Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| african swine fever virus encodes a gene with extensive homology to type ii dna topoisomerases. | nucleotide sequencing of a virulent african swine fever virus (asfv) isolate (malawi lil20/1) identified an open reading frame of 1191 amino acid residues encoding a protein of 134.9 kda. this gene mapped to the sali i and j restriction endonuclease fragments of the asfv genome. the predicted polypeptide was found to share 21.1% identity over a 1077 amino acid region with the human type ii dna topoisomerase. the sequence is compared to other type ii dna topoisomerases and the possible roles in a ... | 1992 | 1335084 |
| analysis of t lymphocyte subsets proliferating in response to infective and uv-inactivated african swine fever viruses. | the proliferative response to infective and uv-inactivated african swine fever virus was analyzed in cells from pigs surviving an experimental infection with attenuated virus. all the pigs showed strong dose-dependent proliferative responses to both infective and uv-inactivated virus. this response was also observed when nitrocellulose-bound solubilized virus proteins were used in the assay. heterologous isolates also induced proliferation, however it was significantly lower than that induced by ... | 1992 | 1362304 |
| analysis of the specificity of the salivary antigens of ornithodoros erraticus for the purpose of serological detection of swine farms harbouring the parasite. | in spain, considerable efforts are currently being devoted to the eradication of ornithodoros erraticus from the swine farms harbouring this parasite, the european vector of african swine fever (asf). however, to do so, a preliminary requirement is to determine on which farms it is present. of all possible methods for discovering this, the only one feasible for large scale application is the serological detection of swine bearing anti-o. erraticus antibodies. to apply serology it was necessary t ... | 1992 | 1373884 |
| flow cytometric analysis of african swine fever virus-induced plasma membrane proteins and their humoral immune response in infected pigs. | african swine fever (asf) virus-induced plasma membrane proteins may contribute to the protective immune response against the disease since they can be involved in the antibody-mediated lysis of infected cells. in this study we describe the regulation of asf virus-induced plasma membrane protein expression and its antibody induction in pigs after viral infection by flow cytometric analysis. more than 80% of infected cells contained viral antigens on the surface membranes at 6 hr postinfection (h ... | 1992 | 1376539 |
| african swine fever virus infection in the iberian soft tick, ornithodoros (pavlovskyella) marocanus (acari: argasidae). | one thousand six hundred ornithodoros (pavlovskyella) marocanus velu larvae were fed on a pig infected with african swine fever virus (titer: 10(7.4) had50/ml), and 1,600 larvae were fed on an uninfected pig. ticks in each group were compared for mortality rates, mean time to death for ticks that died, mean time from feeding to either molting or eclosion, percentage of ticks that eclosed or molted, and the number of blood meals per nymph or instar. cumulative virus-induced mortality for all imma ... | 1992 | 1404269 |
| transcriptional analysis of multigene family 110 of african swine fever virus. | a transcriptional analysis of the 3.2-kb region of the african swine fever virus genome containing the five members of the multigene family 110 is presented. the mrnas corresponding to the genes studied have short leader sequences with no intervening aug codons before the translational start site, and their 3' ends map within a conserved sequence motif formed by a stretch of seven or more consecutive thymidylate residues. the possible role of this sequence as a signal for the 3'-end formation of ... | 1992 | 1404609 |
| african swine fever virus-induced dna polymerase is resistant to aphidicolin. | african swine fever virus (asfv) induces the synthesis of a virus-specific dna polymerase, which is inhibited by phosphonoacetic acid and cytosine arabinoside. in contrast to all other alpha-like dna polymerases of dna viruses, asfv-specific dna polymerase is resistant to aphidicolin. concentrations of the drug as high as 160 microm had no effect on virus production or plaquing efficiency. the resistance of asfv dna polymerase to aphidicolin was confirmed by analyzing the effect of the drug on v ... | 1992 | 1413523 |
| distribution of asfv antigens in pig tissues experimentally infected with two different spanish virus isolates. | lymph nodes, spleen, liver, lung and kidney obtained from pigs experimentally infected with two african swine fever virus (asfv) isolates of differing virulence were fixed by perfusion with glutaraldehyde and embedded in paraffin. an immunoperoxidase technique using a polyclonal anti-asfv serum was performed on tissue sections in order to detect asfv antigen. the distribution of asfv antigen in such infected organs is shown and the differences between both infections compared and discussed. mono ... | 1992 | 1414093 |
| localization of african swine fever viral antigen, swine igm, igg and c1q in lung and liver tissues of experimentally infected pigs. | an immunohistological study was carried out on lungs and livers of pigs experimentally infected with two different african swine fever virus (asfv) isolates. asfv antigen, swine immunoglobulins (igm and igg) and (clq) complement were demonstrated in both organs at different stages of infection. the asfv antigen was mainly found in mononuclear phagocytic system (mps) cells. immunoglobulins and complement were observed in plasma, infected and non-infected phagocytic cells and cell debris. these fi ... | 1992 | 1430349 |
| molecular characterisation of a dna ligase gene of the extremely thermophilic archaeon desulfurolobus ambivalens shows close phylogenetic relationship to eukaryotic ligases. | a 3382 bp fragment containing a gene for a dna ligase from the extremely thermophilic, acidophilic, and facultatively anaerobic archaeon (archaebacterium) desulfurolobus ambivalens was cloned and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence (600 amino acids, 67619 molecular weight) showed 30-34% sequence identity with the atp-dependent eucaryal (eukaryotic) dna ligases of schizosaccharomyces pombe, saccharomyces cerevisiae, the human dna ligase i, and with the vaccinia dna ligase. distant similari ... | 1992 | 1437556 |
| [polypeptides p14 and p31 of the african swine fever virus--early proteins located on the membrane of the infected cell]. | african swine fever virus polypeptides p14 and p31 are synthesized in the presence of phosphonacetic acid which inhibits viral dna replication, and therefore they are early viral proteins. these polypeptides were found to be localized on plasma membranes by immunofluorescence with monospecific antisera and monoclonal antibodies and by selective solubilization of infected cells. the p14-specific antibodies mediate complement-dependent cytolysis and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity of the cells inf ... | 1992 | 1441444 |
| [immune reactions to the african swine fever virus]. | host immune reactions to african swine fever virus variants differing in their virulence were studied comparatively. their obvious variabilities in antibody induction to some polypeptides active in antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity and cytotoxic t-lymphocytes were demonstrated. t-helpers of immune pig splenocytes were found to recognize the cells infected with avirulent but not virulent virus variants. the described differences were not connected with the changes in sla-1 antigen expression i ... | 1992 | 1441445 |
| does hiv cause aids? a review. | it would require a detailed knowledge of virology, molecular biology, epidemiology, clinical medicine and politics, to appropriately compare and contrast the hypotheses on the causes of aids. the purpose of this review was not to do that, but to inform colleagues that alternative etiologies for aids have been considered. no doubt, this healthy questioning will continue until it has been demonstrated--via controlled studies of high-risk groups (both hiv positive and negative), matched for all oth ... | 1992 | 1458356 |
| african swine fever virus infection in the soft tick, ornithodoros (alectorobius) puertoricensis (acari: argasidae). | in total, 1,186 second instar ornithodoros (alectorobius) puertoricensis fox second instars were fed on a pig when it had a viremia of 10(5.2) hemadsorption units (had50/ml) and 420 second-instar o. puertoricensis were fed on an uninfected pig. subsequent blood meals for ticks in both groups were from uninfected pigs. the effects of african swine fever virus (asfv) infection on o. puertoricensis populations were evaluated for the following parameters: mortality; mean time to death; percentage mo ... | 1992 | 1460641 |
| approaches to the identification of non-essential genes of african swine fever virus. | it is poorly understood why vaccines could not be developed for the control and prevention of african swine fever (asf) virus infection. the aim of our study was to identify genes non-essential for asf virus replication because there were indications that certain viral gene products, which apparently are non-essential for viral replication, conferred protection from death due to asf. a cosmid library representing the genome of asf virus strain france 64 was established and characterized. then, i ... | 1992 | 1481351 |
| analyses of the primary in vitro responsiveness of non-immune porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells with reference to immunization by african swine fever virus antigen and treatment with leucine methyl ester. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from non-immune pigs were immunized in vitro using african swine fever (asf) virus antigen with concomitant mitogenic stimulations known to have varying effects on b and t lymphocyte activity. none of these conditions, including those previously reported as being successful for the in vitro immunization of non-immune porcine pbmc with asf virus antigen, supported the induction of specific antibody. due to the reports on in vitro immunization of human pbm ... | 1992 | 1487303 |
| experimental transmission of african swine fever virus by the soft tick ornithodoros (pavlovskyella) marocanus (acari: ixodoidea: argasidae). | a total of 1,600 ornithodoros (pavlovskyella) marcocanus larvae were fed on a pig with a viremia of 10(7.4) had50/ml of african swine fever virus (asfv). infected larvae were sampled daily for 15 d, and nymphs were sampled at least once per instar until they became adults. initial titers of 10(4.48) had50 per larva declined to 10(4.04) within 2 d. larval titers reached a maximum of 10(6.0) had50 per larva 10 d after the infective blood meal. nymphs of each instar were fed on a susceptible pig an ... | 1992 | 1495075 |
| detection of african swine fever viral antigens in paraffin-embedded tissues by use of immunohistologic methods and polyclonal antibodies. | tissues obtained from pigs inoculated with african swine fever virus (asfv), fixed by vascular perfusion using glutaraldehyde, and embedded in paraffin or araldite were used for an immunohistologic electron microscopic study. to detect asfv antigens, 4 methods were used on paraffin sections with or without pretreatment of the tissues. use of biotinylated anti-asfv antiserum combined with avidin-biotin complex and peroxidase proved to be the most suitable method, and antigen was detected in tissu ... | 1992 | 1510327 |
| a sensitive dot immunobinding assay for serodiagnosis of african swine fever virus with application in field conditions. | the present work describes a simple dot immunobinding assay (dia) for african swine fever virus (asfv) antibody detection that can be used under field conditions. the assay uses nitrocellulose strips dotted with a cytoplasmic soluble antigen (cs-p) of asfv. the nitrocellulose strips are adhered to a plastic handle. the test serum samples react with the cs-p, and antibodies are detected using a protein a-peroxidase conjugate. both incubations are carried out at 20 c. the efficacy of the dia as a ... | 1992 | 1515486 |
| expression in vivo and in vitro of the major structural protein (vp73) of african swine fever virus. | the vp73 protein was produced by in vitro transcription and translation from the xho i-bam hi fragment located between the cla i-n and cla i-h fragments of the viral genome. this dna fragment encodes a late mrna of about 2.6 kb detected in infected ms monkey and bhk hamster cells. the transcript was initiated at a site within two bases upstream of the translation initiation codon. the in vitro synthesized polypeptide shows the same molecular weight as the in vivo synthesized polypeptide, suggest ... | 1992 | 1550491 |
| modulation of splenic macrophages, and swine leukocyte antigen (sla) and viral antigen expression following african swine fever virus (asfv) inoculation. | expression of viral and major histocompatibility complex (mhc) antigens and localization of t cells and macrophages was studied in frozen tissue sections of spleens taken from normal pigs or from pigs inoculated with highly virulent lisbon 60 (l60), or with moderately virulent dominican republic 1978 (dr-ii), african swine fever virus (asfv) isolates. splenic sections from l60 inoculated pigs exhibited a large decrease in macrophage staining, whereas dr-ii infected animals appeared more intensel ... | 1992 | 1550493 |
| african swine fever virus: generation of subpopulations with altered immunogenicity and virulence following passage in cell cultures. | virus subpopulations with variable virulence, immunogenicity, and infectivity to pigs were readily generated by passaging tengani isolate of african swine fever virus, either biologically cloned or uncloned, in vero cell cultures. avirulent virus populations which account for more than 99% of virus in an uncloned preparation of the 27th passage are laboratory artefacts, perhaps do not exist in nature. furthermore, attenuation of virulence did not occur uniformly in all subpopulations newly gener ... | 1992 | 1558888 |
| [light and electron microscopic findings in the intestine of spontaneous and experimentally-produced african swine fever]. | light and electron microscopical studies were carried out after experimental induced and spontaneous infection with african swine fever virus. the experimental infection was performed in 18 pigs divided into two groups consisting of 9 animals. the pigs of group i were inoculated with virulent isolate e 70, those of group ii with attenuated isolate e 75. two infected pigs of group i and one control animal were killed on days 3, 5 or 7 p.i., two pigs of group ii and one control animal were killed ... | 1992 | 1559460 |
| genetic manipulation of african swine fever virus: construction of recombinant viruses expressing the beta-galactosidase gene. | homologous recombination is shown to be specifically induced in vero cells by infection with african swine fever (asf) virus. the frequency of recombination induced by asf virus infection between cotransfecting plasmids is comparable to that found after infection with the prototype poxvirus, vaccinia virus. the induction of recombination is accompanied by replication of the plasmid templates in the asf virus-infected cells. an asf virus insertion/expression plasmid vector containing the escheric ... | 1992 | 1566585 |
| amino acid sequence and structural properties of protein p12, an african swine fever virus attachment protein. | the gene encoding the african swine fever virus protein p12, which is involved in virus attachment to the host cell, has been mapped and sequenced in the genome of the vero-adapted virus strain ba71v. the determination of the n-terminal amino acid sequence and the hybridization of oligonucleotide probes derived from this sequence to cloned restriction fragments allowed the mapping of the gene in fragment ecori-o, located in the central region of the viral genome. the dna sequence of an ecori-xba ... | 1992 | 1583732 |
| comparison of the sequence of the gene encoding african swine fever virus attachment protein p12 from field virus isolates and viruses passaged in tissue culture. | comparison of the amino acid sequence of the african swine fever virus attachment protein p12 from different field virus isolates, deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the gene, revealed a high degree of conservation. no mutations were found after adaptation to vero cells, and a polypeptide with similar characteristics was present in an ibrs2-adapted virus. the sequence of the 5' flanking region was conserved among the isolates, whereas sequences downstream of the gene were highly variable in ... | 1992 | 1583733 |
| role of the host cell nucleus in the replication of african swine fever virus dna. | an examination by autoradiography of african swine fever virus-infected alveolar macrophages pulse labeled with [3h]thymidine showed that, at early times of viral dna replication, the grains were localized exclusively in the nucleus in 20% of the cells, while in 45% the label was found in the cytoplasm. in the remaining 35%, newly synthesized dna was detected in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. at later times, the percentage of cells with grains in the nucleus decreased considerably. pulse-ch ... | 1992 | 1585638 |
| characterization of p30, a highly antigenic membrane and secreted protein of african swine fever virus. | we have identified and characterized a 30-kda phosphoprotein (p30) of african swine fever virus (asfv) that is synthesized, membrane localized, and released into the culture medium at early times after infection. sequence analysis of the p30 open reading frame predicts a highly antigenic protein with putative phosphorylation, glycosylation, and membrane attachment sites. | 1992 | 1604821 |
| cell culture propagation modifies the african swine fever virus replication phenotype in macrophages and generates viral subpopulations differing in protein p54. | we have detected 86 african swine fever (asf) virus-induced proteins in infected pig macrophages by two-dimensional electrophoresis. no differences among protein patterns of wild-type viruses could be observed by this methodology. however, during cell culture adaptation and propagation we have characterized changes in the molecular weight of the asf virus specified protein p54, which show direct correlation with both size and number of viral subpopulation variants generated during cell culture p ... | 1992 | 1604931 |
| morphogenesis of african swine fever virus in monkey kidney cells after reversible inhibition of replication by cycloheximide. | the late cytoplasmic phases of african swine fever virus (asfv) morphogenesis in monkey kidney cells have been studied by transmission electron microscopy, focusing attention on the synthesis of viral envelopes. morphogenesis was studied after reversible cycloheximide blockage of monkey kidney cells infected with asfv. asfv appears to synthesize its external and internal envelopes within the cellular cytoplasm, at the same time as the capsid is formed, with intracellular and extracellular virion ... | 1992 | 1605742 |
| structure of (+)-(s)-1,3-dimethyl-6-oxiranyl-2,4-pyrimidinedione showing anti-asfv activity. | c8h10n2o3, mr = 182.18, monoclinic, p2(1), a = 6.6405 (7), b = 7.9493 (9), c = 8.3662 (9) a, beta = 103.07 (1) degrees, v = 430.18 (8) a3, z = 2, dx = 1.41 mg m-3, lambda (cu k alpha) = 1.54184 a, mu = 0.879 mm-1, f(000) = 192, t = 298 k, r = 0.037 for 1247 reflections with fo greater than or equal to 4 sigma (fo). the configuration at c7 is s. the pyrimidine-2,4-dione ring is nearly planar [r.m.s. deviation: 0.010 (8) a] and is antiperiplanar with respect to the epoxide ring. this arrangement i ... | 1992 | 1605931 |
| an african swine fever virus gene with homology to dna ligases. | sequence analysis of the sali g region of the genome of a virulent isolate of asfv (malawi lil 20/1) has revealed an open reading frame with the potential to encode a 48 kilodalton (kd) polypeptide which has significant homology with eukaryotic and prokaryotic dna ligases. this asfv encoded gene also contains the putative active site region of dna ligases including the lysine residue which is necessary for enzyme-adenylate adduct formation, but lacks the c-terminal basic region conserved in othe ... | 1992 | 1614852 |
| swine leukocyte antigen and macrophage marker expression on both african swine fever virus-infected and non-infected primary porcine macrophage cultures. | swine leukocyte antigens (sla) and a macrophage specific marker were monitored on porcine macrophages cultured with or without macrophage colony stimulatory factor (m-csf) and on cells infected with african swine fever virus (asfv). sla expression was maximal either in the total cell extract or on the cell surface at 3-4 days of culture; after 4 days these values began to decrease. fluorescence analyses of immunostained macrophages cultured with or without m-csf indicated a major upward shift in ... | 1992 | 1632065 |
| gel retardation analysis of ribonucleotide reductase gene expression in african swine fever virus. | 1992 | 1633957 | |
| a sequence comparison of the vp72 gene of african swine fever virus. | 1992 | 1633960 | |
| localization of the african swine fever virus attachment protein p12 in the virus particle by immunoelectron microscopy. | the african swine fever virus attachment protein p12 was localized in the virion by immunoelectron microscopy. purified virus particles were incubated, before or after different treatments, with p12-specific monoclonal antibody 24bb7 and labeled with protein a-colloidal gold. untreated virus particles showed labeling only in lateral protrusions that followed the external virus envelope. mild treatment of african swine fever virions with the nonionic detergent octyl-glucoside or with ethanol onto ... | 1993 | 7679861 |
| virulent african swine fever virus isolates are neutralized by swine immune serum and by monoclonal antibodies recognizing a 72-kda viral protein. | convalescent swine serum to african swine fever virus (asfv) isolate e75 neutralized the infectivity of virulent asfv isolates e75, e70, lisbon 60, malawi lil 20/1 and a low passage tissue culture adapted variant of e75, e75cv/v3, by 86-97% in vero and macrophage cell cultures. a monoclonal antibody, mab-135d4, recognizing an asfv protein of 72 kda also exhibited strong neutralizing activity with these viruses. unexpectedly, both e75 immune sera and mab-135d4 failed to neutralize high passage ti ... | 1993 | 7690502 |
| two putative african swine fever virus helicases similar to yeast 'deah' pre-mrna processing proteins and vaccinia virus atpases d11l and d6r. | two open reading frames (orfs) of african swine fever virus (asfv) encoding putative helicases have been sequenced. the two genes, termed d1133l and b962l, are located in the central region of the viral genome, but are separated by about 40 kb of dna. both genes are expressed late during asfv infection of vero cells, after replication of viral dna has begun. contiguous to d1133l, three other orfs (d129l, d79l and d339l), encoding putative proteins of unknown function, have been sequenced. protei ... | 1993 | 8262374 |
| nucleotide sequence of a nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase gene from african swine fever virus. | a putative nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase (ntpase) gene of african swine fever virus was identified by using a degenerate oligonucleotide probe derived from the nucleoside triphosphate binding motif, which is highly conserved among viral and cellular ntpases. the probe hybridized with fragments sali e and ecori q, which is entirely contained in the former one. sequencing of this region revealed an open reading frame, designated q706l, coding for a protein of 706 amino acids, with a cal ... | 1993 | 8266720 |
| characterization of vaccinia virus gene b12r. | we report the characterization of vaccinia virus gene b12r which is predicted to encode a 33k protein with 36% amino acid identity to the serine/threonine protein kinase encoded by vaccinia virus gene b1r. s1 nuclease protection experiments showed that gene b12r is transcribed early during infection from an initiation site 11 bp upstream of the open reading frame (orf). the gene encodes a 33k polypeptide that is not required for virus replication in tissue culture nor for virus virulence in a mu ... | 1993 | 8277291 |
| the dna polymerase-encoding gene of african swine fever virus: sequence and transcriptional analysis. | the putative dna polymerase-encoding gene of african swine fever virus has been sequenced. the gene, designated g1207r, is located in the central region of the viral genome, and encodes a protein of 1207 amino acids (aa) with a predicted m(r) of 139,835. the gene is transcribed at both early and late stages of infection into a 4.1-kb rna. transcription is initiated at tsp, 8 nucleotides (nt) upstream from the start codon. open reading frame (orf) g1207r contains four direct repeats in tandem clo ... | 1993 | 8293992 |
| [lipids from the african swine fever virus]. | the lipids of highly purified african swine fever virus (asfv) propagated in porcine bone marrow cells were observed to contain 25.6% phospholipids, 9.7% monoglycerides, 14.1% cholesterol, 17.8% free fatty acids, 14.4% diglycerides, 13.6% triglycerides, and 6.7% cholesterol ethers. diethyl ether extracts mono-, di-, triglycerides, free fatty acids, 50% of cholesterol and cholesterol ethers, and 25% of phospholipids from the virus. analysis of the 14c-sodiumacetate incorporation into viral, cellu ... | 1993 | 8302309 |
| african swine fever virus encodes a serine protein kinase which is packaged into virions. | nucleotide sequencing of the sali j region of the virulent malawi (lil20/1) strain of african swine fever virus (asfv) identified an open reading frame (orf), designated j9l, with extensive similarity to the family of protein kinases. this orf encodes a 35.1-kda protein of 299 amino acids which shares 24.6% amino acid identity with the human pim-1 proto-oncogene and 21.0% identity with the vaccinia virus b1r-encoded protein kinase. the asfv orf contains the motifs characteristic of serine-threon ... | 1993 | 8331722 |
| an african swine fever virus gene with a similarity to eukaryotic rna polymerase subunit 6. | 1993 | 8332503 | |
| polyprotein processing in african swine fever virus: a novel gene expression strategy for a dna virus. | this report shows that african swine fever virus (asfv)--a large dna-containing virus--synthesizes a polyprotein to produce several of its structural proteins. by immunoprecipitation analysis, we have found that asfv polyprotein is a 220 kda myristoylated polypeptide (pp220) which, after proteolytic processing, gives rise to four major structural proteins: p150, p37, p34 and p14. processing of the asfv polyprotein takes place at the consensus sequence gly-gly-x and occurs through an ordered casc ... | 1993 | 8335009 |
| inhibition of african swine fever virus binding and infectivity by purified recombinant virus attachment protein p12. | the african swine fever virus protein p12, involved in virus attachment to the host cell, has an apparent molecular mass of 17 kda in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under nonreducing conditions. we have also identified 12- and 10-kda forms of the p12 protein in infected vero cells and found that the mature 17-kda protein is the only form present in virus particles. the p12 protein has been produced in large amounts in spodoptera frugiperda insect cells infected with a ... | 1993 | 8350406 |
| characterization of a soluble hemagglutinin induced in african swine fever virus-infected cells. | hemadsorption (had) of erythrocytes to the surface of african swine fever virus (asfv)-infected cells is a well-known phenomenon but hemagglutination of pig erythrocytes in the supernatant of asfv-infected cells has not been reported before. we report here the discovery of a pig erythrocyte-agglutinating activity released to the in vitro cell culture medium by cells infected with some isolates of asfv. this finding allowed the identification and characterization of a soluble hemagglutinin (ha) m ... | 1993 | 8372447 |
| three african swine fever virus genes encoding proteins with homology to putative helicases of vaccinia virus. | sequence analysis of the sali g, h, i and j restriction fragments of the african swine fever virus (asfv) genome from the virulent isolate malawi (lil20/1) identified three open reading frames (orfs) encoding predicted proteins of 125.0k (g10l), 80.4k (j10l) and 58.0k (j11l) which showed homology to members of the dna and rna helicase superfamily. orfj10l was related to protein 4 of the kluyveromyces lactis killer plasmid pkg12 and to two putative helicases, d6r and d11l, of vaccinia virus. orf ... | 1993 | 8376971 |
| african swine fever virus guanylyltransferase. | the gene coding for the guanylyltransferase of african swine fever virus has been identified and sequenced. the gene, designated np868r, is located within fragments ecori n' and d of the virus genome (ba71v strain) and encodes a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 99.9 kda that shares significant similarity with the large subunit of both vaccinia and shope fibroma virus capping enzymes, with percentages of identity of 20.6 and 21.8%, respectively. a protein of 95 kda was induced in escher ... | 1993 | 8382399 |
| the identification of an african swine fever gene with conserved helicase motifs and a striking homology to herpes virus origin binding protein, ul9. | 1993 | 8389041 | |
| an african swine fever virus gene with similarity to the proto-oncogene bcl-2 and the epstein-barr virus gene bhrf1. | an open reading frame, lmw5-hl, in the african swine fever virus genome displays a high degree of similarity to the proto-oncogene bcl-2 and, to a lesser degree, the epstein-barr virus gene bhrf1. a highly conserved central region is found in all three proteins. lmw5-hl encodes a protein of 18 kda that is present in infected porcine macrophages at both early and late times postinfection. the similarity of lmw5-hl to bcl-2 and bhrf1 suggests a role for it in cell maintenance during productive or ... | 1993 | 8389936 |
| african swine fever virus thymidylate kinase gene: sequence and transcriptional mapping. | a putative thymidylate kinase gene of african swine fever virus has been identified at the left end of the sali i' fragment of the virus genome. the gene, designated a240l, has the potential to encode a protein of 240 amino acids with an m(r) of 27,754 and is transcribed early after infection. primer extension analysis indicates that transcription is initiated a short distance from the first atg codon of open reading frame a240l. the deduced amino acid sequence of this open reading frame shows s ... | 1993 | 8393914 |
| three adjacent genes of african swine fever virus with similarity to essential poxvirus genes. | nucleotide sequencing of the right end of the salij fragment of the highly virulent malawi lil20/1 strain of african swine fever virus (asfv) has revealed three adjacent genes with similarity to: serine-threonine protein kinases; members of the putative helicase superfamily sf2; and the vaccinia virus 56 kda abortive late protein. all three genes are transcribed to the left with respect to the orientation of the asfv genome. gene l19il predicts a protein similar to serine-threonine protein kinas ... | 1993 | 8397501 |
| duplicated genes within the variable right end of the genome of a pathogenic isolate of african swine fever virus. | the right variable region of the genome of a pathogenic strain of african swine fever virus (asfv), malawi lil20/1, has been sequenced and 15 open reading frames (orfs) identified by computer analysis. eight of these orfs were found to be similar to previously described asfv orfs and three of these belong to two previously described multiple gene families (mgf), 360 and 110. four of the remaining five orfs belong to a novel mgf, designated mgf 100, and the last orf encodes a protein that is simi ... | 1993 | 8409937 |
| identification of the gene encoding the major capsid protein of fish lymphocystis disease virus. | the gene encoding the major capsid protein (mcp) of fish lymphocystis disease virus (flounder isolate; flcdv-f) has been identified by pcr using oligonucleotide primers corresponding to different regions of the mcp of tipula iridescent virus (tiv), iridescent virus 22 (iv22) and chilo iridescent virus (civ). dna fragments of 0.4 kbp, 0.5 kbp and 0.27 kbp in size were amplified using oligonucleotide primers corresponding to amino acids (aa) 146 to 153 (primer 1) and 274 to 268 (primer 6), or aa 1 ... | 1993 | 8409939 |
| transcriptional mapping of a late gene coding for the p12 attachment protein of african swine fever virus. | the transcriptional characterization of the gene coding for the p12 attachment protein of the african swine fever virus is presented. the results obtained have been used to generate the first detailed transcriptional map of an african swine fever virus late gene. novel experimental evidence indicating the existence of major differences between the mechanisms controlling the transcription of late genes in african swine fever virus and poxviruses is provided. | 1993 | 8416381 |
| high-level expression in escherichia coli of the gene coding for the major structural protein (p72) of african swine fever virus. | the gene encoding the major structural protein (p72) of african swine fever virus (asfv) has been expressed in escherichia coli using a t7 rna polymerase system. the use of a recombinant plasmid which contains the entire gene inserted between the t7 promoter and the transcription terminator of the expression vector allowed us to obtain a high expression level of the intact viral protein. this polypeptide, which appears in the insoluble fraction of the bacterial extracts, showed an intense reacti ... | 1993 | 8428668 |
| african swine fever virus encodes a dna ligase. | sequencing of the ecori n' fragment of african swine fever virus (asfv) dna revealed an open reading frame encoding a protein similar to atp-dependent dna ligases. when the gene encoding this protein was expressed in escherichia coli, a protein of the expected molecular mass was labeled in bacterial extracts upon incubation with [alpha-32p]atp. the recombinant protein comigrated in sds-page with the putative viral dna ligase detected in extracts of infected cells. we demonstrate that the recombi ... | 1993 | 8438592 |
| activity of several s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase inhibitors against african swine fever virus replication in vero cells. | several inhibitors of s-adenosylhomocysteine (adohcy) hydrolase have been found to selectively suppress the replication of african swine fever virus (asfv) in vero cells. of the compounds tested, 3-deazaneplanocin a proved to be the most potent and selective inhibitor of asfv replication. its selectivity index (si) was 3000. then followed 9-(trans-2',trans-3'-dihydroxycyclopentyl)-3- deazaadenine (si = 2500), the 4'beta-vinyl derivative of 9-(trans-2',trans-3'-dihydroxycyclopentyl)adenine (si = ... | 1993 | 8460931 |
| an african swine fever virus gene with similarity to bacterial dna binding proteins, bacterial integration host factors, and the bacillus phage spo1 transcription factor, tf1. | 1993 | 8464748 | |
| african swine fever virus specific porcine cytotoxic t cell activity. | african swine fever virus (asfv) specific, cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) activity has been studied in a protection model in which sla inbred miniature swine are experimentally inoculated with a naturally occurring, non-fatal asfv isolate (nhv). peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from such infected swine show significant activity in ctl assays, using cultured asfv-infected porcine blood derived macrophages as target cells. this ctl activity is elicited from pbmc by in vitro restimulation of ... | 1993 | 8470951 |
| sequence and characterization of the major early phosphoprotein p32 of african swine fever virus. | the gene encoding protein p32, the most abundant and immunogenic protein induced by african swine fever virus at early times of infection, has been mapped in the ecori c' fragment of the genome of the vero cell-adapted virus strain ba71v. sequencing analysis has shown the existence of an open reading frame, named c'204l, encoding 204 amino acids. the protein is phosphorylated in serine residues located in the 115 n-terminal amino acids and was phosphorylated when expressed in cells infected with ... | 1993 | 8474154 |
| characterization of two african swine fever virus 220-kda proteins: a precursor of the major structural protein p150 and an oligomer of phosphoprotein p32. | two kinds of unrelated african swine fever virus proteins of 220 kda have been identified by means of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoprecipitation analysis. one species, named pp220 and identified as the precursor of the major structural protein p150, was found to be a moderately acidic protein (pl near 7) expressed after the replication of the viral dna. the second species, a cluster of 220-kda proteins with slightly different isoelectric points (pl ranging from 5 to 6), was foun ... | 1993 | 8480423 |
| haemostatic abnormalities in african swine fever a comparison of two virus strains of different virulence (dominican republic '78 and malta '78). | african swine fever (asf) virus strains cause haemorrhage by producing a variety of defects, which vary in severity from strain to strain. to distinguish the main haemostatic defects leading to haemorrhage, two groups of pigs were infected with moderately virulent (dominican republic '78) and less virulent (malta '78) asf virus strains. mortality rate and severity of clinical observations were greater in pigs infected with dr '78 virus compared with pigs infected with malta '78 virus. the animal ... | 1993 | 8503789 |
| structure and expression in e. coli of the gene coding for protein p10 of african swine fever virus. | the gene encoding protein p10, a structural protein of african swine fever (asf) virus, has been mapped, sequenced and expressed in e. coli. protein p10 was purified from dissociated virus by reverse-phase hplc, and its nh2-terminal end identified by automated edman degradation. to map the gene encoding protein p10, a mixture of 20-mer oligonucleotides based upon a part of the amino acid sequence was hybridized to cloned asf virus restriction fragments. this allowed the localization of the gene ... | 1993 | 8503790 |
| african swine fever virus encodes two genes which share significant homology with the two largest subunits of dna-dependent rna polymerases. | a random sequencing strategy applied to two large sali restriction fragments (sb and sd) of the african swine fever virus (asfv) genome revealed that they might encode proteins similar to the two largest rna polymerase subunits of eukaryotes, poxviruses and escherichia coli. after further mapping by dot-blot hybridization, two large open reading frames (orfs) were completely sequenced. the first orf (np1450l) encodes a protein of 1450 amino acids with extensive similarity to the largest subunit ... | 1993 | 8506138 |
| virus-host interactions in african swine fever: the attachment to cellular receptors. | biochemical and morphological techniques have shown that african swine fever virus (asfv) enters susceptible cells by a mechanism of receptor-mediated endocytosis. the virus binds to a specific, saturable site in the cell and this interaction is required for a productive infection. a structural asfv protein of 12kda (p12) has been identified to be involved in the recognition of the cellular receptor, on the basis of the specific binding of the polypeptide to sensitive vero cells. protein p12 is ... | 1993 | 8219802 |
| african swine fever virus genome content and variability. | a 55 kilobase pair (kb) region from the right end of the virulent african swine fever virus isolate, malawi lil20/1, has been sequenced. the 68 major open reading frames (orfs) encoded are generally closely spaced and read from both dna strands across the complete sequence. comparison of the amino acid sequences of predicted orfs with sequence databases identified 15 orfs which encode proteins that are similar to proteins of known function. two orfs are homologous to copies of multigene family 3 ... | 1993 | 8219803 |
| the relative density of cd44-positive porcine monocytic cell populations varies between isolations and upon culture and influences susceptibility to infection by african swine fever virus. | african swine fever (asf) virus has been reported to infect cells of the monocyte family, probably macrophage-like cells, but there is variation in the apparent susceptibility of these cells. we have demonstrated that the phenotype and activity of porcine monocytic cells varies between different isolations and also upon culture. the variation during culture is dependent upon the phenotype of the cells at the time of isolation. as for the susceptibility of porcine monocytes/macrophages to infecti ... | 1993 | 8225410 |
| persistence of african swine fever antibody reactivity on elisa and immunoblotting assays. | 1993 | 8236717 | |
| african swine fever virus interaction with microtubules. | the role of microtubules in intracellular transport of african swine fever virus (asfv) and virus-induced inclusions was studied by immunofluorescence using anti-asfv and anti-tubulin antibodies, by electron microscopy of infected vero cells and by in vitro binding of virions to purified microtubules. mtc, a reversible colchicine analogue, was used to depolymerize microtubules. in cells treated with mtc multiple large inclusions containing asfv antigens and particles were observed in the cytopla ... | 1993 | 8241964 |
| mapping and sequence of the gene encoding the african swine fever virion protein of m(r) 11500. | the gene encoding the african swine fever virus protein of m(r) 11,500, present in the virus particle, has been mapped and sequenced in the genome of the vero cell-adapted virus strain ba71v. a serum raised against virion proteins of m(r) 12,000 to 13,000 isolated from polyacrylamide gels was used to screen a plasmid expression library, containing viral dna random fragments, that expresses viral polypeptides fused to beta-galactosidase. using this method, we have identified and sequenced the ope ... | 1993 | 8245848 |
| african swine fever virus encodes a cd2 homolog responsible for the adhesion of erythrocytes to infected cells. | we have identified an open reading frame, ep402r, within the ecori e' fragment of the african swine fever virus genome that encodes a polypeptide of 402 amino acid residues homologous to the adhesion receptor of t cells, cd2. transcription of ep402r takes place during the late phase of virus replication. the disruption of ep402r, achieved through the replacement of a 354-bp-long fragment from within ep402r by the marker gene lacz, does not affect the virus growth rate in vitro but abrogates the ... | 1993 | 8102411 |
| analysis of the nucleotide sequence of a 43 kbp segment of the genome of variola virus india-1967 strain. | sequencing and computer analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the variola virus strain india-1967 (var) genome segment (43069 bp) from the region of hindiii c, e, r, q, k, h dna fragments has been carried out. forty-three potential open reading frames (orfs) have been identified, and the polypeptides encoded by them have been compared with the analogous proteins of vaccinia virus strain copenhagen (cop). orf e7r of var is much shorter than the cop analog. the other polypeptides coded by the pot ... | 1993 | 8109158 |
| [clinical and anatomo-pathological differences in 2 strains of african swine fever virus in angola]. | african swine fever (asf) is prevalent in angola. it is caused by several strains of viruses, among which silva-porto and huambo 85. a clinical and anatomo-pathological comparative test carried out on the natural and experimental disease showed different and significant characteristics in the behaviour of these two strains. silva-porto generates clinical signs characterized by an haemorrhagic generalized diathesis more marked on the skin, organs and viscera. in addition, the anatomo-pathological ... | 1993 | 8073167 |
| chilo iridescent virus encodes a putative helicase belonging to a distinct family within the "dead/h" superfamily: implications for the evolution of large dna viruses. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the ecori dna fragment m (7099 bp; 0.310-0.345 map units) of the genome of insect iridescent virus type 6--chilo iridescent virus (civ)--was determined. a 606 codon open reading frame located in this region encoded a protein (p69) related to a distinct family of putative dna and/or rna helicases belonging to the "dead/h" superfamily. unique sequence signatures were derived that allowed selective retrieval of the putative helicases of the new family from amino ... | 1994 | 8073636 |
| identification of genes encoding zinc finger proteins, non-histone chromosomal hmg protein homologue, and a putative gtp phosphohydrolase in the genome of chilo iridescent virus. | five rna transcripts of about 1.2 to 1.7 kilobases were mapped to a part of the genome of insect iridescent virus type 6 (chilo iridescent virus; civ) between genome coordinates 0.832 and 0.856 within the ecori dna fragment f. the nucleotide sequence of this particular region (5702 base pairs) of the civ genome was determined. the dna sequence contains a number of perfect direct, inverted, and palindromic repeats including three clusters of tandemly organized repetitive dna elements located betw ... | 1994 | 8121799 |
| genetic identification and nucleotide sequence of the dna polymerase gene of african swine fever virus. | the dna polymerase gene of african swine fever virus (asfv) was mapped by marker rescue experiments using a phosphonoacetic acid-resistant mutant and hybridization with an oligonucleotide probe designed from the most conserved motif of family b dna polymerases. viral dna fragments mapping in this region were cloned and sequenced. an open reading frame coding for a 1244 amino acid long peptide with a molecular mass of 142.5 kda was determined from the sequence. a unique feature of asfv dna polyme ... | 1994 | 8121806 |
| multigene families in african swine fever virus: family 505. | sequencing of restriction fragment ecori a-sali c of african swine fever virus has revealed the existence of a multigene family, designated family 505 because of the average number of amino acids in the proteins, composed of seven homologous and tandemly arranged genes. all the genes of family 505 are expressed during infection. primer extension analysis showed that transcription is initiated a short distance (3 to 62 nucleotides) from the start codon of the corresponding open reading frame. the ... | 1994 | 8139051 |
| epidemiology of classical swine fever in sardinia: a serological survey of wild boar and comparison with african swine fever. | a serological survey was carried out to establish the distribution of classical swine fever among wild boar in sardinia, where that disease and african swine fever have been endemic in free-ranging domestic pigs and wild boar living in the mountainous areas of the province of nuoro for several years. blood samples were collected from 4752 wild boar shot during the period december 1988 to january 1992. an overall prevalence of 11 per cent was observed and the almost constant rate of about 9.8 per ... | 1994 | 8171792 |
| nucleotide sequence and variability of the inverted terminal repetitions of african swine fever virus dna. | african swine fever virus (asfv) genome is a large (170-190 kb) double-stranded dna molecule with structural features similar to those of poxviruses. prominent among those features are the presence of a hairpin loop structure at the end of the dna molecule and terminal-inverted repeats (tir). the tirs have been previously demonstrated by electron microscopy and cross-hybridization of terminal restriction fragments. we have determined the sequence of both left and right dna ends from the ba71v vi ... | 1994 | 8178480 |
| long-term persistent infection of swine monocytes/macrophages with african swine fever virus. | long-term persistent infection was established in 100% of pigs (n = 19) experimentally infected with african swine fever virus (asfv). viral dna was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (pbml) at greater than 500 days postinfection by a pcr assay. infectious virus was not, however, isolated from the same pbml samples. in cell fractionation studies of pbml, monocytes/macrophages were found to harbor viral dna during the persistent phase of infection. this result indicates that mono ... | 1994 | 8254776 |
| passively transferred african swine fever virus antibodies protect swine against lethal infection. | the role of anti-viral antibodies in homologous protective immunity to a virulent african swine fever virus (asfv) strain e75 was examined by passive transfer experiments in swine. eighty-five percent of animals (n = 14) that received anti-asfv immunoglobulin (ig) survived challenge infection, while 100% mortality was observed in control group animals (n = 28) that received anti-pseudorabies virus ig, normal swine ig, or phosphate-buffered saline. with the exception of a significantly delayed an ... | 1994 | 8259670 |
| an african swine fever virus gene with similarity to the t-lymphocyte surface antigen cd2 mediates hemadsorption. | an open reading frame, lmw8-dr, in the african swine fever virus (asfv) genome possesses striking similarity to the lymphocyte membrane antigen cd2. all characterized cd2 domains, including the amino-terminal signal sequence, igv, hinge, igc2, stalk, transmembrane, and proline-rich carboxy cytoplasmic domains, are highly conserved in the asfv gene. critical residues for the binding of the lymphocyte function-associated antigen (lfa-3) and cd59 and for t-cell activation are also partially conserv ... | 1994 | 7907198 |
| characterization and molecular basis of heterogeneity of the african swine fever virus envelope protein p54. | it has been reported that the propagation of african swine fever virus (asfv) in cell culture generates viral subpopulations differing in protein p54 (c. alcaraz, a. brun, f. ruiz-gonzalvo, and j. m. escribano, virus res. 23:173-182, 1992). a recombinant bacteriophage expressing a 328-bp fragment of the p54 gene was selected in a lambda phage expression library of asfv genomic fragments by immunoscreening with antibodies against p54 protein. the sequence of this recombinant phage allowed the loc ... | 1994 | 7933107 |
| detection of african swine fever virus protein vp73 in tissues of experimentally and naturally infected pigs. | 1994 | 7948208 | |
| insect iridescent virus type 6 encodes a polypeptide related to the largest subunit of eukaryotic rna polymerase ii. | cytoplasmic dna viruses encode a dna-dependent rna polymerase (ddrp) that is essential for transcription of viral genes. the amino acid sequences of known large subunits of ddrps contain highly conserved regions. oligonucleotide primers, deduced from two conserved domains [rqp(t/s)lh and nadfdgde] were used in pcr experiments for the detection of the corresponding gene of the genome of insect iridescent virus type 6, also known as chilo iridescent virus (civ). a specific dna product of about 150 ... | 1994 | 8021587 |
| nucleotide sequence of a 55 kbp region from the right end of the genome of a pathogenic african swine fever virus isolate (malawi lil20/1). | the nucleotide sequence of a 55098 bp region from the right end of the genome of a virulent african swine fever virus (asfv) isolate (malawi lil20/1) has been determined. translation of the sequence identified 67 major open reading frames (orfs) which are closely spaced and read from both dna strands. at six positions intergenic tandem repeat arrays are found. comparison of the predicted amino acid sequences of encoded proteins with protein sequence databases identified a number of homologies. t ... | 1994 | 8021596 |
| two novel multigene families, 530 and 300, in the terminal variable regions of african swine fever virus genome. | here, we describe two novel multigene families (mgf) present in the terminal variable regions of the african swine fever virus (asfv) genome. mgf530 includes at least six related orfs (averaging 530 amino acids) containing four well-conserved domains and amino acid identities ranging from 24 to 55%. mgf300 is composed of three orfs (averaging 300 amino acids) containing three highly conserved domains and amino acid identities ranging from 25 to 46%. amino terminal regions of predicted mgf530 and ... | 1994 | 8030263 |
| nucleotide sequence of the telomeric region of the african swine fever virus genome. | the 4-kb terminal bcli fragment of african swine fever virus (asfv) dna, including the inverted terminal repetition (itr), was cloned and sequenced. the sequence showed that the 2.1-kb itr is composed of a 301-nucleotide-long unique sequence immediately adjacent to the terminal hairpin loop, a set of 38 tandem direct repeats of a 34-nucleotide degenerate sequence, another unique intervening sequence with no remarkable features, and a set of 5 tandem repeats of a 27-nucleotide unit unrelated in s ... | 1994 | 8030278 |
| swine-reconstituted scid mice as a model for african swine fever virus infection. | injection of swine peripheral blood mononuclear cells into mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (scid), resulted in the stable long-term establishment of a functional swine immune system (scid-sw). swine immunoglobulins were present in the serum of scid-sw mice and swine cells were detected in the blood as well as in lymph nodes and spleen using monoclonal antibodies raised against cell subpopulations. swine lymphocytes from reconstituted scid mice responded in vitro to specific antigens o ... | 1994 | 8046401 |
| attempted transovarial and venereal transmission of african swine fever virus by the iberian soft tick ornithodoros (pavlovskyella) marocanus (acari: ixodoidea: argasidae). | transovarial transmission experiments were conducted with three groups of ornithodoros (pavlovskyella) marocanus velu; one group consisted of 27 pairs of adults that had been fed as larvae on a pig with a viremia of 10(7.4) had50/ml of african swine fever virus (asfv). the second and third groups each consisted of 100 pairs of adults fed on a viremic pig (10(4.5) had50/ml) as adults. the first group underwent five gonotrophic cycles over a 554-d period. the second and third groups underwent thre ... | 1994 | 8057310 |
| [glycoproteins from the african swine fever virus]. | the composition of african swine fever virus (asfv) glycoproteins was studied. isolate-specific major gp 110-140 was identified by radioimmunoprecipitation in lysate of porcine bone marrow cells infected with hemadsorbing virus strains. carbohydrates constitute about 50% of the total mass of gp 110-140. a quantitative method is proposed for identification of the serologic relationships between asfv hemadsorbing strains. a possible role of asfv glycoprotein carbohydrates in the hemadsorption, vir ... | 1994 | 7716925 |
| porcine immune responses to african swine fever virus (asfv) infection. | immune responses mediating protection against asfv are poorly understood. anti-asfv antibodies may influence the course of the clinical disease but they have never been found to neutralize the virus. recent developments on cellular defense mechanisms, using swine protection models, and on the induction and role of some cytokines warrant further investigation on these areas. | 1994 | 7856069 |
| african swine fever virus structural protein p72 contains a conformational neutralizing epitope. | we have previously described a monoclonal antibody (mab 135d4) to an unidentified 70- to 72-kda african swine fever virus (asfv) protein that exhibited high levels of neutralizing activity against various virulent asfv isolates. here, we identify the reactive asfv protein as the major virus structural protein p72. in vitro-translated products of the p72 protein gene were specifically immunoprecipitated by mab 135d4. immunoprecipitation of a nested set of truncated p72 in vitro translation produc ... | 1994 | 7514322 |
| uses of flow cytometry in virology. | this article reviews some of the published applications of flow cytometry for in vitro and in vivo detection and enumeration of virus-infected cells. sample preparation, fixation, and permeabilization techniques for a number of virus-cell systems are evaluated. the use of flow cytometry for multiparameter analysis of virus-cell interactions for simian virus 40, herpes simplex viruses, human cytomegalovirus, and human immunodeficiency virus and its use for determining the effect of antiviral comp ... | 1994 | 7530594 |
| pathological changes in the renal interstitial capillaries of pigs inoculated with two different strains of african swine fever virus. | african swine fever is a viral disease of pigs characterized predominantly by haemorrhagic lesions. this paper reports the lesions observed in the renal interstitial capillaries of pigs inoculated with african swine fever virus strains of differing virulence: the malawi'83 strain (haemadsorbent and highly virulent) and the dominican republic'78 strain (haemadsorbent and moderately virulent). in pigs infected with the malawi'83 strain, petechial haemorrhages and microhaemorrhages were observed 5 ... | 1995 | 7560303 |
| experimental african swine fever: apoptosis of lymphocytes and virus replication in other cells. | in order to determine the cause of cellular death of lymphocytes in pigs with acute african swine fever and the relationships between african swine fever virus (asfv) and interstitial cells, ten pigs were inoculated with a highly virulent strain of asfv (malawi '83) and samples taken for ultrastructural study of hepatic and renal interstitial tissues. we demonstrated death by apoptosis of lymphocytes and virus replication in fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells in the interstit ... | 1995 | 7561784 |
| inactivation of viruses in liquid manure. | the stability of some viruses and methods of virus inactivation in liquid manure are reviewed. the authors discuss experimental data on the stability of foot and mouth disease virus, classical swine fever virus, aujeszky's disease virus, african swine fever virus, swine influenza virus, porcine paramyxovirus, bovine virus diarrhoea virus and transmissible gastroenteritis of pigs virus. recommendations and practical advice are given for the choice and application of chemical disinfectants for slu ... | 1995 | 7579641 |
| inhibition of il-2r and sla class ii expression on stimulated lymphocytes by a suppressor activity found in homogenates of african swine fever virus infected cultures. | virus free supernatants (vfs) obtained by ultracentrifugation of homogenates of african swine fever (asf) virus infected cultures inhibited the proliferative response and the expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of two activation molecules, the il-2 receptor (il-2r) and the swine mhc class ii antigens (sla ii), induced by several stimuli (lectins, pma plus the calcium ionophore a23187 or specific antigen). this inhibition was time dependent: no effect was seen on il-2r expression whe ... | 1995 | 7611879 |