Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| plasmid profiles as an epidemiological marker in salmonella enterica serovar berta infections. comparison of isolates obtained from humans and poultry. | plasmid profiles of 674 salmonella berta strains isolated in the period 1985-1989 from 674 cases of human infections were recorded. five hundred and eighty-nine of the strains examined (87.4%) contained plasmids and the mean number of plasmids was 1.8 per strain. sixteen different plasmid sizes were recognized, 13 of which had also been reported from s. berta of poultry origin. the plasmids formed 90 different profiles. forty-five of these profiles, comprising 90.7% of isolates, had previously b ... | 1992 | 1562315 |
| separation and characterization of two chemically distinct lipopolysaccharides in two pectinatus species. | lipopolysaccharides (lps) from the type strains of the anaerobic beer spoilage bacteria pectinatus cerevisiiphilus and p. frisingensis were extracted with the 5:5:8 volume ratio modification of the phenolchloroform-petroleum ether method (h. brade and c. galanos, eur. j. biochem. 122:233-237, 1982). sequential precipitations of lps with water and acetone from the phenol phase yielded lps which differed in that water-precipitable material (lps-h2o; 0.1 to 0.4% of the dry weight of the cells) was ... | 1992 | 1577699 |
| biochemical and molecular characterization of salmonella enterica serovar berta, and comparison of methods for typing. | strains of salmonella enterica serovar berta (s. berta) from denmark and seven other countries have been characterized with the aim of developing a rational typing strategy in connection with outbreak investigations. biotyping divided the strains into h2s-positive (90%) and h2s-negative (10%) biovars. six percent of the strains were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents. eighty-eight percent of the strains carried plasmids and 52 different plasmid profiles were recognized. six of the com ... | 1992 | 1582467 |
| a comparison of virulent and avirulent strains of salmonella choleraesuis and their ability to invade vero cell monolayers. | the mechanisms of invasion used by virulent and avirulent salmonella choleraesuis were compared using a vero cell invasion assay. mouse virulent s. choleraesuis strain 38 and avirulent strain 9 were examined for their ability to invade and survive in vero cells. the assay was performed by s. choleraesuis infection of the vero cell monolayer alone and in the presence of various treatments applied to the vero cell monolayers. intracellular s. choleraesuis colony forming units were then counted to ... | 1992 | 1585627 |
| safety and efficacy of an attenuated strain of salmonella choleraesuis for vaccination of swine. | the purpose of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of a live salmonella choleraesuis immunizing strain, obtained by repeated ingestion and recovery through porcine neutrophils. the strain was tested in mice and in pigs. the vaccine was safe and effective in controlled experimental trials, using clinical, pathologic, and microbiologic criteria. vaccinated pigs were able to maintain normal weight gains during the 4-week observation period following challenge inoculation with a high ... | 1992 | 1586010 |
| salmonella choleraesuis and salmonella typhimurium associated with liver cells after intravenous inoculation of rats are localized mainly in kupffer cells and multiply intracellularly. | male sprague-dawley rats were inoculated intravenously with salmonella choleraesuis or salmonella typhimurium and used over 3 consecutive days to produce highly enriched (greater than 95% homogenous) preparations of kupffer and mononuclear cells (kc), liver endothelial cells (lec), and hepatocytes. the methods involved collagenase perfusion of the liver in situ, differential centrifugation of liver cells over a percoll gradient, and selective attachment of the cells to plastic or to culture dish ... | 1992 | 1612743 |
| plasmid-mediated serum resistance in salmonella enterica. | the ability of salmonella enterica to survive an incubation of 2 h in fresh, pooled guinea-pig serum was determined comparing strain sets of serovariants dublin and typhimurium, harbouring or lacking the virulence plasmid. all strains showed marked serum resistance, which was slightly decreased among cured strains of typhimurium. however, when introduced into a rough escherichia coli strain, all typhimurium plasmids substantially increased the resistance of the host strain to guinea-pig serum, w ... | 1992 | 1614332 |
| acid adaptation promotes survival of salmonella spp. in cheese. | salmonella typhimurium was adapted to acid by exposure to hydrochloric acid at ph 5.8 for one to two doublings. acid-adapted cells had increased resistance to inactivation by organic acids commonly present in cheese, including lactic, propionic, and acetic acids. recovery of cells during the treatment with organic acids was increased 1,000-fold by inclusion of 0.1% sodium pyruvate in the recovery medium. acid-adapted s. typhimurium cells survived better than nonadapted cells during a milk fermen ... | 1992 | 1622286 |
| [antimicrobial resistance in strains of salmonella enterica isolated in the hospital de basurto (bilbao) from 1987 to 1990]. | rate development of antimicrobial resistance of salmonella strains in hospital basurto of bilbao from 1987 to 1990 and to study their resistance mechanism. | 1992 | 1643144 |
| characterization of salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum biovars gallinarum and pullorum by plasmid profiling and biochemical analysis. | one-hundred-and-five strains of salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum, biovar pullorum and 43 strains of biovar gallinarum were characterized by biochemical reactions, and 95 strains of biovar pullorum and 32 strains of biovar gallinarum were examined for plasmid content. twenty-one (66%) of the strains classified as biovar gallinarum contained a 85-kb virulence plasmid. six of these strains also contained a 2.5-kb plasmid. ten strains (31%) were without plasmids. ninety-three strains (98%) bel ... | 1992 | 18670961 |
| ribotypes of salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum biovars gallinarum and pullorum. | ninety-four isolates of salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum biovar pullorum and forty-one isolates of biovar gallinarum were ribotyped using the enzymes, hindiii, ecori and smai, and a digoxigenin-labelled e. coli-derived rrna probe. using hindiii, 13 profile types were observed within biovar gallinarum and 12 within biovar pullorum. the most common types accounted for 39% of biovar pullorum isolates and 47% for biovar gallinarum. ecori digests revealed two profile types within biovar pulloru ... | 1993 | 18671057 |
| transcriptional regulation of salmonella enterica virulence plasmid genes in cultured macrophages. | the plasmid-carried spv genes promote virulence of salmonellae in mice by allowing bacterial growth in the reticuloendothelial tissue. when the bacteria are cultivated under normal laboratory conditions the spv genes appear dormant. this communication explores the transcriptional regulation of spv genes within murine macrophage-like j774-a.1 cells utilizing a new reporter system. transcriptional fusions were constructed between promoter elements of the salmonella enterica var. typhimurium spv ge ... | 1993 | 7968517 |
| identification, expression, and dna sequence of the gdp-mannose biosynthesis genes encoded by the o7 rfb gene cluster of strain vw187 (escherichia coli o7:k1). | the o7-specific lipopolysaccharide (lps) in strains of escherichia coli consists of a repeating unit made of galactose, mannose, rhamnose, 4-acetamido-2,6-dideoxyglucose, and n-acetylglucosamine. we have recently cloned and characterized genetically the o7-specific lps biosynthesis region (rfbeco7) of the e. coli o7:k1 strain vw187 (c. l. marolda, j. welsh, l. dafoe, and m. a. valvano, j. bacteriol. 172:3590-3599, 1990). in this study, we localized the gnd gene encoding gluconate-6-phosphate deh ... | 1993 | 7677991 |
| repeat unit polysaccharides of bacteria: a model for polymerization resembling that of ribosomes and fatty acid synthetase, with a novel mechanism for determining chain length. | we report the identification and sequence from escherichia coli and salmonella enterica strains of the cld gene, encoding the chain-length determinant (cld) which confers a modal distribution of chain length on the o-antigen component of lipopolysaccharide (lps). the distribution of chain lengths in the absence of this gene fits a model in which as the chain is extended there is a constant probability of 0.165 of transfer of growing chain to lps core, with termination of chain extension. the dat ... | 1993 | 7682279 |
| glycosyl transferases of o-antigen biosynthesis in salmonella enterica: identification and characterization of transferase genes of groups b, c2, and e1. | in salmonella enterica, there is a great variety of o antigens, each consisting of a short oligosaccharide (the repeating unit) repeated many times. the o antigens differ in their sugar composition and glycosidic linkages. the genetic determinants of the o antigen are located in an rfb gene cluster, and some, including those of s. enterica o serogroups b, c2, and e1, have been cloned and sequenced. in this study of the glycosyltransferases which form the glycosidic linkages, we identify and char ... | 1993 | 7684736 |
| variation of the rfb gene clusters in salmonella enterica. | in order to explore the genetic variation of o antigens of salmonella enterica, we surveyed 164 strains (132 serovars) belonging to 45 serogroups, using 25 mostly single-gene rfb dna probes for colony hybridization. the results revealed that strains within a serogroup have very similar or identical rfb genes. at least three of the four rhamnose genes were detected in all 17 serogroups reported to contain rhamnose, and one or more were detected in three others. the likelihood of being detected de ... | 1993 | 7687601 |
| basement membrane carbohydrate as a target for bacterial adhesion: binding of type i fimbriae of salmonella enterica and escherichia coli to laminin. | adherence of type-1-fimbriate salmonella enterica and escherichia coli to immobilized proteins of the extracellular matrix and reconstituted basement membranes was studied. the type-1-fimbriate strain sh401 of s. enterica serovar enteritidis showed good adherence to laminin, whereas the adherence to fibronectin, type i, type iii, type iv or type v collagens was poor. only minimal adherence to the matrix proteins was seen with a non-fimbriate strain of s. enterica serovar typhimurium. a specific ... | 1993 | 8095317 |
| lysogenic phage in salmonella enterica serovar heidelberg (salmonella heidelberg): implications for organism tracing. | a phage typing system using a group of 11 closely related phage (as judged by southern analysis and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis) was able to distinguish at least six phage types in salmonella heidelberg of human and animal origin. restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using cosmid probes from s. heidelberg confirmed that most s. heidelberg isolates belong to a single 'clonal' group. southern analysis using dna isolated from each of the testing phage group showed ... | 1993 | 8099890 |
| analysis of the antibiotic resistance detected in 2043 strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolated in stool cultures of spanish patients with acute diarrhoea (1986-1991). | 1993 | 8125841 | |
| udp-sugar hydrolase isozymes in salmonella enterica and escherichia coli: silent alleles of usha in related strains of group i salmonella isolates, and of ushb in wild-type and k12 strains of e. coli, indicate recent and early silencing events, respectively. | escherichia coli contains a single periplasmic udp-glucose hydrolase (5'-nucleotidase) encoded by usha. salmonella enterica, serotype typhimurium, also contains a single udp-glucose hydrolase but, in contrast to e. coli, it is membrane-bound and is encoded by the non-homologous ushb gene; salmonella enterica (typhimurium) also contains a silent allele of the usha gene (usha0). in this report, we show that nearly all natural isolates of salmonella contain both udp-sugar hydrolases, i.e. they are ... | 1993 | 8288106 |
| acute phase response to salmonella in a pig liver perfusion model. | livers from 7- to 14-day old pigs were maintained on a perfusion apparatus for 3 h. the perfused livers maintained physiologic and immunologic functions during perfusion. the perfused livers retained 78-94% of a non-recirculating inoculum of approximately 1-5 x 10(8) salmonella choleraesuis (scs), and cleared 94.9 +/- 1.7% of the retained (scs) during the 3-h perfusion period. when the acute phase response (apr) was induced in liver donor pigs 24 h before liver perfusion, the perfused livers had ... | 1993 | 8291202 |
| noti macrorestriction analysis suggests a clonal relationship of salmonella enterica, ser. enteritidis phage lysotype 4 strains. | 30 different strains of salmonella enterica ser. enteritidis (s. enteritidis) isolated at the institute for medical microbiology, hannover, were subjected to a noti macrorestriction analysis. the results were compared with the respective phage lysis patterns. 25 of 30 isolates belonged to phage lysotype 4; all these strains displayed an identical genomic noti restriction fragment pattern. in contrast, five isolates of other phage lysotypes revealed more or less prominent differences in their not ... | 1993 | 8300252 |
| characterization of the small cryptic plasmid, pimvs1, of salmonella enterica ser. typhimurium. | the nucleotide sequence has been determined of a small cryptic plasmid of salmonella typhimurium, designated pimvs1, which correlated with an outbreak of gastroenteritis. this plasmid has a size of 3357 bp with no known functions. it does not encode any protein products but shows homology to several well-characterized plasmids. the replication system with rnai and rnaii and the replication origin (oriv) is highly similar to that of plasmid p15a. it also has a putative mobilisation origin similar ... | 1993 | 8302933 |
| presence of microorganisms in used ultrasonic cleaning solutions. | this study analyzed ultrasonic cleaning solutions for bacterial contamination and for antibacterial activity after the solutions were used for a full day in dental offices. ten dental offices ultrasonically cleaned their instruments by their standard procedures for a full day using one batch of their normal cleaning solution. the solutions were then quantitatively analyzed for levels of bacterial contamination and for antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginos ... | 1993 | 8329158 |
| [bacterial ascites caused by salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype indiana]. | 1993 | 8368710 | |
| purification, characterization and hplc assay of salmonella glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyl-transferase from the cloned rfba gene. | we here report on the purification and characterization of glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyl-transferase, the first of four enzymes committed to biosynthesis of dtdp-l-rhamnose from salmonella enterica strain lt2. the purification was greatly facilitated by the cloning of the rfba gene encoding this enzyme. pure enzyme was obtained by 109-fold enrichment in three chromatography steps. the glucose-1-phosphate thymidylytransferase catalyzes a reversible bimolecular group transfer reaction and kinetic ... | 1993 | 8382158 |
| cloning and molecular characterization of a gene involved in salmonella adherence and invasion of cultured epithelial cells. | our laboratories have independently identified a gene in salmonella choleraesuis and salmonella typhimurium that is necessary for efficient adherence and entry of these organisms into cultured epithelial cells. introduction of a mutated gene into several salmonella strains belonging to different serotypes rendered these organisms deficient for adherence and invasion of cultured cells. this effect was most pronounced in the host-adapted serotypes salmonella gallinarum, s. choleraesuis, and salmon ... | 1993 | 8382333 |
| isolation and characterization of carboxylesterase e3 from salmonella enterica. | three esterases (est-) hydrolysing alpha-naphthyl acetate: est-e1, est-e3 and est-e4 produced by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, strain lt2 were separated by deae chromatography and gel filtration. est-e3, the major component of this set of enzymes, clearly differed from the two other esterases by its apparent molecular weight, titration curve, substrate specificity and inactivation. immunoglobulins raised against est-e3 completely neutralized the activity of est-e3 but did not react wi ... | 1993 | 8407677 |
| regulation of the ansb gene of salmonella enterica. | the expression of l-asparaginase ii (encoded by ansb) in salmonella enterica was found to be positively regulated by the camp receptor protein (crp) and anaerobiosis. the anaerobic regulation of the s. enterica ansb gene is not mediated by the anaerobic transcriptional activator fnr. this is unlike the situation of the ansb gene of escherichia coli, which is dependent on both crp and fnr. to investigate this fundamental difference in the regulation of l-asparaginase ii expression in s. enterica, ... | 1993 | 8412661 |
| nontoxic forms of lipopolysaccharides, poorly cleared in vivo, are present in variable amounts in phenol-extracted endotoxins. | a radiolabeled lipopolysaccharide (lps) from salmonella choleraesuis was as toxic for galactosamine-treated mice as the unlabeled preparation. after intravenous injection, a large proportion (37%) of the labeled material remained in the circulation. this circulating form of lps was not toxic, even when reextracted with phenol, and remained in the circulation when reinjected into mice. furthermore, toxic and nontoxic constituents were directly isolated in vitro by hydrophobic gel chromatography o ... | 1993 | 8418160 |
| oral immunization of mice and swine with an attenuated salmonella choleraesuis [delta cya-12 delta(crp-cdt)19] mutant containing a recombinant plasmid. | salmonella choleraesuis chi 3781, an attenuated [delta cya-12 delta(crp-cdt)19] mutant, was electroporated with the plasmid pba31-r7, which codes for the expression of a 31-kda protein from brucella abortus (bcsp31). recombinant s. choleraesuis chi 3781 stably maintained the pba31-r7 plasmid and continued to express the cloned protein following recovery of the organism from orally inoculated animals. unlike previous studies using s. typhimurium chi 4064(pba31-r7), s. choleraesuis chi 3781(pba31- ... | 1993 | 8423090 |
| molecular mechanism of the regulation of expression of plasmid-encoded mouse bacteremia (mba) genes in salmonella serovar choleraesuis. | the regulation of mouse bacteremia genes (mba genes) encoded by a 6.4 kb region on the 50 kb virulence plasmid (pkdsc50) of salmonella serovar choleraesuis was analyzed. the genes mba1, mba2, mba3, and mba4, are arranged in this order, and form a cluster located in the 6.4 kb mba region. we prepared four antibodies, each specific for an individual mba protein, using synthetic peptides as antigens. their amino acid sequences were deduced from the dna sequence of the corresponding mba genes. each ... | 1993 | 8437568 |
| molecular analysis of the 3,6-dideoxyhexose pathway genes of yersinia pseudotuberculosis serogroup iia. | salmonella enterica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis are the only examples in nature known to use a variety of 3,6-dideoxyhexose derivatives as o antigen constituents. to allow a comparison of the responsible biosynthetic genes of the two organisms, we have sequenced a section of the y. pseudotuberculosis serogroup iia rfb region that contained the genes for the abequose biosynthetic pathway. comparison of the identified genes with the rfb region of s. enterica lt2 showed that the two dideoxyhexo ... | 1993 | 8444803 |
| salmonella choleraesuis pneumonia in a cat without signs of gastrointestinal tract disease. | primary salmonella choleraesuis pneumonia without enteric manifestations was diagnosed in an 8-year-old cat. the diagnosis was based on culture of the organism from bronchial brushings. pathogens were not isolated from multiple fecal samples. the cat initially responded to treatment with sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim, but relapsed after the owner discontinued treatment because of difficulty in administration. treatment with ampicillin, followed by amoxicillin, resulted in complete resolution of ... | 1993 | 8468222 |
| different appearance of gamma delta t cells during salmonellosis between ityr and itys mice. | ity gene, which is believed to be a single gene on proximal mouse chromosome 1, determines susceptibility to salmonella infection. we have recently demonstrated that the gamma delta t cells specific for purified protein derivative appear at the early stage after infection with salmonella choleraesuis strain 31n-1 (avirulent strain) in mice. in the present study, we compared the appearance of the gamma delta t cells in ityr and itys mice after infection with s. choleraesuis in an attempt to eluci ... | 1993 | 8468480 |
| purification and characterization of three carboxylesterases from enterobacteriaceae. | the carboxylesterases from proteus vulgaris, salmonella enterica and citrobacter amalonaticus were purified 104-, 95- and 120-fold, respectively by chromatography. the enzymes had similar catalytic activities but differed considerably in their inactivation by heat, di-isopropyl fluorophosphate and cd2+, zn2+, hg2+ and cu2+. quantitative neutralization of hydrolytic activity with specific immunoglobulins indicated that the three enzymes were antigenically distinct. | 1993 | 8472928 |
| molecular analysis of spv virulence genes of the salmonella virulence plasmids. | genes on an 8 kb region common to the virulence plasmids of several serovars of salmonella are sufficient to replace the entire plasmid in enabling systemic infection in animal models. this virulence region encompasses five genes which previously have been designated with different names from each investigating laboratory. a common nomenclature has been devised for the five genes, i.e. spv for salmonella plasmid virulence. the first gene, spvr, encodes a positive activator for the following four ... | 1993 | 8483415 |
| [enteric fever caused by multiresistant salmonella typhi: 2 autochthonous cases]. | references about isolation of strains of salmonella typhi multiply resistant to antimicrobials and native from spain are very scant. we describe here two cases of typhoid fever produced by two identical strains of salmonella typhi. both strains are multiresistant and autochthonous, judging from epidemiological investigations. | 1993 | 8512972 |
| [outbreaks of food poisonings of microbial and parasitic origins]. | in order to know the agents and foods related more frequently with food-borne disease outbreaks, we reviewed all the outbreaks studied between 1980 and 1989 by the national laboratory of public health. a total of 79 outbreaks of food-borne diseases of microbial origin were reviewed. the causative agent was identified in 50 (73%) outbreaks. twenty-four per cent of the outbreaks occurred in parties, 10.3 per cent in school or nurseries, 8.6 per cent in restaurants and 8.6 per cent in hospitals. st ... | 1993 | 8235891 |
| identification of six open reading frames in the salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. typhi viab locus involved in vi antigen production. | 1993 | 8248629 | |
| short-term treatment of traveler's diarrhea with norfloxacin: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study during two seasons. | clinical efficacy of norfloxacin for treatment of traveler's diarrhea in 106 finnish tourists vacationing in morocco was evaluated during two different seasons. when the criteria for diagnosis of traveler's diarrhea were fulfilled, norfloxacin (400 mg) or a placebo was given orally, twice daily for 3 days. all symptoms and signs subsided sooner in the norfloxacin group. the clearest difference was observed in the duration of diarrhea: 1.2 days in the norfloxacin group vs. 3.3 days in the placebo ... | 1993 | 8268363 |
| purification, characterization, and high performance liquid chromatography assay of salmonella glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase from the cloned rfbf gene. | we report the purification and characterization of glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase, the first of five enzymes committed to biosynthesis of cdp-d-abequose from salmonella enterica strain lt2. the purification was greatly facilitated by using a cloned rfbf gene encoding this enzyme. pure enzyme was obtained by 64-fold enrichment in three chromatography steps. the nh2-terminal sequence of the purified enzyme was in agreement with the sequence predicted from the nucleotide sequence of the r ... | 1994 | 8276783 |
| [epidemiological studies in 2 episodes of food poisoning by salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis and the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of the epidemic strains]. | 1994 | 8611233 | |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, pasteurella multocida and salmonella choleraesuis isolates from pigs. | the in vitro susceptibility of 839 isolates of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, 969 isolates of pasteurella multocida and 104 isolates of salmonella choleraesuis from pigs to the fluoroquinolone danofloxacin, and eight other commonly used antimicrobial drugs was determined by veterinary diagnostic laboratories in europe, japan, south africa and north america between 1989 and 1991, by using a broth microdilution technique. the minimum inhibitory concentrations of danofloxacin, amoxycillin, ceftio ... | 1994 | 8128570 |
| intermediate filament-like network formed in vitro by a bacterial coiled coil protein. | the tlpa protein encoded by the virulence plasmid of salmonella enterica is an alpha-helical 371-amino acid protein possessing characteristics similar to eukaryotic coiled coil proteins (koski, p., saarilahti, h., sukupolvi, s., taira, s., rikkonen, p., osterlund, k., hurme, r., and rhen, m. (1992) j. biol. chem. 267, 12258-12265). in this paper we have investigated inter- and intramolecular associations and the morphology of structures formed by tlpa. dynamics and temperature stability of tlpa ... | 1994 | 8144657 |
| recombinational basis of serovar diversity in salmonella enterica. | the flic gene, which encodes phase 1 flagellin, was sequenced in strains of 15 salmonella enterica serovars expressing flagellar antigenic factors of the g series. the occurrence of each of the flagellin serotypes g,m, m,t, and g,z51 in distantly related strains is the result of horizontal exchange of dna, as indicated by identity or close similarity in nucleotide sequence of all or parts of the antigenic factor-determining central region of flic. the flagellin genes of some serovars are complex ... | 1994 | 8146152 |
| photochemical inactivation of pathogenic bacteria in human platelet concentrates. | platelet concentrates (pc) may be infrequently contaminated with low levels of bacteria that can cause septicemia and death in patients receiving transfusion therapy. we evaluated the efficacy of a photochemical decontamination (pcd) technique using 8-methoxypsoralen (8-mop) and long wavelength uv light (uva) to inactivate bacteria in standard therapeutic pc. twelve phylogenetically distinct pathogenic bacteria, 5 gram-positive and 7 gram-negative organisms, were seeded into pc to a final challe ... | 1994 | 8167348 |
| characterization of the dtdp-rhamnose biosynthetic genes encoded in the rfb locus of shigella flexneri. | the nucleotide sequence of the proximal half of the rfb region of shigella flexneri has been determined, and the genes encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of dtdp-rhamnose have been identified. these genes show strong homology to the rfb genes encoding dtdp-rhamnose biosynthesis in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (strain lt2) and s. enterica serovar anatum (strain m32) (jiang et al., 1991; wang et al., 1992). an open reading frame upstream of rfbb was also identified which enco ... | 1994 | 8170390 |
| the characterization of danish isolates of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis by phage typing and plasmid profiling: 1980-1990. | plasmid profiling, phage typing and antimicrobial resistance typing have been carried out on 736 isolates of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis collected in denmark during the period 1980 to 1990. strains originated from cases of human salmonellosis, broiler poultry flocks, layer poultry flocks, quarantined imported poultry, environmental samples from hatchery units, and from bovines. phage type (pt) 1 was found to be the most common type among isolates of poultry origin (57.6%) followed by ... | 1994 | 8185887 |
| sendai virus pneumonia: evidence for the early recruitment of gamma delta t cells during the disease course. | we previously reported that gamma delta t cells appeared and could play a protective role early in infections with intracellular bacteria such as listeria monocytogenes, mycobacterium bovis bcg, and salmonella choleraesuis. to extend these findings to virus infection, we examined the developmental sequence of gamma delta t cells in bronchoalveolar lavage during the course of sendai virus infection in c57bl/6 mice. to produce a natural but nonlethal infection course as far as possible, we used a ... | 1994 | 8189536 |
| molecular genetic basis of allelic polymorphism in malate dehydrogenase (mdh) in natural populations of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica. | nucleotide sequences of the mdh gene encoding the metabolic enzyme malate dehydrogenase (mdh) were determined for 44 strains representing the major lineages of escherichia coli and the eight subspecies of salmonella enterica. sequence diversity was four times greater in s. enterica than in e. coli, and in both species the rate of amino acid substitution was lower in the nad(+)-binding domain than in the catalytic domain. divergence of the mdh genes of the two species apparently has not involved ... | 1994 | 8108402 |
| [the isolation of mutant salmonella cholerae-suis with the cya and crp phenotypes and a study of their biological properties]. | 1994 | 7879548 | |
| clonal lines of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis documented by is200-, ribo-, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and rflp typing. | sixty-two selected strains of salmonella serotype enteritidis of 33 phage types (pts), and one strain classified as rdnc, were characterised by four different chromosomally based typing methods to elucidate genetic relationships among strains of different phage types. based on is200-hybridisation patterns, two major groups, containing strains of the most commonly encountered phage types, and six minor groups (seven with the rdnc strain included) were observed. is200 pattern was a stable epidemio ... | 1994 | 7904649 |
| immersion disinfection of irreversible hydrocolloid impressions with sodium hypochlorite. part i: microbiology. | current american dental association infection control guidelines recommend immersion disinfection of irreversible hydrocolloid impressions, and this study further defines the parameters for use of sodium hypochlorite. sodium hypochlorite has been shown to be an effective disinfectant for impressions; however, it has not been fully evaluated for optimum immersion time and concentration. in this study, irreversible hydrocolloid impressions contaminated with different bacteria were immersed in vary ... | 1994 | 7916888 |
| salmonella typhimurium phage types from human salmonellosis in denmark 1988-1993. | a total of 989 isolates of salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar typhimurium from cases of human salmonellosis were investigated by phage typing. the isolates comprised all isolates recovered during the month of august in each of the years from 1988 to 1993. phage typing assigned 82.6% of the strains to 36 different definitive types, 11.9% of the strains belonged to types of unknown lysis pattern (rdnc), and 5.5% could not be typed by the phages used (nt). three phage types (12, 66 and 110) ... | 1994 | 7917221 |
| intergeneric transfer and recombination of the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase gene (gnd) in enteric bacteria. | the gnd gene, encoding 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.44), was sequenced in 87 strains of 15 species assigned to five nominal genera of the enterobacteriaceae, including 36 isolates of salmonella enterica and 32 strains of escherichia coli. in s. enterica, the effective (realized) rate of recombination of horizontally transferred gnd sequences is only moderately higher than the rates for other chromosomal housekeeping genes. in contrast, recombination at gnd has occurred with such hi ... | 1994 | 7937867 |
| genomic lineage of salmonella enterica serovar dublin. | thirty five strains of the host adapted salmonella serotype dublin (s. dublin) have been characterized by is200 patterns, ribotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), restriction fragment polymorphism after hybridization with five randomly cloned dna-fragments of s. enteritidis (rflp), and plasmid profiling in order to divide the strains into 'genomic lines'. for comparison, 20 other strains of 9 different group-d serotypes were included. the is200 patterns were identical in all strains ... | 1994 | 7941292 |
| in vitro synthesis of cdp-d-abequose using salmonella enzymes of cloned rfb genes. production of cdp-6-deoxy-d-xylo-4-hexulose, cdp-3,6-dideoxy-d-xylo-4-hexulose and cdp-3,6-dideoxy-d-galactose, and isolation by hplc. | in vitro enzymic synthesis of cdp-d-[u-14c]abequose, cdp-6-deoxy-d-xylo-4-hexulose and cdp-3,6-dideoxy-d-xylo-4-hexulose was achieved using enzymes from cell extracts of cultures of escherichia coli strains harbouring and expressing genes of the rfb gene cluster of salmonella enterica lt2. from an initial synthesis step, cdp-6-deoxy-d-xylo-4-hexulose was isolated after 30 min reaction, using cdp-d-glucose, nad and cdp-glucose 4.6-dehydratase, followed by protein precipitation and desalting by ge ... | 1994 | 7957223 |
| epidemic dissemination of salmonella enterica spp. enterica serovar bovismorbificans in southern italy in the years 1989-1991. | epidemic strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar bovismorbificans isolated in southern italy during the years 1989-1991 were submitted to a molecular epidemiological study in comparison with isolates identified in the years 1980-1988 in the same geographic area. genomic dna fragments obtained by digestion with bgli or eco ri hybridized with escherichia coli rrna to produce three distinct, but highly related patterns. ribotype 1, which had never been identified before 1989, was fou ... | 1994 | 7957796 |
| [study of 2 food poisoning outbreaks in mora (toledo) with the same source of infection]. | the occurrence of an outbreak needs an immediate investigation, because on it depends the necessary measures to control the spread of the epidemic, and it is also the way of knowing the causal factor. we present the results of the investigation of two food poisoning outbreaks (outbreak a and outbreak b) occurred in mora (toledo). both outbreaks were reported at the same time, the source of infection was the same and the total number of exposed people was 620. | 1994 | 7618037 |
| use of ribotyping, is200 typing and plasmid analysis for the identification of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine strain zoosaloral h and its differentiation from wild type strains of the same serovar. | fifty salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) isolates obtained from one vaccinated and three non-vaccinated poultry flocks as well as the commercially available vaccine strain zoosaloral h and a s. typhimurium reference strain were characterized genotypically to differentiate between s. typhimurium live vaccine strain zoosaloral h and wild type strains of the same serovar. ribotyping revealed five different patterns one of which exclusively occurred in the vacci ... | 1994 | 7727890 |
| reactive arthritis following an outbreak of salmonella infection in finland. | the incidence and clinical features of reactive arthritis (rea) following an outbreak of enteritis caused by salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar 4,5,12:b:-were studied in the autumn of 1992. the outbreak occurred in several municipalities and originated from sprouted mung beans. a questionnaire on extra-enteric manifestations such as joint and eye symptoms was mailed 2 to 5 months after the outbreak to all bacteriologically proven cases. two hundred and forty-six of the 272 (90%) subjects ... | 1994 | 8000742 |
| molecular analysis of the rfb gene cluster of a group d2 salmonella enterica strain: evidence for its origin from an insertion sequence-mediated recombination event between group e and d1 strains. | the salmonella enterica o antigen is a highly variable surface polysaccharide composed of a repeated oligosaccharide (the o unit). the o unit produced by serogroup d2 has structural features in common with those of groups d1 and e1, and hybridization studies had previously suggested that the d2 rfb gene cluster responsible for o-unit biosynthesis is indeed a hybrid of the two. in this study, the rfb gene cluster was cloned from a group d2 strain of s. enterica sv. strasbourg. mapping, hybridizat ... | 1994 | 8021222 |
| isolations of salmonella choleraesuis var kunzendorf from swine herds in southwestern ontario (1980-1993). | 1994 | 8050078 | |
| regulation of spvr gene expression of salmonella virulence plasmid pkdsc50 in salmonella choleraesuis serovar choleraesuis. | the expression regulation of spvr, a regulatory gene on the virulence plasmid (pkdsc50) of salmonella choleraesuis serovar choleraesuis, was investigated by spvr-lacz translational fusion. the spvr gene was found to be positively regulated by its own product, the spvr protein, and this unusual positive autoregulation was repressed by the products of spva and spvb, virulence-associated genes present downstream from the spvr gene. amino acid sequence analysis revealed that the amino-terminal regio ... | 1994 | 8052129 |
| in vitro adhesion and invasion of salmonella enterica serovar havana. | a total of 132 isolates of the havana serovar of salmonela enterica were studied for their adhesion to and invasion of hela cells in the presence of d-mannose. a total of 124 (93.9%) isolates were adherent, and 51% of these were invasive. of these 124 strains 82 (66%) adhered to hela cells with a pattern typical for enteroaggregative (eagg) escherichia coli whereas the remaining 34% adhered in a non-aggregative (non-eagg) pattern. of the 82 strains showing the eagg pattern 60% were invasive wher ... | 1994 | 8057827 |
| increased occurrence of kcn-resistant salmonella strains. | 104 kcn-resistant salmonella strains were detected among 1391 strains typed (7.4%) during the first 7 months in 1993. in particular salmonella enterica strains of subspecies i isolated from humans and foods exhibited this character. those kcn-resistant salmonella strains did not belong to a special antigen formula. the second flagellar phase could not be detected in most of these strains. kcn resistance does not seem to be plasmid-encoded. | 1994 | 8061418 |
| studies of the biosynthesis of 3,6-dideoxyhexoses: molecular cloning and characterization of the asc (ascarylose) region from yersinia pseudotuberculosis serogroup va. | the 3,6-dideoxyhexoses are found in the lipopolysaccharides of gram-negative bacteria, where they have been shown to be the dominant antigenic determinants. of the five 3,6-dideoxyhexoses known to occur naturally, four have been found in various strains of salmonella enterica (abequose, tyvelose, paratose, and colitose) and all five, including ascarylose, are present among the serotypes of yersinia pseudotuberculosis. although there exists one report of the cloning of the rfb region harboring th ... | 1994 | 8071227 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoretic identification of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium live vaccine strain zoosaloral h. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (salm. typhimurium) live vaccine strain zoosaloral h was characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). each of the two suitable restriction enzymes, xbai and spei, produced a unique restriction fragment pattern for this live vaccine strain which was not shared by field isolates of the same serovar. the characteristic fragment pattern proved to be stable during a 22 month observation period and was also not altered after animal p ... | 1994 | 7765707 |
| immersion disinfection of irreversible hydrocolloid impressions. part 1: microbiology. | this study evaluated the effectiveness of four disinfectants for irreversible hydrocolloid impressions. impressions were made of a sterile metal model of the maxillary arch that had been contaminated with one of the following bacteria: staphylococcus aureus, salmonella choleraesuis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, mycobacterium bovis, or bacillus subtilis. the impressions were cultured before and after immersion in one of the following disinfectants: lodofive, omc ii, 0.525% sodium hypochlorite, or alci ... | 1994 | 7802909 |
| molecular evolution in the gnd locus of salmonella enterica. | the gnd gene, the structural gene for 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, was sequenced and analyzed in 34 isolates from different serovars of the seven subspecies of salmonella enterica to provide comparative information on the evolution in this gene, which has been studied extensively in escherichia coli. the gene tree obtained by the neighbor-joining method in general gave separate branches for each subspecies, with the few exceptions readily explained by recombination. there is evidence of rec ... | 1994 | 7815922 |
| evidence for effect of random genetic drift on g+c content after lateral transfer of fucose pathway genes to escherichia coli k-12. | the cps cluster of escherichia coli k-12 comprises genes involved in synthesis of capsular polysaccharide colanic acid. part of the e. coli k-12 cps region has been cloned and sequenced and compared to its salmonella enterica lt2 counterpart. the cps genes from the two organisms are homologous; in the case of the lt2 genes, with g+c content of 0.61 and codons characteristic of high g+c species, it seems clear that they have been acquired relatively recently by lateral transfer from a high g+c sp ... | 1994 | 7815923 |
| development of a conjoint phage typing & biotyping schema for salmonella enterica serovar senftenberg (s. senftenberg) & the correlation of biotypes with phage types. | a total of 287 strains of s. senftenberg received from various parts of india during 1969 to 1992 were phage typed using six lysogenic phages. the typability was 90.3 per cent and 14 different phage types could be defined excluding a small group of untypable strains. a biotyping scheme was developed utilising six characters and 13 biotypes could be defined. stern's glycerol medium proved to be the best discriminatory medium. diversity indeces of phage typing and biotyping schemes were 0.868 and ... | 1994 | 7829162 |
| [tetracycline-resistant plasmid of salmonella enteritidis isolated in kumamoto city]. | we isolated salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis serovar. enteritidis (s. enteritidis) from a mass of cases which broke out in september, 1991 in kumamoto city. the isolates were shown to hold plasmids on which a tetracycline (tc)-resistant gene was located. the plasmid, about 9 kb in size, was capable of expressing the gene in escherichia coli, unstable in s. enteritidis and escherichia coli. thus in order to investigate the creeping prevalence of the tc-resistant plasmid in kumamoto cit ... | 1994 | 7829903 |
| [presentation of salmonellosis in the tandil district, argentina]. | from january 1990 to july 1992 a prospective study on the salmonellosis form of presentation, reservoirs and transmission in tandil was carried out. forty strains of salmonella enterica were isolated with the following distribution: 28 humans (17 children and 11 adults), 6 in foods (1 in raw milk, 3 in well water, 1 in home made mayonnaise and 1 in chicken salad) and 6 in animals (1 in cow, 2 in chicken and 2 in calves). salmonella enteritidis was the most frequent isolate. disease was evident o ... | 1994 | 7838978 |
| characterization of the rfc region of shigella flexneri. | the o antigen of the shigella flexneri lipopolysaccharide (lps) is an important virulence determinant and immunogen. we have isolated s. flexneri mutants which produce a semi-rough lps by using an o-antigen-specific phage, sf6c. western immunoblotting was used to show that the lps produced by the semi-rough mutants contained only one o-antigen repeat unit. thus, the mutants are deficient in production of the o-antigen polymerase and were termed rfc mutants. complementation experiments were used ... | 1994 | 7507920 |
| a plasmid-encoded rfbo:54 gene cluster is required for biosynthesis of the o:54 antigen in salmonella enterica serovar borreze. | previous studies demonstrated that the presence of a 7-8 kb plasmid is correlated with expression of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) o:54 antigen in several salmonella enterica serovars. in this study, a 6.7 kb plasmid from a field isolate of s. enterica serovar borreze was shown to encode enzymes responsible for the synthesis of the o:54 polysaccharide. curing the plasmid results in simultaneous loss of smooth o-polysaccharide-substituted lps molecules and o:54 serotype. sds-page analysis of other ... | 1994 | 7512186 |
| cloning and analysis of duplicated rfbm and rfbk genes involved in the formation of gdp-mannose in escherichia coli o9:k30 and participation of rfb genes in the synthesis of the group i k30 capsular polysaccharide. | the rfbo9 gene cluster, which is responsible for the synthesis of the lipopolysaccharide o9 antigen, was cloned from escherichia coli o9:k30. the gnd gene, encoding 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, was identified adjacent to the rfbo9 cluster, and by dna sequence analysis the gene order gnd-rfbm-rfbk was established. this order differs from that described for other members of the family enterobacteriaceae. nucleotide sequence analysis was used to identify the rfbk and rfbm genes, encoding phosp ... | 1994 | 7515042 |
| genetic analysis of the o-specific lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis region (rfb) of escherichia coli k-12 w3110: identification of genes that confer group 6 specificity to shigella flexneri serotypes y and 4a. | we recently reported a novel genetic locus located in the sbcb-his region of the chromosomal map of escherichia coli k-12 which directs the expression of group 6-positive phenotype in shigella flexneri lipopolysaccharide, presumably due to the transfer of o-acetyl groups onto rhamnose residues of the s. flexneri o-specific polysaccharide (z. yao, h. liu, and m. a. valvano, j. bacteriol. 174:7500-7508, 1992). in this study, we identified the genetic region encoding group 6 specificity as part of ... | 1994 | 7517390 |
| involvement of the galactosyl-1-phosphate transferase encoded by the salmonella enterica rfbp gene in o-antigen subunit processing. | rfbt of salmonella enterica lt2 was previously thought, together with rfal, to be involved in the ligation of polymerized o antigen to core-lipid a, and three mutants were known. we report the mapping of the mutations to rfbp, the galactosyl-1-phosphate transferase gene, which is now shown to encode a bifunctional protein. the mutations which have the former rfbt phenotype are referred to as rfbp(t). we also show that rfbp(t) mutants are not blocked in the ligation step as previously believed bu ... | 1994 | 7517393 |
| usefulness of molecular genetic markers in the typing of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis causing a food-borne outbreak. | a combination of serotyping-phagetyping and three molecular genetic markers (plasmid analysis, chromosomic dna restriction pattern and ribosomal rna gene restriction pattern or ribotyping) was used in the typing of salmonella enterica causing a food-borne outbreak. the isolates analysed, 29 from stools and eight from foods, belonging to serovar enteritidis-phagetype a, carried a 36-mda plasmid, showed a similar dna restriction pattern and the same ribopattern. these data indicate that only one s ... | 1994 | 7521196 |
| phage types of salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar typhimurium isolated from production animals and humans in denmark. | s. typhimurium is one of the 2 most common salmonella serotypes causing human salmonellosis in denmark. in order to illustrate the significance of different production animals as a source of infection, 1461 isolates were characterized by phage typing. the isolates originated from human patients and from cattle, pigs and poultry. by phage typing the isolates could be separated in 35 different phage types. five types (10, 12, 66, 110 and 135) predominated and comprised 78.8% of the isolates. in hu ... | 1994 | 7676916 |
| salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum biovar gallinarum in layers: epidemiological investigations of a recent outbreak in denmark. | despite the fact that no firm evidence was obtained, epidemiological investigations of a recent danish outbreak of fowl typhoid indicated that the infection might have been introduced by contaminated crates from a german slaughterhouse. fourteen danish and five german isolates of salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum biovar gallinarum obtained from recent outbreaks in denmark and germany were characterized by phenotypic and genomic methods. phenotypic characters, plasmid profiling, plasmid rest ... | 1994 | 18671116 |
| a retrospective case-control study of risk factors associated with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis infections on dutch broiler breeder farms. | the organized control of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis (se) in the dutch poultry sector aims to prevent vertical transmission by the top-down approach, but its effectiveness is now undermined by the increasing role of horizontal transmission, so that preventive hygiene on the poultry farm gains significant importance. in order to assess the actual level of preventive hygiene and to identify risk factors, an inquiry was held among a representative number of broiler breed ... | 1995 | 18645784 |
| molecular, genetic, and topological characterization of o-antigen chain length regulation in shigella flexneri. | the rfb region of shigella flexneri encodes the proteins required to synthesize the o-antigen component of its cell surface lipopolysaccharides (lps). we have previously reported that a region adjacent to rfb was involved in regulating the length distribution of the o-antigen polysaccharide chains (d. f. macpherson et al., mol. microbiol. 5:1491-1499, 1991). the gene responsible has been identified in escherichia coli o75 (called rol [r. a. batchelor et al., j. bacteriol. 173:5699-5704, 1991]) a ... | 1995 | 7532168 |
| transferases of o-antigen biosynthesis in salmonella enterica: dideoxyhexosyltransferases of groups b and c2 and acetyltransferase of group c2. | the o antigen is a polymer of oligosaccharide units. o antigens differ in their sugar composition and glycosidic linkages, and genes responsible for o-antigen-specific biosynthesis are grouped in the rfb gene cluster. in this study, we identified two abequosyltransferase genes and an acetyltransferase gene in salmonella enterica groups b and c2 by in vitro assay and identified paratosyl-, tyvelosyl-, and abequosyltransferase genes from s. enterica groups a and d and yersinia pseudotuberculosis s ... | 1995 | 7541787 |
| lateral transfer of rfb genes: a mobilizable cole1-type plasmid carries the rfbo:54 (o:54 antigen biosynthesis) gene cluster from salmonella enterica serovar borreze. | plasmid pwq799 is a 6.9-kb plasmid isolated from salmonella enterica serovar borreze. our previous studies have shown that the plasmid contains a functional biosynthetic gene cluster for the expression of the o:54 lipopolysaccharide o-antigen of this serovar. the minimal replicon functions of pwq799 have been defined, and a comparison with nucleotide and protein databases revealed this replicon to be virtually identical to cole1. this is the first report of involvement of cole1-related plasmids ... | 1995 | 7545154 |
| effects of in vivo administration of anti-il-10 monoclonal antibody on the host defence mechanism against murine salmonella infection. | interleukin-10 (il-10) is a cytokine that regulates various macrophage functions. to elucidate the involvement of endogenous il-10 in the early stage of murine salmonellosis, we examined the effect of anti-il-10 monoclonal antibody (mab) administration on the host defence mechanism against salmonella choleraesuis infection. the in vivo administration of anti-il-10 mab significantly enhanced host resistance at the early stage of salmonella infection, as assessed by bacterial growth in the periton ... | 1995 | 7558125 |
| hard surface carrier test as a quantitative test of disinfection: a collaborative study. | the hard surface carrier test (hsct) recently was proposed as a qualitative test for disinfectant efficacy. a collaborative study of hsct led to a suggested performance standard of < or = 2 or 3 positive carriers out of 60 tested. subsequently, it was discovered that hsct can be used as a quantitative test, because the hsct protocol requires measurement of inoculum level on some carriers. the data allow estimation of the log10 reduction in number of active bacteria. producers, consumers, and pol ... | 1995 | 7580324 |
| sequence and analysis of the o antigen gene (rfb) cluster of escherichia coli o111. | the o antigens found in salmonella enterica (se) and escherichia coli (ec) show a great deal of diversity, and only three structures are known to be common to both genera. two of them contain the 3,6-dideoxyheoxse colitose, not found in other serogroups of the two species. the first of these is common to ec o111 and se o:35 (sv adelaide); the other is found in both ec o55 and se o:50 (sv greenside). the genes specific for the synthesis of o antigen are generally located in the rfb gene cluster a ... | 1995 | 7590310 |
| transcriptional regulation and promoter sequence of the spvr gene of virulence plasmid pkdsc50 in salmonella choleraesuis serovar choleraesuis. | the transcript of the spvr gene on the virulence plasmid, pkdsc50, of salmonella choleraesuis serovar choleraesuis was detected for the first time by northern blot analysis, and the transcriptional regulation of the spvr gene was investigated. the transcription of the spvr was negatively regulated by spva and spvb, and enhanced at stationary phase under control of a sigma factor rpos (sigma 38). the spvr transcript was 2.4 kilonucleotides in salmonella cells, and deduced to encode spvr and spva, ... | 1995 | 7607404 |
| serologic studies of experimentally induced salmonella choleraesuis var kunzendorf infection in pigs. | two indirect elisa containing outer membrane protein (omp) and lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigens from a field isolate of salmonella choleraesuis var kunzendorf were developed and evaluated in experimentally infected and uninfected control pigs. experimentally induced infection with s choleraesuis was successfully established in 10 pigs by oral inoculation with 10(8) organisms, and 3 pigs died of clinical salmonellosis at postinoculation (pi) weeks 1, 2, and 4. swab specimens from tonsils, nostri ... | 1995 | 7486393 |
| comparison of mics of ceftiofur and other antimicrobial agents against bacterial pathogens of swine from the united states, canada, and denmark. | the mics of ceftiofur and other antimicrobial agents, tested for comparison, for 515 bacterial isolates of pigs from the united states, canada, and denmark with various diseases were compared. the organisms tested included actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, escherichia coli, pasteurella multocida, salmonella choleraesuis, salmonella typhimurium, streptococcus suis, streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis, streptococcus equi subsp. equi, and streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. in additio ... | 1995 | 7494042 |
| the distribution of serotype-specific plasmids among different subgroups of strains of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis: characterization of molecular variants by restriction enzyme fragmentation patterns. | four hundred and thirty-four isolates of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis were studied. they were grouped into five subsets defined by either the collection criteria or the parameter which formed the basis for subsequent analysis. seventy-seven per cent harboured the serotype-specific plasmid (ssp). in 55% of the isolates this was the sole plasmid. molecular variation in the ssp was detected in 17 (5%) of the isolates on the basis of restriction enzyme fragmentation pattern (refp) analys ... | 1995 | 7867741 |
| the sixth and seventh cholera pandemics are due to independent clones separately derived from environmental, nontoxigenic, non-o1 vibrio cholerae. | the dna sequences of the asd genes from 45 isolates of vibrio cholerae (19 clinical o1 isolates, 2 environmental nontoxigenic o1 isolates, and 24 isolates with different non-o1 antigens) were determined. no differences were found within either sixth- or seventh-pandemic isolates; however, variation was found between the two forms and among the non-o1 isolates. o139 isolates had sequences identical to those of seventh-pandemic isolates. phylogenetic trees with vibrio mimicus as the outgroup sugge ... | 1995 | 7768818 |
| genotypic and phenotypic analysis of salmonella strains associated with an outbreak of equine neonatal salmonellosis. | isolates of salmonella choleraesuis serotype ohio (s. ohio) recovered during an outbreak of equine neonatal salmonellosis on a thoroughbred farm were compared with isolates of the same serotype from various animal, feed and environmental sources. biochemical profiles, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, phage susceptibility, plasmid profiles, restriction endonuclease analysis and ribotyping were used to compare relatedness of the strains. a total of 46 outbreak and non-outbreak associated iso ... | 1995 | 7740753 |
| septicemic salmonellosis in two llamas. | at necropsy, salmonella choleraesuis var kunzendorf was recovered from the lungs of a 6-year-old female llama that died within a few days of onset of illness. the llama had had fence-line contact with 40 sows at a farm. salmonella typhimurium was isolated from a blood sample of a 6-day-old male cria that also died after a short illness. | 1995 | 7744668 |
| nucleotide sequence of iaga and iagb genes involved in invasion of hela cells by salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. typhi. | 1995 | 7754225 | |
| epidemiological evaluation by pcr ribotyping of sporadic and outbreak-associated strains of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. | salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium has a very large diffusion worldwide within human and non-human hosts. the simultaneous circulation in the same geographical areas of many bacterial clones requires the use of reliable, reproducible and highly discriminatory typing techniques for epidemiological studies. molecular biological methods, such as plasmid profile analysis, restriction endonuclease digestion of plasmid and chromosomal dna and hybridization-based procedures have proven to be usef ... | 1995 | 7754232 |
| [characteristics of biological properties of salmonella choleraesuis and salmonella typhisuis serovars]. | 1995 | 7757368 |