Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted ascending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
genome-wide analysis of nilaparvata lugens nymphal responses to high-density and low-quality rice hosts.the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens is an economically important pest on rice plants. in this study, the higher population density and yellow-ripe stage of rice plants were used to construct adverse survival conditions (asc) against bph nymphs. simultaneously, the low population density and tillering stage of rice plants were used to establish a suitable survival condition (ssc) as a control. solexa/illumina sequencing was used to identify genes of bph nymphs responding to asc. signif ...201323956011
molecular characterization and gene functional analysis of dicer-2 gene from nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: geometroidea).nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: geometroidea), a serious rice pest in many countries of asia, causes a great loss in rice production every year. rna interference (rnai) is a powerful technology for gene function study in insects and a potential tool for pest control. as a core component of rnai pathway, dicer-2 (dcr-2) protein determines the production of small interfering rna (sirna) and is crucial for the efficiency of rnai. in this study, the full-length complementary dna (cdna) of n. l ...201323955826
zero effect of bt rice on expression of genes coding for digestion, detoxification and immune responses and developmental performances of brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål).transgenic cry1ac, cry2aa and cry1ca (bt toxins) rice lines are well developed to manage lepidopteron pests in china. the impact of transgenic bt rice on the non-target brown planthopper (bph) has become an essential part of environmental risk assessment, however, scanty evidence is found addressing on developmental and molecular responses of bph to the ingestion of bt protein from transgenic rice. the focus of the current study is to examine the developmental characteristics and the expression ...201323920284
conserved micrornas mir-8-5p and mir-2a-3p modulate chitin biosynthesis in response to 20-hydroxyecdysone signaling in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens.molting is an important developmental process in insects, usually along with synthesis and degradation of chitin. 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e), an insect hormone, has been reported to contribute to many processes including molting. however, little is known about the link between the chitin biosynthesis pathway and 20e signaling. here, we report that conserved mir-8-5p (mir-8-5p) and mir-2a-3p and their new target genes are critical for ecdysone-induced chitin biosynthesis in a hemipteran insect nila ...201323796434
the genome sequence and transmission of an iflavirus from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens.a previously unknown iflavirus has been identified in a laboratory colony of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. the iflavirus-like sequence was first identified in contig sequences obtained from transcriptome sequencing (rna-seq) of the brown planthopper. the complete viral genome was resequenced using the sanger method. the positive-strand rna genome was 10,937 nucleotides excluding the 3' poly(a) tail, and contained a single large open reading frame encoding coat proteins in the 5' reg ...201323777870
mitochondrial cox sequences of nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera (hemiptera, delphacidae): low specificity among asian planthopper populations.the brown planthoppers (bph) nilaparvata lugens (stål) and the white-backed planthoppers (wbph) sogatella furcifera (horváth) annually migrate from tropical and subtropical regions to temperate regions in asia, including japan, korea and northern china. to elucidate the genetic divergence based on geography of planthoppers and to estimate their migration route on the basis of molecular data, we analysed a part of their mitochondrial genome sequences. sequences of cytochrome oxidase subunit i (co ...201323537548
the influence of typhoon khanun on the return migration of nilaparvata lugens (stål) in eastern china.migratory insects adapt to and exploit the atmospheric environment to complete their migration and maintain their population. however, little is known about the mechanism of insect migration under the influence of extreme weather conditions such as typhoons. a case study was conducted to investigate the effect of typhoon khanun, which made landfall in the eastern china in sept. 2005, on the migration of brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål). the migration pathways of n. lugens were recons ...201323468954
sublethal effects of paichongding on nilaparvata lugens (homoptera: delphacidae).nilaparvata lugens (stål) is a major rice pest in asia paichongding is a novel neonicotinoid insecticide developed in 2008. the effects of this insecticide on life-table parameters and wing formation of n. lugens were examined in the laboratory. the results showed that paichongding could significantly reduce the fecundity of n. lugens, demonstrating further activity against this pest in addition to direct toxicity. the fecundity of n. lugens treated with lc20, lc30, lc40, and lc50 of paichongdin ...201323448009
a simple sequence repeat- and single-nucleotide polymorphism-based genetic linkage map of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens.in this study, we developed the first genetic linkage map for the major rice insect pest, the brown planthopper (bph, nilaparvata lugens). the linkage map was constructed by integrating linkage data from two backcross populations derived from three inbred bph strains. the consensus map consists of 474 simple sequence repeats, 43 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and 1 sequence-tagged site, for a total of 518 markers at 472 unique positions in 17 linkage groups. the linkage groups cover 1093.9 cm, ...201323204257
feeding-induced interactions between two rice planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera (hemiptera: delphacidae): effects on feeding and honeydew excretion.a series of laboratory experiments was conducted using electrical penetration graph, salivary flange, and honeydew measurement to study the effects of feeding-induced intra- and interspecific interactions on feeding behavior and honeydew excretion between planthoppers nilaparvata lugens (stål) and sogatela furcifera (horváth). feeding-induced intra- and interspecific interactions affected many measures of feeding behavior. the number of salivary flanges, mean duration of pathway activities per i ...201324468558
molecular basis for insecticide-enhanced thermotolerance in the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera:delphacidae).climate change is likely to have marked ecological effects on terrestrial ecosystems, including the activities of insect pests. most attention has focused on the increasing geographical ranges of pests; however, if extrinsic factors enhance their thermotolerance, populations may express increased voltinism and longer daily and annual activity periods. these changes in pest populations have the potential for severe consequences, including increased crop losses and decreased food security at the g ...201324303791
single-feature polymorphism mapping of isogenic rice lines identifies the influence of terpene synthase on brown planthopper feeding preferences.bph3, a major brown planthopper (bph) resistance locus derived from the rice cultivar rathu heenati (rh), has been used as a stable donor of traits that improve highly susceptible aromatic rice varieties in thailand. map-based cloning was initiated using a set of isogenic lines (ils) harboring the major bph3 locus on chromosome 6. il genomes were scanned with a 57 k affymetrix rice genechip to identify the gene responsible for bph3.201324280452
comparative transcriptome analysis of salivary glands of two populations of rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, that differ in virulence.the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), a destructive rice pest in asia, can quickly overcome rice resistance by evolving new virulent populations. herbivore saliva plays an important role in plant-herbivore interactions, including in plant defense and herbivore virulence. however, thus far little is known about bph saliva at the molecular level, especially its role in virulence and bph-rice interaction.201324244529
dicer1 is crucial for the oocyte maturation of telotrophic ovary in nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: geometroidea).as a member of the rnase iii nucleases family, dicer1 (dcr1) protein plays an essential role in the production of micrornas (mirnas) and oocyte development. here, the full-length cdna of nilaparvata lugens dcr1 (nldcr1) was firstly cloned and analyzed, and then the function of nldcr1 gene was investigated by rnai. the open reading frame of nldcr1 cdna was 6,720 bp in length (genbank accession no. jx644040), which encoded for a protein of 2,239 amino acids. the nldcr1 transcripts were present in ...201324132808
proteomic and transcriptomic analyses of fecundity in the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål).as an r-strategy insect species, the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens (stål) is a serious pest of rice crops in the temperate and tropical regions of asia and australia, which may be due to its robust fecundity. here we combined 2-de comparative proteomic and rna-seq transcriptomic analyses to identify fecundity-related proteins and genes. using high- and low-fecundity populations as sample groups, a total of 54 and 75 proteins were significantly altered in the third and sixth day brac ...201324083549
pyramiding and evaluation of three dominant brown planthopper resistance genes in the elite indica rice 9311 and its hybrids.brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens stål, is the most devastating insect pest in rice-producing areas. three dominant bph resistance genes (bph14, bph15, bph18) were pyramided into elite indica rice 9311 and its hybrids using marker-assisted selection. gene effectiveness was evaluated on the basis of seedling and adult rice resistance, honeydew weight and survival rate of bph.201323175467
development and validation of a pcr-based functional marker system for the brown planthopper resistance gene bph14 in rice.brown planthopper (bph) is the most damaging rice pest globally. resistant varieties are the most effective and environmental strategy for protecting the rice crop from bph. functional markers (fms) designed from polymorphic sites within gene sequences affecting phenotypic variation are highly efficient when used for marker assisted selection (mas). bph14 is the first and only cloned insect resistance gene so far in rice. compared to the sequences of its non-effective alleles there are a number ...201324273431
identification of a new locus conferring antixenosis to the brown planthopper in rice cultivar swarnalata (oryza sativa l.).the brown planthopper [nilaparvata lugens (stål); bph] has caused severe damage to rice production. the identification of resistance genes and the development of bph-resistant varieties are economical and effective ways to manage this pest. using an f2 population from a cross between the indica cultivars 93-11 and swarnalata, we mapped the qbph-8 locus to a 7.3-cm region on chromosome 8 in two tests, flanked by the markers rm339 and rm515. in this population, qbph-8 explained 7.7 and 6.6% of the ...201324065663
evidence of sibling species between two host-associated populations of brown planthopper, n. lugens (stål) (homoptera: delphacidea) complex based on morphology and host-plant relationship studies.morphological and host-plant relationship studies were conducted to differentiate two sympatric populations of brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens, one from rice (oryza sativa) and the other from leersia hexandra, a weed grass. in morphometric studies based on esterase activities, an upgma dendrogram using 17 quantitative morphological characters, including stridulatory organs (courtship signal-producing organs) between two sympatric populations of n. lugens, one from rice and the other ...201323932255
an injury equivalency system for establishing a common economic threshold for three species of rice planthoppers (hemiptera: delphacidae) in taiwan.the economic threshold (et) for multiple pest species that share the same injury type on host plants (feeding guild) has been proposed for decision-making in integrated management framework of many defoliating insect pests. however, only a few consider agricultural pests with sucking mouthparts. this study presents the first injury equivalency system for the feeding guild made up of three rice (oryza sativa l.) planthopper (hemiptera: delphacidae) species--nilaparvata lugens (stål), sogatella fu ...201323786072
glutathione s-transferase of brown planthoppers (nilaparvata lugens) is essential for their adaptation to gramine-containing host plants.plants have evolved complex processes to ward off attacks by insects. in parallel, insects have evolved mechanisms to thwart these plant defenses. to gain insight into mechanisms that mediate this arms race between plants and herbivorous insects, we investigated the interactions between gramine, a toxin synthesized by plants of the family gramineae, and glutathione s transferase (gst), an enzyme found in insects that is known to detoxify xenobiotics. here, we demonstrate that rice (oryza sativa) ...201323700450
proteome analysis of rice (oryza sativa l.) mutants reveals differentially induced proteins during brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) infestation.although rice resistance plays an important role in controlling the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens, not all varieties have the same level of protection against bph infestation. understanding the molecular interactions in rice defense response is an important tool to help to reveal unexplained processes that underlie rice resistance to bph. a proteomics approach was used to explore how wild type ir64 and near-isogenic rice mutants with gain and loss of resistance to bph respond durin ...201323434671
towards understanding of molecular interactions between rice and the brown planthopper.the brown planthopper (bph) is the most notorious pest of rice (oryza sativa). studies of rice-bph interaction have contributed to development of new rice varieties, offering an effective means for long-lasting control of bph. here, we review the status of knowledge of the molecular basis of rice-bph interaction, from the perspective of immunity. the bph has complicated feeding behaviors on rice, which are mainly related to host resistance. now, 24 resistance genes have been detected in rice, in ...201323396040
feeding-induced interactions between nilaparvata lugens and laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae): effects on feeding behavior and honeydew excretion.using electrical penetration graph, salivary flange, and honeydew measurement, this study investigated the effects of feeding-induced intra- and interspecific interactions on feeding behavior and honeydew excretion of brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) compared with small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus). results showed that many measures of feeding behavior were affected by feeding-induced intra- and interspecific interactions on two different rice varieties. there were significan ...201324331608
male killing caused by a spiroplasma symbiont in the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus.spiroplasma-mediated late male killing was found in the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus. female-biased colonies (maternal lines, n = 4) were established from planthoppers collected in taiwan and japan. this sex ratio distortion was maternally inherited (sex ratio of total number of progenies [female:male]: 488:0 in f1, 198:7 in f2, 407:0 in f3; likelihood ratio test of all generations, p < 0.0001) and caused by male death during nymphal stages. the female-biased colonies were dou ...201323975837
high temperature determines the ups and downs of small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus population.small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén) numbers usually drop sharply in the summer and revive quickly in the autumn. however, it is unclear whether and how the high temperature plays a role in this process. the effects of durations of heat exposure (33°c) on life-history traits were examined here. exposure of adults for 1 day during the oviposition stage led to a very low survival of nymphs. the average longevity of l. striatellus exposed for 1-31 days from oviposition was signi ...201323955890
various infection status and molecular evidence for horizontal transmission and recombination of wolbachia and cardinium among rice planthoppers and related species.wolbachia and cardinium are widely distributed and are considered important for their ability to disturb reproduction and affect other fitness-related traits of their hosts. by using multilocus sequence typing (mlst), rflp (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and 16s ribosomal dna gene sequencing methods, we extensively surveyed wolbachia and cardinium infection status of four predominant rice planthoppers and one kind of leafhopper in different rice fields. the results demonstrated that s ...201323955885
the complete mitochondrial genomes of two rice planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens and laodelphax striatellus: conserved genome rearrangement in delphacidae and discovery of new characteristics of atp8 and trna genes.nilaparvata lugens (the brown planthopper, bph) and laodelphax striatellus (the small brown planthopper, sbph) are two of the most important pests of rice. up to now, there was only one mitochondrial genome of rice planthopper has been sequenced and very few dependable information of mitochondria could be used for research on population genetics, phylogeographics and phylogenetic evolution of these pests. to get more valuable information from the mitochondria, we sequenced the complete mitochond ...201323799924
development and preliminary application of a triplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for evaluating predation on three planthoppers in a rice ecosystem.a multiplex real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed to simultaneously detect the dna of three rice planthoppers, that is, sogatella furcifera (horváth) (white-backed planthopper), nilaparvata lugens (stål) (brown planthopper) and laodelphax striatellus (fallén) (small brown planthopper), in the gut of their predators. the sets of primers and allglo probes were targeted to the regions of internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) genes in nuclear ribosomal dna (rdna). ...201323711378
identification and biochemical characterization of laodelphax striatellus neutral ceramidase.ceramidases are a group of enzymes that catalyse hydrolysis of ceramides to generate fatty acid and sphingosine. in this study, we report the cloning and characterization of the rice small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus neutral ceramidase (ncdase), lsncer. lsncer was identified by sequencing the transcriptome of l. striatellus and is a protein of 717 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 79.3 kda. similarly to other known ncdases, the optimum ph for lsncer is 8.0 and the opt ...201323601004
synthesis, insecticidal, and antibacterial activities of novel neonicotinoid analogs with dihydropyridine.nilaparvata lugens, a major pest in rice-growing areas, is extremely difficult to manage. neonicotinoids have increasingly been used in crop protection and animal health care against n. lugens. to discover new bioactive molecules and pesticides, we combined the active structure of cyanoacrylates, aromatic aldehydes, and substituted pyridyl (thiazolyl) methyl-2-substituted-methylidene-imidazolidine derivatives for the design and synthesis of a series of novel neonicotinoid analogs with dihydropyr ...201323621983
overexpression of multiple detoxification genes in deltamethrin resistant laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae) in china.the small brown planthopper (sbph), laodelphax striatellus (fallén), is one of the major rice pests in asia and has developed resistance to multiple classes of insecticides. understanding resistance mechanisms is essential to the management of this pest. biochemical and molecular assays were performed in this study to systematically characterize deltamethrin resistance mechanisms with laboratory-selected resistant and susceptible strains of sbph.201324324548
genomic insights into the glutathione s-transferase gene family of two rice planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens (stål) and sogatella furcifera (horváth) (hemiptera: delphacidae).glutathione s-transferase (gst) genes control crucial traits for the metabolism of various toxins encountered by insects in host plants and the wider environment, including insecticides. the planthoppers nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera are serious specialist pests of rice throughout eastern asia. their capacity to rapidly adapt to resistant rice varieties and to develop resistance to various insecticides has led to severe outbreaks over the last decade.201323457591
the genome- and transcriptome-wide analysis of innate immunity in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens.the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) is one of the most serious rice plant pests in asia. n. lugens causes extensive rice damage by sucking rice phloem sap, which results in stunted plant growth and the transmission of plant viruses. despite the importance of this insect pest, little is known about the immunological mechanisms occurring in this hemimetabolous insect species.201323497397
analysis of yeast-like symbiote diversity in the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens stål, using a novel nested pcr-dgge protocol.yeast-like symbiotes (yls) are endosymbionts that are intimately associated with the growth, development, reproduction of their host, the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). however, it is unclear how many species of yls are found within n. lugens, and how they are related to each other. traditional methods or simple amplification based on 18s rdna sequence does not reliably identify new species quickly and efficiently. therefore, a novel nested pcr-denaturing gradien ...201323549902
biochemical mechanisms of imidacloprid resistance in nilaparvata lugens: over-expression of cytochrome p450 cyp6ay1.imidacloprid is a key insecticide extensively used for control of nilaparvata lugens, and its resistance had been reported both in the laboratory selected strains and field populations. a target site mutation y151s in two nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits and enhanced oxidative detoxification have been identified in the laboratory resistant strain, contributing importantly to imidacloprid resistance in n. lugens. to date, however, imidacloprid resistance in field population is primarily ...201323994173
proteolytic processing of bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry1ab in rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål).to understand the low toxicity of cry toxins in planthoppers, proteolytic activation of cry1ab in nilaparvata lugens was studied. the proteolytic processing of cry1ab protoxin by n. lugens midgut proteases was similar to that by trypsin activated cry1ab. the cry1ab processed with n. lugens midgut proteases was highly insecticidal against plutella xylostella. however, cry1ab activated either by trypsin or the gut proteases of the brown planthopper showed low toxicity in n. lugens. binding analysi ...201324021715
characterization of rice black-streaked dwarf virus- and rice stripe virus-derived sirnas in singly and doubly infected insect vector laodelphax striatellus.replication of rna viruses in insect cells triggers an antiviral defense that is mediated by rna interference (rnai) which generates viral-derived small interfering rnas (sirnas). however, it is not known whether an antiviral rnai response is also induced in insects by reoviruses, whose double-stranded rna genome replication is thought to occur within core particles. deep sequencing of small rnas showed that when the small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus) was infected by rice black-str ...201323776591
migration of rice planthoppers and their vectored re-emerging and novel rice viruses in east asia.this review examines recent studies of the migration of three rice planthoppers, laodelphax striatellus, sogatella furcifera, and nilaparvata lugens, in east asia. laodelphax striatellus has recently broken out in jiangsu province, eastern china. the population density in the province started to increase in the early 2000s and peaked in 2004. in 2005, rice stripe virus (rsv) viruliferous rate of l. striatellus peaked at 31.3%. since then, rice stripe disease spread severely across the whole prov ...201324312081
overexpression of rice black-streaked dwarf virus p7-1 in arabidopsis results in male sterility due to non-dehiscent anthers.rice black-streaked dwarf virus (rbsdv), a member of the genus fijivirus in the family reoviridae, is propagatively transmitted by the small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus fallén). rbsdv causes rice black-streaked dwarf and maize rough dwarf diseases, which lead to severe yield losses in crops in china. although several rbsdv proteins have been studied in detail, the functions of the nonstructural protein p7-1 are still largely unknown. to investigate the role of the p7-1 protein in v ...201324260239
southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus: a white-backed planthopper-transmitted fijivirus threatening rice production in asia.southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (srbsdv), a non-enveloped icosahedral virus with a genome of 10 double-stranded rna segments, is a novel species in the genus fijivirus (family reoviridae) first recognized in 2008. rice plants infected with this virus exhibit symptoms similar to those caused by rice black-streaked dwarf virus. since 2009, the virus has rapidly spread and caused serious rice losses in east and southeast asia. significant progress has been made in recent years in understan ...201324058362
knockdown of a putative halloween gene shade reveals its role in ecdysteroidogenesis in the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus.ecdysteroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e) plays fundamental roles in insect development and reproduction, whereas the primary role of ecdysone (e) is the precursor for 20e. a cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (cyp), encoded by a halloween gene shade (shd, cyp314a1), catalyzes the conversion of e into 20e in representative insect species in diptera, lepidoptera and orthoptera. we describe here the cloning and characterization of lsshd in a hemipteran insect species, the small brown planthopper lao ...201324055487
comparative transcriptome analysis of two rice varieties in response to rice stripe virus and small brown planthoppers during early interaction.rice stripe, a virus disease, transmitted by a small brown planthopper (sbph), has greatly reduced production of japonica rice in east asia, especially in china. although we have made great progress in mapping resistance genes, little is known about the mechanism of resistance. by de novo transcriptome assembling, we gained sufficient transcript data to analyze changes in gene expression of early interaction in response to sbph and rsv infection in rice. respectively 648 and 937 degs were detect ...201324358146
investigation on subcellular localization of rice stripe virus in its vector small brown planthopper by electron microscopy.rice stripe virus (rsv), which is transmitted by small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus fallén, sbph), has been reported to be epidemic and cause severe rice stripe disease in rice fields in many east asian countries, including china. investigation on viral localization in the vector is very important for elucidating transmission mechanisms of rsv by sbph. in this study, transmission electron microscopy and immuno-gold labeling technique were used to investigate the subcellular localiza ...201324139455
detection of quantitative trait loci (qtls) for resistances to small brown planthopper and rice stripe virus in rice using recombinant inbred lines.small brown planthopper (sbph) and rice stripe virus (rsv) disease transmitted by sbph cause serious damage to rice (oryza sativa l.) in china. in the present study, we screened 312 rice accessions for resistance to sbph. the indica variety, n22, is highly resistant to sbph. one hundred and eighty two recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from a cross of n22 and the highly susceptible variety, ussr5, were used for quantitative trait locus (qtl) analysis of resistances to sbph and rsv. in a mod ...201323591851
an insect cell line derived from the small brown planthopper supports replication of rice stripe virus, a tenuivirus.a cell line from the small brown planthopper (sbph; laodelphax striatellus) was established to study replication of rice stripe virus (rsv), a tenuivirus. the sbph cell line, which had been subcultured through 30 passages, formed monolayers of epithelial-like cells. inoculation of cultured vector cells with rsv resulted in a persistent infection. during viral infection in the sbph cell line, the viral non-structural protein ns3 co-localized with the filamentous ribonucleoprotein particles of rsv ...201323468422
synthesis and biological evaluation of nitromethylene neonicotinoids based on the enhanced conjugation.the neonicotinoids with a nitroconjugated system had excellent bioactivity, which could rival imidacloprid, and has been previously reported. however, the photodegradation and hydrolysis of this series of neonicotinoids was very quick according to our further investigation, which cannot be developed as a pesticide further. the approach to further enhance the conjugation was tried not only to increase the bioactivities but also to improve the stability in water and in the sun. a substituted pheny ...201324180522
fine mapping and characterization of bph27, a brown planthopper resistance gene from wild rice (oryza rufipogon griff.).the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål; bph) is one of the most serious rice pests worldwide. growing resistant varieties is the most effective way to manage this insect, and wild rice species are a valuable source of resistance genes for developing resistant cultivars. bph27 derived from an accession of guangxi wild rice, oryza rufipogon griff. (accession no. 2183, hereafter named gx2183), was primarily mapped to a 17-cm region on the long arm of the chromosome four. in this study, fine ...201323001338
osmpk3 positively regulates the ja signaling pathway and plant resistance to a chewing herbivore in rice.key message : silencing osmpk3 decreased elicited ja levels, which subsequently reduced levels of herbivore-induced trypsin protease inhibitors (tryppis) and improved the performance of ssb larvae, but did not influence bph. mitogen-activated protein kinases (mpks) are known to play an important role in plant defense by transferring biotic and abiotic signals into programmed cellular responses. however, their functions in the herbivore-induced defense response in rice remain largely unknown. her ...201323344857
molecular characterization of the flightin gene in the wing-dimorphic planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, and its evolution in pancrustacea.flightin was initially identified in drosophila melanogaster. previous work has shown that drosophila flightin plays a key role in indirect flight muscle (ifm) function and has limited expression in the ifm. in this study, we demonstrated that flightin is conserved across the pancrustacea species, including winged insects, non-winged insects, non-insect hexapods and several crustaceans. the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae), a long-distance migration ins ...201323459170
molecular cloning and mrna expression of a ryanodine receptor gene in the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera.ryanodine receptors (ryrs) are the targets of novel diamide insecticides. the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera, is one of the most important cotton pests in the world. in this study, we report the full-length ryr cdna sequence (named as haryr) of h. armigera. the 16,083-bp contiguous sequence encoded 5, 142 amino acid residues, which shares 80% and 78% overall identities with its homologues in nilaparvata lugens (nlryr) and drosophila melanogaster (dmryr), respectively. all hallmarks of ryr ...201324267694
genome-wide screening for components of small interfering rna (sirna) and micro-rna (mirna) pathways in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae).the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens, is a major rice pest in asia, and accumulated evidence indicates that this species is susceptible to rna interference (rnai); however, the mechanism underlying rnai and parental rnai has not yet been determined. we comprehensively investigated the repertoire of core genes involved in small interfering rna (sirna) and micro-rna (mirna) pathways in the bph by comparing its newly assembled transcriptome and genome with those of drosophila melanogaste ...201323937246
cloning and characterization of two genes coding for the histone acetyltransferases, elp3 and mof, in brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål).histone acetylation is a vital mechanism for the post-translational modifications of chromatin components. histone acetyltransferases (hats) are critical elements that determine histone acetylation and regulate chromatin dynamics and gene expression. while histone acetyltransferases have been well studied in mammals and drosophila melanogaster, information from agriculturally important insect pests is still limited. in our effort to understand the epigenetic mechanisms regulating development in ...201323142031
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta1 subunit from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens: a-to-i rna editing and its possible roles in neonicotinoid sensitivity.nicotinic acetylcholine (ach) receptors (nachrs) are ligand-gated ion channels which mediate fast cholinergic synaptic transmission in insect and vertebrate nervous systems. the nachr agonist-binding site is formed by loops a-c present in alpha subunits together with loops d-f present in either non-alpha subunits or homomer-forming alpha subunits. a new non-alpha subunit was cloned from nilaparvata lugens, a major rice pest in many parts of asia, showing very high amino acid identity to other in ...201319254762
selection of nectar plants for use in ecological engineering to promote biological control of rice pests by the predatory bug, cyrtorhinus lividipennis, (heteroptera: miridae).ecological engineering for pest management involves the identification of optimal forms of botanical diversity to incorporate into a farming system to suppress pests, by promoting their natural enemies. whilst this approach has been extensively researched in many temperate crop systems, much less has been done for rice. this paper reports the influence of various plant species on the performance of a key natural enemy of rice planthopper pests, the predatory mirid bug, cyrtorhinus lividipennis. ...201425254377
contrasting effects of ethylene biosynthesis on induced plant resistance against a chewing and a piercing-sucking herbivore in rice.ethylene is a stress hormone with contrasting effects on herbivore resistance. however, it remains unknown whether these differences are plant- or herbivore-specific. we cloned a rice 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) synthase gene, osacs2, whose transcripts were rapidly up-regulated in response to mechanical wounding and infestation by two important pests: the striped stem borer (ssb) chilo suppressalis and the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens. antisense expression of osacs2 ...201425064847
the 9-lipoxygenase osr9-lox1 interacts with the 13-lipoxygenase-mediated pathway to regulate resistance to chewing and piercing-sucking herbivores in rice.oxylipins produced by the 13-lipoxygenase (lox) have been reported to play an important role in plant defense responses to herbivores. yet, the role of oxylipins produced by the 9-lox pathway in this process remains largely unknown. here we cloned a gene encoding a chloroplast-localized 9-lox, osr9-lox1, from rice. transcriptional analysis revealed that herbivore infestation, mechanical wounding and jasmonic acid (ja) treatment either repressed or did not enhance the level of osr9-lox1 transcrip ...201424410960
osmpk3 is a tey-type rice mapk in group c and phosphorylates osbhlh65, a transcription factor binding to the e-box element.osmpk3 is a tey-type rice mapk belonging to group c and directly phosphorylates osbhlh65 in the nucleus. osmpk3 and osbhlh65 are induced by biotic stress and defense-related hormones. mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks) are involved in the majority of signaling pathways that regulate plant development and stress tolerance via the phosphorylation of target molecules. plant mapks are classified into two subtypes, tey and tdy, according to the txy (x = e or d) motif in their activation loop, ...201424777821
seven-membered azabridged neonicotinoids: synthesis, crystal structure, insecticidal assay, and molecular docking studies.to study the influence of the ring sizes, 37 novel seven-membered azabridged neonicotinoid analogues were synthesized by reactions of nitromethylene analogues, succinaldehyde, and aniline hydrochlorides. most of the title compounds presented higher insecticidal activities than that of imidacloprid (imi), cycloxaprid (cyc), and eight-membered compounds against cowpea aphid (aphis craccivora), armyworm (pseudaletia separata walker), and brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens), which indicated that ...201425347284
design, synthesis, crystal structures, and insecticidal activities of eight-membered azabridge neonicotinoid analogues.three series of novel azabridge neonicotinoid analogues were designed and synthesized, which were constructed by starting material a, glutaraldehyde, and primary amine hydrochlorides (aliphatic amines, phenylhydrazines, and anilines). most of the eight-membered azabridge compounds presented higher insecticidal activities than oxabridged compound b against cowpea aphid (aphis craccivora) and brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens). compared with imidacloprid, some azabridged compounds exhibited ex ...201424364696
phloem-specific expression of the lectin gene from allium sativum confers resistance to the sap-sucker nilaparvata lugens.rice production is severely hampered by insect pests. garlic lectin gene (asal) holds great promise in conferring protection against chewing (lepidopteran) and sap-sucking (homopteran) insect pests. we have developed transgenic rice lines resistant to sap-sucking brown hopper (nilaparvata lugens) by ectopic expression of asal in their phloem tissues. molecular analyses of t0 lines confirmed stable integration of transgene. t1 lines (np 1-2, 4-3, 11-6 & 17-7) showed active transcription and trans ...201424563293
constructing the major biosynthesis pathways for amino acids in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae), based on the transcriptome data.nilaparvata lugens is a serious phloem-feeding pest of rice throughout asia. rice phloem sap can meet its nutrition requirement for sugars but not for some essential amino acids such as isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, lysine, arginine and histidine. n. lugens harbours yeast-like symbionts in mycetocytes formed by abdominal fat body cells. removal of the symbionts results in negative physiological effects, suggesting that the symbionts play a pivotal role in the nitrog ...201424330026
characterization of the distal-less gene homologue, nldll, in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål).the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål), is a globally devastating insect pest of rice, particularly in eastern asia. distal-less or dll is a highly conserved and well studied transcription factor required for limb formation in invertebrates and vertebrates. we have identified a homologue of this gene, nldll, and demonstrated that it is expressed in all life stages of n. lugens, particularly in adult brachypterous females. when we compared between specific adult tissues it was expressed ...201424321689
southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus alters insect vectors' host orientation preferences to enhance spread and increase rice ragged stunt virus co-infection.in recent years, southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (srbsdv), a tentative species in the genus fijivirus (family reoviridae), has spread rapidly and caused serious rice losses in eastern and southeastern asia. with this virus spread, rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv, genus oryzavirus, family reoviridae) became more common in southern china, usually in co-infection with the former. srbsdv and rrsv are transmitted by two different species of planthoppers, white-backed planthopper (wbph, sogatel ...201424047253
influence of rice black streaked dwarf virus on the ecological fitness of non-vector planthopper nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae).rice black streak dwarf virus (rbsdv) is transmitted by the small brown planthopper (sbph), laodelphax striatellus (fallen). non-vector rice brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), shares the same host rice plants with sbph in paddy fields. the changes in nutritional composition of rice plants infected by rbsdv and the ecological fitness of bph feeding on the infected plants were studied under both artificial climate chamber and field conditions. contents of 16 detected amino acids a ...201423956237
infection of rice plants by rice black streaked dwarf virus improves an egg parasitoid, anagrus nilaparvatae (hymenoptera: mymaridae), of rice planthoppers.the effects of rice plants infected by rice black streaked dwarf virus (rbsdv) on the host preference, duration of immature stages, sex ratio, and adult longevity and parasitic capacity of an egg parasitoid, anagrus nilaparvatae pang et wang, of rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål, were evaluated. tests of response to plant volatiles using an olfactometer showed that a. nilaparvatae preferred rice plants harboring rice brown planthopper eggs over plants free of rice brown planthopper ...201425199055
virus-mediated chemical changes in rice plants impact the relationship between non-vector planthopper nilaparvata lugens stål and its egg parasitoid anagrus nilaparvatae pang et wang.in order to clarify the impacts of southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (srbsdv) infection on rice plants, rice planthoppers and natural enemies, differences in nutrients and volatile secondary metabolites between infected and healthy rice plants were examined. furthermore, the impacts of virus-mediated changes in plants on the population growth of non-vector brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens, and the selectivity and parasitic capability of planthopper egg parasitoid anagrus nilapa ...201425141278
a novel, in vivo, indoor method to preserve rice black-streaked dwarf virus in small brown planthopper using wheat seedling as a bridge host.rice black-streaked dwarf virus (rbsdv) naturally infects gramineae plants through small brown planthopper (sbph) as a vector. however, rbsdv cannot be transmitted to the sbph offspring through transovarian transmission. wheat plant, an important intermediate host in winter, is essential for the completion of the annual cycle of rbsdv in farm ecosystem. we developed a novel, in vivo, indoor method to preserve rbsdv in sbph using wheat seedling as a bridge host. the temperature range of 23-27°c w ...201425075933
synergism between southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus and rice ragged stunt virus enhances their insect vector acquisition.southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (srbsdv), a tentative species in the genus fijivirus, family reoviridae, is a novel rice virus transmitted by the white-backed planthopper (sogatella furcifera). since its discovery in 2001, srbsdv has spread rapidly throughout eastern and southeastern asia and caused large rice losses in china and vietnam. rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) (genus oryzavirus, family reoviridae) is a common rice virus vectored by the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens). rr ...201424915431
infection route of rice grassy stunt virus, a tenuivirus, in the body of its brown planthopper vector, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae) after ingestion of virus.rice grassy stunt virus (rgsv), a tenuivirus, is transmitted by the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera, delphacidae), in a persistent-propagative manner. in this study, immunofluorescence microscopy was used to investigate the infection route of rgsv in the internal organs of bph after acquiring the virus by feeding on rgsv-infected rice plants. the sequential infection study revealed that rgsv initially infected the midgut epithelium, then crossed the basal lamina into the m ...201424768845
development of continuous cell culture of brown planthopper to trace the early infection process of oryzaviruses in insect vector cells.rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv), an oryzavirus in the family reoviridae, is transmitted by the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, in a persistent-propagative manner. here, we established a continuous cell line of brown planthopper to investigate the mechanism underlying the formation of the viroplasm, the putative site for viral replication and assembly, during infection of rrsv in its insect vector cells. within 24 h of viral infection of cultured cells, the viroplasm had formed and containe ...201424478421
[stress effects of imidacloprid on rsv in rice plants].the rice stripe disease is a viral disease transmitted by small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus, which outbroke a few years ago in the yangtze river basin, especially jiangsu region, china. to study the effects of imidacloprid stress on rice stripe virus (rsv) in rice plants, the rice seedlings were treated with imidacloprid 1, 2, 3 and 4 times (b1, b2, b3 and b4), respectively, after artificial inoculation by l. striatellus for 48 h, and the expression levels of relative genes includi ...201425876413
transovarial transmission of a plant virus is mediated by vitellogenin of its insect vector.most plant viruses are transmitted by hemipteroid insects. some viruses can be transmitted from female parent to offspring usually through eggs, but the mechanism of this transovarial transmission remains unclear. rice stripe virus (rsv), a tenuivirus, transmitted mainly by the small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus), is also spread to the offspring through the eggs. here, we used the rsv-planthopper system as a model to investigate the mechanism of transovarial transmission and demonst ...201424603905
nonstructural protein ns4 of rice stripe virus plays a critical role in viral spread in the body of vector insects.rice stripe virus (rsv), a tenuivirus, is transmitted by small brown planthopper (sbph) in a persistent-propagative manner. in this study, sequential infection of rsv in the internal organs of sbph after ingestion of virus indicated that rsv initially infected the midgut epithelium, and then progressed to the visceral muscle tissues, through which rsv spread to the entire alimentary canal. finally, rsv spread into the salivary glands and reproductive system. during viral infection, the nonstruct ...201424523924
selection of beauveria isolates pathogenic to adults of nilaparvata lugens.the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae), is a destructive invasive pest and has become one of the most economically-important rice pests in china. effective control measures are desperately needed. entomopathogenic fungi, such as beauveria bassiana (balsamo-crivelli) vuillemin (hypocreales: clavicipitaceae) and b. brongniartii (saccardo), have shown great potential for the management of some sucking pest species. in this study, to explore alternative strategies fo ...201425373179
unusual characteristics of dicistrovirus-derived small rnas in the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus.in this study, sequences of small rna (srna) libraries derived from the insect vector laodelphax striatellus were assembled into contigs and used as queries for database searches. a large number of contigs were highly homologous to the genome sequence of an insect dicistrovirus, himetobi p virus (hipv). interestingly, hipv-derived srnas had a wide size distribution, and were relatively abundant throughout the 18-30 nt size range with only a slight peak at 22 nt. hipv srnas had a strong bias towa ...201424323637
identification of himetobi p virus in the small brown planthopper by deep sequencing and assembly of virus-derived small interfering rnas.profiling and assembly of virus-derived small interfering rnas (sirnas) using next-generation sequencing technologies have been very useful for identification and diagnosis of a number of plant and invertebrate viruses. in this work, we have conducted high-throughput pyrosequencing and bioinformatic analysis of the small brown planthopper (sbph, laodelphax striatellus), and these analyses unexpectedly showed that the himetobi p virus (hipv) was present in our laboratory cultures. hipv was also f ...201424239755
single and fused transgenic bacillus thuringiensis rice alter the species-specific responses of non-target planthoppers to elevated carbon dioxide and temperature.the approval of transgenic bacillus thuringiensis (bt) rice by china was momentous for biotech crops, although it has yet to be approved for commercial production. non-target pest problems in rice paddies, such as the three ecologically similar species of planthoppers nilaparvata lugens, laodelphax striatellus and sogatella furcifera, could become increasingly serious under global climate change. fused (cry1ab/cry1ac) and single (cry1ab) transgenic bt rice were evaluated for effects on species-s ...201424136625
genomes of the rice pest brown planthopper and its endosymbionts reveal complex complementary contributions for host adaptation.the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, the most destructive pest of rice, is a typical monophagous herbivore that feeds exclusively on rice sap, which migrates over long distances. outbreaks of it have re-occurred approximately every three years in asia. it has also been used as a model system for ecological studies and for developing effective pest management. to better understand how a monophagous sap-sucking arthropod herbivore has adapted to its exclusive host selection and to provide in ...201425609551
genomic insights into the serine protease gene family and expression profile analysis in the planthopper, nilaparvata lugens.the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) is one of the most destructive rice plant pests in asia. n. lugens causes extensive damage to rice by sucking rice phloem sap, which results in hopper burn (complete death of the rice plants). despite its importance, little is known about the digestion, development and defense mechanisms of this hemimetabolous insect pest. in this study, we aim to identify the serine protease (sp) and serine protease homolog (sph) genes, which form a large family in euk ...201424952583
transcriptome analysis of fat bodies from two brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) populations with different virulence levels in rice.the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), one of the most serious rice insect pests in asia, can quickly overcome rice resistance by evolving new virulent populations. the insect fat body plays essential roles in the life cycles of insects and in plant-insect interactions. however, whether differences in fat body transcriptomes exist between insect populations with different virulence levels and whether the transcriptomic differences are related to insect virulence remain largely u ...201424533099
diapause induction and termination in the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae).the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén) enters the photoperiodic induction of diapause as 3rd or 4th instar nymphs. the photoperiodic response curves in this planthopper showed a typical long-day response type with a critical daylength of approximately 11 h at 25 °c, 12 h at 22 and 20 °c and 12.5 h at 18 °c, and diapause induction was almost abrogated at 28 °c. the third stage was the most sensitive stage to photoperiod. the photoperiodic response curve at 20 °c showed a gra ...201425188306
the genome of the nucleopolyhedrosis-causing virus from tipula oleracea sheds new light on the nudiviridae family.a large double-stranded dna (dsdna) virus that produces occlusion bodies, typical of baculoviruses, has been described to infect crane fly larvae of the genus tipula (diptera, tipulidae). because of a lack of genomic data, this virus has remained unclassified. electron microscopy of an archival virus isolated from tipula oleracea, t. oleracea nudivirus (tonv), showed irregularly shaped occlusion bodies measuring from 2 to 5 μm in length and 2 μm in middiameter, filled with rod-shape virions cont ...201425540386
brown planthopper nudivirus dna integrated in its host genome.the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera:delphacidae), is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice crops in asia. nudivirus-like sequences were identified during the whole-genome sequencing of bph. pcr examination showed that the virus sequences were present in all of the 22 bph populations collected from east, southeast, and south asia. thirty-two of the 33 nudivirus core genes were identified, including 20 homologues of baculovirus core genes. in addition, several gen ...201424574410
the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of sogatella furcifera (horváth) and a comparative mitogenomic analysis of three predominant rice planthoppers.the white-backed planthopper (wbph), sogatella furcifera (horváth), is one of the most destructive pests of rice crops in many asian countries. using long-pcr and shotgun library methods, we sequenced the entire mitochondrial genomes (mt-genomes) of two wbph individuals. total lengths of the mt-genome of the two wbph individuals were 16,612 bp and 16,654 bp with an identical at content of 76.19%. among the 13 protein coding genes (pcgs), only nad5 used an atypical initiation codon gtg. most of t ...201424120898
biochemical and molecular characterisation and cross-resistance in field and laboratory chlorpyrifos-resistant strains of laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae) from eastern china.laboratory selection is often employed in resistance mechanism studies because field-derived populations commonly do not have high enough resistance for such studies. in the present study, a field-collected laodelphax striatellus population from eastern china was laboratory selected for chlorpyrifos resistance and susceptibility, and the developed strains, along with a field population, were studied for cross-resistance and resistance mechanisms at biochemical and molecular levels.201424115461
small brown planthopper resistance loci in wild rice (oryza officinalis).host-plant resistance is the most practical and economical approach to control the rice planthoppers. however, up to date, few rice germplasm accessions that are resistant to the all three kinds of planthoppers (1) brown planthopper (bph; nilaparvata lugens stål), (2) the small brown planthopper (sbph; laodelphax striatellus fallen), and (3) the whitebacked planthopper (wbph, sogatella furcifera horvath) have been identified; consequently, the genetic basis for host-plant broad spectrum resistan ...201424504629
susceptibility of sogatella furcifera and laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae) to six insecticides in china.the whitebacked planthopper, sogatella furcifera (horváth), and small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén), both are important crop pests throughout china, especially in rice. application of chemical insecticides is the major control practice. consequently, insecticide resistance has become an urgent issue. in this study, resistance levels to six conventional insecticides were evaluated for these two species collected from major occurring areas of china. additionally, imidacloprid- ...201426309282
effects of two pesticides, tzp and jgm, on reproduction of three planthopper species, nilaparvata lugens stål, sogatella furcifera horvath, and laodelphax striatella fallén.three planthopper species, the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens stål, the white-backed planthopper (wbph), sogatella furcifera horvath, and the small brown planthopper (sbph), laodelphax striatella fallén, often co-occur in rice grown regions of china. the present investigation examined effects of two pesticides, triazophos (tzp) and jinggangmycin (jgm) (a fungicide), on reproduction of bph, wbph, and sbph. the results showed that tzp stimulated the fecundity of the three planthopper ...201425307466
identification and characterization of micrornas in small brown planthopper (laodephax striatellus) by next-generation sequencing.micrornas (mirnas) are endogenous non-coding small rnas that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and are thought to play critical roles in many metabolic activities in eukaryotes. the small brown planthopper (laodephax striatellus fallén), one of the most destructive agricultural pests, causes great damage to crops including rice, wheat, and maize. however, information about the genome of l. striatellus is limited. in this study, a small rna library was constructed from a ...201425057821
bio-effects of near-zero magnetic fields on the growth, development and reproduction of small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus and brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens.magnetic fields markedly affect the growth and development of many species of organisms potentially due to cryptochrome and endogenous presence of magnetic materials. sensitivity to magnetic fields can also be involved in geomagnetic orientation by some long-distance migratory insects. in this study, near-zero magnetic fields (nzmf) in relation to normal geomagnetic fields (gmf) were setup using the hypomagnetic field space system (hmfs) to investigate the effects of magnetic fields on the growt ...201424995837
immunodetection of a brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål) salivary catalase-like protein into tissues of rice, oryza sativa.saliva plays an important role in host plant-phloem-feeding insect molecular interactions. to better elucidate the role of insect saliva, a series of experiments were conducted to establish if catalase from the salivary glands of the brown planthopper (bph; nilaparvata lugens stål) was secreted into rice host plant tissue during feeding. catalase is the main enzyme that decomposes hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) at high concentrations. h2o2 is a part of the free radicals system that mediates important ...201424164290
bac and rna sequencing reveal the brown planthopper resistance gene bph15 in a recombination cold spot that mediates a unique defense mechanism.brown planthopper (bph, nilaparvata lugens stål), is the most destructive phloem-feeding insect pest of rice (oryza sativa). the bph-resistance gene bph15 has been proved to be effective in controlling the pest and widely applied in rice breeding programs. nevertheless, molecular mechanism of the resistance remain unclear. in this study, we narrowed down the position of bph15 on chromosome 4 and investigated the transcriptome of bph15 rice after bph attacked.201425109872
map-based cloning and characterization of a brown planthopper resistance gene bph26 from oryza sativa l. ssp. indica cultivar adr52.the brown planthopper (bph) is the most serious insect pest of rice in asia. the indica rice cultivar adr52 carries two bph resistance genes, bph26 (brown planthopper resistance 26) and bph25. map-based cloning of bph26 revealed that bph26 encodes a coiled-coil-nucleotide-binding-site-leucine-rich repeat (cc-nbs-lrr) protein. bph26 mediated sucking inhibition in the phloem sieve element. bph26 was identical to bph2 on the basis of dna sequence analysis and feeding ability of the bph2-virulent bi ...201425076167
genome-wide mapping of virulence in brown planthopper identifies loci that break down host plant resistance.insects and plants have coexisted for over 350 million years and their interactions have affected ecosystems and agricultural practices worldwide. variation in herbivorous insects' virulence to circumvent host resistance has been extensively documented. however, despite decades of investigation, the genetic foundations of virulence are currently unknown. the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) is the most destructive rice (oryza sativa) pest in the world. the identification of the resistance ...201424911169
bt rice expressing cry2aa does not harm cyrtorhinus lividipennis, a main predator of the nontarget herbivore nilapavarta lugens.t2a-1 is a newly developed transgenic rice that expresses a synthesized cry2aa gene driven by the maize ubiquitin promoter. t2a-1 exhibits high resistance against lepidopteran pests of rice. the brown planthopper, nilapavarta lugens (stål), is a main nontarget sap-sucking insect pest of rice, and cyrtorhinus lividipennis (reuter) is the major predator of the eggs and young nymphs of planthoppers. as c. lividipennis may expose to the cry2aa protein via n. lugens, it is therefore essential to asse ...201425375147
an alternative suite of universal primers for genotyping in multiplex pcr.the universal primer three-primer approach can dramatically reduce the cost when genotyping the microsatellites. one former research reported four universal primers that can be used in singleplex and multiplex genotyping. in this study, we proposed an alternative suite of universal primers with four dyes for genotyping 8-12 loci in one single run. this multiplex method was tested on tetranychus truncatus. published microsatellite loci of t. kanzawai, frankliniella occidentalis and nilaparvata lu ...201424658225
complete genome sequences of two iflaviruses from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens.the complete genome sequences of two new iflaviruses (genus iflavirus, family iflaviridae) were determined. these viral sequences were first identified in rna-seq contig sequences of nilaparvata lugens in two distinct colonies: izumo and kagoshima. the accuracy of the contig sequences of the two viruses was verified by restriction enzyme digestion of rt-pcr products from viruliferous insects. rt-pcr of rna extracted from honeydews after viruliferous insect feeding detected the expected viral pro ...201424065216
selection and evaluation of potential reference genes for gene expression analysis in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae) using reverse-transcription quantitative pcr.the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera, delphacidae), is one of the most important rice pests. abundant genetic studies on bph have been conducted using reverse-transcription quantitative real-time pcr (qrt-pcr). using qrt-pcr, the expression levels of target genes are calculated on the basis of endogenous controls. these genes need to be appropriately selected by experimentally assessing whether they are stably expressed under different conditions. however, such studies on p ...201424466124
de novo analysis of the nilaparvata lugens (stål) antenna transcriptome and expression patterns of olfactory genes.we sequenced the antenna transcriptome of the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), a global rice pest, and performed transcriptome analysis on bph antenna. we obtained about 40million 90bp reads that were assembled into 75,874 unigenes with a mean size of 456bp. among the antenna transcripts, 32,856 (43%) showed significant similarity (e-value <1e(-5)) to known proteins in the ncbi database. gene ontology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (kegg) analyses were used to cla ...201424440828
Refresh
firstprev
12345678
nextlast
Displaying items 301 - 400 of 702