Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| udp-galactose 4-epimerase from kluyveromyces fragilis: reconstitution of holoenzyme structure after dissociation with parachloromercuribenzoate. | udp-galactose 4-epimerase from yeast kluyveromyces fragilis (kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus) is a homodimer of molecular mass 75 kda/subunit and has one mol nad firmly bound/dimer. the pathway for the assembly of the holoenzyme structure has been studied after dissociating the native epimerase with p-chloromercuribenzoate into inactive mercurated monomers. the process of dissociation was not associated with unfolding of the molecules. reconstitution of the functional holoenzyme was done ... | 1998 | 9826189 |
| sordarins: in vitro activities of new antifungal derivatives against pathogenic yeasts, pneumocystis carinii, and filamentous fungi. | gm 193663, gm 211676, gm 222712, and gm 237354 are new semisynthetic derivatives of the sordarin class. the in vitro antifungal activities of gm 193663, gm 211676, gm 222712, and gm 237354 against 111 clinical yeast isolates of candida albicans, candida kefyr, candida glabrata, candida parapsilosis, candida krusei, and cryptococcus neoformans were compared. the in vitro activities of some of these compounds against pneumocystis carinii, 20 isolates each of aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillus f ... | 1998 | 9797217 |
| influence of temperature, ph and water activity on "in vitro" inhibition of penicillium glabrum (wehmer) westling by yeasts. | four different yeast species (metschnikowia pulcherrima, saccharomycopsis vini, kluyveromyces marxianus, cryptococcus albidus), isolated from surface of grapes, were evaluated for biocontrol potential against penicillium glabrum. in order to investigate the influence of temperature, ph, water activity and yeast cell concentration on penicillium glabrum inhibition, the individual effects and the interaction of these factors were analyzed by means of a central composite design (ccd). all yeast spe ... | 1998 | 9760746 |
| production of bioingredients from kluyveromyces marxianus grown on whey: an alternative. | whey waste is a major problem for the dairy industry. finding alternative means to reduce its pollution potential and produce high value-added bioingredients has been attempted by many researchers. kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus is a dairy yeast that produces beta-galactosidase, allowing for whey fermentation. also, k. marxianus has been proposed as a source of: (1) oligonucleotides, used as flavor enhancers in food products; (2) oligosaccharides, used as prebiotics to stimulate the grow ... | 1998 | 9813735 |
| comparison of a new commercial colorimetric microdilution method with a standard method for in-vitro susceptibility testing of candida spp. and cryptococcus neoformans. | the sensititre yeast one method (accumed international ltd, east grinstead, uk) is a microplate-based procedure that incorporates an oxidation-reduction indicator, alamar blue, for the in-vitro testing of five antifungal agents (amphotericin b, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole and flucytosine). we compared this colorimetric method with a standard broth microdilution test, performed according to us national committee for clinical laboratory standards document m27-a guidelines, for determin ... | 1998 | 9818741 |
| [the cloning and expression of the gene for beta-galactosidase from candida pseudotropicalis yeasts in saccharomyces cerevisiae cells]. | the gene of beta-galactosidase of lactose-assimilating yeast candida pseudotropicalis was cloned in pg2 and pbg2-3 hybrid shuttle vectors and expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae laboratory strains under the control of own promoter. the plasmids were able to replicate autonomously with relative stability in transformants of baker's yeasts. the availability of glucose or lactose in the medium influenced the recombinant plasmid stability and the expression of the cloned gene. a number of experime ... | 1998 | 9859642 |
| one step partial purification of beta-d-galactosidase from kluyveromyces marxianus cdb 002 using streamline-deae. | the intracellular enzyme beta-d-galactosidase provides interesting applications in the dairy industry, which are able to solve problems related to product processing, or can alleviate lactose intolerance in some populations. in order to obtain a technical enzyme, yeast cells of kluyveromyces marxianus cdb 002 were disrupted by high pressure homogenization and an innovative chromatographic technique was tested for the recovery of beta-d-galactosidase. a streamline 25 column, containing 65 ml stre ... | 1998 | 10036751 |
| inulase-secreting strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae produces fructose. | the gene encoding inulase of the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus (inu1km) was cloned and expressed in the inulin-negative yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. cells of s. cerevisiae transformed with the inu1km gene have acquired extracellular inulase activity and were able to grow in the medium with inulin as a sole carbon source. the s. cerevisiae strain was constructed that is capable of heterologous expression of secreted k. marxianus inulase and is defective in fructose uptake due to null-mutations ... | 1998 | 10099455 |
| production of 2-phenylethyl alcohol by kluyveromyces marxianus. | among the numerous yeasts able to produce flavor compounds, several strains of kluyveromyces species are known for the synthesis of large amounts of aromatic compounds. in particular, the accumulation of 2-phenylethyl alcohol in liquid cultures of kluyveromyces marxianus was observed after incubation on a semisynthetic medium at 30 degrees c, 125 rpm. changes in the carbon sources led to a significant modification of the amount of this aromatic compound; moreover, the variations in the level of ... | 1998 | 9548779 |
| effect of cell morphology on dead-end filtration of the dimorphic yeast kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus nrrly2415. | the dead-end filtration characteristics of the dimorphic yeast kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus (formerly fragilis) nrrly2415 were investigated for a range of mean cell morphologies, ranging from predominantly yeast-like to predominantly filamentous. semiautomated image analysis was used to measure the mean cell specific surface area, sv, and the mean ratio of cell length to equivalent cylindrical diameter, ldm, in each broth. the method of ju and ho (biotechnol. bioeng. 1988, 32, 95-99) w ... | 1998 | 9548781 |
| isolation and characterization of kluyveromyces marxianus mutants deficient in malate transport. | in malic acid-grown cells of the strains atcc 10022 and kms3 of kluyveromyces marxianus the transport of malic acid occurred by a malate-proton symport, which accepted l-malic, d-malic, succinic and fumaric acids, but not tartaric, malonic or maleic acids. the system was inducible and subjected to glucose repression. mutants of the strain kms3, unable to grow in a medium with malic acid, were isolated and checked for their capacity to utilize several carbon sources and to transport dicarboxylic ... | 1998 | 9559548 |
| cloning and characterization of two pyruvate decarboxylase genes from pichia stipitis cbs 6054. | in pichia stipitis, fermentative and pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc) activities increase with diminished oxygen rather than in response to fermentable sugars. to better characterize pdc expression and regulation, two genes for pdc (pspdc1 and pspdc2) were cloned and sequenced from p. stipitis cbs 6054. aside from saccharomyces cerevisiae, from which three pdc genes have been characterized, p. stipitis is the only organism from which multiple genes for pdc have been identified and characterized. psp ... | 1998 | 9435065 |
| correlation of in vitro fluconazole susceptibility with clinical outcome for severely ill patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis. | we investigated the correlation between in vitro susceptibility to fluconazole and clinical response in severely ill patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis treated with fluconazole. the study included 48 adult patients, of whom 23 were neutropenic (absolute neutrophil count, < 500/mm3). forty-eight isolates (20 candida albicans, 12 candida krusei, 10 candida kefyr, 3 torulopsis glabrata, and 3 candida tropicalis) were tested for susceptibility to fluconazole with use of the macrodilution method ... | 1998 | 9564473 |
| microbial cell-based biosensor for sensing glucose, sucrose or lactose. | biosensors for the determination of glucose, sucrose and lactose were based on a clark-type oxygen electrode covered with a membrane containing microbial cells. the glucose-sensing membrane was prepared with intact cells of gluconobacter oxydans immobilized in gelatin cross-linked with glutardialdehyde. the disaccharide-sensing membranes were prepared by co-immobilization of g. oxydans with cells of saccharomyces cerevisiae containing invertase for sucrose determination and with permeabilized ce ... | 1998 | 9569611 |
| yeast profile in gouda cheese during processing and ripening. | the yeasts present in gouda cheese during processing were monitored in a single cheese factory during a 32 day ripening period. despite the predominance of lactic acid bacteria during gouda making, yeasts played a significant role in the ripening process in reaching counts as high as 10(5) cfu g(-1) at the later stages of ripening. the increase in the number of yeasts corresponded with the depletion in lactose content and the simultaneous stabilization of lactic acid bacteria numbers. the source ... | 1998 | 9706786 |
| u3 snorna genes with and without intron in the kluyveromyces genus: yeasts can accommodate great variations of the u3 snorna 3'-terminal domain. | the u3 snorna coding sequences from the genomic dnas of kluyveromyces delphensis and four variants of the kluyveromyces marxianus species were cloned by pcr amplification. nucleotide sequence analysis of the amplification products revealed a unique u3 snorna gene sequence in all the strains studied, except for k. marxianus var. fragilis. the k. marxianus u3 genes were intronless, whereas an intron similar to those of the saccharomyces cerevisiae u3 genes was found in k. delphensis. hence, u3 gen ... | 1998 | 9510331 |
| fungaemia survey: a 10-year experience in bergamo, italy. | the authors analysed 10 years of experience of fungaemia at a regional italian hospital, the azienda ospedaliera (a.o.) 'ospedali riuniti di bergamo', bergamo, italy, from 1988 to 1997. one hundred and sixty-eight cases were observed, with a global incidence corresponding to 3.43/10,000 in-patients. median age was 38.5 years and mean age was 38.9 years (range: 0-94 years). female:male ratio was 1:1.75. fungaemia occurred 25.7 days (mean value) after admission to the hospital. aetiology was: 134 ... | 1999 | 10592698 |
| utilization of protein-hydrolyzed cheese whey for production of beta-galactosidase by kluyveromyces marxianus. | we studied the utilization of protein-hydrolyzed sweet cheese whey as a medium for the production of beta-galactosidase by the yeasts kluyveromyces marxianus cbs 712 and cbs 6556. the conditions for growth were determined in shake cultures. the best growth occurred at ph 5.5 and 37 degrees c. strain cbs 6556 grew in cheese whey in natura, while strain cbs 712 needed cheese whey supplemented with yeast extract. each yeast was grown in a bioreactor under these conditions. the strains produced equi ... | 1999 | 10510485 |
| an unusual structural motif of antimicrobial peptides containing end-to-end macrocycle and cystine-knot disulfides. | four macrocyclic cystine-knot peptides of 29-31 residues, kalata, circulin a and b (cira and cirb), and cyclopsychotride, have been isolated from coffee plants but have undetermined physiological functions. these macrocycles and 10 of their analogs prepared by chemical synthesis were tested against nine strains of microbes. kalata and cira were specific for the gram-positive staphylococcus aureus with a minimum inhibition concentration of approximately 0.2 microm. they were relatively ineffectiv ... | 1999 | 10430870 |
| continuous ethanol fermentation of lactose by a recombinant flocculating saccharomyces cerevisiae strain. | alcohol fermentation of lactose was investigated using a recombinant flocculating saccharomyces cerevisiae, expressing the lac4 (coding for beta-galactosidase) and lac12 (coding for lactose permease) genes of kluyveromyces marxianus. data on yeast fermentation and growth on a medium containing lactose as the sole carbon source are presented. in the range of studied lactose concentrations, total lactose consumption was observed with a conversion yield of ethanol close to the expected theoretical ... | 1999 | 10417218 |
| purification and characterization of an endo-polygalacturonase from a mutant of saccharomyces cerevisiae. | an extracellular endo-polygalacturonase (pgase) produced by a mutant of saccharomyces cerevisiae was isolated. the enzyme was regarded, immunologically, as a pgase belonging to the kluyveromyces marxianus group. the enzyme had properties similar to the pgase from k. marxianus in heat and ph stability, and n-terminal amino acid sequence. however, the enzyme showed different properties in optimum ph and temperature, molecular weight, and reactivity in antiserum against pgase from k. marxianus, ind ... | 1999 | 10427698 |
| cloning, targeted disruption and heterologous expression of the kluyveromyces marxianus endopolygalacturonase gene (epg1). | the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus strain bkm y-719 produces an efficient pectin-degrading endopolygalacturonase (epg) that cleaves the internal alpha-1,4-d-glycosidic linkages to yield oligomers of varying sizes. the epg1 gene encoding this industrially important epg was cloned by using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique and degenerate primers to generate a 135 bp dna fragment with which a genomic library was screened. the cloned fragment contained an open reading frame (orf) of 1083 ... | 1999 | 10206190 |
| a novel colorimetric yeast bioassay for detecting trichothecene mycotoxins. | a novel colorimetric microbial bioassay for toxicity has been developed; it shows particular sensitivity to trichothecene mycotoxins. the assay uses inhibition of expression of beta-galactosidase activity within the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus as a sensitive toxicity indicator, cultures remaining yellow, rather than turning deep green-blue, in the presence of x-gal, a chromogenic substrate. the assay is conducted in standard microtitre plates, permitting small volumes (160 microl) and many rep ... | 1999 | 10333072 |
| low frequency alternating electric fields inhibit lactose uptake in kluyveromyces marxianus. | frequency-dependent lactose uptake via the h+/lactose symporter in an externally applied low-intensity alternating electric field was demonstrated, using tracer flux experiments. the uptake of radiolabeled lactose was significantly inhibited with the electric field-strength of 30 v/cm and at frequencies below 10 hz. | 1999 | 10379572 |
| extractive fermentation of aroma with supercritical co2 | this work deals with the feasibility of achieving an extractive fermentation of 2-phenylethyl alcohol, the rose aroma, coupling fermentation with kluyveromyces marxianus and supercritical carbon dioxide (scco2) extraction. the extractive process is, in this case, of special interest due to the strong yeast inhibition by 2-phenylethyl alcohol. first results confirmed that direct scco2 extraction is not possible, due to a drastic co2 effect on cell viability. it is therefore necessary to perform c ... | 1999 | 10397878 |
| production of pectic enzymes in yeasts. | when grown in the appropriate medium, several yeast species produce pectinases able to degrade pectic substances. it is mainly exocellular endopolygalacturonases that break pectins or pectate down by hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkages in a random way. biochemical characterisation of these enzymes has shown that they have an optimal ph in the acidic region and an optimal temperature between 40 and 55 degrees c. their production by yeasts is a constitutive feature and is repressed by the ... | 1999 | 10361703 |
| nisin production by a mixed-culture system consisting of lactococcus lactis and kluyveromyces marxianus. | to control the ph during antimicrobial peptide (nisin) production by a lactic acid bacterium, lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (atcc11454), a novel method involving neither addition of alkali nor a separation system such as a ceramic membrane filter and electrodialyzer was developed. a mixed culture of l. lactis and kluyveromyces marxianus, which was isolated from kefir grains, was utilized in the developed system. the interaction between lactate production by l. lactis and its assimilation by k ... | 1999 | 10388714 |
| a colorimetric technique for detecting trichothecenes and assessing relative potencies. | we tested a novel colorimetric toxicity test, based on inhibition of beta-galactosidase activity in the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus, for sensitivity to a range of mycotoxins. a variety of trichothecene mycotoxins could be detected. the order of toxicity established with this bioassay was verrucarin a > roridin a > t-2 toxin > diacetoxyscirpenol > ht-2 toxin > acetyl t-2 toxin > neosolaniol > fusarenon x > t-2 triol > scirpentriol > nivalenol > deoxynivalenol > t-2 tetraol. the sensitivity of d ... | 1999 | 10223969 |
| proposing sequences for peptides derived from whey fermentation with potential bioactive sites. | in fed-batch fermentation by kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus, whey-soluble proteins were converted into oligopeptides. to assess whether bioactive peptides could be produced during whey fermentation, k. marxianus was cultured in batch in deproteinized media containing 5 or 15% (wt/vol) dehydrated whey for 20 h and then was in fed-batch mode for 50 h. after harvesting the biomass (25,000 x g, 15 min), at 6-h intervals, the wort was analyzed to determine protein consumption and oligopeptide ... | 1999 | 10194665 |
| a differential medium for the isolation of kluyveromyces marxianus and kluyveromyces lactis from dairy products. | a selective and differential solid medium, called kluyveromyces differential medium (kdm), is described for the isolation of kluyveromyces marxianus and k. lactis from dairy products. its discriminative potential is based on the detection of the enzyme beta-galactosidase, in the absence of lactose. of the more than 95 strains tested, including yeasts, bacteria, and filamentous fungus, only the strains of k. marxianus and k. lactis produced blue colonies on the medium due to the presence of x-gal ... | 1999 | 10030640 |
| in-vitro antifungal activity of liposomal nystatin in comparison with nystatin, amphotericin b cholesteryl sulphate, liposomal amphotericin b, amphotericin b lipid complex, amphotericin b desoxycholate, fluconazole and itraconazole. | the in-vitro susceptibilities of 120 clinical isolates of yeasts to liposomal nystatin were compared with those to amphotericin b lipid complex (ablc), liposomal amphotericin b (lab), amphotericin b cholesteryl sulphate (abcd), amphotericin b desoxycholate, nystatin, fluconazole and itraconazole. yeast isolates examined included strains of candida albicans, candida parapsilosis, candida glabrata, candida krusei, candida guilliermondii, candida tropicalis, candida kefyr, candida viswanathii, cand ... | 1999 | 10511410 |
| udp-galactose 4-epimerase from kluyveromyces fragilis: equilibrium unfolding studies. | udp-galactose 4-epimerase from yeast (kluyveromyces fragilis) is a homodimer of total molecular mass 150 kda having possibly one mole of nad/dimer acting as a cofactor. the molecule could be dissociated and denatured by 8 m urea at ph 7.0 and could be functionally reconstituted after dilution with buffer having extraneous nad. the unfolded and refolded equilibrium intermediates of the enzyme between 0-8 m urea have been characterized in terms of catalytic activity, nadh like characteristic coenz ... | 1999 | 10844998 |
| isolation and characterization of the k6 type yeast killer protein. | the optimum production of k6 type yeast killer protein by kluyveromyces fragilis ncyc 587 occurred at ph 4.0-4.4 and at 22-24 degrees c in a killer-zone assay test. the k6 killer protein was concentrated by acetone precipitation of the culture supernatant and purified by native polyacrylamide rod gel electrophoresis. the protein migrated as a single band on discontinuous gradient sds polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and had a molecular weight of 42,313. the isoelectric point of the k6 type pro ... | 1999 | 10581728 |
| in vitro susceptibility of yeasts for fluconazole and itraconazole. evaluation of a microdilution test. | in vitro susceptibilities were determined for a total of 159 clinical isolates and 12 reference strains of yeasts belonging to different candida species including 94 candida albicans strains, and further genera such as cryptococcus, trichosporon, geotrichum and saccharomyces. minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) values for fluconazole and itraconazole were assessed using a microdilution technique with the semisynthetic high resolution (hr) medium supplemented with glucose and asparagine but wi ... | 1999 | 10680439 |
| construction of a flocculent saccharomyces cerevisiae fermenting lactose. | a flocculent saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with the ability to express both the lac4 (coding for beta-galactosidase) and lac12 (coding for lactose permease) genes of kluyveromyces marxianus was constructed. this recombinant strain is not only able to grow on lactose, but it can also ferment this substrate. to our knowledge this is the first time that a recombinant s. cervisiae has been found to ferment lactose in a way comparable to that of the existing lactose-fermenting yeast strains. moreov ... | 1999 | 10390820 |
| neutrophil function in workers exposed to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides. | neutrophil function in 40 workers occupationally exposed to carbamate and organophophate insecticides were examined and compared to those of non-exposed individuals. phagocytosis and intracellular killing of candida albicans and candida pseudotropicalis by neutrophils were studied. two species of candida were used since in individuals with myeloperoxidase deficiency neutrophils are unable to kill candida albicans, while candida pseudotropicalis can be effectively lysed. phagocytosis of both anti ... | 1999 | 10408634 |
| comparative in vitro activity of antiseptics and disinfectants versus clinical isolates of candida species. | to evaluate the in vitro activity of antiseptics and detergents against candida. | 1999 | 10530645 |
| construction of efficient centromeric, multicopy and expression vectors for the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus using homologous elements and the promoter of a purine-cytosine-like permease. | efficient centromeric and multicopy vectors have been constructed for the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus using homologous ars and centromere sequences. a homologous promoter of a purine-cytosine permease gene called pcpl3 has been cloned, using an expression system based on gus. its strength has been estimated in k. marxianus by putting the homologous beta-glucosidase gene under its control. this promoter is very efficient as activities higher than the ones obtained with the saccharomyces cerevis ... | 1999 | 10943566 |
| biological activities of oligoketide pigments of monascus purpureus. | rubropunctatin (1), monascorubrin (2), monascin (3) and ankaflavin (4) were purified from the mycelium of monascus purpureus by flash chromatography on silica gel or reversed phase. their embryotoxicity towards chicken embryos decreased in the order 2 > 1 > 3 > 4. the lower homologues 1 and 3 exhibited teratogenic effects on these organisms. significant antibiotic activities against bacillus subtilis and candida pseudotropicalis were found with compounds 1 and 2. immunosuppressive activity on mo ... | 1999 | 11565571 |
| in-vitro activity of five antifungal agents against uncommon clinical isolates of candida spp. | a broth microdilution method and an agar dilution method were used for testing fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, flucytosine and amphotericin b against 98 clinical isolates belonging to seven species of candida. the approximate rank order of fluconazole mics was candida lusitaniae approximately candida kefyr < candida famata approximately candida guilliermondii < candida pelliculosa approximately c. lipolytica approximately candida inconspicua. candida lypolitica and c. pelliculosa were t ... | 1999 | 11252339 |
| analysis of phylogenetic relationships among twelve yeast species. | partial sequences of 25 s ribosomal dna for nine candida yeast and one kluyveromyces yeast strains were cloned and determined. we compared them with two published 25 s rdna sequences of saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida albicans. an evolutionary tree of the twelve species was inferred from about 370 sites of 5' end of 25 s ribosomal dna using the methods of neighbor-joining and bootstrap. the molecular data indicate a very close affinity between candida kefyr cbs834 and kluyveromyces cicerisp ... | 1999 | 12115011 |
| endopolygalacturonase genes and enzymes from saccharomyces cerevisiae and kluyveromyces marxianus. | the gene encoding endopolygalacturonase (ec 3.2.1.15) has been cloned, sequenced and expressed from three strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae (including nonsecretors) and three strains of kluyveromyces marxianus. both control and coding regions showed small differences within each species, one including loss of a potential glycosylation site. two non-secreting s. cerevisiae strains (fy1679 and var. uvarum) had non-transcribed copies of functional genes. maximum enzyme activity was achieved with ... | 2000 | 11191210 |
| decolorization of remazol black-b using a thermotolerant yeast, kluyveromyces marxianus imb3. | the ability of kluyveromyces marxianus imb3 to decolorize remazol black-b dye was investigated. the effect of environmental conditions, such as ph and temperature were examined. no noticeable effects on decolorization were observed when ph varied from 3.0-5.5. maximum colour removal, 98%, was achieved at 37 degrees c. little or no colour removal was detected when k. marxianus imb3 was incubated under anaerobic conditions. further investigation, in which decolorization was monitored under extreme ... | 2000 | 11345742 |
| identification of rare candida species and other yeasts by polymerase chain reaction and slot blot hybridization. | invasive candidiasis has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts. here we describe a fast and reliable dna extraction and pcr amplification method in combination with a slot blot hybridization assay. a genus-specific probe was designed that allowed to detect dna from a broad range of candida species and 3 other yeasts. in addition, species-specific oligonucleotides for emerging candida and other yeast species allowed to identify dna extracted from candida lusit ... | 2000 | 11146245 |
| uptake of aflatoxin b1 and t-2 toxin by two mycotoxin bioassay microorganisms: kluyveromyces marxianus and bacillus megaterium. | uptake of aflatoxin b1 (afb1) and trichothecene t-2 toxin from growth medium by mycotoxin bioassay strains of klutyveomyces marxianus and bacillus megaterium was assessed by incubating, washing, and sonicating the cells, extracting samples with chloroform, and analysing the extracts by a combination of high-performance thin-layer chromatography (hptlc) and fluorescence densitometry. using cultures of k. marxianus, the entire afb1 dose was recovered and no afb1 metabolites were detected. less tha ... | 2000 | 11195092 |
| antimicrobial activity of a 14-residue synthetic peptide against foodborne microorganisms. | a chemically synthesized short-chain peptide composed of six leucine and eight lysine (6k8l) residues was demonstrated to be biocidal against several foodborne organisms including escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, pseudomonas fluorescens, and kluyveromyces marxianus suspended in phosphate buffer at concentrations of 5 to 50 microg/ml. all strains were reduced by 3 log10 cfu/ml within 10 min at peptide concentrations of <10 microg/ml. the peptide reduced by 3 log10 cfu/ml e. coli ... | 2000 | 10914655 |
| recovery of endo-polygalacturonase using polyethylene glycol-salt aqueous two-phase extraction with polymer recycling. | the partitioning behaviour of endo-polygalacturonase (endo-pg) and total protein from a clarified kluyveromyces marxianus fermentation broth in polyethylene glycol (peg)-ammonium sulfate and peg-potassium phosphate (ph=7) aqueous two-phase systems was experimentally investigated. both the enzyme and total protein partitioned in the bottom phase for these two kinds of systems. the enzyme partitioning coefficient can be lower than 0.01 in peg8000-(nh4)2so4 atps with a large phase volume ratio and ... | 2000 | 11321523 |
| generation of odorous acyloins by yeast pyruvate decarboxylases and their occurrence in sherry and soy sauce. | volatile acyloins (alpha-hydroxy ketones) were obtained by condensing either aldehydes with pyruvate or 2-keto acids with acetaldehyde in a reaction catalyzed by yeast pyruvate decarboxylases (ec 4.1.1.1). odor qualities and threshold values of 34 acyloins were evaluated, and 23 of them possessed distinct flavor properties. sherry and soy sauce flavors were analyzed: 2-hydroxy-3-pentanone and 3-hydroxy-2-pentanone were identified in soy sauce for the first time; these and 2-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-he ... | 2000 | 11141278 |
| nucleotide sequence, expression and transcriptional analysis of the bifidobacterium longum mb 219 lacz gene. | the gene encoding beta-galactosidase was isolated by functional complementation of escherichia coli from bifidobacterium longum mb219, which exhibited the highest activity among ten bifidobacterium strains tested of the species b. longum, b. breve, b. adolescentis, b. indicum, b. animalis and b. cuniculi. the nucleotide sequence of the 5.0-kb fragment conferring the positive beta-galactosidase phenotype to e. coli revealed the presence of a lacz-type gene encoding a 1023-amino-acid protein that ... | 2000 | 10985745 |
| [mycotic disease of the mucous membranes of the head and neck]. | candidiasis is usually a superficial infection of the moist areas of the body and is generally caused by candida albicans. visceral infections occur in diabetes, lymphomas and leukemias, malnutrition, avitaminosis and they are associated with antibiotic, corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy. candida albicans was isolated from middle ear inflammation. the diagnosis is made on the basis of microscopic appearance of colonies and characteristic smell. candidiasis is successfully treated with ... | 2000 | 10953558 |
| comparison of high-performance liquid chromatographic and microbiological methods for determination of voriconazole levels in plasma. | a new selective high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method with uv detection for the determination of the investigational triazole voriconazole in human plasma by using acetonitrile precipitation followed by reverse-phase hplc on a c(18) column was compared with a simple agar well diffusion bioassay method with candida kefyr atcc 46764 as the assay organism. pooled plasma was used to prepare standard and control samples for both methods. the results of analyses with spiked serum sample ... | 2000 | 10770753 |
| kluyveromyces marxianus exhibits an ancestral saccharomyces cerevisiae genome organization downstream of adh2. | in saccharomyces cerevisiae, the alcohol dehydrogenase genes adh1 and adh5 are part of a duplicated block of genome, thought to originate from a genome-wide duplication posterior to the divergence from the kluyveromyces lineage. we report here the characterization of kluyveromyces marxianus adh2 and the five genes found in its immediate downstream region, mrps9, yol087c, rpb5, rib7 and spp381. the order of these six genes reflects the structure of the ancestral s. cerevisiae genome before the du ... | 2000 | 10974568 |
| kinetic modeling of lactose hydrolysis with an immobilized beta-galactosidase from kluyveromyces fragilis. | the kinetic model of the hydrolysis of lactose with a beta-galactosidase from kluyveromyces fragilis immobilized on a commercial silica-alumina (ka-3, from südchemie) has been determined. a wide experimental range of the main variables has been employed: temperature, concentrations of substrate, and products and concentration of enzyme. the runs were performed in a complex buffer with the salt composition of milk. the effect of ph and temperature on the stability and the activity of the enzyme h ... | 2000 | 11024521 |
| phylogeny of the genus kluyveromyces inferred from the mitochondrial cytochrome-c oxidase ii gene. | a phylogenetic analysis of 17 species belonging to the genus kluyveromyces and 12 reference and outgroup species was performed using mitochondrial cytochrome-c oxidase ii gene sequences. the genus kluyveromyces appears as a polyphyletic taxon formed by species included within the following four main groups. the kluyveromyces phaffii group encompasses the species kluyveromyces blattae, k. phaffii and kluyveromyces yarrowii. the kluyveromyces marxianus group is a monophyletic group consisting of t ... | 2000 | 10826829 |
| purification, characterisation and cdna sequencing of pyruvate decarboxylase from zygosaccharomyces bisporus. | cells of the wild-type yeast strain zygosaccharomyces bisporus cbs 702 form alpha-hydroxy ketones from aromatic amino acid precursors during fermentation. pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc, e.c. 4.1.1.1), the key enzyme of this biotransformation catalysing the non-oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate and other 2-oxo-acids, was purified and characterised. the active enzyme is homotetrameric (alpha4) with a molecular mass of about 244 kda. activation of pdc by its substrate pyruvate results in a sigmoi ... | 2000 | 10839465 |
| yeasts as a model for assessing the toxicity of the fungicides penconazol, cymoxanil and dichlofluanid. | in the present work the sensitivity of yeast strains of kluyveromyces marxianus, pichia anomala, candida utilis, schizosaccharomyces pombe and saccharomyces cerevisiae, to the fungicides cymoxanil, penconazol, and dichlofluanid, was evaluated. dichlofluanid induced the most negative effects, whereas penconazol in general was not very toxic. overall, our results show that the parameters ic50 for specific respiration rates of c. utilis and s. cerevisiae and c(d) for cell viability of s. cerevisiae ... | 2000 | 11057691 |
| a chromogenic medium for the detection of yeasts with beta-galactosidase and beta-glucosidase activities from intermediate moisture foods. | a selective and differential solid medium for the specific detection of some common yeasts frequently causing spoilage in intermediate moisture foods is described. the principle of the method is based on the detection of two enzymes, beta-glucosidase and beta-galactosidase, using the chromogenic substrates salmon-gluc and x-gal. over 140 yeasts and bacteria were tested, and debaryomyces hansenii and kluyveromyces marxianus strains produced salmon and dark blue colonies, respectively, thus permit ... | 2000 | 10826724 |
| heterologous expression of the kluyveromyces marxianus endopolygalacturonase gene (epg1) using versatile autonomously replicating vector for a wide range of host. | a versatile plasmid shuttle vector system pkdu7 was constructed, which is useful for the heterologous gene expression in a wide range of kluyveromyces and saccharomyces strains. this cloning vector was constructed using the 1.6-µm circular plasmid pkd1 of kluyveromyces drosophilarum, the ura3 gene of k. marxianus as well as the puc19 sequences. the stability of vector in transformants strongly depends on the integrity of the functionally important elements of pkd1. it was shown by comparison of ... | 2000 | 10862869 |
| genomic exploration of the hemiascomycetous yeasts: 12. kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus. | as part of the comparative genomics project 'genolevures', we studied the kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus strain cbs712 using a partial random sequencing strategy. with a 0.2 x genome equivalent coverage, we identified ca. 1300 novel genes encoding proteins, some containing spliceosomal introns with consensus splice sites identical to those of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 28 trna genes, the whole rdna repeat, and retrotransposons of the ty1/2 family of s. cerevisiae with diverged long termin ... | 2000 | 11152887 |
| air pressure effects on biomass yield of two different kluyveromyces strains. | the use of air pressure as a way of improving oxygen transfer in aerobic bioreactors was investigated. to compare the air pressure effects with traditional air bubbled cultures, experiments using a pressure reactor and a stirred flask, with the same oxygen transfer rate, were made. kluyveromyces marxianus is an important industrial yeast and some of it show a "kluyver effect" for lactose: even under oxygen limited growth conditions, certain disaccharides that support aerobic, respiratory growth, ... | 2000 | 10862882 |
| temperature optimization for reactor operation with chitin-immobilized lactase under modulated inactivation. | temperature effects on all kinetic and inactivation parameters have been determined for chitin immobilized lactase from kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus, and proper temperature functions have been validated. maximum reaction rate, michaelis constant referred to lactose, inhibition constant for galactose and inactivation rates increased with temperature. enzyme inactivation was adequately modelled by a two-stage series mechanism. the effect of galactose and lactose on enzyme inactivation wa ... | 2000 | 10899553 |
| phenotypic and genotypic diversity of yeasts isolated from water-buffalo mozzarella cheese. | water-buffalo mozzarella (wbm) cheese is one of the several 'pasta filata' or stretched curd cheeses that originated in southern italy, traditionally manufactured from raw milk employing natural whey starter cultures. lactose- and galactose-fermenting yeasts isolated from wbm were studied to evaluate their role in the ripening of this cheese. the kinetic parameters of the growth of the yeasts as well as their principal metabolic end-products showed a great variability depending on the species. m ... | 2000 | 10735250 |
| the effect of culture conditions on the morphology of the dimorphic yeast kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus nrrly2415: a study incorporating image analysis. | the effect of changing environmental conditions on the morphology of the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus nrrly2415 was investigated in batch and continuous culture, using a previously developed computer-aided image analysis protocol [o'shea and walsh (1996) biotechnol bioeng 51: 679 690]. the morphology of the organism is primarily controlled by the specific growth rate, mu. this finding was contrary to a previous investigation [walker and o'neill (1990) j chem tech biotechnol 49: 7 ... | 2000 | 10772472 |
| isolation of thermotolerant ethanologenic yeasts and use of selected strains in industrial scale fermentation in an egyptian distillery. | an enrichment and isolation program for new ethanol-producing thermotolerant yeasts as well as a screening program of some known thermotolerant strains resulted in the selection of several strains capable of growth at 40-43 degrees c. among these strains four grew and fermented sugar cane molasses at 43 degrees c under batch conditions with sugar-conversion efficiencies >94% and ethanol concentrations 6.8-8.0% (w/v). the two best-performing strains, a saccharomyces cerevisiae f111 and a kluyvero ... | 2000 | 10797239 |
| the utilization of 4-aminobutylphosphonate as sole nitrogen source by a strain of kluyveromyces fragilis. | a strain of the yeast kluyveromyces fragilis was screened for its ability to utilize a range of synthetic and natural organophosphonate compounds as the sole source of phosphorus, nitrogen or carbon. only 4-aminobutylphosphonate was utilized as sole nitrogen source with protein yields increasing proportionally with substrate concentrations up to 10 mm. no 4-aminobutylphosphonate metabolizing enzyme activity was detectable in cell-free extracts prepared from k. fragilis pregrown on 2.5 mm 4-amino ... | 2000 | 10713427 |
| optimization of the production of aroma compounds by kluyveromyces marxianus in solid-state fermentation using factorial design and response surface methodology. | studies were carried out for the production of aroma compounds in solid-state fermentation using factorial design and response surface methodology (rsm) experiments. five agro-industrial residues were evaluated as substrate for cultivating a strain of kluyveromyces marxianus. the results proved the feasibility of using cassava bagasse and giant palm bran (opuntia ficus indica) as substrates to produce fruity aroma compounds by the yeast culture. in order to test the influence of the process para ... | 2000 | 10908866 |
| randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) pcr for the identification of yeasts isolated from dairy products. | in the present work randomly amplified polymorphic dna-polymerase chain reaction (rapd-pcr) with primers m13 and rf2 was applied to the identification at species level of yeast strains isolated from cheeses. rapd-pcr analysis of the type strains of different yeast species gave distinctive band profiles that allowed a clear differentiation of all the considered species. forty-two of the 48 dairy associated yeasts were clearly assigned to the species saccharomyces cerevisiae, kluyveromyces marxian ... | 2000 | 10728551 |
| characterization of non-esterified galacturonic acid sequences in pectin with endopolygalacturonase. | a method was developed that enabled the study of non-esterified galacturonic acid sequences (so-called blocks) in pectin. endopolygalacturonase of kluyveromyces fragilis was used to extensively degrade pectin, and the composition of the galacturonic acid molecules produced was determined with high-performance anion-exchange chromatography at ph 5. with this technique, the amount of non-esterified mono-, di-, and trigalacturonic acid released was determined. in addition, the relative amounts of m ... | 2000 | 10877095 |
| effect of temperature and enzyme origin on the enzymatic synthesis of oligosaccharides. | the aim of this research is to quantify the effect of temperature and enzyme origin on the enzymatic synthesis of oligosaccharides. quantification of these effects is important because temperature and enzyme origin are important process parameters. a kinetic model was used to describe the concentrations in time. the kinetic parameters were determined by using data obtained in batch experiments at various temperatures (20, 30, 40, and 50 degrees c) and by using beta-galactosidases from bacillus c ... | 2000 | 10689088 |
| differentiation of candida strains by lectin-mediated agglutination kinetics. | the lectin-mediated agglutination kinetics of candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida glabrata, candida krusei, candida kefyr, and candida parapsilosis strains isolated from immunocompromised patients was investigated. the rate of the lectin-induced cell agglutination depends on the physiological state of the yeast cell population. therefore, the candida strains have to be cultivated and investigated under identical conditions. lentil lectin (prepared from lens culinaris), castor lectin, a ... | 2000 | 10907339 |
| antifungal activity of itraconazole compared with hydroxy-itraconazole in vitro. | microbroth dilution tests in vitro showed the same ic(50) values for itraconazole and hydroxy-itraconazole, within a mode +/- one dilution range of experimental error, for 90% of 1481 isolates of pathogenic fungi, representing 48 genera. some 10-15% of candida glabrata and trichophyton mentagrophytes isolates were more susceptible to itraconazole than hydroxy-itraconazole. replicate tests with bioassay marker strains of candida kefyr and candida albicans showed no susceptibility variations outsi ... | 2000 | 10702560 |
| molecular characterization of a novel yeast cell-wall acid phosphatase cloned from kluyveromyces marxianus. | a novel kluyveromyces marxianus gene that encodes an acid phosphatase, pho610, was cloned in saccharomyces cerevisiae. the deduced amino acid sequence was distinct from s. cerevisiae phosphatases but similar to some fungal enzymes. a peculiar feature of the sequence is that it has hydrophobic stretches both at the n- and c-termini, which is a characteristic of the precursors of glycosylphosphatidylinositol(gpi)-anchored proteins. when the gene was expressed in s. cerevisiae, the active enzyme wa ... | 2000 | 10705459 |
| simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of steam-pretreated spruce to ethanol. | ethanol production was studied in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) of steam-pretreated spruce at 42 degrees c, using a thermotolerant yeast. three yeast strains of kluyveromyces marxianus were compared in test fermentations. ssf experiments were performed with the best of these on 5% (w/w) of substrate, at a cellulase loading of 37 filter paper units/g of cellulose, and a beta-glucosidase loading of 38 iu/g of cellulose. the detoxification of the substrate and the lack of ph ... | 2000 | 10849780 |
| flocculation of saccharomyces cerevisiae is induced by transformation with the gap1 gene from kluyveromyces marxianus. | a non-flocculent strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae was transformed with the gap1 gene which encodes p37, a gapdh-like protein present in the cell wall of kluyveromyces marxianus flocculent cells. the transformed cells were characterized with respect to flocculation behaviour, morphology, growth, cell wall integrity and gapdh activity. a flocculent phenotype was acquired by the transformed cells, showing a behaviour in respect to flocculation/deflocculation very similar to that of k. marxianus. ... | 2000 | 10649452 |
| rapid detection of efflux pumps and their relation with drug resistance in yeast cells. | cell drug resistance can be due to the presence of active efflux pumps (aep). identification of yeast cells with a resistance phenotype is important either from a clinical, agricultural or biotechnological point of view. rapid and reliable methods to detect aep can be therefore very useful. | 2000 | 10655560 |
| the immobilization of microbial cells, subcellular organelles, and enzymes in calcium alginate gels. reprinted from biotechnology and bioengineering, vol. xix, no. 3, pages 387-397 (1977). | saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, kluyveromyces marxianus cells, inulase, glucose oxidase, chloroplasts, and mitochondria were immobilized in calcium alginate gels. ethanol production from glucose solutions by an immobilized preparation of s. cerevisiae was demonstrated over a total of twenty-three days, and the half-life of such a preparation was shown to be about ten days. immobilized k. marxianus, inulase, and glucose oxidase preparations were used to demonstrate the porosity and retraining pro ... | 2000 | 10699854 |
| simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of lignocellulosic wastes to ethanol using a thermotolerant yeast. | simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) studies were carried out to produce ethanol from lignocellulosic wastes (sugar cane leaves and antigonum leptopus leaves) using trichoderma reesei cellulase and yeast cells. the ability of a thermotolerant yeast, kluyveromyces fragilis ncim 3358, was compared with saccharomyces cerevisiae nrrl-y-132. k. fragilis was found to perform better in the ssf process and result in high yields of ethanol (2.5-3.5% w/v) compared to s. cerevisiae (2.0-2.5 ... | 2001 | 11272027 |
| antimicrobial properties and mode of action of the pyrrothine holomycin. | holomycin, a member of the pyrrothine class of antibiotics, displayed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, inhibiting a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, with the exception of enterobacter cloacae, morganella morganii, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. the antibiotic lacked activity against the eukaryotic microorganisms saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida kefyr. holomycin exhibited a bacteriostatic response against escherichia coli that was associated with rapid inhibition of rna ... | 2001 | 11158751 |
| lactobacillus coryniformis subsp. coryniformis strain si3 produces a broad-spectrum proteinaceous antifungal compound. | the antifungal activity spectrum of lactobacillus coryniformis subsp. coryniformis strain si3 was investigated. the strain had strong inhibitory activity in dual-culture agar plate assays against the molds aspergillus fumigatus, a. nidulans, penicillium roqueforti, mucor hiemalis, talaromyces flavus, fusarium poae, f. graminearum, f. culmorum, and f. sporotrichoides. a weaker activity was observed against the yeasts debaryomyces hansenii, kluyveromyces marxianus, and saccharomyces cerevisiae. th ... | 2001 | 11133421 |
| microbiology and physiology of cachaça (aguardente) fermentations. | cachaça (aguardente) is a rum-style spirit made from sugar cane juice by artisanal methods in brazil. a study was made of the production, biochemistry and microbiology of the process in fifteen distilleries in sul de minas. identification of 443 yeasts showed saccharomyces cerevisiae to be the predominant yeast but rhodotorula glutinis and candida maltosa were predominant in three cases. bacterial infection is a potential problem, particularly in older wooden vats, when the ratio of yeasts:bacte ... | 2001 | 11392489 |
| the growth and interaction of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria isolated from zimbabwean naturally fermented milk in uht milk. | nine yeast and four lactic acid bacterial strains, previously isolated from zimbabwean traditionally fermented milk, were inoculated into ultra-high temperature treated (uht) milk in both single and yeast-lactic acid bacteria co-culture. the lactic acid bacteria (lab) strains consisted of lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis c1, l. lactis subsp. lactis lc39, l. lactis subsp. lactis lc261 and lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei lb11. the yeast strains used were candida kefy ... | 2001 | 11545217 |
| [verrucarin a from conidia of dendrodochium toxicum pidopl. et bilai]. | a substance which was dyed blue by 4p-(nitrobenzyl)pyridine, that evidenced for its trichotecene nature, has been isolated in the crystalline form from conidia dendrodochium toxicum pidopl. et bilai--roridine h producer. thin-layer chromatography of the substance in three different systems, the well-known macrocyclic trichotecenes being used as standards, permitted it to be identified with verrucarine a. the substances possessed high biological activity with respect to the indicator test-culture ... | 2001 | 11558240 |
| yeasts from water buffalo mozzarella, a traditional cheese of the mediterranean area. | countries of the mediterranean area are characterized by production of artisanal cheeses, obtained from goat, sheep, cow and buffalo raw milk. the numbers and species of yeasts in the different cheeses are variable, but some species are more frequently detected than others. kluyveromyces marxianus, k. lactis with their anamorph, candida kefir, debaryomyces hansenii and c. famata, c. colliculosa and c. catenulata are dominant species in several cheeses. however, saccharomyces cerevisiae is often ... | 2001 | 11589559 |
| characterization of major protein phosphatases from selected species of kluyveromyces. comparison with protein phosphatases from yarrowia lipolytica. | casein phosphatase activities have been identified in five yeast strains grown on pi-deficient medium. maximal endocellular activities appeared in the exponential phase. exocellular phosphatases were significantly produced from yarrowia lipolytica w-29 and kluyveromyces marxianus, in the early stationary phase. major phosphatases from k. marxianus were one heavy acid phosphatase composed of 64-67 kda subunits, which could be secreted in the medium, and one type 2a protein phosphatase with an app ... | 2001 | 11683468 |
| sensitive bioassay for determination of fluconazole concentrations in plasma using a candida albicans mutant hypersusceptible to azoles. | the antifungal agent fluconazole (flc) is widely used in clinical practice. monitoring flc levels is useful in complicated clinical settings and in experimental infection models. a bioassay using candida pseudotropicalis, a simple and cost-effective method, is validated only for flc levels ranging from 5 to 40 mg/liter. an extension of the analytical range is needed to cover most yeast mics. a new bioassay in rpmi agar containing methylene blue was developed using c. albicans dsy1024, a mutant r ... | 2001 | 11181345 |
| nisin production from lactococcus lactis a.t.c.c. 7962 using supplemented whey permeate. | the influence of ph control and aeration (20% dissolved oxygen) on nisin production in a supplemented cheese whey permeate was examined during batch fermentation with lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis a.t.c.c. 7962. a maximum nisin activity of 5280 i.u./ml of medium was observed in the raw extract of nisin after 9 h of fermentation with a constant ph at 4.9. however, the fermentation was continued until 24 h, when a decrease in the nisin activity was observed. the ph control did not influence the ... | 2001 | 11592916 |
| nonesterified galacturonic acid sequence homology of pectins. | the methyl ester distribution of pectins was studied with a recently developed enzymatic method. endopolygalacturonase of kluyveromyces fragilis was used to degrade pectin and the composition of the degradation products was determined with high-performance anion-exchange chromatography at ph 5. three characteristics indicative for the distribution of nonesterified galacturonic acid residues were obtained: the percentage of nonesterified galacturonic acid residues liberated of the total number of ... | 2001 | 11072224 |
| cold-adapted beta-galactosidase from the antarctic psychrophile pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis. | the beta-galactosidase from the antarctic gram-negative bacterium pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis tae 79 was purified to homogeneity. the nucleotide sequence and the nh(2)-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified enzyme indicate that the beta-galactosidase subunit is composed of 1,038 amino acids with a calculated m(r) of 118,068. this beta-galactosidase shares structural properties with escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (comparable subunit mass, 51% amino sequence identity, conservation of ... | 2001 | 11282601 |
| microbial hydroxylation and reduction of the diterpene psiadin. | microbial bioconversion studies conducted on the diterpene psiadin have revealed that it was metabolized by aspergillus niger (nrrl 2295) to give 2alpha-hydroxydeoxopsiadin, cunninghamella blakesleeana (atcc 8688a) to give 11beta-hydroxypsiadin, and cylindrocephalum aureum (atcc 12720), gongronella butleri (atcc 22822), kloeckera africana (atcc 20111), and kluyveromyces marxianus var. lactis (atcc 2628) to yield 7alpha-hydroxypsiadin. their structures have been established on the basis of spectr ... | 2001 | 11371011 |
| alcohol production from cheese whey permeate using genetically modified flocculent yeast cells. | alcoholic fermentation of cheese whey permeate was investigated using a recombinant flocculating saccharomyces cerevisiae, expressing the lac4 (coding for beta-galactosidase) and lac12 (coding for lactose permease) genes of kluyveromyces marxianus enabling for lactose metabolization. data on yeast fermentation and growth on cheese whey permeate from a portuguese dairy industry is presented. for cheese whey permeate having a lactose concentration of 50 gl(-1), total lactose consumption was observ ... | 2001 | 11460240 |
| growth characteristics of candida kefyr and two strains of lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis isolated from zimbabwean naturally fermented milk. | lactic acid bacteria (lab) and yeasts constitute part of the microflora in zimbabwean traditional fermented cows' milk, amasi. the present study was carried out to investigate the growth characteristics of candida kefyr 23, lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis c1 and l. lactis subsp. lactis lc261, previously isolated from amasi, in ultrahigh temperature (uht)-treated cows' milk. the strains were inoculated into the uht milk as both single and yeast | 2001 | 11759748 |
| killer behaviour in wild wine yeasts associated with merlot and malbec type musts spontaneously fermented from northwestern patagonia (argentina). | the occurrence of killer wine yeasts in comahue region (patagonia, argentina) was studied. wild wine yeasts were isolated from spontaneously fermenting merlot and malbec type musts. out of 135 isolates analyzed 37% were sensitive to some well characterized killer toxins as k1-k10 and did not show killer activity (sensitive phenotype, s), 21% showed neutral phenotype (n) and 42% demonstrated killer activity (killer phenotype, k). all but two killer strains, identified as candida pulcherrima and k ... | 2001 | 11441458 |
| optimization of inulinase production by kluyveromyces marxianus using factorial design. | factorial design and response surface techniques were used to optimize the culture medium for the production of inulinase by kluyveromyces marxianus. sucrose was used as the carbon source instead of inulin. initially, a fractional factorial design (2(5-1)) was used in order to determine the most relevant variables for enzyme production. five parameters were studied (sucrose, peptone, yeast extract, ph, and k2hpo4), and all were shown to be significant. sucrose concentration and ph had negative e ... | 2001 | 11563827 |
| [search for lectin producers among some yeast species]. | hemagglutinating properties of culture liquid and cells of 142 yeast strains of species saccharomyces cerevisiae, kluyveromyces marxianus, k. dobzhanskii, k. lactis var. lactis and k. lactis var. drosophilarum, isolated from various sources have been studied. a capacity of yeast (44% of the studied strains) to synthesize both lectins bound to a cell and extracellular lectins has been established; the latter have been found in yeast for the first time. | 2001 | 11785420 |
| chemical and microbiological characterisation of kefir grains. | chemical and microbiological composition of four argentinean kefir grains from different sources as well as characteristics of the corresponding fermented milk were studied. kefir grains cidca agk1, agk2 and agk4 did not show significant differences in their chemical and microbiological composition. in contrast, protein and yeast content of agk3 was higher than in the other grains. although grain microflora comprised lactobacilli, lactococcus, acetic acid bacteria and yeast, we found an importan ... | 2001 | 11928960 |
| [evaluation of a new chromogenic medium (candida id) for the isolation and presumptive identification of candida albicans and other medically important yeasts]. | candidiasis is a frequent human infection caused mainly by candida albicans. however, other species are emerging as important pathogens, as candida glabrata, candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis, candida krusei or candida guilliermondii. rapid identification of clinical isolates could facilitate diagnosis and treatment. candida id (biomerieux, spain) is a new medium for the isolation and presumptive identification of yeasts: c. albicans grows as blue colonies, and c. tropicalis, c. guillierm ... | 2001 | 15482010 |
| effect of contraceptives on the prevalence of vaginal colonization with candida species in edo state, nigeria. | high vaginal swabs (hvs) obtained from 500 volunteers in edo state, nigeria which comprised 394 contraceptive users and 106 non-contraceptive users were screened for the prevalence of candida species using standard procedures. results revealed the isolation of candida species in 246 of volunteers. these included candida albicans 174 (38.4%), candida pseudotropicalis 20 (4%), candida stellatoidea 15 (3%), candida krusei nine (1.8%), candida guilliermondii 12 (2.4%), candida tropicalis 11 (2.2%) a ... | 2001 | 15496123 |
| iminodiacetate and nitrilotriacetate degradation by kluyveromyces marxianus imb3. | the thermotolerant yeast kluyveromyces marxianus imb3 was capable of utilising either iminodiacetate or nitrilotriacetate as a sole source of nitrogen for growth. cell extracts contained iminodiacetate dehydrogenase and nitrilotriacetate monooxygenase activities, suggesting the presence in the yeast of orthologues of these bacterial enzymes. the activities were not detectable in complete medium-growth cells, nor in nitrogen-starved cells, suggesting an inducible biodedgradation pathway for biode ... | 2002 | 11785972 |
| use of waste chinese cabbage as a substrate for yeast biomass production. | the possibility of using waste chinese cabbage (brassica campestris) as a substrate for microbial biomass production was investigated. the juice from waste chinese cabbage contains relatively high amounts of reducing sugars suitable for yeast culture. the cell mass and protein content of four species of yeast, candida utilis, pichia stipitis, kluyveromyces marxianus, and saccharomyces cerevisiae, were determined when cultured in juice extracted from cabbage waste. compared to ym broth containing ... | 2002 | 12094802 |
| dietary influence of kefir on microbial activities in the mouse bowel. | in this work the microflora present in kefir, a fermented milk product, was studied together with the effect of kefir administration on different groups of indigenous bacteria of mouse bowel. | 2002 | 12100589 |