Publications

gradual reintroduction of full-strength milk after acute gastroenteritis in children.	46 children (26 boys and 20 girls) admitted with mild acute gastroenteritis were randomly allocated to a regimen of continuing on full-strength milk, or to one of taking clear fluids until the diarrhoea settled before full-strength milk was reintroduced either immediately, or gradually in quarter-strength steps. there was no difference in length of hospital stay between the three groups.	1979	86003
biophysical properties of a non-cultivable 29-nm enteric virus.	a 29 nm non-cultivable virus (ncv) was detected in faecal extracts from children hospitalized for gastroenteritis. the ncv had a density of 1.35 g/ml in glycerol-potassium tartrate density gradients and was resistant to degradation by proteolytic enzymes, non-ionic detergents and ph extremes. the surface of these virus particles had knob-like projections which appeared to have a symmetrical arrangement. when heated to 56 degrees c, the virus was completely degraded to soluble components which co ...	1979	43359
cell free transcription and translation of rotavirus rna.		1979	88940
simian rotavirus (sa 11) in serodiagnosis of human rotavirus infections.	tests were made on 169 sera from children up to 10 years of age for rotavirus antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence and complement fixation tests. the simian strain sa 11 served as a substitute antigen for the human rotavirus. furthermore, the sa 11 complement-fixing antigen was compared with a commercial antigen of the bovine rotavirus strain ncdv. it was demonstrated that sa 11 which can be more easily propagated than most bovine strains, may be used as a substitute antigen in complement f ...	1979	86940
the rotavirus syndrome.		1979	89290
isolation and cell culture propagation of rotaviruses from turkeys and chickens.	rotaviruses were detected by electron microscopy in the faeces of turkey poults and broiler chickens with diarrhoea. apparently symptomless infection was also observed in broilers. the avian rotaviruses could not be isolated in cell cultures by conventional techniques, but were adapted to serial growth in chick cell cultures following trypsin treatment of the virus and the cells. immunofluorescence studies showed that the avian and mammalian rotaviruses are antigenically related. antibodies to r ...	1979	92979
infantile gastroenteritis virus.	the authors demonstrated presence of virus particles of 55--75 nm manifesting morphological properties of the virus of infantile gastroenteritis (rotavirus, orbivirus, reo-like virus) by means of the electron microscopy, when investigating samples of stools of children sufferring from non-bacterial diarrheal diseases. stool extracts were incubated with commercial gamma globulins or with convalescent sera provoking formation of extensive immunocomplexes. the complexes do not form when stool extra ...	1979	118211
epidemiology of diarrhoeal diseases in singapore.	diarrhoeal diseases in the form of bacterial food poisoning are prevalent in singapore. common food poisoning organisms implicated were staphylococcus aureus, non-thypoid salmonellae and vibrio parahaemolyticus. el tor cholera, believed to be introduced through intra-regional trade and travel, occurred sporadically with a common source outbreak, probably food-borne, in september 1978. shigellosis and amoebiasis were mainly confined to areas where poor personal hygiene was prevalent. the incidenc ...	1979	120734
[rotavirus infections in cattle herds in northern germany: demonstration by electron microscopy and virus isolation in cell culture (author's transl)].		1979	217579
viral gastroenteritis in children.		1979	217132
role of norwalk virus in outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis.	twenty-five separate outbreaks of nonbacterial gastrointestinal illnesses were studied serologically for evidence of infection with the norwalk virus and the rotaviruses that affect humans. eight of 25 outbreaks appeared to be related to the norwalk virus. in one of the 25 outbreaks, there was evidence of rotavirus infection. these observations suggest that the norwalk virus or serologically related agents play an important role in epidemic nonbacterial gastroenteritis in adults and older childr ...	1979	220341
rotaviral immunity in gnotobiotic calves: heterologous resistance to human virus induced by bovine virus.	the possibility of immunizing human infants against rotaviruses, which cause severe dehydrating diarrheal disease, may depend on the use of a related rotavirus, derived from another animal species, as a source of antigen. to test the feasibility of this approach, calves were infected in utero with a bovine rotavirus and challenged with bovine or human type 2 rotavirus shortly after birth. infection in utero with bovine rotavirus induced resistance to diarrheal disease caused by the human virus a ...	1979	216077
structural and functional abnormalities of the small intestine in infants and young children with rotavirus enteritis.	structural and functional alterations in duodenal mucosa from 17 children with rotavirus enteritis were assessed. structural changes were found in specimens from all patients. patients with the most severe mucosal damage were more likely to require intravenous therapy to correct dehydration. depression of one or more mucosal disaccharidases was found in 14 of 16 patients. repeat duodenal biopsy three to eight weeks later in six patients showed marked improvement. the study clearly shows that rot ...	1979	217231
s-iga cholera toxin and rotavirus antibody in human colostrum.	s-iga antibodies against cholera toxin and rotavirus were assayed in 43 colostral samples by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). all specimens contained specific s-iga antibodies against both antigens. significant antibody titres to the antigens were demonstrated in almost all colostral samples.	1979	217230
rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants and young children.	the electronmicroscopic examination of stool samples from 18 infants and young children with gastroenteritis, hospitalized at the clinic of infectious diseases in prague, was carried out. in ten children rotavirus was found in the faeces and the bacteriological findings were negative. rotavirus particles were aggregated by convalescent child sera and by normal human gamma globulin. the clinical picture was characterized by the sudden onset of vomiting and fever, in one case with febrile convulsi ...	1979	217837
[rotaviruses, the etiological agent of gastroenteritis].		1979	217181
[rotavirus infections in children (author's transl)].	in 43 out of 90 children suffering from acute gastroenteritis rotaviruses could be identified in stool-specimens by electronmicroscopy. symptoms were watery diarrhoea (100%), vomiting (88%), fever (77%), dehydration (47%) and upper respiratory tract infection (21%). in 3 out of 9 patients liver involvement could be documented. in 29 children i.v.-fluid therapy for 1-2 days was necessary. only in 1 patient severe diarrhoea persisted for 11 days.	1979	215817
["indigestion" in infants mostly virus infections].		1979	218376
antibodies to viral gastroenteritis viruses in crohn's disease.	antibody prevalence and titer to rotavirus and norwalk virus were studied in crohn's disease patients and in age-, sex-, and time-matched controls. there were no significant antibody differences between the groups studied.	1979	215490
use of antisera against bovine (ncdv) and simian (sa11) rotaviruses in elisa to detect different types of human rotavirus.	two elisa systems for the detection of human rotaviruses were developed. in the first system antibodies to nebraska calf diarrhea virus (ncdv) were used for coating the solid matrix and for the preparation of the enzyme conjugate. in the second system antibodies to human rotavirus and antibodies to simian rotavirus (sa11) were used for coating the solid matrix and for the preparation of the enzyme conjugate respectively. the second elisa system proved to have a broader spectrum for the detection ...	1979	94274
persistence of antibodies to rotavirus in human milk.	human milk obtained from 21 american nursing mothers was studied for the presence of secretory immunoglobulin a antibody to rotavirus, the most common etiological agent of infantile gastroenteritis. antibody was quantitated by adaptation of a recently described solid-phase radioimmunoassay technique that employs simian rotavirus as a convenient substitute antigen for human rotavirus. of the mothers tested, 80% (12 of 15) possessed milk antibody within a week of parturition, whereas 56% of those ...	1979	219020
complement-fixing immunoglobulin m antibody response in patients with infantile gastroenteritis.	complement-fixing immunoglobulin m antibody to infantile gastroenteritis virus (a rotavirus) was detected with highest sensitivity when the antibody-antigen-complement mixture was incubated at 37 degrees c for 1 h prior to the addition of sensitized sheep erythrocytes. sucrose gradient centrifugation of sera collected sequentially from four patients after infection detected 19s complement-fixing antibody up to 5 weeks, with highest titers at 1 week, after the onset of illness. treatment of the w ...	1979	219023
viruses in the stools.	it has long been possible to isolate viruses from the stools by culture, though the viruses found are rarely implicated in disease of the gut. in contrast, only recently has it been possible to identify viruses in the stools of patients with diarrhoea. initially, such identifications were made by electron microscopy but the unsuitability of the microscope for large-scale screening has led to the development of other methods. the new methods have concentrated on rotaviruses but other viruses are ...	1979	219041
etiology of infantile enteritis in south africa.	infantile enteritis constitutes a major health problem in developing countries. several investigations into the etiology of this condition among various south african populations have been undertaken during the past few years. recent studies of black urban infants have revealed that salmonellae, shigellae, enterotoxigenic enterobacteriaceae, and rotaviruses play a relatively minor role in infantile enteritis. on the other hand, all studies, including a number performed several years ago, have de ...	1979	221438
rotaviral diarrhea in pigs: brief review.	rotavirus is a name given to a group of viruses that have similar characteristics and are generally capable of causing diarrhea in the young. infection of pigs with porcine rotavirus is common and widespread and can result in diarrhea, especially in 1- to 4-week-old pigs. this virus is frequently associated with a diarrheal syndrome popularity known as "white scours," "milk scours," or "3-week-old scours." pigs less than 1 week old are infrequently infected, presumably because of adequate passiv ...	1979	217858
an out-break of acute gastroenteritis due to rotavirus in an infant home.	in december 1976, an outbreak of acute infectious diarrhea occurred among infants who resided in an infant home in the city of sapporo. rotavirus infection was proved in 42 (90%) of 47 infants by serologic and/or electron microscopic examinations. out of 42 infected infants 38(90%) were clinically affected; diarrhea with or without vomiting in 27 (64%), vomiting without diarrhea in 6 (14%) and only febrile episode in 5 (12%). the remaining 4(10%) infants showed no symptoms. clinical manifestatio ...	1979	220751
comparison of results using electron microscope, immunodiffusion and fluorescent antibody analyses to detect rotavirus in diarrheic fecal samples of calves.	seventy-nine diarrheic calf fecal samples were examined by electron microscopy, immunodiffusion and the fluorescent antibody technique for the presence of rotavirus (reovirus-like agent). thirty-eight (48%) of the samples were positive by electron microscopy, 59% by immunodiffusion and 20% positive by fluorescent antibody technique analyses. another 9% were suspect-positive by fluorescent antibody technique. chymotrypsin treatment of the fecal samples increased the ease of observing the viral pa ...	1979	218708
the calf reo-like virus (rotavirus) vaccine: an ineffective immunization agent for rotaviral diarrhea of piglets.	rotavirus, in a commercially available calf vaccine, did not replicate in newborn colostrum-free piglets inoculated orally with one half of a calf dose. gross and microscopic examination of these vaccinated piglets revealed no lesions consistent with rotaviral infection and vaccinated piglets were susceptible to challenge by porcine rotavirus. challenged piglets vomited, had diarrhea and became severely dehydrated. rotavirus was visualized in their gut fluid. villi in the small intestines were s ...	1979	218709
[gastroenteritis in children].		1979	218099
small intestinal morphology and epithelial cell kinetics in lamb rotavirus infections.	morphologic changes in the small intestine of rotavirus-infected gnotobiotic lambs were investigated by measurement of villi and crypts in histologic sections of jejunum, midgut, and posterior ileum. in midgut, villus atrophy developed within 12 hr of infection and was apparent until 72 hr after infection. crypt hypertrophy was evident from 42 hr after infection until the end of the observation period (6 days after infection). changes in posterior ileum were similar in extent, but jejunal change ...	1979	218864
travelers' diarrhea among u.s. army troops in south korea.	a prospective study of diarrhea was conducted among 98 u.s. army soldiers during their first six weeks in south korea. diarrhea developed in 54 (55%) of 98 soldiers and had a mean duration of five days. infections with salmonella, shigella, vibrio, enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, enteroviruses, and intestinal parasites were uncommon. four (8%) of 50 soldiers with documented diarrhea, two (6%) or 32 with a history of diarrhea, and one (3%) of 29 who denied gastrointestinal symptoms had serologi ...	1979	220334
a survey for rotavirus antibodies in papua new guinea cattle.		1979	220948
polypeptides of bovine rotavirus.	polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of bovine rotavirus or neonatal calf diarrhoea virus (ncdv) grown in cell culture resolved eight species of polypeptide. the inner shell particles contained five polypeptides and the outer shell three polypeptides. a major polypeptide of the outer shell was glycosylated. the infectivity of ncdv was enhanced by treatment with trypsin in vitro. all eight polypeptides were affected by trypsin treatment as judged by diminished intensity of polypeptide bands by radi ...	1979	225424
rotavirus and coronavirus associated diarrhoea in domestic animals.		1979	221870
quantitative observations on experimental reo-like virus (rotavirus) infection in colostrum-deprived calves.	ten calves were challenged with one of two strains of reo-like virus (rotavirus). changes in the daily faecal and urinary outputs were monitored and packed cell volume, plasma sodium, potassium and urea levels were measured. faeces were examined for the presence of rotavirus by direct electron microscopy and immunofluorescence in cultures of pk(15) cells. all calves excreted rotavirus in the faeces for several days. two calves remained clinically normal throughout the experiment, but in the rema ...	1979	222036
a rotavirus from kittens.		1979	222038
rotavirus infection in adults. results of a prospective family study.	to study the epidemiologic and clinical features of rotavirus infections, we enrolled 98 families in a prospective study of diarrhea in households with newborn children. families were seen at three-month intervals and whenever ill. the mean follow-up period was 16.4 months. rotavirus infections were documented by electron microscopy of feces, indirect fluorescent-antibody assays in serum or both. the 43 infections identified in adults represented an attack rate of 0.17 per adult per year. ninety ...	1979	221816
epidemic viral gastroenteritis.	epidemic viral gastroenteritis is a significant world wide problem. in developed countries, gastroenteritis accounts for significant morbidity and loss of time from work; in the third world it is the leading cause of mortality among infants and children. recent technologic advances have been associated with an explosion of research activity. two virus groups, the norwalk-like agents and the rotaviruses, are currently accepted as causative agents of viral gastroenteritis in man. the problem of vi ...	1979	222141
comparison of the genomes of simian, bovine, and human rotaviruses by gel electrophoresis and detection of genomic variation among bovine isolates.	by co-electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels, the segmented double-standed rna genome of the simian rotavirus, sa 11, was compared with those of human and bovine rotaviruses. a comparison between sa 11 virus and the northern ireland cell culture adapted bovine virus showed that the electrophoretic mobilities of each of the 11 corresponding segments differed. in other comparisons, four to seven segment variations were more common. when the genomes of various bovine rotaviruses were compared, eigh ...	1979	225545
[rotavirus diarrhea in childhood].	electron microscopy of 350 diarrhoeal faeces revealed rotavirus-particles in 145 cases. all patients with rotavirus-infections showed symptoms of acute gastroenteritis lasting 1 to 8 days. additionally to diarrhoea most cases presented fever and vomiting. none of the patients showed toxicosis.	1979	225599
diarrhea associated with rotavirus in rural guatemala: a longitudinal study of 24 infants and young children.	a population of 24 infants and young children followed prospectively during the first 3 years of life was studied for the occurrence of rotavirus infection by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect virus in stools. infection with rotavirus was associated with 26 (14.2%) of 183 selected diarrheal episodes. twenty of the 24 infants and young children had diarrhea associated with rotavirus on at least one occasion and six had two such episodes. rotavirus infection was documented in over ...	1979	222155
recurrent attack of rotavirus gastroenteritis after adenovirus-induced diarrhoea.	a 14-month-old baby boy suffered a second attack of rotavirus gastroenteritis within one month of the initial one. the second attack followed a diarrhoeal episode associated with adenovirus. gastrointestinal symptoms in the second attack were more severe than those of the first. the adenovirus-associated enteritis was mild compared with the illness in both episodes of rotavirus infection.	1979	224825
[diagnosis of rotavirus by electron microscopy and the conjugated enzyme linked immunosorbent test (elisa)].		1979	222309
[rotaviruses: origin of acute gastroenteriteis in newborns and infants].		1979	222566
oral rehydration and maintenance of children with rotavirus and bacterial diarrhoeas.	the outcome of administering ort (oral rehydration therapy) to 62 infants admitted to a costa rican hospital with acute rotavirus or bacterial diarrheas and with 5-10% dehydration was described. 94% of the infants were successfully treated by administering only ort. there were no significant differences in the success rates for rotavirus diarrhea patients and for various bacterial diarrhea patients. success rates were 92% for rotavirus patients, 93% for escherichia coli patients, 96% for idio ...	1979	225048
production of high-titer bovine rotavirus with trypsin.	titers of bovine rotavirus in excess of 10(9) immunofluorescent infectious units per ml of culture fluids have been produced, using trypsin treatment of the virus. infectivity of preparations of the virus can be increased with as little as 1 ng of trypsin per ml, with maximum increases of 1 to 2 log10 with 1 microgram of trypsin per ml. the virus grows to titers in excess of 10(5) immunofluorescent units per ml in mdbk, llc-mk2, ma-104, and hela cells. when mdbk cells are infected with a multipl ...	1979	222801
enhancement of antigen incorporation and infectivity of cell cultures by human rotavirus.	infection of cell cultures with human rotavirus preparations was attempted and the effects of trypsin and low-speed centrifugation on antigen incorporation, as demonstrated by immunofluorescence and radioimmunoassay, were determined. in addition, the effect of viral aggregation on antigen incorporation was investigated by filtering viral preparations. four strains of human rotavirus were employed, and the results were compared to those obtained with two tissue culture-adapted animal rotaviruses. ...	1979	222805
a plaque assay for the simian rotavirus saii.	a sensitive, quantitative and reproducible plaque assay for the measurement of the simian rotavirus saii is described. plaque formation required the presence of the facilitators pancreatin or trypsin and diethylaminoethyl-dextran in the agar overlay. saii produced plaques in three continuous primate cell lines: ma-104, cv-1 and llc-mk2. ma-104 cells were the most sensitive.	1979	225432
diarrhea and rotavirus infection associated with differing regimens for postnatal care of newborn babies.	surveillance of 2,041 babies born during 4 winter months in one obstetric hospital in melbourne, australia, showed that 215 developed acute diarrhea during the first 2 weeks of life. babies requiring special care from birth had a high incidence of sporadic diarrhea (36%). the incidence of diarrhea among healthy full-term babies was low if they were "rooming-in" with their mothers (2 to 3%) but high if they were housed in communal nurseries (29%). the most important factor influencing incidence o ...	1979	222807
[virusenteritis in childhood (author's transl)].	about 20% of infantile enteritis are caused by bacterial infections. the most cases of non bacterial infantile enteritis are supposed to be viral infections. arguments for the existence of enterotropic viruses arised the first time in 1943. since the middle of the fifties, various kinds of enteroviruses are known to be causative agents of infantile gastroenteritis. the same is true occasionally for some types of adenovirus. in 1973 the norwalk-agent was discovered provocing enteritis mainly in a ...	1979	222939
a simple immunofluorescent technique for the detection of human rotavirus.	if trypsin is incorporated in the tissue culture medium it is possible to carry out a sensitive immunofluorescence assay for the presence of human rotavirus. the enhanced effect of trypsin is negated by serum. it has also been established that naturally occurring enzymes in faeces enable some virus to penetrate tissue culture cells. the role of these naturally occurring enzymes in the pathogenesis of rotavirus infection is discussed.	1979	225439
[viral and bacterial etiology of infantile gastroenteritis cases: clinical characterization].		1979	223230
rotaviruses in diarrheic feces of a dog.		1979	223269
prevalence of neutralizing antibody to the calf rotavirus in new york cattle.	in march 1973, a modified live virus vaccine was released for sale in the united states for the protection of neonatal calves from infection with calf rotavirus. at that time no published evidence existed that this agent was present in new york or the new england states. serum neutralizing antibodies for the calf rotavirus (reovirus-like agent of neonatal calf diarrhea) were detected in serum from 108 of 110 dairy cattle in new york state representing 78 different herds. to exclude the possibili ...	1979	225124
etiology of gastroenteritis among americans living in the philippines.	between december 1975 and june 1976, american military personnel with diarrhea who were seen at an outpatient clinic at clark air force base hospital were investigated to determine the etiology of their disease. enterotoxigenic escherichia coli were detected in 16% (18/115), rotavirus in 4% (4/111), salmonellae in 3% (3/115), shigellae in 2% (2/115) and giardia lamblia in 2% (3/152) of patients with diarrhea. thus from only 27% of the subjects studied were identifiable potential pathogenic agent ...	1979	375723
viral intestinal infections of animals and man.		1979	232863
acute diarrheal infections in infants. i. epidemiology, treatment, and prospects for immunoprophylaxis.	epidemiologic differences that appear to be geographic or climatic actually relate more closely to socioeconomics and sanitation. regardless of etiology, the major management problems are those of dehydration and its sequelae. progress toward development of antibacterial and antiviral vaccines is discussed. next month the viral and bacterial agents that cause diarrheal infections will be reviewed.	1979	511128
[immunoelectron microscopic observation of the incidence of rotaviruses in the stools of children with gastroenteritis (author's transl)].		1979	232672
[epidemiological and clinical significance of rotoviruses].		1979	232752
[detection of rotavirus antigen in stools by double-gel diffusion technique (author's transl)].		1979	233056
the isolation and cultivation of calf rotavirus in the republic of south africa.	calf rotavirus was cultivated and propagated in tissue culture from faeces of 3-week-old calves suffering from severe diarrhoea. criteria for viral involvement were: production of cytopathic effect in primary foetal calf kidney cells, specific fluorescence, and identification of the agent by means of electron microscopy. in a limited serological survey the majority of the cows on an infested farm were found to possess neutralizing antibodies to the local rotavirus strain.	1979	233145
rotavirus in diarrhoeic calves in iran.		1979	233279
rotavirus infection in a domestic cat.		1979	233280
[pediatric aspects of acute infectious diarrhea].		1979	233399
antibodies to rotavirus infection in singapore children.		1979	232890
rota virus infections of domestic animals and humans.		1979	233385
isolation of cytopathogenic rotavirus from neonatal calves.	rotavirus was isolated in rolled calf kidney cultures from the intestinal contents of a calf suffering from diarrhoea. the cytopathic effect was demonstrated in native cultures as well as in stained preparations. the affected cells were elongated, became sickle-like in shape, disintegrated and detached from the monolayer. virus-specific direct immunofluorescence ran parallel, in both time and intensity, with the cytopathic effects. immuno-electron microscopy showed aggregated virus particles cor ...	1979	232369
[experiments to obtain and test a cell-culture rotavirus-precipitating antigen].	the location of the rotaviral precipitating antigen and the possibility for its production from cattle rotaviral strains adapted on cell cultures of calf kidney were investigated. highest titer antigen was produced by concentration with ammonium sulfate simultaneously from the maintaining medium and from the cell monolayer. comparative studies on the antigenic and physico-chemical properties of the cell-cultural and the faeces rotaviral precipitating antigen were made. the identity of both antig ...	1979	232949
detection of antigens and igm antibodies for rapid diagnosis of viral infections: a who memorandum.	this memorandum describes recent progress in the development of simplified and rapid laboratory technology and reviews currently available methods for the direct detection of viral antigens in clinical material and/or quantification of specific igm antibody in acute serum specimens. particular emphasis is given to such infections as viral hepatitis, rotavirus gastroenteritis, viral infections of the skin, genital, and respiratory tracts, and rabies. in addition, the standardization and quality c ...	1979	394872
intestinal immunity and vaccine development: a who memorandum.	as part of the research component of the who diarrhoeal diseases control programme, a scientific working group met in august 1978 to review recent advances in knowledge of intestinal immunity, the application of genetic techniques in enteric vaccine development, the status of currently available immunizing agents against cholera, typhoid fever, and shigella dysentery, and the prospects for the development of new or improved vaccines against the well known and newly recognized agents such as rota ...	1979	396051
detection of rotavirus from faeces by reversed passive haemagglutination method.		1979	229131
epidemiological and virological studies on outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis associated with rotavirus in primary schools in osaka.	there have been three recent outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in primary schools in osaka prefecture caused by rotavirus: one in a school (ta) in april, 1974 and two in two other schools (te and k) in may 1975. the morbidity from the disease was 2.4--15.8% for all age groups in the schools, and 20.1--34.1% for a certain age group. the disease lasted for 4 (k) to 14 days (te). the first cases in schools ta and te were followed by successive cases. the main clinical symptoms were higher frequenc ...	1979	231434
[rota virus infection in the newborn and infant -- epidemiological aspects (author's transl)].	in a total of 406 sera an age-dependent pattern of complement fixing antibodies against rotavirus (nebraska calf diarrhea virus) was found: 85% of the adults had antibodies, infants in the second half-year of life had the lowest percentage (42%). thereupon a rotavirus survey was carried out in a newborn ward by means of electron microscopy, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and complement fixation test during three weeks in january/february 1978. a chronically high infection rate was discovered. ...	1979	229307
[rotavirus gastro-enteritis in infants (author's transl)].	deviation of complement antibodies were studied in 630 hospitalized infants aged from 0 to 4 years suffering from rotavirus gastro-enteritis, over a period of one year. seroconversion was observed in 30 cases out of the 256 infants in whom 2 serological samples were taken. in 29 cases out of 30, these rotavirus infections occurred in infants under 18 months of age, and they were all seen during ther period from november to march, rotavirus being responsible for one third of the gastro-enteritis ...	1979	227090
common exposure outbreak of gastroenteritis due to type 2 rotavirus with high secondary attack rate within families.	a sharp outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with human rotavirus type 2 involved not only all of nine infants and young children in a playgroup but also seven of 10 parents and grandparents studied. the source of the outbreak appeared to be two non-playgroup siblings. six of 11 individuals studied shed human rotavirus type 2, and each of seven from whom paired sera were obtained developed a type 2 sero-response. overall, evidence of infection with rotavirus type 2 was demonstrated in 10 of 11 ...	1979	227970
electron microscopic examination of primate feces for rotaviruses.	using electron microscopic procedures known to be capable of detecting rotaviruses, feces from both human and nonhuman primates were examined for the presence of these viruses. fecal samples were taken from man and animals with and without diarrhea. rotaviruses were not observed in these specimens.	1979	229338
[serologic detection of rotavirus infection in swine from the region of brittany (author's transl)].	indirect immunofluorescence (micromethod) was used to detect antirotavirus antibodies. sera (166) were collected on adult pigs at slaughterhouse in the following french departments: finistere, morbihan and ille et vilaine. antibodies were detected in 83% of the samples.	1979	231922
comparison of electron microscopy, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, solid-phase radioimmunoassay, and indirect immunofluorescence for detection of human rotavirus antigen in faeces.	four techniques were compared for their practicability, speed, and sensitivity for the detection of human rotavirus. radioimmunoassay (ria) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) were found to be the most sensitive means of identifying rotavirus, and, once processed, up to 40 specimens could be examined daily. electron microscopy, although less sensitive than these techniques, had the advantage of being able to detect other viral agents present in faecal extracts. indirect immunofluoresce ...	1979	227941
viral gastroenteritis.		1979	228348
structure of rotaviruses as studied by the freeze-drying technique.		1979	228484
rotavirus and coronavirus-like particles in aboriginal and non-aboriginal neonates in kalgoorlie and alice springs.	in a series of six-month surveys carried out in kalgoorlie and alice springs hospitals, rotavirus was infrequently detected both in aboriginal and in non-aboriginal neonates. coronavirus-like particles were also detected infrequently, but they were found more often in aboriginal than in non-aboriginal neonates. the surveys did not detect any 28-nm virus-like particles.	1979	229391
[virological and serological study of rotavirus gastroenteritis].	cases of acute gastroenteritis with negative bacteriological analyses were examined. preparations of feces collected from patients in the acute stage of the disease were found by immune electron microscopy to contain typical rotavirus particles forming specific aggregates in the presence of convalescent sera. examinations of paired acute and convalescent sera of the patients revealed the presence in convalescent sera of specific antibodies neutralizing simian rotavirus sa 11 antigenically relate ...	1979	225885
[human rotavirus in cell culture: its isolation and passage].	rotavirus was isolated from feces of patients and passaged in green monkey kidney cell subculture using the factors affecting the initiation of infection of tissue culture cells with human rotavirus. the effective factors were found to include the presence of low concentrations of trypsin in the infected culture and virus centrifugation of a cell layer which agreed with the data by almeida et al. (1978) and shoub and bertran (1978) obtained in other cell systems. immune electron microscopy was u ...	1979	225886
an epidemic of gastroenteritis in auckland 1978.	during an epidemic of gastroenteritis which spread throughout new zealand in 1978, 372 cases of nonbacterial illness were documented in children in auckland during the months of june and july. a brief account is given of the clinical picture observed. evidence from virological techniques suggests that some if not all cases were due to rotavirus. the severity of illness may have been greater than most observers to date have noted. from our observations we raise the possibility of air-borne spread ...	1979	229441
two strains of human rotavirus in auckland.	polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of human rotavirus rna has identified at least two distinct strains of virus currently circulating in auckland. the sensitivity of the method both for detecting rotavirus infection and for identifying variation in rotavirus strains is discussed.	1979	229442
[cultivation of rotavirus, agent of neonatal diarrhea in calves].		1979	229623
[rotavirus diarrhea in young infants].	clinical and serological studies were made in 62 children with various purulent infections, who were placed in the same hospital unit. the precipitation test with the antigen of monkey virus sa-11 showed that diarrhea in 32 of these children was etiologically linked with rotaviruses. the diagnostic titers of virus antibodies were detected in children having diarrhea 5.5 times as frequently as in the control group. the characteristic feature in the clinical picture of this diarrhea was the absenc ...	1979	229664
a morphological study of human rotavirus.	human rotavirus has a characteristic icosahedral structure which has a honeycomb-like appearance on the surface of the smooth particles and 42 polygonal capsomeres in the rough particles.	1979	229794
rotabirus infection in private practice in nairobi city.		1979	230020
rotavirus antibody assays on monkey sera: a comparison of enzyme immunoassay with neutralization and complement-fixation tests.	an enzyme immunoassay (eia) for the detection of rotaviral antibodies was developed, using a purified, cell culture-grown sa 11 viral antigen and alkaline phosphatase as an enzyme label. this technique was evaluated by comparative testing with tube neutralization and complement-fixation assays on a collection of simian sera. there was close correlation between positive and negative results obtained by eia and by neutralization. the eia was as easy to perform as complement fixation testing, but s ...	1979	230760
enteric adenoviruses: detection, replication, and significance.	adenoviruses can be demonstrated readily in the stools of pediatric gastroenteritis patients by electron microscopy or counterimmunoelectrophoresis, but in 45% of these cases the virus will not grow in cell culture. indirect immunofluorescence microscopy can be used to detect nongrowing strains of adenovirus; these strains have a unique single-cell fluorescence pattern. hematoxylin and eosin staining reveals adenovirus-like inclusion bodies in the same distribution as fluorescent cells. pretreat ...	1979	231050
a solid-phase system (space) for the detection and quantification of rotavirus in faeces.	this report describes the development of a solid-phase haemadsorption system using chromic chloride-linked, antibody coated erythrocytes. it is proposed to call this technique solid phase aggregation of coupled erythrocytes (space). the system is suitable for the detection of virus antigens, such as from rotavirus infections, which are present in 'dirty' or 'mixed' preparations such as faeces, urine or exudates. the test uses microtitre u-form plates coated with specific antivirus antibody; faec ...	1979	231086
prevalence of rotavirus infection in neonates.		1979	232081
experimental infection of pigs with belgian isolates of the porcine rotavirus.		1979	231875
viruses and diarrhoea.		1979	231336
[structure of calf rotavirus. 1. hydrodynamic and electron microscopic parameters of the virus].	rotavirus was isolated from the faeces of calves afflicted with diarrhoea and purified. isolation was preceded by chloroform treatment, oxide wax a-precipitation, as well as differential and density gradient centrifugation. virus density in cscl solution was 1.38 +/- 0.01 g/ml. cell culture virus prepared without chloroform (nebraska-type isolation) would be 1.37 +/- 0.01 g/ml in density, for comparison. the mean capsid diameters measured were 55 nm and 60 nm, sedimentation coefficents being bet ...	1979	231417
rotaviruses and the respiratory tract.		1979	231474
antibody to rotavirus in various animal species.		1979	231743
[electron microscopy in the diagnosis of rotavirus infection (author's transl)].		1979	232009
virus detection in monkeys with diarrhea: the association of adenoviruses with diarrhea and the possible role of rotaviruses.	to explore the role of viruses in the etiology of diarrhea in colony-reared monkeys, direct electron microscopy, the fluorescent virus precipitin test and cell culture inoculation were used to examine the stools of monkeys with and without diarrhea. the animals were predominantly rhesus with a few macaques of other species, and included infants, juveniles and adults. adenoviruses were isolated from a higher proportion of specimens from rhesus monkeys with diarrhea (73% of specimens from infants ...	1979	229340