Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| cloning and characterization of nadp-mannitol dehydrogenase cdna from the button mushroom, agaricus bisporus, and its expression in response to nacl stress. | mannitol, a six-carbon sugar alcohol, is the main storage carbon in the button mushroom, agaricus bisporus. given the physiological importance of mannitol metabolism in growth, fruit body development, and salt tolerance of a. bisporus, the enzyme responsible for mannitol biosynthesis, nadp-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase (mtdh) (ec 1.1.1.138), was purified to homogeneity, and mtdh cdna was cloned, sequenced, and characterized. to our knowledge, this represents the first report on the isolation ... | 1998 | 9835550 |
| effect of metabolites produced by trichoderma harzianum biotypes and agaricus bisporus on their respective growth radii in culture | trichoderma harzianum biotypes th1, th2, and th3 produced volatile metabolites in vitro which had similar fungistatic effects on the growth of agaricus bisporus. metabolites present in agar colonized by these strains also inhibited mycelial growth of a. bisporus, although the reduction in growth was less in the presence of metabolites produced by biotype th2 than that in the presence of metabolites produced by th1 or th3. a. bisporus produced metabolites in liquid culture that inhibited the grow ... | 1998 | 9835609 |
| epitope mapping of monoclonal antibodies against 4-aminobenzoate hydroxylase from agaricus bisporus. | four monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against 4-aminobenzoate hydroxylase (ec 1.14.13.27) have been produced (h. tsuji et al., j. biol. chem. 265 (1990) 16064; t. ogawa et al., biochim. biophys. acta 1115 (1992) 220). of the mabs, three mabs (mab-a, -b1 and -b2) recognize the fad-binding domain of the enzyme. in the present study, the epitopes of the mabs on the enzyme have been examined using pgex-2t expression systems for dna fragments encoding various partial amino acid sequences of 4-aminobenzoa ... | 1998 | 9838226 |
| epoetin alfa and beta differ in their erythropoietin isoform compositions and biological properties. | epoetin alfa and beta are the two forms of recombinant dna-derived erythropoietin (repo), both synthesized in chinese hamster ovary cells, which are used for the treatment of erythropoietin (epo)-responsive anaemias. several batches of each of these repos were compared for differences in their epo isoform compositions by isoelectric focusing (ief) and in a range of lectin-binding assays, and for differences in their epo activities by in-vivo and in-vitro mouse bioassays and by immunoassay. epoet ... | 1998 | 9450795 |
| biocompatibility of potential wound management products: hydrogen peroxide generation by fungal chitin/chitosans and their effects on the proliferation of murine l929 fibroblasts in culture. | agaricus bisporus, fusarium graminearum, phycomyces blakesleeanus, unbleached and bleached, rhizomucor miehei, and rhizopus oryzae were examined as sources of fungal chitin/chitosan. the nitrogen content of the alkalitreated mycelia/sporangiophores obtained after optimization of culture conditions, and of similarly treated a. bisporus stipes, was 2.87, 1.29, 6.27, 6.50, 4.80, and 4.95% w/w, respectively, which relates to an estimated chitin content of 42, 19, 91, 94, 70, and 72%, respectively. t ... | 1998 | 9457561 |
| an endo-1,4-beta-xylanase-encoding gene from agaricus bisporus is regulated by compost-specific factors. | compost is the preferred substrate for growth of the edible fungus agaricus bisporus. utilization of compost requires the production of enzymes involved in degradation of lignocellulolytic components. for molecular characterization of these processes we are isolating the encoding genes. by applying heterologous screening techniques, we have cloned such a gene, which is specifically induced on compost encoding an endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (xlna) belonging to glycosyl hydrolase family 10. the gene en ... | 1998 | 9514754 |
| origin, adaptation and evolutionary pathways of fungal viruses. | fungal viruses or mycoviruses are widespread in fungi and are believed to be of ancient origin. they have evolved in concert with their hosts and are usually associated with symptomless infections. mycoviruses are transmitted intracellularly during cell division, sporogenesis and cell fusion, and they lack an extracellular phase to their life cycles. their natural host ranges are limited to individuals within the same or closely related vegetative compatibility groups. typically, fungal viruses ... | 1998 | 9562896 |
| agaritine content in processed foods containing the cultivated mushroom (agaricus bisporus) on the nordic and the czech market. | the level of agaritine was measured in fresh and canned cultivated mushroom (agaricus bisporus) as well as in other food products containing a. bisporus, by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. the two fresh samples were purchased on the open market and contained 212 and 229 mg/kg, respectively. of the 35 different trademarks of canned mushroom products studied, 25 were based on cut mushrooms and 10 on whole mushrooms. on average, whole mushrooms contained 14.9 +/- 6.7 mg agari ... | 1999 | 10755135 |
| [differential expression of mucin carbohydrates in human endometria]. | the use of lectins to identify oligosaccharides in mucin substances has been increased by the role played by cell surface carbohydrates in invasion and metastasis processes. we studied in this work normal endometrial tissue, with benign and malignant entities in search for the presence of the galactose beta 1-3 n acetylgalactosamine(gal beta 1-3 galnac alpha and galactose beta 1-3 n acetylgalactosamine (gal beta 1-3 alpha and beta) using the lectins: agaricus bisporus (abl) and arachis hipogea ( ... | 1999 | 10883504 |
| structural requirements of carbohydrates to bind agaricus bisporus lectin. | galbeta1-3galnac (t-disaccharide) and related molecules were assayed to describe the structural requirements of carbohydrates to bind agaricus bisporus lectin (abl). results provide insight into the most relevant regions of t-disaccharide involved in the binding of abl. it was found that monosaccharides bind abl weakly indicating a more extended carbohydrate-binding site as compared to those involvedin the t-disaccharide specific lectins such as jacalin and peanut agglutinin. lacto-n-biose (galb ... | 1999 | 9884407 |
| novel glycoinositolphosphosphingolipids, basidiolipids, from agaricus. | from the edible mushroom, the basidiomycetes agaricus bisporus and agaricus campestris, a novel carbohydrate-homologous series of four glyco-inositol-phospho-sphingolipids, designated basidiolipids, was isolated and the constituents purified. the chemical structures of the basidiolipids were elucidated to be: manpbeta1-2inositol1-phospho-ceramide, galpalpha-6[fucpalpha-2]galpbeta-6manpbeta-2i nositol1-phospho-ceramide, galpalpha-6galpalpha-6[fucpalpha-2]galpbeta- 6manpbeta-2inositol1-phospho-cer ... | 1999 | 9914511 |
| news & notes: production, purification, and properties of an endo-1, 3-beta-glucanase from the basidiomycete agaricus bisporus. | agaricus bisporus h 25 produced extracellular endo-1, 3-beta-glucanase when grown in a static culture at 25 degrees c in a minimal synthetic medium supplemented with a. bisporus cell walls plus fructose. endo-1,3-beta-glucanase was purified 17.85-fold from 20-day-old culture filtrates by precipitation at 80% ammonium sulfate saturation, sephadex g-75 gel filtration, and preparative page followed by electroelution. the purified enzyme yielded a single band in both native and sds-polyacrylamide ge ... | 1999 | 9922471 |
| genetic and morphological characterization of cladobotryum species causing cobweb disease of mushrooms. | cladobotryum dendroides (= dactylium dendroides) has hitherto been regarded as the major causal agent of cobweb disease of the cultivated mushroom, agaricus bisporus. nucleotide sequence data for the internal transcribed spacer (its) regions of four cladobotryum/hypomyces species reported to be associated with cobweb disease, however, indicate that the most common pathogen is now c. mycophilum. this cobweb pathogen varies somewhat in conidial septation from published descriptions of c. mycophilu ... | 1999 | 9925589 |
| edible mushroom (agaricus bisporus) lectin, which reversibly inhibits epithelial cell proliferation, blocks nuclear localization sequence-dependent nuclear protein import. | the galbeta1-3galnacalpha (tf antigen)-binding lectin (abl) from the common edible mushroom (agaricus bisporus) has a potent anti-proliferative effect without any apparent cytotoxicity. this unusual combination of properties prompted investigation of its mechanism of action. in contrast to soluble lectin, agarose-immobilized, and hence noninternalizable abl had no effect on proliferation of ht29 colon cancer cells. electron microscopy of ht29 cells incubated with fluorescein- and gold-conjugated ... | 1999 | 9988731 |
| regulation of glutamine synthetase from the white button mushroom agaricus bisporus. | the regulation of glutamine synthetase (gs) from agaricus bisporus was studied at the posttranscriptional level using a specific antibody fraction directed against purified gs. the cross-reactivity of the antiserum against various agaricus species and other fungi was tested and low reactivity with the ascomycetes was found. gs protein and activity levels were measured in cell-free extracts of mycelium grown on different n sources. in mycelium grown on glutamine or ammonium as n source, the biosy ... | 1999 | 10190978 |
| vicia faba agglutinin, the lectin present in broad beans, stimulates differentiation of undifferentiated colon cancer cells. | dietary lectins can alter the proliferation of colonic cells. differentiation is regulated by adhesion molecules which, being glycosylated, are targets for lectin binding. | 1999 | 10205210 |
| the antiproliferative effect of lectin from the edible mushroom (agaricus bisporus) on human keratinocytes: preliminary studies on its use in psoriasis. | lectins or agglutinins are proteins with affinity for specific sugar residues. peanut agglutinin (pna) and the lectin from the edible mushroom (agaricus bisporus, abl) both bind to the disaccharide galactosyl beta-1,3-n-acetyl galactosamine alpha-. this is expressed in keratinocytes as an o-linked chain on cd44, a polymorphic membrane glycoprotein. many lectins are mitogens and pna is a mitogen for colonic epithelial cells. however, abl reversibly inhibits proliferation of colonic cancer cell li ... | 1999 | 10215768 |
| cell water balance of white button mushrooms (agaricus bisporus) during its post-harvest lifetime studied by quantitative magnetic resonance imaging. | a combination of quantitative water density and t2 mri and changes therein observed after infiltration with 'invisible' gd-dtpa solution was used to study cell water balances, cell water potentials and cell integrity. this method was applied to reveal the evolution and mechanism of redistribution of water in harvested mushrooms. even when mushrooms did not lose water during the storage period, a redistribution of water was observed from stipe to cap and gills. when the storage condition resulted ... | 1999 | 10216245 |
| a sandwiched-culture technique for evaluation of heterologous protein production in a filamentous fungus. | aspergillus niger is known for its efficient excretion machinery. however, problems have often arisen in obtaining high amounts of heterologous proteins in the culture medium. here we present a quick method using sandwiched colonies to evaluate transgenic strains for secretion of heterologous proteins. expressing the abh1 hydrophobin of agaricus bisporus in a. niger, we showed that low production levels of the heterologous protein are probably due to extracellular proteolytic degradation of the ... | 1999 | 10224030 |
| nad+-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase of the edible mushroom agaricus bisporus: biochemical and molecular characterization. | the nad+-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (nad-gdh) of agaricus bisporus, a key enzyme in nitrogen metabolism, was purified to homogeneity. the apparent molecular mass of the native enzyme is 474 kda comprising four subunits of 116 kda. the isoelectric point of the enzyme is about 7.0. km values for ammonium, 2-oxoglutarate, nadh, glutamate and nad+ were 6.5, 3.5, 0.06, 37.1 and 0.046 mm, respectively. the enzyme is specific for nad(h). the gene encoding this enzyme (gdhb) was isolated from an ... | 1999 | 10323225 |
| chemical analysis of the lamella walls of agaricus bisporus fruit bodies. | purified lamella wall fragments of agaricus bisporus fruit bodies were analyzed and shown to consist of neutral sugars (46.5%), hexosamines (31.7%), proteins (9.5%), some lipid material (10.0%), and ash (1.4%). the cell walls were fractionated on the basis of their polysaccharide solubility in water and alkaline solutions. the isolated fractions, using methylation analysis, exhibited striking chemical structural differences compared with the same fractions obtained from the corresponding vegetat ... | 1999 | 10341079 |
| pcr-based genotyping of epidemic and preepidemic trichoderma isolates associated with green mold of agaricus bisporus. | we used randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd)-pcr to estimate genetic variation among isolates of trichoderma associated with green mold on the cultivated mushroom agaricus bisporus. of 83 isolates examined, 66 were sampled during the recent green mold epidemic, while the remaining 17 isolates were collected just prior to the epidemic and date back to the 1950s. trichoderma harzianum biotype 4 was identified by rapd analysis as the cause of almost 90% of the epidemic-related episodes of gree ... | 1999 | 10347059 |
| introns are necessary for mrna accumulation in schizophyllum commune. | the cdna coding sequence of the agaricus bisporus hydrophobin gene abh1 under the regulation sequences of the schizophyllum commune sc3 hydrophobin gene gave no expression in s. commune. in contrast, the genomic coding sequence (containing three introns) produced high levels of abh1 mrna when transformed to s. commune in the same configuration. apparently, introns were needed for the accumulation of mrnas from the abh1 gene. when the effect of intron deletion on expression of the homologous gene ... | 1999 | 10361273 |
| aa-pri2, a single-copy gene from agrocybe aegerita, specifically expressed during fruiting initiation, encodes a hydrophobin with a leucine-zipper domain. | the aa-pri2 gene, specifically expressed during basidiocarp differentiation of the mushroom agrocybe aegerita, was cloned. sequence analysis showed a 525-nt orf interrupted by three introns (51, 48, 54 bp). one tata box (-94), two caat boxes (-382, -398) and one ct-rich motif (-149) were present. the transcription start point was located by primer extension at position -60. the hydrophobic aa-pri2 protein (123 aa) possessed a putative signal peptide (aa1-aa18), eight cysteine residues characteri ... | 1999 | 10369965 |
| different temporal and spatial expression of two hydrophobin-encoding genes of the edible mushroom agaricus bisporus. | in a search for genes that are only expressed in fruit bodies of the basidiomycete agaricus bisporus, two cdnas, hypa and hypb that encode hydrophobins have been isolated previously. in this study, the structure of hypb is resolved and it is shown that the two genes are differentially expressed, indicating that the encoded hydrophobins serve different functions in a. bisporus mushrooms. hypb encodes a polypeptide (hypb) of 119 aa that shows little sequence identity with hypa apart from the chara ... | 1999 | 10376826 |
| selenium-enriched agaricus bisporus mushrooms suppress 7,12-dimethlybenz[a]anthracene bioactivation in mammary tissue. | the present studies compared dietary se (1.0 microg/g) when provided as either fortified agaricus bisporus mushrooms, or sodium selenite on the in vivo metabolism of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (dmba). dietary addition of se unenriched a. bisporus mushrooms at 2% did not alter the occurrence of dmba induced dna adducts or the activity of glutathione s-transferase (gst). however, the addition of se as enriched mushrooms, or as selenite, significantly increased both liver and mammary gst activi ... | 1999 | 10378786 |
| identification of a subgenomic mrna encoding the capsid protein of mushroom bacilliform virus, a single-stranded rna mycovirus. | mushroom bacilliform virus is unique among mycoviruses of the higher fungi in having a genome of positive-sense single-stranded rna. we have identified a subgenomic mrna molecule encoding the viral capsid protein in mushroom bacilliform virus-infected mycelium of agaricus bisporus. transcription of subgenomic rna commences at the sequence acaaaa, 47 nucleotides upstream of the initiating aug. | 1999 | 10417262 |
| a new uv method for serum gamma-glutamyltransferase assay using recombinant 4-aminobenzoate hydroxylase as a coupling enzyme. | 4-aminobenzoate hydroxylase (4abh) is a flavin-dependent monooxygenase that catalyzes the decarboxylative hydroxylation of 4-aminobenzoate to 4-hydroxyaniline. for use as a clinical reagent, the gene encoding 4abh from agaricus bisporus was cloned by the race method. also, the cdna encoding 4abh was expressed in escherichia coli cells as a fusion protein with glutathione s-transferase (gst). the expressed gst-4abh fusion protein (recombinant 4abh) in the soluble fraction exhibits decarboxylative ... | 1999 | 10423528 |
| abr1, a transposon-like element in the genome of the cultivated mushroom agaricus bisporus (lange) imbach. | a 300-bp repetitive element was found in the genome of the white button mushroom, agaricus bisporus, and designated abr1. it is present in approximately 15 copies per haploid genome in the commercial strain horst u1. analysis of seven copies showed 89 to 97% sequence identity. the repeat has features typical of class ii transposons (i.e., terminal inverted repeats, subterminal repeats, and a target site duplication of 7 bp). the latter shows a consensus sequence. when used as probe on southern b ... | 1999 | 10427018 |
| transport of amino acids and ammonium in mycelium of agaricus bisporus. | mycelium of agaricus bisporus took up methylamine (ma), glutamate, glutamine and arginine by high-affinity transport systems following michaelis-menten kinetics. the activities of these systems were influenced by the nitrogen source used for mycelial growth. moreover, ma, glutamate and glutamine uptakes were derepressed by nitrogen starvation, whereas arginine uptake was repressed. the two ammonium-specific transport systems with different affinities and capacities were inhibited by nh(+)(4), wi ... | 1999 | 10434044 |
| respiratory allergy to mushroom spores: not well recognized, but relevant. | although basidiospores are a major component of the air spora in many parts of the world, their clinical significance as triggers of respiratory allergy has rarely been demonstrated. therefore, the class of basidiomycetes as an aeroallergen is not well known. | 1999 | 10437810 |
| trehalose phosphorylase activity and carbohydrate levels during axenic fruiting in three agaricus bisporus strains. | three strains of agaricus bisporus (b430, 116, and 155.8), which share the ability to form hyphal aggregates on solid media under axenic conditions, were investigated with respect to carbohydrate levels and activities of enzymes involved in their carbon metabolism. the size and macroscopic appearance of the aggregates, when grown on diluted medium, suggest that substrate limitation plays a role in the process of fruiting body development in a. bisporus. the enzymes trehalose phosphorylase (tp), ... | 1999 | 10486056 |
| a new assay method of gamma-glutamyltransferase with 4-aminobenzoate hydroxylase from agaricus bisporus as a coupling enzyme. | we have developed a new ultraviolet spectrophotometric method for measurement of serum gamma-glutamyltransferase activity. the principle of the method is as follows. using l-gamma-glutamyl-3-chloro-4-aminobenzoate as the donor substrate, 3-chloro-4-aminobenzoate formed upon transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety from the donor substrate to the acceptor substrate glycylglycine is stoichiometrically converted to 3-chloro-4-hydroxyaniline by 4-aminobenzoate hydroxylase from agaricus bisporus, couple ... | 1999 | 10509898 |
| a quantitative trait locus of agaricus bisporus resistance to pseudomonas tolaasii is closely linked to natural cap color. | a quantitative trait locus (qtl) of resistance to pseudomonas tolaasii was detected in agaricus bisporus using a cross between a wild strain from the sonoran desert and a cultivated strain. the resistance qtl was strongly linked with the brown color allele of ppc1. this qtl explained about 30% of the variation observed for living bacteria-induced symptoms. the use of bacterial toxin did not reproduce living bacteria symptoms but revealed the same qtl. the latter qtl was not affected by environme ... | 1999 | 10512670 |
| biochemical and physiological aspects of brown blotch disease of agaricus bisporus. | pseudomonas tolaasii is a bacterium endemic to the compost beds where common mushroom (agaricus bisporus) is cultivated. under some environmental conditions still not well-determined, but influenced by temperature and relative humidity, the bacterium can become pathogenic and provoke the brown blotch disease. this review describes the interaction between p. tolaasii and a. bisporus that results in the appearance of brown spots on the mushroom caps, typical symptoms of the disease. firstly, p. to ... | 1999 | 10525168 |
| modulation of retinal pigment epithelial cell behavior by agaricus bisporus lectin. | to determine whether agaricus bisporus lectin (abl) binds retinal pigment epithelial cells (rpes), to conduct a preliminary viability study of rpes exposed to abl, and to evaluate the effects of abl on rpe proliferation and rpe-mediated matrix contraction in vitro. | 1999 | 10549674 |
| dose rate effect of gamma irradiation on phenolic compounds, polyphenol oxidase, and browning of mushrooms (agaricus bisporus). | to enhance the shelf life of edible mature mushrooms, agaricus bisporus, 2 kgy ionizing treatments were applied at two different dose rates: 4.5 kgy/h (i(-)) and 32 kgy/h (i(+)). both i(+) and i(-) showed a 2 and 4 day shelf-life enhancement compared to the control (c). before day 9, no significant difference (p>0.05) in l value was detected in irradiated mushrooms. however, after day 9, the highest observed l value (whiteness) was obtained for the mushrooms irradiated in i(-). analyses of pheno ... | 1999 | 10552523 |
| slow-binding inhibition of mushroom (agaricus bisporus) tyrosinase isoforms by tropolone. | a kinetic study of the inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase by tropolone has been made. three tyrosinase isoforms were used: two commercial tyrosinases from fluka and sigma (isoelectric points of 4. 3 and 4.1, respectively) and one purified isoform from mushroom strain u1 (isoelectric point of 4.5). tropolone is a slow-binding inhibitor of these mushroom tyrosinase isoforms. increasing tropolone concentrations provoked a progressive decrease in both the initial velocity and the final (inhibited) st ... | 1999 | 10552538 |
| kinetic study of the oxidation of gamma-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene catalyzed by mushroom (agaricus bisporus) tyrosinase. | despite the importance of the substrate gamma-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene (ghb) in the melanin biosynthesis pathway in mushrooms agaricus bisporus, the kinetics of its oxidation catalyzed by tyrosinase has never been properly characterized. for this purpose ghb and its corresponding o-diphenol (gdhb) were isolated and purified from a. bisporus mushrooms. the kinetic constants that characterize the action of tyrosinase on ghb and gdhb are = 2.10 +/- 0.10 microm/min, = 0.30 +/- 0.03 mm, = 210.0 ... | 1999 | 10552675 |
| kinetics of activation of latent mushroom (agaricus bisporus) tyrosinase by benzyl alcohol. | a latent isoform of agaricus bisporus tyrosinase has been isolated and activated by benzyl alcohol, one of the major volatile compounds in mushrooms of this genus. the progress curve that describes the activation process reached the steady-state rate (v(ss)) after a lag period (tau). the rate of active tyrosinase formation was calculated by coupling the oxidation of o-diphenols to the activation process. v(ss) depended on benzyl alcohol, o-diphenol, and latent tyrosinase concentrations. the lag ... | 1999 | 10552676 |
| kinetic study of the activation process of a latent mushroom (agaricus bisporus) tyrosinase by serine proteases. | latent mushroom tyrosinase can be considered as a zymogen when activated by proteases because the activation process fulfilled all of the kinetic dependencies predicted by a theoretical zymogen activation model previously reported. the activation was studied under two assay conditions: high and low ratio of latent tyrosinase/serine protease (trypsin and subtilisin carlsberg) concentrations, in the presence and in the absence of a serine protease inhibitor (aprotinin). the size of the latent enzy ... | 1999 | 10552677 |
| activation of a latent mushroom (agaricus bisporus) tyrosinase isoform by sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds). kinetic properties of the sds-activated isoform. | this study reports the activation of a latent mushroom tyrosinase isoform by sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds). the activation process of latent mushroom tyrosinase by sds is characterized by the presence of a lag period (tau) prior to the attainment of a steady-state rate (v(ss)). this could be related to a slow conformational change of the latent enzyme to render the active isoform. the molecular size of the latent isoform was 67 kda as determined by sds-page and western-blotting assays. this size ... | 1999 | 10552678 |
| enzyme inactivation analysis for industrial blanching applications: comparison of microwave, conventional, and combination heat treatments on mushroom polyphenoloxidase activity. | browning reactions in fruits and vegetables are a serious problem for the food industry. in mushrooms, the principal enzyme responsible for the browning reaction is polyphenoloxidase (ppo). microwaves have recently been introduced as an alternative for the industrial blanching of mushrooms. however, the direct application of microwave energy to entire mushrooms is limited by the important temperature gradients generated within the samples during heating, which can produce internal water vaporiza ... | 1999 | 10552842 |
| janthinobacterium agaricidamnosum sp. nov., a soft rot pathogen of agaricus bisporus. | a novel bacterium has been found that causes a soft rot disease of agaricus bisporus, the cultivated mushroom. it has been characterized using nutritional, physiological, chemical and molecular techniques. based on these data, it was shown to have many characteristics in common with members of the genus janthinobacterium. despite similarities to the only described species within this genus, janthinobacterium lividum, there were a number of differences between the mushroom pathogen isolated and t ... | 1999 | 10555339 |
| characterization of tyrosinase from the cap flesh of portabella mushrooms. | tyrosinase, purified from the cap flesh tissue of portabella mushrooms, was characterized with regard to its physical and biochemical properties. a native molecular size of 41 kda for the enzyme was obtained by size exclusion chromatography, whereas sds-page indicated that the enzyme contained a single subunit with a size of approximately 48 kda under reduced and nonreduced conditions. the purified enzyme showed a single immunological cross-reacting protein after western blotting when probed wit ... | 1999 | 10563903 |
| agaricus bisporus susceptibility to bacterial blotch in relation to environment: biochemical studies. | variation of agaricus bisporus susceptibility to bacterial blotch in relation to environment was studied at the biochemical level. significant differences were observed between a. bisporus strains for tyrosinase and gamma-glutamyl transferase (ggt) activities and for gamma-l(+)glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene (ghb) content. a lower effect was detected for compost quality. ggt activity and ghb content were related to strain susceptibility to bacterial blotch by a linear model depending on strain type, ... | 1999 | 10564798 |
| the engl gene cluster of clostridium cellulovorans contains a gene for cellulosomal mana. | a five-gene cluster around the gene in clostridium cellulovorans that encodes endoglucanase engl, which is involved in plant cell wall degradation, has been cloned and sequenced. as a result, a mannanase gene, mana, has been found downstream of engl. the mana gene consists of an open reading frame with 1,275 nucleotides encoding a protein with 425 amino acids and a molecular weight of 47, 156. mana has a signal peptide followed by a duplicated sequence (ds, or dockerin) at its n terminus and a c ... | 2000 | 10613891 |
| 10-oxo-trans-8-decenoic acid (oda): production, biological activities, and comparison with other hormone-like substances in agaricus bisporus* | the few well-characterized fungal growth-regulating substances include 10-oxo-trans-8-decenoic acid (oda) and hercynine. this report deals with production and tissue location of oda. it also describes some biological activities of addition of oda, hercynine, and cytokinins on growth and postharvest morphogenesis of agaricus bisporus. production of oda in sporophore extracts was limited mainly by oxygen availability and the possible occurrence of a competitive metabolic pathway. presumably synthe ... | 2000 | 10689084 |
| hplc detection of soluble carbohydrates involved in mannitol and trehalose metabolism in the edible mushroom agaricus bisporus. | a convenient and sensitive method was developed to separate and detect various types of carbohydrates (polyols, mono- and disaccharides, and phosphorylated sugars) simultaneously using high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the method consists of a chromatographic separation on a carbopac pa1 anion-exchange analytical column followed by pulsed amperometric detection. in a single run (43 min) 13 carbohydrates were readily resolved. calibration plots were linear over the ranges of 5-25 mic ... | 2000 | 10691629 |
| chemical components and their locations in the verticillium fungicola cell wall. | the chemical structure of cell walls and fractions of verticillium fungicola, a pathogen of agaricus bisporus, as well as their corresponding ultrastructures were studied. there are at least three chemically distinct types of carbohydrate polymers: one yielding mannose with lower amounts of galactose and glucose (glucogalactomannan), another one composed mainly of glucose (glucan), and a third one containing only n-acetylglucosamine (chitin). attempts were made to locate these materials in situ ... | 2000 | 10721477 |
| intracellular trafficking and release of intact edible mushroom lectin from ht29 human colon cancer cells. | our previous studies have shown that the galbeta1-3galnacalpha- (thomsen-friedenreich antigen)-binding lectin from the common edible mushroom agaricus bisporus (abl) reversibly inhibits cell proliferation, and this effect is a consequence of inhibition of nuclear localization sequence-dependent nuclear protein import after abl internalization [yu, l.g., fernig, d.g., white, m.r.h., spiller, d.g., appleton, p., evans, r.c., grierson, i., smith, j.a., davies, h., gerasimenko, o.v., petersen, o.h., ... | 2000 | 10727953 |
| aspects of the pathology and etiology of 'drippy gill' disease of the cultivated mushroom agaricus bisporus. | agaricus bisporus sporocarps exhibiting characteristic 'drippy gill' symptoms from a natural outbreak were examined. discrete bacterial droplets on the hymenial lamellae often coalesced to form ribbons of bacterial ooze. longitudinal splits on the stipe were lined with a similar bacterial ooze. bacteria isolated from both the hymenium and stipe were identified as pseudomonas agarici, and were confirmed to be the causal organism by satisfying koch's postulates. by light and transmission electron ... | 2000 | 10749538 |
| molecular cloning of a widely distributed microsatellite core sequence from the cultivated mushroom agaricus bisporus. | an agaricus bisporus microsatellite with the tetranucleotide motif tatg tandemly repeated was isolated from an a. bisporus library enriched in repeated sequences. the use of the 16-mer oligonucleotide (tatg)4 indicates that many loci contain nearby copies of the microsatellite in opposite orientations. the wide distribution of the microsatellite in the a. bisporus genome was assessed (i) by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the products generated by directed amplification of microsatellite-r ... | 2000 | 11170741 |
| the molecular genetics of cultivated mushrooms. | the types, economic significance and methods of production of the principal cultivated mushrooms are described in outline. these organisms are all less than ideal for conventional genetic analysis and breeding, so molecular methods afford a particular opportunity to advance our understanding of their biology and potentially give the prospect of improvement by gene manipulation. the sequences described are limited to those found in genbank by august 1999. the gene sequences isolated from the whit ... | 2000 | 10907549 |
| cloning and characterisation of a chitin synthase gene cdna from the cultivated mushroom agaricus bisporus and its expression during morphogenesis. | full-length cdna of a chitin synthase gene (chs1) was cloned from agaricus bisporus by screening a cdna library with a pcr amplified fragment of the chitin synthase gene. the chs1 contains an open reading frame of 2727 bp encoding a polypeptide of 909 amino acids and deduced molecular mass 102.3 kda and pi 8.23. the central region of chs1 showed strong homology to other fungal chitin synthase genes with seven conserved domains. it belongs to the chitin synthase class iii, analogous to chsb from ... | 2000 | 10913868 |
| mushroom (agaricus bisporus) compost quality factors for predicting potential yield of fruiting bodies. | a quality model has been developed from parameters determining the interactions of physical, chemical, and biological factors during the preparation of mushroom compost for growing agaricus bisporus. our results show that a partial least square model based on the combination of ph, dry matter, ammonia, carbon, hydrogen, ash, cu, fe, and na could explain nearly 90% of the variation in mushroom yield obtained from four compost comparative trials. the yields in the data base for generating the mode ... | 2000 | 10913972 |
| classification of sequences expressed during the primordial and basidiome stages of the cultivated mushroom agaricus bisporus. | two complementary dna (cdna) libraries were constructed from tissues isolated from primordia and basidiomes of agaricus bisporus to characterize genes involved in mushroom development. using single-pass sequencing of 869 cdna clones, we found 477 expressed sequence tags (ests), including 466 not previously described in the databases for a. bisporus. a blastx search revealed that 374 ests had similarities with protein sequences available from databases; 193 of these ests were categorized accordin ... | 2000 | 10919377 |
| novel immunogenicity of thomsen-friedenreich disaccharide obtained by a molecular rotation on its carrier linkage. | the alpha-anomeric galbeta1-3galnac, called thomsen-friedenreich disaccharide (tfd), is overexpressed in epithelial cancer cells by aberrant o-glycosylation. tfd is also the main ligand of agaricus bisporus lectin (abl), a reversible noncytotoxic inhibitor of proliferation of epithelial cell lines. in order to obtain anti-tfd antibody response with a fine carbohydrate-binding specificity similar to that of abl, we designed an immunogen of tfd with a molecular rotation on its carrier linkage that ... | 2000 | 10929004 |
| stopped-flow and steady-state study of the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase. | the reaction of mushroom (agaricus bisporus) tyrosinase with dioxygen in the presence of several o-diphenolic substrates has been studied by steady-state and transient-phase kinetics in order to elucidate the rate-limiting step and to provide new insights into the mechanism of oxidation of these substrates. a kinetic analysis has allowed for the first time the determination of individual rate constants for several of the partial reactions that comprise the catalytic cycle. mushroom tyrosinase ra ... | 2000 | 10956040 |
| hepatic ldl receptor mrna in rats is increased by dietary mushroom (agaricus bisporus) fiber and sugar beet fiber. | plasma cholesterol concentration is reduced by feeding some dietary fibers and mushroom fruit body, but the mechanism is not fully understood. we examined the effects of mushroom (agaricus bisporus) fiber and sugar beet fiber on serum cholesterol and hepatic ldl receptor mrna in rats. rats were fed a cholesterol-free diet with 50 g/kg cellulose powder (cp), 50 g/kg mushroom (agaricus bisporus) fiber (msf) or 50 g/kg sugar beet fiber (bf) for 4 wk. there were no significant differences in the bod ... | 2000 | 10958806 |
| fate of the mushroom hydrazine agaritine in the rat and mouse. | the fate of the mushroom hydrazine [14c]agaritine was investigated in the mouse and rat strains previously employed in carcinogenicity studies with the edible mushroom agaricus bisporus. agaritine was rapidly absorbed in both species, achieving higher blood levels in the mouse, but with similar area under the curve. covalent binding of agaritine material to proteins was detected only in the liver and kidney, but the extent of binding was the same in the rat and mouse. most of the radioactivity w ... | 2000 | 10965520 |
| a fruiting body tissue method for efficient agrobacterium-mediated transformation of agaricus bisporus. | we describe a modified agrobacterium-mediated method for the efficient transformation of agaricus bisporus. salient features of this procedure include cocultivation of agrobacterium and fruiting body gill tissue and use of a vector with a homologous promoter. this method offers new prospects for the genetic manipulation of this commercially important mushroom species. | 2000 | 11010906 |
| effect of packaging conditions on the growth of micro-organisms and the quality characteristics of fresh mushrooms (agaricus bisporus) stored at inadequate temperatures. | mushrooms were packed in two polymeric films (perforated and non-perforated pvc) and stored at 17 degrees c and 25 degrees c. the carbon dioxide and oxygen content inside the packages, aerobic mesophiles, pseudomonas spp., faecal coliforms, escherichia coli, anaerobic spores and major sensory factors (colour, texture, development stage and presence of moulds) were determined. the non-perforated packages had the highest contents of co2 (6-7%), the lowest contents of o2 (0.013-0.17%) and the most ... | 2000 | 11054166 |
| application of siderotyping for characterization of pseudomonas tolaasii and "pseudomonas reactans" isolates associated with brown blotch disease of cultivated mushrooms. | pyoverdine isoelectric focusing analysis and pyoverdine-mediated iron uptake were used as siderotyping methods to analyze a collection of 57 northern and central european isolates of p. tolaasii and "p. reactans." the bacteria, isolated from cultivated agaricus bisporus or pleurotus ostreatus mushroom sporophores presenting brown blotch disease symptoms, were identified according to the white line test (w. c. wong and t. f. preece, j. appl. bacteriol. 47:401-407, 1979) and their pathogenicity to ... | 2000 | 11055932 |
| activation of ap-1 through the map kinase pathway: a potential mechanism of the carcinogenic effect of arenediazonium ions. | arenediazonium ions such as those found in the common mushroom agaricus bisporus have been convincingly demonstrated to be tumorigenic. the specific mechanism of their tumorigenicity remains unclear. it has been shown that arenediazonium ions can be metabolized to aryl radicals, and that reaction of these aryl radicals with dna produces aryl adducts. these metabolic processes also produce the reactive oxygen species superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which have been implicated in ap-1 activation. ... | 2000 | 11080051 |
| double oxidation of d-xylose to d-glycero -pentos-2,3-diulose (2,3-diketo-d-xylose) by pyranose dehydrogenase from the mushroom agaricus bisporus. | pyranose dehydrogenase purified to homogeneity from the mycelia of the basidiomycete fungus agaricus bisporus catalyzed the oxidation of d-xylose at c-2 to d-threo-pentos-2-ulose (2-keto-d-xylose) and successively at c-3 to d-glycero-pentos-2,3-diulose (2,3-diketo-d-xylose) using 1,4-benzoquinone as an electron acceptor. the sites of oxidation were deduced from the spectroscopic analysis (ms, nmr) of the n,n-diphenylhydrazone derivatives of the reaction products. | 2000 | 11086703 |
| chemoenzymatic synthesis of glycopolypeptides carrying alpha-neu5ac-(2-->3)-beta-d-gal-(1-->3)-alpha-d-galnac, beta-d-gal-(1-->3)-alpha-d-galnac, and related compounds and analysis of their specific interactions with lectins. | glycopolypeptide (1) carrying the beta-d-gal-(1-->3)-alpha-d-galnac unit as a kind model of asialo-type mucin was synthesized through three steps: enzymatic synthesis of p-nitrophenyl disaccharide glycoside, reduction of the p-nitrophenyl group, and coupling of the amino group with the carboxyl group of poly(l-glutamic acid)s (pga). in a similar manner, glycopolypeptides (2-7) carrying beta-d-gal-(1-->3)-beta-d-galnac, beta-d-gal-(1-->3)-beta-d-glcnac, beta-d-gal-(1-->6)-alpha-d-galnac, beta-d-g ... | 2000 | 11097173 |
| effect of gamma-irradiation on phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, total phenolic content, and respiration of mushrooms (agaricus bisporus). | ionizing treatments were applied at 0.5 kgy, 1.5 kgy, and 2.5 kgy to edible mature mushrooms (agaricus bisporus, albidus) in order to assess the effect of the gamma-irradiation on some biochemical parameters. irradiation at doses of 1.5 kgy and 2.5 kgy reduced significantly (p < or = 0.05) the rate of respiration of the mushrooms, compared to that of samples irradiated at 0.5 kgy and nonirradiated control samples (c). ionizing treatments increased significantly (p < or = 0.05) the phenylalanine ... | 2000 | 11141287 |
| antitumor effects of (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan and (1-->6)-beta-d-glucan purified from newly cultivated mushroom, hatakeshimeji (lyophyllum decastes sing.). | eleven polysaccharides were isolated from a hot-water extract of fruiting bodies of lyophyllum decastes sing. by ion-exchange chromatography and gel permeation chromatography. three polysaccharides (iv-1, iv-2, and iv-3) composed mainly of glucose showed marked antitumor activities against sarcoma 180 and their average molecular weights were 305 kda, 130 kda and 14 kda, respectively. from methylation analyses and 13c-nmr spectra, it was suggested that iv-1 was a (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan-type polysa ... | 2000 | 16232825 |
| purification and characterization of an acid phosphatase from the commercial mushroom agaricus bisporus. | acid phosphatase [ap; ec 3.1.3.2], a key enzyme involved in the synthesis of mannitol in agaricus bisporus, was purified to homogeneity and characterized. the native enzyme appeared to be a high molecular weight type glycoprotein. it has a molecular weight of 145 kda and consists of four identical 39-kda subunits. the isoelectric point of the enzyme was found at 4.7. maximum activity occurred at 65 degrees c. the optimum ph range was between 3.5 and 5.5, with maximum activity at ph 4.75. the enz ... | 2000 | 15188886 |
| a mushroom (agaricus bisporus) tissue homogenate based alcohol oxidase electrode for alcohol determination in serum. | to construct homogenized tissue based biosensors by using plant tissue materials is a relatively new development in the biosensor technology. in this study, a homogenized mushroom (agaricus bisporus) tissue based electrode in which alcohol oxidase activity was developed by immobilizing with gelatin and cross-linking agent glutaraldehyde at dissolved oxygen probe for determination of ethyl alcohol. the electrode response depends linearly on ethyl alcohol concentration between 0.2 and 20 mm. in th ... | 2000 | 18968136 |
| comparison of sample preparation methods based on proteolytic enzymatic processes for se-speciation of edible mushroom (agaricus bisporus) samples. | a sequential sample preparation process was developed for the speciation analysis for se-enriched edible mushroom, agaricus bisporus containing 110.2 mug of total se/g sample. five different sample extraction methods were compared and the most efficient method (a three-step process involving the use of water extraction and two proteolytic enzymes - pepsin and trypsin) proved to be the most suitable for extracting selenium, with an extraction efficiency of 75%. as the analogues of these enzymes p ... | 2001 | 18968388 |
| molecular phylogenetic analyses of verticillium fungicola and related species causing dry bubble disease of the cultivated button mushroom, agaricus bisporus. | abstract molecular phylogenetic analyses were performed on 40 isolates of verticillium fungicola collected from various pennsylvania mushroom farms in 1999 and 28 isolates of verticillium spp. collected during the last 50 years from various geographic locations. sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 (its1 and its2) and 5.8s regions of the nuclear ribosomal dna (rdna) transcriptional unit and analysis of random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) data were performed for the 68 is ... | 2001 | 18944237 |
| combined molecular and biochemical approach identifies aspergillus japonicus and aspergillus aculeatus as two species. | we examined nine aspergillus japonicus isolates and 10 aspergillus aculeatus isolates by using molecular and biochemical markers, including dna sequences of the its1-5.8s rrna gene-its2 region, restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp), and secondary-metabolite profiles. the dna sequence of the internal transcribed spacers (its1 and its2) and the 5.8s rrna gene could not be used to distinguish between a. japonicus and a. aculeatus but did show that these two taxa are more closely related ... | 2001 | 11157212 |
| opposite effects on human colon cancer cell proliferation of two dietary thomsen-friedenreich antigen-binding lectins. | increased cell surface expression of the thomsen-friedenreich antigen (tf antigen, galbeta1-3galnacalpha-) is a common feature in malignant and pre-malignant epithelia. our previous studies have shown that dietary tf-binding lectins from peanut (arachis hypogea) and edible mushroom (agaricus bisporus) produce marked but different effects on human intestinal epithelial cell proliferation. this study investigates the proliferative effects of the other two known dietary tf-binding lectins: jacalin ... | 2001 | 11169464 |
| adapting substrate formulas used for shiitake for production of brown agaricus bisporus. | a pasteurized, non-composted substrate (basal mixture) consisting of oak sawdust (28%), millet (29%), rye (8%), peat (8%), alfalfa meal (4%), soybean flour (4%), wheat bran (9%), and caco3 (10%) was adapted from shiitake culture to produce the common cultivated mushroom (brown; portabello), agaricus bisporus. percentage biological efficiency (ratio of fresh mushroom harvested/oven-dry substrate weight, %be) ranged from a low of 30.1% (when wheat straw was substituted for sawdust) to 77.1% for th ... | 2001 | 11211077 |
| molecular control of copper homeostasis in filamentous fungi: increased expression of a metallothionein gene during aging of podospora anserina. | the lifespan of the ascomycete podospora anserina was previously demonstrated to be significantly increased in a copper-uptake mutant, suggesting that copper is a potential stressor involved in degenerative processes. in order to determine whether changes in copper stress occur in the cells during normal aging of cultures, we cloned and characterized a gene coding for a component of the molecular machinery involved in the control of copper homeostasis. this gene, pamt1, is a single-copy gene tha ... | 2001 | 11212915 |
| glycoinositolphosphosphingolipids (basidiolipids) of higher mushrooms. | the basidiolipids of six mushroom species, i.e. the basidiomycetes amanita virosa (engl., death cup), calvatia exipuliformis (engl., puffball), cantharellus cibarius (engl., chanterelle), leccinum scabrum (engl., red birch boletus), lentinus edodes (jap., shiitake), and pleurotus ostreatus (engl., oystermushroom), were isolated, and their chemical structures investigated. all glycolipids are structurally related to those of the agaricales (engl., field mushroom). they are glycoinositolphosphosph ... | 2001 | 11231270 |
| the metabolism and bioactivation of agaritine and of other mushroom hydrazines by whole mushroom homogenate and by mushroom tyrosinase. | whole homogenates of agaricus bisporus metabolised the mushroom hydrazine agaritine [beta-n-(gamma-l(+)glutamyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl) phenylhydrazine] to generate at least three metabolites. none of these metabolites, however, was the free hydrazine [4-(hydroxymethyl)phenylhydrazine], the postulated metabolite of agaritine believed to be formed as a result of the loss of the gamma-glutamyl group, the reaction being catalysed by gamma-glutamyltransferase. the three metabolites of agaritine displayed ... | 2001 | 11297805 |
| abundance and diversity of schizophyllum commune spore clouds in the caribbean detected by selective sampling. | selective spore trapping and molecular genotyping methods were employed to examine potential long-distance gene flow among caribbean populations of the common mushroom schizophyllum commune. spore-trap samples from five locations were analysed using restriction fragment polymorphisms of five enzymatically amplified gene regions. successful trappings suggested s. commune spores to be abundant in the air, with an estimated sedimentation rate of approximately 18 spores/m2/h. high levels of genetic ... | 2001 | 11298961 |
| transformation of the cultivated mushroom agaricus bisporus (lange) using t-dna from agrobacterium tumefaciens. | agrobacterium tumefaciens is known to transfer parts of its tumor-inducing plasmid, the t-dna, to plants, yeasts and filamentous fungi. we have used this system to transform germinating basidiospores and vegetative mycelium of a commercial strain of the cultivated basidiomycete agaricus bisporus. analysis of transformants shows that the t-dna integrates at random sites into the host genome and that the selection marker is stable during mitosis and meiosis. the agrobacterium system allows the tra ... | 2001 | 11318105 |
| the cel4 gene of agaricus bisporus encodes a beta-mannanase. | mannases have industrial uses in food and pulp industries, and their regulation may influence development of the mushrooms of commercially important basidiomycetes. we expressed an agaricus bisporus cel4 cdna, which encodes a mannanase, in saccharomyces cerevisiae and pichia pastoris. cel4 had no detectable activity on cellulose or xylan. this gene is the first isolated from this economically important fungus to encode a mannanase. p. pastoris secreted about three times more cel4 than s. cerevis ... | 2001 | 11319115 |
| crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of mannitol dehydrogenase (mtdh) from the common mushroom agaricus bisporus. | mannitol dehydrogenase (mtdh) is a key enzyme controlling the reductive synthesis of mannitol from fructose in the common mushroom agaricus bisporus. a better understanding of the control of mannitol metabolism can be obtained by studying the structure of this enzyme. here, the purification and crystallization of recombinant mtdh are reported. crystals generally belonged to the space group c2, with unit-cell parameters a = 227, b = 125, c = 133 a, beta = 118 degrees, and diffracted to at least 1 ... | 2001 | 11320313 |
| use of molecular markers to differentiate between commercial strains of the button mushroom agaricus bisporus. | agaricus bisporus is an edible basidiomycete cultivated industrially for food production. different spawn and mushroom producers use genetically related a. bisporus strains frequently marketed as different products. in this paper we show that the use of suitable molecular markers reveals the high level of genetic homology of commercial strains of a. bisporus, and allows, at the same time, to distinguish between them. in the course of this work, a molecular marker potentially linked to the agrono ... | 2001 | 11325552 |
| characteristics and n-terminal amino acid sequence of manganese peroxidase from solid substrate cultures of agaricus bisporus. | extracellular manganese peroxidase (mnp) was purified from the compost extract of agaricus bisporus using anion exchange chromatography, gel filtration and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). two forms (mnp1 and mnp2) were separated by isoelectric focusing and their isoelectric points were determined to be 3.25 (mnp1) and 3.3 (mnp2). both forms had a molecular mass of 40 kda. the first 25 amino acids of the n-terminal end of mnp1 sequence was found to share 68% ... | 2001 | 11330710 |
| the crystallographic structure of the mannitol 2-dehydrogenase nadp+ binary complex from agaricus bisporus. | mannitol, an acyclic six-carbon polyol, is one of the most abundant sugar alcohols occurring in nature. in the button mushroom, agaricus bisporus, it is synthesized from fructose by the enzyme mannitol 2-dehydrogenase (mtdh; ec ) using nadph as a cofactor. mannitol serves as the main storage carbon (up to 50% of the fruit body dry weight) and plays a critical role in growth, fruit body development, osmoregulation, and salt tolerance. furthermore, mannitol dehydrogenases are being evaluated for c ... | 2001 | 11335726 |
| cloning and postharvest expression of serine proteinase transcripts in the cultivated mushroom agaricus bisporus. | increases in both the levels and the activity of serine proteinase have been previously described in the senescing mushroom agaricus bisporus. cdna encoding serine proteinase was amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a degenerate primer based on the n-terminal sequence of a previously isolated a. bisporus serine proteinase and then cloned. the cdna was sequenced and shown to be homologous to those of other fungal serine proteinases. northern analysis showed that this ... | 2001 | 11343400 |
| analysis of asn-linked glycans from vegetable foodstuffs: widespread occurrence of lewis a, core alpha1,3-linked fucose and xylose substitutions. | the n-glycans from 27 "plant" foodstuffs, including one from a gymnospermic plant and one from a fungus, were prepared by a new procedure and examined by means of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof-ms). for several samples, glycan structures were additionally investigated by size-fractionation and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography in conjunction with exoglycosidase digests and finally also (1)h-nuclear magnetic resonance spe ... | 2001 | 11358875 |
| the structure of a pyoverdine produced by a pseudomonas tolaasii-like isolate. | cultures of agaricus bisporus, the most extensively cultivated mushroom, can be infected severely by pseudomonas tolaasii. this pathogen is characterized by the so-called white line reaction, a precipitate formed on agar plates between its colonies and those of p. reactans, both belonging to the collective species p. fluorescens. a recent study has shown that a group of p. tolaasii isolates can be subdivided into two groups or 'siderovars', based on the pyoverdines they produce (munsch et al. 20 ... | 2001 | 11368279 |
| contents of vitamins, mineral elements, and some phenolic compounds in cultivated mushrooms. | the aim of the study was to determine the contents of mineral elements (ca, k, mg, na, p, cu, fe, mn, cd, pb, and se), vitamins (b(1), b(2), b(12), c, d, folates, and niacin), and certain phenolic compounds (flavonoids, lignans, and phenolic acids) in the cultivated mushrooms agaricus bisporus/white, agaricus bisporus/brown, lentinus edodes, and pleurotus ostreatus. selenium, toxic heavy metals (cd, pb), and other mineral elements were analyzed by etaas, icp-ms, and icp methods, respectively; vi ... | 2001 | 11368601 |
| olfactory response to mushroom composting emissions as a function of chemical concentration. | odor pollution is a major problem facing mushroom [agaricus bisporus (lange) imbach] compost production. techniques for quantifying mushroom composting odors are needed to assess the effectiveness of odor control measures. odor samples were obtained in nalophane bags from 11 mushroom composting sites. samples were collected 0.2 m downwind from the pre-wetting heaps (aerated or unaerated) of raw composting ingredients (wheat straw, poultry and horse manures, and gypsum) and subsequent phase i com ... | 2001 | 11401265 |
| proposal of mycetocola gen. nov. in the family microbacteriaceae and three new species, mycetocola saprophilus sp. nov., mycetocola tolaasinivorans sp. nov. and mycetocola lacteus sp. nov., isolated from cultivated mushroom, pleurotus ostreatus. | the taxonomic positions of 10 tolaasin-detoxifying bacteria, which were isolated from the cultivated mushroom pleurotus ostreatus, were investigated. these strains are gram-positive, obligately aerobic, non-sporulating and irregular rod-shaped bacteria. they have the following characteristics: the major menaquinone is mk-10, the dna g+c content ranges from 64 to 65 mol%, the diamino acid in the cell wall is lysine and the muramic acid in the peptidoglycan is an acetyl type. the major fatty acids ... | 2001 | 11411718 |
| correlative fine specificity of several thomsen-friedenreich disaccharide-binding proteins with an effect on tumor cell proliferation. | epithelial cancer cells show increased cell surface expression of mucin antigens with aberrant o-glycosylation, notably type i core (galbeta1-3galnacalpha), termed thomsen-friedenreich disaccharide (tfd), a chemically well-defined carbohydrate antigen with a proven link to malignancy. several tfd-binding proteins influence the proliferation of cells to which they bind. we studied the fine specificity of tfd-binding proteins and its relationship with epithelial tumor cell proliferation. competiti ... | 2001 | 11432777 |
| human heterophile antibodies recognizing distinct carbohydrate epitopes on basidiolipids from different mushrooms. | investigating the immune properties of basidiolipids, i.e., glycoinositolphosphoceramides (gipc) of basidiomytes, higher mushrooms, it was detected that sera of normal adult human subjects contained igg2 and igm heterophile antibodies (hetabs) that immunoreacted with these lipids. however, this immune recognition was not shared by the glycolipids of all mushroom species. the basidiolipids of amanita virosa (eng., death cup) and cantharellus cibarius (engl., chantarelle), of all mushroom species ... | 2001 | 11465669 |
| screening of basidiomycete fungi for the quinone-dependent sugar c-2/c-3 oxidoreductase, pyranose dehydrogenase, and properties of the enzyme from macrolepiota rhacodes. | mycelial cultures of 76 strains of lignocellulose-degrading basidiomycete fungi were screened for the activity of pyranose dehydrogenase, a novel sugar oxidoreductase recently detected in agaricus bisporus. of these fungi, 37 strains belonging to seven phylogenetically related genera of mostly litter-decomposing agaricales were positive for the dehydrogenase, based on activity assays towards d-glucose with 1,4-benzoquinone or ferricenium ion as electron acceptors, and on tlc/hplc analyses of the ... | 2001 | 11511865 |
| biology, life table and host specificity of the mushroom pest, brennandania lambi (acari: pygmephoroidea). | biology and life table parameters of brennandania lambi (krczal) were studied at different temperatures while feeding on white mushroom (agaricus bisporus) mycelium cultured on mushroom compost. the duration of egg and larva development, preoviposition and oviposition period, female longevity, and the time to 50% mortality declined as temperature increased from 16 to 28 degrees c. the threshold temperature of development (female) was 9 degrees c and the thermal constant for completion of develop ... | 2001 | 11523915 |
| rapd discrimination of agaricus bisporus mushroom cultivars. | cultivars of the white button mushroom agaricus bisporus are difficult to differentiate, which has made strain protection problematic for this crop species. we have used rapds to discriminate between 26 strains of a. bisporus, 24 of which were commercial cultivars, and to characterise the genetic relatedness of these strains. using 20 primers, 211 rapd markers were identified and used in hierarchical cluster, patristic distance and parsimony analyses. all strains could be differentiated using th ... | 2001 | 11525623 |
| characterization by 16s rrna sequence analysis of pseudomonads causing blotch disease of cultivated agaricus bisporus. | bacterial blotch of agaricus bisporus has typically been identified as being caused by either pseudomonas tolaasii (brown blotch) or pseudomonas gingeri (ginger blotch). to address the relatedness of pseudomonads able to induce blotch, a pilot study was initiated in which pseudomonads were selectively isolated from mushroom farms throughout new zealand. thirty-three pseudomonad isolates were identified as being capable of causing different degrees of discoloration (separable into nine categories ... | 2001 | 11526038 |
| chitin-supplemented formulations improve biocontrol and plant growth promoting efficiency of bacillus subtilis af 1. | formulations of a chitinolytic biocontrol and a plant growth promoting bacillus subtilis af 1 were prepared in peat, in peat supplemented with either 0.5% chitin or aspergillus niger mycelium, or in spent compost obtained from agaricus bisporus cultivation and were evaluated for biocontrol of two fungal pathogens and plant growth promoting activities on pigeon pea and groundnut. a steady increase in cell numbers of introduced b. subtilis af 1 was observed in all the formulations at 30 degrees c. ... | 2001 | 11547881 |
| genetic characterization of pseudomonas 'nzi7'--a novel pathogen that results in a brown blotch disease of agaricus bisporus. | to characterize a novel pseudomonad isolate capable of causing brown blotch disease of agaricus bisporus. | 2001 | 11556905 |