Publications

[the genus onchocherca : hypothesis on its evolution and a key to the species (author's transl)].	a phylogenetic tree and a dichotomic key to the species in the genus onchocerca are proposed. the origin and principal evolution have taken place in africa where the most primitive species (o. railieti in the donkey) and the greatest number of species (half of the 24 representatives of the genus) occur. this evolution apparently took place in a relatively recent geological period, corresponding perhaps to the establishment of the equidae in africa during the pleistocene. the species in humans, o ...	1981	7332196
experimental transmission of echinococcus granulosus of "camel-dog" origin to goats, sheep, cattle and donkeys.	the infectivity of a camel strain of echinococcus granulosus experimentally raised in dogs for domesticated food and burden animals was investigated. of the animal species that were inoculated orally with gravid segments, hydatid cysts developed poorly in goats and sheep, less well in cattle and not at all in donkeys by six month post-inoculation. cysts were most frequently found in the lungs, although other organs such as liver and spleen also contained cysts. histological examination of affect ...	1981	7333783
rabies in farm livestock in nigeria.	between 1944 and 1977, the distribution of confirmed cases of rabies in farm livestock in nigeria were 15 in cattle, 8 in goats, 4 each in sheep, pigs and horses and two in donkeys respectively. the less-cared-for pastoralist sheep - dogs as well as stray dogs have so far been the sole propagating animal species of rabies to farm livestock although wild fauna have been suspected. the fact that cases are sporadic and lower incidence of livestock rabies is generally reported than the number that a ...	1981	7333785
genetic linkage between the ah locus and a major gene that inhibits susceptibility to audiogenic seizures in mice.	mice of the dba/2 (d2) strain are highly susceptible to sound-induced seizures at 21 days of age; whereas, mice of the c57bl/6 (b6) strain are resistant to these seizures. although the difference in susceptibility to audiogenic seizures (ass) between these two strains is inherited as a multiple-factor trait, an association was observed between susceptibility to ass and the ah locus. the ah locus controls the inducibility of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (ahh) activity by a number of aromatic hydr ...	1981	7341353
remanent magnetic fields for measuring particle retention and distribution in the lungs.	a relatively inexpensive method for the noninvasive in vivo detection of ferrimagnetic particles within the lungs of a large laboratory animal, viz., the donkey, is described. the particles were neutron activated prior to inhalation, which permitted a comparison of two different retention measurements for the same particles, i.e., a well-characterized radiological-detection method concurrent with the newer magnetic-field technique. the long-term clearance of the particles from the lung was monit ...	1981	7346267
clarification of the database concept.	our concern is that nursing databases be structured to improve the efficiency of decision-making in nursing. the selection of database management systems that are compatible with the computer resources in a majority of settings is important to methodology. to facilitate methodological development, we encourage the inclusion of information in the nursing literature that details the investments in personnel, equipment, and facilities required to develop computerized databases. in the current state ...	1981	7015291
comparative morphometry of the upper bronchial tree in six mammalian species.	the length, diameter, and angle of branching of all airways through the sixth level of branching below the trachea were measured on corrosion casts prepared from the lungs of two animals whose bronchial geometry has not previously been studied, namely the donkey and the rabbit. these measurements and morphometric data for the rat, hamster, dog, and human obtained from other sources were analyzed and compared. the case prepared from human lungs exhibited an airway geometry that was clearly distin ...	1981	7013567
the jawbone of an ass.		1981	6910290
patterns of vestibular and neck responses and their interaction: a comparison between cat cortical neurons and human psychophysics.	the present study provides evidence that during whole-body rotation and during isolated rotation of either the head or the trunk, essentially the same processing of labyrinthine and neck afferent inputs takes place in neurons of the cat's ass cortex and in humans who try to distinguish these stimulus conditions. this processing includes, among others (1) measurement of angular velocity and displacement during labyrinthine stimulation (whole-body rotation); (2) indication of trunk rotation as wel ...	1981	6951443
intestinal microflora and aging: age-related change of enzymes in the liver and the small intestine of germ-free and conventional rats.	the activities of various enzymes involved in detoxication and carbohydrate metabolism in the liver and the gastrointestinal tract of germfree (gf) and conventional (cv) rats, 8 and 40 weeks' old, were measured in relationship to intestinal microflora and aging. in 8-week-old rats, the activities of nitroreductase (nr) and aniline hydroxylase (ah) in the liver, and of alkaline phosphatase (alp), maltase and lactase in the duodenum were higher in gf than in cv rats, but the activities of arginosu ...	1981	6796785
comparison of argininosuccinate synthetase from young and old rat livers.	properties of argininosuccinate synthetases (ass), including immunological properties and heat stability, from young and old rats were quite similar. however the degradation rates of ass from young and old rats were found to be different as shown in the experiment using the double labeling technique. three forms of this enzyme from young and old rat livers were separated by deae-sephadex a-50 column chromatography, and they were called ass 1, 2 and 3 in order of elution. the degradation rate of ...	1981	6798716
[final host specificity of sarcocystis species transmitted by dogs (authors's transl)].	dogs and raccoons were fed muscle of various intermediate hosts that had been infected either naturally or artificially wit sarcocystis species transmitted from dogs. the muscle samples used for the experiments contained cysts of the following species: s. sp. of the donkey, s. bovicanis of cattle, s. ovicanis and s. sp. of sheep, s. suicanis of pigs, or s. capracanis and s. sp. of goats. in all trails, the dogs shed sporocysts of the sarcocystis species concerned after a typical prepatency. in t ...	1981	6798774
[the dentition of the domestic donkey (equus asinus asinus l.). morphologic and roentgenologic studies].		1981	6454364
anthelmintic control of lungworm in donkeys.	a field study was designed to investigate the re-establishment of patent lungworm infections in donkeys following an anthelmintic treatment regime which was effective against dictyocaulus arnfieldi. in april 1979 faecal samples from 259 donkeys were examined and each animal classified as a negative, low positive or high positive excretor of lungworm larvae. during the summer the control group of 126 donkeys showed an increase in the number of excretors from 80 per cent in april to 91 per cent in ...	1981	6457739
[selective inactivation of specific t-suppressors immune to h-2 complex antigens and prevention of their generation in vivo by antisuppressor xenogenic antibodies].	rats were immunized with mouse lymphocytes enriched by the absorption-elution technique with specific suppressor t-cells (stc) immune to antigens of the h-2 complex. the anti-suppressor sera (ass) obtained being absorbed with mouse erythrocytes and lymph node cells killed in the presence of complement about 30 per cent of the stc-enriched cell population and inactivated the stc in vitro function in a selective fashion, not affecting the function of other t-cell subclasses, killers and mif-produc ...	1981	6457978
[prevalence of lungworm d. arnfieldi (cobbold 1884) in donkeys in denmark and in horses in herds together with donkeys (author's transl)].	during a 5 months' period from january to may 1981 faecal samples of 176 donkeys from 59 herds all over the country were examined at the institute of internal medicine, the royal veterinary and agricultural university, copenhagen. in addition, the investigation also included 106 horses from 30 of the donkey herds and 34 horses hospitalized with symptoms of dyspnoea and chronic coughing. in all, 87.5% of the donkeys were shown to excrete d. arnfieldi larvae, often in very high numbers, and the la ...	1981	6460220
biological functions and receptor binding activities of equine chorionic gonadotrophins.	the role of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (cg, formerly termed pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin, pmsg) in maintaining equine pregnancy was investigated by examining the effects of this hormone on the maternal ovaries during early gestation and relating these findings to the receptor binding activities of cg in vitro. measurement of plasma progestagen profiles in mares and donkeys carrying horse, donkey, mule ( female horse x male donkey) and hinny (female donkey x male horse) conceptuses confi ...	1981	6265633
correlation between the association and the desmutagenicity of benzo(a)pyrene by hemin: comparison with hemoproteins, transient metals and amines.	the mutagenicity of the potent carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene proved to be lost by binding with hemin and other tested compounds. the association constant (kass) and the desmutation constant (kmut) of benzo(a)pyrene and hemin were 8.5 x 10(4) m(-1) and 7.0 x 10(-4) m(-1), respectively. the correlation coefficient (gamma) of the association and the desmutation of benzo(a)pyrene and hemin was nearly 1, and the coefficient of regression of association on the desmutation, gamma (sigma ass/sigma mut), was ...	1981	6266647
fetal hemoglobin and clinical severity of homozygous sickle cell disease in early childhood.	the relationship of the clinical features of homozygous sickle cell disease in the first two years of life to the level of fetal hemoglobin at age 6 months was investigated. mean hgbf levels were significantly lower in children manifesting early palpable splenomegaly, dactylitis, acute splenic sequestration, and in those who died. the risks of dactylitis and ass were significantly greater in patients with lower hgbf levels. since early splenomegaly itself may increase the risks of ass, infection ...	1981	6161241
chronic respiratory disease in a horse infected with dictyocaulus arnfieldi.	a 6-year-old thoroughbred gelding was examined because of respiratory disease that developed after it was placed on pasture occupied by a donkey. clinical signs in the gelding included a harsh, dry paroxysmal cough and increased expiratory effort. eosinophils were seen in smears of mucus aspirated from the trachea and the bronchi. immature, 5th-stage dictyocaulus arnfieldi was identified in the tracheal mucus. the cough and other clinical signs were not diminished by corticosteroid therapy or by ...	1981	6210648
natural infection with dictyocaulus arnfieldi in pony and donkey foals.	from june to october 1978 four pony mares and foals and two donkey mares and foals grazed a paddock contaminated with dictyocaulus arnfieldi larvae. no signs of respiratory disease were seen in the foals but within 11 weeks of exposure to the paddock all six developed patent lungworm infections. in october 1978 one donkey and two pony foals were killed. at post mortem examination parasites in various stages of development and measuring up to 8 cm in length were found in the lungs. at this time t ...	1981	6210940
administration of antisomatotropin serum in diabetes mellitus.	the effect of antisomatotropin serum (ass), raised in horse against human growth hormone, on the carbohydrate metabolism of diabetics has been investigated. among the eight diabetic patients treated so far two had gh secreting pituitary adenoma, two insulin-dependent, and four others adult onset diabetes mellitus. the glucose tolerance curve improved in all but one patient. the effect lasted for two--four weeks. because of this short time of efficiency, the place of ass in the definite treatmen ...	1981	7227326
immunochemical determination of ldh-1.	an evaluation of a new immunochemical method for the heart isoenzyme of lactic dehydrogenase (ldh-1) is described. in this assay, a goat antibody against the m subunit of ldh is added to a patient's serum. donkey antigoat gamma globulin is then added, which precipitates the m-anti-m complex. ldh activity in the supernatant is thus a measure of the heart isoenzyme, since this isoenzyme is not precipitable by the anti-m antibody. assays for total ck, ck-mb, and total ldh, and ldh electrophoresis w ...	1981	7234756
studies of feral donkeys in the victoria river-kimberleys area. observations on behaviour, reproduction and habitat and some possible control strategies.		1981	7337594
behavioral, follicular and gonadotropin changes during the estrous cycle in donkeys.	sexual behavior, follicular development and ovulation, and concentrations of circulating gonadotropins during the estrous cycle were studied during the summer in 7 jennies. mean behavioral estrous length was 6.4 +/- 0.6 days (mean +/- sem, n=19; 5.6 +/- 0.5 days preovulatory and 0.8 +/- 0.2 days post-ovulatory). mean diestrous length was 19.3 +/- 0.6 days (n=14). females in estrus typically showed posturing, mouth clapping, clitoral winking, urinating and tail raising. mouth clapping began appro ...	1981	16725637
cryptorchidism and malformations of the scrotum and testes of donkeys.	scrotal palpations of 274 donkeys revealed 74 cases of cryptorchidism, which is an incidence of approximately 30%. three donkeys were found without scrotum evident and with ectopic testes. the histological changes in the ectopic testes were noted.	1981	16725583
anthelmintic efficacy of fenbendazole in donkeys assessed by the modified non-parametric method.		1982	7175906
[renovascular hypertension: comparison between transluminal dilatation and surgical procedures].	percutaneous transluminal dilatation (ptd; n = 45) was compared with surgical procedures (n = 51) in 96 patients with renovascular hypertension. since cases with atherosclerotic stenosis (ass) are known to show a different response to surgery than those with fibromuscular dysplasia (fmd), group-specific analysis was performed. in their two subgroups (ass and fmd) both surgical and dilated patients showed comparable mean age and sex distribution and serum creatinine. however, differences were obs ...	1982	6216589
thalamocortical neurons projecting to the areas surrounding the anterior and middle suprasylvian sulci in the cat. a horseradish peroxidase study.	the thalamic projections to the cortical area surrounding the anterior (ass) and middle (mss) suprasylvian sulci in the cat were studied using horseradish peroxidase histochemistry. the medial mss area (medial wall of the mss) receives thalamic afferents from the pulvinar-lateralis posterior (pul-lp) complex, posterior nucleus (pn) and medial interlaminar nucleus (min) and c laminae of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (gld). groups of labeled cells in the pul-lp complex are arranged to form ...	1982	6173250
determination of the protective epitopes on the glycoproteins of venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus by passive transfer of monoclonal antibodies.	we have previously characterized seven unique antigenic epitopes on the two envelope glycoproteins of the venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (vee) virus vaccine strain, tc-83, by using monoclonal antibodies. the in vitro function of virus neutralization was primarily associated with one epitope on the gp56 (gp56c). to determine which epitopes were important in protecting animals from vee infection, purified monoclonal antibodies were inoculated i.v. into 3-wk-old swiss mice. twenty-four hours l ...	1982	6183343
measurement of tissue disulfide groups by alcian blue 8gx and atomic absorption spectrophotometry.	the primary purpose of this study was to quantify tissue disulfides with alcian blue 8gx using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (ass) to measure the copper moiety of the alcian blue. the secondary purpose was to determine whether aqueous or alcoholic formalin was a better fixative for this procedure. sections of mouse renal cortex fixed in 10% neutral formalin (nbf) or in ethanol/formalin/acetic acid (afa) were stained in 0.5% alcian blue 8gx in 0.8 m mgcl2 with prior thiosulfation (+th) or w ...	1982	6185563
a human t-cell antigen defined by xenoantiserum to sézary leukemic cells: immunochemical and functional studies.	xenoantiserum to sézary cell leukemia cells (ass) was developed by immunizing rabbits with those cells and was absorbed with human red cells, liver, tonsil b cells, and cultured raji cells. this reagent reacted by immunofluorescence with virtually all human thymus and t cells. in the thymus, medullary cells reacted more strongly with ass than did cortical thymocytes. when immunoprecipitates that formed between ass and 125i-labeled lymphocyte surface glycoproteins were analyzed by sodium dodecyl ...	1982	6462056
monoclonal antibodies specific for cell culture mycoplasmas.	mycoplasma infection of cell cultures is still a major problem in some laboratories. although several methods can be used for their detection, identification is normally by serological procedures. as no commercial source for the necessary antibodies is available we have prepared monoclonal antibodies to the five mycoplasma species that account for the majority of cell culture infections. these antibodies have been characterized by the growth inhibition test (git), immunofluorescence, and enzyme ...	1982	6811415
properties of an aldose reductase from pig lens. comparative studies of an aldehyde reductase from pig lens.	two monomeric nadph enzymes from pig lens, an aldehyde reductase and an aldose reductase, have been characterized. the aldose reductase is obtained in a pure form. the aldehyde reductase, usually called hexonate dehydrogenase, is the same protein as that was recently isolated from pig liver [branlant, g. and biellmann, j.f. (1980) eur. j. biochem. 105, 611-621]. the aldose reductase is shown to have a number of properties in common with the aldehyde reductase, namely its physico-chemical propert ...	1982	6819141
pituitary and chorionic gonadotrophic control of ovarian function during early pregnancy in equids.	concentrations of fsh, lh, chorionic gonadotrophin (cg) and progesterone were measured during early pregnancy in mares and donkeys carrying normal intraspecies and transferred extraspecies conceptuses. a secondary rise in progesterone concentrations occurred in normal intraspecies horse and donkey pregnancy soon after the appearance of cg but fsh concentrations continued to fluctuate and were not influenced by cg production. in donkeys carrying transferred horse conceptuses fsh concentrations fe ...	1982	6820064
immunological aspects of the endometrial cup reaction and the effect of xenogeneic pregnancy in horses and donkeys.		1982	6962845
maternal anti-fetal cytotoxic antibody responses of equids during pregnancy.	the maternal immunological response to the developing equine fetus was investigated in 69 pregnancies of various genotypes. in normal intraspecies horse pregnancy (n = 16), 94% of mares produced strong cytotoxic antibody responses to paternal histocompatibility antigens which were first detectable between 44 and 70 days after ovulation. in all other types of pregnancy examined (intraspecies donkey, n = 19; interspecies mule, n = 6; interspecies hinny, n = 2; extraspecies horse-in-donkey, n = 3; ...	1982	6962872
characterization of antibodies to canine renal renin. studies of interspecies homology of renin using antibodies as probe.	antibodies raised to pure canine renal renin were used to probe homology of renin from other species. goat, rabbit, and mouse antibodies exhibited similar properties and were specific for renin as confirmed by immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis, and selective inhibition of renin enzymatic activity. goat antibody also inhibited the enzymatic activities of rat, hog, and bovine renin. immunologic cross reactivity was further confirmed by direct binding and competition assays. goat anti-(canine ...	1982	7040231
comparison of two recently published algorithms for assessing the probability of adverse drug reactions.	1 a simple valid and reliable method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions (adverse drug reactions probability scale, aps) has been recently described (naranjo et al., 1981a). 2 the results using aps were compared to those obtained with another more detailed algorithm (adverse reactions scoring system, ass) described by kramer et al. (1979). 3 sixty-three randomly selected adverse drug reactions (adrs) were rated by two observers, using aps and ass one year apart. the cases we ...	1982	7059419
a simple reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatographic determination of conjugated bile acids in serum and bile using a novel radial compression separation system.	a new hplc method for analyzing conjugated bile acids in bile and especially in serum is presented. for separation of novel radial compression system with a 10-cm flexible-walled reverse phase column (rcm-100 module, waters ass.) packed with micro-bondapak c18 was used. without any laborious hydrolysis and derivatization steps, 10 conjugated bile acids are separated easily with a mobile phase of methanol/0.01 mol/1 kh2po4 (150:50, v/v; ph 6.0) in about 30 min, determined with a variable uv detec ...	1982	7060274
[the sequence of hemoglobins from an asiatic wild ass and a mountain zebra].	the hemoglobins from an asiatic wild ass (equus hemionus kulan) and a mountain zebra (equus zebra) were analysed and the complete primary structure of the alpha and beta chains are described. the wild ass globin was separated in two alpha chains (alpha i and alpha ii) and one beta-chain by means of chromatography on cm-cellulose in 8m urea buffer at ph 6.5. the wild ass globin shows polymorphism in the alpha-chain like the horse hemoglobin. under the same chromatographic conditions only one alph ...	1982	7061044
fluorimetric determination of unsubstituted and 9(8)-o-acetylated sialic acids in erythrocyte membranes.	a method is described for all quantitative determination of free or glycosidically bound sialic acids with special reference to erythrocyte membranes. sialic acids, unsubstituted in their side chains, quantitatively yield formaldehyde after mild periodate oxidation (1 mm naio4, 15 min, 4 degrees c, in the dark). the formaldehyde is determined by the reaction with acetylacetone and ammonium acetate which leads to a sensitive fluorogen (f 410/510 nm). sialic acids o-acetylated at c-9 or c-8 are no ...	1982	7076126
[experimental model with the additional source of endogenous serotonin].	the only experimental approach to the increase in the body serotonin level is a pharmacological one that has a number of shortcomings. the authors suggest an experimental model with additional source of endogenous serotonin (ass-model) which occurs after embryonal gastrointestinal tract transplantation beneath the skin of adult syngeneic mice. the developing transplants showed significant amounts of serotonin and serotonin-producing enterochromaffin cells. the ass-model provides long-term and se ...	1982	7093493
a note on the vertebral formula of the donkey.		1982	7093650
relationship of cortex and medulla in the adrenal gland of the donkey.		1982	7100641
[the primary structure of the hemoglobin from a white rhinoceros (ceratotherium simum, perissodactyla): beta 2 glu].	the hemoglobin from a white rhinoceros (ceratotherium simum) was analysed and the complete primary structure of the alpha and beta chains is described. the globin chains were separated on cm-cellulose column in 8m urea buffer. the amino acid sequences were mainly determined by automatic degradation of tryptic peptides in the sequenator. the results show, that globin consists of one alpha- and several beta-chain types. the beta chains differ at position beta 62 where the amino acids threonine, se ...	1982	7141412
[gangliosides of neural and extraneural tissues of various species of mammals].	the ganglioside patterns of the forebrain, cerebellum and brain stem from horse, donkey, mule and goat have been determined by thin-layer chromatography. gm1, gd1a, gd1b and gt1b are the four major brain gangliosides. n-acetylneuraminic acid as the predominant sialic acid (congruent to 97%) and traces of n-glycolyneuraminic acid were found. the four above mentioned major gangliosides were also found in the forebrain, cerebellum and brain stem of adult rats. this pattern is not modified in rats u ...	1982	7146593
a screening test to differentiate cattle meat from horse, donkey, kangaroo, pig and sheep meats.		1982	7150136
studies on the excretion of ascorbic acid 2-sulfate and total vitamin c into human urine after oral administration of ascorbic acid 2-sulfate.	the excretion of ass and total vitamin c into urine after oral administration of ass to humans was investigated. when 10 mmol of ass was administered to the subjects, the excretion of ass into urine continued for 60 hr in males and 48 hr in females. the average amount excreted per hour was less than 5 mg. these results differed from those for asa and dasa orally administered to humans. the determination of vitamin c after oral administration of ass to the subjects consisting of ten males and six ...	1982	7161646
[pain and its management with drugs].	there must be a differentiation between acute and chronic pain. while acute pain should be treated causally, this is usually no longer possible when pain has become chronic. it may even become so intense that a chronic pain patient can no longer live a productive life. the pain threshold is decreased by endogenous substances like prostaglandin e, but also kallekrein and bradykinin. hyperadrenergic stimuli can advance pain; for example, the so-called phantom-limb pain. also important within the b ...	1982	7169835
pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a donkey.		1982	7173147
glycosylation patterns of the envelope glycoproteins of an equine-virulent venezuelan encephalitis virus and its vaccine derivative.	the equine-virulent venezuelan encephalitis virus, trinidad donkey (trd), was compared to its vaccine derivative, tc-83 virus, by examining the glycosylation of the two structural envelope glycoproteins (e1 and e2). the number of size classes of glycopeptides on the glycoproteins was determined by p-6 column chromatography following pronase digestion. the e1 glycoprotein had three glycopeptide size species and the e2 glycoprotein contained four size species ranging in mol. wt. from 1900 to 2700. ...	1982	7175499
studies on strongylus asini. i. experimental infestation of equines.	infective larvae were harvested from a culture of eggs collected from adult strongylus asini recovered from a free-ranging burchell's zebra, equus burchelli, in the kruger national park. worm-free zebra, horse and donkey foals were successfully infested, but infestation failed in a mule foal. at slaughter, 117-125 days post-infestation, s. asini in their 4th moult were recovered from the liver and portal veins. this is the first report of successful experimental infestation of these hosts with s ...	1982	7177594
field use of an acetylpromazine/methadone/ketamine combination for anaesthesia in the horse and donkey.		1982	7179678
mass-spectrometric investigations on hydration of nucleic acid components in vacuum.	association reactions between water and alkylated uracils. occurring under field-ionization conditions in a mass spectrometer at the tungsten point emitter surface, were studied at several temperatures. the origin of peaks observed in the mass spectra at m/e ratios corresponding to m+h and m+h-h2o were attributed to m-h2o and m-(h2o)2 hydrates, respectively, hydrogen-bonded via carbonyl groups of the diketopyrimidines (m) investigated. the appearance of these ions is explained in terms of the fi ...	1982	17000425
a case of steatitis and myonecrosis in a donkey foal.		1983	16030958
differentiation of meat according to species by the electrophoretic separation of muscle lactate dehydrogenase and esterase isoenzymes and isoelectric focusing of soluble muscle proteins.	species identification of fresh meat can be readily achieved by serological techniques with the limitation that closely related species, such as sheep/goat, cattle/buffalo and horse/donkey, cannot be differentiated. we have examined electrophoretic techniques with particular reference to the identification of meat from closely related species. the results showed that beef and buffalo meat and meat from red and grey kangaroos could be clearly distinguished by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamid ...	1983	6838437
a biochemical comparison of the in vitro replication of a virulent and an avirulent strain of venezuelan encephalitis virus.	the virulent venezuelan equine encephalitis (vee) virus strain, trinidad donkey (trd) and its vaccine derivative strain tc-83, demonstrated biological and biochemical differences in their replication. these two viruses had similarly shaped growth curves; however, trd virus-infected cells produced significantly more infectious virus than did the tc-83 virus-infected cells during the very early period of the replication cycle. trd virus inhibited host cell protein synthesis in vero cells earlier t ...	1983	6842187
molecular cytogenetics of the equidae. ii. purification and cytological localization of a (g + c)-rich satellite dna from equus hemionus onager and cross-species hybridization to e. asinus chromosomes.	a (g + c)-rich satellite dna component (p = 1.716 g/ml) has been fractionated from the total dna of the iranian subspecies of the asiatic wild ass, equus hemionus onager, by successive dactinomycin-cscl and netropsin sulfate-cscl isopycnic gradients. complementary 3h-rna (crna) transcribed from the satellite dna hybridized predominantly to the centromeric and telomeric constitutive heterochromatic regions of onager chromosomes. these studies have suggested that satellite dna's with similar seque ...	1983	6851669
observations on fasciola hepatica in donkeys from morocco.	regular monthly examination of a total of 422 donkey livers revealed fasciola hepatica infection throughout most of the year, with an annual prevalence of 5.9% (range 0-20%). the monthly mean number of worms per animal varied from 0 to 6.4 (annual average 1.6). of the infected animals 40% had less than ten worms, 28% between ten and 40, 24% between 41 and 70, and 8% over 71. the maximum number of flukes recovered from a single animal was 87. there were two peaks of infection, one in july (from t ...	1983	6882064
[the office computer is no "golden donkey"].		1983	6582710
a survey on neoplasia in domestic species over a 40-year period from 1935 to 1974 in the republic of south africa. iv. tumours occurring in equidae.	a survey was carried out on the neoplasms of horses, donkeys and mules which are recorded in the registration files of the section of pathology of the veterinary research institute, onderstepoort, in the republic of south africa, over a 40-year period from 1935 to 1974. a total of 378 tumours are recorded, 339 of which were in horses, 32 in mules and 7 in donkeys. sarcoids (38%), squamous cell carcinomas (23,5%), fibromas (8,2%), melanomas (8,0%), papillomas (4,5%), fibrosarcomas (3,4%) and lymp ...	1983	6634089
observational study of "urine testing" in the horse and donkey stallion.	although "urine testing" is said to enable the male equid to assess the sexual status of the mare, there are no reports in the literature of any detailed study of this behavioural response of the stallion. behavioural response to conspecific urine was studied in two horse stallions and one donkey stallion. the relevant nasopalatine anatomy is described. events observed during urine testing included head, neck, lip, jaw, tongue movements, penile changes and nasal secretion. nasal endoscopy indica ...	1983	6641679
estimation of 14c-triolein assimilation from postprandial serum radioactivity of 14c.	in an attempt to establish a test of lipid assimilation, based on the measurement of the postprandial serum radioactivity of 14c from ingested 14c-triolein, the activity of 14c was measured in serum samples, drawn 1,2,3,4,6 and 9 h after ingestion in 48 consecutive patients suspected of malassimilation. simultaneously, faecal excretion of 14c was measured to estimate 14c-triolein assimilation (f-14c-ass). f-14c-ass served as reference of 14c-triolein assimilation. the sum of the 2- and 4-h serum ...	1983	6648327
cortical infarction in rabbits with serum sickness following cyclosporin a therapy.	rabbits given acute serum sickness (ass) and treated with cyclosporin a (cya) developed glomerular capillary thrombosis and cortical infarction. these lesions were associated with severe endothelial injury and platelet-fibrin-leucocyte thrombi. they were not seen in untreated rabbits with ass, nor in normal rabbits given cya alone in equivalent doses. a similar renal lesion has been reported in patients receiving cya following bone marrow transplantation.	1983	6657686
hormonal regulation of two urea-cycle enzymes in cultured foetal hepatocytes.	foetal-rat hepatocytes were cultured in primary monolayer culture, and activity changes of argininosuccinate synthetase (ass, ec 6.3.4.5) and argininosuccinase (asl, ec 4.3.2.1) were followed under defined hormone conditions. in hormone-free medium, cultured cells maintained the enzyme activities at values equal to those of freshly isolated cells for at least 3 days. continuous addition of dexamethasone produced the development of the two enzyme activities, but only after the first 20h of cultur ...	1983	6661196
analysis of competition for substrate sites in an allosteric enzyme with co-operative kinetics. effects of damp and dump on donkey spleen deoxycytidylate aminohydrolase.	hypotheses about the interactions of effectors with conformations of allosteric enzymes having co-operative kinetics can be tested simply and exactly without knowledge of the nature of the intersubunit co-operativity by using a linkage approach to the analysis of steady-state kinetics. applying this approach to competition for substrate sites in the allosteric enzyme donkey spleen dcmp aminohydrolase, we show that the kinetics are consistent with the hypothesis that the substrate dcmp and the co ...	1983	6662104
onchocerca raillieti: adult location and skin distribution of the microfilaria in sudanese donkeys.	onchocerca raillieti is the only onchocerca species infecting sudanese donkeys; it occurs only in the ligamentum nuchae, especially in the lamellar part of the ligament. the morphological features of both uterine and skin microfilariae were determined. skin microfilariae are shorter than uterine ones and tend to accumulate in the regions of linea alba and withers of infected donkeys. the possible identity of the vector of this worm in the sudan is discussed.	1983	6668423
[combined effect of fm-100 and several anti-ulcer agents on ulcer induced by ligation of the pylorus in rats].	single administration of fm-100 (50, 200 mg/kg, i.p.), cimetidine (200, 800 mg/kg, i.d.), pirenzepine (5, 20 mg/kg, i.d.) and ass (20, 80 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently prevented ulcer formation in pylorus-ligated rats. fm-100 and pirenzepine dose-dependently decreased the volume of gastric juice with a slight increase in the ph, but scarcely influenced pepsin activity. the inhibitory effect of cimetidine on gastric secretion was characterized by an elevation in the ph of the gastric juice. ass a ...	1983	6688602
kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors derived by limited proteolysis of the inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor, ix. isolation and characterization of the inhibitory parts of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitors from several mammalian sera.	the inhibitory parts of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor-like proteins from several mammalian sera (sheep, goat, horse, donkey, pig, rabbit, rat and dog) were released by limited proteolysis with trypsin and were isolated by reversible binding to immobilized trypsin. the inhibitors are very similar with respect to their stability in acids, molecular masses and amino-acid compositions. they are different, however, in their inhibitory properties. in view of the known covalent structures of the inhibi ...	1983	6199277
infectivity of sarcocystis from donkey for horse via sporocysts from dogs.	the dog is the final host for sarcosporidia cysts from the oesophagus and diaphragm of donkeys from sardinia. the prepatent period lasted 9 to 10 days. sporocysts measured 12.2-13.8 x 9.2-9.9 microns. infection of a horse with 10(5) donkey/dog sporocysts increased the rectal temperature to more than 40 degrees c on days 10 and 20 after infection. on day 138 p.i. predominantly immature cysts containing metrocytes were found, especially in the oesophagus. infection on day 117 p.i. with 2 x 10(5) h ...	1983	6410602
the use of heterologous radioimmunoassays for the measurement of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone concentrations in horse and donkey serum.	heterologous double-antibody radioimmunoassay were developed for the measurement of fsh and lh concentrations in the serum of both horses and donkeys. the fsh assay employed a rabbit anti-ovine fsh serum which showed a complete lack of cross-reaction with equine chorionic gonadotrophin (ecg) and negligible cross-reaction with equine lh. the lh assay utilized an antiserum raised against highly purified ecg. this similarly showed negligible cross-reaction with equine fsh but its high cross-reactiv ...	1983	6418846
intra- and interspecific embryo transfer.	the procedures that are collectively referred to as embryo transfer (et) have many uses. they were first used as research tools to study fetal-maternal physiology. since the first successful mammalian embryo transfer in 1890, et has been utilized for enhancement of genetic selection; diagnosis and treatment of infertility; control of infectious disease transmission; screening for genetic defects; propagation of rare and endangered species; and the study of developmental biology. most of the embr ...	1983	6363609
on the presence, structure and probable functional role of taste buds located on the laryngeal surface of the epiglottis in some domestic animals.	the authors have performed a systematic investigation on the epiglottis to determine the number and topography of taste buds possibly present. these chemoreceptors are constantly present in the ruminants studied (goat, cattle), while their finding is always negative in the pig, horse and ass and varying in the other animal species examined. taste buds are, in the main, fairly numerous and show typical structure in very young kids and calves. on the contrary, in adult subjects degenerated taste b ...	1983	6364978
angiographic appearance of the metacarpus, phalanges and foot of the donkey.		1983	6141686
involvement of hypothalamic somatostatin in glucagon-induced suppression of growth hormone secretion in conscious rats.	the role of central glucagon in regulating gh secretion was studied in conscious male rats with chronic indwelling intra-atrial and intracerebro-ventricular (icv) cannulae. repeated blood sampling every 20 min from 1000 hr to 1700 hr showed two major gh bursts occurring at regular intervals (3.6 +/- 0.1 hr) around 1200 hr and 1540 hr. the icv (lateral ventricle) injection of glucagon (10 micrograms/rat) at 1100 hr inhibited spontaneous gh secretion, and the mean (+/- se) plasma gh levels from 11 ...	1983	6143299
neuropeptide-containing neurons of the cerebral cortex are also gabaergic.	neurons in the cat and monkey cerebral cortex were stained immunocytochemically for glutamic acid decarboxylase (gludcase; l-glutamate 1-carboxy-lyase, ec 4.1.1.15), somatostatin (srif), neuropeptide y (npy), and cholecystokinin octapeptide (cck). in all areas of cortex examined (somatic sensory, motor, parietal and visual areas), neurons displaying immunoreactivity for each of these molecules were nonpyramidal cells. co-localization of gludcase immunoreactivity with peptide immunoreactivity in ...	1984	6149547
severe systemic vascular necrosis in cyclosporin-treated rabbits with acute serum sickness.	rabbits given acute serum sickness (ass) and treated with cyclosporin a (cya) developed a severe, systemic vascular injury, which was not similar to that normally seen in ass. thirty-three nzw rabbits received a single intravenous injection of 250 mg/kg bovine serum albumen (bsa) with or without endotoxin (5 micrograms/kg), on day 0. groups of rabbits were given intramuscular cya as follows: 15 mg/kg/day from day -2 to +8, or 25 mg/kg/day from day -2 to +3 or day 0 to 5. muscular arteries of the ...	1984	6149761
the fibre type composition of the striated muscle of the oesophagus in ruminants and carnivores.	the fibre type composition of the striated muscle layer of the oesophagus of the cow, sheep, donkey, dog and cat was examined with standard histochemical methods and immunohistochemical staining using type-specific antimyosin sera. the heavy chain and light chain composition of oesophageal myosin was also examined using electrophoretic peptide mapping and 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis respectively. in the ruminants and donkey the oesophagus was composed of fibre types i, iia and iic with imm ...	1984	6233238
spread of equine lungworm (dictyocaulus arnfieldi) larvae from faeces by pilobolus fungi.	between 10 and 25% of the dictyocaulus arnfieldi larvae excreted in faeces from a naturally infected donkey were harvested as infective stages from faecal cultures by means of pilobolus fungi. the faeces were collected between 24 and 56 hours after drenching the donor animal with pilobolus spores and kept at 16 +/- 2 degrees c. most larvae were collected between the 5th and the 8th day of culturing during which period fructification and sporangium discharge also peaked. the sporangia and the adh ...	1984	6235481
[possible morphological differentiation of horse and mule kidneys from those of donkey and hinny].		1984	6236717
subcellular distribution of carbonic anhydrase and na+, k+- and hco3--atpases in brains of dba and c57 mice.	dba/2j mice are susceptible to audiogenic seizures (ass) in an age-dependent manner, susceptibility being maximal at 21 days of age and declining thereafter. dba, as compared with as-resistant c57bl/6j (c57) mice, had higher carbonic anhydrase (ca) activity in cerebral cortex, brainstem, and cerebellum homogenates at 21 days of age. ca activity was also increased in cytosolic (82%), microsomal (167%), and myelin (68%) subcellular fractions from cerebral cortex, and in cytosolic (51%) and mitocho ...	1984	6239773
arteria maxillaris of the donkey (equus asinus).		1984	6240949
castration of horses and donkeys with first intention healing.	a simple technique for castration of adult horses which results in first intention healing was devised. the technique involves a 'closed' castration with or without a transfixed ligature on the spermatic sac and suturing the scrotal skin with polyglycolic acid suture material. the postoperative course was characterised by mild oedema only and by rapid recovery. the results obtained during the course of removing 311 scrotal testes from horses and donkeys of all ages are described and discussed. t ...	1984	6095510
[eimeria leuckarti infection in equidae: extent and intensity in donkeys in germany].		1984	6370651
[low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg/day) following aortocoronary bypass operation].	a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of acetylsalicylic acid (ass) (100 mg/d, starting 24 h after operation) on vein graft patency. sixty of 88 patients having undergone surgery entered the study; in 24 of 31 patients in the placebo group and 22 of 29 patients in the ass-group angiography was performed 4 months postoperatively. there were no significant differences between the groups with respect to age, number of diseased vesse ...	1984	6379275
the measurement of urinary lh, by a solid-phase chemiluminescence immunoassay.	ovulation in women may be predicted or detected by a simple, solid-phase, chemiluminescence immunoassay for the measurement of urinary lh. an igg fraction of a donkey antiserum to rabbit immunoglobulins is passively adsorbed to the walls of polystyrene tubes. human chorionic gonadotrophin-succinyl-butyl-ethyl-isoluminol and a primary antibody (rabbit anti-human lh) is incubated with samples of early morning urine. after the binding reaction, the solution is removed by aspiration. the antibody-bo ...	1984	6385812
[wilhelm liepmann (1878-1939)--the fate of a gynecologist between the kaiser reich and fascism].	the paper gives a bioergographical survey on the german obstetrician and gynaecologist wilhelm liepmann. he was ass. professor at the berlin university. later he became director of the german women-institute, which was founded by the hauptverband der krankenkassen. in 1933 liepmann had to emigrate to turkey, where he got the chair of gynaecology at the university of istanbul.	1984	6388195
[experimental study on the significance of arachidonic acid metabolism in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma with an in vivo model in the guinea pig].	in anaesthetized artificially ventilated guinea-pigs from two breeds were produced histamine-induced bronchoconstrictions after pretreatment with acetylsalicylic acid (ass) and/or para-amino-methylbenzoic acid (pamba). it was detected a distinct but adverse action of ass on the intensity of bronchoconstriction in both animal groups. pamba was without any effect alone but mostly inhibited ass-action. since pamba inhibits phospholipase-a2 and ass inhibits cyclooxygenase--both key-enzymes of arachi ...	1984	6438929
the pineal gland of the horse. morphological and histochemical results. (with notes on the donkey and mule pineal).	the horse pineal gland has been investigated by morphological and histochemical methods. particular care has been given to the cellular types, to the eventual presence of neurosecretory activity and to the nature of the pigments. even in the horse pineal, it is possible to distinguish two populations of pinealocytes, morphologically but not histochemically distinct. a great number of pinealocytes are positive for the masson- hamperl reaction, and for gomori- bargmann 's chromic haematoxylin-phlo ...	1984	6203514
chemical, biological and immunological properties of pituitary gonadotropins from the donkey (equus asinus): comparison with the horse (equus caballus).	donkey gonadotropins (donkey luteinizing hormone, dlh; donkey follicle-stimulating hormone, dfsh) have been isolated in purified form from 191 donkey pituitaries using essentially the same procedures previously employed for the purification of equine gonadotropins. chemically, dlh and dfsh were observed to be similar to equine lh (elh) and fsh (efsh) in fractionation behavior and glycoprotein nature. two forms of the dfsh molecule were observed, as is the case for efsh. donkey lh had significant ...	1984	6329342
synthesis and evaluation of luminescent tracers and hapten-protein conjugates for use in luminescence immunoassays with immobilised antibodies and antigens. a critical study of macro solid phases for use in immunoassay systems, part ii.	this article describes the synthesis of labels and hapten-protein conjugates for use in bio- and chemiluminescent immunoassay systems, together with the problems encountered. the effects of maleimide upon acetate-, adenylate- and pyruvate kinase activity have been studied, as well as upon the luciferin-luciferase monitoring system. maleimide inhibited both acetate and adenylate kinase but showed no inhibition of pyruvate kinase and the monitoring reagent. four heterobifunctional reagents were te ...	1984	6470624
estimation of the stereoscopic threshold utilizing perceived depth.	recent reports in the literature indicate that a random-dot style of stereoscopic test is the most accurate method of assessing stereoscopic threshold [cooper, j., feldman, j. and medlin, d. (1979) j. am. optom. ass. 50, 821-825]. while this is undoubtedly true for those who can respond to the test, it is less so for very young, infirm or other patients who do not or cannot have the requisite attention span. this experiment finds that the amount of perceived depth seen on a test like the titmus ...	1984	6472854
ultrastructural and cytochemical study on the epithelium lining ductuli efferentes in equus asinus.	the ultrastructure and cytochemistry of the epithelium lining ductuli efferentes in adult equus asinus was studied. the epithelium is constituted of randomly distributed ciliated and non-ciliated cells extending from the basement membrane to the lumen. a third cellular type appearing to be in a degenerating state may also occur with variable frequency and is basally located. mainly "non-ciliated cells" display ultrastructural and cytochemical features which can be related to strong resorptive ac ...	1984	6477372
effects of extracellular calcium and magnesium on junctional intercellular communication in human fibroblasts.	the role of extracellular calcium and magnesium in intercellular communication via permeable junctions was studied by measuring metabolic co-operation between ass- and asl- human fibroblasts. communication through pre-existing junctions was not affected by the removal of extracellular calcium and magnesium from the medium. on the other hand, the establishment of communication through new permeable junctions, when ass- and asl- cells were mixed, was dependent on the presence of extracellular calc ...	1984	6499943
anatomical studies on the cerebellum of the donkey of egypt.	the cerebellar mass forms about 34.4 cm3. the ratio to the brain mass is 1:9.8. the cerebellar dimensions are 5.2 cm in width, 3.9 cm in height, and 4.9 cm in the rostrocaudal length. its weight is 37.6 g, it forms a relation of 1:9.4 (10.8%) to the weight of the whole brain mass. the cerebellar lobulation of the donkey is as follows: the rostral lobe consists of median lobules (lingula, lobulus centralis, and culmen) and lateral lobules (vinculum lingulae, ala lobuli centralis, and lobulus quad ...	1984	6510663
preliminary survey of domestic animals of the sudan for precipitating antibodies to rift valley fever virus.	in a preliminary seroepidemiological survey a total of 780 serum samples derived from various domestic animals of the sudan were examined for rift valley fever (rvf) virus precipitating antibodies. the incidence was approximately 34.3% in sheep, 33.2% in cattle, 22% in goats, 7.9% in camels and 4% in donkeys. the findings indicated that rvf is mainly prevalent in the rich savanna areas of the south as well as the irrigated areas close to the nile in the north. circumstantial evidence suggests th ...	1984	6512261
study of an outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in venezuela. the role of domestic animals.	during an outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a locality (las rosas, cojedes state, venezuela) previously non-endemic, 12.9% of humans, 7% of dogs and 21.4% of donkeys (equus asinus) had lesions with parasites. the agent in the three hosts was identified as leishmania braziliensis, subspecies braziliensis at least in man and donkey. the probable vector was lutzomyia panamensis. no infection was found in a small sample of wild mammals examined. the outbreak was apparently linked with the impor ...	1984	6535915
[determination of aluminum in the blood: extra-analytical factors].	values of al in serum or plasma of normal subjects reported in the literature vary greatly. the wide range reflects the analytical difficulties and large contamination problems. in order to obtain accurate results we report a direct method for determination of al-s(p) by using flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. (eta-ass). special attention was paid to the precautions to be taken in order to minimize external aluminum contamination. procedures are described to reduce contamination dur ...	1984	6545215
glomerular thrombosis and cortical infarction in cyclosporin-treated rabbits with acute serum sickness.	rabbits given acute serum sickness (ass) and treated with cyclosporin a (cya) developed glomerular capillary thrombosis and cortical infarction, lesions not seen in unmodified ass. thirty-three nzw rabbits received a single intravenous injection of 250 mg/kg bovine serum albumen (bsa) with or without endotoxin (5 micrograms/kg) on day 0. groups of rabbits were given intramuscular cya as follows: 15 mg/kg from day -2 to +8, or 25 mg/kg/day from day -20 to +3 or day 0 to 5. signs of this renal inj ...	1984	6696830