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spirorchiidiasis in stranded loggerhead caretta caretta and green turtles chelonia mydas in florida (usa): host pathology and significance.spirorchiid trematodes are implicated as an important cause of stranding and mortality in sea turtles worldwide. however, the impact of these parasites on sea turtle health is poorly understood due to biases in study populations and limited or missing data for some host species and regions, including the southeastern united states. we examined necropsy findings and parasitological data from 89 loggerhead caretta caretta and 59 green turtles chelonia mydas that were found dead or moribund (i.e. s ...201020481091
hydrodynamic stability in posthatchling loggerhead (caretta caretta) and green (chelonia mydas) sea turtles.swimming animals may experience a wide range of destabilizing forces resulting from the movements of their propulsors. these forces often cause movements in directions other than the intended trajectory (i.e., recoil motions), potentially increasing locomotor costs. we quantified rectilinear swimming stability for posthatchling loggerhead (caretta caretta) and green turtles (chelonia mydas). sea turtles predominantly swim via "aquatic flight", which is characterized by synchronous dorsoventral f ...201020417080
corneal fibropapillomatosis in green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) in australia.chelonid corneal fibropapillomatosis has not previously been recorded in australian waters. during 2008, 724 green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) were examined in queensland, australia at two sites, moreton bay (n=155) and shoalwater bay (n=569), during annual monitoring. in the same calendar year, 63 turtles were submitted from various sites in southern queensland for post-mortem examination at the university of queensland. four of the 787 animals (0.5%) were found to have corneal fibropapillomas ...201019954789
comparative phylogeny and historical perspectives on population genetics of the pacific hawksbill (eretmochelys imbricata) and green turtles (chelonia mydas), inferred from feeding populations in the yaeyama islands, japan.mitochondrial dna sequence polymorphisms and patterns of genetic diversity represent the genealogy and relative impacts of historical, geographic, and demographic events on populations. in this study, historical patterns of population dynamics and differentiation in hawksbill (eretmochelys imbricata) and green turtles (chelonia mydas) in the pacific were estimated from feeding populations in the yaeyama islands, japan. phylogenetic relationships of the haplotypes indicated that hawksbill and gre ...201020064003
relationship between fibropapillomatosis and environmental quality: a case study with chelonia mydas off brazil.we documented the presence of fibropapillomatosis (fp), a debilitating tumor-forming disease, in marine turtles in espirito santo bay (brazil) from march 2007 to april 2008, and assessed the value of a specific environmental index for predicting the prevalence of fp. turtles were captured monthly with entanglement nets and scored for presence and severity of fp. for the assessment of habitat quality, we used the ecological evaluation index (eei) based on benthic macrophytes. the fp-free control ...201020391916
detection of spirorchiid trematodes in gastropod tissues by polymerase chain reaction: preliminary identification of an intermediate host of learedius learedi.marine spirorchiid trematodes are associated with morbidity and mortality in sea turtles worldwide. the intermediate hosts remain unknown, and discovery efforts are hindered by the large number and great diversity of potential hosts within sea turtle habitats, as well the potential for low prevalence and overdispersion. a high-throughput dna extraction and polymerase chain reaction-based method was developed to detect the internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) region of the ribosomal gene of 2 spi ...201020496958
structure of the newly found green turtle egg-white ribonuclease.marine green turtle (chelonia mydas) egg-white ribonuclease (gtrnase) was crystallized from 1.1 m ammonium sulfate ph 5.5 and 30% glycerol using the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method. the structure of gtrnase has been solved at 1.60 a resolution by the molecular-replacement technique using a model based on the structure of rnase 5 (murine angiogenin) from mus musculus (46% identity). the crystal belonged to the monoclinic space group c2, with unit-cell parameters a = 86.271, b = 34.174, c = 3 ...201020606267
land use, macroalgae, and a tumor-forming disease in marine turtles.wildlife diseases are an increasing concern for endangered species conservation, but their occurrence, causes, and human influences are often unknown. we analyzed 3,939 records of stranded hawaiian green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) over 28 years to understand fibropapillomatosis, a tumor-forming disease linked to a herpesvirus. turtle size is a consistent risk factor and size-standardized models revealed considerable spatial and temporal variability. the disease peaked in some areas in the 1990 ...201020927370
antibiotic resistant bacteria as bio-indicator of polluted effluent in the green turtles, chelonia mydas in oman.antibiotic resistant bacteria were studied as bio-indicators of marine polluted effluents during egg-laying in green turtles. a non-invasive procedure for sampling oviductal fluid was used to test for exposure of turtles to pollution in ras al-hadd, oman, which is one of the most important nesting beaches in the world. each sample was obtained by inserting a 15 cm sterile swab gently into the cloacal vent as the sphincter muscle is relaxed and the cloacal lining is unfolded to the outside. forty ...201021237506
polychlorinated biphenyls and biotransformation enzymes in three species of sea turtles from the baja california peninsula of mexico.concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) as well as the expression patterns of cytochrome p450 (cyp) enzymes and glutathione-s-transferase (gst) activities were measured in livers of loggerhead (caretta caretta), green (chelonia mydas), and olive ridley (lepidocheyls olivacea) sea turtles from the baja california peninsula of mexico. the mean concentrations of total pcbs were 18.1, 10.5, and 15.2 ng/g wet weight (ww) respectively for the three species and pcb 153 was the dominant conge ...201019623473
validation of an in vitro cytotoxicity test for four heavy metals using cell lines derived from a green sea turtle (chelonia mydas).ten cell lines established from juvenile green sea turtles were tested and evaluated for their cytotoxic responses to four heavy metals: cadmium (cd), chromium (cr), zinc (zn), and copper (cu). following a 24-h exposure to these metal salts at selected concentrations, test cells were comparatively characterized by morphology, viability, and proliferation. experimental results indicated that all these metal salts were cytotoxic to these turtle cell lines at varied concentrations. calculated 10% a ...201019629729
effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the oxygen content of green sea turtle nests during embryogenesis.several biotic and abiotic factors can influence nest oxygen content during embryogenesis. several of these factors were determined during each developmental stage of green sea turtle embryos on wan-an island, penghu archipelago, taiwan. we examined oxygen content in 7 nests in 2007 and 11 in 2008. oxygen in the adjacent sand, total and viable clutch sizes, air, sand and nest temperatures, and sand characters of each nest were also determined. oxygen content was lower in late stages than in the ...201020480166
genetic barcoding of marine leeches (ozobranchus spp.) from florida sea turtles and their divergence in host specificity.ozobranchus margoi and ozobranchus branchiatus are the only two species of marine turtle leeches (ozobranchus spp.) known to inhabit the atlantic coast of the united states and the gulf of mexico. in early reports of fibropapillomatosis (fp) in green turtles (chelonia mydas), o. branchiatus was implicated as a vector in the transmission of fibropapilloma-associated turtle herpesvirus (fpthv). it is imperative that the leech species be identified to elucidate the role ozobranchus spp. may play in ...201121429133
fluke (spirorchiidae) infections in sea turtles stranded on taiwan: prevalence and pathology.abstract the prevalence of spirorchiid fluke infections of marine turtles is high and may cause the death of the hosts throughout their ranges. virtually nothing has been reported regarding the infective status of sea turtles stranded on taiwan. between 2007 and 2010, 30 green turtles (chelonia mydas) and 2 loggerhead turtles (caretta caretta), stranded and dead, were examined for spirorchiid flukes and their eggs. twenty-four of the green turtles were juveniles, and the stranded loggerhead tu ...201122032290
experimental degradation of polymer shopping bags (standard and degradable plastic, and biodegradable) in the gastrointestinal fluids of sea turtles.the persistence of marine debris such as discarded polymer bags has become globally an increasing hazard to marine life. to date, over 177 marine species have been recorded to ingest man-made polymers that cause life-threatening complications such as gut impaction and perforation. this study set out to test the decay characteristics of three common types of shopping bag polymers in sea turtle gastrointestinal fluids (gif): standard and degradable plastic, and biodegradable. fluids were obtained ...201122209368
measuring energy expenditure in sub-adult and hatchling sea turtles via accelerometry.measuring the metabolic of sea turtles is fundamental to understanding their ecology yet the presently available methods are limited. accelerometry is a relatively new technique for estimating metabolic rate that has shown promise with a number of species but its utility with air-breathing divers is not yet established. the present study undertakes laboratory experiments to investigate whether rate of oxygen uptake (vo2) at the surface in active sub-adult green turtles chelonia mydas and hatchli ...201121829613
evaluation of hematology and serum biochemistry of cold-stunned green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) in north carolina, u.s.a.hypothermia or cold-stunning is a condition in which the body temperature of an animal decreases below normal physiologic range and which has been linked to severe morbidity in sea turtles. reports have focused on the physiologic changes caused by cold-stunning in kemp's ridley sea turtles (lepidochelys kempii) and loggerhead sea turtles (caretta caretta), but few have evaluated the green sea turtle (chelonia mydas). this study evaluated hematologic and serum biochemical profiles of cold-stunned ...201122946402
biotransformation of 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (pcb 52) and 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (pcb 77) by liver microsomes from four species of sea turtles.the rates of oxidative metabolism of two tetrachlorobiphenyl congeners were determined in hepatic microsomes from four species of sea turtles, green (chelonia mydas), olive ridley (lepidochelys olivacea), loggerhead (caretta caretta), and hawksbill (eretmochelys imbricata). hydroxylation of 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (pcb 77), an ortho-meta unsubstituted rodent cytochrome p450 (p450) 1a substrate pcb, was not observed in sea turtle microsomes. sea turtle microsomes hydroxylated 2,2',5,5'-tetr ...201121480586
hydrodynamic stability of the painted turtle (chrysemys picta): effects of four-limbed rowing versus forelimb flapping in rigid-bodied tetrapods.hydrodynamic stability is the ability to resist recoil motions of the body produced by destabilizing forces. previous studies have suggested that recoil motions can decrease locomotor performance, efficiency and sensory perception and that swimming animals might utilize kinematic strategies or possess morphological adaptations that reduce recoil motions and produce more stable trajectories. we used high-speed video to assess hydrodynamic stability during rectilinear swimming in the freshwater pa ...201121389201
energy expenditure of freely swimming adult green turtles (chelonia mydas) and its link with body acceleration.marine turtles are globally threatened. crucial for the conservation of these large ectotherms is a detailed knowledge of their energy relationships, especially their at-sea metabolic rates, which will ultimately define population structure and size. measuring metabolic rates in free-ranging aquatic animals, however, remains a challenge. hence, it is not surprising that for most marine turtle species we know little about the energetic requirements of adults at sea. recently, accelerometry has em ...201122071193
the role of geomagnetic cues in green turtle open sea navigation.laboratory and field experiments have provided evidence that sea turtles use geomagnetic cues to navigate in the open sea. for instance, green turtles (chelonia mydas) displaced 100 km away from their nesting site were impaired in returning home when carrying a strong magnet glued on the head. however, the actual role of geomagnetic cues remains unclear, since magnetically treated green turtles can perform large scale (>2000 km) post-nesting migrations no differently from controls.201122046329
the effects of feeding on hematological and plasma biochemical profiles in green (chelonia mydas) and kemp's ridley (lepidochelys kempii) sea turtles.in mammals, lipemic blood from sampling too soon after an animal feeds can have substantial effects on biochemical values. plasma biochemical values in reptiles may be affected by species, age, season, and nutritional state. however, fasting status is not routinely considered when sampling reptile blood. in this paper, we evaluated 2-hour postprandial blood collection in two sea turtle species to investigate the effects of feeding on hematological and plasma biochemical values. feeding had no si ...201121776356
pollutants and the health of green sea turtles resident to an urbanized estuary in san diego, ca.rapid expansion of coastal anthropogenic development means that critical foraging and developmental habitats often occur near highly polluted and urbanized environments. although coastal contamination is widespread, the impact this has on long-lived vertebrates like the green turtle (chelonia mydas) is unclear because traditional experimental methods cannot be applied. we coupled minimally invasive sampling techniques with health assessments to quantify contaminant patterns in a population of gr ...201121549409
rate of egg maturation in marine turtles exhibits 'universal temperature dependence'.1. the metabolic theory of ecology (mte) predicts that, after correcting for body mass variation among organisms, the rates of most biological processes will vary as a universal function of temperature. however, empirical support for 'universal temperature dependence' (utd) is currently equivocal and based on studies of a limited number of traits. 2. in many ectothermic animals, the rate at which females produce mature eggs is temperature dependent and may be an important factor in determining t ...201121517842
coastal habitat degradation and green sea turtle diets in southeastern brazil.to show the influence of coastal habitat degradation on the availability of food for green turtles (chelonia mydas), we assessed the dietary preferences and macroalgae community at a feeding area in a highly urbanized region. the area showed low species richness and was classified as degraded. we examined stomach contents of 15 dead stranded turtles (ccl=44.0cm (sd 6.7cm)). the diet was composed primarily of green algae ulva spp. (83.6%). in contrast, the macroalgae community was dominated by th ...201121450314
oxidative stress indicators and chemical contaminants in east pacific green turtles (chelonia mydas) inhabiting two foraging coastal lagoons in the baja california peninsula.in order to determine the potential effects of contaminants in juveniles of east pacific green turtle, chelonia mydas, captured alive, circulating trace metal and organochlorine pesticide concentrations were correlated with body condition, antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation levels. turtles were sampled in punta abreojos (pao) and bahía magdalena (bma). turtles from pao showed higher silicon and cadmium concentrations, but lower α-hexachlorocyclohexane, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane, ...201121377544
detection of low plasma estradiol concentrations in nesting green turtles (chelonia mydas) by hplc/ms-ms.in previous studies on nesting green turtles under natural conditions from different geographical regions, 17-β-estradiol (e(2) ) was either undetectable or detected at very low levels. ria and other related techniques were not sensitive enough to measure low e(2) values in the green turtles. in this study, a sensitive method was used in detecting low hormone concentrations: high performance liquid chromatography with tandem quadruple mass spectrometry (hplc-ms/ms). using this technique, estradi ...201121370486
quantifying the spatial ecology of wide-ranging marine species in the gulf of california: implications for marine conservation planning.there is growing interest in systematic establishment of marine protected area (mpa) networks and representative conservation sites. this movement toward networks of no-take zones requires that reserves are deliberately and adequately spaced for connectivity. here, we test the network functionality of an ecoregional assessment configuration of marine conservation areas by evaluating the habitat protection and connectivity offered to wide-ranging fauna in the gulf of california (goc, mexico). we ...201122163013
a comparison of the seasonal movements of tiger sharks and green turtles provides insight into their predator-prey relationship.during the reproductive season, sea turtles use a restricted area in the vicinity of their nesting beaches, making them vulnerable to predation. at raine island (australia), the highest density green turtle chelonia mydas rookery in the world, tiger sharks galeocerdo cuvier have been observed to feed on green turtles, and it has been suggested that they may specialise on such air-breathing prey. however there is little information with which to examine this hypothesis. we compared the spatial an ...201223284819
nesting phenology of marine turtles: insights from a regional comparative analysis on green turtle (chelonia mydas).changes in phenology, the timing of seasonal activities, are among the most frequently observed responses to environmental disturbances and in marine species are known to occur in response to climate changes that directly affects ocean temperature, biogeochemical composition and sea level. we examined nesting seasonality data from long-term studies at 8 green turtle (chelonia mydas) rookeries that include 21 specific nesting sites in the south-west indian ocean (swio). we demonstrated that tempe ...201223056527
fine-scale thermal adaptation in a green turtle nesting population.the effect of climate warming on the reproductive success of ectothermic animals is currently a subject of major conservation concern. however, for many threatened species, we still know surprisingly little about the extent of naturally occurring adaptive variation in heat-tolerance. here, we show that the thermal tolerances of green turtle (chelonia mydas) embryos in a single, island-breeding population have diverged in response to the contrasting incubation temperatures of nesting beaches just ...201221937495
to eat or not to eat? debris selectivity by marine turtles.marine debris is a growing problem for wildlife, and has been documented to affect more than 267 species worldwide. we investigated the prevalence of marine debris ingestion in 115 sea turtles stranded in queensland between 2006-2011, and assessed how the ingestion rates differ between species (eretmochelys imbricata vs. chelonia mydas) and by turtle size class (smaller oceanic feeders vs. larger benthic feeders). concurrently, we conducted 25 beach surveys to estimate the composition of the deb ...201222829894
the role of turtles as coral reef macroherbivores.herbivory is widely accepted as a vital function on coral reefs. to date, the majority of studies examining herbivory in coral reef environments have focused on the roles of fishes and/or urchins, with relatively few studies considering the potential role of macroherbivores in reef processes. here, we introduce evidence that highlights the potential role of marine turtles as herbivores on coral reefs. while conducting experimental habitat manipulations to assess the roles of herbivorous reef fis ...201222768189
reconstruction of paternal genotypes over multiple breeding seasons reveals male green turtles do not breed annually.for species of conservation concern, knowledge of key life-history and demographic components, such as the number and sex ratio of breeding adults, is essential for accurate assessments of population viability. species with temperature-dependent sex determination can produce heavily biased primary sex ratios, and there is concern that adult sex ratios may be similarly skewed or will become so as a result of climate warming. prediction and mitigation of such impacts are difficult when life-histor ...201222591073
mitochondrial dna str analysis as a tool for studying the green sea turtle (chelonia mydas) populations: the mediterranean sea case study.the mediterranean population of the green sea turtle chelonia mydas is critically endangered. genetic analysis of this population using the ordinary haplotyping system, based on sequence analysis of a segment of the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) d-loop (control region), revealed very little variation. the most common haplotype, cm-a13, was observed in all but three individuals in hundreds of samples in previous studies. in search for a more informative marker we sequenced the 3' of the mitochondrial ...201222578655
ultrastructural study of the spermatozoon of the digenean enodiotrema reductum looss, 1901 (platyhelminthes, plagiorchioidea, plagiorchiidae), parasite of the green turtle chelonia mydas (linnaeus, 1758) in senegal.this study describes the ultrastructural organisation of the spermatozoon of a digenean enodiotrema reductum (pligiorchiida: plagiorchiidae) from the green turtle chelonia mydas (linnaeus, 1758). this is the first report of e. reductum from senegal. the mature spermatozoon of e. reductum is filiform and exhibits two axonemes of the 9 + "1" pattern of the trepaxonemata, a nucleus, parallel cortical microtubules, an extramembranar ornamentation associated with spine-like bodies and granules of gly ...201222488200
mercury in the sea turtle chelonia mydas (linnaeus, 1958) from ceará coast, ne brazil.mercury concentrations in carapace fragments of the green turtle chelonia mydas from the ceará coast in ne brazil are reported. concentrations varied from <0.34 to 856.6 ng.g(-1) d.w., and were highest (average of 154.8 ng.g(-1) d.w.) in juveniles (n = 22), whereas lowest concentrations (average of 2.5 ng.g(-1) d.w.) were observed in adult/sub-adult animals (n = 3). there was a significant negative correlation between animal size and hg concentration probably due to different diets between juven ...201222441601
mitogenomic sequences better resolve stock structure of southern greater caribbean green turtle rookeries.analyses of mitochondrial control region polymorphisms have supported the presence of several demographically independent green turtle (chelonia mydas) rookeries in the greater caribbean region. however, extensive sharing of common haplotypes based on 490-bp control region sequences confounds assessment of the scale of natal homing and population structure among regional rookeries. we screened the majority of the mitochondrial genomes of 20 green turtles carrying the common haplotype cm-a5 and r ...201222432442
first histological and virological report of fibropapilloma associated with herpesvirus in chelonia mydas at príncipe island, west africa.marine turtle fibropapillomatosis is an emerging disease that affects marine turtles worldwide. this report describes the histopathological features and involvement of chelonid fibropapilloma-associated herpesvirus in marine turtle fibropapillomatosis detected in the green turtle chelonia mydas at príncipe island, gulf of guinea. the histopathological findings confirmed the presence of fibropapillomas with both verrucous and fibromatous subtypes. quantitative real-time pcr was used for detection ...201222411101
multiple distant origins for green sea turtles aggregating off gorgona island in the colombian eastern pacific.mitochondrial dna analyses have been useful for resolving maternal lineages and migratory behavior to foraging grounds (fg) in sea turtles. however, little is known about source rookeries and haplotype composition of foraging green turtle aggregations in the southeastern pacific. we used mitochondrial dna control region sequences to identify the haplotype composition of 55 green turtles, chelonia mydas, captured in foraging grounds of gorgona national park in the colombian pacific. amplified fra ...201222319635
turtle mating patterns buffer against disruptive effects of climate change.for organisms with temperature-dependent sex determination (tsd), skewed offspring sex ratios are common. however, climate warming poses the unique threat of producing extreme sex ratio biases that could ultimately lead to population extinctions. in marine turtles, highly female-skewed hatchling sex ratios already occur and predicted increases in global temperatures are expected to exacerbate this trend, unless species can adapt. however, it is not known whether offspring sex ratios persist into ...201222279164
identification of five reptile egg whites protein using maldi-tof mass spectrometry and lc/ms-ms analysis.proteomics of egg white proteins of five reptile species, namely siamese crocodile (crocodylus siamensis), soft-shelled turtle (trionyx sinensis taiwanese), red-eared slider turtle (trachemys scripta elegans), hawksbill turtle (eretmochelys imbricate) and green turtle (chelonia mydas) were studied by 2d-page using ipg strip ph 4-7 size 7 cm and ipg strip ph 3-10 size 24 cm. the protein spots in the egg white of the five reptile species were identified by maldi-tof mass spectrometry and lc/ms-ms ...201222266102
trace metals in an urbanized estuarine sea turtle food web in san diego bay, ca.san diego bay is an anthropogenically impacted waterway that is also a critical habitat for many sensitive species such as the green sea turtle (chelonia mydas). in this study, we quantified trace metal concentrations in sediment and organisms composing the green sea turtle diet, and identified bioaccumulation patterns for a suite of trace metals. we found ag, cd, cu, mn, se, and zn exhibited the highest bioaccumulation levels in this food web. cu and mn concentrations in resident biota displaye ...201222261404
presence of chelonid fibropapilloma-associated herpesvirus in tumored and non-tumored green turtles, as detected by polymerase chain reaction, in endemic and non-endemic aggregations, puerto rico.fibropapillomatosis (fp), a transmissible neoplastic disease of marine turtles characterized by a likely herpesviral primary etiology, has emerged as an important disease in green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) over the past three decades. the objectives of this study were to determine the suitability of three different chelonid fibropapilloma-associated herpesvirus (cfphv) gene targets in polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays of affected tissues; to explore the presence of cfphv in non-affected ...201223961364
nuclear markers reveal a complex introgression pattern among marine turtle species on the brazilian coast.surprisingly, a high frequency of interspecific sea turtle hybrids has been previously recorded in a nesting site along a short stretch of the brazilian coast. mitochondrial dna data indicated that as much as 43% of the females identified as eretmochelys imbricata are hybrids in this area (bahia state of brazil). it is a remarkable find, because most of the nesting sites surveyed worldwide, including some in northern brazil, presents no hybrids, and rare caribbean sites present no more than 2% o ...201222780882
particle-induced x-ray emission analysis of elements in plasma from wild and captive sea turtles (eretmochelys imbricata, chelonia mydas, and caretta caretta) in okinawa, japan.the aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of direct determination of trace and major element concentrations in plasma samples from wild (six hawksbill, nine green, and nine loggerhead) and captive sea turtles (25 howksbill, five green, and three loggerhead) in okinawa, japan. the particle induced x-ray emission method allowed detection of 23 trace and major elements (al, as, br, ca, cl, cr, cu, fe, hg, k, mg, mn, mo, ni, p, pb, s, se, si, sr, ti, y, and zn). the wild sea turtles were ...201222402882
the distribution and conservation status of green turtles (chelonia mydas) and olive ridley turtles (lepidochelys olivacea) on pulau pinang beaches (malaysia), 1995-2009.the green turtle (chelonia mydas) and olive ridley turtle (lepidochelys olivacea) are the only sea turtles with recorded landings in the pulau pinang coastal area. the green turtle has been the most abundant and widely distributed sea turtle in this area since it was first surveyed in 1995. statistical analysis by the pulau pinang department of fisheries on the distribution of sea turtles from 2001 through 2009 has identified pantai kerachut and telok kampi as the most strongly preferred beaches ...201224575226
[reproductive activity of chelonia mydas (testudines: cheloniidae) in isla de aves, venezuela (2001-2008)].the second major nesting-site for green turtles in the caribbean is isla de aves, an island protected as a wildlife refuge since 1972, located at 650km northeast from la guaira, venezuela. in this island, the nesting population monitoring started in 1972 and in a more continuous way after 1978, when a scientific-naval station was established and scientific observations started. since historical data show that female captures had severely affected population levels in this island before 1978, thi ...201223894943
biomonitoring marine habitats in reference to antibiotic resistant bacteria and ampicillin resistance determinants from oviductal fluid of the nesting green sea turtle, chelonia mydas.during the egg-laying process, oviductal fluid was collected using a non-invasive procedure from the cloacal vent of the green turtles. forty-two independent isolates of antibiotic-resistant bacteria from 11 genera were obtained from 20 turtles during nesting. the dominant isolate was citrobacter (52.4%), followed by pseudomonas, proteus, enterobacter, salmonella, escherichia coli, shigella, edwardsiella, morganella, providencia and arcomobacter. most of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin ...201222406312
the biology and ecology of black corals (cnidaria: anthozoa: hexacorallia: antipatharia).antipatharians, commonly known as black corals, are treasured by many cultures for medicinal purposes and to produce jewellery. despite their economic and cultural importance, very little is known about the basic biology and ecology of black corals because most species inhabit deeper-water environments (>50m) which are logistically challenging to study. there has been a recent increase of studies focusing on antipatharians; however, these have not yet been comprehensively reviewed. this literatu ...201222877611
death in the octopus' garden: fatal blue-lined octopus envenomations of adult green sea turtles.the blue-lined octopus hapalochlaena fasciata contains the powerful neuromuscular blocker tetrodotoxin (ttx), which causes muscle weakness and respiratory failure. h. fasciata is regarded as one of the most venomous marine animals in the world, and multiple human fatalities have been attributed to the octopus. to date, there have been no recorded incidents of an envenomation of a wild animal. here, we present a newly developed, multi-stage tandem mass spectrometry technique that provides unequiv ...201224391271
evaluation of mercury mediated in vitro cytotoxicity among cell lines established from green sea turtles.in vitro cell cultures are currently tested for their application as a biological tool for enhanced monitoring and field evaluation of environmental toxic chemical pollution. here cell lines established from green sea turtles (gsts) were comparatively tested for their cytotoxic responses to mercury chloride (hgcl2) exposure and also their potential use as a biological tool for effective monitoring and screening of mercury contamination in environmental waters. following a 24-h exposure to differ ...201323380703
targeted multiplex next-generation sequencing: advances in techniques of mitochondrial and nuclear dna sequencing for population genomics.next-generation sequencing (ngs) is emerging as an efficient and cost-effective tool in population genomic analyses of nonmodel organisms, allowing simultaneous resequencing of many regions of multi-genomic dna from multiplexed samples. here, we detail our synthesis of protocols for targeted resequencing of mitochondrial and nuclear loci by generating indexed genomic libraries for multiplexing up to 100 individuals in a single sequencing pool, and then enriching the pooled library using custom d ...201323351075
establishment, characterization and viral susceptibility of two cell lines derived from leopard wrasse macropharyngodon geoffroy.two new fish cell lines were established from skin (lwsk) and fin (lwfn) of leopard wrasse macropharyngodon geoffroy. these cells grew optimally at 25° c in leibovitz-15 medium supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum. proliferation of m. geoffroy cells remained serum dependent up to cell passage 16, and cell-plating efficiency ranged from 12 to 16%. karyotypic analysis of these new cell lines at cell passage 8 indicated that both cell lines remained diploid with a peak chromosomal count of 144 ...201323991874
patterns of top-down control in a seagrass ecosystem: could a roving apex predator induce a behaviour-mediated trophic cascade?1. the loss of large-bodied herbivores and/or top predators has been associated with large-scale changes in ecosystems around the world, but there remain important questions regarding the contexts in which such changes are most likely and the mechanisms through which they occur, particularly in marine ecosystems. 2. we used long-term exclusion cages to examine the effects of large grazers (sea cows, dugong dugon; sea turtles chelonia mydas) on seagrass community structure, biomass and nutrient d ...201323730871
yolk embolism associated with trauma in vitellogenic sea turtles in florida (usa): a review of 11 cases.case information and postmortem examination findings are presented for 11 adult female sea turtles in reproductive form that died in florida, usa. all had abundant, large vitellogenic follicles, and most were either gravid or had recently nested. species included six loggerheads (caretta caretta) and five green turtles (chelonia mydas). identified proximate causes of death included falls or entrapment by obstructions on nesting beaches, burial under collapsed dunes, and other traumatic injuries ...201324450066
dehydration as an effective treatment for brevetoxicosis in loggerhead sea turtles (caretta caretta).harmful algal blooms are known to cause morbidity and mortality to a large number of marine and estuarine organisms worldwide, including fish and marine mammals, birds, and turtles. the effects of these algal blooms on marine organisms are due to the various toxins produced by the different algal species. in southwest florida, frequent blooms of the dinoflagellate karenia brevis, which produces neurotoxins known as brevetoxins, cause widespread fish kills and affect many marine animals. in 2005- ...201323805564
ontogenetic scaling of the humerus in sea turtles and its implications for locomotion.in the present study, we analyzed the ontogenetic scaling of humeri in the green turtle (chelonia mydas) and loggerhead turtle (caretta caretta). green turtles have relatively thicker humeri than loggerhead turtles, indicating that the humerus of the green turtle can resist greater loads. our results are consistent with isometry, or slightly negative allometry, of diameter in relation to length of the humerus in both species. geometric similarity or isometry of the humerus in relation to body ma ...201323480381
developing ultraviolet illumination of gillnets as a method to reduce sea turtle bycatch.fisheries bycatch of marine animals has been linked to population declines of multiple species, including many sea turtles. altering the visual cues associated with fishing gear may reduce sea turtle bycatch. we examined the effectiveness of illuminating gillnets with ultraviolet (uv) light-emitting diodes for reducing green sea turtle (chelonia mydas) interactions. we found that the mean sea turtle capture rate was reduced by 39.7% in uv-illuminated nets compared with nets without illumination. ...201323883577
contextualising the last survivors: population structure of marine turtles in the dominican republic.nesting by three species of marine turtles persists in the dominican republic, despite historic threats and long-term population decline. we conducted a genetic survey of marine turtles in the dominican republic in order to link them with other rookeries around the caribbean. we sequenced a 740bp fragment of the control region of the mitochondrial dna of 92 samples from three marine turtle species [hawksbill (n = 48), green (n = 2) and leatherback (n = 42)], and incorporated published data from ...201323840394
intestinal and cloacal strictures in free-ranging and aquarium-maintained green sea turtles (chelonia mydas).intestinal or cloacal strictures that resulted in intestinal obstruction were diagnosed in six green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) from three rehabilitation facilities and two zoologic parks. the etiologies of the strictures were unknown in these cases. it is likely that anatomic adaptations of the gastrointestinal tract unique to the green sea turtle's herbivorous diet, paired with causes of reduced intestinal motility, may predispose the species to intestinal damage and subsequent obstructive i ...201323805560
quantitative computed tomography of the liver in juvenile green sea turtles (chelonia mydas).quantitative computed tomography (qct) is a highly sensitive, applicable technique for determining the x-ray attenuation of organs. this technique reveals great precision in the detection of alterations in the x-ray attenuation of hepatic parenchyma, although the lack of studies establishing normal values limits its application in wild animals. the objective of this study was to establish mean hepatic attenuation values in four healthy juvenile sea turtles (chelonia mydas) using qct. helical com ...201323805549
applying generalized linear models as an explanatory tool of sex steroids, thyroid hormones and their relationships with environmental and physiologic factors in immature east pacific green sea turtles (chelonia mydas).generalized linear models were fitted to evaluate the relationship between 17β-estradiol (e2), testosterone (t) and thyroxine (t4) levels in immature east pacific green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) and their body condition, size, mass, blood biochemistry parameters, handling time, year, season and site of capture. according to external (tail size) and morphological (<77.3 straight carapace length) characteristics, 95% of the individuals were juveniles. hormone levels, assessed on sea turtles sub ...201323707886
occurrence of amphiorchis indicus mehrotra, 1973 (digenea, spirorchiidae) infecting green turtle chelonia mydas linnaeus, 1758 (testudines, cheloniidae) in brazil. 201323644807
the draft genomes of soft-shell turtle and green sea turtle yield insights into the development and evolution of the turtle-specific body plan.the unique anatomical features of turtles have raised unanswered questions about the origin of their unique body plan. we generated and analyzed draft genomes of the soft-shell turtle (pelodiscus sinensis) and the green sea turtle (chelonia mydas); our results indicated the close relationship of the turtles to the bird-crocodilian lineage, from which they split ∼267.9-248.3 million years ago (upper permian to triassic). we also found extensive expansion of olfactory receptor genes in these turtl ...201323624526
temporal consistency and individual specialization in resource use by green turtles in successive life stages.not all individuals in a population use the same subset of dietary and habitat resources. patterns of individual specialization have been documented in an increasing number of organisms, but often without an associated time scale over which niche specialization was observed. we examined the patterns in individual resource use through time and in relation to the population with metrics of temporal consistency and degree of individual specialization. we used stable isotope analysis of carbon and n ...201323620346
rapid evolution of beta-keratin genes contribute to phenotypic differences that distinguish turtles and birds from other reptiles.sequencing of vertebrate genomes permits changes in distinct protein families, including gene gains and losses, to be ascribed to lineage-specific phenotypes. a prominent example of this is the large-scale duplication of beta-keratin genes in the ancestors of birds, which was crucial to the subsequent evolution of their beaks, claws, and feathers. evidence suggests that the shell of pseudomys nelsoni contains at least 16 beta-keratins proteins, but it is unknown whether this is a complete set an ...201323576313
accumulation of trace metals in the embryos and hatchlings of chelonia mydas from peninsular malaysia incubated at different temperatures.a variety of trace metals were measured in the egg contents of three clutches of chelonia mydas collected from kuala terengganu state in peninsular malaysia. we quantified mn, cu, zn, se (essential trace metals) and as (anthropogenic pollutant) at several developmental stages obtained by incubating eggs at two different temperatures (27 °c and 31 °c). the incubation temperatures were chosen because they produce predominantly male or predominantly female hatchlings, respectively. the eggs were re ...201323500829
evidence of regression of fibropapillomas in juvenile green turtles chelonia mydas caught in niterói, southeast brazil.fibropapillomatosis is a disease characterized by cutaneous tumors affecting all marine turtle species, but mostly chelonia mydas. the disease was first reported in 1938, and since then, the number of sightings has been increasing over the years. this disease can cause many complications in the affected animal and can lead to death, and is thus included in the many threats to marine turtle populations. it is still not known for certain what causes this disease, although many studies indicate a h ...201323446974
inherent variation in stable isotope values and discrimination factors in two life stages of green turtles.we examine inherent variation in carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values of multiple soft tissues from a population of captive green turtles chelonia mydas to determine the extent of isotopic variation due to individual differences in physiology. we compare the measured inherent variation in the captive population with the isotopic variation observed in a wild population of juvenile green turtles. additionally, we measure diet-tissue discrimination factors to determine the offset that occurs b ...201322902371
immunological evaluation of captive green sea turtle (chelonia mydas) with ulcerative dermatitis.ulcerative dermatitis (ud) is common in captive sea turtles and manifests as skin erosions and ulcers associated with gram-negative bacteria. this study compared clinically healthy and ud-affected captive turtles by evaluating hematology, histopathology, immunoglobulin levels, and delayed-type hypersensitivity assay. turtles with ud had significantly lower weight, reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) responses, and higher heterophil:lymphocyte ratios. this study is the first to assay dth ...201324450041
nesting ecology of chelonia mydas (testudines: cheloniidae) on the guanahacabibes peninsula, cuba.the nesting colony of green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) at guanahacabibes peninsula biosphere reserve and national park is one of the largest in the cuban archipelago; however, little information about its nesting ecology is available. temporal and spatial variation in nesting and reproductive success as well as morphometric characteristics of gravid females were used to ecologically characterize this colony. nine beaches of the southernmost coast of guanahacabibes peninsula were monitored for ...201324432544
report of carettacola stunkardi (martin & bamberger, 1952) dailey, fast & balazs, 1991 (digenea: spirorchiidae) infecting green turtle chelonia mydas linnaeus, 1758 (testudines, cheloniidae) in brazil. 201324212713
monitoring mercury in green sea turtles using keratinized carapace fragments (scutes).the green sea turtles are facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild and the impacts of heavy metals contamination contributes with the decline of their populations. it is very important to assess noninvasive and nonlethal methods for monitoring hg contamination in sea turtles. thus, hg concentrations were measured in keratinized fragments (scutes) and internal tissues of green sea turtles from the ceará coast to test the usefulness of scutes as a monitoring subject for sea turtles. a sig ...201324095202
selected heavy metals and selenium in the blood of black sea turtle (chelonia mydas agasiizzi) from sonora, mexico.the concentration of heavy metals (zn, cd, ni, cu, mn) and selenium (se) was analyzed in blood collected from 12 black turtles (chelonia mydas agasiizzi) captured in canal del infiernillo, punta chueca, mexico. the most abundant metals were zn (63.58 μg g(-1)) and se (7.66 μg g(-1)), and cd was the lower (0.99 μg g(-1)). the sequential concentrations of trace metals were zn > se > cu > mn > ni > cd. in conclusion, this information is important as a baseline when using blood as tissue analysis of ...201324072261
movements and diving behavior of internesting green turtles along pacific costa rica.using satellite transmitters, we determined the internesting movements, spatial ecology and diving behavior of east pacific green turtles (chelonia mydas) nesting on nombre de jesús and zapotillal beaches along the pacific coast of northwestern costa rica. kernel density analysis indicated that turtles spent most of their time in a particularly small area in the vicinity of the nesting beaches (50% utilization distribution was an area of 3 km(2) ). minimum daily distance traveled during a 12 day ...201324020468
finding the 'lost years' in green turtles: insights from ocean circulation models and genetic analysis.organismal movement is an essential component of ecological processes and connectivity among ecosystems. however, estimating connectivity and identifying corridors of movement are challenging in oceanic organisms such as young turtles that disperse into the open sea and remain largely unobserved during a period known as 'the lost years'. using predictions of transport within an ocean circulation model and data from published genetic analysis, we present to our knowledge, the first basin-scale hy ...201323945687
the role of vision in the sea-finding orientation of the green turtle (chelonia mydas). 2. orientation mechanism and range of spectral sensitivity. 20135674233
the ontogeny of pulmonary surfactant secretion in the embryonic green sea turtle (chelonia mydas).pulmonary surfactant, consisting predominantly of phosphatidylcholine (pc), is secreted from type ii cells into the lungs of all air-breathing vertebrates, where it functions to reduce surface tension. in mammals, glucocorticoids and thyroid hormones contribute to the maturation of the surfactant system. it is possible that phylogeny, lung structure, and the environment may influence the development of the surfactant system. here, we investigate the ontogeny of pc secretion from cocultured type ...201311436133
satellite tracking of sympatric marine megafauna can inform the biological basis for species co-management.systematic conservation planning is increasingly used to identify priority areas for protection in marine systems. however, ecosystem-based approaches typically use density estimates as surrogates for animal presence and spatial modeling to identify areas for protection and may not take into account daily or seasonal movements of animals. additionally, sympatric and inter-related species are often managed separately, which may not be cost-effective. this study aims to demonstrate an evidence-bas ...201424893163
concentrations and distributions of metals in tissues of stranded green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) from the southern atlantic coast of brazil.silver (ag), cadmium (cd), copper (cu), lead (pb) and zinc (zn) concentrations were analyzed in tissues of juvenile green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) found stranded along the southern atlantic coast in brazil. green sea turtles were collected (n=29), measured (curved carapace length: ccl) and had their muscle, liver, and kidney dissected for metal concentration measurements. sex was identified in 18 individuals (10 females and 8 males) through gonad histology. no gender differences in ccl and t ...201423895781
reproductive biology and genetic diversity of the green turtle (chelonia mydas) in vamizi island, mozambique.vamizi, an island located in the western indian ocean, is visited by a small and not fully characterized green turtle (chelonia mydas (l.)) population. this population is threatened by natural hazards and several human activities, which are used to identify conservation priorities for marine turtles. it was our aim to contribute to the knowledge of marine turtles that nest in vamizi, with respect to its regional management, and to an area that may possibly be included on the unesco world heritag ...201426034669
young green turtles, chelonia mydas, exposed to plastic in a frontal area of the sw atlantic.ingestion of anthropogenic debris represents an important threat to marine turtle populations. information has been limited to inventories of debris ingested and its consequences, but why ingestion occurs and the conditions that enable it are less understood. here we report on the occurrence of plastic ingestion in young green turtles (chelonia mydas) inhabiting the río de la plata (sw atlantic). this estuarine area is characterized by a frontal system that accumulates anthropogenic debris. we e ...201424315702
relating fibropapilloma tumor severity to blood parameters in green turtles chelonia mydas.fibropapillomatosis is a neoplastic disease that is commonly found in the green turtles chelonia mydas in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. in the current project, juvenile green turtles were captured with large-mesh tangle nets in the indian river lagoon and on nearshore reefs of indian river county, florida, usa, in 1998 and 1999. the purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between the severity of the disease and the general health of green turtles as indicated by b ...201425144118
use of long-distance migration patterns of an endangered species to inform conservation planning for the world's largest marine protected area.large marine protected areas (mpas), each hundreds of thousands of square kilometers, have been set up by governments around the world over the last decade as part of efforts to reduce ocean biodiversity declines, yet their efficacy is hotly debated. the chagos archipelago mpa (640,000 km(2) ) (indian ocean) lies at the heart of this debate. we conducted the first satellite tracking of a migratory species, the green turtle (chelonia mydas), within the mpa and assessed the species' use of protect ...201425039538
tracing the biosynthetic source of essential amino acids in marine turtles using delta13c fingerprints.plants, bacteria, and fungi produce essential amino acids (eaas) with distinctive patterns of delta13c values that can be used as naturally occurring fingerprints of biosynthetic origin of eaas in a food web. because animals cannot synthesize eaas and must obtain them from food, their tissues reflect delta13c(eaa) patterns found in diet, but it is not known how microbes responsible for hindgut fermentation in some herbivores influence the delta13c values of eaas in their hosts' tissues. we exami ...201425000760
electrochemotherapy for the treatment of fibropapillomas in chelonia mydas.fibropapillomatosis continues to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in sea turtles, particularly in chelonia mydas. turtles with this debilitating herpesvirus disease usually present with multiple, large, and ulcerated cutaneous masses that compromise both locomotion and feeding. there are very few available therapeutic strategies, with surgical excision being the most common. however, this surgical excision is associated with a high rate of local disease recurrence and secondary i ...201425000680
investigating the potential role of persistent organic pollutants in hawaiian green sea turtle fibropapillomatosis.it has been hypothesized for decades that environmental pollutants may contribute to green sea turtle fibropapillomatosis (fp), possibly through immunosuppression leading to greater susceptibility to the herpesvirus, the putative causative agent of this tumor-forming disease. to address this question, we measured concentrations of 164 persistent organic pollutants (pops) and halogenated phenols in 53 hawaiian green turtle (chelonia mydas) plasma samples archived by the biological and environment ...201424963745
migrations of green turtles (chelonia mydas) between nesting and foraging grounds across the coral sea.marine megafauna tend to migrate vast distances, often crossing national borders and pose a significant challenge to managers. this challenge is particularly acute in the pacific, which contains numerous small island nations and thousands of kilometers of continental margins. the green sea turtle, chelonia mydas, is one such megafauna that is endangered in pacific waters due to the overexploitation of eggs and adults for human consumption. data from long-term tagging programs in queensland (aust ...201424940598
inorganic elements in green sea turtles (chelonia mydas): relationships among external and internal tissues.inorganic elements from anthropogenic sources have entered marine environments worldwide and are detectable in marine organisms, including sea turtles. threatened and endangered classifications of sea turtles have heretofore made assessments of contaminant concentrations difficult because of regulatory restrictions on obtaining samples using nonlethal techniques. in the present study, claw and skin biopsy samples were examined as potential indicators of internal tissue burdens in green sea turtl ...201424889685
blood gases, biochemistry, and hematology of galapagos green turtles (chelonia mydas).the green turtle, chelonia mydas, is an endangered marine chelonian with a circum-global distribution. reference blood parameter intervals have been published for some chelonian species, but baseline hematology, biochemical, and blood gas values are lacking from the galapagos sea turtles. analyses were done on blood samples drawn from 28 green turtles captured in two foraging locations on san cristóbal island (14 from each site). of these turtles, 20 were immature and of unknown sex; the other e ...201424824065
artisanal green turtle, chelonia mydas, fishery of caribbean nicaragua: i. catch rates and trends, 1991-2011.this is the first assessment of catch rates for the legal, artisanal green turtle, chelonia mydas, fishery in caribbean nicaragua. data were collected by community members, monitoring up to 14 landing sites from 1991 to 2011. we examined take levels, and temporal and spatial variability in catch rates for the overall fishery, by region, and community using general additive mixed models (gamms). more than 171,556 green turtles were killed during the period, with a mean estimated minimum 8,169±2,1 ...201424740258
trade-offs among catch, bycatch, and landed value in the american samoa longline fishery.the interspecific preferences of fishes for different depths and habitats suggest fishers could avoid unwanted catches of some species while still effectively targeting other species. in pelagic longline fisheries, albacore (thunnus alalunga) are often caught in relatively cooler, deeper water (>100 m) than many species of conservation concern (e.g., sea turtles, billfishes, and some sharks) that are caught in shallower water (<100 m). from 2007 to 2011, we examined the depth distributions of ho ...201424628499
monitoring organic and inorganic pollutants in juvenile live sea turtles: results from a study of chelonia mydas and eretmochelys imbricata in cape verde.despite the current environmental concern regarding the risk posed by contamination in marine ecosystems, the concentrations of pollutants in sea turtles have not been thoroughly elucidated. in the current study, we determined the concentrations of 18 organochlorine pesticides (ocps), 18 polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) and 11 inorganic elements (cu, mn, pb, zn, cd, ni, cr, as, al, hg and se) for the first time in two sea turtle species (chelonia mydas ...201424602915
predicting connectivity of green turtles at palmyra atoll, central pacific: a focus on mtdna and dispersal modelling.population connectivity and spatial distribution are fundamentally related to ecology, evolution and behaviour. here, we combined powerful genetic analysis with simulations of particle dispersal in a high-resolution ocean circulation model to investigate the distribution of green turtles foraging at the remote palmyra atoll national wildlife refuge, central pacific. we analysed mitochondrial sequences from turtles (n = 349) collected there over 5 years (2008-2012). genetic analysis assigned nata ...201424451389
morphological and physiological responses of seagrasses (alismatales) to grazers (testudines: cheloniidae) and the role of these responses as grazing patch abandonment cues.green sea turtles, chelonia mydas, are grazers influencing the distribution of seagrass within shallow coastal ecosystems, yet the drivers behind c. mydas patch use within seagrass beds are largely unknown. current theories center on food quality (nutrient content) as the plant responds to grazing disturbances; however, no study has monitored these parameters in a natural setting without grazer manipulation. to determine the morphological and physiological responses potentially influencing seagr ...201425720186
habitat features influencing jaguar panthera onca (carnivora: felidae) occupancy in tortuguero national park, costa rica.habitat characteristics and human activities are known to play a major role in the occupancy of jaguars panthera onca across their range, however the key variables influencing jaguar distribution in tortuguero national park, costa rica, have yet to be identified. this study evaluated jaguar occupancy in tortuguero national park and the surrounding area. jaguar detection/non-detection data was collected using digital camera traps distributed within the boundaries of the protected area. local comm ...201425720179
fast growing, healthy and resident green turtles (chelonia mydas) at two neritic sites in the central and northern coast of peru: implications for conservation.in order to enhance protection and conservation strategies for endangered green turtles (chelonia mydas), the identification of neritic habitats where this species aggregates is mandatory. herein, we present new information about the population parameters and residence time of two neritic aggregations from 2010 to 2013; one in an upwelling dominated site (paracas ∼14°s) and the other in an ecotone zone from upwelling to warm equatorial conditions (el ñuro ∼4°s) in the southeast pacific. we predi ...201425409240
global distribution of chelonid fibropapilloma-associated herpesvirus among clinically healthy sea turtles.fibropapillomatosis (fp) is a neoplastic disease characterized by cutaneous tumours that has been documented to infect all sea turtle species. chelonid fibropapilloma-associated herpesvirus (cfphv) is believed to be the aetiological agent of fp, based principally on consistent pcr-based detection of herpesvirus dna sequences from fp tumours. we used a recently described pcr-based assay that targets 3 conserved cfphv genes, to survey 208 green turtles (chelonia mydas). this included both fp tumou ...201425342462
factors influencing survivorship of rehabilitating green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) with fibropapillomatosis.marine turtle fibropapillomatosis (fp) is a debilitating, infectious neoplastic disease that has reached epizootic proportions in several tropical and subtropical populations of green turtles (chelonia mydas). fp represents an important health concern in sea turtle rehabilitation facilities. the objectives of this study were to describe the observed epidemiology, biology, and survival rates of turtles affected by fp (fp+ turtles) in a rehabilitation environment; to evaluate clinical parameters a ...201425314817
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