Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| the immunomodulating properties of human respiratory syncytial virus and immunostimulating complexes containing quillaja saponin components qh-a, qh-c and iscoprep703. | a successful vaccine against human rsv (hrsv) is likely to induce a th1 or a balanced th1/th2 cytokine response. we tested a panel of hrsv immunostimulating complexes (iscoms) containing different quillaja saponin fractions (qh-a, qh-c, and 703: a mixture of 70% qh-a and 30% qh-c) with different immunological properties for their capacity of inducing innate and acquired immune responses. the hrsv 703 iscoms induced the strongest innate and acquired immune responses, followed by rsv qh-c and qh-a ... | 2005 | 15681158 |
| role of ccl11 in eosinophilic lung disease during respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major viral pathogen of infants and the elderly. significant morbidity is caused by an overexuberant mixed lung cell infiltrate, which is thought to be driven by chemokines. one of the main chemotactic mediators responsible for the movement of eosinophils is ccl11 (eotaxin). using a mouse model of eosinophilic bronchiolitis induced by rsv, we show here that treatment in vivo with a blocking antibody to ccl11 greatly reduces lung eosinophilia and disease sev ... | 2005 | 15681407 |
| antiviral activity and molecular mechanism of an orally active respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitor. | bms-433771 is an orally bioavailable respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) inhibitor, functioning through inhibition of viral f protein-induced membrane fusion. the compound is active against both a and b groups of rsv, with an average ec(50) of 20 nm. bms-433771 is also efficacious against rsv infection in two rodent models when dosed orally prior to infection. the compound possesses good pharmacokinetic properties, while maintaining a favourable toxicity profile. consequently, bms-433771 is well s ... | 2005 | 15681582 |
| cpg-oligodeoxynucleotides inhibit rsv-enhanced allergic sensitisation in guinea pigs. | experimental respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of guinea pigs is associated with enhanced allergic sensitisation to inhaled ovalbumin (oa) and low-level viral persistence in the lungs. based on the t-helper (th)1/th2 paradigm, in which a th2 shift is characteristic of an allergic response and less effective anti-viral immunity, the effects of immunotherapy with synthetic cytosine phosphate-guanine-oligodeoxynucleotides (cpg-odn), which are potent th1 stimuli, on oa sensitisation with a ... | 2005 | 15684294 |
| development, implementation, and evaluation of a community- and hospital-based respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis program. | to implement and deliver a respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis (rsvp) program in response to the canadian pediatric society recommendations. | 2005 | 15685161 |
| family teaching toolbox. preventing respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | 2005 | 15685162 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus: old challenges and new approaches. | better therapies and prevention strategies are needed to decrease the burden of acute rsv disease in all age populations worldwide. furthermore, we can hypothesize that those improved measures also would likely have an effect on the chronic consequences of rsv infection in children and will reduce the incidence of recurrent wheezing and persistent pulmonary function abnormalities caused by rsv lris. | 2005 | 15693217 |
| an immunocompromised balb/c mouse model for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection causes bronchiolitis in infants and children, which can be fatal, especially in immunocompromised patients. the balb/c mouse, currently used as a model for studying rsv immunopathology, is semi-permissive to the virus. a mouse model that more closely mimics human rsv infection is needed. since immunocompromised conditions increase risk of rsv infection, the possibility of enhancing rsv infection in the balb/c mouse by pretreatment with cyclophosphamide ... | 2005 | 15701174 |
| ym-53403, a unique anti-respiratory syncytial virus agent with a novel mechanism of action. | we performed a large-scale random screening of an in-house chemical library based on the inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced cytopathic effect on hela (human cervical carcinoma) cells, and found a novel and specific anti-rsv agent, 6-{4-[(biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl) amino]benzoyl}-n-cyclopropyl-5,6-dihydro-4h-thieno[3,2-d][1]benzazepine-2-carboxamide (ym-53403). ym-53403 potently inhibited the replication of rsv strains belonging to both a and b subgroups, but not influenza a viru ... | 2005 | 15708639 |
| winter peak of respiratory syncytial virus in islamabad. | a study was carried out on 391 cases of bronchiolitis and pneumonia from different paediatric units in rawalpindi/islamabad, pakistan. a clear winter spike of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was noted. it was found that there was a substantial increase of 30-50% in the positivity of rsv from december to february. | 2005 | 15712541 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus -- associated lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized infants]. | for analysis of clinical features and outcome of hospitalized infants with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection, was carried out. cross-sectional study with 89 infants, hospitalized in two public hospitals during the 1997 and 1998 rsv seasons, in rio de janeiro city. nasopharyngeal secretions were obtained and specimens processed for viral antigens detection by indirect immunofluorescence assay with the use of anti rsv, anti-influenza a and b and anti parainfluenza type ... | 2005 | 15717087 |
| a comparison of thermo electron rsv oia to viral culture and direct fluorescent assay testing for respiratory syncytial virus. | rapid diagnostic methods for respiratory syncytial virus are useful tools available for the clinician. | 2005 | 15722027 |
| incidence of respiratory viruses in preterm infants submitted to mechanical ventilation. | the objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of infection by respiratory viruses in preterm infants submitted to mechanical ventilation, and to evaluate the clinical, laboratory and radiological patterns of viral infections among hospitalized infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) with any kind of acute respiratory failure. seventy-eight preterm infants were studied from november 2000 to september 2002. the newborns were classified into two groups: with viral infectio ... | 2005 | 15729473 |
| differential role for tlr3 in respiratory syncytial virus-induced chemokine expression. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young infants worldwide. previous studies have reported that the induction of interleukin-8/cxcl8 and rantes/ccl5 correlates with disease severity in humans. the production of these chemokines is elicited by viral replication and is nf-kappab dependent. rsv, a negative-sense single-stranded rna virus, requires full-length positive-sense rna for synthesis of new viral rna. the aim of our studies was to ... | 2005 | 15731229 |
| the c-terminal half of tsg101 blocks rous sarcoma virus budding and sequesters gag into unique nonendosomal structures. | retroviral late domains (l domains) are short amino acid sequences in the gag protein that facilitate the process of budding. l domains act by recruiting the escrt complexes, which normally function in the formation of multivesicular bodies. the ptap late domain of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is believed to specifically recruit this machinery by binding the escrt protein tsg101. it was recently demonstrated that expression of a c-terminal fragment of tsg101 (tsg-3') blocked the budding of ... | 2005 | 15731271 |
| amino acid variation within the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus subtype a and b strains during annual epidemics in south africa. | recent evidence of positive selection within the cytotoxic t-cell (ctl) epitopes of the highly conserved nucleoprotein of influenza virus raised the question of whether the ctl epitopes of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are also affected by immune driven change over annual epidemics. the fusion protein (f-protein) of rsv is highly conserved within the two subtypes (a and b) and the most important target for the protective response. the position of various neutralizing epitopes has been mapped ... | 2005 | 15744582 |
| seasonality of invasive pneumococcal disease: temporal relation to documented influenza and respiratory syncytial viral circulation. | seasonal fluctuation in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease has been attributed to winter virus exposure (e.g., influenza and respiratory syncytial virus [rsv]). evidence of a direct correlation of invasive pneumococcal disease with laboratory-confirmed virus seasons, however, is limited. using two prospective surveillance networks, the temporal relation between invasive pneumococcal disease and isolation of circulating winter viruses was explored. | 2005 | 15745727 |
| qsar for anti-rna-virus activity, synthesis, and assay of anti-rsv carbonucleosides given a unified representation of spectral moments, quadratic, and topologic indices. | the unified representation of spectral moments, classic topologic indices, quadratic indices, and stochastic molecular descriptors show that all these molecular descriptors lie within the same family. consequently, the same prior probability for a successful quantitative-structure-activity-relationship (qsar) may be expected irrespective of which indices are selected. herein, we used stochastic spectral moments as molecular descriptors to seek a qsar using a database of 221 bioactive compounds p ... | 2005 | 15745816 |
| identification of a recombinant live attenuated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate that is highly attenuated in infants. | recombination technology can be used to create live attenuated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccines that contain combinations of known attenuating mutations. | 2005 | 15747245 |
| mobilization of plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells to mucosal sites in children with respiratory syncytial virus and other viral respiratory infections. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the principal etiologic agent of bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia in infants and young children. yet, many aspects of its immunopathogenesis are not well understood. | 2005 | 15747246 |
| analysis of respiratory viral coinfection and cytomegalovirus coisolation in pediatric inpatients. | to determine (1) the rates of single infection and coinfection with 7 respiratory viruses in pediatric inpatients undergoing respiratory viral cultures, (2) the rate of cytomegalovirus (cmv) coisolation in these patients and (3) the relationship between these and length of hospital stay. | 2005 | 15750453 |
| incidence of respiratory syncytial virus positivity in young italian children referred to the emergency departments for lower respiratory tract infection over two consecutive epidemic seasons. | the rate and severity of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections within the same nation may vary from one year to another. | 2005 | 15750755 |
| peptide-based candidate vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus. | we engineered a 21-mer peptide representing amino acids 170-190 of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g protein as a fusion with the alfalfa mosaic virus (almv) coat protein (cp), produced recombinant almv particles presenting this peptide (vmr-rsv) on their surfaces and tested the immunogenicity in vitro in human dendritic cells and in vivo in non-human primates. significant pathogen-specific immune responses were generated in both systems: (i) human dendritic cells armed with vmr-rsv genera ... | 2005 | 15755607 |
| antisense approaches for inhibiting respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) continues as an emerging infectious disease not only among infants and children, but also for the immune-suppressed, hospitalised and the elderly. to date, ribavirin (virazole, icn pharmaceuticals, inc.) remains the only therapeutic agent approved for the treatment of rsv. however, its clinical benefits are small and occur only in a fraction of rsv-infected patients. the prophylactic administration of palivizumab (synagis, medimmune, inc.) is problematic and cos ... | 2005 | 15757382 |
| molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus infections among children with acute respiratory symptoms in a community over three seasons. | to study the molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in a community, children with acute respiratory symptoms at a pediatric outpatient clinic in niigata, japan, were analyzed over three seasons from november 2001 to july 2004. of 499 nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens, 185 (37.1%) were rsv positive, and only 8 (4.5%) of 177 patients were shown by the reverse transcription (rt)-pcr method to be reinfected. rsv infection occurred beginning in the early winter, and the rates dec ... | 2005 | 15634948 |
| induction of mucosal b-cell memory by intranasal immunization of mice with respiratory syncytial virus. | the capacity of live or inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) to induce b-cell memory in respiratory-associated lymphoid tissues of mice was examined. eight weeks after primary inoculation with either live or inactivated rsv, adult balb/c mice were challenged with 4x10(5) pfu of rsv. protection from viral shedding and mucosal production of rsv-specific antibodies were examined at various time points after challenge. we found that primary immunization with live, but not inactivated, rsv i ... | 2005 | 15643003 |
| age- and infection-related maturation of the nasal immune response in 0-2-year-old children. | the hygiene hypothesis suggests that exposure to micro-organisms influences development of the immune system in children. | 2005 | 15647045 |
| serum concentrations of interferon-gamma and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 eight years after an early respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection may influence the development of recurrent wheezing and atopy, but the mechanisms are unclear. | 2005 | 15649267 |
| dna vaccination against respiratory syncytial virus in young calves. | a dna vaccine encoding the fusion (f) gene (dna-f) of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) induced significant protection against brsv infection in young calves. however, serum antibody to rsv developed more slowly in animals vaccinated with dna-f when compared with those previously infected with brsv. furthermore, protection against brsv infection was not as great as that induced by prior brsv infection. although there was little difference in the level of protection induced in calves vacc ... | 2005 | 15652666 |
| acute lower respiratory tract infections and respiratory syncytial virus in infants in guinea-bissau: a beneficial effect of bcg vaccination for girls community based case-control study. | among measles unvaccinated infants in guinea-bissau, we tested whether case infants with acute lower respiratory tract infection (alri), especially alri caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), were more likely to be bacille calmette guerin (bcg)-unvaccinated and to have no scar after bcg vaccination than were control infants without symptoms of alri. three hundred and eighty-six case infants with alri were identified at a paediatric clinic (n=84), a health centre (n=82), and in a community ... | 2005 | 15652667 |
| 3-nitrotyrosine attenuates respiratory syncytial virus infection in human bronchial epithelial cell line. | 3-nitrotyrosine (no2tyr), an l-tyrosine derivative during nitrative stress, can substitute the cooh-terminal tyrosine of alpha-tubulin, posttranslationally altering microtubular functions. because infection of the cells by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) may require intact microtubules, we tested the hypothesis that no2tyr would inhibit rsv infection and intracellular signaling via nitrotyrosination of alpha-tubulin. a human bronchial epithelial cell line (beas-2b) was incubated with rsv with ... | 2005 | 15653711 |
| engineering glycoprotein b of bovine herpesvirus 1 to function as transporter for secreted proteins: a new protein expression approach. | glycoprotein b (gb) of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) is essential for bhv-1 replication and is required for membrane fusion processes leading to virus penetration into the target cell and direct spreading of bhv-1 from infected to adjacent noninfected cells. like many of the herpesvirus gb homologs, bhv-1 gb is proteolytically processed by furin, an endoproteinase localized in the trans-golgi network. cleavage by furin is a common mechanism for the activation of a number of viral fusion (f) prote ... | 2005 | 15613307 |
| hospital admission of high risk infants for respiratory syncytial virus infection: implications for palivizumab prophylaxis. | to determine the rates of hospital admission for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection among children born at different gestational ages. to assess the theoretical impact of palivizumab prophylaxis on admissions for rsv infection. | 2005 | 15613580 |
| reduced nasal il-10 and enhanced tnfalpha responses during rhinovirus and rsv-induced upper respiratory tract infection in atopic and non-atopic infants. | rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are the most prevalent inducers of upper respiratory tract infections (urti) in infants and may stimulate immune maturation. to estimate the amount of immune stimulation, nasal immune responses were examined during rhinovirus and rsv-induced urti in infants. nasal brush samples were taken from infants (2-26 months; 57% atopic family) with rhinovirus-induced urti (n=20), with rsv-induced urti (n=7), and with rhinovirus-induced rhinitis (n=11), from ... | 2005 | 15602724 |
| a comparison of epidemiologic and immunologic features of bronchiolitis caused by influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus. | we studied epidemiologic and immunologic factors in infants with bronchiolitis caused by influenza virus. the proportion of these infants who were male and who had an immediate family member with a history of asthma was similar to that of a control group of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. in subjects with influenza virus infection, concentrations of the beta chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (mip-1alpha), but not other beta chemokines, in nasopharynge ... | 2005 | 15602730 |
| cooperativity of actin and microtubule elements during replication of respiratory syncytial virus. | many paramyxoviruses appear to require cytoskeletal elements for particular steps in the virus life cycle. measles virus and sendai virus exhibit a requirement for microtubules in replication in vitro, whereas parainfluenza virus type 3 and rsv require actin for replication. to further elucidate the role of cytoskeletal function and rearrangement in the viral life cycle of rsv, we investigated the efficiency of virus entry, transcription, replication, and budding in the presence of a variety of ... | 2005 | 15582654 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-induced exaggeration of allergic airway disease is dependent upon ccr1-associated immune responses. | severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection has a significant impact on airway function, and may alter subsequent development of asthma. ccr1 mrna was significantly up-regulated during primary rsv infection in balb/c mice, and was also up-regulated during allergen exposure in sensitized mice. although ccr1(-/-) mice exhibited similar levels of airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr) as wild-type mice in response to cockroach allergen alone, in animals treated with rsv prior to cockroach antigen ... | 2005 | 15593301 |
| the impact of splenectomy on antiviral t cell memory in mice. | the contribution of the spleen to protective antiviral t cell memory was studied using the mouse model of infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). virus-specific cd8+ memory t cells were induced by local (intranasal or intracutaneous) or systemic (intravenous) immunization using rsv or vaccinia virus-recombinants expressing an rsv protein. after all three routes of immunization, the spleen was clearly identified as the main anatomic compartment harbouring virus-specific memory t cells. ... | 2005 | 15520043 |
| activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor by respiratory syncytial virus results in increased inflammation and delayed apoptosis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) preferentially infects lung epithelial cells. infection by rsv leads to an extended inflammatory response, characterized by the release of interleukin-8 (il-8). activation of erk map kinase is required for both rsv-induced inflammation and the extended survival of infected cells. in this study, we analyzed the role of the epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) in rsv activation of erk. we demonstrate for the first time that rsv activates egfr in lung epithelial ... | 2005 | 15542601 |
| impact of human metapneumovirus in childhood: comparison with respiratory syncytial virus and influenza viruses. | this study evaluated the overall impact of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection in 1,505 children and their households, and compared it with infections due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza viruses. nasopharyngeal swabs were used at enrollment to collect specimens for the detection of hmpv, rsv, and influenza virus rna by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). hmpv was detected in 42 children (2.8%), rsv in 143 (9.5%; p < 0.0001 vs. hmpv), and influenza viru ... | 2005 | 15543589 |
| severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infancy and asthma and allergy at age 13. | we have prospectively studied wheezing disorder and allergy in 47 children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in infancy and 93 matched control subjects. subjects with at least three episodes of wheezing were defined as recurrent wheezers and as having asthma if the episodes were doctor verified. here we report the outcome at age 13 years in 46/47 children with rsv and 92/93 control subjects. wheezing disorder and clinical allergy were estimated using a questionnai ... | 2005 | 15516534 |
| molecular and clinical characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus infections in hospitalized children. | the objective of this study was to determine the importance of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) for hospitalization in the north east of germany and to obtain molecular epidemiological data of the circulating strains. using a rapid and sensitive reverse transcriptase-pcr, it was found that a quarter of pediatric respiratory disease admissions were due to rsv. infections caused by rsv in hospitalized patients were determined over the whole year. both rsv groups a and b were identified with a pre ... | 2005 | 14722763 |
| protein kinases and adherens junction dynamics in the seminiferous epithelium of the rat testis. | earlier studies in multiple epithelia have shown that cell-cell actin-based adherens junction (aj) dynamics are regulated, at least in part, by the interplay of kinases and phosphatases that determines the intracellular phosphoprotein content. yet it is virtually unknown regarding the role of protein kinases in sertoli-germ cell aj dynamics in the seminiferous epithelium of the testis. to address this issue, an in vitro coculture system utilizing sertoli and germ cells was used to study the regu ... | 2005 | 15389520 |
| development of an improved microneutralization assay for respiratory syncytial virus by automated plaque counting using imaging analysis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children. although several experimental rsv vaccines are under investigation, immuno therapy is the only treatment currently available. in assessing the immunogenicity of various vaccine formulations, a plaque reduction neutralization assay for the evaluation of rsv neutralizing antibody has been widely used. the method produces reliable results, but it is tedious and labor intensive as ... | 2005 | 16281972 |
| human metapneumovirus induces a profile of lung cytokines distinct from that of respiratory syncytial virus. | lung cytokine and chemokine production by balb/c mice infected with human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was compared to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected mice. hmpv infection induced lower levels of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 (il-1), il-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha but was a more potent inducer of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and triggered a more sustained production of the cxc chemokine kc compared to rsv. hmpv was a stronger inducer of both alpha interf ... | 2005 | 16282501 |
| [recommendations for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection]. | premature babies < or = 35 weeks gestation, with or without chronic lung disease (cld), and infants affected by severe congenital heart disease should be considered high risk population for rsv infection and hospitalization. hygienic measures and rsv monoclonal antibodies (palivizumab) have been found useful in decreasing rates of rsv hospitalization in these patients. guidelines for their administration include: a) strongly recommended use in premature babies < or = 28 weeks gestation, or born ... | 2005 | 16219256 |
| clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of viral infections in a neonatal intensive care unit during a 12-year period. | the incidence of viral infections in patients treated in the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) is not well-known. we summarized the data of all patients with laboratory-confirmed viral infections admitted at the nicu of our hospital during the period of 1992-2003. | 2005 | 16220089 |
| the retroviral capsid domain dictates virion size, morphology, and coassembly of gag into virus-like particles. | the retroviral structural protein, gag, is capable of independently assembling into virus-like particles (vlps) in living cells and in vitro. immature vlps of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) are morphologically distinct when viewed by transmission electron microscopy (tem). to better understand the nature of the gag-gag interactions leading to these distinctions, we constructed vectors encoding several rsv/hiv-1 chimeric gag proteins for expression in ... | 2005 | 16227267 |
| alternate polypurine tracts (ppts) affect the rous sarcoma virus rnase h cleavage specificity and reveal a preferential cleavage following a ga dinucleotide sequence at the ppt-u3 junction. | retroviral polypurine tracts (ppts) serve as primers for plus-strand dna synthesis during reverse transcription. the generation and removal of the ppt primer requires specific cleavages by the rnase h activity of reverse transcriptases; removal of the ppt primer defines the left end of the linear viral dna. we replaced the endogenous ppt from rsvp(a)z, a replication-competent shuttle vector based on rous sarcoma virus (rsv), with alternate retroviral ppts and the duck hepatitis b virus "ppt." vi ... | 2005 | 16227289 |
| prospective study of healthcare utilisation and respiratory morbidity due to rsv infection in prematurely born infants. | a study was undertaken to determine the impact of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, both in hospital and the community, on healthcare utilisation and respiratory morbidity in prematurely born infants and to identify risk factors for symptomatic rsv infection. | 2005 | 16227330 |
| visualization of retrovirus budding with correlated light and electron microscopy. | we have used correlated scanning em (sem) and multiphoton fluorescence microscopy to visualize budding of virus-like particles (vlps) of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) and hiv type 1 (hiv-1). when the gag structural protein was expressed alone as a gfp fusion, most budding particles appeared morphologically aberrant, but normal assembly could be rescued by coexpression of untagged gag protein. imaging of live cells allowed budding to be seen in real time as the disappearance of fluorescent spots from ... | 2005 | 16230638 |
| pneumonia in older adults. new categories add complexity to diagnosis and care. | the microbiology of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in older adults, particularly in residents of long-term care facilities, differs from that in the general us population. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are important, newly appreciated causes of pneumonia and triggers of comorbid disease exacerbations that often lead to hospitalization of high-risk elderly patients with underlying heart or lung disease. here, dr high examines the diagnostic and treatment s ... | 2005 | 16296261 |
| antiviral activity of engystol: an in vitro analysis. | to study the effects of the homeopathic preparation engystol (biologische heilmittel heel gmbh, baden-baden, germany) on a panel [corrected] of human pathogenic viruses in vitro. | 2005 | 16296918 |
| selective accumulation of differentiated cd8+ t cells specific for respiratory viruses in the human lung. | the lungs are frequently challenged by viruses, and resident cd8(+) t cells likely contribute to the surveillance of these pathogens. to obtain insight into local t cell immunity to respiratory viruses in humans, we determined the specificity, phenotype, and function of lung-residing cd8(+) t cells and peripheral blood cd8(+) t cells in a paired analysis. the lung contained markedly higher frequencies of influenza (flu)-specific and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-specific cd8(+) t cells when ... | 2005 | 16301748 |
| epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in children with lower respiratory tract infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most frequent pathogen found in hospitalized young children with lower respiratory tract infection, and the virus is distributed worldwide. respiratory distress and respiratory failure are caused by rsv in some severe cases. its appearance always varies every year and depends on differences of latitudes, altitudes and climates. the purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of hospitalized children from a hospital located in northern taiwan ... | 2005 | 16302582 |
| direct binding of respiratory syncytial virus to pneumococci: a phenomenon that enhances both pneumococcal adherence to human epithelial cells and pneumococcal invasiveness in a murine model. | in a previous study we showed that pneumococcal adherence to epithelial cells was enhanced by a preceding respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. rsv-glycoproteins, expressed on the infected cell surface, may play a role in this enhanced pneumococcal binding, by acting as bacterial receptors. in the current study, it was attempted to analyze the capacity of pneumococci to interact directly with rsv virions. by flow-cytometry, a direct interaction between rsv and pneumococci could be detecte ... | 2005 | 16306193 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-inducible bcl-3 expression antagonizes the stat/irf and nf-kappab signaling pathways by inducing histone deacetylase 1 recruitment to the interleukin-8 promoter. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a paramyxovirus that produces airway inflammation, in part by inducing interleukin-8 (il-8) expression, a cxc-type chemokine, via the nf-kappab/rela and stat/irf signaling pathways. in rsv-infected a549 cells, il-8 transcription attenuates after 24 h in spite of ongoing viral replication and persistence of nuclear rela, suggesting a mechanism for transcriptional attenuation. rsv infection induces b-cell lymphoma protein -3 (bcl-3) expression 6 to 12 h after v ... | 2005 | 16306601 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus]. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common worldwide cause of lower respiratory tract infections (lri) in infants less than 6 months of age. the prophylaxis against rsv infection by vaccination has been unsuccessful because of its adverse effects. as antiviral drug, ribavirin spray (aerosol) had been used clinically and reduces the amount of virus load, without reducing the necessity of symptomatic therapy and the duration of hospitalization. therefore rsv lri has been treated ma ... | 2005 | 16308533 |
| impact of palivizumab on admission to the icu for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: a national survey. | to assess the effect of palivizumab licensing for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis on national pediatric icu (picu) admissions and on the need for mechanical ventilation due to rsv bronchiolitis in israel. | 2005 | 16236953 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection of monocyte-derived dendritic cells decreases their capacity to activate cd4 t cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections in children, the elderly, and immune-compromised individuals. cd4 and cd8 t cells play a crucial role in the elimination of rsv from the infected lung, but t cell memory is not sufficient to completely prevent reinfections. the nature of the adaptive immune response depends on innate immune reactions initiated after interaction of invading pathogens with host apcs. for respiratory pathogens myeloid de ... | 2005 | 16237083 |
| role of cysteinyl leukotrienes in airway inflammation and responsiveness following rsv infection in balb/c mice. | cysteinyl leukotrienes (cyslts) contribute to the development of airway obstruction and inflammation in asthma; however little information is available on the role of these molecules in the pathophysiology of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. this study was designed to evaluate the effects of rsv infection on cyslts production in a well-established mouse infection model. furthermore, we assessed the effect of anti-inflammatory agents (a leukotriene receptor antagonist, mk-571, and ... | 2005 | 16238585 |
| a role for airway remodeling during respiratory syncytial virus infection. | severe respiratory syncytial virus infection (rsv) during infancy has been shown to be a major risk factor for the development of subsequent wheeze. however, the reasons for this link remain unclear. the objective of this research was to determine the consequences of early exposure to rsv and allergen in the development of subsequent airway hyperreactivity (ahr) using a developmental time point in the mouse that parallels that of the human neonate. | 2005 | 16242038 |
| [human metapneumovirus--virologic and diagnostic aspects]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a pathogenic respiratory virus, discovered in 2001. the virus is part of the family paramyxoviridae and is comparatively closely related to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the clinical manifestations of a hmpv infection are rather similar to infections caused by rsv, ranging from mild upper airway disease to severe pneumonia. detection of hmpv rna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is the only established routine diagnostic method. the virus is easily cultivate ... | 2005 | 16244676 |
| targeted therapy of respiratory syncytial virus by 2-5a antisense. | respiratory syncytial virus is a leading cause of respiratory disease in infants, young children, immunocompromized patients, and the elderly. previous work has shown that rnase l, an antiviral enzyme of the interferon system, can be recruited to cleave rsvgenomic rna by attaching tetrameric 2' 5'-linked oligoadenylates (2 5a) to an antisense oligonucleotide complementary to repetitive intergenic sequences within the rsv genome (2 5a antisense). rbi034, a 2'-o-methyl rna-modified analogue of the ... | 2005 | 16247978 |
| comparative effects of two neutralizing anti-respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) monoclonal antibodies in the rsv murine model: time versus potency. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading viral pathogen responsible for bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and young children worldwide. we have previously shown in the mouse model that treatment with an anti-rsv neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mab) against the f glycoprotein of rsv, palivizumab, decreased lung inflammation, airway obstruction, and postmethacholine airway hyperresponsiveness. medi-524, or numax, is a new mab derived from palivizumab with enhanced neutralizing activ ... | 2005 | 16251314 |
| overexpression of the m2-2 protein of respiratory syncytial virus inhibits viral replication. | the m2-2 protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is involved in regulation of viral rna transcription and replication. encoded by the next-to-last gene of rsv, the m2-2 open reading frame (orf) overlaps with the upstream m2-1 orf, suggesting that the production of the m2-2 protein might be tightly regulated during virus replication. to evaluate the effect of m2-2 overexpression on rsv replication, the m2-2 gene was separated from m2-1 by leaving it at the position prior to the m2-1 or movin ... | 2005 | 16254330 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infections: characteristics and treatment. | in this review, we describe the history, epidemiology and clinical manifestations of infections attributed to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in children. at present, no cure exists for rsv infection but commonly employed palliative treatments include oxygen and inhaled beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonists, such as salbutamol, to relieve the wheezing and increased bronchiolar smooth muscle constriction. adrenaline (epinephrine) has been found to be superior to the selective beta(2)-adrenoceptor agoni ... | 2005 | 16259768 |
| [a field trial of recombinant human interferon alpha-2b for nasal spray to prevent sars and other respiratory viral infections]. | to study the preventive effect of recombinant human interferon alpha-2b for nasal spray against sars and other common respiratory viral infections by serum-epidemiological method. | 2005 | 16261200 |
| teenage asthma after severe infantile bronchiolitis or pneumonia. | the purpose of the study was to evaluate asthma at >13 y of age in children with infantile bronchiolitis or pneumonia. | 2005 | 16263629 |
| [neonatal hospitalization through a hospital emergency service in uruguay]. | to determine the prevalence of neonatal admissions through a pediatric emergency department (ped), and to evaluate the characteristics of patients who present vital risk on arrival. | 2005 | 16266616 |
| breastfeeding reduces immune activation in primary respiratory syncytial virus infection. | in epidemiological studies of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease, breast milk has proven to be beneficial. however, a host mechanism that is associated with both disease severity and that is capable of being modulated by breast milk, has not yet been identified. both the predominance of interleukin-10 (il-10) over interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma), and high soluble interleukin-2 receptor antagonist (scd25) concentrations have been associated with rsv severity. we explored if they were modulate ... | 2005 | 16266861 |
| activation and inactivation of antiviral cd8 t cell responses during murine pneumovirus infection. | pneumonia virus of mice (pvm) is a natural pathogen of mice and has been proposed as a tractable model for the replication of a pneumovirus in its natural host, which mimics human infection with human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). pvm infection in mice is highly productive in terms of virus production compared with the situation seen with rsv in mice. because rsv suppresses cd8 t cell effector function in the lungs of infected mice, we have investigated the nature of pvm-induced cd8 t cell ... | 2005 | 16272314 |
| comparison of the rsv respi-strip with direct fluorescent-antigen detection for diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in pediatric patients. | the rsv respi-strip was compared to the simulfluor respiratory screen for detecting respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal aspirates from pediatric patients. of samples tested, 115/239 (49%) were positive by direct fluorescent-antigen detection. the sensitivity and specificity of the rsv respi-strip were 92% (95% confidence interval [ci], 86% to 96%) and 98% (95% ci, 94% to 100%), respectively, with a diagnostic efficiency of 95%. | 2005 | 16272519 |
| a novel inhibitor of respiratory syncytial virus isolated from ethnobotanicals. | a novel low molecular weight compound, cj 4-16-4, isolated from ethnobotanicals using bioassay-guided fractionation, was found to be a potent inhibitor of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in vitro and in vivo. in vitro, a very low micromolar efficacious dose was obtained against at least four of subtype a (rsv-long, rsv a2, and rsv a6 57754) and one of subtype b (washington) rsv strains without seeing any significant cytotoxicity to hep-2, mdck or vero cell lines. the drug inhibits growth of rs ... | 2005 | 16280176 |
| [construction and effect of the recombinant pshrna plasmid against respiratory syncystial virus m2-1 gene]. | respiratory syncystial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of lower respiratory infections in infants worldwide. there is no reliable vaccine or antiviral drug against rsv at present. rna interference (rnai) technology is a potent method to degrade expression of the cognate mrna. in order to inhibit the replication of rsv at gene level, the effects of specific rnai against m2-1 gene of rsv on inhibition of viral replication in cell culture system was observed in this study. | 2005 | 16316538 |
| analysis of the thermal and ph stability of human respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was studied as a function of ph (3-8) and temperature (10-85 degrees c) by fluorescence, circular dichroism, and high-resolution second-derivative absorbance spectroscopies, as well as dynamic light scattering and optical density as a measurement of viral aggregation. the results indicate that the secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures of rsv are both ph and temperature labile. derivative ultraviolet absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy (intrinsic an ... | 2005 | 16323956 |
| hyperresponsiveness to inhaled but not intravenous methacholine during acute respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice. | to characterise the acute physiological and inflammatory changes induced by low-dose rsv infection in mice. | 2005 | 16324223 |
| [viral etiology of pneumonia in children]. | to evaluate the viral pathogen of pneumonia in children. | 2005 | 16331823 |
| noninvasive therapy with helium-oxygen for severe bronchiolitis. | to determine whether noninvasive therapy using a helium-oxygen mixture reduces the use of positive-pressure ventilation in the treatment of respiratory failure caused by severe bronchiolitis. | 2005 | 16356437 |
| brief report: respiratory syncytial virus activity--united states, 2004-2005. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) (e.g., bronchiolitis and pneumonia) among young children, resulting in an estimated 51,000-82,000 hospitalizations annually in the united states. rsv also causes severe disease and death among older persons and persons of all ages with compromised respiratory, cardiac, or immune systems and can exacerbate chronic cardiac and pulmonary conditions. in temperate climates, most rsv infections occur durin ... | 2005 | 16358448 |
| [microbiologic diagnosis of acute upper respiratory tract infections]. | the main aim of the microbiological diagnosis is to detect the etiologic agent of an infection. in case of bacteria it means to check the susceptibility to antibiotics. it can be difficult to find the etiological agent of respiratory tract infections due to wide range of potential pathogens both viral and bacterial. culture methods are the most frequently used while in case of atypical and viral pathogens rather serological methods based on specific antibody level checking are recommended. in hi ... | 2005 | 16358917 |
| medical and economic impact of a respiratory syncytial virus outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes frequent nosocomial outbreaks in general pediatric wards but is less commonly reported in neonatal intensive care units (nicus). we investigated an outbreak of rsv infection in a nicu and its impact on health care delivery, outcomes and costs. | 2005 | 16371862 |
| contribution of respiratory syncytial virus, influenza and parainfluenza viruses to acute respiratory infections in san luis potosí, mexico. | respiratory viruses are the main pathogens associated with acute respiratory illness (ari) in children. | 2005 | 16371864 |
| virus-induced airway dysfunction: pathogenesis and biomechanisms. | viral respiratory tract infections cause significant morbidity and mortality. respiratory viruses are suspected to play a role in the inception of asthma early in life. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of infant bronchiolitis, which is associated with the development of childhood wheezing and asthma. however, it is not clear whether this association is "causal" or "circumstantial." | 2005 | 16378041 |
| factors predicting childhood respiratory syncytial virus severity: what they indicate about pathogenesis. | a plethora of clinical experience exists defining the factors associated with differences in severity of childhood respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. these clinical severity factors reveal a wealth of information about the pathogenesis of this disease. reviewing and interpreting the clinical risk factors to gain an insight into rsv pathogenesis is important, especially considering the relative lack of parallel between many animal models of rsv infection and observed human disease. | 2005 | 16378043 |
| chronic manifestations of respiratory syncytial virus infection in premature infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in healthy infants born at term results in long term sequelae. infants born prematurely are at increased risk of severe acute rsv infection; thus it would seem likely that such infants would be at increased risk of long term respiratory sequelae. | 2005 | 16378044 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infections: old challenges and new opportunities. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia among children aged < 1 year. the majority of children hospitalized for rsv infection are younger than 6 months of age. rsv also causes repeated infections including severe lower respiratory tract disease, which may occur at any age, especially among the elderly or those with compromised cardiac, pulmonary, or immune systems. | 2005 | 16378045 |
| modulation of respiratory syncytial virus-induced prostaglandin e2 production by n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in human respiratory epithelium. | infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) results in substantial infant morbidity and has been associated with the subsequent development of childhood asthma. inflammatory mediators produced by both the epithelium and tissue leukocytes during rsv infection stimulate the release of chemotactic factors by the respiratory epithelium and the subsequent influx of inflammatory cells, predominantly neutrophils. we investigated the production of inflammatory mediators [prostaglandin e2 (pge2), in ... | 2005 | 16382572 |
| influence of immunisation with mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin on the sensitisation to inhaled allergens after infection with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) may play an important role in allergic diathesis by creating a th2-type immune response. mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) is known to induce a th1-type immune response, but the association of bcg vaccination and the suppression of allergy development remain controversial. we investigated the influence of bcg vaccination on the immune response to rsv in a mouse model. balb/c mice were bcg vaccinated, rsv infected and ovalbumin (ova) challenged. ... | 2005 | 16362797 |
| respiratory syncytial virus epidemiology in turkey. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children worldwide. this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of rsv among high-risk children admitted with respiratory symptoms in a developing country. this is a multicenter study conducted among children less than 24 months of age and admitted to the hospital with respiratory symptoms. the inclusion criteria included: lower respiratory tract symptoms on admission, gesta ... | 2005 | 16363337 |
| influenza and respiratory syncytial virus morbidity among 0-19 aged group in yunus emre health center. | the objective of the study was to determine the morbidity of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in the 0-19 years of age group with influenza-like illness among the outpatient cases. from 20 january to 31 march 2003 a total of 123 subjects with upper respiratory tract infection attended yunus emre health center. ninety-one subjects fit the case definition of influenza-like illness, which consisted of acute fever of more than 38 degrees c, cough, and sore throat. after obta ... | 2005 | 16363339 |
| intravenous ribavirin is a safe and cost-effective treatment for respiratory syncytial virus infection after lung transplantation. | community-acquired viral infections, such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), represent a risk factor for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (bos), the major limiting factor for long-term survival after lung transplantation (ltx). rsv often presents with acute bronchiolitis and may be fatal in 10% to 20% of patients. standard therapies for rsv include nebulized ribavirin with or without steroids, but are costly and inconvenient. we investigated the utility of intravenous (iv) ribavirin with ste ... | 2005 | 16364859 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infection]. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common worldwide cause of lower respiratory tract infections (lri) in infants less than 12 months of age. rsv isolates can be divided into group a and b. in addition, there were many genotypes within each group, and these genotypes have evolved global setting with temporal and geographic clustering. many cellular genes encoding cytokines and chemokines which are activated by rsv infection has now been focused for the elucidation of pathophysiol ... | 2005 | 16366356 |
| [study on the relations between epidemiology of respiratory syncytial infection in children and climate factors in hangzhou]. | to study the epidemiolgy of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in children and its relations to climate factors in hangzhou. | 2005 | 16390007 |
| patient information. what is respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)? | 2005 | 16411555 | |
| [inf-gamma during respiratory-syncytial induced obstructive respiratory syndrome in infection in children under one year of age]. | lately the connection of asthma and rsv drew the sufficient attention. the recurrent wheezing developed during the rsv in children is particularly frequent in the families having history of atopy. the decreased expression of infgamma may play the role in the pathogenesis of rsv infection. the target of our research was the study of the rate of infgamma during various clinical courses of rsv-infection and definition of its role in the pathogenesis of arvi. 52 children with rsv-associated wheezing ... | 2005 | 16444036 |
| community respiratory viruses as a cause of lower respiratory tract infections following suppressive chemotherapy in cancer patients. | community respiratory viruses are an important cause of respiratory disease in the immunocompromised patients with cancer. to evaluate the occurrence and clinical significance of respiratory virus infections in hospitalized cancer patients at national cancer institute, cairo university, during anticancer treatment, we studied cases that developed episodes of lower respiratory tract infections (lrti). | 2005 | 16508683 |
| respiratory development of 5- to 6- year-old children experiencing a first bronchiolitis episode before age one. | the relationship between early infections due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), particularly bronchiolitis in infancy, and the subsequent development of asthma, bronchial hyper-responsiveness, and/or other allergic manifestations, seems increasingly certain, even if the mechanisms involved are not yet quite clear. | 2005 | 16528903 |
| [diagnostics of viral respiratory infections in hospitalized patients and ambulatory patients from sentinel program during 2004/05 season in poland]. | the aim of the study was to evaluate an impact of respiratory infections on the study population, type/subtype of influenza viruses circulating during 2004/05 season within the groups of hospitalised (n=35) and ambulatory patients (n=420) and to determine antigenic affinity of isolated viral strains. laboratory diagnostics of influenza a and b type, rsv, adenovirus and parainfluenzavirus (type 1, 2 and 3) was performed using direct immunofluorescence test (difa), virus isolation on mdck cell lin ... | 2005 | 16789521 |
| bronchiolitis in abha, southwest saudi arabia: viral etiology and predictors for hospital admission. | bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in children less than 24 months of age and the most frequent cause of hospitalization in infants under 6 months of age. | 2005 | 16483044 |