Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| terminal repeat retrotransposon in miniature (trim) as dna markers in brassica relatives. | we have developed a display system using a unique sequence of terminal repeat retrotransposon in miniature (trim) elements, which were recently identified from gene-rich regions of brassica rapa. the technique, named trim display, is based on modification of the aflp technique using an adapter primer for the restriction fragments of bfai and a primer derived from conserved terminal repeat sequences of trim elements, br1 and br2. trim display using genomic dna produced 50-70 bands ranging from 10 ... | 2007 | 17690909 |
| self-compatibility in brassica napus is caused by independent mutations in s-locus genes. | brassica napus is an amphidiploid species with the a genome from brassica rapa and the c genome from brassica oleracea. although b. rapa, b. oleracea and artificially synthesized amphidiploids with the ac genome are self-incompatible, b. napus is self-compatible. six s genotypes were identified in b. napus, five of which had class i s haplotypes from one species and a class ii s haplotype from the other species, and mutations causing self-compatibility were identified in three of these s genotyp ... | 2007 | 17425715 |
| culture and fusion of pollen protoplasts of brassica oleracea l. var. italica with haploid mesophyll protoplasts of b. rapa l. ssp. pekinensis. | hybrid callus was formed from the successful protoplast fusion between pollen protoplasts of brassica oleracea var. italica and haploid mesophyll protoplasts of brassica rapa. the pollen protoplast isolation frequency in broccoli was highly related to the ratio of trinucleate pollens in the male gametophyte population. large quantities of pollen protoplasts with high vigor could be isolated, and the isolation frequency reached up to 90% in 6.0-7.0 mm long flower buds with about 94.7% trinucleate ... | 2007 | 17370111 |
| mapping and characterization of flc homologs and qtl analysis of flowering time in brassica oleracea. | the flc gene product is an inhibitor of flowering in arabidopsis. flc homologs in brassica species are thought to control vernalization. we cloned four flc homologs (boflcs) from brassica oleracea. three of these, boflc1, boflc3 and boflc5, have been previously characterized. the fourth novel sequence displayed 98% sequence homology to the previously identified gene boflc4, but also showed 91% homology to brflc2 from brassica rapa. phylogenetic analysis showed that this clone belongs to the flc2 ... | 2007 | 17136371 |
| quantitative trait loci for flowering time and morphological traits in multiple populations of brassica rapa. | wide variation for morphological traits exists in brassica rapa and the genetic basis of this morphological variation is largely unknown. here is a report on quantitative trait loci (qtl) analysis of flowering time, seed and pod traits, growth-related traits, leaf morphology, and turnip formation in b. rapa using multiple populations. the populations resulted from crosses between the following accessions: rapid cycling, chinese cabbage, yellow sarson, pak choi, and a japanese vegetable turnip va ... | 2007 | 18048374 |
| genomic distribution of simple sequence repeats in brassica rapa. | simple sequence repeats (ssrs) represent short tandem duplications found within all eukaryotic organisms. to examine the distribution of ssrs in the genome of brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis, ssrs from different genomic regions representing 17.7 mb of genomic sequence were surveyed. ssrs appear more abundant in non-coding regions (86.6%) than in coding regions (13.4%). comparison of ssr densities in different genomic regions demonstrated that ssr density was greatest within the 5'-flanking regions ... | 2007 | 17646709 |
| antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of selected commercially available cruciferous vegetables. | antioxidant activity, free radical scavenging activity and phenolic content of red cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata rubra), chinese cabbage (brassica rapa pekinensis var cylindrica), green cabbage (brassica oleracea var capitata), mustard cabbage (brassica juncea var rugosa) and chinese white cabbage (brassica rapa var chinensis), grown in malaysia, were evaluated. red cabbage had the highest antioxidant activity and phenolic content compared to the other cruciferous vegetables studied ( ... | 2007 | 22692190 |
| genes encoding pentatricopeptide repeat (ppr) proteins are not conserved in location in plant genomes and may be subject to diversifying selection. | the pentatricopeptide repeat (ppr) is a degenerate 35 amino acid motif that occurs in multiple tandem copies in members of a recently recognized eukaryotic gene family. most analyzed eukaryotic genomes contain only a small number of ppr genes, but in plants the family is greatly expanded. the factors that underlie the expansion of this gene family in plants are not as yet understood. | 2007 | 17521445 |
| constraints on the evolution of adaptive plasticity: costs of plasticity to density are expressed in segregating progenies. | phenotypic plasticity, the ability of a genotype to express different phenotypes across environments, is an adaptive strategy expected to evolve in heterogeneous environments. one widely held hypothesis is that the evolutionary benefits of plasticity are reduced by its costs, but when compared with the number of traits tested, the evidence for costs is limited. selection gradients were calculated for traits and trait plasticities to test for costs of plasticity to density in a field study using ... | 2007 | 17822398 |
| mapping the anthocyaninless (anl) locus in rapid-cycling brassica rapa (rbr) to linkage group r9. | anthocyanins are flavonoid pigments that are responsible for purple coloration in the stems and leaves of a variety of plant species. anthocyaninless (anl) mutants of brassica rapa fail to produce anthocyanin pigments. in rapid-cycling brassica rapa, also known as wisconsin fast plants, the anthocyaninless trait, also called non-purple stem, is widely used as a model recessive trait for teaching genetics. although anthocyanin genes have been mapped in other plants such as arabidopsis thaliana, t ... | 2007 | 17894874 |
| isolation of circadian-associated genes in brassica rapa by comparative genomics with arabidopsis thaliana. | elucidation of the roles of circadian associated factors requires a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of circadian rhythms, control of flowering time through photoperiodic pathways, and photosensory signal transduction. in arabidopsis, the aprr1 quintet, aprrs 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9, are known as central oscillator genes. other plants may share the molecular mechanism underlying the circadian rhythm. to identify and characterize these circadian response genes in brassica crops whose ge ... | 2007 | 17464190 |
| two distinct forms of m-locus protein kinase localize to the plasma membrane and interact directly with s-locus receptor kinase to transduce self-incompatibility signaling in brassica rapa. | many flowering plants possess systems of self-incompatibility (si) to prevent inbreeding. in brassica, si recognition is controlled by the multiallelic gene complex (s-haplotypes) at the s-locus, which encodes both the male determinant s-locus protein 11 (sp11/scr) and the female determinant s-receptor kinase (srk). upon self-pollination, the s-haplotype-specific interaction between the pollen-borne sp11 and the cognate stigmatic srk receptor induces si signaling in the stigmatic papilla cell an ... | 2007 | 18065692 |
| molecular cloning of brassica rapa nitrilases and their expression during clubroot development. | summary three isoforms of nitrilase were cloned from turnip, brassica rapa l., and their expression during clubroot development caused by plasmodiophora brassicae was investigated. the isoforms were designated brnit-t1, brnit-t2 and brnit-t4 based on homology to known nitrilases. brnit-t1 and brnit-t2 have 80% homology to three nitrilases from arabidopsis thaliana (atnit1, atnit2 and atnit3). brnit-t4 showed 90% homology to atnit4. to confirm their enzyme activity, the recombinant proteins were ... | 2007 | 20507526 |
| teaching human genetics with mustard: rapid cycling brassica rapa (fast plants type) as a model for human genetics in the classroom laboratory. | we have developed experiments and materials to model human genetics using rapid cycling brassica rapa, also known as fast plants. because of their self-incompatibility for pollination and the genetic diversity within strains, b. rapa can serve as a relevant model for human genetics in teaching laboratory experiments. the experiment presented here is a paternity exclusion project in which a child is born with a known mother but two possible alleged fathers. students use dna markers (microsatellit ... | 2007 | 17548880 |
| detection, introgression and localization of genes conferring specific resistance to leptosphaeria maculans from brassica rapa into b. napus. | blackleg (stem canker) caused by the fungus leptosphaeria maculans is one of the most damaging diseases of oilseed rape (brassica napus). crop relatives represent a valuable source of "new" resistance genes that could be used to diversify cultivar resistance. b. rapa, one of the progenitors of b. napus, is a potential source of new resistance genes. however, most of the accessions are heterozygous so it is impossible to directly detect the plant genes conferring specific resistance due to the co ... | 2007 | 17668174 |
| effect on epidermal cell of soybean protein-degraded products and structural determination of the root hair promoting peptide. | peptide(s) produced from degraded soybean protein by an alkaline protease from bacillus circulans ha12 (degraded soybean-meal products; dsp) increased the number of both the root hair cells (trichoblasts) and hairless cells (atrichoblasts) of brassica rapa by about 4.4 times and 1.9 times, respectively. to identify the root hair-promoting peptide(s) in dsp, the origin protein of the root hair-promoting peptide(s) was identified as kunitz trypsin inhibitor (kti). the root hair-promoting peptide i ... | 2007 | 17671783 |
| broadening the genetic basis of verticillium longisporum resistance in brassica napus by interspecific hybridization. | abstract verticillium wilt caused by the vascular fungal pathogen verticillium longisporum is one of the most important pathogens of oilseed rape (brassica napus sp. oleifera) in northern europe. because production of this major oilseed crop is expanding rapidly and no approved fungicides are available for v. longisporum, long-term control of the disease can only be achieved with cultivars carrying effective quantitative resistance. however, very little resistance to v. longisporum is available ... | 2007 | 18943507 |
| genetic control of broad-spectrum resistance to turnip mosaic virus in brassica rapa (chinese cabbage). | the brassica rapa line rlr22 was resistant to eight diverse turnip mosaic virus (tumv) isolates. a b. rapa genetic map based on 213 marker loci segregating in 120 first back-cross (b(1)) individuals was established and aligned with the b. rapa genome reference map using some of the rflp probes. b(1) individuals were self-pollinated to produce b(1)s(1) families. the existence of two loci controlling resistance to tumv isolate cdn 1 was established from contrasting patterns of segregation for resi ... | 2007 | 17947545 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci for resistance to xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in brassica rapa. | resistance to six known races of black rot in crucifers caused by xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (pammel) dowson is absent or very rare in brassica oleracea (c genome). however, race specific and broad-spectrum resistance (to type strains of all six races) does appear to occur frequently in other brassica genomes including b. rapa (a genome). here, we report the genetics of broad spectrum resistance in the b. rapa chinese cabbage accession b162, using qtl analysis of resistance to races 1 ... | 2007 | 17160671 |
| variation of glucosinolates in vegetable crops of brassica rapa. | glucosinolate levels in leaves were determined in a collection of 113 varieties of turnip greens (brassica rapa l.) from northwestern spain grown at two sites. sensorial attributes were also assessed by a consumer panel. the objectives were to determine the diversity among varieties in total glucosinolate content and glucosinolate profile and to evaluate their sensory attributes in relation to glucosinolate content for breeding purposes. sixteen glucosinolates were identified, being the aliphati ... | 2007 | 17187832 |
| characterization of directly transformed weedy brassica rapa and introgressed b. rapa with bt cry1ac and gfp genes. | crop to weed transgene flow, which could result in more competitive weed populations, is an agricultural biosafety concern. crop brassica napus to weedy brassica rapa hybridization has been extensively characterized to better understand the transgene flow and its consequences. in this study, weedy accessions of b. rapa were transformed with bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cry1ac- and green fluorescence protein (gfp)-coding transgenes using agrobacterium to assess ecological performance of the wild b ... | 2007 | 17333014 |
| actin dynamics in papilla cells of brassica rapa during self- and cross-pollination. | the self-incompatibility system of the plant species brassica is controlled by the s-locus, which contains s-receptor kinase (srk) and s-locus protein11 (sp11). sp11 binding to srk induces srk autophosphorylation and initiates a signaling cascade leading to the rejection of self pollen. however, the mechanism controlling hydration and germination arrest during self-pollination is unclear. in this study, we examined the role of actin, a key cytoskeletal component regulating the transport system f ... | 2007 | 17337527 |
| effects of the ethanol extract of the roots of brassica rapa on glucose and lipid metabolism in c57bl/ksj-db/db mice. | the antidiabetic efficacy of turnip (brassica rapa) roots ethanol extract (te) was investigated in type 2 diabetic animals. | 2008 | 17996336 |
| sensitization to turnip rape and oilseed rape in children with atopic dermatitis: a case-control study. | turnip rape and oilseed rape 2s albumins are new allergens in children with atopic dermatitis suspected for food allergy. we recently found that 11% (206/1887) of these children had a positive skin prick test to seeds of oilseed rape (brassica napus) and/or turnip rape (brassica rapa). in the present case-control study we examined how the children with atopic dermatitis sensitized to turnip rape and oilseed rape had been breast-fed and whether they had some common sensitization pattern to certai ... | 2008 | 18221477 |
| quantitative trait loci analysis of phytate and phosphate concentrations in seeds and leaves of brassica rapa. | phytate, being the major storage form of phosphorus in plants, is considered to be an anti-nutritional substance for human, because of its ability to complex essential micronutrients. in the present study, we describe the genetic analysis of phytate and phosphate concentrations in brassica rapa using five segregating populations, involving eight parental accessions representing different cultivar groups. a total of 25 quantitative trait loci (qtl) affecting phytate and phosphate concentrations i ... | 2008 | 18266904 |
| toxic effects of digested, composted and thermally-dried sewage sludge on three plants. | in order to evaluate potential toxic effects of stabilized sewage sludge that are currently applied to agricultural soils, three types of municipal sewage sludge and one pig slurry were subjected to phytotoxicity assays using three plants (brassica rapa, lolium perenne and trifolium pratense). equivalent batches of aerobically and anaerobically-digested sludge (f) from two municipal wastewater treatment plants, were composted (c) or thermally dried (t). in addition, one anaerobically-digested an ... | 2008 | 18280152 |
| denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of bacterial community profiles in the rhizosphere of cry1ac-carrying brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis. | the effect of genetically modified (gm) brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (chinese cabbage) expressing bt toxin gene (cry1ac) to the rhizosphere bacterial community was examined using the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) fingerprinting method. from the visual comparison of the dgge profiles, there were no significant differences between the profiles of bt and control rhizosphere in both suwon and yesan samples. from the sequence analysis of the individual bands, sphingomonas sp. of a ... | 2008 | 18337686 |
| [isolation and identification of specific sequences correlated to cytoplasmic male sterility and fertile maintenance in cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis)]. | analysis of issr (inter-simple sequence repeat) and ddrt-pcr (differential display reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) was performed between cytoplasmic male sterility cauliflower ogura-a and its corresponding maintainer line ogura-b. totally, 306 detectable bands were obtained by issr using thirty oligonucleotide primers. commonly, six to twelve bands were produced per primer. among all these primers only the amplification of primer issr3 was polymorphic, an 1100 bp specific band w ... | 2008 | 18464586 |
| an intensive understanding of vacuum infiltration transformation of pakchoi (brassica rapa ssp. chinensis). | pakchoi (brassica rapa l. ssp. chinensis), a kind of chinese cabbage, is an important vegetable in asian countries. agrobacterium mediated in planta vacuum infiltration transformation has been performed in pakchoi since 1998, but a detailed study on this technique was lacking. pakchoi plants 40-50 days old with inflorescences were vacuum infiltrated with agrobacterium tumefaciens strain c58c1 harboring the binary vector pbbbast-gus-intron. the transformation frequency in the harvested seeds main ... | 2008 | 18542966 |
| characterization of conserved and novel micrornas and their targets, including a tumv-induced tir-nbs-lrr class r gene-derived novel mirna in brassica. | nine conserved mirna families and three potential novel mirnas in brassica rapa were identified from a small rna library. the expression patterns of some conserved mirnas had different tissue specificity in brassica and arabidopsis. one of the three potential mirnas, named bra-mir1885, was verified as a true functional mirna. it could be induced specifically by turnip mosaic virus (tumv) infection, and target tir-nbs-lrr class disease-resistant transcripts for cleavage. based on the hypothesis f ... | 2008 | 18558089 |
| quantitative trait loci for glucosinolate accumulation in brassica rapa leaves. | glucosinolates and their breakdown products have been recognized for their effects on plant defense, human health, flavor and taste of cruciferous vegetables. despite this importance, little is known about the regulation of the biosynthesis and degradation in brassica rapa. here, the identification of quantitative trait loci (qtl) for glucosinolate accumulation in b. rapa leaves in two novel segregating double haploid (dh) populations is reported: dh38, derived from a cross between yellow sarson ... | 2008 | 18564302 |
| mapping of isolate-specific qtls for clubroot resistance in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis). | a number of clubroot resistant (cr) chinese cabbage cultivars have been developed in japan using resistant genes from cr european fodder turnips (b. rapa ssp. rapifera). clubroot resistance in european fodder turnips are known to be controlled by the combined action of several dominant resistance genes. we have developed three chinese cabbage clubroot-resistant doubled haploid (dh) lines--t136-8, k10, and c9--which express resistance in different manners against two isolates of plasmodiophora br ... | 2008 | 18612625 |
| plant phenolics affect oxidation of tryptophan. | the effect of berry phenolics such as anthocyanins, ellagitannins, and proanthocyanidins from raspberry (rubus idaeus), black currant (ribes nigrum), and cranberry (vaccinium oxycoccus) and byproducts of deoiling processes rich in phenolics such as rapeseed (brassica rapa l.), camelina (camelina sativa), and soy (glycine max l.) as well as scots pine bark (pinus sylvestris) was investigated in an h2o2-oxidized tryptophan (trp) solution. the oxidation of trp was analyzed with high-performance liq ... | 2008 | 18646765 |
| alternative transcription initiation of the nitrilase gene (brnit2) caused by infection with plasmodiophora brassicae woron. in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l.). | in clubroot disease, gall formation is induced by infection with the obligate biotroph plasmodiophora brassicae, and cell hypertrophy is dependent on increased auxin levels. the enzyme nitrilase is suggested to play an important role in auxin biosynthesis in plants. here, we investigated the expression of nitrilase genes in clubroot disease in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l.). we isolated four isogenes of nitrilase (brnit1, brnit2, brnit3, and brnit4) from chinese cabbage. when a brnit2-specif ... | 2008 | 18726557 |
| occurrence of a new subclade of leptosphaeria biglobosa in western australia. | stem canker of crucifers is caused by an ascomycete species complex comprising of two main species, leptosphaeria maculans and l. biglobosa. these are composed of at least seven distinct subclades based on biochemical data or on sequences of internal transcribed spacer (its), the mating type mat1-2 or fragments of actin or beta-tubulin genes. in the course of a wide-scale characterization of the race structure of l. maculans from western australia, a few isolates from two locations failed to amp ... | 2008 | 18944083 |
| biological and phylogenetic characterization of fusarium oxysporum complex, which causes yellows on brassica spp., and proposal of f. oxysporum f. sp. rapae, a novel forma specialis pathogenic on b. rapa in japan. | although the causal agent of yellows of brassica rapa (turnip, pak choi, and narinosa) in japan was reported in 1996 to be fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans, this classification has remained inconclusive because of a lack of detailed genetic and pathogenic studies. therefore, we analyzed the taxonomic position of this organism using japanese isolates of f. oxysporum complex obtained from diseased individuals of various b. rapa subspecies. phylogenetic analyses using partial sequences of the ... | 2008 | 18944198 |
| molecular characterization of two important antifungal proteins isolated by downy mildew infection in non-heading chinese cabbage. | two cdna clones for a pathogen induced genes in non-heading chinese cabbage (brassica rapa ssp. chinensis l. cv. suzhouqing) were isolated and characterized. the two full-length cdna clones, designated bcchi and bcaf were isolated during the resistance response to peronospora parasitica. sequence analysis of corresponding cdna clones confirmed the translation products of both genes showed high degree of homology to other plant chitinases and plant defensins, respectively. genomic dna southern bl ... | 2008 | 17762976 |
| identification and preliminary analysis of a new pcp promoter from brassica rapa ssp. chinensis. | the promoter of brassica campestris male fertile 5 (bcmf5), a pollen coat protein member, class a (pcp-a) gene family, was isolated from brassica rapa l. ssp. chinensis makino (chinese cabbage-pak-choi) by thermal asymmetric interlaced polymerase chain reaction (tail-pcr). sequence analysis suggested that the 605-bp promoter of bcmf5 appears to be a pollen promoter. in an attempt to confirm the promoter activity of bcmf5 promoter, -609 to +3 bp and -377 to +3 bp fragments of the upstream sequenc ... | 2008 | 17851779 |
| emergence and seasonal activity of the entomophagous rove beetle aleochara bilineata (coleoptera: staphylinidae) in canola in western canada. | aleochara bilineata gyllenhal (coleoptera: staphylinidae) is an important natural enemy of root maggots (delia spp.) (diptera: anthomyiidae), which are serious pests of brassicaceous crops in north america and europe. adults of a. bilineata feed on eggs and larvae of root maggots, and a. bilineata larvae parasitize delia spp. pupae. emergence and seasonal activity patterns of a. bilineata were investigated during 2003-2005 in canola (brassica rapa l. and brassica napus l.) in central alberta, ca ... | 2008 | 19161688 |
| effects of vegetable oil residue after soil extraction on physical-chemical properties of sandy soil and plant growth. | vegetable oil has the ability to extract polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) from contaminated sandy soil for a remediation purpose, with some of the oil remaining in the soil. although most of the pahs were removed, the risk of residue oil in the soil was not known. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the vegetable oil residue on higher plant growth and sandy soil properties after soil extraction for a better understanding of the soil remediation. addition of sunflowe ... | 2008 | 19209632 |
| biological testing of a digested sewage sludge and derived composts. | aiming to evaluate a possible loss of soil habitat function after amendment with organic wastes, a digested sewage sludge and derived composts produced with green residues, where biologically tested in the laboratory using soil animals (eisenia andrei and folsomia candida) and plants (brassica rapa and avena sativa). each waste was tested mimicking a field application of 6ton/ha or 12ton/ha. avoidance tests did not reveal any impact of sludge and composts to soil biota. germination and growth te ... | 2008 | 18413285 |
| hypomethylation and transcriptional reactivation of retrotransposon-like sequences in ddm1 transgenic plants of brassica rapa. | dna methylation and histone modification play important roles in regulating gene expression. the ddm1 gene in arabidopsis thaliana (atddm1) is required for the maintenance of dna methylation level and histone h3 methylation pattern. we isolated ddm1 homologs of brassica rapa, brddm1a and brddm1b, which have 84.4% and 84.1% deduced amino acid sequence identities with atddm1, respectively. both the brddm1a and brddm1b genes were found to be expressed in vegetative and reproductive tissues. b. rapa ... | 2008 | 18236011 |
| phytoalexins and polar metabolites from the oilseeds canola and rapeseed: differential metabolic responses to the biotroph albugo candida and to abiotic stress. | the metabolites produced in leaves of the oilseeds canola and rapeseed (brassica rapa l.) inoculated with either different races of the biotroph albugo candida or sprayed with cucl(2) were determined. this investigation established consistent phytoalexin (spirobrassinin, cyclobrassinin, and rutalexin) and phytoanticipin (indolyl-3-acetonitrile, arvelexin, caulilexin c, and 4-methoxyglucobrassicin) production in canola and rapeseed in response to both biotic and abiotic elicitation. in addition, ... | 2008 | 18039546 |
| progress in understanding and sequencing the genome of brassica rapa. | brassica rapa, which is closely related to arabidopsis thaliana, is an important crop and a model plant for studying genome evolution via polyploidization. we report the current understanding of the genome structure of b. rapa and efforts for the whole-genome sequencing of the species. the tribe brassicaceae, which comprises ca. 240 species, descended from a common hexaploid ancestor with a basic genome similar to that of arabidopsis. chromosome rearrangements, including fusions and/or fissions, ... | 2008 | 18288250 |
| do escaped transgenes persist in nature? the case of an herbicide resistance transgene in a weedy brassica rapa population. | the existence of transgenic hybrids resulting from transgene escape from genetically modified (gm) crops to wild or weedy relatives is well documented but the fate of the transgene over time in recipient wild species populations is still relatively unknown. this is the first report of the persistence and apparent introgression, i.e. stable incorporation of genes from one differentiated gene pool into another, of an herbicide resistance transgene from brassica napus into the gene pool of its weed ... | 2008 | 17971090 |
| impact of decreasing ratios of insecticide-treated seed on flea beetle (coleoptera: chrysomelidae, phyllotreta spp.) feeding levels and canola seed yields. | field studies were conducted at two locations on the canadian prairies to investigate use of reduced ratios of insecticide-treated seed in controlling flea beetle (coleoptera: chrysomelidae, phyllotreta spp.) damage to canola (brassica napus l. and brassica rapa l.). five treatments were evaluated: bare seed control, fungicide-only (0x), and three ratios of insecticide plus fungicide in proportions of all (1x), two thirds (0.67x), or one third (0.33x) of the seeds coated with insecticide. decrea ... | 2008 | 19133461 |
| the cacta transposon bot1 played a major role in brassica genome divergence and gene proliferation. | we isolated and characterized a brassica c genome-specific cacta element, which was designated bot1 (brassica oleracea transposon 1). after analysing phylogenetic relationships, copy numbers and sequence similarity of bot1 and bot1 analogues in b. oleracea (c genome) versus brassica rapa (a genome), we concluded that bot1 has encountered several rounds of amplification in the oleracea genome only, and has played a major role in the recent rapa and oleracea genome divergence. we performed in sili ... | 2008 | 18764926 |
| differences in phyllotreta cruciferae and phyllotreta striolata (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) responses to neonicotinoid seed treatments. | insecticidal seed treatments are used commonly throughout the northern great plains of north america to systemically protect seedlings of canola (brassica napus l. and brassica rapa l.) from attack by the flea beetles phyllotreta cruciferae (goeze) and phyllotreta striolata (f.) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). here, we investigated differential responses by the two flea beetle species to the neonicotinoid seed treatments thiamethoxam (helix and helix xtra) and clothianidin (prosper 400) in greenhou ... | 2008 | 18330131 |
| production and characterization of intertribal somatic hybrids of raphanus sativus and brassica rapa with dye and medicinal plant isatis indigotica. | intertribal somatic hybrids of raphanus sativus (2n = 18, rr) and brassica rapa spp. chinensis (2n = 20, aa) with the dye and medicinal plant isatis indigotica (2n = 14, i i) were firstly obtained by polyethylene glycol-induced symmetric fusions of mesophyll protoplasts. one mature hybrid with r. sativus established in field had intermediate morphology but was totally sterile. it had the expected chromosome number (2n = 32, rri i) and parental chromosomes were distinguished by genomic in situ hy ... | 2008 | 18264711 |
| mapping qtls for root morphological traits in brassica rapa l. based on aflp and rapd markers. | root growth and thickening plays a key role in the final productivity and even the quality of storage roots in root crops. this study was conducted to identify and map quantitative trait loci (qtls) affecting root morphological traits in brassica rapa by using molecular markers. an f2 population was developed from a cross between chinese cabbage (brassica rapa ssp. chinensis) and turnip (b. rapa ssp. rapifera), which differed greatly in root characters. a genetic map covering 1837.1 cm, with 192 ... | 2008 | 18263966 |
| effects of stress and phenotypic variation on inbreeding depression in brassica rapa. | stressful environments are often said to increase the expression of inbreeding depression. alternatively, crow's "opportunity for selection" (the squared phenotypic coefficient of variation) sets a limit to how much selection can occur, constraining the magnitude of inbreeding depression. to test these hypotheses, we planted self- and cross-fertilized seeds of brassica rapa into a factorial experiment that varied plant density and saline watering stresses. we then repeated the experiment, reduci ... | 2008 | 18208569 |
| hplc-dad-ms/ms-esi screening of phenolic compounds in pieris brassicae l. reared on brassica rapa var. rapa l. | the phenolic profiles of cabbage white butterfly ( pieris brassicae l.; lepidoptera: pieridae) at different development stages (larvae, exuviae, and butterfly), its excrements, and its host plant brassica rapa var. rapa l. were determined by high performance liquid chromatography- diode-array detector-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry-electrospray ionization (hplc-dad-ms/ms-esi). twenty-five acylated and nonacylated flavonoid glycosides and ferulic and sinapic acids were identified in host pla ... | 2008 | 18173245 |
| plant induced changes in concentrations of caesium, strontium and uranium in soil solution with reference to major ions and dissolved organic matter. | for a better understanding of the soil-to-plant transfer of radionuclides, their behavior in the soil solution should be elucidated, especially at the interface between plant roots and soil particles, where conditions differ greatly from the bulk soil because of plant activity. this study determined the concentration of stable cs and sr, and u in the soil solution, under plant growing conditions. the leafy vegetable komatsuna (brassica rapa l.) was cultivated for 26 days in pots, where the rhizo ... | 2008 | 18164108 |
| microtubules spatial alterations in root cells of brassica rapa under clinorotation. | organization of tubulin cytoskeleton in epidermis and cortex cells in different root growth zones in brassica rapa l. 6-day-old seedlings under clinorotation has been investigated. it was shown that changes in cortical microtubules orientation occur only in the distal elongation zone. in control, cortical microtubule arrays oriented transversely to the root long axis. whereas under clinorotation an appearance of shorter randomly organized cortical microtubules was observed. simultaneously, a sig ... | 2008 | 18155615 |
| scenario modeling potential eco-efficiency gains from a transition to organic agriculture: life cycle perspectives on canadian canola, corn, soy, and wheat production. | we used life cycle assessment to scenario model the potential reductions in cumulative energy demand (both fossil and renewable) and global warming, acidifying, and ozone-depleting emissions associated with a hypothetical national transition from conventional to organic production of four major field crops [canola (brassica rapa), corn (zea mays), soy (glycine max), and wheat (triticum aestivum)] in canada. models of these systems were constructed using a combination of census data, published va ... | 2008 | 18574623 |
| a change in climate causes rapid evolution of multiple life-history traits and their interactions in an annual plant. | climate change is likely to spur rapid evolution, potentially altering integrated suites of life-history traits. we examined evolutionary change in multiple life-history traits of the annual plant brassica rapa collected before and after a recent 5-year drought in southern california. we used a direct approach to examining evolutionary change by comparing ancestors and descendants. collections were made from two populations varying in average soil moisture levels, and lines propagated from the c ... | 2008 | 18557796 |
| the first generation of a bac-based physical map of brassica rapa. | the genus brassica includes the most extensively cultivated vegetable crops worldwide. investigation of the brassica genome presents excellent challenges to study plant genome evolution and divergence of gene function associated with polyploidy and genome hybridization. a physical map of the b. rapa genome is a fundamental tool for analysis of brassica "a" genome structure. integration of a physical map with an existing genetic map by linking genetic markers and bac clones in the sequencing pipe ... | 2008 | 18549474 |
| metal ion-inducing metabolite accumulation in brassica rapa. | plants face a number of biotic and abiotic environmental stress factors during growth. among the abiotic factors, in particular, a great deal of attention has been paid to metals not only because of their increasing amounts in the environment due to rapid industrial development but also because of the variation of metal composition in soil. cultivation of crops close to industrial areas or irrigation with contaminated water may result in both growth inhibition and tissue accumulation of metals. ... | 2008 | 18541336 |
| effect of crop improvement on genetic diversity in oilseed brassica rapa (turnip-rape) cultivars, detected by ssr markers. | with the improvement of seed quality, brassica rapa oilseed germplasm went through 2 major breeding bottlenecks during the introgression of genes for zero erucic acid content and low glucosinolate content, respectively. this study investigates the impact of these bottlenecks on the genetic diversity in european winter b. rapa by comparing 3 open-pollinated cultivars, each representing a different breeding period. diversity was estimated on 32 plants per cultivar, with 16 simple sequence repeat ( ... | 2008 | 18670055 |
| phytotoxic effects of sewage sludge extracts on the germination of three plant species. | in order to evaluate the ability of three types of extracts to explain the ecotoxicological risk of treated municipal sewage sludges, the oecd 208a germination test was applied using three plants (lolium perenne l., brassica rapa l., and trifolium pratense l.). three equivalent batches of sludge, remained as dewatered sludge, composted with plant remains and thermally dried, from an anaerobic waste water treatment plant were separated. samples from these three batches were extracted in water, me ... | 2008 | 18651217 |
| transcriptome analysis in brassica rapa under the abiotic stresses using brassica 24k oligo microarray. | genome wide transcription analysis in response to stresses is essential to provide the basis of effective engineering strategies to improve stress tolerance in crop plants. in order to perform transcriptome analysis in brassica rapa, we constructed a b. rapa oligo microarray, kbgp-24k, using sequence information from approximately 24,000 unigenes and analyzed cold (4 degrees c), salt (250 mm nacl), and drought (air-dry) treated b. rapa plants. among the b. rapa unigenes represented on the microa ... | 2008 | 18797175 |
| comparative innate responses of the aphid parasitoid diaeretiella rapae to alkenyl glucosinolate derived isothiocyanates, nitriles, and epithionitriles. | cruciferous plants (brassicaceae) are characterized by the accumulation of a group of secondary metabolites known as glucosinolates that, following attack by pathogens or herbivores, may be hydrolyzed to one of a number of products including isothiocyanates and nitriles. despite the range of hydrolysis products that may be produced, the toxicity of glucosinolates to pathogens and herbivores may be explained largely by the production of isothiocyanates. isothiocyanates are also known to provide a ... | 2008 | 18712443 |
| plantgm: a database for genetic markers in rice (oryza sativa) and chinese cabbage (brassica rapa). | the plant genetic map database (plantgm) has been developed as a web-based system which provides information about genetic markers in rice (oryza sativa) and chinese cabbage (brassica rapa). the database has three major parts and functions; (1) map search, (2) marker search, and (3) qtl search. at present, the database provides characterization information for about 3258 genetic markers. it has 2800 rflp and 112 qtl markers related to rice in addition to 321 rflp and 25 pcr-based markers for chi ... | 2008 | 19238232 |
| bcmf13, a new reproductive organ-specific gene from brassica rapa. ssp. chinensis, affects pollen development. | a transcript-derived fragment (genbank accession number dn237920.1) accumulated in the wild-type flower buds of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino, syn. b. rapa ssp. chinensis) was isolated and further investigated. the full length dna and cdna of the fragment were cloned by rapid amplification of cdna ends. the gene, bcmf13, encodes a protein of 73 amino acids and is interrupted by an intron of 106 bp (genbank accession number ef158459). southern blot analysis reveale ... | 2008 | 17387632 |
| [microtubules in epidermal and cortical root cells of brassica rapa during clinorotation]. | using confocal microscopy the organization of tubulin cytoskeleton including endoplasmic and cortical microtubules (cmts) has been studied in epidermal and cortical cells of the different growth zones of main root of brassica rapa l. 6-days-old seedlings in control conditions and under clinorotation. it was shown that changes in cmts orientation occured only in the distal elongation zone (dez). in the control, cmt arrays oriented transversely to the root long axis. under clinorotation appearance ... | 2008 | 17385414 |
| bcmf5, a pollen coat protein gene (pcp), from brassica rapa. ssp. chinensis, involved in the transcription of different lengths of 3'-utrs of pcps. | two transcript-derived fragments (genbank accession number dn237907.1 and dn237908.1) with high homology accumulated in the wild-type flower buds of chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l. ssp. chinensis makino) are isolated and investigated. by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race), the full length cdna of the two fragments were obtained. the alignment of their cdna sequence showed that they are identical except for differences in a few nucleotides and should belong to the same gene, namely, b rass ... | 2008 | 17676432 |
| a comparative study of flavonoid compounds, vitamin c, and antioxidant properties of baby leaf brassicaceae species. | a comparative study of antioxidant compounds, flavonoids and vitamin c, and also antioxidant activity was carried out in four species of brassicaceae vegetables used for salads: watercress ( nasturtium officinale r. br.), mizuna [ brassica rapa l. subsp. nipposinica (l.h. bailey) haneltand], wild rocket [ diplotaxis tenuifolia (l.) dc.], and salad rocket [ eruca vesicaria (l.) cav.]. the characterization of individual phenolic compounds by hplc-dad-ms/ms-esi in watercress and mizuna completes th ... | 2008 | 18321050 |
| inflorescences of brassicacea species as source of bioactive compounds: a comparative study. | two brassica oleracea varieties (b. oleracea l. var. costata dc and b. oleracea l. var. acephala) and brassica rapa l. var. rapa inflorescences were studied for their chemical composition and antioxidant capacity. phenolic compounds and organic acids profiles were determined by hplc-dad and hplc-uv, respectively. b. oleracea var. costata and b. oleracea l. var. acephala inflorescences presented a similar qualitative phenolic composition, exhibiting several complex kaempferol derivatives and 3-p- ... | 2008 | 26047285 |
| the pattern of amplification and differentiation of ty1-copia and ty3-gypsy retrotransposons in brassicaceae species. | one of the causes of genome size expansion is considered to be amplification of retrotransposons. we determined nucleotide sequences of 24 pcr products for each of six retrotransposons in brassica rapa and brassica oleracea. phylogenetic trees of these sequences showed species-specific clades. we also sequenced stf7a homologs and tto1 homologs, 24 pcr products each, in nine diploids and three allopolyploids, and constructed phylogenetic trees. in these phylogenetic trees, species-specific clades ... | 2008 | 18379130 |
| a naturally occurring splicing site mutation in the brassica rapa flc1 gene is associated with variation in flowering time. | flowering locus c (flc), encoding a mads-domain transcription factor in arabidopsis, is a repressor of flowering involved in the vernalization pathway. this provides a good reference for brassica species. genomes of brassica species contain several flc homologues and several of these colocalize with flowering-time qtl. here the analysis of sequence variation of brflc1 in brassica rapa and its association with the flowering-time phenotype is reported. the analysis revealed that a g-->a polymorphi ... | 2009 | 19190098 |
| determination of n+1 gamete transmission rate of trisomics and location of gene controlling 2n gamete formation in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa). | a set of trisomics of chinese cabbage was used for determining the n+1 gamete transmission rate and locating the gene controlling 2n gamete formation on the corresponding chromosome. the results showed that the transmission rates of extra chromosomes in different trisomics varied from 0% to 15.38% by male gametes and from 0% to 17.39% by female gametes. of the nine f(2) populations derived from the hybridizations between each trisomic and bp058 (2n gamete material), only tri-4xbp058 showed that ... | 2009 | 19166491 |
| targeted metabolite analysis and biological activity of pieris brassicae fed with brassica rapa var. rapa. | for the first time, an insect-plant system, pieris brassicae fed with brassica rapa var. rapa, was tested for its biological capacity, namely, antioxidant (dpph*, *no, and o(2)*- radicals) and antimicrobial (bacteria and fungi) activities. samples from the insect's life cycle (larvae, excrements, exuviae, and butterfly) were always found to be more efficient than the host plant. also, p. brassicae materials, as well as its host plant, were screened for phenolics and organic acids. the host plant ... | 2009 | 19115952 |
| map-based cloning and characterization of a gene controlling hairiness and seed coat color traits in brassica rapa. | a glabrous, yellow-seeded doubled haploid (dh) line and a hairy, black-seeded dh line in chinese cabbage (b. rapa) were used as parents to develop a dh line population that segregated for both hairiness and seed coat color traits. the data showed that both traits completely co-segregated each other, suggesting that one mendelian locus controlled both hairiness and seed coat color in this population. a fine genetic map was constructed and a snp marker that was located inside a brassica ortholog o ... | 2009 | 19039665 |
| [development of brassica rapa l. embryos under conditions of microgravity]. | results of comparative studies of the embryos of identical age formed under microgravity and ground laboratory control are presented. significant similarity of a rate of embryo development and degree of their differentiation in both variants has been shown. the single cases of the disturbances in embryo formation, and also a certain acceleration of endosperm development at the early stages of seed formation in microgravity are revealed. | 2009 | 19938622 |
| climate change alters reproductive isolation and potential gene flow in an annual plant. | climate change will likely cause evolution due not only to selection but also to changes in reproductive isolation within and among populations. we examined the effects of a natural drought on the timing of flowering in two populations of brassica rapa and the consequences for predicted reproductive isolation and potential gene flow. seeds were collected before and after a 5-year drought in southern california from two populations varying in soil moisture. lines derived from these seeds were rai ... | 2009 | 25567893 |
| genome-wide comparative analysis of the brassica rapa gene space reveals genome shrinkage and differential loss of duplicated genes after whole genome triplication. | brassica rapa is one of the most economically important vegetable crops worldwide. owing to its agronomic importance and phylogenetic position, b. rapa provides a crucial reference to understand polyploidy-related crop genome evolution. the high degree of sequence identity and remarkably conserved genome structure between arabidopsis and brassica genomes enables comparative tiling sequencing using arabidopsis sequences as references to select the counterpart regions in b. rapa, which is a strong ... | 2009 | 19821981 |
| a microsatellite (ssr) based linkage map of brassica rapa. | in the present study we describe the construction of a genetic linkage map for the brassica rapa (aa) genome that will act as a key resource in undertaking future structural and functional genomic studies in b. rapa. a f(2) mapping population consisting of 48 f(2) individual plants developed following hybridization of 2 inbred lines bathari mandi and ic 331817 was used to construct the map. the map comprises 53 ssr markers derived from 3 different public domain resources. nine linkage groups alo ... | 2009 | 19761878 |
| expression of brd1, a plant defensin from brassica rapa, confers resistance against brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) in transgenic rices. | plant defensins are small (5-10 kda) basic peptides thought to be an important component of the defense pathway against fungal and/or bacterial pathogens. to understand the role of plant defensins in protecting plants against the brown planthopper, a type of insect herbivore, we isolated the brassica rapa defensin 1 (brd1) gene and introduced it into rice (oryza sativa l.) to produce stable transgenic plants. the brd1 protein is homologous to other plant defensins and contains both an n-terminal ... | 2009 | 19714315 |
| transient expression of a foreign gene by direct incorporation of dna into intact plant tissue through vacuum infiltration. | we previously established a method to induce transient expression of foreign genes in intact plant tissue to detect the subcellular localization of proteins. here, we have inserted a putative bzip protein hy5 gene (seqid: eu386772), isolated from the seedlings of turnips brassica rapa l. subsp. rapa 'tsuda,' and a receptor-like kinase gene atrlk (seqid: ay531551.1), isolated from arabidopsis, into the plasmid pa7-gfp. we accomplished the direct incorporation of dna into onion epidermal tissue by ... | 2009 | 19618274 |
| genotypes of brassica rapa respond differently to plant-induced variation in air co2 concentration in growth chambers with standard and enhanced venting. | growth chambers allow measurement of phenotypic differences among genotypes under controlled environment conditions. however, unintended variation in growth chamber air co2 concentration ([co2]) may affect the expression of diverse phenotypic traits, and genotypes may differ in their response to variation in [co2]. we monitored [co2] and quantified phenotypic responses of 22 brassica rapa genotypes in growth chambers with either standard or enhanced venting. [co2] in chambers with standard venti ... | 2009 | 19603146 |
| [cdna-aflp analysis on transcripts associated with bolting in brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis]. | premature bolting, caused by low temperature in spring and summer cultivation in low land and high land respectively, leads to reduction of the yield and quality of the harvested products in chinese cabbage. therefore, exploring genes involved in vernalization response is important to the improvement of chinese cabbage varieties. here, one extremely early bolting line (dh-54) and one extremely late bolting line (dh-43) were employed, and the cdna-aflp approach was used to identify key components ... | 2009 | 19586882 |
| ssr and scar mapping of a multiple-allele male-sterile gene in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l.). | the genic multiple-allele inherited male-sterile gene ms in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l.) was identified as a spontaneous mutation. applying this gene to hybrid seed production, several b. rapa cultivars have been successfully bred in china. a bc(1) population (244 plants) was constructed for mapping the ms gene. screening 268 simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers which cover the entire genome of chinese cabbage was performed with bulked segregant analysis (bsa). on the basis of linkage anal ... | 2009 | 19436990 |
| formation of green-blue compounds in brassica rapa root by high pressure processing and subsequent storage. | the effect of high pressure treatment on biochemical changes during storage was investigated using brassica rapa root. high pressure treated samples with 400 and 600 mpa formed unique green-blue color during 7-d storage at 4 degrees c. the mechanism of green-blue compound formation would be based on biochemical pathway for a unique green-blue pigment synthesis, containing o2-dependent steps and possibly enzymatic reactions. | 2009 | 19352022 |
| 5 alpha-reductase and aromatase inhibitory constituents from brassica rapa l. pollen. | in the screening of biologically active constituents from brassica rapa pollen, the supercritical co(2) fluid extract (sfe-co(2)) showed potent 5 alpha-reductase and aromatase inhibiting activity. the sfe-co(2) extract was separated by various chromatographic methods to give two new phytosterol derivatives, 24-methylenecholesterol linolenate (1) and cycloeucalenol linolenate (2), as well as eight known compounds, 24-methylenecholesterol palmitate (3), cycloeucalenol (4), pollinastanol (5), 24-me ... | 2009 | 19336936 |
| chromosome elimination, addition and introgression in intertribal partial hybrids between brassica rapa and isatis indigotica. | partial hybrids with female-parent-type phenotypes and chromosome numbers but altered genomic compositions have been reported in wide crosses of several plants. in order to introgress desirable genes from a wild relative, isatis indigotica (a dye and medicinal plant; 2n = 14), into brassica crops, intertribal sexual hybridizations were carried out with b. rapa (2n = 20), and the resulting hybrids and their progenies were characterized. | 2009 | 19258339 |
| growth inhibition in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa var. chinensis) growth exposed to di-n-butyl phthalate. | the toxicity and effects of di-n-butyl phthalate (dbp), an endocrine disruptor, on the growth of chinese cabbage (brassica rapa var. chinensis) were studied. etiolation occurred on leaves of chinese cabbage plant treated with 50mg/l of dbp for 42 d. dbp even below 1mg/l had a significant effect on the concentration of chlorophyll in chinese cabbage and the biomass showed a severe decrease under treatment with more than 30 mg/l of dbp. at a concentration below 1mg/l of dbp, no significant differe ... | 2009 | 18678443 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of the dicer-like 2 gene from brassica rapa. | dicer-like proteins (dcls) are involved in small rna-mediated development and viral defense in plants. in model plants, at least four dcls have been found and a number of studies have helped to understand their function. however, the function of the dicer or dcls in other plants is still unclear. here, we report the full-length cdna sequence of brassica rapa ssp. chinensis dcl2 (brdcl2) gene, which contains a 4,179 bp open reading frame (orf) encoding a protein of 1,392 amino acids. at the 3' en ... | 2009 | 18607769 |
| toxicity of perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid to plants and aquatic invertebrates. | acute toxicities of perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) and perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa) were tested on four freshwater species and three plant species. pfos was more toxic than pfoa for all species tested in this study. similar time-response patterns of pfos and pfoa toxicity were observed for each tested species. values of the 48-h lc(50) of pfos for all test species ranged from 27 to 233 mg/l and values of the 96-h lc(50) for three of the species ranged from 10 to 178 mg/l. values of the 48-h l ... | 2009 | 18461560 |
| genetic load and transgenic mitigating genes in transgenic brassica rapa (field mustard) x brassica napus (oilseed rape) hybrid populations. | one theoretical explanation for the relatively poor performance of brassica rapa (weed) x brassica napus (crop) transgenic hybrids suggests that hybridization imparts a negative genetic load. consequently, in hybrids genetic load could overshadow any benefits of fitness enhancing transgenes and become the limiting factor in transgenic hybrid persistence. two types of genetic load were analyzed in this study: random/linkage-derived genetic load, and directly incorporated genetic load using a tran ... | 2009 | 19878583 |
| physical localization and genetic mapping of the fertility restoration gene rfo in canola (brassica napus l.). | the ogu cytoplasm for male sterility and its fertility restorer gene rfo in canola (brassica napus l.) were originally introgressed from radish (raphanus sativus l.) and have been widely used for canola hybrid production and breeding. the objective of this study was to determine the physical location of the rfo locus in the canola genome using fluorescence in situ hybridization and genetic mapping. for physical localization of the rfo gene, two bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clones, g62 a ... | 2009 | 19370095 |
| gene transferability from transgenic brassica napus l. to various subspecies and varieties of brassica rapa. | gene transferability from transgenic rapeseed to various subspecies and varieties of brassica rapa was assessed in this study. artificial crossability was studied in 118 cultivars of 7 b. rapa subspecies and varieties with the transgenic rapeseed gt73 (brassica napus) as the pollen donor. on average 5.7 seeds were obtained per pollination, with a range from 0.05 to 19.4. the heading type of b. rapa l. showed significantly higher crossability than non-heading types of b. rapa. the spontaneous out ... | 2009 | 19357986 |
| differential expression of duplicated peroxidase genes in the allotetraploid brassica napus. | gene redundancy due to polyploidization provides a selective advantage for plant adaptation. we examined the expression patterns of two peroxidase genes (bnpox1 and bnpox2) in the natural allotetraploid brassica napus and the model diploid progenitors brassica rapa (br) and brassica oleracea (bo) in response to the fungal pathogen sclerotinia sclerotiorum. we demonstrated that the bo homeolog of bnpox1 was up-regulated after infection, while both bnpox2 homeologs were down-regulated. a bias towa ... | 2009 | 19345111 |
| quantifying the introgressive hybridisation propensity between transgenic oilseed rape and its wild/weedy relatives. | in order to estimate the introgressive hybridisation propensity (ihp) between genetically modified (gm) oilseed rape (brassica napus) and certain of its cross-compatible wild/weedy relatives at the landscape level, a conceptual approach was developed. a gene flow index was established enclosing the successive steps to successfully achieve introgressive hybridisation: wild/weedy relatives and oilseed rape should co-occur, have overlapping flowering periods, be compatible, produce viable and ferti ... | 2009 | 18253849 |
| complexity of genome evolution by segmental rearrangement in brassica rapa revealed by sequence-level analysis. | the brassica species, related to arabidopsis thaliana, include an important group of crops and represent an excellent system for studying the evolutionary consequences of polyploidy. previous studies have led to a proposed structure for an ancestral karyotype and models for the evolution of the b. rapa genome by triplication and segmental rearrangement, but these have not been validated at the sequence level. | 2009 | 19922648 |
| a brassica rapa linkage map of est-based snp markers for identification of candidate genes controlling flowering time and leaf morphological traits. | for identification of genes responsible for varietal differences in flowering time and leaf morphological traits, we constructed a linkage map of brassica rapa dna markers including 170 est-based markers, 12 ssr markers, and 59 bac sequence-based markers, of which 151 are single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers. by blastn, 223 markers were shown to have homologous regions in arabidopsis thaliana, and these homologous loci covered nearly the whole genome of a. thaliana. synteny analysis betw ... | 2009 | 19884167 |
| development of public immortal mapping populations, molecular markers and linkage maps for rapid cycling brassica rapa and b. oleracea. | publicly available genomic tools help researchers integrate information and make new discoveries. in this paper, we describe the development of immortal mapping populations of rapid cycling, self-compatible lines, molecular markers, and linkage maps for brassica rapa and b. oleracea and make the data and germplasm available to the brassica research community. the b. rapa population consists of 160 recombinant inbred (ri) lines derived from the cross of highly inbred lines of rapid cycling and ye ... | 2009 | 19784615 |
| sequenced bac anchored reference genetic map that reconciles the ten individual chromosomes of brassica rapa. | in view of the immense value of brassica rapa in the fields of agriculture and molecular biology, the multinational brassica rapa genome sequencing project (brgsp) was launched in 2003 by five countries. the developing brgsp has valuable resources for the community, including a reference genetic map and seed bac sequences. although the initial b. rapa linkage map served as a reference for the brgsp, there was ambiguity in reconciling the linkage groups with the ten chromosomes of b. rapa. conseq ... | 2009 | 19751531 |
| hypergravity prevents seed production in arabidopsis by disrupting pollen tube growth. | how tightly land plants are adapted to the gravitational force (g) prevailing on earth has been of interest because unlike many other environmental factors, g presents as a constant force. ontogeny of mature angiosperms begins with an embryo that is formed after tip growth by a pollen tube delivers the sperm nucleus to the egg. because of the importance to plant fitness, we have investigated how gravity affects these early stages of reproductive development. arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. plan ... | 2009 | 19649651 |
| a newly-developed community microarray resource for transcriptome profiling in brassica species enables the confirmation of brassica-specific expressed sequences. | the brassica species include an important group of crops and provide opportunities for studying the evolutionary consequences of polyploidy. they are related to arabidopsis thaliana, for which the first complete plant genome sequence was obtained and their genomes show extensive, although imperfect, conserved synteny with that of a. thaliana. a large number of est sequences, derived from a range of different brassica species, are available in the public database, but no public microarray resourc ... | 2009 | 19426481 |
| gravity control of growth form in brassica rapa and arabidopsis thaliana (brassicaceae): consequences for secondary metabolism. | how gravity influences the growth form and flavor components of plants is of interest to the space program because plants could be used for food and life support during prolonged missions away from the planet, where that constant feature of earth's environment does not prevail. we used plant growth hardware from prior experiments on the space shuttle to grow brassica rapa and arabidopsis thaliana plants during 16-d or 11-d hypergravity treatments on large-diameter centrifuge rotors. both species ... | 2009 | 21628221 |