Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| humoral immune response of dogs immunized with salivary gland, midgut, or repeated infestations with rhipicephalus sanguineus. | the antibody (ab) responses of dogs immunized with adult tick salivary gland (tsg), midgut (tmg), or repeated infestations of rhipicephalus sanguineus were monitored to determine if there is an association between ab production and r. sanguineus performance. tick-naïve dogs were immunized with tsg or tmg and subjected to two challenge infestations. the control group was infested five times at 21-day intervals. the elisa technique was used to measure ab levels in sera from these dogs, which expre ... | 2000 | 11193634 |
| biocontrol of ticks by entomopathogenic nematodes. research update. | entomopathogenic nematodes (epns) are lethal to ticks even though they do not use their normal propagation cycle within tick cadavers. the tick boophilus annulatus was found to be far more susceptible to epns than hyalomma excavatum, rhipicephalus bursa, or rhipicephalus sanguineus. ticks seem to be less susceptible to nematodes when feeding on a host. preimaginal tick stages were less susceptible to nematodes than adult ticks. the mortality rate of unfed females was highest, followed by unfed m ... | 2000 | 11193678 |
| cross reactivity between instars of the rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille, 1806) tick. | 2000 | 11193682 | |
| american canine hepatozoonosis. an emerging disease in the new world. | hepatozoon canis was first described from dogs in 1905 in india and rhipicephalus sanguineus was identified as the vector. dogs on the texas gulf coast were recognized in 1978 to have hepatozoonosis, and it was thought that h. canis had entered the new world. later, it was realized that american canine hepatozoonosis (ach) is more debilitating than its old world counterpart, often resulting in death. when the malady and parasite were characterized, a new species, h. americanum, was described, in ... | 2000 | 11193705 |
| the effect of male ticks on the feeding performance of immature stages of rhipicephalus sanguineus and amblyomma americanum (acari: ixodidae). | a unique group of immunoglobulin-binding proteins (igbps), produced by ixodid male ticks during the latter half of their prolonged feeding period, improves the feeding performance of co-feeding females. as a follow-up to this observation, we investigated whether male tick feeding also affects the feeding of other developmental stages. immature stages of rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreeille) and amblyomma americanum (l.) were fed on rabbits in the presence or absence of conspecific males. the mea ... | 2000 | 11201360 |
| ectoparasites of dogs belonging to people in resource-poor communities in north west province, south africa. | a total of 344 dogs belonging to people in resource-poor communities in north west province, south africa, was examined for ectoparasites, and all visible arthropods were collected from the left side of each dog. by doubling these numbers it was estimated that the dogs harboured 14,724 ixodid ticks, belonging to 6 species, 1,028 fleas, belonging to 2 species, and 26 lice. haemaphysalis leachi accounted for 420 and rhipicephalus sanguineus for 14,226 of the ticks. pure infestations of h. leachi w ... | 2000 | 11205167 |
| babesiosis. | babesiosis is an emerging, tick-transmitted, zoonotic disease caused by hematotropic parasites of the genus babesia. babesial parasites (and those of the closely related genus theileria) are some of the most ubiquitous and widespread blood parasites in the world, second only to the trypanosomes, and consequently have considerable worldwide economic, medical, and veterinary impact. the parasites are intraerythrocytic and are commonly called piroplasms due to the pear-shaped forms found within inf ... | 2000 | 10885987 |
| a review of the ticks (acari, ixodida) of brazil, their hosts and geographic distribution - 1. the state of rio grande do sul, southern brazil. | a review of the ticks (acari, ixodida) of the state of rio grande do sul, southern brazil, was completed as a step towards a definitive list (currently indicated as 12) of such species, their hosts and distribution. the ticks: argas miniatus (poultry), ixodes loricatus (opossums), amblyomma aureolatum (dogs), a. calcaratum (anteaters), a. cooperi (capybaras), a. nodosum (anteaters), a. tigrinum (dogs) (neotropical) and rhipicephalus sanguineus (dogs) (introduced, cosmopolitan, afrotropical) were ... | 2000 | 10904399 |
| performance of female rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) fed on dogs exposed to multiple infestations or immunization with tick salivary gland or midgut tissues. | this investigation compared the effects of repeated infestations to immunization of dogs with tick salivary gland or midgut extracts on the feeding and fecundity performances of female rhipicephalus sanguineus (latrielle). in each immunized group, three tick-naive dogs were immunized three times with tick salivary gland or midgut extracts, and twice challenged at 21-d intervals by allowing 80 female and 40 male adult ticks to feed on each host. the repeated infestation group of three naive dogs ... | 2000 | 10916303 |
| efficacy of selamectin against experimentally induced tick (rhipicephalus sanguineus and dermacentor variabilis) infestations on dogs. | seven controlled studies were conducted to investigate the efficacy of selamectin against weekly infestations of dogs with rhipicephalus sanguineus and dermacentor variabilis. treatments (selamectin or vehicle alone) were applied topically at weekly, 2-week, or monthly intervals or in a "monthly plus" regimen (monthly treatment with an additional treatment at 14 days after the first treatment). selamectin was supplied in unit dose tubes designed to deliver a minimum dosage of 6mgkg(-1). the stud ... | 2000 | 10940535 |
| mortality rate of adult ticks due to infection by entomopathogenic nematodes. | the mortality of boophilus annulatus, hyalomma excavatum, rhipicephalus bursa, and rhipicephalus sanguineus adult ticks was recorded after their exposure in petri dishes to 5 entomopathogenic nematode strains. the strains used were dt and mexican of steinernema carpocapsae, hb hp88 of heterorhabditis bacteriophora, and is-3 and is-5 of heterorhabditis sp. the most rapid killing rates (lt50 and lt90) were observed for b. annulatus ticks (0.8-5.0 days). most unfed males died 0.3-2.8 days after the ... | 2000 | 10958439 |
| the ixodid tick species attaching to domestic dogs and cats in great britain and ireland. | the species of ixodid ticks, attached to dogs and cats presented to veterinary practices in great britain and ireland were identified. most host animals carried only one tick species with ixodes ricinus linné (acari: ixodidae) being the most common, identified on 52% of animals, ixodes hexagonus leach (acari: ixodidae) the second most common (on 39%) and ixodes canisuga johnston (acari: ixodidae) the third most common (on 11%). a significantly higher proportion of dogs than cats carried i. ricin ... | 2000 | 11016442 |
| detection of ehrlichia platys dna in brown dog ticks (rhipicephalus sanguineus) in okinawa island, japan. | thirty-two rhipicephalus sanguineus females collected from eight free-roaming dogs in okinawa island, japan, were examined for ehrlichial dna by 16s rrna-based pcr and subsequent sequencing. partial sequences of ehrlichia platys 16s rrna (678 to 679 bp) were detected in three ticks (9.4%) from two dogs. this is the first report of detection of e. platys in japan, and also the first report of detection in ticks. | 2000 | 11060094 |
| helminthic transmission and isolation of ehrlichia risticii, the causative agent of potomac horse fever, by using trematode stages from freshwater stream snails. | we report successful helminthic transmission of ehrlichia risticii, the causative agent of potomac horse fever, using trematode stages collected from juga yrekaensis snails. the ehrlichial agent was isolated from the blood of experimentally infected horses by culture in murine monocytic cells and identified as e. risticii ultrastructurally and by characterization of three different genes. | 2000 | 10699046 |
| genetic and antigenic evidence supports the separation of hepatozoon canis and hepatozoon americanum at the species level. | recognition of hepatozoon canis and hepatozoon americanum as distinct species was supported by the results of western immunoblotting of canine anti-h. canis and anti-h. americanum sera against h. canis gamonts. sequence analysis of 368 bases near the 3' end of the 18s rrna gene from each species revealed a pairwise difference of 13.59%. | 2000 | 10699047 |
| short report: isolation and identification of two spotted fever group rickettsial strains from patients in catalonia, spain. | two rickettsial strains, 16b (previously isolated) and fb1, were isolated from blood from patients with mediterranean spotted fever in catalonia, spain. these are the only 2 human rickettsial isolates of the spotted fever group obtained so far in spain. these strains were identified by the polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis of a fragment of the outer membrane protein a (ompa) gene. the partial ompa sequence was found to be 100% identical with that of rickettsia conorii (malish 7 str ... | 2000 | 10761740 |
| the complete mitochondrial dna sequence of the horseshoe crab limulus polyphemus. | we determined the complete 14,985-nt sequence of the mitochondrial dna of the horseshoe crab limulus polyphemus (arthropoda: xiphosura). this mtdna encodes the 13 protein, 2 rrna, and 22 trna genes typical for metazoans. the arrangement of these genes and about half of the sequence was reported previously; however, the sequence contained a large number of errors, which are corrected here. the two strands of limulus mtdna have significantly different nucleotide compositions. the strand encoding m ... | 2000 | 10779542 |
| effect of ivermectin on the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. | ivermectin (ivomec) proved to be effective in controlling r. sanguineus. all brown dog ticks infesting the treated dogs (subcutaneous injections) with 1.5 ml or 2 ml/50 kg dropped off within 4 or 3 days respectively. the dropped off ticks were completely inactive and died within one day or two. ticks exposed to filter papers impregnated with 100 micrograms/ml (66.67%) died within four days. a dose of 1.5-2 microliters/50 kg eradicated toxocara canis infection in four dogs, and caused shrinkage o ... | 2000 | 10786024 |
| is the detection of anti-rhipicephalus sanguineus (rs24p) antibodies a valuable epidemiological tool of tick infestation in dogs? | antibodies against the 24 kda rhipicephalus sanguineus (rs24p) protein were detected by elisa to evaluate the relationship between antibodies and tick infestation. the mean titer of 3 dogs that underwent 2 experimental infestations with adult ticks was transiently increased after the second infestation. there was a significant difference in mean titers between positive control dogs naturally infested with ticks and tick-naive dogs. these results suggested that anti-rs24p antibodies detected by e ... | 2000 | 10863953 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of the 120-kilodalton protein gene of ehrlichia canis and application of the recombinant 120-kilodalton protein for serodiagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis. | the 120-kda outer membrane protein (p120) is a potential adhesin of ehrlichia chaffeensis, and recombinant p120 is very useful for serodiagnosis of human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis. the analogous gene of p120 in ehrlichia canis was cloned, sequenced, and expressed. like the e. chaffeensis p120, the e. canis p120 contains tandem repeat units. however, neither the repeat number nor the amino acid sequences in the repeats are identical in the two ehrlichia species. the repeat units are hydrophilic ... | 2000 | 10618118 |
| analysis of the systematic relationships among ticks of the genera rhipicephalus and boophilus (acari: ixodidae) based on mitochondrial 12s ribosomal dna gene sequences and morphological characters. | a portion of mitochondrial 12s rdna sequences (337-355 base pairs) and 63 morphological characters of 36 hard-tick species belonging to 7 genera were analyzed to determine the phylogenetic relationships among groups and species of rhipicephalus and between the genera rhipicephalus and boophilus. molecular and morphological data sets were first examined separately. the molecular data were analyzed by maximum parsimony (mp), maximum likelihood, and neighbor-joining distance methods; the morphologi ... | 2001 | 11227901 |
| analysis of transcriptionally active gene clusters of major outer membrane protein multigene family in ehrlichia canis and e. chaffeensis. | ehrlichia canis and e. chaffeensis are tick-borne obligatory intramonocytic ehrlichiae that cause febrile systemic illness in humans and dogs, respectively. the current study analyzed the pleomorphic multigene family encoding approximately 30-kda major outer membrane proteins (omps) of e. canis and e. chaffeensis. upstream from seca and downstream of hypothetical transcriptional regulator, 22 paralogs of the omp gene family were found to be tandemly arranged except for one or two genes with oppo ... | 2001 | 11254561 |
| characterization of acaricide resistance in rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille) (acari: ixodidae) collected from the corozal army veterinary quarantine center, panama. | rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille) were collected from the corozal army veterinary quarantine center in panama and characterized for resistance to five classes of acaricides. these ticks were highly resistant to permethrin, ddt, and coumaphos; moderately resistant to amitraz; and not resistant to fipronil when compared with susceptible strains. resistance to both permethrin and ddt may result from a mutation of the sodium channel. however, synergist studies indicate that enzyme activity is inv ... | 2001 | 11296838 |
| effects of salivary gland extract from rhipicephalus sanguineus on immunoglobulin class productivity of canine peripheral blood lymphocytes. | effects of salivary gland extract (sge) from rhipicephalus sanguineus on immunoglobulin class productivity of canine peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) in vitro were studied. the detectable limit of the elisa for canine total immunoglobulin, igm and a was at least 1, 1 and 15 ng/ml, respectively, and it seems to be useful for the evaluation of non-specific immunoglobulin class productivity in vitro. sge from r. sanguineus suppressed pokeweed mitogen- or lipopolysaccharide-induced total immunoglo ... | 2001 | 11307936 |
| prevalence of vectors of the spotted fever group rickettsiae and murine typhus in a bedouin town in israel. | a survey of the vectors of spotted fever group rickettsiae and of murine typhus was carried out in rahat, a bedouin town in the negev desert, where the diseases are endemic. houses with known cases of spotted fever group rickettsiae or murine typhus were compared with those without reported clinical cases. a neighboring jewish community, lehavim, where no cases of spotted fever group rickettsiae and murine typhus were reported in recent years, was used as a control. in the houses of patients wit ... | 2001 | 11372975 |
| [toxic effects and in vitro inefficacy of deltamethrin on larvae of rhipicephalus sanguineus from goiânia, goiás, brazil]. | it has been observed that formulations of deltamethrin developed for disinsectization of infested places and control of parasitic arthropods of bovines and equines have frequently been used by breeders of dogs to control ticks in their animals and kennels, but without due consideration of the correct dosage or means of application. with the purpose of evaluating the efficacy of this product on rhipicephalus sanguineus, bioassays were realized with larvae at 27+/-1 degrees c, ur>80% and light per ... | 2001 | 11391437 |
| transmission of hepatozoon canis to dogs by naturally-fed or percutaneously-injected rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks. | hepatozoon canis is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite of dogs, prevalent in asia, africa, and southern europe. experimental transmission of h. canis to dogs was performed with laboratory-reared rhipicephalus sanguineus nymphs that fed on a naturally infected dog or were percutaneously injected with canine blood containing h. canis gamonts. dogs were inoculated by oral ingestion of adult ticks containing h. canis oocysts. transstadial transmission of h. canis was recorded, whereas transovarial t ... | 2001 | 11426725 |
| quantitative analyses of variations in the injury of endothelial cells elicited by 11 isolates of rickettsia rickettsii. | eleven isolates of spotted fever group rickettsiae from the blood of patients or ixodid ticks from north and south america were characterized. all isolates were identified as rickettsia rickettsii using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of a 532-bp rompa gene fragment obtained by pcr. the ability of the r. rickettsii isolates to elicit cytopathic effects and parameters of oxidative injury were examined in cultured human ea.hy 926 endothelial cells. cytopathic effects were determi ... | 2001 | 11427428 |
| recombinant major antigenic protein 2 of ehrlichia canis: a potential diagnostic tool. | the major antigenic protein 2 (map2) of ehrlichia canis was cloned and expressed. the recombinant protein was characterized and tested in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) format for potential application in the serodiagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. the recombinant protein, which contained a c-terminal polyhistidine tag, had a molecular mass of approximately 26 kda. the antigen was clearly identified by western immunoblotting using antihistidine antibody and immune serum fro ... | 2001 | 11427559 |
| ixodid ticks on white-tailed deer and feral swine in florida. | a state-wide survey was conducted in florida during the 1997-99 hunting seasons to examine white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) and feral swine (sus scrofa) for potential indigenous vectors of the rickettsial agent of heartwater, cowdria ruminantium. a total of 504 white-tailed deer and 166 feral swine was examined from 30 wildlife management areas across the state. amblyomma maculatum, an experimental vector of c. ruminantium, was common on both deer and feral swine throughout the state. ... | 2001 | 11469190 |
| molecular and antigenic comparison of ehrlichia canis isolates from dogs, ticks, and a human in venezuela. | we previously culture isolated a strain of ehrlichia canis, the causative agent of canine ehrlichiosis, from a human in venezuela. in the present study, we examined whether dogs and ticks are infected with e. canis in venezuela and, if so, whether this is the same strain as the human isolate. pcr analysis using e. canis-specific primers revealed that 17 of the 55 dog blood samples (31%) and all three pools of four rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks each were positive. an ehrlichial agent (venezuelan ... | 2001 | 11473993 |
| investigation of blood parasites in livestock infested with argasid and ixodid ticks in egypt. | nineteen species and subspecies of ixodid and argasid ticks, hyalomma dromedarii, h. impeltatum, h. anatolicum excavatum, h. a. anatolicum, h. truncatum, h. m. marginatum, h. m. rufipes, h. m. turanicum, boophilus annulatus, rhipicephalus sanguineus, r. turanicus, r. guilhoni, r. camicasi, amblyomma lipidum, a. marmoreum, a. vareigatum, argas persicus, a. hermanii and a. arboreus were collected from different localities in five governorates, giza, sharkia, ismailia, el beheira and sinai. hyalomm ... | 2001 | 11478436 |
| detection of haemoparasites in cattle by reverse line blot hybridisation with a note on the distribution of ticks in sicily. | a reverse line blot hybridisation (rlb) of 21 oligonucleotides with polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplified regions of 16s rrna (ehrlichia/anaplasma group) or 18s rrna (babesia/theileria group) genes of haemoparasites detected theileria annulata, t. buffeli/orientalis, babesia bovis, b. bigemina, b. divergens, ehrlichia bovis, anaplasma marginale, a. centrale and unknown species within the rickettsia tribe.a very high prevalence of mixed infections was detected, which indicated that animals in ... | 2001 | 11511414 |
| transcriptional analysis of p30 major outer membrane multigene family of ehrlichia canis in dogs, ticks, and cell culture at different temperatures. | ehrlichia canis, an obligatory intracellular bacterium of monocytes and macrophages, causes canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. e. canis immunodominant 30-kda major outer membrane proteins are encoded by a polymorphic multigene family consisting of more than 20 paralogs. in the present study, we analyzed the mrna expression of 14 paralogs in experimentally infected dogs and rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks by reverse transcription-pcr using gene-specific primers followed by southern blotting. eleven ou ... | 2001 | 11553557 |
| analysis of the use of fenthion via epicutaneous in dogs for rhipicephalus sanguineus control. | the action of fenthion was studied in a 15% epicutaneous formulation upon rhipicephalus sanguineus, which may transmit pathogens to men and other animals, such as ehrlichia, babesia and ricketsia. dogs were artificially infected for the trial. the fenthion bioassays were begun four months after artificial infestation. the test group, having a mean of 186 ticks per dog, received the formulation dosage according to body weight on the neck region. tick counts were performed, considering diameters > ... | 2001 | 11562726 |
| aortic valve endocarditis in a dog due to bartonella clarridgeiae. | we report the first documented case of endocarditis associated with bartonella clarridgeiae in any species. b. clarridgeiae was identified as a possible etiological agent of human cat scratch disease. infective vegetative valvular aortic endocarditis was diagnosed in a 2.5-year-old male neutered boxer. historically, the dog had been diagnosed with a systolic murmur at 16 months of age and underwent balloon valvuloplasty for severe valvular aortic stenosis. six months later, the dog was brought t ... | 2001 | 11574571 |
| survey of tick infestation and tick-borne ehrlichial infection of dogs in ishigaki island, japan. | twelve (54.5%) of 22 free-roaming dogs in ishigaki island had tick infestation identified as rhipicephalus sanguineus. there were 121 ticks recovered and consisted of 28 females, 58 males, 22 nymphs and 3 larvae. infection of dogs possibly with canine ehrlichial pathogens was examined by both indirect immunofluorescence assay and polymerase chain reaction (pcr). two dogs of the 13 examined were sero-positive for the human granulocytic ehrlichia agent, and one of two dogs was pcr positive for ehr ... | 2001 | 11767058 |
| pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi to different developmental stages of rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae). | the pathogenicity of 4 species of entomopathogenic fungi (hyphomycetes species: beauveria bassiana, metarhizium anisopliae, metarhizium flavoviride, and paecilomyces fumosoroseus) to various developmental stages of rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) ticks was compared under laboratory conditions. the most virulent isolate, m. anisopliae-108, caused 92-96% mortality to unfed larvae and nymphs on day 7 postinfection (pi) and 100% mortality to unfed adults and engorged females on day 21 pi. ... | 2001 | 11780821 |
| hepatozoon canis infection associated with dog ticks of rural areas of rio de janeiro state, brazil. | hepatozoon canis is a tick-borne protozoan that infects dogs and has been reported throughout the world. manifestation of h. canis infection varies from being sub-clinical in apparently healthy dogs to severe illness. the main vector of the infection is the dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus although other species may also transmit this agent. h. canis has been reported previously in brazil, but mostly as an occasional finding during laboratory exams and always associated with other diseases. th ... | 2001 | 11113545 |
| tick salivary gland extract inhibits killing of borrelia afzelii spirochetes by mouse macrophages. | salivary gland extract (sge) from ixodes ricinus ticks inhibited the killing of borrelia afzelii spirochetes by murine macrophages. sge also reduced the production of two major defense molecules of phagocytes, superoxide and nitric oxide. it is likely that the suppression of macrophage microbicidal mechanisms contributes to the inhibitory effect of tick saliva on the killing of b. afzelii spirochetes, thus facilitating the transmission of this important pathogen. | 2001 | 11119556 |
| study on immunobiology in ectoparasites of public health interest: rhipicephalus sanguineus. | the recently defined range of mediterranean spotted fever (msf) in sardinia coincides with that of the widely studied rickettsia conorii vector, the brown dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus. this tick is major vector of disease in humans, domestic and wild animals. characteristic features of the vector with respect to their seasonal activity, abundance as well as incidence of human-tick contact and how these factors influence the incidence of msf were studied. this paper also looks at host, patho ... | 2001 | 12078475 |
| [complications of mediterranean spotted fever]. | mediterranean spotted fever is an infectious disease due to rickettsia conori transmitted to man by the dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus. the review of a consecutive series of 525 cases, admitted to caltagirone hospital in the last 20 years, permits the classic clinical picture to be identified by fever, maculopapular eruption and tache noire, and any complications to be visualized. usually the course of the disease is good, but 12.7% of our cases reported complications such as renal failure, m ... | 2001 | 12087217 |
| diversity, seasonality and sites of attachment of adult ixodid ticks on dogs in the central region of the free state province, south africa. | several surveys of ticks infesting dogs belonging to owners in resource-limited and more affluent communities have been conducted in south africa, but no such investigation has been carried out in the free state province of this country. the present study was initiated to meet this shortcoming. ticks were collected from dogs at six localities in, and to the east of the city of bloemfontein in the central region of the province. three of these localities could be classed as resource-limited and t ... | 2001 | 12026063 |
| abnormal development of rhipicephalus sanguineus (ixodidae). | three malformed rhipicephalus sanguineus specimens were noticed in a tick laboratory colony. these specimens had different degrees of twining, from an almost fused individual (with two anal pores) to a partially fused adult male, with four spiracular plates. one female was a heart-shaped specimen. with both body halves fused along a longitudinal axes, with four spiracular plates and two anal pores. | 2001 | 12206587 |
| ticks (acari: ixodidae) associated with domestic dogs in franca region, são paulo, brazil. | ticks on 140 domestic dogs from both urban and rural areas of franca region in são paulo state were identified with 102 dogs from urban areas and 38 from rural areas. of urban dogs, 27.5% were infested exclusively by rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks. of the rural dogs, 36.8% were infested with the following tick species: r. sanguineus, boophilus microplus, amblyomma ovale and a. cajennense. mixed infestations included a dog hosting a. cajennense and a. ovale and another with b. microplus and r. sa ... | 2001 | 12455880 |
| fine structure of the synganglion of unfed female rhipicephalus (rhipicephalus) sanguineus (latreille) (ixodoidea: ixodidae). | the synganglion of unfed female rhipicephalus (rhipicephalus) sanguineus (latreille) is enclosed within a well defined neural lamella underlined by the perineurium. no organelles were observed in the neural lamella, whereas axons containing neurosecretory vesicles, tracheal elements and glycogen deposits are visible in the perineurium. below the perineurium, a cortical layer of nervous and non-nervous elements surrounds an inner neuropile, the latter is enclosed by a thin subperineurial layer. t ... | 2001 | 12557924 |
| genital system structure of unfed female rhipicephalus (rhipicephalus) sanguineus (latreille) (ixodoidea: ixodidae). | the reproductive system of female rhipicephalus sanguineus consists of a single ovary, paired oviducts fusing into a single common oviduct, connecting tube, the vagina that in turn divides into cervical and vestibular regions, a wide receptaculum seminis and tubular accessory glands that open into the vagina between the cervical and vestibular regions. the histological structure of each part of the female reproductive system is described. the fine structure of the ovary, connecting tube and acce ... | 2001 | 12557929 |
| evaluation of the speed of kill of fleas and ticks with frontline top spot in dogs. | the speed of kill of a spot-on formulation of fipronil (frontline top spot, merial limited, duluth, ga) against adult cat fleas (ctenocephalides felis) and brown dog ticks (rhipicephalus sanguineus) was evaluated in dogs in a commercial laboratory setting. forty dogs were allocated to 20 replicates of two based on sex and pretreatment flea counts. within each replicate, dogs were randomly allocated to an untreated control group or to treatment with fipronil, administered topically as a spot-on p ... | 2001 | 19753710 |
| naturally occurring ehrlichia chaffeensis infection in two prosimian primate species: ring-tailed lemurs (lemur catta) and ruffed lemurs (varecia variegata). | a naturally occurring infection of ehrlichia chaffeensis in lemurs is described. dna of ehrlichia chaffeensis was identified by polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood from six of eight clinically ill lemurs. organisms were cultured from the blood of one lemur exhibiting clinical and hematologic abnormalities similar to those of humans infected with e. chaffeensis. | 2002 | 12498671 |
| an epidemiological study on ovine babesiosis in the mashhad suburb area, province of khorasan, iran. | the prevalence of babesia spp. infection was studied in sheep of the mashhad area in iran from 1998 to 2000. a total of 677 sheep originating from 115 flocks were clinically examined and investigated for the presence of babesia spp. in appropriate blood smears and any tick species on the body of the animals. the study revealed that the infection rate for babesia ovis and babesia motasi were 167 (24.6%) and 4 (0.5%), respectively. double (mixed) infections occurred in 21 (3%) sheep. differences i ... | 2002 | 12208039 |
| attraction of the tropical bont tick, amblyomma variegatum, to human breath and to the breath components acetone, no and co2. | ticks are of medical and veterinary importance and employ several cues in search of a host. olfaction is one modality by which ticks locate a blood-meal and breath is the major vent of gaseous and volatile metabolites from the host that could contribute to this search. we studied the responses of a hunter tick, amblyomma variegatum, to diluted human breath and five of its components (acetone, co2, no, isoprene and nh3) while walking in an air stream on a locomotion compensator. diluted breath el ... | 2002 | 12216862 |
| development of resistance to nymphs of amblyomma cajennense ticks (acari:ixodidae) in dogs. | ticks have long been regarded as constraints to humans and domestic animals, but hosts often develop resistance to ticks after repeated infestations. the purpose of this investigation was to study the possible acquisition of immunity in domestic dogs to nymphs of a. cajennense by determining the tick alimentary performance after successive controlled infestations. mean engorged weight of nymphs was not significantly different among the three infestations; molting rate from nymph to adult ticks, ... | 2002 | 12381587 |
| prevalence of ectoparasites in a population of feral cats from north central florida during the summer. | ectoparasites are a common and important cause of skin disorders in cats. ectoparasites are capable of disease transmission and can cause life-threatening anemia in young or debilitated animals. the objective of this study was to determine the potential feline ectoparasites in domestic cats by using a cohort of feral cats from north central florida that have not received veterinary care and have no known exposure to insecticide application. a total of 200 feral cats were randomly selected for th ... | 2002 | 12383632 |
| efficacy of two 65 % permethrin spot-on formulations against canine infestations of ctenocephalides felis and rhipicephalus sanguineus. | the efficacy of two formulations of a topically applied 65% permethrin spot-on for dogs (defend exspot treatment for dogs, schering-plough animal health corp.) was evaluated against experimental infestations of the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis, and the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. thirty dogs were randomly allocated to treatment with 65 % permethrin in diethylene glycol monomethyl ether (original formulation), 65 % permethrin in propylene glycol monomethyl ether (test formulation ... | 2002 | 12447841 |
| genetic identification of rickettsiae isolated from ticks in japan. | following the description in japan of japanese spotted fever, caused by rickettsia japonica, a search for the vector of this disease led to the isolation of several rickettsiae from various tick species. sixty-three rickettsial isolates were obtained from six different tick species, and six type strains were described by pcr and monoclonal antibody testing. we identified these six strains by amplification and sequencing of the genes encoding 16s rrna and citrate synthase. we confirmed that the i ... | 2002 | 12037083 |
| identification of ctenocephalides felis fleas as a host of rickettsia felis, the agent of a spotted fever rickettsiosis in yucatań, mexico. | in search for the vector of the recently recognized spotted fever rickettsiosis of the yucatán, ticks, fleas, and lice were collected from vegetation and dogs in localities where seropositive persons had been found. the arthropods were examined by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using primers for the genus-specific 17-kda protein gene followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) and dna sequencing. eleven (20%) of 54 pools of ctenocephalides felis fleas contained dna of rickettsia ... | 2002 | 12653300 |
| efficacy of three dose volumes of topically applied 65% permethrin against ctenocephalides felis and rhipicephalus sanguineus on dogs weighing 30 kg or more. | twenty-five dogs were evenly and randomly allocated by weight to five treatment groups: untreated control, 2 ml 65% permethrin (dogs weighing 15 to 29 kg, "average dogs"), and 2, 3, or 4 ml 65% permethrin (dogs weighing > or = 30 kg, "big dogs"). each dog was infested with 125 unfed, adult cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis, and 50 unfed, adult brown dog ticks, rhipicephalus sanguineus, on days -3 (ticks only), -2 (fleas only), 3, 7, 14, 17, 21, 24, and 28. fleas and ticks were counted 1 and 3 or ... | 2002 | 12584681 |
| ultrastructural study of the infection process of rickettsia conorii in the salivary glands of the vector tick rhipicephalus sanguineus. | this work was designed to study the infection process of rickettsia conorii in the salivary glands of experimentally infected rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks. one hundred six uninfected engorged nymphs were intracelomically inoculated with approximately 2 x 10(3) plaque-forming units of a rickettsial suspension. after the molt, unfed and fed adults were dissected, and the salivary glands were extracted and processed for transmission electron microscopy observation. three different uninfected cont ... | 2002 | 12737546 |
| rhipicephalus ticks infected with rickettsia and coxiella in southern switzerland (canton ticino). | ticks of the rhipicephalus sanguineus species complex may be vector of various pathogens including rickettsia conorii (the etiological agent of the mediterranean spotted fever) and coxiella burnetii (cause of the query (q) fever). r. sanguineus ticks have been imported in several parts of central and northern europe, especially in environments such as kennels and houses providing the appropriate microclimatic conditions and the blood source necessary for their survival. since 1940 these ticks ha ... | 2002 | 12797987 |
| ehrlichia ewingii infection in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | two closely related zoonotic ehrlichiae, ehrlichia chaffeensis and e. ewingii, are transmitted by amblyomma americanum, the lone star tick. because white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) are critical hosts for all mobile stages of a. americanum and are important vertebrate reservoirs of e. chaffeensis, we investigated whether deer may be infected with e. ewingii, a cause of granulocytotropic ehrlichiosis in humans and dogs. to test for e. ewingii infection, we used polymerase chain reaction ... | 2002 | 12095432 |
| the omp-1 major outer membrane multigene family of ehrlichia chaffeensis is differentially expressed in canine and tick hosts. | sixteen of 22 omp-1 paralogs encoding 28-kda-range immunodominant outer membrane proteins of ehrlichia chaffeensis were transcribed in blood monocytes of dogs throughout a 56-day infection period. only one paralog was transcribed by e. chaffeensis in three developmental stages of amblyomma americanum ticks before or after e. chaffeensis transmission to naïve dogs. | 2002 | 12117987 |
| isolation of coxiella burnetii by a centrifugation shell-vial assay from ticks collected in cyprus: detection by nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses. | ticks are the principal vectors and reservoirs of coxiella burnetii. the identification of isolates is necessary for understanding the clinical diversity of q fever in different geographic areas. this is the first report of isolation of c. burnetii from ticks by the shell-vial assay and by nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for the detection of this pathogen in ticks. of 141 ticks collected in cyprus (rhipicephalus sanguineus and hyalloma spp.), 10% were found to be infected with c. bu ... | 2002 | 12135275 |
| the dog factor in brown dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) infestations in and near human dwellings. | three cases of the tick rhipicephalus sanguineus infiltration in or near human dwellings caused by dogs, and their influence on epidemiological features of human habitats have been investigated. (a) the observation of dogs kept indoors proved that single tick females could engorge and oviposit inside apartments followed by the development of subadults. (b) abundant micropopulations of ticks were formed in small yards or gardens near the dwellings where dogs lived in kennels. (c) a huge field pop ... | 2002 | 12141741 |
| transmission of hepatozoon americanum (apicomplexa: adeleorina) by ixodids (acari: ixodidae). | american canine hepatozoonosis (ach) caused by hepatozoon americanum vincent-johnson, macintire, lindsay, lenz, baneth, and shkap is an emerging, often fatal, tick-borne protozoal disease of dogs in the united states of america. dogs acquire infection by ingesting ticks that contain oocysts. to understand the invertebrate (definitive) host range of h. americanum, experiments were carried out using four ixodids, rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille), dermacentor variabilis say, amblyomma americanu ... | 2002 | 12144294 |
| modification of the food and agriculture organization larval packet test to measure amitraz-susceptibility against ixodidae. | modifications of exposure time, substrate, and formulation were made to the food and agriculture organization larval packet test (lpt) to determine a combination suitable for measuring the susceptibility of boophilus microplus (canestrini) to amitraz. exposure time influenced the slope of the dose-response when paper was used as a substrate for amitraz. however, time did not influence the dose-response slope when nylon fabric was used as an amitraz substrate. formulated amitraz produced results ... | 2002 | 12144297 |
| evidence of spotted fever group rickettsiae in state of rio de janeiro, brazil. | ticks were obtained from dogs from february to september of 1999 at weekly intervals, in the county of piraí, state of rio de janeiro. four hundred seventy four ixodids were taxonomically identified, 103 amblyomma cajennense, seven amblyomma ovale, 209 rhipicephalus sanguineus, and 155 amblyomma sp. an hemolymph test associated with giemsa's stain revealed two specimens in 163 ticks tested (r. sanguineus and amblyomma sp), containing rickettsia-like organisms. direct immunofluorescence verified ... | 2002 | 12163909 |
| first detection of spotted fever group rickettsiae in ixodes ricinus from italy. | ixodes ricinus from italy were examined for the first time to detect whether rickettsiae were present. using molecular methods, we detected three different spotted fever group rickettsiae, including rickettsia helvetica. our results raise the possibility that bacteria other than r. conorii are involved in rickettsial diseases in italy. | 2002 | 12194779 |
| gynandromorphism in amblyomma cajennense and rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae). | during a survey of ticks on horses in november 2000, at the university of são paulo farm in pirassununga county, são paulo, brazil, 1 gynandromorph of amblyomma cajennense was collected from a naturally infested horse. in another survey on dogs in march 2001, in the urban area of monte negro, rondônia, brazil, a gynandromorph of rhipicephalus sanguineus was collected from a naturally infested dog. both specimens are described and classified as perfect bipartite protogynanders. | 2002 | 12197141 |
| detection of rickettsia prowazekii in body lice and their feces by using monoclonal antibodies. | in order to identify rickettsia prowazekii in lice, we developed a panel of 29 representative monoclonal antibodies selected from 187 positive hybridomas made by fusing splenocytes of immunized mice with sp2/0-ag14 myeloma cells. immunoblotting revealed that 15 monoclonal antibodies reacted with the lipopolysaccharide-like (lps-l) antigen and 14 reacted with the epitopes of a 120-kda protein. only typhus group rickettsiae reacted with the monoclonal antibodies against lps-l. r. felis, a recently ... | 2002 | 12202579 |
| detection of ehrlichia canis in canine carrier blood and in individual experimentally infected ticks with a p30-based pcr assay. | detection of vector-borne pathogens is necessary for investigation of their association with vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. the ability to detect ehrlichia spp. within individual experimentally infected ticks would be valuable for studies to evaluate the relative competence of different vector species and transmission scenarios. the purpose of this study was to develop a sensitive pcr assay based on oligonucleotide sequences from the unique ehrlichia canis gene, p30, to facilitate studies th ... | 2002 | 11825969 |
| transcript heterogeneity of the p44 multigene family in a human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent transmitted by ticks. | human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge) is an emerging tick-borne zoonosis caused by a strain of anaplasma phagocytophila called the hge agent, an obligatory intracellular bacterium. the agent expresses immunodominant 44-kda outer membrane proteins (p44s) encoded by a multigene family. the present study established an experimental process for transmission of the hge agent from infected mice (a reservoir model) to nymphal ixodes scapularis ticks (a biological vector) and subsequently to horses (a p ... | 2002 | 11854198 |
| importation of the brown dog or kennel tick (rhipicephalus sanguineus) into the uk. | 2002 | 11878449 | |
| ticks parasitizing dogs in northwestern georgia. | from january 1998 through september 1999, 324 dogs in three northwestern georgia counties were examined for ticks. six species of ticks were recovered. the three most commonly collected ticks were the american dog tick, dermacentor variabilis (say) (310 male male, 352 female female; prevalence, 97%; mean intensity 2.1); the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille) (118 male male, 119 female female, 38 nymphs; prevalence, 22%; mean intensity, 3.8); and the lone star tick, amblyomma am ... | 2002 | 11931241 |
| the susceptibility of different species and stages of ticks to entomopathogenic fungi. | boophilus annulatus, hyalomma excavatum and rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks were shown to be susceptible to different entomopathogenic fungi under laboratory conditions. comparative results of bioassays using five different fungal species showed that some strains of metarhizium anisopliae are highly pathogenic against various tick stages tested. in contrast to to their activity against insects, fungi also affected tick eggs. all tested tick stages including those feeding on a host were found to b ... | 2002 | 14570142 |
| the use of a 4% (w/w) deltamethrin collar (scalibor protectorband) in the extended control of ticks on dogs. | deltamethrin (4%, w/w) formulated in a polymer matrix system (scalibor protectorband, intervet international bv) was evaluated for the prevention of ticks on dogs. controlled laboratory trials were conducted, wherein dogs wearing anti-tick collars were compared with control dogs and artificially infested by adult ixodes ricinus and/or rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks. the activity of the collars increased from 24 to 48 h post-treatment (pt) wherein tick numbers were reduced to 78.7% for i. ricinus ... | 2002 | 14570144 |
| ixodid ticks on domestic animals in samut prakan province, thailand. | the prevalence of tick-harboring domestic animals, tick density, and the species of ticks were studied throughout the year 2000, in muang samut prakan, bang phli and phra pradaeng districts of samut prakan province. the animals examined were canis lupus familiaris (450), bos indicus (cross-bred) (189), bos taurus (30), bubalus bubalis (171) and sus scrofa domestica (450). the total number of collected ticks was 1,491. the pigs did not harbor ticks. the stages of ticks collected were larvae, nymp ... | 2002 | 12971472 |
| cloning and sequencing of putative acetylcholinesterase cdnas from the american dog tick, dermacentor variabilis, and the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae). | two putative cdnas of acetylcholinesterase (ache), one from dermacentor variabilis, and the other from rhipicephalus sanguineus, were amplified and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequences have high amino acid identities (between 70 and 94%) to known tick ache sequences deposited in genbank. furthermore, these two aches also possess common features in their primary ache structure such as catalytic active sites. a 2,220-bp contiguous sequence, containing a 1,791-bp open reading frame encoding ... | 2003 | 14765667 |
| ticks (ixodida: ixodidae) parasitising humans in uruguay. | during routine collections between november 1999 and november 2002, three species of tick (amblyomma tigrinum, amblyomma triste and rhipicephalus sanguineus) were found on humans in southern uruguay. the finding of r. sanguineus and a. triste on humans is of particular concern because these tick species may be involved in the transmission of the pathogens causing human rickettsioses, a type of disease already known to occur in uruguay. | 2003 | 14613636 |
| parasites of domestic and wild animals in south africa. xliii. ixodid ticks of domestic dogs and cats in the western cape province. | ticks were collected at monthly intervals for 16 consecutive months from individual dogs by their owners in or close to the town of stellenbosch, western cape province. they were also collected for 27 consecutive months from dogs presented for a variety of reasons at three veterinary clinics in stellenbosch, and from dogs upon admission to an animal welfare shelter. at one of the veterinary clinics ticks were also collected from cats. dog owners collected six ixodid species from their pets and t ... | 2003 | 14621314 |
| first evidence of anaplasma platys in rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodida) collected from dogs in africa. | a total of 27 ticks, comprising rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille) (n = 21), haemaphysalis leachi (andouin) (n = 4) and haemaphysalis paraleachi (camicas, hoogstraal & el kammah) (n = 2) were recovered from two clinically healthy female dogs in the democratic republic of the congo. dna of anaplasma platys was detected in a female r. sanguineus, using primers derived from the 16s rrna gene, which amplify members of the family anaplasmataceae . anaplasma platys dna was also detected in the blood ... | 2003 | 14621316 |
| a study about tick vectors of bovine theileriosis in an endemic region of iran. | the aim of this study was to determine the population of ticks in infected cattle and to identify the tick vectors of bovine theileriosis in an endemic area of iran from 1998 to 1999. a total of 120 suspected cattle suffering from theileriosis were clinically examined and investigated for the presence of theileria annulata in blood smears and the presence of any tick species on the body of cattle. in this study, 680 ticks were collected from 107 cattle infected with t. annulata. the prevalence o ... | 2003 | 14629004 |
| ehrlichiosis in anemic, thrombocytopenic, or tick-infested dogs from a hospital population in south brazil. | ehrlichia canis has a worldwide distribution, but clinical manifestations may vary geographically. we selected 129 dogs to determine prevalence of ehrlichiosis in dogs with anemia, thrombocytopenia, or ticks presented to a veterinary teaching hospital in south brazil. of the 129 dogs, 68 carried the brown dog tick (rhipicephalus sanguineus), 61 had thrombocytopenia (platelet count <150,000/microl), and 19 had anemia (pcv < 22%). twenty dogs fulfilled more than one inclusion criteria. ehrlichiosi ... | 2003 | 14637030 |
| molecular detection of anaplasma platys in dogs using polymerase chain reaction and reverse line blot hybridization. | several polymerase chain reactions (pcrs) and a reverse line blot hybridization (rlb) method were used to identify anaplasma platys in dogs held in a kennel in italy. whereas pcr techniques confirmed the presence of a. platys, the rlb method not only correlated the results obtained by pcr but also ruled out the presence of other species such as ehrlichia canis or e. chaffeensis. there was no correlation between infection status and age or breed of the dogs. polymerase chain reaction performed on ... | 2003 | 14667015 |
| canine ehrlichiosis. | ehrlichia spp. are obligate intracellular bacteria with tropism for hematopoietic cells. monocytic ehrlichioses in dogs and humans are transmitted by ticks and primarily caused by e. canis and e. chaffeensis, respectively. e. canis causes canine monocytic ehrlichioses (cme), a potentially fatal disease in dogs that requires rapid and accurate diagnosis in order to initiate appropriate therapy leading to a favorable prognosis. cme is characterized by three stages; 1) acute, 2) subclinical and 3) ... | 2003 | 14677903 |
| sequence and expression analysis of virb9 of the type iv secretion system of ehrlichia canis strains in ticks, dogs, and cultured cells. | ehrlichia canis virb9 was cloned and expressed. the sequences of virb9 from six geographic locations were identical. virb9 was transcribed by e. canis in dogs, ticks, and cell culture. infected dogs had antibodies to recombinant virb9, indicating that virb9 was produced by e. canis in dogs and was antigenic. | 2003 | 14500531 |
| identification of tick vectors of ovine theileriosis in an endemic region of iran. | this study was made to determine the population of ticks in infected sheep and attempting to identify the tick vectors of ovine theileriosis in an endemic area of iran from 2000 to 2001. a total of 188 suspected cases of ovine theileriosis from 28 flocks were clinically examined and investigated for the presence of theileria lestoquardi in appropriate blood smears and any tick species on body of sheep. in this study, 36.17% of sheep were infected to t. lestoquardi with a parasitemia of 0.01-15%. ... | 2003 | 14519321 |
| american canine hepatozoonosis. | american canine hepatozoonosis (ach) is a tick-borne disease that is spreading in the southeastern and south-central united states. characterized by marked leukocytosis and periosteal bone proliferation, ach is very debilitating and often fatal. dogs acquire infection by ingesting nymphal or adult gulf coast ticks (amblyomma maculatum) that, in a previous life stage, ingested the parasite in a blood meal taken from some vertebrate intermediate host. ach is caused by the apicomplexan hepatozoon a ... | 2003 | 14557294 |
| [epidemiologic features of mediterranean spotted fever in portugal]. | mediterranean spotted fever (msf) is a tick-borne rickettsial disease. it is endemic in portugal and ricardo jorge recognized it in 1930. rhipicephalus sanguineus is the main vector and reservoir of the disease. in portugal the etiologic agents are two strains of rickettsia conorii complex: r. conorii malish and "israeli tick typhus". msf is clinically characterized by a vasculitis process with the classical clinical triad of fever, rash, and lesion at the site of tick bite. although the majorit ... | 2003 | 15631855 |
| the efficacy of collars impregnated with flumethrin and propoxur against experimental infestations of adult rhipicephalus sanguineus on dogs. | the efficacy of 2 sets of collars (kiltix collar, bayer ag), containing different plasticisers and impregnated with the acaricides flumethrin (2.25%) and propoxur (10%), was compared against adult rhipicephalus sanguineus on experimentally infested, kennelled dogs. thirty individually penned dogs were infested with 25 male and 25 female, unfed r. sanguineus. on the following day they were allocated to 3 groups of 10 dogs each on the magnitude of their tick burdens. two days after infestation, me ... | 2003 | 15038425 |
| new diseases and increased risk of diseases in companion animals and horses due to transport. | dogs and horses are transported within the european union for a number of reasons. the transport per se may cause physical problems, exemplified by hyperthermia in dogs and pleuropneumonia in horses, and the stress may reactivate latent infections such as canine herpesvirus-1 and equine herpesvirus-1. preventive treatments are vital to protect dogs from ticks and mosquitoes transmitting their potentially lethal infectious agents, such as leishmania donovani infantum, babesia canis, ehrlichia can ... | 2003 | 16429803 |
| serosurvey among mediterranean spotted fever patients of a new spotted fever group rickettsial strain (bar29). | mediterranean spotted fever is an endemic disease in catalonia, spain. a new spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsial strain (bar29) of unknown pathogenicity for humans was isolated by our group, in 1996, from the dog brown tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. interestingly, rickettsia conorii was not isolated in this study. the aim of the present study was to assess the possible pathogenic role of the bar29 strain. to this purpose, serum samples from 15 patients with mediterranean spotted fever were ob ... | 2003 | 12803376 |
| differentiation of rickettsiae by groel gene analysis. | the nucleotide sequences (534 to 546 bp) of the groel gene, which encodes the 60-kda heat shock protein groel, from 15 rickettsial strains were determined and compared. in the phylogenetic tree created by the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages and the neighbor-joining method, rickettsial strains could be distinguished from ehrlichia strains. five spotted fever group strains, four typhus group strains, and six scrub typhus group (stg) strains were differentiated as distinct ent ... | 2003 | 12843026 |
| first isolation and identification of rickettsia conorii from ticks collected in the region of fokida in central greece. | three different spotted-fever group rickettsiae-rickettsia conorii, r. massiliae, and r. rhipicephali-were detected and identified by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in rhipicephalus ticks collected from domestic animals in the fokida region of greece, where a high seroprevalence of antibodies to r. conorii was previously demonstrated. the infection rate of ticks was 1.6%. moreover, r. conorii was isolated from one rhipicephalus sanguineus tick. | 2003 | 12843081 |
| antigens from rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks elicit potent cell-mediated immune responses in resistant but not in susceptible animals. | in the present study we compared the immunological reactions between rhipicephalus sanguineus tick-infested susceptible (dogs and mice) and tick-resistant hosts (guinea pigs), elucidating some of the components of efficient protective responses against ticks. we found that t-cells from guinea pigs infested with adult ticks proliferate vigorously in the presence of concanavalin a (cona), whereas cona-induced cell proliferation of tick-infested mice and dogs was significantly decreased at 43.1 and ... | 2003 | 12860066 |
| antibody and blood leukocyte response in rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille, 1806) tick-infested dogs and guinea pigs. | the dog is considered to be the natural host of rhipicephalus sanguineus and is unable to develop appreciable resistance even after repeated feedings. the guinea pig develops strong resistance after one infestation with adult ticks. antibody (igg) titres against tick salivary gland antigens (sgas) and blood leukocyte numbers in dogs and guinea pigs undergoing experimental r. sanguineus tick infestations were measured to detect a possible correlation with susceptibility or resistance of hosts. si ... | 2003 | 12860067 |
| ehrlichiae and ehrlichial diseases in china. | the various ticks collected from different areas of china were examined for the existence of ehrlichial agents by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with genus- or species-specific primers designed on the basis of ehrlichial 16s rrna genes and sequence analyses. in southern china, e. chaffeensis was detected in amblyomma testudinarium ticks from infested cattle, haemaphysalis yeni ticks from hare, and ixodes ovatus ticks from muntiacus reevesi. e. canis was identified in rhipicephalus sanguineus ti ... | 2003 | 12860598 |
| detection of astrakhan fever rickettsia from ticks in kosovo. | astrakhan fever is a summer spotted fever resembling mediterranean spotted fever, endemic in astrakhan, a region of russia located by the caspian sea. its agent is a spotted fever group rickettsia, member of the rickettsia conorii complex, transmitted to humans by rhipicephalus sanguineus and rhipicephalus pumilio ticks. in summer 2001, french united nations troops in kosovo collected 2 ticks on asymptomatic soldiers (1 r. sanguineus and 1 hyalomma marginatum) and 10 ticks on dogs (7 r. sanguine ... | 2003 | 12860620 |
| genetic diversity of bacterial agents detected in ticks removed from asymptomatic patients in northeastern italy. | a total of 360 ticks were removed from 353 asymptomatic subjects in belluno province, italy and surrounding areas, from 1998 to 2001. ticks were identified as ixodes ricinus (357), ixodes hexagonus (1), rhipicephalus sanguineus (1), and ixodes ventalloi (1). tick dna was investigated by pcr and subsequent sequencing of amplified products to identity associated bacterial agents. primers targeting different genes of rickettsia (glta and ompa), borrelia (16s rdna, rpob), francisella (16s rdna), and ... | 2003 | 12860623 |
| molecular evidence of coxiella-like microorganism harbored by haemaphysalis concinnae ticks in the russian far east. | twenty female imago of haemaphysalis concinnae ticks collected from wild vegetation in may of 2001 in the obor region near khabarovsk in the russian far east were studied. dna was extracted with commercially available kits following manufacturer's instructions. we used broad range primers sfg3 and sfg6 proposed for amplification of 16s ribosomal rna gene's portion of spotted fever group rickettsia. initial amplification resulted in positive results in all 20 ticks. direct sequencing of five rand ... | 2003 | 12860630 |
| israeli spotted fever rickettsia in sicilian rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks. | 2003 | 12899144 |