Publications

the nutritive value of fish meal, meat-and-bone meal and field bean meal as measured by digestibility experiments on the adult colostomised fowl.		1969	5813575
fractionation of phytohemagglutinin. i. purification of the rna and dna synthesis-stimulating substances and evidence that they are not proteins.	we have separated the rna synthesis-stimulating activity and the dna synthesis-stimulating activity of extracts of phaseolus vulgaris (phytohemagglutinin) from the erythroagglutinins, leukoagglutinins, and cytotoxic factors. we have shown that the substances stimulating the synthesis of nucleic acids are probably not proteins, since they are not significantly affected by rigorous deproteinization or treatment by trypsin and pronase. likewise, they do not appear to be nucleic acids, since they ar ...	1969	5263012
comparative studies of effect of auxin and ethylene on permeability and synthesis of rna and protein.	the effects of ethylene on permeability and rna and protein synthesis were assayed over a 6 to 26 hr period in tissue sections from avocado (persea gratissima gaertn. f., var. fuerte), both pulp and peel of banana (musa sapientum l., var. gros michel), bean endocarp (phaseolus vulgaris l., var. kentucky wonder pole beans) and leaves of rhoeo discolor. ethylene had no effect on permeability in 4 of the 5 tissues, but sometimes enhanced solute uptake in banana peel; it had either no effect or an i ...	1969	16657212
abscission: role of abscisic acid.	the effect of abscisic acid on cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. acala 4-42) and bean (phaseolus vulgaris l. cv. red kidney) explants was 2-fold. it increased ethylene production from the explants, which was found to account for some of its ability to accelerate abscission. absci is acid also increased the activity of cellulase. increased synthesis of cellulase was not du to an increase in aging of the explants but rather was an effect of abscisic acid on the processes that lead to cellulase syn ...	1969	16657181
abscission: role of cellulase.	cellulase (beta-1,4-glucan-glucanohydrolase ec 3.2.1.4) activity increased during abscission and was localized in the cell separation layer of phaseolus vulgaris l. cv. red kidney (bean), gossypium hirsutum l. cv. acala 4-42 (cotton) and coleus blumei benth. princeton strain (coleus) abscission zone explants. cellulase activity was optimum at ph 7, was reduced by one-half after heating to 55 degrees for 10 min, and was associated with the soluble components of the cell. explants treated with agi ...	1969	16657082
strontium mobility in germinating seeds and plants.	the uptake of strontium in the bean plant (phaseolus vulgaris) was linear for the first 34 hr during continuous exposure to radiostrontium. after 35 hr there was a sharp increase in the rate of uptake to 48 hr. radioactivity could be detected in the plant as early as 1 hr after addition of radiostrontium to the growth medium.seventy-five percent of the radiostrontium was located in the seed coat immediately after soaking bean seed in an (89)sr solution. this radioactivity in the seed coat decrea ...	1969	5775205
an investigation of bidirectional translocation in the phloem.	patterns of (14) co(2) , assimilate movement in vicia jaba plants having 7 nodes were studied. bidirectional translocation occurred throughout most of the stem length when tracer was applied to leaves of various ages. to determine whether this bidirectional translocation occurs within single sieve tubes, a o.1 % solution of the fluorescent dye k-fluorescein was applied to a lightly scraped area on the stem in the middle of a young internode. after one hour the dye was present short distances abo ...	1969	20925674
[effect of phlorhizin on the infection of phaseolus vulgaris by uromyces phaseoli].		1969	5375114
stomatal diffusion resistance of snap beans. i. influence of leaf-water potential.	concurrent measurements of abaxial and adaxial stomatal resistance and leaf-water potentials of snap beans (phaseolus vulgaris l.) in the field and growth chamber show that the stomata on the 2 surfaces of the leaflet react differently to water deficit. the stomata on the abaxial surface, which are about 7 times more numerous than on the adaxial surface, are not significantly affected at leaf-water potentials greater than -11 bars, but with further decrease in leaf-water potential, the resistanc ...	1969	16657239
stomatal diffusion resistance of snap beans. ii. effect of light.	the effect of light on the stomatal resistance of abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces of snap beans (phaseolus vulgaris l.) was studied in the growth chamber and in the field. the adaxial stomata required more light to open than the abaxial stomata; the abaxial stomatal apertures were still about 50% open at 1% full sunlight and light-induced closure was never observed under daytime field conditions. a given value of abaxial stomatal resistance was obtained at a given illumination of the abaxial g ...	1969	16657238
acid-soluble nucleotides of pinto bean leaves at different stages of development.	acid-soluble nucleotides of unifoliate leaves of pinto bean plants (phaseolus vulgaris l.) were determined at young, mature, and senescent stages of development. at least 25 components could be distinguished on the basis of inorganic phosphorus determinations and 37 or more fractions on the basis of (32)p labeling, with adenosine di- and triphosphates accounting for 60% of the total moles of nucleotide. the total nucleotide p and inorganic p, on a fresh weight basis, decreased about 44% between ...	1969	16657232
translocation and distribution of picloram in bean plants associated with nastic movements.	nastic responses in bean plants (phaseolus vulgaris l. var. black valentine) occur rapidly when very low concentrations of picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) are applied to the root systems. the distribution of picloram associated with nastic responses was quantitatively determined in root-treated plants.sixty-seven micrograms of (14)c-labeled picloram and 72 mug of unlabeled picloram in 300 ml of nutrient solution were applied to roots of 9-day old bean plants growing in an enviro ...	1969	16657215
leaf water potential of differentially salinized plants.	water and osmotic potential energies were measured with thermocouple psychrometers, at intervals during a 4-week period, in growing leaves of bean (phaseolus vulgaris, var. blue lake) and barley (hordeum vulgare, var. liberty) plants having roots equally split between 2 differentially salinized nutrient solutions. the osmotic potentials of plants with half their roots in saline solutions were about halfway between the osmotic potentials of plants grown in nonsaline solutions and those grown in s ...	1969	16657213
oxygen requirement for ethane production in vitro by phaseolus vulgaris.		1969	16657211
photosynthetic-carbon-cycle enzyme activities in the leaves of a chlorophyll-less phaseolus vulgaris plant.		1969	5810042
computer analysis of the leaf movements of pinto beans.	computer analysis was used for the detection of rhythmic components and the estimation of period length in leaf movement records. the results of this study indicated that spectral analysis can be profitably used to determine rhythmic components in leaf movements.in pinto bean plants (phaseolus vulgaris l.) grown for 28 days under continuous light of 750 ft-c and at a constant temperature of 28 degrees , there was only 1 highly significant rhythmic component in the leaf movements. the period of t ...	1969	16657155
mevalonate kinase from etiolated cotyledons of french beans.		1969	5807202
sphingolipids in bean leaves (phaseolus vulgaris).	phytoglycolipid has been isolated for the first time from plant leaves (phaseolus vulgaris). the purified product (almost identical with the phytoglycolipid isolated from flax seed) was a ceramide attached through phosphate diester linkage to an oligosaccharide, which consisted of the usual trisaccharide unit (inositol, hexuronic acid, hexosamine) to which were attached mannose, galactose, and arabinose. the major fatty acids were the saturated 2-hydroxy c(22), c(24), and c(26) acids; the major ...	1969	5797522
the occurrence of a soluble glucose 6-phosphatase in cotyledon tissue of phaseolus vulgaris during germination.		1969	4307632
reversible inhibition of embryonic mitosis by phytohemagglutinin from phaseolus vulgaris.		1969	5816454
gibberellins and early growth in seedlings of phaseolus vulgaris.	1. amounts of gibberellin extractable from young bean seedlings using phosphate buffer, and following acid hydrolysis, or protease treatment, have been examined and compared with those obtained using methanol extraction. 2. considerable differences in the amounts of gibberellins extractable are found for different batches of material. the level of extracted gibberellin is less for dry seeds and for 1-day old seedlings than for seedlings 4 days old. before germination, the amounts of free, buffer ...	1969	24504387
persistent photoreversibility of leaf development.	far red light reversal of red light induced leaf expansion and enzyme changes were investigated in seedlings of phaseolus vulgaris var. black valentine. in etiolated plants growth, anthocyanin accumulation and increases in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glycolic acid oxidase activities induced by a 10 min red irradiation were stopped by a 7 min far red irradiation given 17, 24, or 48 hr after activation. etiolated seedlings illuminated for 24 hr with white light and seedlings grown ...	1969	5799051
purification of mitogenic proteins derived from phaseolus vulgaris: isolation of potent and weak phytohemagglutinins possessing mitogenic activity.	commercially obtained phytohemagglutinin (phap) derived from phaseolus vulgaris contains 17 different protein bands when analyzed by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. when it is subjected to cm-sephadex chromatography followed by molecular sieving on sephadex g150, several species of potent mitogenic proteins, which differ greatly in their hemagglutinating capacity, are obtained. a low hemagglutinating mitogen (l-phap), homogeneous by several different criteria, is the most potent mitogen isolated ...	1969	5257125
changes in succinyl coa synthetase activity in etiolated bean leaves caused by illumination.	the illumination of etiolated bean leaves (phaseolus vulgaris) causes an increase in the activity of succinyl coenzyme a synthetase. continuous white light or short periods of red or blue light followed by darkness will induce an increase with the highest activity at about 6 hr after the onset of illumination. thereafter the activity decreases so that at 12 hr it is the same as the initial dark activity. treatment with cycloheximide before illumination prevents the increase in activity. a number ...	1969	16657131
a short-lived intermediate form in the in vivo conversion of protochlorophyllide 650 to chlorophyllide 684.	when dark-grown leaves of phaseolus vulgaris, hordeum vulgare, zea mays and pisum sativum were irradiated for 3 sec at 2 degrees the first product of protochlorophyllide 650 conversion had an absorption maximum at 678 nm. this form was then converted in a dark reaction to chlorophyllide 684, the form generally observed and regarded as the in vivo product of the photoreaction. the dark conversion at 2 degrees was complete in 6 to 10 min in the various plants. the time course of the dark reaction ...	1969	16657126
distribution of calcium absorbed by all or part of the root system of beans.	when either the whole root system or a single root of the bean plant (phaseolus vulgaris l.), at different stages of maturity, was fed (45)ca for a period of 6 hr, the leaves exhibited a definite pattern of (45)ca acquisition with maximum acquisition for the primary, first, second, and third trifoliolate leaves at 12, 16, 18, and 22 days of growth, respectively. this maximum acquisition occurred when a leaf approached full expansion. a liquid scintillation spectrometer was employed for (45)ca an ...	1969	16657123
susceptibility to enzymatic degradation of cell walls from bean plants resistant and susceptible to rhizoctonia solani kuhn.	enzymes in culture filtrates of rhizoctonia solani kuhn grown using 4-day old or 20-day old bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) hypocotyl cell walls as a carbon source degraded xylan, galactan, galactomannan, araban, polygalacturonic acid, and carboxymethylcellulose. extracts of lesions from r. solani infected plants, but not healthy plants, contained similar enzymatic activities. these enzyme sources readily solubilized cell wall constituents containing arabinose, galactose, and glucose from 4-day old ...	1969	16657115
base composition of dna from chloroplasts and nuclei of phaseolus vulgaris.		1969	5778394
bio-assay and dose-response of the mitogenic activity of the phytohemagglutinin of phaseolus vulgaris.		1969	5799236
puffing of polytene chromosomes in a plant (phaseolus vulgaris).		1969	4902528
d-fructose-1,6-diphosphatase of navy bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) leaves.		1969	4305601
the dissociation of phytohemagglutinin of phaseolus vulgaris by 8.0 m urea and the separation of the mitogenic from the erythroagglutinating activity.		1969	5777780
sterol biosynthesis in sub-cellular particles of higher plants.	mevalonic acid-2-(14)c was administered to cut stems of bean seedlings (phaseolus vulgaris l.) for time intervals varying from 20 min to 24 hr. the plants were homogenized in a ph 7.8 tris-sucrose buffer and the homogenates separated into chloroplast, mitochondrial, microsomal, and supernatant fractions by means of differential centrifugation. the distribution of radioactivity into non-saponifiable material in each of the fractions was then determined. after short incubation periods labeled squa ...	1969	16657081
banded polytene chromosomes in the legume phaseolus vulgaris.		1969	4882050
selective inhibition by actinomycin d of the synthesis in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic enzymes during the greening of etiolated bean leaves.	the effect of actinomycin d on the synthesis of the photosynthetic apparatus during illumination of etiolated leaves of phaseolus vulgaris was studied. the increase of chlorophyll content and of the activities of some photosynthetic enzymes (nadph diaphorase, ferredoxin, nadp(+) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) was compared with simultaneous measurements of the level of other enzymes not considered associated with photosynthesis (ornithine transcarbamylase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydroge ...	1969	16657039
a study of the aminoacyl-srna synthetases of phaseolus vulgaris in relation to germination.	optimum conditions for the extraction and assay by atp-pyrophosphate exchange of the aminoacyl-srna synthetases of the various tissues of french bean (phaseolus vulgaris) seeds and seedlings are described. extracts of plumules, after passage through sephadex g-25, were assayed for synthetase activity using an amino acid mixture as substrate, when a 30 to 100-fold stimulation of exchange above the endogenous level was obtained. this marked enhancement of exchange by added amino acids is largely a ...	1969	16657033
pectin esterase in relation to leaf abscission in coleus and phaseolus.	pectin esterase (pe) activities in abscission zones, other portions of leaves, and adjacent stem tissues were compared in attached leaves and abscissing petioles (previously debladed) of coleus blumei benth. and phaseolus vulgaris l., cv. canadian wonder. earlier findings of osborne in bean were confirmed and changes in pe activity in coleus were shown to resemble those in bean in some respects. in both plants pe was lower in the distal portion of abscission zones of abscissing petioles than in ...	1969	16657029
trypsin inhibitor from field beans (dolichos lablab). isolation, purification and properties of a trypsin inhibitor from field beans.		1969	5777425
isolation and characterization of a lymphocyte-stimulating leucoagglutinin from red kidney beans. (phaseolus vulgaris).		1969	5383318
studies on the metabolism of virus-infected plants. vi. ash content of virus-infected and healthy primary leaves of phaseolus vulgaris.		1969	5378891
[hemagglutination and transformation of lymphocytes in culture: comparative study of pisum sativum l. and phaseolus vulgaris l].		1969	4241399
further similarities between chloroplast and bacterial ribosomes.	protein synthesis by chloroplasts isolated under aseptic conditions from phaseolus vulgaris leaves is inhibited by the bacterial antibiotics spectinomycin, lincomycin, and erythromycin; that by chloroplasts from nicotiana tabacum leaves is inhibited by spectinomycin and lincomycin but not by erythromycin. protein synthesis by cytoplasmic ribosomes from plants and animals is not inhibited by these compounds, nor is amino acid activation by the soluble fraction from bean chloroplasts. these result ...	1970	24500097
the localization of 2,4-d in leaf tissue.	disruption of chloroplast structure is known to occur following applications of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) to the leaves of phaseolus vulgaris. although chloroplasts which had been extracted from treated tissue in an aqueous medium were free from 2,4-d and its metabolites, those extracted from freeze-dried tissue in organic solvents are the principal cell components to contain the herbicide.	1970	24496973
abscission: movement and conjugation of auxin.	a 1-hour application of indole-3-acetic acid to bean (phaseolus vulgaris l. cv. red kidney) explants inhibited abscission for an 8-hour aging period. use of indole-3-acetic acid-(14)c showed that the applied indole-3-acetic acid was conjugated within explant tissue and that this conjugation mechanism accounts for loss of effectiveness of indole-3-acetic acid in inhibiting abscission after 8 hours. reapplication of indole-3-acetic acid to an explant at a later time, before the induced aging requi ...	1970	16657548
comparative studies of the trna's and the aminoacyl-trna synthetases from the cytoplasm and the chloroplasts of phaseolus vulgaris.		1970	4321417
on the morphology of phytohemagglutinin from phaseolus vulgaris seeds.		1970	5486581
effects of gibberellin and cytokinins on the activity of photosynthetic enzymes and plastid ribosomal rna synthesis in phaseolus vulgaris l.		1970	4318967
the hormonal regulation of bud outgrowth in phaseolus vulgaris l.	aqueous solutions of indole acetic acid, kinetin, gibberellic acid and abscisic acid were applied singly and in combination to the decapitated stem stump of phaseolus seedlings. application of indole acetic acid will not completely replace the intact stem apex with regard to the inhibition of lateral bud extension. the greatest inhibition of bud growth is obtained when indole acetic acid is applied in combination with both kinetin and abscisic acid. treatment with gibberellic acid causes massive ...	1970	24499834
relation of glycosidases to bean hypocotyl growth.	the enzymes beta-glucosidase, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, alpha-galactosidase, and beta-xylosidase were detected in phaseolus vulgaris l. var. red kidney bean hypocotyl tissue throughout the first 13 days of development with p-nitrophenyl glycosides as substrates. activities of all enzymes except beta-glucosidase declined as a function of increasing tissue age. in contrast, beta-glucosidase activity increased rapidly 3 days after imbibition to a maximal activity at 5 days and then sub ...	1970	16657486
photoperiod and flower bud development in phaseolus vulgaris.		1970	16058071
photoinduced changes in the chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b ratio in young bean plants.	an alternating light-dark system is described under which etiolated bean (phaseolus vulgaris) leaves form selectively chlorophyll a.this system consists of cycles of 2 minutes of white light alternating with 98-minute dark periods.etiolated tissue exposed to a series of such light-dark cycles accumulates chlorophyll a predominantly, with no lag phase in its biosynthesis. a very high ratio of chlorophyll a:chlorophyll b is thus established. the ratio increases with the number of light exposures u ...	1970	16657444
synthesis of cellulase during abscission of phaseolus vulgaris leaf explants.	when abscission in leaf explants from phaseolus vulgaris, cultivar red kidney, was allowed to proceed while the explants were in (2)h(2)o, a 1.25% increase in the buoyant density of cellulase in a cesium chloride gradient was observed. these data indicate that the increase in cellulase activity during abscission is a result of the synthesis of new protein. two differentially soluble forms of cellulase are present in the abscission zone. the form which is soluble only in a high salt buffer seems ...	1970	16657433
l-ascorbic acid biosynthesis in higher plants from l-gulono-1, 4-lactone and l-galactono-1, 4-lactone.	detached bean (phaseolus vulgaris) and strawberry (fragaria) fruits fed l-gulono-1,4-lactone or l-galactono-1,4-lactone convert this compound, in part, to l-ascorbic acid. when l-galactono-1,4-lactone is given as a 0.25% solution to detached bean shoots, the ascorbic acid content is tripled in less than 10 hours. l-gulono-1,4-lactone is only 5 to 10% as effective as its epimer. experiments with specifically labeled l-gulono-1,4-lactone and l-galactono-1,4-lactone prove that conversion is direct. ...	1970	5481396
influence of calcium on sodium and potassium absorption by fresh and aged bean stem slices.	the influence of ca on the aging processes of bean stem (phaseolus vulgaris) slices and on the absorption of k and na by fresh and aged slices was investigated. in the presence of ca, fresh tissue showed a preferential na uptake. the preference for na over k resulted from a differential depressive effect of ca on absorption of these two ions. in aged tissue na uptake was also depressed, but k absorption was accelerated, with a net result of a much greater absorption of k than na.the presence of ...	1970	16657428
phloem mobility of magnesium.	magnesium-28 was applied to specific leaves of bean (phaseolus vulgaris) and barley (hordeum vulgare) plants. after 24 hours, as much as 7% of the absorbed mg was exported from the treated bean leaves and 11% was transported basipetally from the treated zone of the barley leaves. transport of mg did not occur past a heat-killed section of the treated leaf, thereby indicating that translocation took place via the phloem. mg movement in the phloem was also evident in autoradiograms of bean stem se ...	1970	16657420
changes in the respiratory, enzymatic, and swelling and contraction properties of mitochondria from colytedons of phaseolus vulgaris l. during germination.	mitochondria isolated from cotyledons of germinating wax beans (phaseolus vulgaris l.) showed fairly good respiratory control on days 1 and 2 after planting. the respiratory control was completely lost from days 3 to 5. during this period mitochondria were shown to be very leaky, losing about 88% of their total nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide to the suspending medium in a short time. the respiratory control was partially recovered by day 7, after which it completely disappeared again. by the u ...	1970	16657419
in vitro protein synthesis by plastids of phaseolus vulgaris: v. incorporation of c-leucine into a protein fraction containing ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase.	a crude chloroplast preparation of primary leaves of phaseolus vulgaris was allowed to incorporate (14)c-leucine into protein. a chloroplast extract was prepared and purified for ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase by ammonium sulfate precipitation, chromatography on sephadex g-200, and chromatography on sepharose 4b. the distribution of radioactive protein and enzyme in fractions eluted from sepharose 4b was nearly the same. the radioactivity in the product was in peptide linkage, since it was ...	1970	16657405
the photosynthetic action spectrum of the bean plant.	the photosynthetic action spectrum of the bean plant leaf, phaseolus vulgaris l. (variety red kidney), has been determined with a diffraction grating illuminated by a 6500-watt xenon arc. an infrared co(2) analyzer was used to determine the gross photosynthetic rate of the terminal leaflet of the first trifoliate leaf. the rate was measured as a function of the light intensity at steps of 12.5 nanometers which approximates the length of the leaflet used. twenty-five curves between 400 and 700 na ...	1970	16657397
course of cation accumulation by leaf tissue in phaseolus vulgaris l.		1970	5444853
the development of field beans as a crop in britain.		1970	5536324
a study of sieve element starch using sequential enzymatic digestion and electron microscopy.	the fine structure of plastids and their starch deposits in differentiating sieve elements was studied in bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.). ultrastructural cytochemistry employing two carbohydrases specific for different linkages was then used to compare the chemical nature of "sieve tube starch" (the starch deposited in sieve elements) with that of the ordinary starch of other cell types. hypocotyl tissue from seedlings was fixed in glutaraldehyde, postfixed in osmium tetroxide, and embedded in epo ...	1970	5513608
on the purification of phytohemagglutinins from phaseolus vulgaris seeds.		1970	5439299
on the relationship between ribulose diphosphate carboxylase and protochlorophyllide holochrome of phaseolus vulgaris leaves.	the relationship between ribulose diphosphate carboxylase (3-phospho-d-glycerate carboxy-lyase [dimerizing], ec 4.1.1.39, formerly known as carboxydismutase) and protochlorophyllide holochrome of etiolated phaseolus vulgaris leaves has been studied.a procedure for partially selective extraction of the two proteins was devised using tris-hcl buffer first without and then with triton x-100. ribulose diphosphate carboxylase was readily extracted from etiolated bean leaves without triton x-100, and ...	1970	5427114
in vitro protein synthesis by plastids of phaseolus vulgaris. iv. amino acid incorporation by etioplasts and effect of illumination of leaves on incorporation by plastids.	protein synthesis in vitro by etioplasts and chloroplasts from phaseolus vulgaris was examined to study the factors regulating the development of etioplasts into chloroplasts. the properties of incorporation of (14)c-leucine into protein by etioplasts from plants grown 6.5 days in darkness are similar to those of chloroplasts from plants of the same age that were illuminated for 12 hours. however, the rate of incorporation per plastid by chloroplasts is 4 times higher than the rate of amino acid ...	1970	5427113
temporal and hormonal control of beta-1,3-glucanase in phaseolus vulgaris l.	the endo-beta-1, 3-glucanase (beta-1, 3-glucan 3-glucanhydrolase, ec 3.2.1.6) extracted from phaseolus vulgaris l. cv. red kidney had a ph optimum of 5 and a temperature optimum of 50 c. excision of plant tissue resulted in an increase in beta-1, 3-glucanase activity after a 6-hour lag period. the increase could be prevented by indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acid, and cytokinins. ethylene (half-maximal concentration = 0.1 microliter/liter) promoted the synthesis of beta-1, 3-glucanase, and 10 ...	1970	5427109
structure-activity correlations with compounds related to abscisic acid.	inhibition of cell expansion of excised embryonic axes of phaseolus vulgaris was used to evaluate the growth-inhibiting activity of abscisic acid and related compounds. none of the 13 compounds tested was as active as abscisic acid. 4-hydroxyisophorone, a substance representative of the abscisic acid ring system was essentially inactive; cis, trans-3-methylsorbic acid, a compound resembling the side chain of abscisic acid, had low activity; and cis, trans-beta-ionylideneacetic acid was one-sixth ...	1970	5423465
the incorporation of d-glucosamine-14c into root tissues of higher plants.	d-glucosamine-1-(14)c was rapidly taken up from aqueous solution by both excised bean (phaseolus vulgaris) and corn (zea mays) root tips. the labeled glucosamine did not accumulate in the tissues, however, but was metabolized to n-acetyl-d-glucosamine, n-acetyl-d-glucosamine phosphates, and uridine diphosphate n-acetyl-d-glucosamine. little or no label was detected in respiratory co(2), glycolytic intermediates, or d-glucosamine 6-phosphate. between 5 and 10% of the (14)c was recovered in high m ...	1970	4246459
factors involved in the opening of the hypocotyl hook of cotton and beans.	conditions influencing the opening of the bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) hypocotyl hook were defined. such hooks were shown to undergo geotropic curvature; orientation of the hook with respect to gravity greatly affected the observed opening. cotton and bean hooks behaved exactly opposite in regard to the presence of the cotyledons and apical bud. the cotton hook required the cotyledons for opening, but the corresponding tissue slowed or inhibited opening of the ...	1970	16657340
swelling of phaseolus mitochondria in relation to free fatty acid levels.	freshly isolated phaseolus vulgaris mitochondria contain, 1.8 micromoles of long chain, primarily unsaturated, free fatty acids per milligram of nitrogen. although there is no measurable increase in free fatty acid content as a result of spontaneous swelling in buffered kcl, bovine serum albumin strongly inhibits the degree of swelling. the mitochondria only swell slowly in sucrose, but rapid swelling can be induced by the addition of oleic acid in a process inhibited by bovine serum albumin. th ...	1970	5423469
swelling of phaseolus mitochondria induced by the action of phospholipase a.	phaseolus vulgaris mitochondria incubated in sucrose swell rapidly upon the addition of phospholipase a. bovine serum albumin inhibits the swelling. the release of free fatty acids as a result of phospholipase a action on the mitochondria is detected only in the presence of bovine serum albumin, which promotes the hydrolysis of both mitochondrial phospholipids and purified lecithin. either free fatty acid or lysolecithin is able to initiate an extensive mitochondrial swelling in sucrose. it is s ...	1970	5423470
immunochemical studies on the phytoagglutinins of phaseolus vulgaris and some other plants.		1970	5427936
effect of kidney beans, weight gains and unsaturated fat on incidence of liver necrosis in rats.		1970	5435587
effects of fractions from navy beans (phaseolus vulgaris) on germ-free and conventional chicks.		1970	5476570
availability for rats of the lysine in field beans (vicia faba l.).		1970	5476579
the evaluation of the field bean (vicia faba l.) in animal nutrition.		1970	5529219
glycoprotein ii. the isolation and characterization of a major antigenic and non-haemagglutinating glycoprotein from phaseolus vulgaris.		1970	4989124
polysaccharide from dry navy beans, phaseolus vulgaris: iits isolation and stimulation of clostridium perfringens.	a microbiological assay is described for determining gas produced by clostridium perfringens (veilon and zuber) holland from materials believed to be flatulent. a rationale for its use is given and analyzed. the fractionation and the results of the assay for several components of lima beans, phaseolus lunatus l., and navy beans, p. vulgaris l., are given. in particular, a polysaccharide was isolated from dried p. vulgaris seeds. only about one-seventh as much could be isolated from green p. luna ...	1970	4320862
heterophile agglutinins with a broad-spectrum specificity. vi. the nature of cell surface receptors for the agglutinins present in seeds of amaranthus caudatus, maclura aurantica, datura stramonium, viscum album, phaseolus vulgaris and moluccella laevis.		1970	4249809
glycoprotein i of phaseolus vulgaris. homogeneity and enzymic properties.		1971	4995314
rapid detection and quantitative estimation of type a botulinum toxin by electroimmunodiffusion.	an experimental system is described for the detection and quantitative estimation of type a botulinum toxin by electroimmunodiffusion. the method is shown to be rapid, specific, and quantitative. as little as 14 mouse ld(50) per 0.1 ml of type a toxin was detected within 2 hr. when applied to experimentally contaminated foods such as canned tuna, pumpkin, spinach, green beans, and sausage, the technique detected botulinum toxin rapidly and identified it as to type and quantity. a specific rabbit ...	1971	5005291
proteins from plant cell walls inhibit polygalacturonases secreted by plant pathogens.	proteins extracted from the cell walls of red kidney bean hypocotyls, tomato stems, and suspension-cultured sycamore cells can completely inhibit the activity of the polygalacturonases (polygalacturonide hydrolases, ec 3.2.1.15) secreted by the fungal plant pathogens colletotrichum lindemuthianum, fusarium oxysporum, and sclerotium rolfsii. the inhibitor of the c. lindemuthianum polygalacturonase, purified 560-fold from bean hypocotyl extracts, is 40 times as effective an inhibitor of the c. lin ...	1971	5288769
isolation of the lymphoagglutinating fractions of phytohaemagglutinin (pha) from phaseolus vulgaris and characterization of their biological properties.		1971	5102208
effects of s, n and p on amino acid composition of field beans (vicia faba) and responses of the biological value of the seed protein to s-amino acid content.		1971	5158796
fractionation of the phytohemagglutinin of phaseolus vulgaris by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulphate.		1971	5168560
further investigations into hormone-directed transport in stems.	the effect of iaa and three synthetic auxins on the upward movement of (32)p-orthophosphate and (14)c-sucrose has been investigated in decapitated stems of phaseolus vulgaris l., pisum sativum l., coleus blumci l. and helianthus annuus l. iaa greatly enhanced the accumulation of (32)p-orthophosphate in phaseolus vulgaris and pisum sativum, whereas in c. blumei and h. annuus it did not. 2,4-d like iaa, caused an increase in (14)c-sucrose and (32)p-orthophosphate accumulation in phaseolus vulgaris ...	1971	24487549
the relative mitogenicities of some french bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) and runner bean (phaseolus coccineus l.) seed extracts in leukocyte culture.		1971	5560539
changes in proteolytic enzyme activities and transformation of nitrogenous compounds in the germinating seeds of kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris).	hydrolytic activity towards synthetic substrates and denatured proteins was measured in the extracts of the seeds of kidney bean at various stages of germination up to 16 days.of the peptide hydrolases, chymotrypsin-type activity was stable for the first 7 days, then rapidly increased towards the end; leucine aminopeptidase activity decreased to a minimum (8th day) then slowly increased again; trypsin-type activity remained constant throughout.proteolytic and autodigesting activities showed an o ...	1971	24493138
effect of wilting on carbohydrates during incubation of excised bean leaves in the dark.	excised bean (phaseolus vulgaris) leaves were used to compare the changes in various carbohydrates during dark incubation in a wilted and turgid condition. after a rapid (less than 1 hour) wilt, leaves were incubated at a constant water content (75% of original fresh weight).the starch content of the wilted leaves decreased faster than it did in the turgid leaves. this accelerated starch loss was accompanied by an increase in free (alcohol-soluble) sugars, while no similar increase was observed ...	1971	16657882
the development of photophosphorylation and photosynthesis in greening bean leaves.	photophosphorylation and oxygen evolution were measured in 8-day-old dark-grown bean leaves (phaseolus vulgaris) after various times of greening in far red light and in white light. the sequence of development was the same for both greening regimes, but the processes were much more rapid in white light. the capacity for photophosphorylation, as assayed by the firefly luciferase assay, appeared after 12 hours in far red light. at this stage and for times up to 24 hours, photophosphorylation was n ...	1971	16657848
rna metabolism during embryo development and germination of phaseolus vulgaris.		1971	5118741
effect of metabolic inhibitors and temperature on uptake and translocation of ca and k by intact bean plants.	the dependence of ca uptake and translocation by intact roots of phaseolus vulgaris on concurrent root metabolism was investigated using (45)ca-labeled hoagland solutions at one-half and one-twentieth strength (2.5 and 0.25 mm ca(2+)). adsorbed and absorbed (45)ca fractions in the roots were distinguished on the basis of the time course of exchange with the outer solution. uptake of (42)k, of which the characteristics are better known, was measured for comparison. the absorbed (45)ca fraction sh ...	1971	16657813
relationship between photoconvertible and nonphotoconvertible protochlorophyllides.	two forms of protochlorophyllide are found in dark-grown bean (phaseolus vulgaris, var. black velentine) leaves, one (protochlorophyllide(650)) which is directly photoconvertible to chlorophyllide and another (protochlorophyllide(632)) which is not. dark-grown leaves placed in solutions of delta-aminolevulinic acid accumulate protochlorophyllide(632). protochlorophyllide(650) and protochlorophyllide(632) can be partially separated on sucrose density gradients. a nitrogen atmosphere blocks chloro ...	1971	16657804
plastid development in primary leaves of phaseolus vulgaris : the effects of d-threo and l-threo chloramphenicol on the light-induced formation of enzymes of the photosynthetic carbon pathway.	the development of increased activities of ribulosediphosphate carboxylase (ec 4.1.1.39) and of phosphoribulokinase (ec 2.7.1.19) in greening bean leaves was completely inhibited by d-threo chloramphenicol but unaffected by l-threo chloramphenicol. this indicates that these enzymes are synthesized by the ribosomes of the developing plastids. a different mechanism appears to be responsible for the development of activity of nadp-dependent triosephosphate dehydrogenase (ec 1.2.1.13) where the d-th ...	1971	24493123
cytokinins extracted from pinto bean fruit.	extracts from various parts of phaseolus vulgaris l. var. pinto plants were found to exhibit cytokinin activity with the highest levels present in extracts of the fruit tissue. to separate the cytokinins present in the fruit, extracts were chromatographed in several solvent systems. bioassays of chromatograms indicated the presence of active factors in those regions of migration associated with several known n-6-substituted aminopurines.ultraviolet and mass spectral studies confirm the presence ...	1971	16657790
the induction of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and phaseollin by 9-aminoacridine and other deoxyribonucleic acid intercalating compounds.	bean pod tissue (phaseolus vulgaris l. var. top crop) is induced to produce phaseollin when challenged with various microorganisms. the pods react in the same manner when challenged with 9-aminoacridine. this compound also caused an increase in concentrations of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, an enzyme of the phaseollin synthesizing pathway. both the synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and phaseollin are subject to inhibition by actinomycin d, cycloheximide, or 6-methylpurine. the results sug ...	1971	16657762
auxin and red light in the control of hypocotyl hook opening in beans.	evidence is presented to support the suggestion that endogenous auxinlike substances participate in controlling the unbending of the hypocotyl hook of phaseolus vulgaris l. (cv. black valentine). an acidic indole was detected in hook diffusates by fluorometry; triiodobenzoic acid, an inhibitor of auxin transport, prevented red light-induced unbending, and indoleacetic acid can be substituted for tissue just above the elbow region as an inhibitor of opening. indoleacetic acid also stimulated grow ...	1971	16657760
the role of various regions of the bean hypocotyl on red light-induced hook opening.	measurement of various zones on the concave half of etiolated phaseolus vulgaris l. (cv. black valentine) hypocotyls has shown that growth at the basal portion of the elbow and the contiguous upper portion of the shank was stimulated earliest by red light. growth of these two zones was unaffected by the tissue of the convex half but was inhibited by tissue distal to them. the inhibition was alleviated by the continuous presence of shank tissue below the growing zones. based on cuts made halfway ...	1971	16657759
detrimental effect of rust infection on the water relations of bean.	bean plants (phaseolus vulgaris l.) infected with the rust uromyces phaseoli became unusually susceptible to drought as sporulation occurred. under the conditions used (1,300 ft-c, 27 c, and 55% relative humidity) such plants wilted at soil water potentials greater than -1 bar, whereas healthy plants did not wilt until the soil water potential fell below -3.4 bars. determinations of leaf water and osmotic potentials showed that an alteration in leaf osmotic potential was not responsible for the ...	1971	16657738
auxins and cytokinins exuded during formation of roots by detached primary leaves and stems of dwarf french bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.).	hypocotyls of detached stems standing in culture solution produced adventitious roots sooner than did petioles of detached primary leaves. an auxin, probably indol-3-ylacetic acid, appeared in the solutions before the hypocotyls or petioles produced roots. after attaining a maximum, the amounts of auxin in the solutions decreased as fewer roots were formed. two cytokinins were found in the culture solutions; one had a similar rf to zeatin, the other ran more slowly on chromatograms. the amounts ...	1971	24493346
[gibberellic acid stimulated gene activity in the endosperm of phaseolus].	gibberellic acid, injected into maturing ovules of phaseolus vulgaris, induces 3.2-fold enhancement of the number of additional nucleoli within the endopolyploid endosperm nuclei. the additional nucleoli originate at different sites of polytene chromosome-like chromosome bundles. they contain rna and are sensitive to actinomycin d. similar nucleolar bodies are extruded by the main nucleolus. it is assumed that gibberellic acid stimulates the chromosomal and nucleolar rna synthesis, i.e., the gen ...	1971	24493086