Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| surveillance of antiviral resistance markers in argentina: detection of e119v neuraminidase mutation in a post-treatment immunocompromised patient. | although vaccines are the best means of protection against influenza, neuraminidase inhibitors are currently the main antiviral treatment available to control severe influenza cases. one of the most frequent substitutions in the neuraminidase (na) protein of influenza a(h3n2) viruses during or soon after oseltamivir administration is e119v mutation. we describe the emergence of a mixed viral population with the e119e/v mutation in the na protein sequence in a post-treatment influenza sample coll ... | 2016 | 27849220 |
| seasonal influenza a h1n1pdm09 virus and severe outcomes: a reason for broader vaccination in non-elderly, at-risk people. | recent pandemics of influenza a h1n1pdm09 virus have caused severe illness, especially in young people. very few studies on influenza a h1n1pdm09 in post-pandemic periods exist, and there is no information on the severity of both seasonal influenza a(h1n1) and a(h3n2) from the same season, adjusting for potential confounders, including vaccine. | 2016 | 27832114 |
| high antiviral effect of tio2·pl-dna nanocomposites targeted to conservative regions of (-)rna and (+)rna of influenza a virus in cell culture. | background: the development of new antiviral drugs based on nucleic acids is under scrutiny. an important problem in this aspect is to find the most vulnerable conservative regions in the viral genome as targets for the action of these agents. another challenge is the development of an efficient system for their delivery into cells. to solve this problem, we proposed a tio2·pl-dna nanocomposite consisting of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and polylysine (pl)-containing oligonucleotides. results: ... | 2016 | 27826491 |
| epidemiology of hospital admissions with influenza during the 2013/2014 northern hemisphere influenza season: results from the global influenza hospital surveillance network. | the global influenza hospital surveillance network was established in 2012 to obtain valid epidemiologic data on hospital admissions with influenza-like illness. here we describe the epidemiology of admissions with influenza within the northern hemisphere sites during the 2013/2014 influenza season, identify risk factors for severe outcomes and complications, and assess the impact of different influenza viruses on clinically relevant outcomes in at-risk populations. | 2016 | 27196667 |
| microrna regulation of human genes essential for influenza a (h7n9) replication. | influenza a viruses are important pathogens of humans and animals. while seasonal influenza viruses infect humans every year, occasionally animal-origin viruses emerge to cause pandemics with significantly higher morbidity and mortality rates. in march 2013, the public health authorities of china reported three cases of laboratory confirmed human infection with avian influenza a (h7n9) virus, and subsequently there have been many cases reported across south east asia and recently in north americ ... | 2016 | 27166678 |
| influenza vaccine effectiveness in italy: age, subtype-specific and vaccine type estimates 2014/15 season. | the 2014/15 influenza season in europe was characterised by the circulation of influenza a(h3n2) viruses with an antigenic and genetic mismatch from the vaccine strain a/texas/50/2012(h3n2) recommended for the northern hemisphere for the 2014/15 season. italy, differently from other eu countries where most of the subtyped influenza a viruses were h3n2, experienced a 2014/15 season characterized by an extended circulation of two influenza viruses: a(h1n1)pdm09 and a(h3n2), that both contributed s ... | 2016 | 27154392 |
| detection and typing of human-infecting influenza viruses in china by using a multiplex dna biochip assay. | rapid identification of the infections of specific subtypes of influenza viruses is critical for patient treatment and pandemic control. here we report the application of multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) coupled with membrane-based dna biochip to the detection and discrimination of the type (a and b) and subtype (human h1n1, human h3n2, avian h5n1 and avian h7n9) of influenza viruses in circulation in china. a multiplex one-step rt-pcr assay was designed to simu ... | 2016 | 27150046 |
| analysis of the beta-propiolactone sensitivity and optimization of inactivation methods for human influenza h3n2 virus. | beta-propiolactone (bpl) is used as an inactivating reagent for influenza virus in a number of countries. however, the treatment of viruses with bpl occasionally results in a decrease in the hemagglutinin (ha) titer, which complicates vaccine development. in the present study, we examined the biological and biochemical characteristics of human h1n1 and h3n2 viruses treated with bpl, and developed an inactivation method for bpl-sensitive viruses. a significant decrease in ha titer was detected in ... | 2016 | 27142111 |
| virulence of a novel reassortant canine h3n2 influenza virus in ferret, dog and mouse models. | an outbreak of a canine influenza virus (civ) h3n2 reassortant derived from pandemic (pdm) h1n1 and civ h3n2 in companion animals has underscored the urgent need to monitor civ infections for potential zoonotic transmission of influenza viruses to humans. in this study, we assessed the virulence of a novel civ h3n2 reassortant, vc378, which was obtained from a dog that was coinfected with pdm h1n1 and civ h3n2, in ferrets, dogs, and mice. significantly enhanced virulence of vc378 was demonstrate ... | 2016 | 27138550 |
| virological characteristics of the 2014/2015 influenza season based on molecular analysis of biological material derived from i-move study. | the main goal of the international study i-move (influenza monitoring of vaccine effectiveness) implemented in poland is to identify and evaluate the activity types of influenza virus and to determine the effectiveness of vaccination against influenza in the 2014-2015 influenza season. the study is based on selecting patients with flu symptoms and collecting biological samples for laboratory examination. detection, typing, and subtyping of influenza viruses were carried out by the national cente ... | 2016 | 27131497 |
| concordance of interim and final estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness: a systematic review. | the world health organization's global influenza surveillance and response system meets twice a year to generate a recommendation for the composition of the seasonal influenza vaccine. interim vaccine effectiveness (ve) estimates provide a preliminary indication of influenza vaccine performance during the season and may be useful for decision making. we reviewed 17 pairs of studies reporting 33 pairs of interim and final estimates using the test-negative design to evaluate whether interim estima ... | 2016 | 27124573 |
| i-move multicentre case-control study 2010/11 to 2014/15: is there within-season waning of influenza type/subtype vaccine effectiveness with increasing time since vaccination? | since the 2008/9 influenza season, the i-move multicentre case-control study measures influenza vaccine effectiveness (ve) against medically-attended influenza-like-illness (ili) laboratory confirmed as influenza. in 2011/12, european studies reported a decline in ve against influenza a(h3n2) within the season. using combined i-move data from 2010/11 to 2014/15 we studied the effects of time since vaccination on influenza type/subtype-specific ve. we modelled influenza type/subtype-specific ve b ... | 2016 | 27124420 |
| pandemic vaccination strategies and influenza severe outcomes during the influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 pandemic and the post-pandemic influenza season: the nordic experience. | during the 2009/10 influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 pandemic, the five nordic countries adopted different approaches to pandemic vaccination. we compared pandemic vaccination strategies and severe influenza outcomes, in seasons 2009/10 and 2010/11 in these countries with similar influenza surveillance systems. we calculated the cumulative pandemic vaccination coverage in 2009/10 and cumulative incidence rates of laboratory confirmed a(h1n1)pdm09 infections, intensive care unit (icu) admissions and deaths ... | 2016 | 27123691 |
| antigen nature and complexity influence human antibody light chain usage and specificity. | human antibodies consist of a heavy chain and one of two possible light chains, kappa (κ) or lambda (λ). here we tested how these two possible light chains influence the overall antibody response to polysaccharide and protein antigens by measuring light chain usage in human monoclonal antibodies from antibody secreting cells obtained following vaccination with pneumovax23. remarkably, we found that individuals displayed restricted light chain usage to certain serotypes and that lambda antibodies ... | 2016 | 27113164 |
| a point mutation in the polymerase protein pb2 allows a reassortant h9n2 influenza isolate of wild-bird origin to replicate in human cells. | h9n2 influenza a viruses are on the list of potentially pandemic subtypes. therefore, it is important to understand how genomic reassortment and genetic polymorphisms affect phenotypes of h9n2 viruses circulating in the wild bird reservoir. a comparative genetic analysis of north american h9n2 isolates of wild bird origin identified a naturally occurring reassortant virus containing gene segments derived from both north american and eurasian lineage ancestors. the pb2 segment of this virus encod ... | 2016 | 27101787 |
| construction high-yield candidate influenza vaccine viruses in vero cells by reassortment. | usage of influenza vaccine is the best choice measure for preventing and conclusion of influenza virus infection. although it has been used of chicken embryo to produce influenza vaccine, following with who recommended vaccine strain, there were uncontrollable factors and its deficiencies, specially, during an influenza pandemic in the world. the vero cells are used for vaccine production of a few strains including influenza virus, because of its homology with human, recommended by who. however, ... | 2016 | 27101353 |
| high conservation level of cd8(+) t cell immunogenic regions within an unusual h1n2 human influenza variant. | current seasonal influenza vaccines require regular updates due to antigenic drift causing loss of effectiveness and therefore providing little or no protection against novel influenza a subtypes. next generation vaccines capable of eliciting cd8(+) t cell (ctl) mediated cross-protective immunity may offer a long-term alternative strategy. however, measuring pre- and existing levels of ctl cross-protection in humans is confounded by differences in infection histories across individuals. during 2 ... | 2016 | 26950895 |
| comparison between mdck and mdck-siat1 cell lines as preferred host for cell culture-based influenza vaccine production. | to evaluate mdck and mdck-siat1 cell lines for their ability to produce the yield of influenza virus in different multiplicities of infection. | 2016 | 26945752 |
| virological surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses during six consecutive seasons from 2006 to 2012 in catalonia, spain. | most attention is given to seasonal influenza and respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks, but the cumulative burden caused by other respiratory viruses (rv) is not widely considered. the aim of the present study is to describe the circulation of rv in the general population during six consecutive seasons from 2006 to 2012 in catalonia, spain. cell culture, immunofluorescence and pcr-based assays were used for the rv laboratory-confirmation and influenza subtyping. phylogenetic and molecular chara ... | 2016 | 26939538 |
| safety, immunogenicity and cross-reactivity of a northern hemisphere 2013-2014 seasonal trivalent inactivated split influenza virus vaccine, anflu®. | anflu® is a seasonal trivalent inactivated split-virion influenza vaccine manufactured by sinovac biotech co., ltd. the objectives of this study were to evaluate the safety of anflu® (2013-14 formulation: h1n1, h3n2 and byam) in infants and adults and its immunogenicity and cross-reactivity against mismatched influenza b lineage and avian influenza a(h7n9) viruses (hereafter bvic and h7n9, respectively) in adults. in this phase iv open label trial, infants 6-35 months old (n=61) each received tw ... | 2016 | 26934750 |
| neuraminidase activity and resistance of 2009 pandemic h1n1 influenza virus to antiviral activity in bronchoalveolar fluid. | human bronchoalveolar fluid is known to have anti-influenza activity. it is believed to be a frontline innate defense against the virus. several antiviral factors, including surfactant protein d, are believed to contribute to the activity. the 2009 pandemic h1n1 influenza virus was previously shown to be less sensitive to surfactant protein d. nevertheless, whether different influenza virus strains have different sensitivities to the overall anti-influenza activity of human bronchoalveolar fluid ... | 2016 | 26912622 |
| role of n terminus-truncated ns1 proteins of influenza a virus in inhibiting irf3 activation. | the ns1 protein encoded by influenza a virus antagonizes the interferon response through various mechanisms, including blocking cellular mrna maturation by binding the cellular cpsf30 3' end processing factor and/or suppressing the activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (irf3). in the present study, we identified two truncated ns1 proteins that are translated from internal augs at positions 235 and 241 of the ns1 open reading frame. we analyzed the cellular localization and function of the ... | 2016 | 26912617 |
| a novel peptide with potent and broad-spectrum antiviral activities against multiple respiratory viruses. | a safe, potent and broad-spectrum antiviral is urgently needed to combat emerging respiratory viruses. in light of the broad antiviral activity of β-defensins, we tested the antiviral activity of 11 peptides derived from mouse β-defensin-4 and found that a short peptide, p9, exhibited potent and broad-spectrum antiviral effects against multiple respiratory viruses in vitro and in vivo, including influenza a virus h1n1, h3n2, h5n1, h7n7, h7n9, sars-cov and mers-cov. the antiviral activity of p9 w ... | 2016 | 26911565 |
| influenza b vaccine lineage selection--an optimized trivalent vaccine. | epidemics of seasonal influenza viruses cause considerable morbidity and mortality each year. various types and subtypes of influenza circulate in humans and evolve continuously such that individuals at risk of serious complications need to be vaccinated annually to keep protection up to date with circulating viruses. the influenza vaccine in most parts of the world is a trivalent vaccine, including an antigenically representative virus of recently circulating influenza a/h3n2, a/h1n1, and influ ... | 2016 | 26896685 |
| update: influenza activity--united states, october 4, 2015-february 6, 2016. | from october through mid-december 2015, influenza activity remained low in most regions of the united states. activity began to increase in late december 2015 and continued to increase slowly through early february 2016. influenza a viruses have been most frequently identified, with influenza a (h3n2) viruses predominating during october until early december, and influenza a (h1n1)pdm09 viruses predominating from mid-december until early february. most of the influenza viruses characterized duri ... | 2016 | 26891596 |
| the proteolytic activation of (h3n2) influenza a virus hemagglutinin is facilitated by different type ii transmembrane serine proteases. | cleavage of influenza virus hemagglutinin (ha) by host cell proteases is necessary for viral activation and infectivity. in humans and mice, members of the type ii transmembrane protease family (ttsp), e.g., tmprss2, tmprss4, and tmprss11d (hat), have been shown to cleave influenza virus ha for viral activation and infectivity in vitro recently, we reported that inactivation of a single ha-activating protease gene,tmprss2, in knockout mice inhibits the spread of h1n1 influenza viruses. however, ... | 2016 | 26889029 |
| airborne influenza a is detected in the personal breathing zone of swine veterinarians. | the 2009 h1n1 pandemic emphasized a need to evaluate zoonotic transmission of influenza a in swine production. airborne influenza a virus has been detected in swine facilities during an outbreak. however, the personal exposure of veterinarians treating infected swine has not been characterized. two personal bioaerosol samplers, the niosh bioaerosol sampler and the personal high-flow inhalable sampler head (phish), were placed in the breathing zone of veterinarians treating swine infected with ei ... | 2016 | 26867129 |
| long-term shedding of influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus and nosocomial epidemiology in patients with hematological disorders. | respiratory viruses are a cause of upper respiratory tract infections (urti), but can be associated with severe lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) in immunocompromised patients. the objective of this study was to investigate the genetic variability of influenza virus, parainfluenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and the duration of viral shedding in hematological patients. nasopharyngeal swabs from hematological patients were screened for influenza, parainfluenza and rsv on a ... | 2016 | 26866481 |
| effectiveness of subunit influenza vaccination in the 2014-2015 season and residual effect of split vaccination in previous seasons. | in navarra, spain, subunit vaccine was first used in the 2014-2015 season, whereas trivalent split-virion influenza vaccines had been used in previous seasons. we estimate the effectiveness of the subunit vaccine in the current season and split vaccine in the two previous seasons against laboratory-confirmed influenza in the 2014-2015 season. | 2016 | 26854911 |
| a natural component from euphorbia humifusa willd displays novel, broad-spectrum anti-influenza activity by blocking nuclear export of viral ribonucleoprotein. | the need to develop anti-influenza drugs with novel antiviral mechanisms is urgent because of the rapid rate of antigenic mutation and the emergence of drug-resistant viruses. we identified a novel anti-influenza molecule by screening 861 plant-derived natural components using a high-throughput image-based assay that measures inhibition of the influenza virus infection. 1,3,4,6-tetra-o-galloyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (tgbg) from euphorbia humifusa willd showed broad-spectrum anti-influenza activity ... | 2016 | 26850850 |
| predicting the mutating distribution at antigenic sites of the influenza virus. | mutations of the influenza virus lead to antigenic changes that cause recurrent epidemics and vaccine resistance. preventive measures would benefit greatly from the ability to predict the potential distribution of new antigenic sites in future strains. by leveraging the extensive historical records of ha sequences for 90 years, we designed a computational model to simulate the dynamic evolution of antigenic sites in a/h1n1. with templates of antigenic sequences, the model can effectively predict ... | 2016 | 26837263 |
| recombinant influenza virus expressing hiv-1 p24 capsid protein induces mucosal hiv-specific cd8 t-cell responses. | influenza viruses are promising mucosal vaccine vectors for hiv but their use has been limited by difficulties in engineering the expression of large amounts of foreign protein. we developed recombinant influenza viruses incorporating the hiv-1 p24 gag capsid into the ns-segment of pr8 (h1n1) and x31 (h3n2) influenza viruses with the use of multiple 2a ribosomal skip sequences. despite the insertion of a sizable hiv-1 gene into the influenza genome, recombinant viruses were readily rescued to hi ... | 2016 | 26826545 |
| construction of the influenza a virus transmission tree in a college-based population: co-transmission and interactions between influenza a viruses. | co-infection of different influenza a viruses is known to occur but how viruses interact within co-infection remains unknown. an outbreak in a college campus during the 2009 pandemic involved two subtypes of influenza a: persons infected with pandemic a/h1n1; persons infected with seasonal a/h3n2 viruses; and persons infected with both at the same time (co-infection). this provides data to analyse the possible interaction between influenza a viruses within co-infection. | 2016 | 26825326 |
| molecular characteristics of influenza virus type b lineages circulating in poland. | from the time of the hong kong pandemic of 1968-1969, vaccines against influenza are trivalent, containing two subtypes of influenza type a: a/h1n1/ and a/h3n2/, and influenza type b. in 1980, circulation of the new yamagata and victoria lineages of influenza b virus was noted. since both lineages have continued to circulate, the second lineage of influenza b was included into the trivalent vaccine as of the 2013/2014 epidemic season. in poland, co-circulation of influenza type a and b has been ... | 2016 | 26820730 |
| antiviral activity of sa-2 against influenza a virus in vitro/vivo and its inhibition of rna polymerase. | a target-free and cell-based approach was applied to evaluate the anti-influenza properties of six newly synthesized benzoic acid derivatives. sa-2, the ethyl 4-(2-hydroxymethyl-5-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-[3-(3-methylbenzoyl)-thioureido] benzoate (compound 2) was screened as a potential drug candidate. in a cytopathic effect assay, sa-2 dose dependently inhibited h1n1, h3n2 and the oseltamivir-resistant mutant h1n1-h275y influenza viruses in both virus-infected mdck and a549 cells, with 50% effecti ... | 2016 | 26802558 |
| design, synthesis, and in vitro biological evaluation of novel 6-methyl-7-substituted-7-deaza purine nucleoside analogs as anti-influenza a agents. | among many subtypes of influenza a viruses, influenza a(h1n1) and a(h3n2) subtypes are currently circulating among humans (who report 2014-15). therapeutically, the emergence of viral resistance to currently available drugs (adamantanes and neuraminidase inhibitors) has heightened alarms for developing novel drugs that could address diverse targets in the viral replication cycle in order to improve treatment outcomes. to this regard, the design and synthesis of nucleoside analog inhibitors as po ... | 2016 | 26802557 |
| an individualized predictor of health and disease using paired reference and target samples. | consider the problem of designing a panel of complex biomarkers to predict a patient's health or disease state when one can pair his or her current test sample, called a target sample, with the patient's previously acquired healthy sample, called a reference sample. as contrasted to a population averaged reference this reference sample is individualized. automated predictor algorithms that compare and contrast the paired samples to each other could result in a new generation of test panels that ... | 2016 | 26801061 |
| platform technology to generate broadly cross-reactive antibodies to α-helical epitopes in hemagglutinin proteins from influenza a viruses. | we have utilized a de novo designed two-stranded α-helical coiled-coil template to display conserved α-helical epitopes from the stem region of hemagglutinin (ha) glycoproteins of influenza a. the immunogens have all the surface-exposed residues of the native α-helix in the native ha protein of interest displayed on the surface of the two-stranded α-helical coiled-coil template. this template when used as an immunogen elicits polyclonal antibodies which bind to the α-helix in the native protein. ... | 2016 | 26799790 |
| discovery of influenza a virus sequence pairs and their combinations for simultaneous heterosubtypic targeting that hedge against antiviral resistance. | the multiple circulating human influenza a virus subtypes coupled with the perpetual genomic mutations and segment reassortment events challenge the development of effective therapeutics. the capacity to drug most rnas motivates the investigation on viral rna targets. 123,060 segment sequences from 35,938 strains of the most prevalent subtypes also infecting humans-h1n1, 2009 pandemic h1n1, h3n2, h5n1 and h7n9, were used to identify 1,183 conserved rna target sequences (≥15-mer) in the internal ... | 2016 | 26771381 |
| influenza in the emergency department: vaccination, diagnosis, and treatment: clinical practice paper approved by american academy of emergency medicine clinical guidelines committee. | influenza is an acute respiratory virus that results in significant worldwide morbidity and mortality each year. as emergency physicians, we are often the first to encounter patients with seasonal influenza. it is therefore critical that we draw on the most recent and relevant research when we make clinical decisions regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis of this disease. | 2016 | 26763858 |
| accelerating influenza research: vaccines, antivirals, immunomodulators and monoclonal antibodies. the manufacture of a new wild-type h3n2 virus for the human viral challenge model. | influenza and its associated diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. the united states advisory committee on immunization practices recommends influenza vaccination for everyone over 6 months of age. the failure of the flu vaccine in 2014-2015 demonstrates the need for a model that allows the rapid development of novel antivirals, universal/intra-seasonal vaccines, immunomodulators, monoclonal antibodies and other novel treatments. to this end we manufactured a new h3n2 influenza ... | 2016 | 26761707 |
| characterization of viral load, viability and persistence of influenza a virus in air and on surfaces of swine production facilities. | indirect transmission of influenza a virus (iav) in swine is poorly understood and information is lacking on levels of environmental exposure encountered by swine and people during outbreaks of iav in swine barns. we characterized viral load, viability and persistence of iav in air and on surfaces during outbreaks in swine barns. iav was detected in pigs, air and surfaces from five confirmed outbreaks with 48% (47/98) of oral fluid, 38% (32/84) of pen railing and 43% (35/82) of indoor air sample ... | 2016 | 26757362 |
| are plasma mineral levels related to antibody response to influenza vaccination in older adults? | an effective immune response to vaccination may be related to nutritional status. this study examined the association of plasma mineral levels with hemagglutination inhibition (hi) titers produced in response to influenza vaccine in older adults. | 2016 | 26751915 |
| prevalence of influenza a virus in exhibition swine during arrival at agricultural fairs. | the exhibition swine at agricultural fairs provides a critical human-swine interface that allows for the bidirectional transmission of influenza a virus (iav). previous iav surveillance at the end of fairs has resulted in frequent detection of iav-infected swine; little is known, however, about the frequency with which swine arrive at fairs already infected with iav. we investigated the iav prevalence among exhibition swine entering fairs to better understand the epidemiology of iav in this uniq ... | 2016 | 26750204 |
| hemagglutinin of influenza a virus binds specifically to cell surface nucleolin and plays a role in virus internalization. | the hemagglutinin (ha) protein of influenza a virus initiates cell entry by binding to sialic acids on target cells. in the current study, we demonstrated that in addition to sialic acids, influenza a/puerto rico/8/34 h1n1 (pr8) virus ha specifically binds to cell surface nucleolin (ncl). the interaction between ha and ncl was initially revealed with virus overlay protein binding assay (vopba) and subsequently verified with co-immunoprecipitation. importantly, inhibiting cell surface ncl with nc ... | 2016 | 27085069 |
| bioinformatics studies of influenza a hemagglutinin sequence data indicate recombination-like events leading to segment exchanges. | the influenza genome is highly variable due primarily to two mechanisms: antigenic drift and antigenic shift. a third mechanism for genetic change, known as copy choice or template switching, can arise during replication when, if two viral strains infect a cell, a part of a gene from the second viral strain can be copied into the growing progeny of a gene of the first viral strain as replacement leading to a new variety of the virus. this template switching between the same genes of the two stra ... | 2016 | 27083561 |
| long-lasting cross-protection against influenza a by neuraminidase and m2e-based immunization strategies. | there is mounting evidence that in the absence of neutralizing antibodies cross-reactive t cells provide protection against pandemic influenza viruses. here, we compared protection and cd8+ t cell responses following challenge with h1n1 2009 pandemic and h3n2 viruses of mice that had been immunized with hemagglutinin (ha), neuraminidase (na) and the extracellular domain of matrix protein 2 (m2e) fused to a virus-like particle (vlp). mice were challenged a first time with a sublethal dose of h1n1 ... | 2016 | 27072615 |
| moderate influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation with a(h3n2) and a(h1n1) influenza in 2013-14: results from the innhove network. | we conducted a multicentre test negative case control study to estimate the 2013-14 influenza vaccine effectiveness (ive) against hospitalised laboratory confirmed influenza in 12 hospitals in france, italy and spain. we included all ≥18 years hospitalised patients targeted by local influenza vaccination campaign reporting an influenza-like illness within 7 days before admission. we defined as cases patients rt-pcr positive for influenza and as controls those negative for all influenza virus. we ... | 2016 | 27065000 |
| protective immunity against homologous and heterologous influenza virus lethal challenge by immunization with new recombinant chimeric ha2-m2e fusion protein in balb/c mice. | influenza is an acute and highly contagious respiratory disease. the error prone rna polymerase and segmented nature of the influenza a virus genome allow antigenic drift and shift, respectively. therefore, most influenza vaccines are inefficient along time and against different viral subtypes. in this study, for the first time, protection properties of a new recombinant fusion of ha2 and m2e peptides originated from influenza virus a/brisbane/59/2007-like (h1n1) in balb/c mice model were invest ... | 2016 | 27058011 |
| influenza neuraminidase subtype n1: immunobiological properties and functional assays for specific antibody response. | influenza neuraminidase (na) proteins expressed in tk- cells infected with recombinant vaccinia virus carrying na gene of highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n1 virus or 2009 pandemic h1n1 (h1n1pdm) virus were characterized for their biological properties, i.e., cell localization, molecular weight (mw), glycosylation and sialidase activity. immune sera collected from balb/c mice immunized with these recombinant viruses were assayed for binding and functional activities of anti-na antibodies. rec ... | 2016 | 27054879 |
| a novel m2e-multiple antigenic peptide providing heterologous protection in mice. | swine influenza viruses (swivs) cause considerable morbidity and mortality in domestic pigs, resulting in a significant economic burden. moreover, pigs have been considered to be a possible mixing vessel in which novel strains loom. here, we developed and evaluated a novel m2e-multiple antigenic peptide (m2e-map) as a supplemental antigen for inactivated h3n2 vaccine to provide cross-protection against two main subtypes of swivs, h1n1 and h3n2. the novel tetra-branched map was constructed by fus ... | 2016 | 27051342 |
| influenza a virus and influenza b virus can induce apoptosis via intrinsic or extrinsic pathways and also via nf-κb in a time and dose dependent manner. | influenza viruses are able to cause annual epidemics and pandemics due to their mutation rates and reassortment capabilities leading to antigenic shifts and drifts. to identify host response to influenza a and b viruses on a549 and mdck ii cells at low and high mois, expressions of mxa and caspases 3, 8, and 9 and bad, tnfα, and iκbα genes were measured in the cells supernatants. h1n1 and h3n2 prefer to initially enhance the intrinsic pathway, determined by higher caspase 9 activity in mdck ii c ... | 2016 | 27042352 |
| clinical and radiographic comparison of influenza virus-associated pneumonia among three viral subtypes. | presently, the predominant subtypes of influenza viruses in the world, except for those in local epidemics, include influenza pandemic h1n1 2009 (ph1n1), h3n2, and b viruses. there are few reports on the differences in the clinical features, radiographic findings, treatment, and outcomes of influenza virus-associated pneumonia among these three viral subtypes. the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the clinical features, radiographic findings, treatment, and outcomes differ among t ... | 2016 | 27041156 |
| the dod global, laboratory-based, influenza surveillance program: summary for the 2013-2014 influenza season. | this report for the 2013-2014 influenza season summarizes the results of influenza surveillance carried out by the dod global, laboratory-based, influenza surveillance program, which is managed by the u.s. air force school of aerospace medicine epidemiology consult service and epidemiology laboratory at wright-patterson air force base, oh. sentinel sites submitted 3,903 specimens for clinical diagnostic testing and 1,163 (29.8%) were positive for influenza virus. the predominant influenza subtyp ... | 2016 | 27030925 |
| age at vaccination and timing of infection do not alter vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease in influenza a virus-infected pigs. | whole inactivated virus (wiv) vaccines are widely used in the swine industry to reduce clinical disease against homologous influenza a virus (iav) infection. in pigs experimentally challenged with antigenically distinct heterologous iav of the same hemagglutinin subtype, wiv vaccinates have been shown to develop vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (vaerd). we evaluated the impact of vaccine valency, age at vaccination, and duration between vaccination and challenge on the development ... | 2016 | 27030585 |
| post-pandemic seroprevalence of human influenza viruses in domestic cats. | the continuous exposure of cats to diverse influenza viruses raises the concern of a potential role of cats in the epidemiology of these viruses. our previous seroprevalence study of domestic cat sera collected during the 2009 h1n1 pandemic wave (september 2009-september 2010) revealed a high prevalence of pandemic h1n1, as well as seasonal h1n1 and h3n2 human flu virus infection (22.5%, 33.0%, and 43.5%, respectively). in this study, we extended the serosurvey of influenza viruses in cat sera c ... | 2016 | 27030198 |
| quantifying homologous and heterologous antibody titre rises after influenza virus infection. | most influenza virus infections are associated with mild disease. one approach to estimate the occurrence of influenza virus infections in individuals is via repeated measurement of humoral antibody titres. we used baseline and convalescent antibody titres measured by haemagglutination inhibition (hi) and viral neutralization (vn) assays against influenza a(h1n1), a(h3n2) and b viruses to investigate the characteristics of antibody rises following virologically confirmed influenza virus infectio ... | 2016 | 27018720 |
| detection of influenza virus using peroxidase-mimic of gold nanoparticles. | a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with nanomaterials is an effective and powerful method to amplify the signal and reduce the cost of detecting and measuring trace biomarkers or proteins. in this study, an ultra-sensitive colorimetric immunoassay was designed, and its ability to detect influenza viruses using positively charged gold nanoparticles ((+)au nps) was assessed as a possible role for peroxidase-mimic inorganic enzymes. this method detected influenza virus a (h1n1) wi ... | 2016 | 27002303 |
| viral infections in children in the 2014/2015 epidemic season in poland. | in every epidemic season, viral infections affect the general population, including children, which is an underestimated issue. the present study demonstrates the results of examination of 802 clinical samples obtained from pediatric patients aged 0-14 years during the 2014/2015 epidemic season in poland. the study was part of the virological surveillance systems - sentinel and non-sentinel. a positive result for virological infection was obtained in 50.9 % of samples tested. the distribution of ... | 2016 | 26987329 |
| molecular characterization of a novel reassortant h1n2 influenza virus containing genes from the 2009 pandemic human h1n1 virus in swine from eastern china. | pandemic outbreaks of h1n1 swine influenza virus have been reported since 2009. reassortant h1n2 viruses that contain genes from the pandemic h1n1 virus have been isolated in italy and the united states. however, there is limited information regarding the molecular characteristics of reassortant h1n2 swine influenza viruses in eastern china. active influenza surveillance programs in zhejiang province identified a novel h1n2 influenza virus isolated from pigs displaying clinical signs of influenz ... | 2016 | 26980674 |
| detailed report on 2014/15 influenza virus characteristics, and estimates on influenza virus vaccine effectiveness from austria's sentinel physician surveillance network. | influenza vaccine effectiveness (ve) is influenced by the antigenic similarity between vaccine- and circulating strains. | 2016 | 26975056 |
| antigenic drift of a/h3n2/virus and circulation of influenza-like viruses during the 2014/2015 influenza season in poland. | morbidity rates of influenza could be greatly reduced due to vaccination. however, the virus is able to evolve through genetic mutations, which is why vaccines with updated composition are necessary every season. their effectiveness depends on whether there is a good antigenic match between circulating viruses and vaccine strains. in poland, the 2014/2015 influenza epidemic started in week 5 (january/february) of 2015 and continued until week 17 (april) of 2015. the influenza activity was modera ... | 2016 | 26956457 |
| a novel small-molecule inhibitor of influenza a virus acts by suppressing pa endonuclease activity of the viral polymerase. | the rna-dependent rna polymerase of influenza a virus comprises conserved and independently-folded subdomains with defined functionalities. the n-terminal domain of the pa subunit (pa(n)) harbors the endonuclease function so that it can serve as a desired target for drug discovery. to identify a class of anti-influenza inhibitors that impedes pa(n) endonuclease activity, a screening approach that integrated the fluorescence resonance energy transfer based endonuclease inhibitory assay with the d ... | 2016 | 26956222 |
| induction of systemic and mucosal immunity and maintenance of its memory against influenza a virus by nasal vaccination using a new mucosal adjuvant sf-10 derived from pulmonary surfactant in young cynomolgus monkeys. | induction of systemic and mucosal immunity and maintenance of its memory was investigated in 12 young male cynomolgus monkeys after intranasal instillation of flu vaccine using a new mucosal adjuvant sf-10 derived from pulmonary surfactant constituents. split-product of influenza virus a/california/7/2009(h1n1)pdm hemagglutinin vaccine (hav) at 15 μg with or without sf-10 and the adjuvant alone were instilled intranasally three times every 2 weeks. sf-10-adjuvanted hav (sf-10-hav) elicited signi ... | 2016 | 26954466 |
| genotyping and detection of common avian and human origin-influenza viruses using a portable chemiluminescence imaging microarray. | influenza viruses are divided into three types, a, b, and c. human influenza a and b viruses can cause seasonal epidemics, but influenza c causes only a mild respiratory illness. influenza a virus can infect various host species. in 2013, human-infectious avian influenza a (h7n9) was first reported in china. by the second week of 2014, there were 210 laboratory-confirmed human cases in the country, and the mortality rate eventually reached 22 %. rapid and accurate diagnosis of influenza viruses ... | 2016 | 27822445 |
| influence of social contact patterns and demographic factors on influenza simulation results. | the demographic composition and the frequency and nature of social contacts may affect the spread of influenza virus in a population, resulting in distinct age-dependent immunity patterns. as demography and social contact rates differ strongly between european countries, this may impact infection incidence and vaccine effectiveness and thus limit the extent to which conclusions derived from observations in one country can be generalized to others. in the current study, we aimed to decipher the i ... | 2016 | 27821137 |
| molecular-level analysis of the serum antibody repertoire in young adults before and after seasonal influenza vaccination. | molecular understanding of serological immunity to influenza has been confounded by the complexity of the polyclonal antibody response in humans. here we used high-resolution proteomics analysis of immunoglobulin (referred to as ig-seq) coupled with high-throughput sequencing of transcripts encoding b cell receptors (bcr-seq) to quantitatively determine the antibody repertoire at the individual clonotype level in the sera of young adults before and after vaccination with trivalent seasonal influ ... | 2016 | 27820605 |
| exogenous activation of invariant natural killer t cells by α-galactosylceramide reduces pneumococcal outgrowth and dissemination postinfluenza. | influenza a virus infection can predispose to potentially devastating secondary bacterial infections. invariant natural killer t (inkt) cells are unconventional, lipid-reactive t lymphocytes that exert potent immunostimulatory functions. using a mouse model of postinfluenza invasive secondary pneumococcal infection, we sought to establish whether α-galactosylceramide (α-galcer [a potent inkt cell agonist that is currently in clinical development]) could limit bacterial superinfection. our result ... | 2016 | 27803187 |
| serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d was not associated with influenza virus infection in children and adults in hong kong, 2009-2010. | some studies have hypothesized that vitamin d may have a role to play in protection against influenza virus infections and illnesses, and that seasonal fluctuation in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d [25(oh)d] may affect seasonal patterns of influenza virus infections. | 2016 | 27798334 |
| constitutively expressed ifitm3 protein in human endothelial cells poses an early infection block to human influenza viruses. | a role for pulmonary endothelial cells in the orchestration of cytokine production and leukocyte recruitment during influenza virus infection, leading to severe lung damage, has been recently identified. as the mechanistic pathway for this ability is not fully known, we extended previous studies on influenza virus tropism in cultured human pulmonary endothelial cells. we found that a subset of avian influenza viruses, including potentially pandemic h5n1, h7n9, and h9n2 viruses, could infect huma ... | 2016 | 27707929 |
| virologic differences do not fully explain the diversification of swine influenza viruses in the united states. | influenza a(h1n1) viruses entered the u.s. swine population following the 1918 pandemic and remained genetically stable for roughly 80 years. in 1998, there was an outbreak of influenza-like illness among swine that was caused by a(h3n2) viruses containing the triple reassortant internal gene (trig) cassette. following the trig cassette emergence, numerous reassortant viruses were isolated in nature, suggesting that the trig virus had an enhanced ability to reassort compared to the classical swi ... | 2016 | 27581984 |
| seasonal influenza vaccination of children induces humoral and cell-mediated immunity beyond the current season: cross-reactivity with past and future strains. | influenza viruses gradually accumulate point mutations, reducing the effectiveness of prior immune protection. | 2016 | 27571905 |
| fatal cases of seasonal influenza in russia in 2015-2016. | the influenza epidemic in 2015-2016 in russia is characterized by a sharp increase of influenza cases (beginning from the second week of 2016) with increased fatalities. influenza was confirmed in 20 fatal cases registered among children (0-10 years), in 5 cases among pregnant women, and in 173 cases among elderly people (60 years and older). two hundred and ninety nine people died from influenza were patients with some chronic problems. the overwhelming majority among the deceased (more than 98 ... | 2016 | 27776172 |
| circulation of multiple genotypes of h1n2 viruses in a swine farm in italy over a two-month period. | in august 2012 repeated respiratory outbreaks caused by swine influenza a virus (swiav) were registered for a whole year in a breeding farm in northeast italy that supplied piglets for fattening. the virus, initially characterized in the farm, was a reassortant eurasian avian-like h1n1 (h1avn1) genotype, containing a haemagglutinin segment derived from the pandemic h1n1 (a(h1n1)pdm09) lineage. to control infection, a vaccination program using vaccines against the a(h1n1)pdm09, human-like h1n2 (h ... | 2016 | 27771067 |
| improving influenza virological surveillance in europe: strain-based reporting of antigenic and genetic characterisation data, 11 european countries, influenza season 2013/14. | influenza antigenic and genetic characterisation data are crucial for influenza vaccine composition decision making. previously, aggregate data were reported to the european centre for disease prevention and control by european union/european economic area (eu/eea) countries. a system for collecting case-specific influenza antigenic and genetic characterisation data was established for the 2013/14 influenza season. in a pilot study, 11 eu/eea countries reported through the new mechanism. we demo ... | 2016 | 27762211 |
| virological surveillance of influenza in four recent post-pandemic seasons (2010/11 to 2013/14) in bulgaria. | influenza virological surveillance is an essential tool for studying the evolution of influenza viruses as well as for annual updating of the vaccine composition. the aim of the present study is to analyse the circulation of the influenza viruses in bulgaria during the four recent post-pandemic seasons. | 2016 | 27755859 |
| characterization of influenza outbreaks in lebanon during the 2013/14 and 2014/15 seasons. | despite the significant burden of influenza outbreaks, active disease monitoring has been largely absent in the middle east, including lebanon. in this study we characterized influenza virus in 440 nasopharyngeal swabs collected from patients with acute respiratory infections during two influenza seasons in lebanon. influenza a(h3n2) was dominant in the 2013/14 season while the a(h1n1)pdm09 and b/yamagata strains were most prevalent in the 2014/15 season. all tested isolates were susceptible to ... | 2016 | 27714749 |
| molecular epidemiology and evolution of a(h1n1) pdm09 and h3n2 viruses in jordan, 2011-2013. | understanding the genetic evolution of a(h1n1)pdm09 and h3n2 viruses can help better select strains to be included in the annual influenza vaccine. there is little information on their evolution in jordan so this study investigated the genetic and antigenic variability of a(h1n1)pdm09 and h3n2 viruses in jordan by performing phylogenetic and genetic analyses of the ha and na genes of a(h1n1)pdm09 and h3n2 viruses between 2011 and 2013. the full ha and na genes of 16 h1n1-positive samples obtaine ... | 2016 | 27714744 |
| modelling of seasonal influenza and estimation of the burden in tunisia. | the burden of influenza was estimated from surveillance data in tunisia using epidemiological parameters of transmission with who classical tools and mathematical modelling. the incidence rates of influenza-associated influenza-like illness (ili) per 100 000 were 18 735 in 2012/2013 season; 5536 in 2013/14 and 12 602 in 2014/15. the estimated proportions of influenza-associated ili in the total outpatient load were 3.16%; 0.86% and 1.98% in the 3 seasons respectively. distribution of influenza v ... | 2016 | 27714740 |
| detection of influenza b viruses with reduced sensitivity to neuraminidase inhibitor in morocco during 2014/15 season. | we monitored phenotypic and genotypic susceptibility of influenza viruses circulating in morocco during 2014-2015 to oseltamivir and zanamivir. throat and nasal swab specimens were collected from outpatients (with influenza-like illness) and inpatients (with severe acute respiratory illness) and tested for influenza viruses using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. positive samples were inoculated in mdck cells and virus phenotypic susceptibility to neuraminidase inhibitor ... | 2016 | 27714739 |
| characteristics of severe acute respiratory infectionassociated hospitalization in yemen, 2014/15. | this study aims to describe etiological agents, demographic details of patients, seasonality and underlying conditions among patients hospitalized due to viral severe acute respiratory infection (sari) in yemen. we carried out a retrospective descriptive analysis of data from january 2014 to december 2015. nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from each patient for laboratory testing. a total of 1346 diagnostic specimens were tested, of which 733 (54%) were positive for influenza viruses. influenza a( ... | 2016 | 27714737 |
| genetic characterization of influenza viruses from influenza-related hospital admissions in the st. petersburg and valencia sites of the global influenza hospital surveillance network during the 2013/14 influenza season. | continuous surveillance for genetic changes in circulating influenza viruses is needed to guide influenza prevention and control. | 2016 | 27690141 |
| molecular modeling and lead design of substituted zanamivir derivatives as potent anti-influenza drugs. | influenza virus spreads infection by two main surface glycoproteins, namely hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na). na cleaves the sialic acid receptors eventually releasing newly formed virus particles which then invade new cells. inhibition of na could limit the replication of virus to one round which is insufficient to cause the disease. | 2016 | 28155702 |
| optimization of a quantitative micro-neutralization assay. | the micro-neutralization (mn) assay is a standard technique for measuring the infectivity of the influenza virus and the inhibition of virus replication. in this study, we present the protocol of an imaging-based mn assay to quantify the true antigenic relationships between viruses. unlike typical plaque reduction assays that rely on visible plaques, this assay quantitates the entire infected cell population of each well. the protocol matches the virus type or subtype with the selection of cell ... | 2016 | 28060291 |
| coherence of influenza surveillance data across different sources and age groups, beijing, china, 2008-2015. | influenza is active during the winter and spring in the city of beijing, which has a typical temperate climate with four clear distinct seasons. the clinical and laboratory surveillance data for influenza have been used to construct critical indicators for influenza activities in the community, and previous studies have reported varying degrees of association between laboratory-confirmed influenza specimens and outpatient consultation rates of influenza-like illness in subtropical cities. howeve ... | 2016 | 28036373 |
| one-pot reverse transcriptional loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) for detecting mers-cov. | due to the limitation of rapid development of specific antiviral drug or vaccine for novel emerging viruses, an accurate and rapid diagnosis is a key to manage the virus spread. we developed an efficient and rapid method with high specificity for the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov), based on one-pot reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (one-pot rt-lamp). a set of six lamp primers [f3, b3, fip, bip, lf (loop-f), and lb (loop-b)] were designed using ... | 2016 | 28119682 |
| rules of co-occurring mutations characterize the antigenic evolution of human influenza a/h3n2, a/h1n1 and b viruses. | the human influenza viruses undergo rapid evolution (especially in hemagglutinin (ha), a glycoprotein on the surface of the virus), which enables the virus population to constantly evade the human immune system. therefore, the vaccine has to be updated every year to stay effective. there is a need to characterize the evolution of influenza viruses for better selection of vaccine candidates and the prediction of pandemic strains. studies have shown that the influenza hemagglutinin evolution is dr ... | 2016 | 28117657 |
| evaluation of a candidate live attenuated influenza vaccine prepared in changchun bcht (china) for safety and efficacy in ferrets. | we evaluated the safety and efficacy of a live attenuated influenza vaccine (laiv) product in ferrets. the bcht laiv product was significantly less virulent than wild-type h1n1 virus, when evaluated by comparing virus shedding and histopathologic lesions. the data indicated strong evidence for an attenuated phenotype of laiv. furthermore, the vaccine induced robust humoral immune responses in seronegative ferrets, and protected ferrets against development of fever, weight loss and turbinate infl ... | 2016 | 27997342 |
| simultaneous detection of influenza a subtypes of h3n2 virus, pandemic (h1n1) 2009 virus and reassortant avian h7n9 virus in humans by multiplex one-step real-time rt-pcr assay. | influenza a virus is a leading causative pathogen of human acute respiratory infection. recently, the co-circulation of pandemic (h1n1) 2009 and seasonal h3n2 viruses was reported, and sporadic cases with reassortant avian h7n9 virus are continually reported in china. we aimed to establish a multiplex one-step real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rrt-pcr) assay to simultaneously detect and discriminate flua subtypes, including human seasonal h3n2 virus, pandemic (h1n1) 2009 ... | 2016 | 27995031 |
| national influenza surveillance in the philippines from 2006 to 2012: seasonality and circulating strains. | the results of routine influenza surveillance in 13 regions in the philippines from 2006 to 2012 are presented, describing the annual seasonal epidemics of confirmed influenza virus infection, seasonal and alert thresholds, epidemic curve, and circulating influenza strains. | 2016 | 27993136 |
| in vitro anti-viral activity of psoraleae semen water extract against influenza a viruses. | influenza causes respiratory infections and poses health risks to humans and animals; its effects are complicated by increasing resistance to existing anti-influenza viral agents. therefore, novel therapeutic approaches against influenza virus infection are required. psoraleae semen has been widely used in traditional medicine in korea, taiwan, china, and japan for treating and preventing various diseases. in this study, we examined the anti-viral activities and mechanism of action of the water ... | 2016 | 27965579 |
| epidemiological and virological characteristics of influenza in chongqing, china, 2011-2015. | chongqing is the largest municipality and located in southwestern of china, with over 30 million registered inhabitants. there are few reports regarding the epidemiology of influenza in chongqing. the objective of the paper is to explore the epidemiology of influenza in chongqing, in order to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of influenza. | 2016 | 27936139 |
| human seasonal influenza a viruses induce h7n9-cross-reactive antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) antibodies that are directed towards the nucleoprotein. | antibodies that mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) against avian influenza virus subtypes including h7n9 and h5n1 have been detected in human sera. there are limited data on the presence of such cross-reactive adcc mediating antibodies (adcc-abs) in children and the viral target(s) of these abs are poorly understood. using high-throughput nk cell activation and nk cytotoxicity assays, we compared adcc-abs in sera collected from healthy infants (≤1 year), children (2-17 years ... | 2016 | 28011910 |
| impact of influenza in the post-pandemic phase: clinical features in hospitalized patients with influenza a (h1n1) pdm09 and h3n2 viruses, during 2013 in santa fe, argentina. | it is important to characterize the clinical and epidemiological pattern of the influenza a (h1n1) pdm09 virus and compare it with influenza a (h3n2) virus, as surveyed in just a few studies, in order to contribute to the implementation and strengthening of influenza control and prevention strategies. the aims in this study were to describe influenza clinical and epidemiological characteristics in hospitalized patients, caused by influenza a (h1n1)pdm09 and influenza a (h3n2) viruses during 2013 ... | 2016 | 28004402 |
| influenza a virus vaccines for swine. | economic losses due to influenza a virus (iav) infections are substantial and a global problem, ranking among the top three major health challenges in the swine industry. currently, h1 and h3 subtypes circulate in pigs globally associated with different combinations of n1 and n2 subtypes; however, the origin, gene constellation, and antigenic makeup of iav vary greatly on different continents. vaccination is one means of mitigating the effects of iav disease, and vaccines are most effective if t ... | 2016 | 27923501 |
| establishment of memory cd8+ t cells with live attenuated influenza virus across different vaccination doses. | flumist has been used in children and adults for more than 10 years. as pre-existing cd8+ t cell memory pools can provide heterologous immunity against distinct influenza viruses, it is important to understand influenza-specific cd8+ t cell responses elicited by different live attenuated influenza virus (laiv) regimens. in this study, we immunized mice intranasally with two different doses of live-attenuated pr8 virus (pr8 ts, h1n1), low and high, and then assessed protective efficacy by challen ... | 2016 | 27902386 |
| school absenteeism among school-aged children with medically attended acute viral respiratory illness during three influenza seasons, 2012-2013 through 2014-2015. | acute respiratory illnesses (aris) are common in school-aged children, but few studies have assessed school absenteeism due to specific respiratory viruses. | 2016 | 27885805 |
| monitoring respiratory virus infection in the metropolitan area of belo horizonte, brazil, 2011-2013. | to analyze the circulation of respiratory viruses in people living in the metropolitan area of belo horizonte, brazil, and hospitalized in belo horizonte from 2011 to 2013. | 2016 | 27869941 |
| biochemical and structural characterization of the interface mediating interaction between the influenza a virus non-structural protein-1 and a monoclonal antibody. | we have previously shown that a non-structural protein 1 (ns1)-binding monoclonal antibody, termed as 2h6, can significantly reduce influenza a virus (iav) replication when expressed intracellularly. in this study, we further showed that 2h6 binds stronger to the ns1 of h5n1 than a/puerto rico/8/1934(h1n1) because of an amino acid difference at residue 48. a crystal structure of 2h6 fragment antigen-binding (fab) has also been solved and docked onto the ns1 structure to reveal the contacts betwe ... | 2016 | 27633136 |
| recommendations for prevention and control of influenza in children, 2016-2017. | the purpose of this statement is to update recommendations for the routine use of seasonal influenza vaccine and antiviral medications for the prevention and treatment of influenza in children. the aap recommends annual seasonal influenza immunization for everyone 6 months and older, including children and adolescents. highlights for the upcoming 2016-2017 season include the following: 1. annual universal influenza immunization is indicated with either a trivalent or quadrivalent (no preference) ... | 2016 | 27600320 |