Publications

dead space and tidal volume of the giraffe compared with some other mammals.	the ventilation, tidal volume and anatomical dead-space were measured in a living giraffe and compared with similar measurements in a camel, red deer, llama and man. the giraffe had a resting tidal volume of about 3.3 litres with a dead-space/tidal-volume ratio of 0.34. the giraffe breathes slowly, apparently because of the unusually small diameter of its trachea relative to its length, compared with known measurement in other mammals.	1978	734250
studies on the ovarian activity of the dromedary (camelus dromedarius).	post-ovulatory corpora haemorrhagica and mature corpora lutea were seen in the ovary of non pregnant dromedary only during the spring season. regressed corpora lutea were noticed in the pvaries all-over the year together with many follicles of different sizes. 2 or 3 corpora lutea in different stages of regression might be found in the same ovary. premordial follicles in the ovary of the dromedary were found to be distributed under tunica albuginea and extend deeply for a short distance in the c ...	1978	749391
viscosity of normal bovine and camel synovial fluid.		1978	751977
chiropractic: the camel in the tent.		1978	276677
25-hydroxycholecalciferol levels in camel, sheep and goat.	1. the plasma levels of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol were measured in female dromedary camels, female sheep and sinai desert goats. 2. the camels had levels of 443 +/- 96 ng/ml in summer, and 267 +/- 113 ng/ml in winter. 3. the sheep had levels of 40.7 +/- 9.09 ng/ml in summer and 37.1 +/- 8.82 ng/ml in winter, i.e. roughly the same as man in that region. 4. the goats had lower levels: 23.9 +/- 5.67 ng/ml in summer.	1978	318277
a comparative study of ketone body metabolism between the camel (camelus dromedarius) and the sheep (ovis aries).	1. plasma levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate (bhb), and acetoacetate (acac) have been measured in camels (camelus dromedarius) and sheep (ovis aries). the activity of beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (bhb-deh2) (e.c. 1.1.1.30) was studied in the rumen epithelium and the liver of these animals. 2. concentrations of plasma bhb and acac in the camel were in respective order 33 and 4 times lower than that of the sheep. the ratios of bhb to acac were 0.61 and 4.8 for the camel and sheep, respectively. ...	1979	318289
purification to homogeneity of camel pituitary pro-opiocortin, the common precursor of opioid peptides and corticotropin.	pro-opiocortin was purified from camel pituitaries by procedures including high-performance liquid chromatography. the precursor relationship of the pure protein to the opioid peptides and to corticotropin was confirmed. partial chemical analysis consisting of amino acid analysis and tryptic peptide mapping was carried out with the aid of sensitive fluorescence detection.	1979	221906
observations on the fine structure of the testicular interstitial cells in the camel (camelus dromedarius).		1979	256168
an epidemic of rift valley fever in egypt. 2. isolation of the virus from animals.	during the epidemic of rift valley fever (rvf) that occurred in egypt and other areas of north africa in 1977, the virus was isolated from various species of domestic animal and rats (rattus rattus frugivorus) as well as man. the highest number of rvf virus isolates were obtained from sheep; only one isolate was recovered from each of the other species tested, viz. cow, camel, goat, horse, and rat. rvf virus was reisolated from both camel and horse sera, apparently for the first time.	1979	314355
being a camel is a pain in the back.		1979	156352
on the regional histology and histochemistry of the epididymis of the camel (camelus dromedarius).	distinct morphological regions, initial, middle and terminal segments, were distinguishable histologically; the middle segment was further subdivided into proximal, intermediated and distal parts. pas-positive, diastase-resistant reaction was detected in the blood vessels, subepithelial tissue and stereocilia of all segments. acid phosphatase was demonstrated in the epithelial cells with the highest activity being in the proximal part of the middle segment. non-specific esterase gave a similar r ...	1979	159947
beta-lactoglobulins in the mammary secretions of camel (camelus dromedarius) and she-ass. immunological detection and preliminary physico-chemical characterization.	the mammary secretions of a monogastric, the ass, and those of a tylopode, the camel (camelus dromedarius), were examined by double diffusion in agarose gel against rabbit sera anti-bovine beta-lactoglobulin. clear precipitin reactions were obtained. after immunoelectrophoresis the camel and she-ass beta-lactoglobulins showed very different electrophoretic mobilities.	1979	117816
ultastructural studies of sarcocystis sp. from the camel (camelus dromedarius) in egypt.	by means of electron microscopy a study has been made on sarcocystis from 29 camels (camelus dromedarius) in egypt. in oesophagus and diaphragm muscles sarcocysts have been observed. the micromorphology of metrocytes, merozoites as well as of the cyst wall has been described.	1979	120047
the purification of peptides by partition chromatography based on a hydrophobicity scale.	a study of the efficiency of partition chromatography for the purification of peptides as a function of structure has been undertaken. a series of 19 omission analogs of camel beta-endorphin and of some of its partial sequences have been synthesized with each analog missing only a single amino acid. their chromatographic properties have been examined with use of the martin hypothesis and the rm concept, and a hydrophobicity scale for the amino acid side chains was obtained. to a first approximat ...	1979	422324
world's first camel clinic caters to the indispensable dromedary.		1979	422458
vascular supply of the testis of the camel (camelus dromedarius).	the origin, pattern of distribution and the length of the convoluted part of the testicular artery were examined by blunt dissection and by the preparation of arterial casts with vinylite. the testicular artery originates from the abdominal aorta just cranial to its bifurcation and forms compact coils and reveals a tortuous course in the region of the pampiniform plexus and along the attached border. the artery divides at the caudal extremity of the testis into 2--4 branches. the epididymal arte ...	1979	442960
histological observations on the testis of the camel, with special emphasis on spermatogenesis.	a histological study of the testis of the camel has been carried out; this includes the description of the different cell types of the testis, stages and frequency of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. the testis is characterized by the presence of abundant leydig cells found in large masses in the intertubular areas and in the mediastinum. the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium was divided into eight stages (i-viii) according to the method of ortavant. the frequency of the stages i-vii ...	1979	442970
variability in erythrocyte deformability among various mammals.	deformability is an important aspect of erythrocyte physiology and has been extensively studied using human red cells. we have studied erythrocytes from 25 different animals using a viscometric technique. erythrocyte diameters ranged from 3.3 microns in the goat to 11.4 microns for the elephant seal. erythrocytes from most species deformed readily when a fluid shear stress was applied. a deformability index of the stressed cell defined as (length - width)/(length + width) correlated with cell si ...	1979	443394
marginal bands in camel erythrocytes.	the elliptical, anucleate erythrocytes of camels have been examined for the presence of marginal bands and their constituent microtubules. lysis of erythrocytes under microtubule-stabilizing conditions readily revealed marginal bands in at least 3 % of the cells, as observed by phase-contrast and darkfield light microscopy. microtubules plus a marginal band-encompassing network of material are visible in lysed cell whole mounts with transmission electron microscopy. marginal band microtubules ar ...	1979	457820
a survey on spontaneous atherosclerosis of camels (camelus dromedarius) in iran.	in a survey carried out on 200 camels (camelus dromedarius) from different parts of iran, three cases were diagnosed positive for atherosclerosis on gross and microscopic examination. a sex and age predilection is suspected. the complications of atherosclerosis were not present. to the best of the authors' knowledge this is the first report of atherosclerosis in camels.	1979	462553
observations on haematology of camel (camelus dromodarius l).		1979	489104
characterization of mouse tumor cell beta-lipotropin.	mouse tumor cell beta-lipotropin (beta lph) and gamma-lipotropin (gamma lph) were purified from mouse pituitary tumor cell culture medium by ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. the mouse tumor cell beta lph was identified by immunoprecipitation with several antisera to beta-endorphin, generation of opioid bioactivity upon brief treatment with trypsin, and its identity with the molecule previously shown to serve as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of beta-endorphin. mouse tumor cel ...	1979	489593
morphometric observations on the kidney of the camel, camelus dromedarius.	morphometric analysis of the kidney of the camel was carried out on gross slices and histological sections using standard morphometric methods. the renal cortex occupied about 50% by volume of the kidney, and the ratio of the thickness of the medulla to that of the cortex was about 4:1. the relative thickness of the medulla was about 7.89. this parameter is an indicator of the lengths of the loops of henle and vasa recta, and, according to the countercurrent theory, is consequently an indicator ...	1979	511770
[respiration at high altitudes, phosphate-protein interaction: the sequence of hemoglobins from guinea pig and dromedary (author's transl)].	the sequence of the main hemoglobin component of the guinea pig (cavia aerea f. porcellus, caviidae) and that of the hemoglobin of the dromedary (camelus dromedarius, camelidae) is given. the sequence is obtained automatically by the sequenator using the quadrol and the propyne programme. the sequence of the alpha-and beta-chains of the guinea pig is compared with that of the human hemoglobin; the sequence of the dromedary in comparison to the ilama shows in the alpha-chains five amino acid exch ...	1979	527943
observations on the distribution of the omentum in the one-humped camel (camelus dromedarius).	the greater omentum of the camel has been studied for the first time. although the camel belongs to the suborder artiodactyla, the greater omentum exhibits a striking similarity to that of perissodactyla.	1979	539472
[normal variants of the diaphragm--scalloping and dromedary (author's transl)].		1979	547076
colloid goiter in a newborn dromedary camel and an aborted fetus.		1979	556205
circling the pyramid by camel--via the needle's eye.	the royal commission's report on the nhs criticised the lack of central manpower planning advice for the nursing profession as well as dwelling at some length on the difficulties that the hospital career structure poses medical manpower planners. the most damaging disadvantage of the dhss's approach to the latter issue is, says the commission, 'that it has not delivered the goods'. author examines manpower problems as they affect both professions.	1979	10243859
hormonal and behavioural patterns in the male camel (camelus dromedarius).	androgen levels in blood and the behaviour of male camels were determined during 1 year. in the months january to april large amounts of androgens were found in blood serum (approximately 30 ng/ml compared with approximately 2 ng/ml throughout the remaining months) as well as in a secretion from glands on the back of the neck (36 ng/ml). during this period when hormone levels were high the behaviour of the camels changed: they became unmanageable, blew-out a palatal flap from the mouth, vocalize ...	1980	7359491
histology of the camel eye.	the camel eye shows some distinct features such as a pigmented peripheral cornea, a remarkably thickened descement membrane, and endothelial-lined pectinate ligament, a cleft ciliary body, long ciliary processes, a horizontally oval pupil with well-developed corpora nigra and a holangiotic retina. some of these are characteristic of horses, cattle and sheep, whereas others are more commonly found in lower mammals such as the rabbit. the reason for this staggered evolution in the development of t ...	1980	7376815
a short study of the seminal colliculus in some mammals.	the seminal colliculus is completely absent in the donkey. it is fibroglandular in the males of camel, ox, buffalo and pig. prostatic acini are richly found in its depth. they are lined by cubical or low columnar epithelium, are separated from each other by trabeculae of connective tissue and smooth muscle, and separated from the deeper prostrate gland by the striated muscle of the urethra. a rare type of seminal colliculus was once encountered in the ox. this type is muscular with autonomic gan ...	1980	7386162
plague in camels and goats: their role in human epidemics.	in 1976, in a small, remote libyan village, one apparently sick camel was slaughtered and skinned, and the camel meat was distributed for human comsumption. a few days later, 15 villagers suffered a severe febrile illness. of the five individuals who had participated in the killing and dispensation of the camel, all were dead within four days. when samples of serum from nine of the remaining patients were examined, seven were found to be positive for plague as determined by the passive hemagglut ...	1980	7391614
blood protein polymorphism in the one-humped camel (camelus dromedarius) in the sudan.	the blood protein polymorphism of serum albumin, haptoglobin, transferrin, ceruloplasmin and haemoglobin have been studied in 135 samples from one-humped arabian camel (camelus dromedarius) of the sudan by starch gel electrophoresis. only the serum albumin and haptoglobin systems exhibited polymorphism with the estimated frequencies of 0.0222, 0.2227 and 0.7773 for albv, hp1 and hp2 respectively. the frequency of hp0 was 0.0325. no electrophoretic variant was observed at transferrin, ceruloplasm ...	1980	7396242
a case report of coccidiosis caused by eimeria cameli in a camel (camelus dromedarius) in nigeria.	the gross and histopathologic lesions caused by eimeria cameli in the intestinal tract of a camel (camelus dromedarius) are described. post mortem examination showed lesions in the small intestine which had swollen mucosa on which were numerous whitish-grey foci. histologically, giant schizonts in various developmental stages were seen in the lamina propria of the jejunum. the associated inflammatory cellular response in these areas was predominantly mononuclear and eosinophilic in character.	1980	7411744
changes in the levels of some serum enzymes in dromedary camels infected with trypanosoma evansi.	the serum levels of sorbitol dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase in healthy male dromedary camels were determined. the camels were then infected with trypanosoma evansi and the same enzymes determined at intervals, both during the period of infection and after treatment with the trypanocidal drugs suramin and quinapyramine sulphate. increases in the serum levels of sorbitol dehydrogenase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and gluta ...	1980	7414087
ataxia and spinal cord degeneration in llama, wildebeeste and camel.	clinical and pathological findings from instances of ataxia in a group of wildebeeste (connochaetes taurinus), two llamas (llama glama) and one arabian camel (camelus dromedarius) are presented. clinically, all the affected animals showed a non-febrile, progressive ataxia. neuropathologically, wallerian degeneration was diffuse in the spinal cord of the camel and llamas but was focal in the wildebeeste. degeneration was present in the cervical dorsal roots in the wildebeeste and in the ventral n ...	1980	7434534
evaluation of xylazine in camels.	when xylazine was given intramuscularly to 12 apparently healthy adult camels (camelus dromedarius) at the rate of 0.4 mg/kg of body weight, mean values for onset of weak time, down time, and time until recovery were 8.6 +/- 1.1, 10.5 +/- 0.6, and 150 +/- 56.9 minutes, respectively. mild salivation, drooping of lower lips, and relaxation of neck were observed at meant times of 15.3 +/- 4.9, 11.0 +/- 1.7, and 22.7 +/- 3.9 minutes, respectively. analgesic effects remained for 60 to 90 minutes. hem ...	1980	7451329
[phosphate-hemoglobin interaction: concerning the respiration of adult man, human fetus, the llama and dromedary (author's transl)].	the perinatal control of the oxygen affinity of human blood and the high altitude respiration of the llama is discussed. furthermore, the sequences of the beta-chains of the hemoglobin of man, llama, dromedary and the gamma-chains of human fetal hemoglobin are reported. considering physical, physiological, and chemical data it is shown that the human fetal respiration and the high altitude respiration of llama are based on a similar molecular mechanism and are marked by a reduced mutual effect o ...	1980	7453084
effects of sex and season on 10 haematological values of normal adult one-humped camel.		1980	7455286
[repair of the lower level of the face. technical note on the use of the "camel-back" delto-pectoral flap].		1980	7458298
parasitic infection of camelus dromedarius from iran.	25 intestinal tract, 30 oesophagus and respiratory organs and 47 liver of arabian camel were examined. 35 species of nematodes two species of cestodes one immature trematode one cestodes larvae, one diptera larvae, one microfilaria of lung worm and two external parasites were found. this is a first report of helminths in camel from iran. the nematodes: physocephalus sexalatus, ascarops strongylina, haemonchus contortus, cooperia punctata, nematodirus oratianus, nematodirella longissimespiculata, ...	1980	7460130
gastrointestinal osmolality electrolyte and organic acid composition in five species of east african herbivorous mammals.	inherent differences observed in ionic composition of gastrointestinal contents due to diet, feeding regimen and (or) site along the length of the digestive tract were controlled so that a clearer understanding of species differences could be obtained. three species of ruminants (i.e., zebu cattle, sheep and goat), a pseudo-ruminant (camel) and a nonruminant (donkey) were compared. specific differences were observed in organic acid concentration, ph and electrolyte composition at various sites a ...	1980	7462117
[innervation of the ovary in camelus dromedarius. structural findings].		1980	7469663
the fine structure of the boundary tissue of the seminiferous tubule of the camel (camelus dromedarius).	an ultrastructural study of the boundary tissue of the seminiferous tubule of the camel reveals that it consists of three lamellae; inner fibrous, inner cellular and outer cellular. the inner lamella is subdivided into two homogeneous layers enclosing a third one that contains collagenous fibres and fine filaments. the inner cellular lamella consists of several layers of myoid cells; each layer is separated from the adjacent layer by homogeneous material and varying amounts of collagen. the oute ...	1980	6157293
beta-endorphin: dissociation of receptor binding activity from analgesic potency.	biological activities of synthetic camel beta-endorphin and human beta-endorphin (beta h-ep) have been measured by the radioreceptor binding assay, using [tyr27-3h]-beta h-ep as the primary ligand and by the tail-flick test for analgesic potency. four synthetic analogs of beta h-ep, namely [gly31]-beta h-ep-gly-nh2, [gly31]-beta h-ep-gly-gly-nh2, [gln8,gly31]-beta h-ep-gly-gly-nh2, and [ch3(ch2)4nh231]-beta h-ep, have also been assayed by the same procedures. results indicate a clear dissociatio ...	1980	6246537
histological and histochemical studies on the mucosa of the initial dilated and middle long narrow part of the third compartment of the camel's stomach (camelus dromedarius).		1980	6450551
fibrous epulis in a one-humped camel (camelus dromedarius).		1980	6781178
[bacteriologic study of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and corynebacterium pyogenes isolated from the dromedary in ethiopia].		1980	7005997
the importation of the one-humped camel (camelus dromedarius) into australia during 1840-1841.		1980	7018488
morphological observations on the normal cardiac glands of the camel (camelus dromedarius).	the camel's stomach consists of 3 compartments. the third one was subdivided according the external and internal appearance into 3 parts: initial dilated part, middle long narrow part and terminal dilated part with a thick wall. the mucosa in the first 2 parts contain simple tubular glands separated by a clearly visible lamina propria mucosae, heavily infiltrated with lymphocytes which aggregates to form true lymph nodules especially in the retiform of the initial dilated part. it is concluded t ...	1980	7224185
histological studies on the testicular seminal pathway and changes in the epididymis of the camel (camelus dromedarius). part iv.	the testicular seminal pathway in the camel is divided into two portions: an intratesticular and an extratesticular portion. the intratesticular seminal pathway consists of three portions: a 'tapering terminal segment' of the seminiferous tubules opening into the receptacle, the tubuli recti with three parts and the rete testis. the extratesticular portion consists of the rete testis, as an extension of the intratesticular portion and an elongated sac from which 6-7 ductuli efferentes originated ...	1980	7270033
histoenzymic studies on the epididymis of camel.		1981	7281883
histoenzymic studies on the testis of camel.		1981	7281887
onchocerca gutturosa (neumann) in camels (camelus dromedarius) in the sudan.		1981	7305514
functional changes in the pregnant camel with special reference to foetal growth.		1981	7306781
[physico-chemical characteristics of fat and fatty acid composition of lipids from camel milk].		1981	7314621
[redescription of onchocerca fasciata r. and h., 1910, a parasite of the dromedary (author's transl)].	onchocerca fasciata r. and h., 1910, a parasite of the dromedary is redescribed for material collected at abha, saudia arabia. this onchocerca, which is the only representative of the genus in camelids, is by its primitive morphology closest to species parasitic in equids (o. reticulata, o. cervicalis and o. raillieti).	1981	7325527
experimental transmission of echinococcus granulosus of "camel-dog" origin to goats, sheep, cattle and donkeys.	the infectivity of a camel strain of echinococcus granulosus experimentally raised in dogs for domesticated food and burden animals was investigated. of the animal species that were inoculated orally with gravid segments, hydatid cysts developed poorly in goats and sheep, less well in cattle and not at all in donkeys by six month post-inoculation. cysts were most frequently found in the lungs, although other organs such as liver and spleen also contained cysts. histological examination of affect ...	1981	7333783
characterization of experimentally raised echinococcus granulosus of "camel-dog" origin.		1981	7333784
[reservoir of camel rabies in mauritania].		1981	7342211
salmonella in livestock and animal by-products in ethiopia.	samples derived from farm livestock, an abattoir and a bone factory, were examined for salmonella. twenty-seven serotypes were detected in 130 infected samples. a bone factory product was heavily infected. salmonellosis is considered to be an important disease of dromedary calves and poultry in ethiopia.	1981	7344186
[maintenance and diseases of the camel].		1981	7348946
differences in the post-translational processing of beta-endorphin in rat anterior and intermediate pituitary.	the immunoactive beta-endorphin-related material in extracts of rat anterior and intermediate/posterior pituitary was separated by ion exchange chromatography on sulfopropyl-sephadex (zakarian, s., and smyth, d. g. (1979) proc. natl. acad. sci. u.s.a. 76, 5972-5976). the profile of beta-endorphin immunoactivity in rat anterior pituitary was distinctly different from that found in intermediate/posterior pituitary. in the rat anterior pituitary, most of the immunoactivity co-migrated with syntheti ...	1981	7240165
[diffuse granulomatous metritis in the dromedary. histopathological findings].		1981	7256236
prepositional marking of source-goal structure and children's comprehension of english passives.	maratsos and abramovitch (1975) argued that the presence of a preposition is the major cue for the passive interpretation of sentences by children. experiment 1 of the present study demonstrates that the semantics of the preposition are more important than the syntactic form-class: in an otherwise passive frame (the giraffe is tickled ... the camel), from elicits as many passive interpretations from preschoolers as the usual by, whereas to elicits primarily active interpretations. the results of ...	1981	7265931
[effectiveness of peptic ulcer diet therapy using rations containing whole mare's and camel's milk].	diets enriched with whole mare and camel's milk were used for the management of peptic ulcer patients. a total of 164 patients were examined. of these, 59 received mare's milk, 40 camel and 65 cow's milk. on the basis of studying the time course of the clinical picture, secretory and motor functions of the stomach, as well as of the endoscopic appearance of the gastric and duodenal mucosa it was ascertained that apart from the improved clinical course of the disease, secretory and motor function ...	1981	7269439
antibodies to crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus in domestic animals in iraq: a seroepidemiological survey.	a seroepidemiological survey to determine the prevalence of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) virus and its circulation among animals in iraq was carried out in 1980. sera were collected from 2205 animals of different species in three different faunal areas of the country. sera were tested by complement fixation test for quantitative determination of antibodies to cchf virus. among 769 sheep tested 443 (57.6%) were positive; 279 of 562 (49.64%) goat sera; 122 of 411 (29.28%) cattle sera; 1 ...	1981	6806205
histological and histochemical studies on the fundic mucosa of the camel's stomach (camelus dromedarius).	the one-humped camel, like our domestic ruminants, has a capacious compartmentalized stomach and is a ruminating animal. in our studies wer followed the currently predominant opinion that the camel stomach consists of three compartments (vallenas, cummings, munnel 1971). the third one of it is considered as the tubular portion following the second compartment or reticulum and extends till to the pylorus. the tunica mucosa in the terminal dilated part (distal one-fifth) of this third compartment ...	1981	6453540
histological and histochemical studies on the pyloric mucosa of the camel's stomach (camelus dromedarius).		1981	6455937
coordinate, equimolar secretion of smaller peptide products derived from pro-acth/endorphin by mouse pituitary tumor cells.	the secretion of peptide products derived from pro-acth/endorphin was examined with several radioimmunoassays and with polyacrylamide gel analyses of immunoprecipitates of radioactively labeled peptides. in studies using a mouse pituitary tumor cell line the accumulation of each of the four molecular forms of adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth) in tissue culture medium was shown to be a linear function of time. no evidence for self inhibition of secretion by accumulated, secreted peptides (i.e., ...	1981	6262331
comparison of rat anterior and intermediate pituitary in tissue culture: corticotropin (acth) and beta-endorphin.	the forms of immunoreactive beta-endorphin-sized material in extracts of anterior and intermediate-posterior pituitary from the rat examined by the ion exchange chromatography method of zakarian & smyth. the anterior pituitary primarily contained material that co-migrated with synthetic camel beta-endorphin(1-31), whereas the intermediate-posterior pituitary contained relatively little such material. the majority of immunoactive beta-endorphin-sized peptides in the intermediate pituitary eluted ...	1981	6268382
opiate binding properties of naturally occurring n- and c-terminus modified beta-endorphins.	beta-endorphin is further processed within the pituitary and brain by either n-terminal acetylation, carboxy-terminal proteolysis, or both. these naturally occurring analogues are stored intracellularly and, in some tissues, represent the majority of beta-endorphin immunoreactivity detected by antisera. it is therefore critical to determine their relative potencies at the opiate receptor. this study demonstrates that cleavage of the c-terminus tetrapeptide brings about a 10-fold decrease in opia ...	1981	6272244
human beta-endorphin: specific binding in neuroblastoma n18tg2 cells.	the mouse neuroblastoma n18tg2 has specific, saturable binding sites for human beta-endorphin (beta h-ep). the affinity and number of sites are 1.1 nm and 280,000 per cell, respectively, beta h-ep binding is not inhibited by [leu]enkephalin or morphine at concentrations up to 0.1 mm; beta h-ep-(6--31) is a potent inhibitor of binding, and camel beta-ep is much less potent. the data suggest the importance of the nonenkephalin segment of the beta h-ep molecule for interaction with the binding site ...	1981	6273887
beta-endorphin: demonstration of a tertiary structure in aqueous solution.	difference spectra generated during thermolysin digestion of camel beta-endorphin at ph 8.2 or at ph 6.5 indicate rapid blue shifting of the near-uv absorption bands of the nh2-terminal tyrosine. a similar spectral change is not observed for the nh2-terminal tyrosine in [met]enkephalin when it is digested under similar conditions. these results suggest that enzymatic digestion destroys or alters some structural interaction between the nh2-terminal tyrosyl residue of the endorphin and a residue(s ...	1981	6278466
beta-endorphin: isolation, amino acid sequence and synthesis of the hormone from horse pituitary glands.	beta-endorphin has been isolated from equine pituitaries. its amino acid sequence is identical to that of ovine, bovine and camel beta-endorphins except for substitution of the threonine residue at position 6 by serine. the equine beta-endorphin has also been synthesized by the solid-phase method. in comparison with the human hormone, equine beta-endorphin was shown to possess 3 times the receptor-binding activity in rat membrane preparations and 1.6 times the analgesic potency in the mouse tail ...	1981	6281204
a biochemical study of adult and cystic stages of echinococcus granulosus of human and animal origin from kenya.	a comparative biochemical study was performed on adult and cystic stages of echinococcus granulosus. basic quantitative differences in metabolism were apparent between the cystic forms of sheep origin from the uk and kenya which suggest that each may represent a different geographical strain or sub-strain. the biochemistry of the human and sheep forms from kenya was very similar, which probably reflects a certain close affinity between the two. the fact that the cattle, goat and camel forms of e ...	1981	6164714
[tissue-specific retinal proteins in vertebrate evolution].	studies have been made on water soluble antigens of the retina from man and some animals. in the bovine retina, immunochemical analysis reveals, apart from antigens with a broad and narrow interorganic specificity, organospecific alpha 1- and rho-globulins. immunochemically, the bovine alpha 1-globulin is partially identical with the same protein of the human retina and completely identical to retinal antigens from cattle; rho-globulin is characterized as an interspecific antigen in man and mamm ...	1981	6169234
desaturation of exhaled air in camels.	we have found that camels can reduce the water loss due to evaporation from the respiratory tract in two ways: (1) by decreasing the temperature of the exhaled air and (2) by removal of water vapour from this air, resulting in the exhalation of air at less than 100% relative humidity (r.h.). camels were kept under desert conditions and deprived of drinking water. in the daytime the exhaled air was at or near body core temperature, while in the cooler night exhaled air wat at or near ambient air ...	1981	6111802
angioarchitectural studies of the utero-ovarian components in the camel (camelus dromedarius).	in 6 adult camels (camelus dromedarius) the uterus had 2 arteries on each side; one was the cranial uterine artery, which was a branch from the ovarian artery, and the other was the caudal uterine artery, which originated from the urogenital (vaginal) artery. there was no middle uterine artery, as is found in ruminants. the ovarian artery originated directly from the aorta and divided into 3 branches (ovarian proper, uterine and oviduct arteries) at a point approximately 5 cm before the ovary. t ...	1981	7452625
cervical sprain and fracture in a dromedary.		1981	6914859
influence of some factors on the fit of cemented crowns.	in the study, cast gold crowns were cemented similar to methods used for patients. conclusions were that: 1. fresh cement painted with a camel brush in the part of the crown to be cemented promotes a better fit than when the crown is completely filled with cement. 2. mechanical vibration of the crown at cementation promotes a better fit. 3. venting the crown, an internal relief by acid etching, or a combination of both these procedures improve the seating of the crown during cementation. 4. the ...	1981	6939845
a training tool in group dynamics. the camel-trading incident.	the objective of this training tool in group dynamics is to have the participants' experience and identify barriers to the accomplishment of group tasks and to give the trainer an opportunity to observe interaction within a particular group of participants. this exercise works best for groups which have been together long enough to establish mutual trust. there can be 10 to 20 participants and one should allow 1 1/2 to 2 hours. the materials required are pieces of paper to represent currency, ...	1982	12312111
the arabs and the science of population distribution.	before the establishment of demography as a scientific discipline, arab writers had developed and utilized demographic principles in their scientific writings about geography. early arab advances in demographic thought, especially in regard to population distribution, were discussed. (all dates were given as anno hegira (ah), i,e., the dates accord with the muslim calendar in which the 1st year coincides with mohammed's flight from mecca in 622). as early as the 2nd century hegira, a number of ...	1982	12266315
the level and distribution of disaccharidases in the camel (camelus dromedarius) intestine.	1. the disaccharidases, cellobiase, isomaltase, lactase, maltase, sucrase and trehalase were investigated for presence in the camel (camelus dromedarius) intestine and pancreas. all, except sucrase, were present. 2. their levels of activities were measured at different positions of the small and large intestines and the location of maximum level of activity for each enzymes along the intestinal tract was established. 3. high levels of activities were determined in the contents of the intestinal ...	1982	6121646
isoelectric point determination of human and camel beta-endorphin, alpha-endorphin and enkephalins.		1982	6122446
studies on the structural prerequisites for the activation of the beta-endorphin receptor on the rat vas deferens.	the inhibitory activity of a variety of opioid peptides was tested on the electrically stimulated rat vas deferens. human beta-endorphin (beta h-ep) was the most potent of the opoioid-like peptides; it produced half-maximal inhibition of the neuromuscular twitching at a concentration of about 100 nm. the potency of beta h-ep was greater than that of camel, porcine, ovine or leucine5 beta h-ep, alpha-n-acetyl beta-ovine-ep was inactive. in contrast to beta-endorphin (beta-ep), methionine and leuc ...	1982	6123591
histomorphological study of the jg complex of the one-humped camel (camelus dromedarius).		1982	6213173
[lumbosacral plexus of the dromedary (camelus dromedarius). i. descriptive anatomy of the cranial portion].		1982	6214971
the male genital tract of the dromedary (one-humped) camel (camelus dromedarius): gross and microscopic anatomy.		1982	6216826
beta-endorphin. interaction of synthetic analogs having different chain lengths with morphine and enkephalin receptors in rat brain membranes.	human beta-endorphin analogs with various chain lengths have been investigated for their potency in displacing tritiated dihydromorphine and leu-enkephalin binding in rat brain membrane preparations. it was found that the reduction of chain length from residues 1-31 to 1-5 led to a gradual loss of preference for the morphined receptor. in addition, the extension of the chain length of the met-ekephalin segment to the cooh-terminal glutamic acid modified the binding of the nh2-terminal sequence t ...	1982	6288588
beta-endorphin: analgesic and receptor binding activity of non-mammalian homologs.	analgesic potencies of turkey, ostrich and des-acetyl salmon beta-endorphins have been measured in the tail-flick test and binding affinities determined by radio-receptor assay. the duration of analgesia and the slope of the dose-response curves generated by these peptides are similar to those elicited by mammalian beta-endorphins. this suggests that they act in vivo and in vitro on the same population of opiate receptors. the ratio of binding to analgesic potencies observed for these peptides v ...	1982	6288596
renal cell carcinoma in a camel (camelus dromedarius).		1982	7072103
technique for liver biopsy in the dromedary camel.	a technique for needle liver biopsy in camels was developed. xylazine, 15 mg/100 kg intravenously, was used for sedation and analgesia. a 1.2 mm x 7 cm menghini needle was introduced anteroventrally through the ninth right intercostal space, 1 cm caudal to the ninth rib and 2 cm dorsal to the costal cartilage. the needle was directed toward the contralateral olecranon with the camel in sternal recumbency. a core of liver tissue between 1 and 2 cm long was obtained from 99 of 120 attempts in 23 a ...	1982	7072122
kadam virus (togaviridae, flavivirus) infecting camel-parasitizing hyalomma dromedarii ticks (acari: ixodidae) in saudi arabia.		1982	7086856
innervation of the skin of camel (camelus dromedarius) as revealed by cholinesterase technique.	skin samples from 4 body sites were taken from 10 camels and histochemically treated for the localization of ache and buche enzymes. the sebaceous and sewat glands were active site for both enzymes. the weat gland were innervated by a plexus of ache-positive nerve fibers. in the papillary layer, the nerve breaks to form a plexus supplying the blood vessels, from this plexus fibers end in the deep interface of the epidermis. end bulbs and free intraepidermal nerve ending reactive for ache were de ...	1982	7095388
balantidiasis in a camel.		1982	7112868
the submucosal glands and the orientation of the musculature in the oesophagus of the camel.	the histological structure of the oesophagus of the camel in different parts of its course was investigated with tissues from seven camels, and with haematoxylin and eosin and masson's trichrome stain. gross dissections confirmed the orientation of the muscle fibres in the tunica muscularis. the epithelium showed heavy cornification. many submucosal mucous glands were found throughout the length and all round the wall of the oesophagus. this was contrary to what has been reported generally for r ...	1982	7130050
[glucose levels and various enzyme activities (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, acid and alkaline phosphatases, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) in camel serum during the day].		1982	7138221
camel bite injuries.		1982	7161497
the morphology and cytoarchitecture of the red nucleus of the one-humped camel (camelus dromedarius).	the red nucleus of the camel was delineated and reconstructed. for this purpose, three camel brain stems were used for making serial sections in the transverse, sagittal and horizontal planes after double embedding in celloidin-paraffin. all sections were mounted. nissl and nissl-myelin methods were used for staining. the red nucleus was reconstructed by using a leitz drawing device; it was seen to have the shape and form of an egg with a flattened medial surface. the red nucleus measures 8.35 m ...	1982	7169523