions: an overview. | picornaviruses, small positive-stranded rna viruses, cause a wide range of diseases which is based on their differential tissue and cell type tropisms. this diversity is reflected by the immune responses, both innate and adaptive, induced after infection, and the subsequent interactions of the viruses with the immune system. the defense mechanisms of the host and the countermeasures of the virus significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of the infections. important human pathogens are poliovi ... | 2012 | 24175214 |
| a comparison of different concentration methods for the detection of viruses present in bottled waters and those adsorbed to water bottle surfaces. | this study aimed to provide a tool for selecting the best approach to virological testing of bottled waters. different methods were investigated. method a examined the recovery of virus rna following in situ lysis of virus particles in the aqueous phase and of those adhered to the bottle wall, method b examined the recovery of virus rna following lysis of virus particles in the aqueous phase, and method c examined the recovery of intact virus particles. method c generated the lowest genome recov ... | 2012 | 22309952 |
| adhesion of human pathogenic enteric viruses and surrogate viruses to inert and vegetal food surfaces. | enteric viruses, particularly human noroviruses (nov) and hepatitis a virus (hav), are key food-borne pathogens. the attachment of these pathogens to foodstuff and food-contact surfaces is an important mechanism in the human contamination process. studies were done to investigate the nature of the physicochemical forces, such as hydrophobic and electrostatic ones, involved in the interaction virus/matrix but, at this day, only few data are available concerning surface properties of viruses and p ... | 2012 | 22850373 |
| comparative effectiveness of membrane bioreactors, conventional secondary treatment, and chlorine and uv disinfection to remove microorganisms from municipal wastewaters. | log removals of bacterial indicators, coliphage, and enteric viruses were studied in three membrane bioreactor (mbr) activated-sludge and two conventional secondary activated-sludge municipal wastewater treatment plants during three recreational seasons (may-oct.) when disinfection of effluents is required. in total, 73 regular samples were collected from key locations throughout treatment processes: post-preliminary, post-mbr, post-secondary, post-tertiary, and post-disinfection (uv or chlorine ... | 2012 | 22682268 |
| current and future applications of dried blood spots in viral disease management. | almost five decades after their first application in diagnostics, dried blood spot (dbs) cards remain to be of key interest in many research areas and clinical applications. the advantages of sample stability during transport and storage, can now be combined with the high sensitivity of novel diagnostic techniques for the measurement and analysis of nucleic acids, proteins and small molecules which may overcome the limitations of the small samples sizes in dbs cards. here we present a survey of ... | 2012 | 22244848 |
| giv noroviruses and other enteric viruses in bivalves: a preliminary study. | we evaluated the presence of the enteric viruses: norovirus, adenovirus, enterovirus, astrovirus, hepatitis a virus, and hepatitis e virus in bivalves using nested pcr methods and cell culture assays. noroviruses gii.4 and giv.1, adenoviruses types 1 and 2, hepatitis a, and echovirus type 7 were detected in the shellfish tested, which were often co-infected. this is the first study to detect such a high level of viral contamination in italian mussels (up to four different viral groups in a singl ... | 2012 | 22378550 |
| investigation of zoonotic infections among auckland zoo staff: 1991-2010. | investigation was undertaken to assess the occurrence of zoonotic infection among staff at auckland zoological park, new zealand, in 1991, 2002 and 2010. serial cross-sectional health surveys in 1991, 2002 and 2010 comprising a health questionnaire, and serological, immunological and microbiological analysis for a range of potential zoonotic infections were performed. laboratory results for zoo animals were also reviewed for 2004-2010 to assess the occurrence of potential zoonotic infections. ve ... | 2012 | 22639928 |