Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| evaluation of dry feeding and liquid feeding to lactating sows under high temperature environment. | liquid feeding system has been introduced to domestic swine farms, but negative cognition about liquid feeding system has been remained for feed waste decay related with poor management and microbial contamination. for these reasons, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding method in lactating sows. | 2016 | 27795834 |
| low-level laser therapy to the bone marrow reduces scarring and improves heart function post-acute myocardial infarction in the pig. | cell therapy for myocardial repair is one of the most intensely investigated strategies for treating acute myocardial infarction (mi). the aim of the present study was to determine whether low-level laser therapy (lllt) application to stem cells in the bone marrow (bm) could affect the infarcted porcine heart and reduce scarring following mi. | 2016 | 26741110 |
| establishment and characterization of porcine focal cerebral ischemic model induced by endothelin-1. | due to well-developed circle of willis in pigs, it is technically challenging to make persistent focal ischemic stroke based on occlusion of cerebral arteries. endothelin-1 could cause a focal lesion by forcing transient but strong vasoconstriction in the circumscribed injected area. its use in porcine stroke model has drawn attention lately. however, all the porcine endothelin-1 induced models were euthanized soon after surgery. whether the brain lesion is persistent, and whether they could cau ... | 2016 | 27773792 |
| diaphragmatic hernia of the stomach with gastric rupture in a domestic pig. | a 5.5-mo-old castrated, male red duroc pig presented acutely with depression and abdominal pain 9 d after an altercation with another pig. a ct examination indicated right pneumothorax and herniation of the stomach into the thoracic cavity. due to a poor prognosis, the pig was euthanized. a necropsy and gross examination revealed a tear of the diaphragmatic muscle in the region of the esophageal hiatus through which the stomach was displaced into the right side of the thoracic cavity. in additio ... | 2016 | 27780007 |
| cardioprotective effects of intracoronary administration of 4-chlorodiazepam in small and large animal models of ischemia-reperfusion. | the translocator protein (tspo) of the mitochondrial membrane has been recognized as a potential therapeutic target for mitigation of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. administration of 4-chlorodiazepam (4-cld), a tspo ligand, has been shown to confer acute cardioprotective effects in small animals; however, long-term studies and studies in clinically-relevant large animal models are lacking. in the present study we investigated a potential cardioprotective effect of intracoronary administ ... | 2016 | 27643472 |
| reproductive ratio for the local spread of african swine fever in wild boars in the russian federation. | african swine fever (asf) has caused the swine industry of the russian federation substantial economic losses over the last 7 years, and the disease spread from there to a number of neighbouring countries. wild boar has been involved in the spread of the disease both at local and at transboundary levels. understanding asf dynamics in wild boars is prerequisite to preventing the spread and to designing and applying effective surveillance and control plans. the reproductive ratio (r0) is an epidem ... | 2016 | 25704269 |
| comparison of bipolar radiofrequency ablation zones in an in vivo porcine model: correlation of histology and gross pathological findings. | continuing research ex vivo and in vivo with animal models is performed to advance the oncological safety of radiofrequency ablation (rfa) of liver tumors. in these experiments, frequently imaging modalities (e.g. mri or ct) or macro-morphological measurements are used to determine the full extent of the different ablation zones inside of rfa lesions. however, no systematic study has been performed so far, which verified the accuracy of the macro-morphological findings. therefore, the present st ... | 2016 | 27858704 |
| novel y-chromosome short tandem repeats in sus scrofa and their variation in european wild boar and domestic pig populations. | y-chromosome markers are important tools for studying male-specific gene flow within and between populations, hybridization patterns and kinship. however, their use in non-human mammals is often hampered by the lack of y-specific polymorphic markers. we identified new male-specific short tandem repeats (strs) in sus scrofa using the available genome sequence. we selected four polymorphic loci (5-10 alleles per locus), falling in one duplicated and two single-copy regions. a total of 32 haplotype ... | 2016 | 27558303 |
| genomic analysis reveals selection in chinese native black pig. | identification of genomic signatures that help reveal mechanisms underlying desirable traits in domesticated pigs is of significant biological, agricultural and medical importance. to identify the genomic footprints left by selection during domestication of the enshi black pig, a typical native and meat-lard breed in china, we generated about 72-fold coverage of the pig genome using pools of genomic dna representing three different populations of enshi black pigs from three different locations. ... | 2016 | 27808243 |
| a usability comparison of laser suction handpieces for percutaneous nephrolithotomy. | the holmium laser has revolutionized the practice of minimally invasive endoscopy for kidney stones. recently, a novel, rigid handpiece for use in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (pcnl) that couples the holmium laser with suction has been developed. to date, limited data exist regarding the usability and ergonomics of such treatment systems. we thus sought to compare surgeon-rated usability with three different suction laser handpieces in a porcine model. | 2016 | 27758119 |
| biological effect on restenosis and vascular healing of encapsulated paclitaxel nanocrystals delivered via coated balloon technology in the familial hypercholesterolaemic swine model of in-stent restenosis. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the biological efficacy of a novel lower-dose (2.5 µg/mm2) encapsulated paclitaxel nanocrystal-coated balloon (nano-pcb) in the familial hypercholesterolaemic swine (fhs) model of iliofemoral in-stent restenosis. | 2016 | 27753601 |
| frequency of vascular inflammation and impact on neointimal proliferation of drug eluting stents in porcine coronary arteries. | we aimed to describe the frequency of vascular inflammatory reactions with second generation drug eluting stents (des) compared to first generation des, and analyze the impact on inflammation and neointimal proliferation in a porcine coronary model. | 2016 | 27713606 |
| minimally invasive beat-by-beat monitoring of cardiac power in normal hearts and during acute ventricular dysfunction. | cardiac power, the product of aortic flow and blood pressure, appears to be a fundamental cardiovascular parameter. the simplified version named cardiac power output (cpo), calculated as the product of cardiac output (co) in l/min and mean arterial pressure (map) in mmhg divided by 451, has shown great ability to predict outcome in a broad spectrum of cardiac disease. beat-by-beat evaluation of cardiac power (pwr) therefore appears to be a possibly valuable addition when monitoring circulatory u ... | 2016 | 27702881 |
| flexible growing rods: a biomechanical pilot study of polymer rod constructs in the stability of skeletally immature spines. | surgical treatments for early onset scoliosis (eos) correct curvatures and improve respiratory function but involve many complications. a distractible, or 'growing rod,' implant construct that is more flexible than current metal rod systems may sufficiently correct curves in small children and reduce complications due to biomechanical factors. the purpose of this pilot study was to determine ranges of motion (rom) after implantation of simulated growing rod constructs with a range of clinically ... | 2016 | 27689140 |
| hyperpolarized13c,15n2-urea mri for assessment of the urea gradient in the porcine kidney. | a decline in cortico-medullary osmolality gradient of the kidney may serve as an early indicator of pathological disruption of the tubular reabsorption process. the purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of hyperpolarized13c,15n2-urea mri as a biomarker of renal function in healthy porcine kidneys resembling the human physiology. | 2016 | 27670826 |
| comparison of microchip transponder and noncontact infrared thermometry with rectal thermometry in domestic swine (sus scrofa domestica). | during disease outbreaks, core temperature is a useful health metric in swine, due to the presence of pyrexia especially during the acute phase of infection. despite technologic advances in other facets of swine production and health management, rectal thermometry continues to be the 'gold standard' for measuring core body temperature. however, for various reasons, collecting rectal temperatures can be difficult and unsafe depending on the housing modality. in addition, the delay between inserti ... | 2016 | 27657715 |
| the effect of long-term amiodarone administration on myocardial fibrosis and evolution of left ventricular remodeling in a porcine model of ischemic cardiomyopathy. | amiodarone is effective in suppressing arrhythmias in heart failure patients. we investigated the effect of long-term amiodarone administration on myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular (lv) remodeling in a porcine model of ischemic cardiomyopathy. eighteen infarcted farm pigs were randomized to receive long-term amiodarone administration for 3 months (n = 9) or conventional follow-up (n = 9). evolution of lv remodeling over 3 months post-myocardial infarction was examined at tissue level (myo ... | 2016 | 27652141 |
| autophagy portends the level of cardiac hypertrophy in experimental hypertensive swine model. | left ventricular (lv) hypertrophy (lvh) plays an important role in hypertensive heart disease, and may be accompanied by myocardial autophagy. however, the pattern of autophagy during evolution of lvh is unclear. we hypothesized that autophagy activation indicates advancing cardiac lvh with tissue remodeling. | 2016 | 25904651 |
| a novel swine model of spontaneous hypertension with sympathetic hyperactivity responds well to renal denervation. | the large animal model of arterial hypertension is very valuable to test the antihypertensive drugs and devices. we characterized a novel swine model of spontaneous hypertension and investigated its response to renal denervation (rdn). | 2016 | 25958303 |
| a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a method for evaluation of in vivo poly-l-lactide biodegradation kinetics from stent-polymer matrices: an experimental study utilizing porcine model of in-stent restenosis. | we aimed to comprehensively evaluate poly-lactide polymer degradation and sirolimus release kinetics from a drug-eluting stent matrix in the in vivo setting using a nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) method. | 2016 | 25944843 |
| carcass mass has little influence on the structure of gravesoil microbial communities. | little is known about how variables, such as carcass mass, affect the succession pattern of microbes in soils during decomposition. to investigate the effects of carcass mass on the soil microbial community, soils associated with swine (sus scrofa domesticus) carcasses of four different masses were sampled until the 15th day of decomposition during the month of june in a pasture near lincoln, nebraska. soils underneath swine of 1, 20, 40, and 50 kg masses were investigated in triplicate, as well ... | 2016 | 26024793 |
| submerged flapless technique vs. conventional flap approach for implant placement: experimental domestic pig study with 12-month follow-up. | the aim of our study was to compare osseointegration and peri-implant crestal bone resorption in submerged flapless and conventional flap surgery over a 12-month follow-up. | 2016 | 26147852 |
| genetic variation of the porcine nr5a1 is associated with meat color. | because of the central role of steroidogenic factor 1 in the regulation of the development and function of steroidogenic tissues, including the adrenal gland, we chose the encoding gene nr5a1 as a candidate for stress response, meat quality and carcass composition in the domestic pig. to identify polymorphisms of the porcine nr5a1 we comparatively sequenced the coding, untranslated and regulatory regions in four commercial pig lines. single nucleotide polymorphisms could be found in the 3' utr a ... | 2016 | 26055431 |
| domestication and cereal feeding developed domestic pig-type intestinal microbiota in animals of suidae. | intestinal microbiota are characterized by host-specific microorganisms, which have been selected through host-microbe interactions under phylogenetic evolution and transition of feeding behavior by the host. although many studies have focused on disease-related intestinal microbiota, the origin and evolution of host-specific intestinal microbiota have not been well elucidated. pig is the ideal mammal model to reveal the origin and evolution of host-specific intestinal microbiota because their d ... | 2016 | 26315488 |
| porcine survival model to simulate acute upper gastrointestinal bleedings. | the existing animal models used for the simulation of acute gastrointestinal bleedings are usually non-survival models. we developed and evaluated a new porcine model (domestic pig, german landrace) in which the animal remains alive and survives the artificial bleeding without any cardiovascular impairment. this consists of a bleeding catheter which is implanted into the stomach, then subcutaneously tunnelled from the abdomen to the neck where it is exteriorized and fixed with sutures. using the ... | 2016 | 26306615 |
| a pharmacologic activator of endothelial kca channels increases systemic conductance and reduces arterial pressure in an anesthetized pig model. | ska-31, an activator of endothelial kca2.3 and kca3.1 channels, reduces systemic blood pressure in mice and dogs, however, its effects in larger mammals are not well known. we therefore examined the hemodynamic effects of ska-31, along with sodium nitroprusside (snp), in anesthetized, juvenile male domestic pigs. experimentally, continuous measurements of left ventricular (lv), aortic and inferior vena cava (ivc) pressures, along with flows in the ascending aorta, carotid artery, left anterior d ... | 2016 | 26239885 |
| the fate of human platelets exposed to porcine renal endothelium: a single-pass model of platelet uptake in domestic and genetically modified porcine organs. | thrombocytopenia may represent a significant challenge to the clinical application of solid-organ xenotransplantation. when studied in a pig-to-primate model, consumptive coagulopathy has challenged renal xenografts. new strategies of genetic manipulation have altered porcine carbohydrate profiles to significantly reduce human antibody binding to pig cells. as this process continues to eliminate immunologic barriers to clinical xenotransplantation, the relationship between human platelets and pi ... | 2016 | 26375504 |
| focused post mortem dissection technique for harvest of rete mirabile in domestic swine (sus scrofa). | rete mirabile (rm) of the domestic pig is a popular animal model of arteriovenous malformations. the rm (latin for 'wonderful net)' comprises the arterioarterial portal connecting ascending pharyngeal arteries and the internal carotid arteries, which exists in the skull base of even-toed ungulates. although angiographic access of the rm is relatively easy, its post mortem procurement is complicated and its detailed technique has not been well described. | 2016 | 26359213 |
| histochemical study of heparin-positive mast cells in the terminal part of porcine ductus choledochus and papilla duodeni major. | the study presented in detail the localization and density of mast cells (mcs) in the intramural part of the common bile duct (cbd) and in the major duodenal papilla (mdp) of domestic swine. mcs' density (number/mm(2) ) in different layers of both of the duct and papilla was evaluated after toluidine blue staining. their number was higher in the lamina propria mucosae than in the tunica muscularis of the studied structures. the localization of berberine-positive, (heparin containing) mcs and the ... | 2016 | 26394797 |
| distinction of non-ischemia inducing versus ischemia inducing coronary stenosis by fluorescent cardiac imaging. | intraoperative fluorescent cardiac imaging (fci) can quantitatively assess myocardial perfusion abnormalities produced by graded flow-limiting coronary stenosis (fls), but there are no data to distinguish fls from non flow-limiting stenosis (nfls) to determine their functional significance. the aim of the study was to evaluate whether non-ischemia inducing nfls can be quantified and differentiated from fls by fci technology. data are compared to gold standard fluorescent microspheres (fm). 11 do ... | 2016 | 26408104 |
| intraluminal measurement of papillary duct urine ph, in vivo: a pilot study in the swine kidney. | we describe the in vivo use of an optic-chemo microsensor to measure intraluminal papillary duct urine ph in a large mammal. fiber-optic ph microsensors have a tip diameter of 140-µm that allows insertion into papillary bellini ducts to measure tubule urine proton concentration. anesthetized adult pigs underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy to access the lower pole of the urinary collecting system. a flexible nephroscope was advanced towards an upper pole papilla with the fiber-optic microsensor ... | 2016 | 26526044 |
| detection of genetic diversity and selection at the coding region of the melanocortin receptor 1 (mc1r) gene in tibetan pigs and landrace pigs. | domestication and subsequent selective pressures have produced a large variety of pig coat colors in different regions and breeds. the melanocortin 1 receptor (mc1r) gene plays a crucial role in determining coat color of mammals. here, we investigated genetic diversity and selection at the coding region of the porcine melanocortin receptor 1 (mc1r) in tibetan pigs and landrace pigs. by contrast, genetic variability was much lower in landrace pigs than in tibetan pigs. meanwhile, haplotype analys ... | 2016 | 26431999 |
| perirenal fat promotes renal arterial endothelial dysfunction in obese swine through tumor necrosis factor-α. | perirenal fat is associated with poor blood pressure control and chronic kidney disease but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. we tested the hypothesis that perirenal fat impairs renal arterial endothelial function in pigs with obesity-metabolic derangements. | 2016 | 26417644 |
| percutaneous renal access: surgical factors involved in the acute reduction of renal function. | studies in patients and experimental animals have shown that percutaneous nephrolithotomy (pcnl) can acutely impair glomerular filtration and renal perfusion, but the factors contributing to this decline in renal function are unknown. the present study assessed the contribution of needle puncture of the kidney vs dilation of the needle tract to the acute decline in renal hemodynamic and tubular transport function associated with pcnl surgery. | 2016 | 26415144 |
| catheter based selective hypothermia reduces stroke volume during focal cerebral ischemia in swine. | total body hypothermia is an established neuroprotectant in global cerebral ischemia. the role of hypothermia in acute ischemic stroke remains uncertain. selective application of hypothermia to a region of focal ischemia may provide similar protection with more rapid cooling and elimination of systemic side effects. we studied the effect of selective endovascular cooling in a focal stroke model in adult domestic swine. | 2016 | 25676148 |
| detection of african swine fever antibodies in experimental and field samples from the russian federation: implications for control. | african swine fever (asf) re-entered in europe in 2007 by georgia rapidly affecting neighbouring countries. since then, asf has caused severe problems to the russian federation (rf) and spread to northern and western regions, including ukraine (2012 and 2014) and belarus (2013). at the beginning of 2014, dead wild boars were found in lithuania and poland. several outbreaks have been later notified in the european union(eu), affecting domestic pigs and wild boar of latvia, lithuania and poland, a ... | 2016 | 25440300 |
| influence of the cutting edge angle of a titanium instrument on chip formation in the machining of trabecular and cortical bone. | the placement of self-tapping implants is associated with microfractures and the formation of bone chips along the cutting flutes. this study was conducted to investigate the effect of different cutting edge angles on chip formation during the machining of trabecular and cortical bone using instruments with a rough titanium surface. | 2016 | 25032776 |
| quantitative assessment of atrial regional function using motion estimation computed tomography. | we validated a novel image-based motion estimation computed tomographic (ct) technique (ime) to quantify atrial regional function in swine in vivo. | 2016 | 24983435 |
| population phylogenomic analysis and origin of mitochondrial dna in chinese domestic pig. | the genetic diversity of eight domestic pigs was analyzed using a hypervariable fragment in the mitochondrial (mt) dna control region; a portion of the hypervariable control region (515 bp) was sequenced from 153 samples. haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity in yushan black pig populations were significantly higher than other populations (p < 0.01). a neighbor-joining tree was constructed from domestic pig mtdna and five wild pigs. the results indicate that there are only small differenc ... | 2016 | 24865908 |
| an mrna vaccine encoding rabies virus glycoprotein induces protection against lethal infection in mice and correlates of protection in adult and newborn pigs. | rabies is a zoonotic infectious disease of the central nervous system (cns). in unvaccinated or untreated subjects, rabies virus infection causes severe neurological symptoms and is invariably fatal. despite the long-standing existence of effective vaccines, vaccine availability remains insufficient, with high numbers of fatal infections mostly in developing countries. nucleic acid based vaccines have proven convincingly as a new technology for the fast development of vaccines against newly emer ... | 2016 | 27336830 |
| meiotic recombination analyses in pigs carrying different balanced structural chromosomal rearrangements. | correct pairing, synapsis and recombination between homologous chromosomes are essential for normal meiosis. all these events are strongly regulated, and our knowledge of the mechanisms involved in this regulation is increasing rapidly. chromosomal rearrangements are known to disturb these processes. in the present paper, synapsis and recombination (number and distribution of mlh1 foci) were studied in three boars (sus scrofa domestica) carrying different chromosomal rearrangements. one (t34he) ... | 2016 | 27124413 |
| molecular microevolution and epigenetic patterns of the long non-coding gene h19 show its potential function in pig domestication and breed divergence. | the domestic pig sus scrofa domesticus originated from the wild boar s. scrofa about 10,000 years ago. during domestication, drastic morphological, physiological, and behavioral changes developed between domestic pigs and wild boars through artificial and natural selection. the long non-coding rna (lncrna) h19, which is located within the imprinting gene cluster h19-igf2, plays an important role in regulating muscle development in humans and mice. this study systematically analyzed the molecular ... | 2016 | 27107967 |
| screening of bcl-2 associated x protein gene polymorphism associated with scrotal hernia in domesticated swine using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. | this study was conducted to screen scrotal hernia in domesticated swine from selected breeders in the philippines. this defect is associated with a cytosine to thymine mutation in the bcl-2 associated x protein (bax) gene of swine. | 2016 | 27165023 |
| pharmacokinetics of heroin and its metabolites in vitreous humor and blood in a living pig model. | vitreous humor (vh) is an alternative matrix for drug analysis in forensic toxicology. however, little is known about the distribution of xenobiotics, such as opioids, into vh in living organisms. the aim of this study was to simultaneously measure heroin and metabolite concentrations in blood and vh after injection of heroin in a living pig model. six pigs were under non-opioid anesthesia during the surgical operation and experiment. ocular microdialysis was used to acquire dialysate from vh, a ... | 2016 | 27660664 |
| changes in vocal parameters with social context in humpback whales: considering the effect of bystanders. | many theories and communication models developed from terrestrial studies focus on a simple dyadic exchange between a sender and receiver. during social interactions, the "frequency code" hypothesis suggests that frequency characteristics of vocal signals can simultaneously encode for static signaler attributes (size or sex) and dynamic information, such as motivation or emotional state. however, the additional presence of a bystander may result in a change of signaling behavior if the costs and ... | 2016 | 27217614 |
| cross-reactivity of porcine immunoglobulin a antibodies with fecal immunoglobulins of wild boar (sus scrofa) and other animal species. | fecal samples obtained from wild boar habitats are useful for the surveillance of diseases in wild boar populations; however, it is difficult to determine the species of origin of feces collected in natural habitats. in this study, a fecal iga elisa was evaluated as a method for identifying the porcine species from fecal samples. both domestic pigs (sus scrofa domestica) and wild boars (sus scrofa coreanus) showed significantly higher levels of fecal iga than other animal species. additionally, ... | 2016 | 27340389 |
| extracorporeal membrane oxygenation improves survival in a novel 24-hour pig model of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. | extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) is increasingly being used to treat severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards). however, there is limited clinical evidence about how to optimize the technique. experimental research can provide an alternative to fill the actual knowledge gap. the purpose of the present study was to develop and validate an animal model of acute lung injury (ali) which resembled severe ards, and which could be successfully supported with ecmo. eighteen pigs were r ... | 2016 | 27398166 |
| reconstructing jaw defects with mscs and plga-encapsulated growth factors. | cell and growth factor-based tissue engineering has shown great potentials for skeletal regeneration. this study tested its feasibility in reconstructing large mandibular defects and compared the efficacy of varied construction materials and sealing methods. bilateral mandibular critical-size (5-cm(3)) defects were created on six 4-month-old domestic pigs, and grafted with β-tricalcium phosphate (βtcp) only (group-a), βtcp with autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bm-mscs) (gro ... | 2016 | 27398152 |
| honest signaling in domestic piglets (sus scrofa domesticus): vocal allometry and the information content of grunt calls. | the information conveyed in acoustic signals is a central topic in mammal vocal communication research. body size is one form of information that can be encoded in calls. acoustic allometry aims to identify the specific acoustic correlates of body size within the vocalizations of a given species, and formants are often a useful acoustic cue in this context. we conducted a longitudinal investigation of acoustic allometry in domestic piglets (sus scrofa domesticus), asking whether formants of grun ... | 2016 | 27059064 |
| identification of bapa in strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolated from wild animals kept in captivity in sinaloa, mexico. | bapa, previously named stm2689, encodes the bapa protein, which, along with cellulose and fimbriae, constitutes biofilms. biofilms are communities of microorganisms that grow in a matrix of exopolysaccharides and may adhere to living tissues or inert surfaces. biofilm formation is associated with the ability to persist in different environments, which contributes to the pathogenicity of several species. we analyzed the presence of bapa in 83 strains belonging to 17 serovars of salmonella enteric ... | 2016 | 27379195 |
| foraging choices of vampire bats in diverse landscapes: potential implications for land-use change and disease transmission. | in latin america, the common vampire bat desmodus rotundus is the primary reservoir of rabies, a zoonotic virus that kills thousands of livestock annually and causes sporadic and lethal human rabies outbreaks. the proliferation of livestock provides an abundant food resource for this obligate blood-feeding species that could alter its foraging behaviour and rabies transmission, but poor understanding of the dietary plasticity of vampire bats limits understanding of how livestock influences rabie ... | 2016 | 27499553 |
| elemental analysis of bone, teeth, horn and antler in different animal species using non-invasive handheld x-ray fluorescence. | mineralized tissues accumulate elements that play crucial roles in animal health. although elemental content of bone, blood and teeth of human and some animal species have been characterized, data for many others are lacking, as well as species comparisons. here we describe the distribution of elements in horn (bovidae), antler (cervidae), teeth and bone (humerus) across a number of species determined by handheld x-ray fluorescence (xrf) to better understand differences and potential biological ... | 2016 | 27196603 |
| the relationship between mitochondrial dna haplotype and the reproductive capacity of domestic pigs (sus scrofa domesticus). | the maternally inherited mitochondrial genome encodes key proteins of the electron transfer chain, which produces the vast majority of cellular atp. mitochondrial dna (mtdna) present in the mature oocyte acts as a template for all mtdna that is replicated during development to meet the specific energy requirements of each tissue. individuals that share a maternal lineage cluster into groupings known as mtdna haplotypes. mtdna haplotypes confer advantages and disadvantages to an organism and this ... | 2016 | 27188709 |
| diversity of susceptible hosts in canine distemper virus infection: a systematic review and data synthesis. | canine distemper virus (cdv) is the etiological agent of one of the most infectious diseases of domestic dogs, also known as a highly prevalent viral infectious disease of carnivores and posing a conservation threat to endangered species around the world. to get a better panorama of cdv infection in different orders, a retrospective and documental systematic review of the role of cdv in different non-dog hosts was conducted. the bibliographical data were collected from medline/pubmed and scopus ... | 2016 | 27170307 |
| abstract: prs psrc podium proofs 2016. | 2016 | 27867775 | |
| structural classification of wild boar (sus scrofa) vocalizations. | determining whether a species' vocal communication system is graded or discrete requires definition of its vocal repertoire. in this context, research on domestic pig (sus scrofa domesticus) vocalizations, for example, has led to significant advances in our understanding of communicative functions. despite their close relation to domestic pigs, little is known about wild boar (sus scrofa) vocalizations. the few existing studies, conducted in the 1970s, relied on visual inspections of spectrogram ... | 2016 | 27065507 |
| establishing the volatile profile of pig carcasses as analogues for human decomposition during the early postmortem period. | following a mass disaster, it is important that victims are rapidly located as the chances of survival decrease greatly after approximately 48 h. urban search and rescue (usar) teams may use a range of tools to assist their efforts but detector dogs still remain one of the most effective search tools to locate victims of mass disasters. usar teams can choose to deploy human scent dogs (trained to locate living victims) or human remains detection (hrd) dogs (trained to locate deceased victims). h ... | 2016 | 27441249 |
| mammalian interspecies substitution of immune modulatory alleles by genome editing. | we describe a fundamentally novel feat of animal genetic engineering: the precise and efficient substitution of an agronomic haplotype into a domesticated species. zinc finger nuclease in-embryo editing of the rela locus generated live born domestic pigs with the warthog rela orthologue, associated with resilience to african swine fever. the ability to efficiently achieve interspecies allele introgression in one generation opens unprecedented opportunities for agriculture and basic research. | 2016 | 26898342 |
| a decade of pig genome sequencing: a window on pig domestication and evolution. | insight into how genomes change and adapt due to selection addresses key questions in evolutionary biology and in domestication of animals and plants by humans. in that regard, the pig and its close relatives found in africa and eurasia represent an excellent group of species that enables studies of the effect of both natural and human-mediated selection on the genome. the recent completion of the draft genome sequence of a domestic pig and the development of next-generation sequencing technolog ... | 2016 | 27025270 |
| topotecan delivery to the optic nerve after ophthalmic artery chemosurgery. | extraocular retinoblastoma is a major challenge worldwide, especially in developing countries. current treatment involves the administration of systemic chemotherapy combined with radiation, but there is a clear need for improvement of chemotherapy bioavailability in the optic nerve. our aim was to study the ophthalmic artery chemosurgery (oac) local route for drug delivery assessing ocular and optic nerve exposure to chemotherapy and to compare it to exposure after intravenous infusion (iv) of ... | 2016 | 26959658 |
| taxonomic separation of hippocampal networks: principal cell populations and adult neurogenesis. | while many differences in hippocampal anatomy have been described between species, it is typically not clear if they are specific to a particular species and related to functional requirements or if they are shared by species of larger taxonomic units. without such information, it is difficult to infer how anatomical differences may impact on hippocampal function, because multiple taxonomic levels need to be considered to associate behavioral and anatomical changes. to provide information on ana ... | 2016 | 27013984 |
| identification, localization, and functional analysis of the homologues of mouse cabs1 protein in porcine testis. | previously, we have identified a calcium-binding protein that is specifically expressed in spermatids and localized to the flagella of the mature sperm in mouse, so-called mcabs1. however, the physiological roles of cabs1 in the male reproductive system have not been fully elucidated yet. in the current study, we aimed to localize and clarify the role of cabs1 in porcine (pcabs1). we determined for the first time the full nucleotides sequence of pcabs1 mrna. pcabs1 protein was detected on sds-pa ... | 2016 | 26960363 |
| investigating the metabolic syndrome: contributions of swine models. | the metabolic syndrome (mets), a cluster of dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes and an important contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, occurs in nearly 35% of adults and 50% of the aging population in the united states. however, the underlying mechanisms by which mets orchestrates and amplifies cardiovascular events remain elusive. furthermore, traditional therapeutic strategies addressing lifestyle modifications and individual components of mets are often unsuccessful in d ... | 2016 | 26933085 |
| evaluation of a newly developed piezo actuator-driven pulsed water jet system for liver resection in a surviving swine animal model. | preservation of the hepatic vessels while dividing the parenchyma is key to achieving safe liver resection in a timely manner. in this study, we assessed the feasibility of a newly developed, piezo actuator-driven pulsed water jet (adpj) for liver resection in a surviving swine model. | 2016 | 26809992 |
| low-dose lithium stabilizes human endothelial barrier by decreasing mlc phosphorylation and universally augments cholinergic vasorelaxation capacity in a direct manner. | lithium at serum concentrations up to 1 mmol/l has been used in patients suffering from bipolar disorder for decades and has recently been shown to reduce the risk for ischemic stroke in these patients. the risk for stroke and thromboembolism depend not only on cerebral but also on general endothelial function and health; the entire endothelium as an organ is therefore pathophysiologically relevant. regardless, the knowledge about the direct impact of lithium on endothelial function remains poor ... | 2016 | 27999548 |
| the habitat of coccidioides spp. and the role of animals as reservoirs and disseminators in nature. | coccidioidomycosis, a potentially fatal fungal infection, is considered an emergent mycotic disease because of the increased incidence of fungal infections registered over recent years. infection occurs through the inhalation of arthroconidia from two main species of coccidioides: coccidioides immitis and c. posadasii, which are both endemic to arid and semi-arid regions of north america. coccidioides species not only infect humans but can also infect other mammals (land, aquatic, wild or domest ... | 2016 | 27724885 |
| the impact of proteolytic pork hydrolysate on microbial, flavor and free amino acids compounds of yogurt. | the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of proteolytic pork hydrolysate (pph) on yoghurt production by lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and streptococcus thermophilus. fresh lean pork was cut into pieces and mixed with deionized water and dealt with protease, then the resulting pph was added to milk to investigate the effects of pph on yoghurt production. the fermentation time, the viable cell counts, the flavor, free amino acids compounds, and sensory evaluation of yog ... | 2016 | 27621698 |
| cerebral autoregulation real-time monitoring. | cerebral autoregulation is a mechanism which maintains constant cerebral blood flow (cbf) despite changes in mean arterial pressure (map). assessing whether this mechanism is intact or impaired and determining its boundaries is important in many clinical settings, where primary or secondary injuries to the brain may occur. herein we describe the development of a new ultrasound tagged near infra red light monitor which tracks cbf trends, in parallel, it continuously measures blood pressure and co ... | 2016 | 27571474 |
| validation of a fecal glucocorticoid assay to assess adrenocortical activity in meerkats using physiological and biological stimuli. | in mammals, glucocorticoid (i.e. gc) levels have been associated with specific life-history stages and transitions, reproductive strategies, and a plethora of behaviors. assessment of adrenocortical activity via measurement of glucocorticoid metabolites in feces (fgcm) has greatly facilitated data collection from wild animals, due to its non-invasive nature, and thus has become an established tool in behavioral ecology and conservation biology. the aim of our study was to validate a fecal glucoc ... | 2016 | 27077741 |
| whipworms in humans and pigs: origins and demography. | trichuris suis and t. trichiura are two different whipworm species that infect pigs and humans, respectively. t. suis is found in pigs worldwide while t. trichiura is responsible for nearly 460 million infections in people, mainly in areas of poor sanitation in tropical and subtropical areas. the evolutionary relationship and the historical factors responsible for this worldwide distribution are poorly understood. in this study, we aimed to reconstruct the demographic history of trichuris in hum ... | 2016 | 26800683 |
| persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in domestic and wild small ruminants and camelids including the mountain goat (oreamnos americanus). | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is a pestivirus best known for causing a variety of disease syndromes in cattle, including gastrointestinal disease, reproductive insufficiency, immunosuppression, mucosal disease, and hemorrhagic syndrome. the virus can be spread by transiently infected individuals and by persistently infected animals that may be asymptomatic while shedding large amounts of virus throughout their lifetime. bvdv has been reported in over 40 domestic and free-ranging species, an ... | 2016 | 26779126 |
| absence of nucleolus formation in raccoon dog-porcine interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos results in embryonic developmental failure. | interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iscnt) can be a solution for preservation of endangered species that have limited oocytes. it has been reported that blastocyst production by iscnt is successful even if the genetic distances between donors and recipients are large. in particular, domestic pig oocytes can support the development of canine to porcine iscnt embryos. therefore, we examined whether porcine oocytes may be suitable recipient oocytes for korean raccoon dog iscnt. we investiga ... | 2016 | 27064112 |
| evaluating the risk of pathogen transmission from wild animals to domestic pigs in australia. | wild animals contribute to endemic infection in livestock as well as the introduction, reintroduction and maintenance of pathogens. the source of introduction of endemic diseases to a piggery is often unknown and the extent of wildlife contribution to such local spread is largely unexplored. the aim of the current study was to quantitatively assess the probability of domestic pigs being exposed to different pathogens from wild animals commonly found around commercial piggeries in australia. spec ... | 2016 | 26711303 |
| whole-genome mapping reveals a large chromosomal inversion on iberian brucella suis biovar 2 strains. | optical mapping is a technology able to quickly generate high resolution ordered whole-genome restriction maps of bacteria, being a proven approach to search for diversity among bacterial isolates. in this work, optical whole-genome maps were used to compare closely-related brucella suis biovar 2 strains. this biovar is the unique isolated in domestic pigs and wild boars in portugal and spain and most of the strains share specific molecular characteristics establishing an iberian clonal lineage ... | 2016 | 27527786 |
| brucella suis bacteremia misidentified as ochrobactrum anthropi by the vitek 2 system. | ochrobactrum and brucella are genetically related genera of the family brucellaceae, sharing 98.8% rrna similarity. because of their phenotypic similarity, ochrobactrum can be miscoded as brucella by automated identification systems. the misidentification on blood cultures (bcs) of b. suis as o. anthropi by the vitek 2 system is herein described. a 67-year-old male with a prosthetic mitral valve and fever was admitted with bacteremia due to a gram-negative coccobacillus identified as o. anthropi ... | 2016 | 27131010 |
| vaccine potential of two previously uncharacterized african swine fever virus isolates from southern africa and heterologous cross protection of an avirulent european isolate. | african swine fever (asf) is a mostly fatal viral infection of domestic pigs for which there is no vaccine available. the disease is endemic to most of sub-saharan africa, causes severe losses and threatens food security in large parts of the continent. naturally occurring attenuated asf viruses have been tested as vaccine candidates, but protection was variable depending on the challenge virus. in this study, the virulence of two african isolates, one from a tick vector and the other from an in ... | 2016 | 25073549 |
| incidence of ascaris suum-specific antibodies in austrian patients with suspected larva migrans visceralis (vlm) syndrome. | the pig roundworm, ascaris suum, is commonly found in domestic pigs all over the world. the transmission to humans takes place by ingestion of infective a. suum eggs present in soil because pig manure is widely used as fertilizer. the possible role of a. suum in the human visceral larva migrans (vlm) syndrome has been discussed controversially during past decades, even though various case reports, particularly from japan document pulmonal, hepatic and even cerebral symptoms caused by migrating a ... | 2016 | 26637313 |
| [african swine fever in russian federation]. | african swine fever (asf) is an infectious viral disease that causes high economic losses due to the necessity of depopulation of pigs in affected areas, sanitary measures, trade restrictions, etc. the virus (asfv) is relatively stable in the unprocessed meat products and environment. thus, large areas are at risk due to free movement of people and products. the asfv does not affect people and animals, except the wild and domestic pigs. some ticks can become infected and carry the virus for year ... | 2016 | 23248852 |
| investigation into the epidemiology of african swine fever virus at the wildlife - domestic interface of the gorongosa national park, central mozambique. | an epidemiological study of african swine fever (asf) was conducted between march 2006 and september 2007 in a rural area adjacent to the gorongosa national park (gnp) located in the central mozambique. domestic pigs and warthogs were sampled to determine the prevalence of antibodies against asf virus and the salivary antigens of ornithodoros spp. ticks, while ticks collected from pig pens were tested for the presence of asfv. in addition, 310 framers were interviewed to gain a better understand ... | 2016 | 25483914 |
| african swine fever diagnosis adapted to tropical conditions by the use of dried-blood filter papers. | the performance of whatman 3-mm filter papers for the collection, drying, shipment and long-term storage of blood at ambient temperature, and for the detection of african swine fever virus and antibodies was assessed. conventional and real-time pcr, viral isolation and antibody detection by elisa were performed on paired samples (blood/tissue versus dried-blood 3-mm filter papers) collected from experimentally infected pigs and from farm pigs in madagascar and côte d'ivoire. 3-mm filter papers w ... | 2016 | 25430732 |
| immunization of african indigenous pigs with attenuated genotype i african swine fever virus ourt88/3 induces protection against challenge with virulent strains of genotype i. | the attenuated african swine fever virus genotype i strain ourt88/3 has previously been shown to induce protection of european breeds of domestic pigs against challenge with virulent isolates. to determine whether protective immune responses could also be induced in indigenous breeds of pigs from the kinshassa region in democratic republic of congo, we immunized a group of eight pigs with ourt88/3 strain and challenged the pigs 3 weeks later with virulent genotype i strain ourt88/1. four of the ... | 2016 | 25691347 |
| experimental pig-to-pig transmission dynamics for african swine fever virus, georgia 2007/1 strain. | african swine fever virus (asfv) continues to cause outbreaks in domestic pigs and wild boar in eastern european countries. to gain insights into its transmission dynamics, we estimated the pig-to-pig basic reproduction number (r 0) for the georgia 2007/1 asfv strain using a stochastic susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (seir) model with parameters estimated from transmission experiments. models showed that r 0 is 2·8 [95% confidence interval (ci) 1·3-4·8] within a pen and 1·4 (95% ci 0·6- ... | 2016 | 25989921 |
| challenges for african swine fever vaccine development-"… perhaps the end of the beginning." | african swine fever (asf), an acute, viral hemorrhagic disease in domestic swine with mortality rates approaching 100%, is arguably the most significant emerging disease threat for the swine industry worldwide. devastating asf outbreaks and continuing epidemic in the caucasus region and russia (2007-to date) highlight significance of this disease threat. there is no vaccine for asf, thus leaving animal slaughter the only effective disease control option. it is clear, however, that vaccination is ... | 2016 | 27756505 |
| apigenin inhibits african swine fever virus infection in vitro. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is one of the most devastating diseases of domestic pigs for which no effective vaccines are available. flavonoids, natural products isolated from plants, have been reported to have significant in vitro and in vivo antiviral activity against different viruses. here, we tested the antiviral effect of five flavonoids on the replication of asfv in vero cells. our results showed a potent, dose-dependent anti-asfv effect of apigenin in vitro. time-of-addition experime ... | 2016 | 27638776 |
| induction of robust immune responses in swine by using a cocktail of adenovirus-vectored african swine fever virus antigens. | the african swine fever virus (asfv) causes a fatal hemorrhagic disease in domestic swine, and at present no treatment or vaccine is available. natural and gene-deleted, live attenuated strains protect against closely related virulent strains; however, they are yet to be deployed and evaluated in the field to rule out chronic persistence and a potential for reversion to virulence. previous studies suggest that antibodies play a role in protection, but induction of cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) ... | 2016 | 27628166 |
| in vitro inhibition of african swine fever virus-topoisomerase ii disrupts viral replication. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is the etiological agent of a highly-contagious and fatal disease of domestic pigs, leading to serious socio-economic impact in affected countries. to date, neither a vaccine nor a selective anti-viral drug are available for prevention or treatment of african swine fever (asf), emphasizing the need for more detailed studies at the role of asfv proteins involved in viral dna replication and transcription. notably, asfv encodes for a functional type ii topoisomeras ... | 2016 | 27568922 |
| companion animals as a source of viruses for human beings and food production animals. | companion animals comprise a wide variety of species, including dogs, cats, horses, ferrets, guinea pigs, reptiles, birds and ornamental fish, as well as food production animal species, such as domestic pigs, kept as companion animals. despite their prominent place in human society, little is known about the role of companion animals as sources of viruses for people and food production animals. therefore, we reviewed the literature for accounts of infections of companion animals by zoonotic viru ... | 2016 | 27522300 |
| deletion of african swine fever virus interferon inhibitors from the genome of a virulent isolate reduces virulence in domestic pigs and induces a protective response. | african swine fever virus (asfv) encodes multiple copies of mgf360 and mgf530/505 gene families. these genes have been implicated in the modulation of the type i interferon (ifn) response. we investigated the effect of modulating the ifn response on virus attenuation and induction of protective immunity by deleting genes mgf360 (mgf360-10l, 11l, 12l, 13l, 14l) and mgf530/505 (mgf530/505-1r, 2r and 3r) and interrupting genes (mgf360-9l and mgf530/505-4r) in the genome of the virulent asfv isolate ... | 2016 | 27521231 |
| the ep152r orf of african swine fever virus strain georgia encodes for an essential gene that interacts with host protein bag6. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is the etiological agent of a contagious and often lethal disease of domestic pigs that has significant economic consequences for the swine industry. the viral genome encodes for more than 150 genes, and only a select few of these genes have been studied in some detail. here we report the characterization of open reading frame ep152r that has a predicted complement control module/scr domain. this domain is found in vaccinia virus proteins that are involved in blo ... | 2016 | 27497620 |
| development of a duplex lateral flow assay for simultaneous detection of antibodies against african and classical swine fever viruses. | classical swine fever (csf) and african swine fever (asf) are both highly contagious diseases of domestic pigs and wild boar and are clinically indistinguishable. for both diseases, antibody detection is an integral and crucial part of prevention and control measures. the purpose of our study was to develop and initially validate a duplex pen-side test for simultaneous detection and differentiation of specific antibodies against csf virus (csfv) and asf virus (asfv). the test was based on the ma ... | 2016 | 27400954 |
| recombinant protein p30 for serological diagnosis of african swine fever by immunoblotting assay. | this article is devoted to the development and evaluation of the immunoblotting test system for serological diagnosis of african swine fever (asf), based on the highly purified recombinant p30 of asf virus (asfv) strain stavropol 01/08 (stavropol 2008), representative of the asfv currently circulating in the russian federation. the main project stages are as follows: (i) cloning of the central hydrophilic region of the asfv gene cp204l (p30) into a prokaryotic vector; (ii) expression and chromat ... | 2016 | 27390151 |
| diagnosis and genotyping of african swine fever viruses from 2015 outbreaks in zambia. | in early 2015, a highly fatal haemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs resembling african swine fever (asf) occurred in north western, copperbelt, and lusaka provinces of zambia. molecular diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction targeting specific amplification of p72 (b646l) gene of asf virus (asfv) was conducted. fourteen out of 16 domestic pigs from the affected provinces were found to be positive for asfv. phylogenetic analyses based on part of the p72 and the complete p54 (e183l) genes revealed ... | 2016 | 27247062 |
| identification of a new genotype of african swine fever virus in domestic pigs from ethiopia. | african swine fever (asf) is an important emerging transboundary animal disease (tad), which currently has an impact on many countries in africa, eastern europe, the caucasus and the russian federation. the current situation in europe shows the ability of the virus to rapidly spread, which stands to threaten the global swine industry. at present, there is no viable vaccine to minimize spread of the disease and stamping out is the main source of control. in february 2011, ethiopia had reported it ... | 2016 | 27211823 |
| african swine fever virus georgia isolate harboring deletions of 9gl and mgf360/505 genes is highly attenuated in swine but does not confer protection against parental virus challenge. | african swine fever virus (asfv) produces a contagious disease of domestic pigs that results in severe economic consequences to the swine industry. control of the disease has been hampered by the unavailability of vaccines. we recently reported the development of two experimental vaccine strains (asfv-g-δ9gl and asfv-g-δmgf) based on the attenuation of the highly virulent and epidemiologically relevant georgia2007 isolate. deletion of the 9gl gene or six genes of the mgf360/505 group produced tw ... | 2016 | 27182007 |
| african swine fever virus undergoes outer envelope disruption, capsid disassembly and inner envelope fusion before core release from multivesicular endosomes. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is a nucleocytoplasmic large dna virus (ncldv) that causes a highly lethal disease in domestic pigs. as other ncldvs, the extracellular form of asfv possesses a multilayered structure consisting of a genome-containing nucleoid successively wrapped by a thick protein core shell, an inner lipid membrane, an icosahedral protein capsid and an outer lipid envelope. this structural complexity suggests an intricate mechanism of internalization in order to deliver the vi ... | 2016 | 27110717 |
| african swine fever virus introduction into the eu in 2014: experience of latvia. | african swine fever (asf) virus was introduced in latvia in june 2014. thirty-two outbreaks in domestic pigs and 217 cases in wild boar were notified in 2014. twenty-eight outbreaks (87.5%) were primary outbreaks. the contagiosity within pig herds was low. failure to use simple biosecurity measures to reduce the chance of virus introduction, for example by inadvertent feeding of locally produced virus contaminated fodder were the main causes for the outbreaks in backyard holdings. the infection ... | 2016 | 27033903 |
| recombinant newcastle disease virus expressing african swine fever virus protein 72 is safe and immunogenic in mice. | african swine fever (asf) is a lethal hemorrhagic disease that affects wild and domestic swine. the etiological agent of asf is african swine fever virus (asfv). since the first case was described in kenya in 1921, the disease has spread to many other countries. no commercial vaccines are available to prevent asf. in this study, we generated a recombinant newcastle disease virus (rndv) expressing asfv protein 72 (p72) by reverse genetics and evaluated its humoral and cellular immunogenicity in a ... | 2016 | 26980334 |
| african swine fever virus: current state and future perspectives in vaccine and antiviral research. | african swine fever (asf) is among the most significant of swine diseases for which no effective vaccines and antivirals are available. the disease, which is endemic in africa, was introduced to trans-caucasian countries and the russian federation in 2007, where it remains prevalent today among domestic pigs and wild boars. although some measures were implemented, asf continues to pose a global risk for all countries, and thereby highlighting the importance of vaccine and antiviral research. in ... | 2016 | 26931386 |
| deletion of the thymidine kinase gene induces complete attenuation of the georgia isolate of african swine fever virus. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is the etiological agent of a contagious and often lethal viral disease of domestic pigs. there are no vaccines to control africa swine fever (asf). experimental vaccines have been developed using genetically modified live attenuated asfvs obtained by specifically deleting virus genes involved in virulence, including the thymidine kinase (tk) gene. tk has been shown to be involved in the virulence of several viruses, including asfv. here we report the constructio ... | 2016 | 26656424 |
| pathogen presence in european starlings inhabiting commercial piggeries in south australia. | the majority of bacterial diarrhea-causing illnesses in domestic pigs result from infection with escherichia coli, salmonella spp., or campylobacter spp. these bacterial enteropathogens also correspond with the most-common bacteria isolated from wild birds. additionally, viral pathogens such as avian influenza virus (aiv), west nile virus (wnv, including kunjin disease), and newcastle disease virus (ndv) may also be carried and transmitted by birds in australia. introduced european starlings (st ... | 2016 | 27309283 |