Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| characterization of extrachromosomal replicons present in the extended host range rhizobium sp. lpu83. | in several rhizobia, bacteria that inhabit the soil in free-living conditions and associate in symbiosis with the root of legumes as nitrogen-fixing organisms, plasmid dna can constitute a high percentage of the genome. we have characterized acid-tolerant isolates of rhizobia-here represented by the strain rhizobium sp. lpu83-that have an extended nodulation-host range including alfalfa, the common bean, and leucena leucocephala. in this study we analyzed the plasmids of r. sp. lpu83 in order to ... | 2010 | 20621118 |
| efficient rhizosphere colonization by pseudomonas fluorescens f113 mutants unable to form biofilms on abiotic surfaces. | motility is a key trait for rhizosphere colonization by pseudomonas fluorescens. mutants with reduced motility are poor competitors, and hypermotile, more competitive phenotypic variants are selected in the rhizosphere. flagellar motility is a feature associated to planktonic, free-living single cells, and although it is necessary for the initial steps of biofilm formation, bacteria in biofilm lack flagella. to test the correlation between biofilm formation and rhizosphere colonization, we have ... | 2010 | 20626456 |
| utilization of nitrogen in cows consuming wet distillers grains with solubles in alfalfa and corn silage-based dairy rations. | the objectives of this experiment were to determine the effects of forage type on nutrient digestibility, purine derivative excretion, nitrogen utilization, and milk production in dairy cattle consuming rations containing high levels of wet distillers grains with solubles (wdgs). primiparous (n=8) and multiparous (n=20) holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 x 4 latin square. animals were fed 1 of 4 treatments during each 21-d period: 1) cont-cs, 0% wdgs and high corn silage; 2) cont-as, 0% w ... | 2010 | 20630234 |
| quantifying ruminal digestion of organic matter and neutral detergent fiber using the omasal sampling technique in cattle--a meta-analysis. | a data set from 32 studies (122 diets) was used to evaluate the accuracy and precision of the omasal sampling technique by investigating the relationships between ruminal and total digestion of neutral detergent fiber (ndf), between intake and apparent and true ruminal digestion of organic matter (om), and between omasal nan flow and milk protein yield. a mixed model regression analysis with random study effect was used to evaluate the relationships. the data were obtained when feeding north ame ... | 2010 | 20630237 |
| quantifying ruminal nitrogen metabolism using the omasal sampling technique in cattle--a meta-analysis. | mixed model analysis of data from 32 studies (122 diets) was used to evaluate the precision and accuracy of the omasal sampling technique for quantifying ruminal-n metabolism and to assess the relationships between nonammonia-n flow at the omasal canal and milk protein yield. data were derived from experiments in cattle fed north american diets (n=36) based on alfalfa silage, corn silage, and corn grain and northern european diets (n=86) composed of grass silage and barley-based concentrates. in ... | 2010 | 20630238 |
| effects of partially replacing barley silage or barley grain with dried distillers grains with solubles on rumen fermentation and milk production of lactating dairy cows. | dried distillers grains with solubles (ddgs) has been commonly used as a dietary protein source for lactating dairy cows. however, there is a paucity of data evaluating the use of ddgs as a partial replacement of forage or grain. the objective of this study was to determine the effects of partially replacing barley silage or barley grain with corn/wheat-based ddgs on dry matter intake (dmi), chewing activity, rumen fermentation, and milk production. six ruminally cannulated lactating holstein co ... | 2010 | 20630239 |
| effects of feeding alfalfa hay on chewing, rumen ph, and milk fat concentration of dairy cows fed wheat dried distillers grains with solubles as a partial substitute for barley silage. | the objective of this study was to determine the effects of feeding alfalfa hay on chewing activity, rumen fermentation, and milk fat concentration of dairy cows fed wheat-based dried distillers grains with solubles (ddgs) as a partial replacement of barley silage. thirty lactating holstein cows (220+/-51 dim), 6 of which were ruminally cannulated, were used in a 3 x 3 latin square design with 21-d periods. cows were fed a control diet [con; 50% barley silage and 50% concentrate mix on a dry mat ... | 2010 | 20630240 |
| disparity of dietary effects on collagen characteristics and toughness between two beef muscles. | manipulation of growth rate and/or diet has been shown to affect protein turnover and may be used to improve beef quality. this trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of average daily gain (adg) and diet on animal performance, collagen characteristics and beef quality of two different muscles; longissimus dorsi (ld) and semitendinosus (st). seventy six hereford and angus steers were assigned to three dietary management regimens for finishing: high grain diet based on corn (n=28), alfalfa pa ... | 2010 | 20646835 |
| effect of the feeding system on the fatty acid composition, expression of the delta9-desaturase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, gamma, and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 genes in the semitendinous muscle of light lambs of the rasa aragonesa breed. | conjugated linoleic acids (clas) are receiving increasing attention because of their beneficial effects on human health, with milk and meat products derived from ruminants as important sources of cla in the human diet. scd gene is responsible for some of the variation in cla concentration in adipose tissues, and ppargamma, pparalpha and srebp1 genes are regulator of scd gene. the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the feeding system on fatty acid composition, cla content and relative ... | 2010 | 20649987 |
| comparison of fermentation of diets of variable composition and microbial populations in the rumen of sheep and rusitec fermenters. i. digestibility, fermentation parameters, and microbial growth. | four ruminally and duodenally cannulated sheep and 8 rusitec fermenters were used to determine the effects of forage to concentrate (f:c) ratio and type of forage in the diet on ruminal fermentation and microbial protein synthesis. the purpose of the study was to assess how closely fermenters can mimic the dietary differences found in vivo. the 4 experimental diets contained f:c ratios of 70:30 or 30:70 with either alfalfa hay or grass hay as the forage. microbial growth was determined in both s ... | 2010 | 20655438 |
| comparison of fermentation of diets of variable composition and microbial populations in the rumen of sheep and rusitec fermenters. ii. protozoa population and diversity of bacterial communities. | four ruminally and duodenally cannulated sheep and 8 rusitec fermenters were used to determine the effects of dietary characteristics on microbial populations and bacterial diversity. the purpose of the study was to assess how closely fermenters can mimic the differences between diets found in vivo. the 4 experimental diets contained forage to concentrate (f:c) ratios of 70:30 (high forage; hf) or 30:70 (high concentrate; hc) with either alfalfa hay (a) or grass hay (g) as the forage. total bact ... | 2010 | 20655439 |
| feed delivery method affects the learning of feeding and competitive behavior in dairy heifers. | the objective of this study was to determine how different feeding methods may affect the learning of feeding, sorting, and competitive behavior of growing dairy heifers. we hypothesized that heifers previously fed a total mixed ration (tmr) would distribute their feeding time more evenly throughout the day, sort the new ration less, compete less for feed, maintain a more solid fecal consistency, and continue to grow rapidly compared with heifers previously fed a top-dressed ration (tdr). thirty ... | 2010 | 20655442 |
| [changes of cytokine secretion in mice by immunization with leaf protein extracted from echinococcus granulosus eg95-ega31 transgenic alfalfa]. | to investigate the weight reduction of hydatid cyst and the changes of cytokine secretion in mice immunized by leaf protein extracted from echinococcus granulosus (eg) eg95-ega31 transgenic alfalfa and challenged by eg protoscoleces. | 2010 | 20666308 |
| pyruvate is synthesized by two pathways in pea bacteroids with different efficiencies for nitrogen fixation. | nitrogen fixation in legume bacteroids is energized by the metabolism of dicarboxylic acids, which requires their oxidation to both oxaloacetate and pyruvate. in alfalfa bacteroids, production of pyruvate requires nad+ malic enzyme (dme) but not nadp+ malic enzyme (tme). however, we show that rhizobium leguminosarum has two pathways for pyruvate formation from dicarboxylates catalyzed by dme and by the combined activities of phosphoenolpyruvate (pep) carboxykinase (pcka) and pyruvate kinase (pyk ... | 2010 | 20675477 |
| short-term grazing of lucerne and chicory increases ovulation rate in synchronised merino ewes. | this study evaluated the ability of short-term grazing of live=green pasture to increase ovulation rate during late summer when annual pasture is generally dead and of low quality. ovulation rates, measured by the number of corpora lutea, were compared between 4 nutritional treatments: senesced phalaris (phalaris aquatica), phalaris plus 500g lupin grain per day, lucerne (medicago sativa) or chicory (chicorum intybus) pastures. the study used 100 merino ewes per treatment, divided between 2 repl ... | 2010 | 20678872 |
| host and nonhost resistance in medicago-colletotrichum interactions. | medicago truncatula lines resistant (a17) or susceptible (f83005.5) to the alfalfa pathogen colletotrichum trifolii were used to compare defense reactions induced upon inoculation with c. trifolii or with the nonadapted pathogens c. lindemuthianum and c. higginsianum. nonadapted colletotrichum spp. induced a hypersensitive response (hr)-like reaction similar to the one induced during the host-incompatible interaction. molecular analyses indicated an induction of pr10 and chalcone synthase genes ... | 2010 | 20687801 |
| sinorhizobium meliloti requires a cobalamin-dependent ribonucleotide reductase for symbiosis with its plant host. | vitamin b(12) (cobalamin) is a critical cofactor for animals and protists, yet its biosynthesis is limited to prokaryotes. we previously showed that the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing alphaproteobacterium sinorhizobium meliloti requires cobalamin to establish a symbiotic relationship with its plant host, medicago sativa (alfalfa). here, the specific requirement for cobalamin in the s. meliloti-alfalfa symbiosis was investigated. of the three known cobalamin-dependent enzymes in s. meliloti, the methy ... | 2010 | 20698752 |
| phenotypic and genetic diversity in sinorhizobium meliloti and s. medicae from drought and salt affected regions of morocco. | sinorhizobium meliloti and s. medicae are symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria in root nodules of forage legume alfalfa (medicago sativa l.). in morocco, alfalfa is usually grown in marginal soils of arid and semi-arid regions frequently affected by drought, extremes of temperature and soil ph, soil salinity and heavy metals, which affect biological nitrogen fixing ability of rhizobia and productivity of the host. this study examines phenotypic diversity for tolerance to the above stresses and gen ... | 2010 | 20089174 |
| influence of rpon on isocitrate lyase activity in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | pseudomonas aeruginosa is the major aetiological agent of chronic pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). the metabolic pathways utilized by p. aeruginosa during these infections, which can persist for decades, are poorly understood. several lines of evidence suggest that the glyoxylate pathway, which utilizes acetate or fatty acids to replenish intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is an important metabolic pathway for p. aeruginosa adapted to the cf lung. isocitrat ... | 2010 | 20093293 |
| biochanin-a, an isoflavon, showed anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities through the inhibition of inos expression, p38-mapk and atf-2 phosphorylation and blocking nfκb nuclear translocation. | biochanin-a, an isoflavone, existing in red clover, cabbage and alfalfa, has an inhibitory and apoptogenic effect on certain cancer cells. however, the actual mechanism by which this compound inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in cancer cells and the mechanism of its anti-inflammatory activities have not been well characterized. in this study, we have investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activity of biochanin-a. the effects of biochanin-a on raw 264.7, ht-29 cell l ... | 2010 | 21147093 |
| role of pollen allergy in taiwanese patients with allergic rhinitis. | pollen allergy is believed to be less common in east asia, latin america, and tropical areas. the purpose of this study was to understand the role of pollen allergy in taiwan. | 2010 | 21195885 |
| immunodetection of retinoblastoma-related protein and its phosphorylated form in interphase and mitotic alfalfa cells. | plant retinoblastoma-related (rbr) proteins are primarily considered as key regulators of g(1)/s phase transition, with functional roles in a variety of cellular events during plant growth and organ development. polyclonal antibody against the c-terminal region of the arabidopsis rbr1 protein also specifically recognizes the alfalfa 115 kda msrbr protein, as shown by the antigen competition assay. the msrbr protein was detected in all cell cycle phases, with a moderate increase in samples repres ... | 2010 | 21196474 |
| phytoestrogenic compounds in alfalfa sprout (medicago sativa) beyond coumestrol. | coumestrol has long been known as the phytoestrogenic compound in alfalfa. however, it has been demonstrated that the ethyl acetate extract of alfalfa sprout (aea) attenuated the disease severity and increased survival and life span of autoimmune-prone mrl-lpr/lpr mice. coumestrol, on the contrary, decreased the survival. this study thus aimed to isolate and identify phytoestrogenic compounds other than coumestrol in aea. aea was fractionated and separated by successive silica gel chromatography ... | 2010 | 21158449 |
| influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza and rhizobium on phytoremediation by alfalfa of an agricultural soil contaminated with weathered pcbs: a field study. | a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of inoculation with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus caledonium and/or rhizobium meliloti on phytoremediation of an agricultural soil contaminated with weathered pcbs by alfalfa grown for 180 days. planting alfalfa (p), alfalfa inoculated with g. caledonium (p + am), alfalfa inoculated with r. meliloti (p + r), and alfalfa co-inoculated with r. meliloti and g. caledonium (p+am+r) decreased significantly initial soil pcb concentrations ... | 2010 | 21166292 |
| influence of rhizobium meliloti on phytoremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by alfalfa in an aged contaminated soil. | microbe-assisted phytoremediation is emerging as one of the most effective means by which plants and their associated rhizosphere microbes degrade organic contaminants in soils. a pot study was conducted to examine the effects of inoculation with rhizobium meliloti on phytoremediation by alfalfa grown for 90 days in an agricultural soil contaminated with weathered polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs). planting with uninoculated alfalfa (p) and alfalfa inoculated with r. meliloti (pr) signific ... | 2010 | 21177027 |
| a comparison of two class 10 pathogenesis-related genes from alfalfa and their activation by multiple stresses and stress-related signaling molecules. | a collection of 29 pathogenesis-related 10 (pr10) genes of medicago sativa and medicago truncatula showed that they were almost all obtained from cdna libraries of tissues undergoing abiotic or biotic stresses. the predicted proteins could be divided into two subclasses, pr10.1 and pr10.2, but in silico predicted models of their three-dimensional structures revealed that they could be further divided based on size of the hydrophobic internal cavity and number of β-bulges. a comparison of the exp ... | 2010 | 20703880 |
| the 3' untranslated region of the two cytosolic glutamine synthetase (gs(1)) genes in alfalfa (medicago sativa) regulates transcript stability in response to glutamine. | glutamine synthetase (gs) catalyzes the atp-dependent condensation of ammonia with glutamate to produce glutamine. the gs enzyme is located either in the chloroplast (gs(2)) or in the cytoplasm (gs(1)). gs(1) is encoded by a small gene family and the members exhibit differential expression pattern mostly attributed to transcriptional regulation. based on our recent finding that a soybean gs(1) gene, gmglnβ ( 1 ) is subject to its 3'utr-mediated post-transcriptional regulation as a transgene in a ... | 2010 | 20706735 |
| the influence of forage diets and aging on beef palatability. | to investigate the influence of diet and aging on beef palatability, lipid oxidative stability, and fatty acid composition, crossbred steers were assigned to feedlot s (alfalfa and grain), forage tr (triticale and annual ryegrass), forage tk (triticale and kale), or forage+feedlot (grazing ryegrass, fescue and orchardgrass, finished on alfalfa and grain) dietary treatments. heifers were finished on feedlot h (alfalfa and grain). longissimus and tricep muscles were sampled from these animals for ... | 2010 | 20709462 |
| comparison of in vitro digestibility estimates using the daisyii incubator with in vivo digestibility estimates in horses. | the objective of this study was to determine if in vitro methodologies developed for the ankom daisy(ii) incubator could produce accurate estimates of in vivo equine dm digestibility (dmd) and ndf digestibility (ndfd) when equine feces were used as the inoculum source. four mature geldings were utilized in a 4 × 4 latin square design experiment with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments (timothy hay, alfalfa hay, timothy hay plus oats, and alfalfa hay plus oats), in which the geldi ... | 2010 | 20709869 |
| effect of weaning age on feed intake and ruminal fermentation patterns of calves fed a dry total mixed ration with ad libitum access to grass hay. | to study the effect of weaning age on average daily gain (adg), dry matter intake (dmi) and ruminal fermentation, 10 rumen-cannulated male holstein calves were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: (i) early weaned at 8 weeks of age (235 l milk); (ii) conventionally weaned at 12 weeks of age (347 l milk). twice daily grass hay (9.0 mj me x kg(-1) dm) and a dry total mixed ration (tmr) (11.6 mj me x kg(-1) dm) containing 15% alfalfa hay and 85% concentrates were offered separately. water wa ... | 2010 | 20722300 |
| palmate-like pentafoliata1 encodes a novel cys(2)his(2) zinc finger transcription factor essential for compound leaf morphogenesis in medicago truncatula. | as the primary site for photosynthetic carbon fixation and the interface between plants and the environment, plant leaves play a key role in plant growth, biomass production and survival, and global carbon and oxygen cycles. leaves can be simple with a single blade or compound with multiple units of blades known as leaflets. in a palmate-type compound leaf, leaflets are clustered at the tip of the leaf. in a pinnate-type compound leaf, on the other hand, leaflets are placed on a rachis in distan ... | 2010 | 20724826 |
| physiological characteristics of several rumen protozoa grown in vitro with observations on within and among species variation. | when fed equal amounts of substrate, two epidinium caudatum clone cultures of markedly different size produced similar volumes of microbial protoplasm. addition of up to 50% volume of 72h culture medium had no inhibitory effects on growth of epidinium. two clone cultures of epidinium caudatum from australia had longer generation times and showed less substrate attachment when compared to ohio clones of this same species. substitution of alfalfa for orchardgrass in the normal substrate increased ... | 2010 | 20801008 |
| development of a multiplex real-time pcr assay with internal amplification control for the detection of shigella species and enteroinvasive escherichia coli. | shigella species, particularly s. sonnei and s. flexneri, remain some of the leading bacterial etiological agents of gastrointestinal diseases in the united states and globally. the isolation and detection of these foodborne pathogens are critical for preventing the spread of disease and facilitating epidemiological investigations aimed at determining the source of a shigella infection outbreak. a multiplex real-time pcr-based assay was developed that targets all four species of shigella plus en ... | 2010 | 20828467 |
| [soil microbial properties under different vegetation types in loess hilly region]. | by using fumigation-extract (fe) method and biolog ecoplate, this paper investigated the microbial biomass and diversity in 0-20 cm soil layer under five vegetation types, including artificial woodland, shrubland, cropland, abandoned farmland, and natural grassland, in dingxi of gansu province. in the meanwhile, the relationships between soil microbes and soil nutrients were studied by path analysis, and the five typical vegetation types were evaluated from the aspect of soil microbes. relative ... | 2010 | 20387439 |
| influence of the cyanotoxin microcystin-lr on tocopherol in alfalfa seedlings (medicago sativa). | spray irrigation of crop plants can represent a risk if the water is contaminated with cyanotoxins. these secondary metabolites produced by many cyanobacteria can have adverse effects on organisms, among others the induction of excess oxygen radicals, so-called oxidative stress. thereby tocopherol as a lipid antioxidant is essential to maintain membrane integrity. in this study the effects of the cyanotoxin microcystin-lr (mc-lr), and a microcystis crude extract (mic-ce) containing mc-lr on toco ... | 2010 | 20398686 |
| characterization of kluyveromyces marxianus as a potential feed additive for ruminants. | the aim of this study was to find suitable yeast isolates as potential microbial feed additives for ruminants. | 2010 | 20406377 |
| effects of partial replacement of concentrate with feed blocks on nutrient utilization, microbial n flow, and milk yield and composition in goats. | two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of partial replacement of concentrate with 2 types of feed blocks (fb) on rumen protozoa numbers, nutrient utilization, microbial n flow to the duodenum, and milk yield and composition in goats. the concentrate included oat, corn grain, barley, soybean meal, salt, and vitamin-mineral mixture. the fb (types i and ii) were composed of crude 2-stage olive cake (120 or 100g/kg), fava beans (0 or 400g/kg), barley (320 or 200g/kg), beet molasses ... | 2010 | 20412923 |
| autoregulation of sinorhizobium meliloti exor gene expression. | the successful nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between the gram-negative soil bacterium sinorhizobium meliloti and its leguminous plant host alfalfa (medicago sativa) requires the bacterial exopolysaccharide succinoglycan. succinoglycan and flagellum production, along with the ability to metabolize more than 20 different carbon sources and control the expression of a large number of s. meliloti genes, is regulated by the exor-exos/chvi signalling pathway. the exor protein interacts with and suppresses ... | 2010 | 20413557 |
| reduction of salmonella on alfalfa seeds using peroxyacetic acid and a commercial seed washer is as effective as treatment with 20 000 ppm of ca(ocl)2. | the efficacy of a commercial seed washer and 1 and 3% peroxyacetic acid or 20 000 ppm calcium hypochlorite for reducing salmonella on alfalfa seeds was investigated. | 2010 | 20840553 |
| evaluation of in vitro gas production and rumen bacterial populations fermenting corn milling (co)products. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the fermentation dynamics of 2 commonly fed corn (co)products in their intact and defatted forms, using the in vitro gas production (ivgp) technique, and to investigate the shifts of the predominant rumen bacterial populations using the 16s rdna bacterial tag-encoded flx amplicon pyrosequencing (btefap) technique. the btefap technique was used to determine the bacterial profile of each fermentation time at 24 and 48 h. bacterial populations were identi ... | 2010 | 20855008 |
| effect of feed sorting on chewing behavior, production, and rumen fermentation in lactating dairy cows. | ration sorting is thought to allow cows to eat different rations throughout the day, causing fluctuations in rumen fermentation patterns that can be detrimental to production and possibly animal health. the objective of this experiment was to study the effects of varying total mixed ration (tmr) particle size on sorting behavior of lactating dairy cows and to evaluate effects on chewing behavior, milk yield, milk components, and rumen fermentation. eight multiparous, holstein cows (90±32 d in mi ... | 2010 | 20855013 |
| maturity of coastal bermudagrass and alfalfa affects ruminal in situ and total tract dry matter and phosphorus disappearance in cannulated steers. | variability of phosphorus (p) availability among forage species and plant maturity is largely ignored when formulating ruminant diets. to determine if variability in p availability changes with forage species and/or maturity, ruminal in situ and total (ruminal+post-ruminal) dry matter (dm) and phosphorus disappearance (pd) from alfalfa (alf; medicago sativa) and coastal bermudagrass (cb; cynodon dactylon) harvested at four stages of maturity was measured in cattle. forages were hand clipped at 1 ... | 2010 | 20880283 |
| inactivation of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella spp. on alfalfa seeds by caprylic acid and monocaprylin. | alfalfa and other seed sprouts have been implicated in several escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella spp. human illness outbreaks in the u.s. continuing food safety issues with alfalfa seeds necessitate the need for discovery and use of novel and effective antimicrobials. the potential use of caprylic acid (ca) and monocaprylin (mc) for reducing e. coli o157:h7 and salmonella spp. populations on alfalfa seeds was evaluated. the effectiveness of three concentrations of ca and mc (25, 50, and 75 ... | 2010 | 20926150 |
| effects of physically effective fiber on chewing activity, ruminal fermentation, and digestibility in goats. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of physically effective ndf (pendf) in goat diets containing alfalfa hay as the sole forage source on feed intake, chewing activity, ruminal fermentation, and nutrient digestibility. four rumen-fistulated goats were fed different proportions of chopped and ground alfalfa hay in a 4 × 4 latin square design. diets were chemically similar but varied in pendf content: low, moderate low, moderate high, and high. dietary pendf content was determi ... | 2010 | 20935139 |
| fattening performance, slaughter, carcass and meat quality traits of karayaka lambs. | in order to verify the fattening performance, slaughter and carcass characteristics and to investigate the changes in some meat quality traits of karayaka lambs weaned at 3 months of age, 39 lambs (23 males and 16 females) were used as experimental animals. the lambs were fed a concentrate mixture and alfalfa hay (120 and 168 g crude protein and 2,700 and 1,951 me/kg, respectively) for a period of 60 days of fattening period. male lambs were superior (p < 0.05) to female lambs in terms of daily ... | 2010 | 20938737 |
| multiplexed magnetic microsphere immunoassays for detection of pathogens in foods. | foodstuffs have traditionally been challenging matrices for conducting immunoassays. proteins, carbohydrates, and other macromolecules present in food matrices may interfere with both immunoassays and pcr-based tests, and removal of particulate matter may also prove challenging prior to analyses. this has been found true when testing for bacterial contamination of foods using the standard polystyrene microspheres utilized with luminex flow cytometers. luminex magplex microspheres are encoded wit ... | 2010 | 20953301 |
| effect of feeding alfalfa hay or tifton 85 bermudagrass haylage with or without a cellulase enzyme on performance of holstein cows. | forty-four lactating holstein cows (173±30 dim, 42.5±6.8 kg of milk, 4.03±0.69% fat, 674±78 kg of body weight) were used in an 8-wk, completely randomized trial with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments to determine the effect of forage source and supplemental cellulase enzyme on performance. treatments included 2 forage combinations (corn silage plus 12.2% dry matter, dm, from either alfalfa hay or tifton 85 bermudagrass haylage) with or without a commercial cellulase enzyme applied to t ... | 2010 | 20965344 |
| effects of feeding increasing levels of wet corn gluten feed on production and ruminal fermentation in lactating dairy cows. | an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing dietary inclusion rates of wet corn gluten feed (wcgf; sweet bran; cargill inc., blair, ne) on milk production and rumen parameters. four primiparous and 4 multiparous ruminally cannulated holstein cows averaging 90±13 d in milk (mean ± sd) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 sequences in a replicated 4 × 4 latin square experiment with 28-d periods. treatments were diets containing 0, 11, 23, and 34% wcgf on a dry matter basis; alfal ... | 2010 | 20965349 |
| effects of corn silage hybrids and dietary nonforage fiber sources on feed intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and productive performance of lactating holstein dairy cows. | this experiment was conducted to determine the effects of corn silage hybrids and nonforage fiber sources (nffs) in high forage diets formulated with high dietary proportions of alfalfa hay (ah) and corn silage (cs) on ruminal fermentation and productive performance by early lactating dairy cows. eight multiparous holstein cows (4 ruminally fistulated) averaging 36±6.2 d in milk were used in a duplicated 4 × 4 latin square design experiment with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. cows ... | 2010 | 20965355 |
| phytochemical and pharmacological potential of medicago sativa: a review. | many herbal remedies have so far been employed for the treatment and management of various ailments since the beginning of human civilization. medicago is an extensive genus of the family leguminosae, comprising about 83 different species. medicago sativa (linn.) has long been used as traditional herbal medicine in china, iraq, turkey, india and america for the treatment of a variety of ailments. | 2010 | 20969516 |
| inositol catabolism, a key pathway in sinorhizobium meliloti for competitive host nodulation. | the nitrogen-fixing symbiont of alfalfa, sinorhizobium meliloti, is able to use myo-inositol as the sole carbon source. putative inositol catabolism genes (iola and iolrcdeb) have been identified in the s. meliloti genome based on their similarities with the bacillus subtilis iol genes. in this study, functional mutational analysis revealed that the iola and iolcdeb genes are required for growth not only with the myo-isomer but also for growth with scyllo- and d-chiro-inositol as the sole carbon ... | 2010 | 20971862 |
| influence of the composition of the cellulolytic flora on the development of hydrogenotrophic microorganisms, hydrogen utilization, and methane production in the rumens of gnotobiotically reared lambs. | we investigated the influence of the composition of the fibrolytic microbial community on the development and activities of hydrogen-utilizing microorganisms in the rumens of gnotobiotically reared lambs. two groups of lambs were reared. the first group was inoculated with fibrobacter succinogenes, a non-h(2)-producing species, as the main cellulolytic organism, and the second group was inoculated with ruminococcus albus, ruminococcus flavefaciens, and anaerobic fungi that produce hydrogen. the ... | 2010 | 20971877 |
| the nodulation of alfalfa by the acid-tolerant rhizobium sp. strain lpu83 does not require sulfated forms of lipochitooligosaccharide nodulation signals. | the induction of root nodules by the majority of rhizobia has a strict requirement for the secretion of symbiosis-specific lipochitooligosaccharides (nodulation factors [nfs]). the nature of the chemical substitution on the nfs depends on the particular rhizobium and contributes to the host specificity imparted by the nfs. we present here a description of the genetic organization of the nod gene cluster and the characterization of the chemical structure of the nfs associated with the broad-host- ... | 2010 | 20971905 |
| preferential use of rna leader sequences during influenza a transcription initiation in vivo. | in vitro transcription initiation studies revealed a preference of influenza a virus for capped rna leader sequences with base complementarity to the viral rna template. here, these results were verified during an influenza infection in mdck cells. alfalfa mosaic virus rna3 leader sequences mutated in their base complementarity to the viral template, or the nucleotides 5' of potential base-pairing residues, were tested for their use either singly or in competition. these analyses revealed that i ... | 2010 | 21030059 |
| allelopatic effects of cyanobacteria extracts containing microcystins on medicago sativa-rhizobia symbiosis. | the eutrophication of water leads to massive blooms of cyanobacteria potentially producers of highly toxic substances: cyanotoxins, especially microcystins (mc). the contamination of water used for irrigation by these toxins, can cause several adverse effects on plants and microorganisms. in this work, we report the phytotoxic effects of microcystins on the development of symbiosis between the leguminous plant medicago sativa (alfalfa) and rhizobia strains. the exposure of rhizobial strains to t ... | 2010 | 21030085 |
| effects of roughage concentration in steam-flaked corn-based diets containing wet distillers grains with solubles on feedlot cattle performance, carcass characteristics, and in vitro fermentation. | two studies were conducted to evaluate effects of wet distillers grains with solubles (wdg) and dietary concentration of alfalfa hay (ah) on performance of finishing beef cattle and in vitro fermentation. in both studies, 7 treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 + 1 factorial; factors were dietary concentrations (dm basis) of wdg (15 or 30%) and ah (7.5, 10, or 12.5%) plus a non-wdg control diet that contained 10% ah. in exp. 1, 224 beef steers were used in a randomized complete block (initial bw 3 ... | 2010 | 21036933 |
| composition, spatial distribution, and diversity of the bacterial communities in the rumen of cows fed different forages. | the species composition, distribution, and biodiversity of the bacterial communities in the rumen of cows fed alfalfa or triticale were investigated using 16s rrna gene clone library analyses. the rumen bacterial community was fractionated and analyzed as three separate fractions: populations in the planktonic, loosely attached to rumen digesta particles, and tightly attached to rumen digesta particles. six hundred and thirteen operational taxonomic units (otus) belonging to 32 genera, 19 famili ... | 2010 | 21044097 |
| ant association facilitates the evolution of diet breadth in a lycaenid butterfly. | the role of mutualistic interactions in adaptive diversification has not been thoroughly examined. lycaenid butterflies provide excellent systems for exploring mutualistic interactions, as more than half of this family is known to use ants as a resource in interactions that range from parasitism to mutualism. we investigate the hypothesis that protection from predators offered to caterpillars by ants might facilitate host-range evolution. specifically, experiments with the butterfly lycaeides me ... | 2010 | 21047856 |
| individual and combined application of dry heat with high hydrostatic pressure to inactivate salmonella and escherichia coli o157:h7 on alfalfa seeds. | alfalfa sprouts are recurrently implicated in outbreaks of food-borne illnesses as a result of contamination with salmonella or escherichia coli o157:h7. in the majority of these outbreaks, the seeds themselves have been shown to be the most likely source of contamination. the aims of this study were to comparatively assess the efficacy of dry heat treatments alone or in conjunction with high hydrostatic pressure (hhp) to eliminate a ∼5 log cfu/g load of salmonella and e. coli o157:h7 on alfalfa ... | 2010 | 21056783 |
| complex regulation of symbiotic functions is coordinated by mucr and quorum sensing in sinorhizobium meliloti. | in sinorhizobium meliloti, the production of exopolysaccharides such as succinoglycan and exopolysaccharide ii (eps ii) enables the bacterium to invade root nodules on medicago sativa and establish a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis. while extensive research has focused on succinoglycan, less is known concerning the regulation of eps ii or the mechanism by which it mediates entrance into the host plant. previously, we reported that the expr/sin quorum-sensing system is required to produce the symbiotic ... | 2010 | 21057009 |
| cattle preferences differ when endophyte-infected tall fescue, birdsfoot trefoil, and alfalfa are grazed in different sequences. | we determined if sequence of ingestion affected use of endophyte-infected tall fescue (tf) when cattle also grazed birdsfoot trefoil (bft) or alfalfa (alf). based on chemical characteristics of tf (alkaloids), bft (tannins), and alf (saponins), we hypothesized that cattle first allowed to graze alf or bft would subsequently spend more time grazing tf than cattle that first grazed tf followed by alf or bft. sixteen bred heifers (478 ± 39 kg initial bw) were randomly assigned to 4 replicated pastu ... | 2010 | 21057090 |
| field trials of aggregation pheromones for the stink bugs chlorochroa uhleri and chlorochroa sayi (hemiptera: pentatomidae). | in field trials, adult chlorochroa uhleri (stål) (heteroptera: pentatomidae) of both sexes were caught in significant numbers in cylindrical screen traps baited with gray rubber septum lures loaded with the main component of the male-produced pheromone, methyl (e)-6-2,3-dihydrofarnesoate. addition of the two possible minor components of the pheromone, methyl (e)-5-2,6,10-trimethyl-5,9-undecadienoate and methyl (2e,6e)-farnesoate, did not affect attraction. combining the pheromone with different ... | 2010 | 21061959 |
| absolute configuration-dependent epoxide formation from isoflavan-4-ol stereoisomers by biphenyl dioxygenase of pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes strain kf707. | biphenyl dioxygenase from pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes strain kf707 expressed in escherichia coli was found to exhibit monooxygenase activity toward four stereoisomers of isoflavan-4-ol. lc-ms and lc-nmr analyses of the metabolites revealed that the corresponding epoxides formed between c2' and c3' on the b-ring of each isoflavan-4-ol substrate were the sole products. the relative reactivity of the stereoisomers was found to be in the order: (3s,4s)-cis-isoflavan-4-ol > (3r,4s)-trans-isoflavan- ... | 2010 | 21063701 |
| effect of environmental factors and influence of rumen and hindgut biogeography on bacterial communities in steers. | feces from cattle production are considered important sources of bacterial contamination of food and the environment. little is known about the combined effects of arctic temperatures and fodder tannins on rumen and hindgut bacterial populations. individual rumen liquor and rectal fecal samples from donor steers fed either alfalfa silage or sainfoin (onobrychis viciifolia scop.) silage and water ad libitum were collected weekly on the first three sampling days and fortnightly afterwards. the dai ... | 2010 | 21075877 |
| role of symbiotic auxotrophy in the rhizobium-legume symbioses. | rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae mutants unable to transport branched-chain amino acids via the two main amino acid abc transport complexes aapjqmp and bradefgc produce a nitrogen starvation phenotype when inoculated on pea (pisum sativum) plants [1], [2]. bacteroids in indeterminate pea nodules have reduced abundance and a lower chromosome number. they reduce transcription of pathways for branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis and become dependent on their provision by the host. this has been ... | 2010 | 21085630 |
| rhizoregnet-a database of rhizobial transcription factors and regulatory networks. | sinorhizobium meliloti is a symbiotic soil bacterium that forms nitrogen-fixing nodules on roots of leguminous plants, including medicago truncatula (barrel medic), and m. sativa (alfalfa). the sinorhizobium-medicago symbiosis is an important symbiosis model system. knowledge gained from this system can be extended to other agriculturally important "rhizobial" symbioses. since the publication of the s. meliloti genome in 2001, many new genetic, biochemical and physiological data have been genera ... | 2010 | 21087643 |
| a meta-analysis of passage rate estimated by rumen evacuation with cattle and evaluation of passage rate prediction models. | a meta-analysis of studies using the flux/compartmental pool method with indigestible neutral detergent fiber (indf) as internal marker was conducted to study the effect of extrinsic characteristics and forage type on particle passage rate (k(p)) in cattle. further, the k(p) prediction equations in the national research council (nrc) and the cornell net carbohydrate and protein system (cncps) were evaluated. data comprised 172 treatment means from 49 studies conducted in europe and the united st ... | 2010 | 21094762 |
| host specificity of the ruminal bacterial community in the dairy cow following near-total exchange of ruminal contents. | the purpose of this study was to examine the stability and host specificity of a cow's ruminal bacterial community following massive challenge with ruminal microflora from another cow. in each of 2 experiments, 1 pair of cows was selected on the basis of differences in ruminal bacterial community composition (bcc), determined by automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (arisa), a culture-independent "community fingerprinting" technique. each pair of cows was then subjected to a 1-time exch ... | 2010 | 21094763 |
| inoculants for ensiling low-dry matter corn crop: a midlactation cow perspective. | in many regions, optimum dry matter (dm) content of corn crop pre-ensilage cannot be ensured for management, agronomical and climatic reasons. under such conditions, corn crops are harvested at low dm, and are easily exposed to unfavourable fermentation pathways and plant spoilage and wastage. thus, it is a major question for dairy agriculturists whether certain microbial inoculants application to low-dm corn crop pre-ensilage affects silage quality and cow performance. the objective was to dete ... | 2010 | 21114546 |
| effect of ammonium chloride supplementation on urine ph and urinary fractional excretion of electrolytes in goats. | to determine whether dietary supplementation with ammonium chloride would affect urine ph or urinary fractional excretion (fe) of electrolytes in goats fed grass hay. | 2010 | 21118016 |
| inactivation of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella typhimurium dt 104 on alfalfa seeds by levulinic acid and sodium dodecyl sulfate. | studies were conducted to determine the best concentration and exposure time for treatment of alfalfa seeds with levulinic acid plus sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) to inactivate escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella without adversely affecting seed germination. alfalfa seeds inoculated with a five-strain mixture of e. coli o157:h7 or salmonella typhimurium were dried in a laminar flow hood at 21°c for up to 72 h. inoculated alfalfa seeds dried for 4 h then treated for 5 min at 21°c with 0.5% lev ... | 2010 | 21219712 |
| a simple, highly efficient method for heterologous expression in mammalian primary neurons using cationic lipid-mediated mrna transfection. | expression of heterologous proteins in adult mammalian neurons is a valuable technique for the study of neuronal function. the post-mitotic nature of mature neurons prevents effective dna transfection using simple, cationic lipid-based methods. adequate heterologous protein expression is often only achievable using complex techniques that, in many cases, are associated with substantial toxicity. here, a simple method for high efficiency transfection of mammalian primary neurons using in vitro tr ... | 2010 | 21267423 |
| zoonotic ectopic fascioliasis: review and discussion. | ectopic fascioliasis (ef) has direct and indirect effects on both humans and animals. the phenomenon of ef was individual cases in the period from 1950 up to the end of last century. from the period of 2000 up to 2006, plenty of researches were on ef in the developed and undeveloped countries. nineteen ef cases infected with the immature and few with the mature worms were 13 females and 6 males. three cases of lymphatic, pleural and breast fascioliasis reached the adults and laid their eggs in a ... | 2010 | 21268530 |
| stable integration and expression of a plant defensin in tomato confers resistance to fusarium wilt. | -á plant defensins are small cysteine-rich peptides which belong to a group of pathogenasis related defense mechanism proteins. the proteins inhibit the growth of a broad range of microbes and are highly stable under extreme environmental stresses. tomato cultivation is affected by fungal disease such as fusarium wilt. in order to overcome fungal damages, transgenic tomato plants expressing the medicago sativa defensin gene msdef 1 under the control of the camv 35s promoter were developed. the f ... | 2010 | 21844692 |
| engineered biosynthesis of plant polyketides: structure-based and precursor-directed approach. | pentaketide chromone synthase (pcs) and octaketide synthase (oks) are novel plant-specific type iii polyketide synthases (pkss) obtained from aloe arborescens. recombinant pcs expressed in escherichia coli catalyzes iterative condensations of five molecules of malonyl-coa to produce a pentaketide 5,7-dihydroxy-2-methylchromone, while recombinant oks carries out sequential condensations of eight molecules of malonyl-coa to yield octaketides sek4 and sek4b, the longest polyketides produced by the ... | 2010 | 21495256 |
| genetic engineering to enhance crop-based phytonutrients (nutraceuticals) to alleviate diet-related diseases. | nutrition studies have provided unambiguous evidence that a number of human health maladies including chronic coronary artery, hypertension, diabetes, osteoporosis, cancer and age- and lifestyle-related diseases are associated with the diet. several favorable and a few deleterious natural dietary ingredients have been identified that predispose human populations to various genetic and epigenetic based disorders. media dissemination of this information has greatly raised public awareness of the b ... | 2010 | 21520708 |
| ruminal fermentation, microbial growth and amino acid flow in single-flow continuous culture fermenters fed a diet containing olive leaves. | six single-flow continuous culture fermenters were used to determine fermentation profile, microbial growth and amino acid (aa) flow promoted by olive leaves supplemented with barley grains and faba beans (olsup), and alfalfa hay (ah). two incubation runs were carried out with three fermenters inoculated with ruminal fluid from wethers and three from goats. the inoculum source did not affect (p = 0.059 to 0.980) any of the parameters. daily volatile fatty acid (vfa) production and carbohydrate d ... | 2010 | 19175451 |
| development and population growth of lygus hesperus on selected weed hosts, artificial diet and cotton in the laboratory. | laboratory studies were conducted to obtain basic biological information of lygus hesperus knight (hemiptera: miridae) on alfalfa (medicago sativa l.), pigweed (amaranthus palmeri s. wats.), russian thistle (salsola iberica sennen and pau), green bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.), artificial diet, and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) square and cotton boll at 27 degrees c. the nymphal developmental duration was 28.8 d on cotton bolls, nearly twice longer, compared with approximately 15 d in other hosts ... | 2010 | 21309220 |
| environmental and economic comparisons of manure application methods in farming systems. | alternative methods for applying livestock manure to no-till soils involve environmental and economic trade-offs. a process-level farm simulation model (integrated farm system model) was used to evaluate methods for applying liquid dairy (bos taurus l.) and swine (sus scrofa l.) manure, including no application, broadcast spreading with and without incorporation by tillage, band application with soil aeration, and shallow disk injection. the model predicted ammonia emissions, nitrate leaching, a ... | 2011 | 21520751 |
| effect of fatty acid profile in vegetable oils and antioxidant supplementation on dairy cattle performance and milk fat depression. | this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of unprotected vegetable oils differing in fatty acid profiles with or without a commercial antioxidant (agrado plus, novus international, st. charles, mo) on dairy cattle performance, milk fatty acid profiles, and milk fat depression. twenty-four multiparous holstein cows were blocked by production (high and low) and assigned to agrado plus or no agrado plus diets as the main plot in this experiment. the 6 cows in each o ... | 2011 | 21524540 |
| evaluation of chlorine dioxide gas residues on selected food produce. | in recent years, the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables has greatly increased, and so has its association with contamination of several foodborne pathogens (listeria, salmonella, and escherichia coli). hence, there is a need to investigate effective sanitizer systems for produce decontamination. chlorine dioxide (clo(2)), a strong oxidizing gas with broad spectrum and sanitizing properties, has previously been studied for use on selected fruits and vegetables. clo(2) gas treatments show ... | 2011 | 21535724 |
| the effect of feeding system in the expression of genes related with fat metabolism in semitendinous muscle in sheep. | the effect of feeding system on the expression of lpl, acaca, fasn, fabp4, dgat1, scd, cpt1b, prkaa2, lep, srebp1, pparg, ppara and cebpb genes in semitendinous muscle was studied. forty-four single born male lambs of the rasa aragonesa breed, allocated to four different dietary treatments, were used: grazing alfalfa, grazing alfalfa with supplement for lambs, indoor lambs with grazing ewes and drylot. significant differences were found in the expression of genes lpl, acaca, fasn, fabp4, cpt1b a ... | 2011 | 21543161 |
| exploring the symbiotic pangenome of the nitrogen-fixing bacterium sinorhizobium meliloti. | abstract: background: sinorhizobium meliloti is a model system for the studies of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. an extensive polymorphism at the genetic and phenotypic level is present in natural populations of this species, especially in relation with symbiotic promotion of plant growth. ak83 and bl225c are two nodule-isolated strains with diverse symbiotic phenotypes; bl225c is more efficient in promoting growth of the medicago sativa plants than strain ak83. in order to investigate the genetic ... | 2011 | 21569405 |
| resistance to organic hydroperoxides requires ohr and ohrr genes in sinorhizobium meliloti. | abstract: | 2011 | 21569462 |
| feed preference in pigs: effect of selected protein, fat, and fiber sources at different inclusion rates. | three double choice feeding experiments were conducted to study the effect of different feedstuffs on feed preference in pigs. fifteen protein sources, 6 fat sources, and 3 fiber sources were evaluated in exp. 1, 2, and 3, respectively. pigs were offered a series of double choices between a common reference diet and the diet with the ingredient under evaluation. the reference diet contained a soybean meal product with 56% cp (sbm-56), sunflower oil, and wheat bran, which were considered as the f ... | 2011 | 21571898 |
| corn grain and liquid feed as nonfiber carbohydrate sources in diets for lactating dairy cows. | interactions of sources and processing methods for nonstructural carbohydrates may affect the efficiency of animal production. five rumen-cannulated cows in late lactation were placed in a 5 × 5 latin square design and fed experimental diets for 2 wk. in the production trial, 54 cows were fed the experimental diets for 12 wk beginning at d 60 in milk. diets contained 24% corn silage and 22% hay, averaging 20% alfalfa and 2% grass but being adjusted as needed to maintain dietary concentrations of ... | 2011 | 21605774 |
| effect of forage-to-concentrate ratio in dairy cow diets on emission of methane, carbon dioxide, and ammonia, lactation performance, and manure excretion. | holstein cows housed in a modified tie-stall barn were used to determine the effect of feeding diets with different forage-to-concentrate ratios (f:c) on performance and emission of ch(4), co(2) and manure nh(3)-n. eight multiparous cows (means ± standard deviation): 620±68kg of body weight; 52±34 d in milk and 8 primiparous cows (546±38kg of body weight; 93±39 d in milk) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 air-flow controlled chambers, constructed to fit 4 cows each. chambers were assigned to diet ... | 2011 | 21605777 |
| short communication: limit feeding dairy heifers: effect of feed bunk space and provision of a low-nutritive feedstuff. | the objectives of this study were to examine the behavioral effects of providing limit-fed dairy heifers an increased amount of feed bunk space compared with recommended feed bunk allowance, and to determine if the effects of provision of extra bunk space would be comparable to those seen when limit-fed heifers are provided a low-nutritive feedstuff. twelve holstein dairy heifers (381.1±44.8 d of age, 417.3±47.9kg), divided into groups of 4, were exposed to each of 3 treatments using a 3×3 latin ... | 2011 | 21605781 |
| development and evaluation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay targeting iap for the detection of listeria monocytogenes in select food matrices. | abstract listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular foodborne pathogen that has been associated with severe human illnesses. various rapid detection methods have been developed for the specific detection of this pathogen. in the present study, a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay targeting iap, a gene encoding extracellular protein p60, was developed for l. monocytogenes. the pcr efficiency is above 85% and the limit of detection (lod) is 30 copies of genome per reactio ... | 2011 | 21612427 |
| valine partitioning and kinetics between the gastro-intestinal tract and hind limbs in lambs with an adult trichostrongylus colubriformis burden. | intestinal parasitic infection increases the demand for aa due to increased protein synthesis in the intestine and increased luminal losses of aa, and these increased demands may be supported from increased mobilization of aa from the skeletal muscles. two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of parasitic infection on valine kinetics within the gastrointestinal tract and hind limbs of lambs fed fresh forages. on d 1, lambs were given 6,000 l3 trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae ... | 2011 | 21622879 |
| soil factors exhibit greater influence than bacterial inoculation on alfalfa growth and nitrogen fixation. | in order to study effects of soil factors and bacterial inoculation on alfalfa (medicago sativa), plants were inoculated with ensifer meliloti l33 and azospirillum brasilense sp7 in pot experiments using two different soils separately as well as in a mixture. one soil was contaminated with chemical waste products; the other was an arable soil. soil factors, including availability of macro- and micronutrients as well as carbon and nitrogen contents were found to exhibit a much greater influence o ... | 2011 | 21627671 |
| disinfection of radish and alfalfa seeds inoculated with escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella by a gaseous acetic acid treatment. | abstract the majority of seed sprout-related outbreaks have been associated with escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella. therefore, we aimed to find an effective method to inactivate these organisms on seeds before sprouting. treatment with 8.7% (v/v) acetic acid at 55°c for 2-3 h reduced the population of e. coli o157:h7 and salmonella inoculated on alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) and radish seeds (raphanus sativus l.) by more than 5.0 log cfu/g, and a longer treatment time completely eliminated ... | 2011 | 21651341 |
| harvest-inducibility of the promoter of alfalfa s-adenosyl-l: -methionine: trans-caffeoyl-coa3-o-methyltransferase gene. | a major limitation on the expression of some foreign proteins in transgenic plants is the toxic effect of such proteins on the host plant resulting in inhibition of normal growth and development. a solution to this problem is to control the expression of genes for such proteins by means of inducible promoters, as is frequently done in microbial systems. a cdna clone was obtained from subtractive hybridization of non-harvested and harvested alfalfa leaf tissue, named hi12. the hi12 cdna was ident ... | 2011 | 21667113 |
| protein quality and utilization of timothy, oat-supplemented timothy, and alfalfa at differing harvest maturity in exercised arabian horses. | to evaluate the protein quality and post-gut n utilization of full bloom timothy hay, oat-supplemented timothy-hay diets, and alfalfa hay harvested at different maturities, apparent whole tract n digestibility, urinary n excretion, and serum aa profiles were determined in light to moderately exercised arabian horses. six arabian geldings (16.0 ± 0.3 yr; 467 ± 11 kg bw) were randomly allocated to a 6 × 6 latin square design. diets included full bloom timothy grass hay (g), g + 0.2% bw oat (g1), g ... | 2011 | 21788427 |
| effectiveness of extruded rapeseed associated with an alfalfa protein concentrate in enhancing the bovine milk fatty acid composition. | linseed and rapeseed, good sources of 18:3 n-3 and cis9-18:1, respectively, have been shown to improve the bovine milk fatty acid (fa) profile. however, rapeseed, unlike linseed, has little effect on the concentration of 18:3 n-3 in milk fat. alfalfa protein concentrate (apc), besides being a valuable protein source for milk production, contains lipids rich in 18:3 n-3. therefore, this experiment aimed at (1) evaluating the transfer efficiency of unsaturated fa (ufa), especially 18:3 n-3, of apc ... | 2011 | 21787936 |
| effect of applying bacterial inoculants containing different types of bacteria to corn silage on the performance of dairy cattle. | this study examined the effect of applying different bacterial inoculants to corn silage at the time of ensiling on the performance of lactating dairy cows. corn plants were harvested at 35% dry matter (dm), chopped, and ensiled in 2.4-m-wide bags after application of (1) no inoculant (con); (2) biotal plus ii (b2) containing pediococcus pentosaceus and propionibacteria freudenreichii; (3) buchneri 40788 (buc) containing lactobacillus buchneri; or (4) buchneri 500 (b500) containing pediococcus p ... | 2011 | 21787933 |
| evaluation of antioxidant and cerebroprotective effect of medicago sativa linn. against ischemia and reperfusion insult. | antioxidants have been the focus of studies for developing neuroprotective agents to be used in the therapy for stroke, which is an acute and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. medicago sativa (ms) has a long tradition of use as ayurvedic and homoeopathic medicine in central nervous system disorders. the plant has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects. therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of methanol extr ... | 2011 | 21785631 |
| the rpir-like repressor iolr regulates inositol catabolism in sinorhizobium meliloti. | sinorhizobium meliloti, the nitrogen fixing symbiont of alfalfa, has the ability to catabolize myo-, scyllo- and d-chiro-inositol. functional inositol catabolism (iol) genes are required for growth on these inositol isomers and they play a role during plant bacteria interactions. the inositol catabolism genes comprise the chromosomally encoded iola (mmsa) and the ioly(smc01163)rcdeb genes, as well as the idha gene located on the psymb plasmid. reverse transcriptase assays showed that the iolyrcd ... | 2011 | 21784930 |
| optimization and evaluation of a modified enrichment procedure combined with immunomagnetic separation for detection of e. coli o157:h7 from artificially contaminated alfalfa sprouts. | escherichia coli o157:h7 has been linked to foodborne disease outbreaks with alfalfa sprouts. detection of the organism in sprouts by standard cultural methods can be difficult due to the high background microflora. the objective of this study was to develop and optimize an enrichment protocol with and without post-enrichment immunomagnetic separation (ims) for the rapid detection by real-time pcr (rtipcr) and cultural recovery of e. coli o157:h7 from artificially contaminated alfalfa sprouts. i ... | 2011 | 21784545 |
| effect of manure vs. fertilizer inputs on productivity of forage crop models. | manure produced by livestock activity is a dangerous product capable of causing serious environmental pollution. agronomic management practices on the use of manure may transform the target from a waste to a resource product. experiments performed on comparison of manure with standard chemical fertilizers (cf) were studied under a double cropping per year regime (alfalfa, model i; italian ryegrass-corn, model ii; barley-seed sorghum, model iii; and horse-bean-silage sorghum, model iv). the total ... | 2011 | 21776208 |