Publications

isolation and characterization of an ehrlichia sp. from a patient diagnosed with human ehrlichiosis.	a new disease was recognized in the united states in 1986. the etiologic agent, although not previously isolated from a human, appeared to be serologically related to ehrlichia canis, a canine leukotropic rickettsia. we obtained blood specimens from 27 febrile patients with a history of tick exposure. leukocytes from 24 patients not treated with tetracycline were placed onto a monolayer of dh82 cells. we performed indirect immunofluorescence on sera from all 27 febrile patients as well as sera f ...	1991	1757543
rickettsiae and borrelia burgdorferi in ixodid ticks.	nymphs and adults of hard-bodied ticks were collected in connecticut and tested by direct and indirect immunofluorescence staining methods for rickettsiae and borrelia burgdorferi. of the 609 ixodes dammini ticks examined, 59 (9.7%) harbored rickettsialike microorganisms in hemocytes (blood cells). these bacteria reacted with fluorescein-conjugated antiserum to ehrlichia canis, the etiologic agent of with fluorescein-conjugated antiserum to ehrlichia canis, the etiologic agent of canine ehrlichi ...	1991	1757551
ehrlichia chaffeensis, a new species associated with human ehrlichiosis.	the bacterial 16s rrna genes from blood samples of two patients with human ehrlichiosis and from an isolate recovered from one of the patients were amplified by using the polymerase chain reaction. the amplimers were then cloned and sequenced. the 16s rrna gene sequence was also determined for ehrlichia canis (two strains), e. equi, e. phagocytophila (two strains), and e. sennetsu (two strains). these sequences, along with a previously published 16s rrna gene sequence of e. risticii, were compar ...	1991	1757557
development of an in vitro microtest to assess drug susceptibility of babesia bovis and babesia bigemina.	continuous cultivation of the bovine hemoparasites babesia bovis and babesia bigemina was developed as an in vitro microtest to assess parasite susceptibility to babesicidal compounds. reproducibility of parasite multiplication rates was independent of culture size, making it possible to use a microscale of 100 microliters for each test sample. inhibitory concentrations (ic50s) of a commonly used babesicide, quinuronium sulfate, evaluated by this in vitro method were found to be 5 x 10(-8) g/ml ...	1991	1779305
candida albicans-specific ly-2+ lymphocytes with cytolytic activity.	to determine whether antigen (ag)-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes are generated during experimental candida albicans infection, purified l3t4+ and ly-2+ lymphocytes from immunized mice were cultured in the presence of syngeneic accessory cells, c. albicans ag, and interleukin 2. yeast-infected bone marrow macrophages were used as target cells in a standard 51cr-release assay. freshly isolated l3t4+ and ly-2+ lymphocytes failed to lyse either target cell type. however, ag-specific, major histoco ...	1991	1828430
candida albicans-specific ly-2+ lymphocytes with cytolytic activity.	to determine whether antigen (ag)-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes are generated during experimental candida albicans infection, purified l3t4+ and ly-2+ lymphocytes from immunized mice were cultured in the presence of syngeneic accessory cells, c. albicans ag, and interleukin 2. yeast-infected bone marrow macrophages were used as target cells in a standard 51cr-release assay. freshly isolated l3t4+ and ly-2+ lymphocytes failed to lyse either target cell type. however, ag-specific, major histoco ...	1991	1828430
altered coupling states between calcium transport and (ca2+, mg2+)-atpase in the as-30d ascites hepatocarcinoma plasma membrane.	plasma membrane fractions from normal, regenerating liver and the as-30d ascites hepatocarcinoma exhibited a high degree of enrichment when a set of plasma membrane enzyme markers were studied in comparison to the ones associated to the mitochondrial and cytosolic compartments. while the (ca2+, mg2+)-atpase observed for the plasma membrane fraction isolated from normal liver showed an activity of 1.2 mumoles/mg/min, the regenerating liver and the as-30d plasma membrane fractions presented a much ...	1991	1828860
lovastatin inhibits gallstone formation in the cholesterol-fed prairie dog.	the efficacy of lovastatin, an inhibitor of hepatic cholesterol synthesis in the prevention of cholesterol gallstone formation, was evaluated in the prairie dog model. two groups of animals were maintained on either nonlithogenic or 1.2% cholesterol-enriched chow for 21 days. seven of the animals in each group received lovastatin, and the remaining six received only distilled water. all of the cholesterol-fed/water-treated animals had crystals and 83% had gallstones, but none of the cholesterol- ...	1991	1867522
the tribe ehrlichieae and ehrlichial diseases.	the tribe ehrlichieae consists of gram-negative minute cocci that are obligate intracellular parasites classified in the family rickettsiaceae. although ehrlichial organisms have been observed in leukocytes for many years, only a few species have been cultured in quantities sufficient for biochemical and molecular analyses. recents studies on 16s-rrna sequence analysis and energy metabolism showed that the genus ehrlichia is closely related to the genus rickettsia. there is, however, no antigeni ...	1991	1889044
neurologic manifestations of trypanosomiasis in a dog.	a 13-month-old doberman pinscher was evaluated because of slowly progressive paraparesis and signs of depression. the dog had temporal, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus muscle atrophy, bilateral enophthalmos, superficial inguinal lymphadenopathy, tachycardia with pulse deficits, and lesions of active and inactive chorioretinitis. neurologic abnormalities included hyperreflexic patellar reflexes, lack of conscious proprioception, signs of superficial pain in the hind limbs, and depressed hopping ...	1991	1899857
[carbonic anhydrase iii--a marker of the myoepithelial cells of human salivary glands].	carbonic anhydrase iii (caiii) is the isoenzyme purified from the human skeletal slow muscle immunohistochemically revealed in smooth muscle cells of uterus, myoepithelial cells of salivary, lactiferous and prostatic glands of man. immunohistochemical determination of caiii is a useful approach to correct the identification of myoepithelial cells in human salivary glands.	1991	1905166
[autosomal recessive oculopharyngeal "muscular dystrophy"--clinical features and association with reduced activity of myophosphorylase].	we reported two cases of brothers demonstrating oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (opmd). the cases had consanguineous parents and five healthy siblings, which suggested the autosomal recessive inheritance. the initial symptom was slowly progressive blepharoptosis with onset in the third decade. on examination, total external ophthalmoplegia was observed in both patients. additionally, the elder, a 57-year-old man, exhibited dysarthria, dysphagia and muscular weakness with atrophy of the face, ...	1991	1914322
canine ehrlichiosis in six dogs with persistently increased antibody titers.	chronic ehrlichiosis was diagnosed in six dogs on the basis of increased immunofluorescent antibody titers to ehrlichia canis. although clinical signs varied, all six dogs were anemic, hyperglobulinemic, and an igg monoclonal gammopathy was documented in five dogs in which serum protein electrophoreses were performed. all dogs were treated with tetracycline for at least 14 days; four dogs also received immunosuppressive drugs. clinical signs resolved within 1 week, hematologic abnormalities reso ...	1991	1920256
antigenic analysis of four species of the genus ehrlichia by use of protein immunoblot.	the antigenic profile of ehrlichia canis, e risticii, e sennetsu, and e equi was investigated by the use of protein (western) immunoblot technique. results of analysis of serum from acutely and chronically infected animals indicated that the 4 ehrlichia species share a unique 25-kd polypeptide in addition to other peptides. immune sera from dogs inoculated with e canis recognized a wide range of e canis polypeptide antigens, as determined by western blot analysis. a larger number of e sennetsu p ...	1991	1928904
hemophagocytic syndrome: a cause of pancytopenia in human ehrlichiosis.	a 67-year-old white man with human ehrlichiosis infection complicated by pancytopenia, hemophagocytic syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and septic shock is presented. the patient had been on a three-week camping trip to california, colorado, utah, and new mexico. the diagnosis of human ehrlichiosis was confirmed by sixteen-fold rise in antibody titer to ehrlichia canis, and supported by the characteristic cytoplasmic inclusions. human ehrlichiosis should be considered in the diff ...	1991	1951324
evaluation of rhipicephalus sanguineus as a potential biologic vector of ehrlichia platys.	the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae), transmits several diseases among dogs including ehrlichia canis infection. the role of rhipicephalus sanguineus as a biologic vector for e platys, the rickettsial agent of infectious canine cyclic thrombocytopenia, was studied in dogs. laboratory-cultured, pathogen-free nymph ticks were fed to repletion on dogs acutely infected with e platys. tick engorgement coincided with the development of initial parasitemia and thrombocytopenia ...	1991	1952347
serologic diagnosis of human ehrlichiosis using two ehrlichia canis isolates.	ehrlichia canis or a closely related rickettsial organism has been implicated serologically and morphologically as the causative agent of human ehrlichiosis in the united states. although e. canis has been serially propagated in primary canine monocytes, only a limited quantity of antigen is obtained by this method. a continuous canine macrophage cell line, dh82, supports the growth of a new isolate of e. canis established from the whole blood of a carrier dog in oklahoma. serologic comparison o ...	1991	1995730
ehrlichial diseases of dogs.	ehrlichial diseases of dogs currently are recognized to be caused by ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia platys, ehrlichia equi, and ehrlichia risticii. information on each disease's history, transmission, pathogenesis, clinicopathologic findings, diagnosis, therapy, and prevention is presented in this article. ehrlichia canis is the most common cause of clinical illness. case reports are included to illustrate common presentations of ehrlichia canis infections.	1991	2014630
serological evaluation of ehrlichia canis infections in military dogs in africa and reunion island.	sixty-eight dogs from four african countries and reunion island were tested for antibodies against ehrlichia canis. twenty-six dogs (50%) in tunisia, senegal and chad were found positive using the indirect fluorescence antibody test. dogs from both the central african republic and reunion island were all negative. thus, this preliminary report confirms the presence of e. canis in africa. larger studies will be necessary to evaluate the current epidemiologic situation of canine ehrlichiosis in th ...	1991	2024432
[human infection by ehrlichia canis in spain?].		1991	2041392
antiarrhythmic properties of benzyl-triamterene derivatives in the coronary artery ligated and reperfused rat.	triamterene (cas 396-01-0) and a series of benzyl-triamterene derivatives were evaluated for their antiarrhythmic properties in the coronary artery ligated and reperfused (cal-r) rat. the effects were compared with the antiarrhythmic activity of the potassium sparing diuretic amiloride and drugs out of the class-i (lidocaine) and class-iii (amiodarone and sotalol). triamterene and sotalol revealed at high doses antifibrillator activity, while the benzyl-triamterenes 2, 3, 5 and 6 could also depr ...	1991	2043173
ehrlichiosis.	ehrlichiae are tick-borne rickettsial organisms that are well known as veterinary pathogens. however, since 1986, over 100 cases of human infection by ehrlichia canis or a closely related species have been identified primarily in the southeastern and south central united states. human ehrlichiosis is characterized by high fever, rigors, headache, myalgia, anorexia, and, sometimes, gastrointestinal complaints. rash occurs in a minority of cases. commonly observed laboratory abnormalities include ...	1991	2051014
[canine ehrlichiosis in senegal: human and canine seroepidemiological survey in dakar].	since 1986, several cases of human ehrlichiosis due to ehrlichia canis have been reported in the u.s.a. suspecting a pathology transmissible from dog to man the authors conducted an epidemiologic survey in an ehrlichiosis zone in senegal on a population of 42 men and 66 dogs. in 1987, this rickettsiosis accounted for the deaths of a good half of the military dogs stationed in dakar. yet two years after implementing a prophylactic policy the seroprevalence rate in the kennel dropped from 53% to 1 ...	1991	2072850
human pathogenicity of ehrlichia canis.		1991	1674051
the dental team. hygienist hotline.		1991	270436
plan now to ease the pain of tax decay.		1991	270425
care of patient with stroke. role of primary physician.		1992	265010
ehrlichia canis infection in a child in south carolina.		1992	1319878
phylogenetic position of cowdria ruminantium (rickettsiales) determined by analysis of amplified 16s ribosomal dna sequences.	the 16s ribosomal dna sequence of cowdria ruminantium, the causative agent of heartwater disease in ruminants, was determined. an analysis of this sequence showed that c. ruminantium forms a tight phylogenetic cluster with the canine pathogen ehrlichia canis and the human pathogen ehrlichia chaffeensis. although a close relationship between the genus cowdria and several members of the tribe ehrlichieae has been suspected previously, the tight phylogenetic cluster with e. canis and e. chaffeensis ...	1992	1380292
chronic diarrhoea due to strongyloidiasis in a nigerian with chronic renal failure: a case report.	a case of chronic diarrhoea due to infection with strongyloides stercoralis in a nigerian patient with chronic renal failure is presented. due to the potential for fatal outcome in this infection, strongyloidiasis should be kept in mind as a cause of chronic diarrhoea in chronic renal failure patients in endemic areas.	1992	1404562
combined effects of ethanol and protein deficiency on hepatic iron, zinc, manganese, and copper contents.	the present study has been performed in order to establish the relative and combined roles of ethanol and malnutrition on liver fe, zn, cu, and mn alterations in alcoholic male adult wistar rats, and also the relationships between these alterations and histomorphometrically determined hepatocyte and nuclear areas, perivenular fibrotic rim area, and total amount of fat present in the liver. four groups of 8 animals each were fed: (1) a nutritionally adequate diet (c); (2) a 36% ethanol-containing ...	1992	1418656
investigation of glomerular lesions in dogs with acute experimentally induced ehrlichia canis infection.	six male beagles were inoculated with ehrlichia canis. transient proteinuria was confirmed during the acute phase of infection by serial determination of urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio. peak urine protein loss, consisting principally of albumin, was observed 2.5 to 3.5 weeks after inoculation. renal biopsy specimens were obtained before inoculation, during peak proteinuria, and 10 weeks after inoculation when proteinuria had resolved. renal tissue was evaluated by use of light, immunofluore ...	1992	1476309
characterization of disulfide-linked heterodimers containing apolipoprotein d in human plasma lipoproteins.	human plasma apolipoprotein (apo) d is a glycoprotein with an apparent molecular weight of 29,000 m(r). it is present, mainly, in high density lipoproteins (hdl) and very high density lipoproteins (vhdl). western blot analysis of hdl and vhdl using rabbit antibodies to human apod revealed major immunoreactive bands at 29,000 and 38,000 m(r), with minor bands ranging from 50,000 to and 80,000 m(r). only the 29,000 m(r) band corresponding to apod remained when the electrophoresis was conducted und ...	1992	1479288
evaluation of granulocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs of missouri, including serologic status to ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia equi and borrelia burgdorferi.	canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis was diagnosed in 37 dogs by finding ehrlichial morulae in 0.1 to 26.2% of their blood neutrophils and eosinophils. all 37 dogs had clinical signs of arthritis or muscular stiffness. titer to ehrlichia canis was determined in sera from 31 of the 37 dogs; 25 dogs had titer ranging from 1:20 to 1:5,120. in the other 6 dogs, titer to e canis was less than 1:10. the most common hematologic abnormality in these dogs, other than rickettsiemia, was thrombocytopenia. gran ...	1992	1539918
ehrlichia ewingii sp. nov., the etiologic agent of canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis.	the 16s rrna gene was amplified, cloned, and sequenced from the blood of two dogs that were experimentally infected with the etiologic agent of canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis. the 16s rrna sequence was found to be unique when it was compared with the sequences of other members of the genus ehrlichia. the most closely related species were ehrlichia canis (98.0% related) and the human ehrlichiosis agent (ehrlichia chaffeensis) (98.1% related); all other species in the genus were found to be phyl ...	1992	1581189
antigenic characterization of ehrlichiae: protein immunoblotting of ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia sennetsu, and ehrlichia risticii.	in recent years a febrile illness apparently associated with tick bite in patients in the united states has been attributed to infection by an ehrlichia species. this implication is based on serologic responses to e. canis, morphologic demonstration of ehrlichiae in clinical materials, and a single isolate distinct from e. canis which was obtained from a human patient by the centers for disease control. little is known about the antigens of the ehrlichiae. this report expands the breadth of avai ...	1992	1583101
investigation of renal protein loss in dogs with acute experimentally induced ehrlichia canis infection.	urinary protein-to-creatinine ratios and serum albumin concentrations were measured in 8 adult male dogs experimentally inoculated with ehrlichia canis. urinary protein concentration increased significantly, but transiently, during the acute phase of infection. urinary protein-to-creatinine ratios were highest (mean, 8.6) during the third and fourth weeks after infection, and decreased to less than 0.5 by 6 weeks after infection. correspondingly, albumin concentration decreased significantly dur ...	1992	1595954
infection due to ehrlichia canis in children.	human ehrlichiosis has a wide spectrum of presentation. this report presents two cases that demonstrate the diversity of the manifestation of ehrlichiosis, from life threatening to a mild viral-like illness. diagnosis requires an understanding of the epidemiology and clinical manifestation of this infection and a high index of suspicion.	1992	1631682
analyses of ehrlichia canis and a canine granulocytic ehrlichia infection.	ehrlichia canis and canine granulocytic ehrlichia sp. (cge) infect canine monocytes and granulocytes, respectively. e. canis has been cultured in vitro and used to develop an immunofluorescence assay. cge has not been cultured, and a serologic assay is not available. the sera of dogs infected with cge were reported to react with e. canis by immunofluorescence. in this study, the temporal response of immunoglobulin g (igg) was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with purifi ...	1992	1734046
antigenic and genomic relatedness among ehrlichia risticii, ehrlichia sennetsu, and ehrlichia canis.	antigenic and genomic relatedness among ehrlichia risticii, e. sennetsu, and e. canis was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting (immunoblotting) and dna-dna hybridization. e. risticii and e. sennetsu were serologically related, and their western blot antigen profiles were nearly identical. two antigens of e. sennetsu corresponding to the 28- and 51-kda antigens of e. risticii were apparently larger than the e. risticii antigens, and the 55-kda antigen of e. risticii app ...	1992	1736961
detection of ehrlichia chaffeensis in human tissue by using a species-specific monoclonal antibody.	a mouse monoclonal antibody (mab 1a9) was produced and used in detection of ehrlichia chaffeensis in human tissues including kidney, liver, and lung by using an indirect immunohistologic stain. mab 1a9 was specific to e. chaffeensis and did not react with other bacteria, including ehrlichia canis, which is the organism most closely related to e. chaffeensis. it reacted with an epitope present in two surface proteins of e. chaffeensis with molecular masses of 29 and 27 kda. e. chaffeensis was eas ...	1993	7508458
a rickettsia-like organism from ixodes uriae ticks collected on the kerguelen islands (french subantarctic territories).	a rickettsia-like microorganism was isolated in suckling mice from ixodes uriae ticks collected from penguins breeding on mayes island, kerguelen archipelago, french subantarctic territories. at isolation, this agent mimicked a tick-borne arbovirus. finally, electron microscopy studies of infected suckling mouse livers showed the presence of inclusions filled with pleomorphic microorganism in the cytoplasm of some hepatocytes, sometimes dividing by binary fission and thus of obviously non-viral ...	1993	8105647
western blot and indirect fluorescent antibody testing for antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis in sera from apparently healthy dogs in zimbabwe.	sera were collected from apparently healthy dogs in 3 major centres in zimbabwe to establish the prevalence of antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis by indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) testing at titres of 1/20 or greater. the overall seroprevalence was 42% (39/93) with dogs from mutare (40%) and harare (33%) having similar rates which were lower than those for bulawayo (68%). the majority of the ifa positive dogs from harare (67%) had no haematological or biochemical evidence of canine eh ...	1993	8176682
infections with babesia canis and ehrlichia canis in dogs in zimbabwe.	of 105 dogs examined at a veterinary hospital in harare, zimbabwe, 52 per cent had antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis in indirect fluorescent antibody tests, 26 per cent had babesia canis parasites in peripheral blood smears and 17 per cent had both infections. none of the dogs with serological evidence of ehrlichiosis had typical e canis morulae detectable in blood smears. the infections were regarded as incidental findings not readily related to the reasons for examination in 46 per cent ...	1993	8236678
serologic evidence of canine and equine ehrlichiosis in northeastern united states.	in a retrospective study, indirect fluorescent-antibody staining methods were used to detect immunoglobulins to ehrlichia canis and ehrlichia risticii in canine and equine sera that had originally been analyzed for antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi. analyses of 60 dog serum specimens collected in connecticut and new york state during 1986 revealed antibodies to e. canis in 7 (11.7%) specimens; titration endpoints ranged from 1:40 to 1:320. three of these dogs had anemia. of the 187 equine serum ...	1993	8263167
characterization of ehrlichial organisms isolated from a wild mouse.	an infectious agent was isolated from the enlarged spleen of a wild mouse, eothenomys kageus, by intraperitoneal inoculation of the spleen homogenate into laboratory mice. the laboratory mice developed splenomegaly, and the agent was maintained by serial passage of spleen homogenates in laboratory mice. the agent in the spleen homogenate was inactivated after incubation at 37 or 50 degrees c. tetracyclines were effective in preventing infection of mice with this agent, but penicillin and sulfona ...	1993	8380184
aggressive juvenile fibromatosis involving the mandible: surgical excision with immediate reconstruction.	aggressive juvenile fibromatosis involving the facial bones is rare, difficult to diagnose clinically, histologically confusing, and requires aggressive surgical treatment. only four cases involving the mandible have been previously reported. a review of the literature is presented here in conjunction with a case report of this rare tumor.	1993	266144
genetic analysis of lines selected for wing vibration in drosophila melanogaster.	selection for the wing vibration component of courtship in the oregon-r stock of d. melanogaster was practiced for 44 generations. selection was successful, indicating that there is genetic variation for the trait in the oregon-r stock. the mean realized heritability of the trait, based on the first 11 generations of selection, was 15%. biometrical analysis showed that there is some additive genetic variance for the trait with the possibility of some ambidirectional dominance. no maternal effect ...	1993	262627
polymeric collagen fibrils. an example of substrate-mediated steric obstruction of enzymic digestion.	polymeric collagen fibrils have been reacted with fluorescein and rhodamine isothiocyanates to produce fluorescent dye-labelled fibrils, containing seven dye substituents per molecule of tropocollagen within the polymeric collagen fibrils. two dye-labelled peptides per molecule of tropocollagen were solubilised by trypsin (ec 3.4.21.4) from the telopeptide regions and four dye-labelled peptides were located in the helical regions solubilised by bacterial collagenase (ec 3.4.24.3). the solubilisa ...	1994	186122
hard truths mean no soft options.		1994	263754
nursing--an international perspective.		1994	263749
[birth rate, infant mortality and maternal mortality. chile 1964-77].		1994	262990
application of the polymerase chain reaction for the detection of ehrlichia canis in tissues of dogs.	doxycycline treatment resulted in a carrier status in 3 dogs and complete clearance of ehrlichia canis in 2 dogs (iqbal and rikihisa, 1994). using specimens obtained during that study applicability of polymerase chain reactions (pcrs) in detecting e. canis dna in tissue specimens and correlation of pcr results with our previous cell culture isolation results were evaluated. pcrs using a pair of primers specific to e. canis 16srrna gene sequence were used to detect dna of e. canis in tissues of 5 ...	1994	9133053
cytopathic effect, plaque formation, and lysis of ehrlichia chaffeensis grown on continuous cell lines.	ehrlichiae are strict intracellular bacterial pathogens that parasitize leukocytes or other blood cells. only six agents of the tribe ehrlichieae, namely, cowdria ruminantium, neorickettsia helminthoeca, ehrlichia risticii, ehrlichia sennetsu, ehrlichia canis, and ehrlichia chaffeensis, have been adapted to growth in continuous cell lines. e. chaffeensis, the agent of human ehrlichiosis, has been cultured only in a cell line of canine origin. we adapted purified cell-free e. chaffeensis for grow ...	1994	8300201
serological evidence for antigenic relationships between ehrlichia canis and cowdria ruminantium.	the sera from dogs experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis reacted at very similar titres in indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) tests with e canis and cowdria ruminantium antigen. in western blots these sera reacted strongly with the immunodominant antigens of e canis (27 kda) and c ruminantium (25 and 32 kda). the dogs experimentally infected with c ruminantium showed no clinical evidence of infection, though the presence of organisms in the blood was demonstrable, for up to two weeks aft ...	1994	8191006
cultural, molecular, and immunological characterization of the etiologic agent for atypical canine ehrlichiosis.	more than 100 cases of canine ehrlichiosis, with three fatalities, were serologically negative by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) test with ehrlichia canis or e. sennetsu antigen but were reactive at titers of 10 to 640 with e. risticii. ehrlichia-like agents were isolated from three such cases. the agents isolated from those cases were morphologically indistinguishable from each other and from a prototype, e. risticii, the etiologic agent of equine monocytic ehrlichiosis, in terms ...	1994	8126175
human ehrlichiosis in the united states, 1985 to 1990.	to describe the epidemiology, clinical features, laboratory manifestations, response to therapy, and factors related to morbidity and mortality in a large group of patients with ehrlichiosis.	1994	8147546
serologic survey of selected canine pathogens among free-ranging jackals in kenya.	serum samples from 76 free-ranging adult jackals of three species from four localities in kenya were examined for circulating antibodies against four canine pathogens: rabies virus, canine parvovirus (cpv-2), canine distemper virus (cdv), and ehrlichia canis. samples were collected between april 1987 and january 1988. among black-backed jackals (canis mesomelas), the most sampled species, the mean prevalence of antibodies to cpv-2, cdv, rabies virus, and e. canis was 34% (14 positive/55 sampled) ...	1994	7760476
[canine ehrlichiosis in tunisia. seroepidemiological survey].	the seroprevalence of ehrlichiosis was investigated in 1,216 dogs from eight administrative areas in five regions with different climates. in and around tunis, where the animals receive satisfactory care, the average prevalence is 49%, but it ranges from 75 to 85% in the other regions of the interior. the authors underline the importance of this disease and describe the conditions which favour its transmission. they also note that the high percentage of asymptomatic carriers provides further pro ...	1994	7709025
granulocytic ehrlichiosis and meningitis in a dog.	a 4-year-old male mixed-breed dog from the sierra nevada mountains in california was referred because of epistaxis and signs of cervical pain. dermacentor variabilis ticks were found on the dog at the time of physical examination. clinicopathologic abnormalities included nonregenerative anemia, thrombocytopenia, and rare intracytoplasmic morulae within circulating neutrophils. abnormalities of the csf included pleocytosis and intracytoplasmic morulae in approximately 9% of neutrophils. serum ant ...	1994	7730122
[human ehrlichiosis. review].	human ehrlichiosis is a newly recognized tick-borne disease. since 1935 ehrlichia canis has been known as a cause of illness in dogs and other canine species, and for a few years it was related with human disease. in 1990, ehrlichia chaffeensis was isolated from a man suspected of having ehrlichiosis. partial sequencing of the rrnas from the human isolate and e. canis, indicated that they are 98.7% related. more recently (may 1994) an "human granulocytic ehrlichiosis" have been reported in usa. ...	1994	7734523
further evidence for the efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate in the treatment of ehrlichia canis infection.	three dogs experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis developed thrombocytopaenia and high antibody titres to e. canis in indirect fluorescent antibody tests. one dog also became leukopaenic. at weeks 6 and 8 post-infection, the dogs were treated with imidocarb dipropionate (5 mg kg-1 subcutaneously) and a further dose was administered at week 12 (5 mg kg-1 intramuscularly). twelve weeks after the last treatment (post-treatment), all dogs had normal platelet counts which persisted for a furthe ...	1994	7595915
systemic phaeohyphomycosis caused by xylohypha bantiana in a dog.	an 8-year-old, maltese-cross bitch presented with chronic neck and back pain and an acute onset of circling, hyperaesthesia and constant crying. clinical examination revealed temporal muscle atrophy, an abnormal hanging reflex, cervical rigidity and severe hepatomegaly. ultrasonography of the liver showed several disseminated, poorly demarcated, hypoechoic areas which on fine needle aspirates, contained large numbers of pigmented fungal hyphae. cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed fungal hyp ...	1994	7602573
platelet concentration and hemoglobin function in greyhounds.	hematologic characteristics of 36 greyhounds were studied and compared with characteristics of 22 non-greyhound controls. fourteen of the greyhounds were tested and found to be seronegative for ehrlichia canis and babesia canis. compared with the non-greyhounds, greyhounds had higher mean hemoglobin concentration, pcv, mean corpuscular volume, and mean cellular hemoglobin, and lower mean rbc count, hemoglobin p50 value, hill coefficient, platelet count, and total plasma protein concentration. th ...	1994	7829376
comparison of the dot-blot enzyme linked immunoassay with immunofluorescence for detecting antibodies to ehrlichia canis.		1994	7846828
susceptibility of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) to infection with ehrlichia chaffeensis, the etiologic agent of human ehrlichiosis.	although more than 320 cases of human ehrlichiosis have been diagnosed in 27 states since 1986, the reservoir host or hosts remain unknown. since antibodies reactive to ehrlichia chaffeensis, the etiologic agent of human ehrlichiosis, have been found in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus), we experimentally evaluated the susceptibilities of four white-tailed deer to infection with e. chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis, a closely related species. a fifth deer served as a negative control. iso ...	1994	7852563
osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in clinically normal dogs and dogs infected with parasites.	the osmotic fragility of the erythrocytes was measured in blood samples collected from randomly selected healthy and infected dogs at a dogs' rescue shelter. the dogs were classified into six groups on the basis of the final diagnoses from clinical, post mortem and laboratory findings. the minimum (less than 5 per cent) and maximum (more than 90 per cent) haemolysis of the erythrocytes of the clinically normal dogs (group 1), occurred in 0.60 per cent and 0.30 per cent solutions of sodium chlori ...	1994	7871255
reisolation of ehrlichia canis from blood and tissues of dogs after doxycycline treatment.	we present evidence that supports the carrier status of dogs experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis after treatment with doxycycline. canine ehrlichiosis was induced in five dogs by intravenous inoculation with e. canis-infected dh82 cells. all animals developed mild clinical signs of transient fever, body weight loss, thrombocytopenia, and increased gamma globulin levels in plasma. an indirect fluorescent-antibody test (ifa) revealed that all dogs had seroconverted (titer, 5,120) by day 1 ...	1994	7929751
comparison of pcr with other tests for early diagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis.	the purpose of the study was to compare the sensitivity of pcr with those of cell culture reisolation of ehrlichia canis, the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifa), and western immunoblotting (wi) in the early diagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis. five german shepherd dogs were intravenously inoculated with 10(7) e. canis-infected dh82 cells. blood was collected on alternate days during a 2-week postinoculation period. mononuclear cell fractions were harvested and used for e. canis reisolation an ...	1994	7929754
absence of antinuclear antibodies in dogs infected with ehrlichia canis.		1994	8009803
c-reactive protein and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein levels in dogs infected with ehrlichia canis.	to elucidate whether acute-phase protein responses occur in dogs infected with ehrlichia canis, c-reactive protein (crp) and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (aag) levels were serially measured in the plasma of five dogs experimentally inoculated with e. canis and 10 sham-inoculated or noninoculated control dogs. the crp concentration was measured by a canine-specific capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the aag concentration was measured by a canine-specific radial immunodiffusion method. in ...	1994	8027343
reactivity of sera collected from dogs in mutare, zimbabwe, to antigens of ehrlichia canis and cowdria ruminantium.	six of 20 sera from apparently healthy dogs in mutare, zimbabwe, contained antibodies which were reactive with cowdria ruminantium and ehrlichia canis in indirect fluorescent antibody tests at similar titres. in western blots these sera recognised the immunodominant antigen bands of the two organisms. sera with high titres (> 1/80) recognised additional antigen bands of each organism. it was not possible to determine whether these dogs had been exposed to c ruminantium, e canis or other ehrlichi ...	1994	8073593
antibodies against rickettsiaceae in dogs of setúbal, portugal.	an indirect fluorescent antibody test was performed on sera collected from dogs housed in the municipal kennel of setúbal to assess the prevalence of antibodies to ehrlichia canis, the causative agent of canine ehrlichiosis and to rickettsia conorii, agent of boutonneuse fever in humans. two other members of the family rickettsiaceae, coxiella burnetii and rickettsia typhi, were included in the serosurvey. of the 104 dogs tested, 85.6% had antibodies to r. conorii, 50% to e. canis, 26.9% to r. t ...	1995	7655402
endocarditis in a dog due to infection with a novel bartonella subspecies.	vegetative valvular endocarditis involving the aortic and, to a lesser extent, mitral valves was diagnosed echocardiographically in a 3-year-old spayed female labrador retriever. historically, the dog had been treated with tetracycline hydrochloride and prednisolone for positive seroreactivity to ehrlichia canis and antinuclear antigens. although three aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures failed to grow bacteria, blood cultured simultaneously by the lysis centrifugation technique grew a fastidio ...	1995	7699033
development and evaluation of pcr assay for detection of low levels of cowdria ruminantium infection in amblyomma ticks not detected by dna probe.	the sensitivities of a pcr assay and a dna probe assay were compared for the detection of cowdria ruminantium in amblyomma ticks that were fed on c. ruminantium-infected, clinically reacting, and recovered carrier animals. the pcr assay and dna probe detected infection in 86.0 and 37.0%, respectively, of 100 ticks fed on a febrile animal. in 75 ticks fed on carrier animals, pcr and the dna probe detected infection in 28.0 and 1.33% of ticks, respectively. this demonstrates that the dna probe has ...	1995	7699036
evaluation of the pathogenic potential of rickettsia canada and rickettsia prowazekii organisms in dogs.	an unusual pattern of seroreactivity to antigens of rickettsial organisms (rickettsia rickettsii, r rhipicephali, r montana, and r bellii), particularly to r bellii antigen, was detected in 3 dogs during a 2-month period. thus, studies were initiated to clarify the pathogenic potential of the more distantly related rickettsial organisms (r canada and r prowazekii) in dogs. because r bellii are nonpathogenic rickettsiae that share numerous common properties with spotted fever-group and typhus-gro ...	1995	7601694
use of a specific immunogenic region on the cowdria ruminantium map1 protein in a serological assay.	currently available serological tests for cowdriosis (cowdria ruminantium infection) in domestic ruminants are hampered by their low specificities because of cross-reactivity with ehrlichia spp. the use of recombinant major antigenic protein (map1) of c. ruminantium for serodiagnosis was investigated. overlapping fragments of the map1 protein were expressed in escherichia coli and were reacted with sera from sheep infected with either c. ruminantium or ehrlichia ovina. two immunogenic regions on ...	1995	7494037
detection of platelet-bound and serum platelet-bindable antibodies for diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in dogs.	the sensitivity and specificity of 2 antibody tests for diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (itp) in dogs were investigated prospectively. an elisa to detect antibodies bound to the surface of platelets from affected dogs (direct test) was performed in 34 dogs with a clinical diagnosis of itp and in 21 dogs with thrombocytopenia attributable to other causes. an elisa to detect platelet-bindable antibodies in serum from affected dogs (indirect test) was performed in 32 dogs with itp ...	1995	7744662
serological evidence of ehrlichia canis in dogs in southern italy.	a serological survey of antibodies to ehrlichia canis was performed on 423 dogs. the indirect fluorescence antibody test was employed. for this purpose mouse-dog hybridoma cells infected with ehrlichia canis were used. eighty-five dogs were found positive. the study tested 25 dogs with clinical signs suggestive of a rickettsial infection. twenty-three of them had antibodies to e. canis.	1995	7760762
demonstration of serum antiplatelet antibodies in experimental acute canine ehrlichiosis.	this report presents evidence for the presence of antiplatelet antibodies in sera of dogs experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis, during the acute phase of the disease. six healthy adult male beagle dogs were inoculated intravenously with blood from a longstanding infected dog with the israel strain 611 of e. canis. thrombocytopenia and concurrent increase in mean platelet volume were the most consistent haematological signs of the disease. the dogs developed an antibody titre to e. canis ...	1995	8533312
canine ehrlichiosis in egypt: sero-epidemiological survey.	a total of 374 dogs, 252 from five military kennels and 122 privately owned, were tested for ehrlichia canis antibody. sera were tested at a 1:20 dilution by indirect fluorescent antibody with the use of e. canis cell-culture antigen slides. the overall prevalence of e. canis antibody was 33%. antibody prevalence among military dogs (29%) was significantly lower than among privately owned dogs (41%; p < 0.05). the e. canis seroprevalence among dogs infested with ticks (rhipicephalus sanguineus) ...	1995	8539033
hemocytic rickettsia-like organisms in ticks: serologic reactivity with antisera to ehrlichiae and detection of dna of agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis by pcr.	ixodid ticks were collected from connecticut, massachusetts, missouri, pennsylvania, rhode island, and british columbia (canada) during 1991 to 1994 to determine the prevalence of infection with hemocytic (blood cell), rickettsia-like organisms. hemolymph obtained from these ticks was analyzed by direct and indirect fluorescent antibody (fa) staining methods with dog, horse, or human sera containing antibodies to ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia equi, or rickettsia rickettsii. of the 693 nymphal and a ...	1995	8567911
[current point of burn patient care in france].		1995	228424
hormone-receptor interactions: corticotropin-(1-24)-tetracosapeptide spans artificial lipid-bilayer membranes.		1996	229037
the first isolation, in vitro propagation, and genetic characterization of ehrlichia canis in israel.	ehrlichia canis, the etiologic agent of canine ehrlichiosis, was isolated in israel from a naturally infected dog with acute signs of the disease. the organism designated e. canis 611, was passaged experimentally to a beagle, from which it was propagated in primary canine monocytes. the organism was then grown in vitro in a continuous canine cell line, dh82. nine beagles subsequently injected with whole e. canis-infected blood all developed typical symptoms of ehrlichiosis. an indirect immunoflu ...	1996	8686178
survey of ehrlichia canis antibodies among dogs in israel.	a seroepidemiological survey was made of the prevalence of antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis in stray and pet dogs from five geographical regions of israel. serum samples from 410 dogs were assayed by an indirect fluorescent antibody test and serum reactive at a 1:20 dilution or greater was considered positive. the overall seroprevalence was 30 per cent with 23.9 per cent in pet dogs and 37.5 per cent in stray dogs. the seroprevalence in apparently healthy pets (17.6 per cent) was lower b ...	1996	8734508
isolation of ehrlichia canis from dogs following subcutaneous inoculation.	subcutaneous inoculation of dogs with ehrlichia canis was investigated as a more appropriate model of canine ehrlichiosis, which is naturally transmitted by arthropod vectors. a dose-dependent response occurred following subcutaneous inoculation of seven groups of dogs with log concentrations of e. canis-infected canine-origin cells. ehrlichial infection in dogs was defined as concurrence of an increased titer of anti-e. canis immunoglobulin g (igg) antibody in serum, a decreased platelet concen ...	1996	8735093
antibodies in cat sera from southern africa react with antigens of ehrlichia canis.		1996	8737264
geographic, clinical, serologic, and molecular evidence of granulocytic ehrlichiosis, a likely zoonotic disease, in minnesota and wisconsin dogs.	seventeen minnesota and wisconsin dogs with granulocytic ehrlichosis were studied. the diagnoses were made by finding ehrlichia morulae in peripheral blood neutrophils. eight dogs were studied retrospectively, and nine dogs were studied prospectively. the medical records of all dogs were reviewed. eighty-eight percent of the dogs were purebred and 76% were spayed females. the median age was 8 years. sixty-five percent of the cases were diagnosed in october and november. fever and lethargy were t ...	1996	8748270
[the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus (ixodidae), in germany: an epidemiologic study and control measures].	between january and december 1995 infestations with rhipicephalus sanguineus were established in 22 dogs in germany. out of these 22 animals 2 originated from the endemic area of this tick species, spain and the dominican republic and 11 dogs accompanied their owner to the mediterranean countries, 5 to italy, 3 to france, 2 to spain and 1 animal to greece. six dogs had never left germany and with 3 dogs the way of infestation could not be reconstructed. in 16 cases an abundant occurrence of r. s ...	1996	8765542
recombinant expression and use in serology of a specific fragment from the cowdria ruminantium map1 protein.	the major antigenic protein (map1) of cowdria ruminantium was screened for immunogenic regions by expression of overlapping recombinant dna clones of the gene encoding the map1 protein. two regions, designated map1-a and map1-b, were recognized by all antisera to 9 different isolates of c. ruminantium. map1-a contained one or more epitopes responsible for false-positive reactions with ehrlichia antisera in several serological tests for cowdriosis. cross-reactivity with map1-b was limited to anti ...	1996	8784484
kinetics of serum antiplatelet antibodies in experimental acute canine ehrlichiosis.	the pattern of appearance of serum antiplatelet antibodies during the acute phase of experimental canine ehrlichiosis (ehrlichia canis) was investigated in six beagles and correlated with the development of thrombocytopenia. the earliest detection of serum antiplatelet antibodies was made on day 7 post-inoculation in one dog, on day 13 in three out of six dogs, and on day 17 post-inoculation in the remaining two dogs. thrombocytopenia developed in all infected dogs. the results of this study sug ...	1996	8797272
post-therapy antibody titers in dogs with ehrlichiosis: follow-up study on 68 patients treated primarily with tetracycline and/or doxycycline.	the clinical and serological responses to therapy were evaluated for at least 1 year in 68 dogs with antibody titers positive for ehrlichia canis. treatments were of variable periods with primarily tetracycline hydorchloride and/or doxycycline. sixteen dogs had initial titers of 1:20 and, at the end of the year, were asymptomatic, no longer receiving medication, and had negative serology. the average length of treatment with tetracycline hcl and/or doxycycline was 85 days (range, 14 to 360 days) ...	1996	8819054
a recombinant antigen from the heartwater agent (cowdria ruminatium) reactive with antibodies in some southeastern united states white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus), but not cattle, sera.	recombinant baculovirus techniques were used to express the 260 amino acid carboxyterminal portion of the 32 kilodalton (kda) major antigenic protein (map 1) of cowdria ruminantium, the heartwater agent, as a fusion protein. the recombinant map 1 was fused to an aminoterminal independently antigenic octapeptide sequence (flag peptide). recombinant map 1 was used as an immunoblotting antigen to evaluate numerous reference antisera against organisms of the tribe ehrlichieae. monoclonal and polyclo ...	1996	8827667
specific, nonradioactive detection of the nhp bacterium in penaeus vannamei by in situ hybridization.	necrotizing hepatopancreatitis (nhp) is a disease of farm-raised pacific white shrimp (penaeus vannamei) caused by a pleomorphic intracellular bacterium. a dna probe that is specific for the etiologic agent of necrotizing hepatopancreatitis was devised and tested in an in situ hybridization assay. a procedure was developed for labeling a single-stranded dna probe with digoxigenin by the polymerase chain reaction. the dna probe encompasses the v1 and v2 variable regions of the 16s ribosomal rna ( ...	1996	8844575
ehrlichia canis-like agent isolated from a man in venezuela: antigenic and genetic characterization.	we report the first isolation and molecular and antigenic characterization of a human ehrlichial species in south america. a retrospective study was performed with serum specimens from 6 children with clinical signs suggestive of human ehrlichiosis and 43 apparently healthy adults who had a close contact with dogs exhibiting clinical signs compatible with canine ehrlichiosis. the evaluation was performed by the indirect fluorescent-antibody assay with ehrlichia chaffeensis arkansas, ehrlichia ca ...	1996	8862572
platelet dysfunction associated with experimental acute canine ehrlichiosis.	to determine whether platelet dysfunction occurs in canine ehrlichiosis, platelet aggregation studies in response to collagen/epinephrine, thrombin and adenosine diphosphate (adp) were carried out by the indirect method, using sera from six dogs experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis. samples of serum taken before infection and four and 20 days after infection were tested by incubation with platelet-rich plasma from a seronegative healthy dog. platelet aggregation was significantly inhibit ...	1996	8890464
attempted transmission of ehrlichia canis by rhipicephalus sanguineus after passage in cell culture.	to compare the transmissibility by the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus, of a recent isolate of ehrlichia canis (ebony) with that of another isolate (oklahoma) that had been passaged in cell culture, and to assess the genetic similarity of the 2 isolates as reflected in the nucleotide (nt) sequence of 16s rdna.	1996	8915436
specific amplification of ehrlichia platys dna from blood specimens by two-step pcr.	a two-step pcr method for diagnosis of canine infectious cyclic thrombocytopenia was established. three primers derived from the 16s and rrna gene sequence were used to amplify genomic dna specifically from ehrlichia platys. two-round amplification with dna templates prepared from e. platys-infected blood specimens produced 742- and 385-bp fragments, but these products were not found when an ehrlichia canis-infected blood sample and escherichia coli were used. this method, for which the minimum ...	1996	8940461
pcr detection of acute ehrlichia canis infection in dogs.	a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based detection assay that specifically detected ehrlichia canis in dogs with acute infections was developed. a region of the 16s ribosomal rna gene of e. canis was targeted for pcr amplification and chemiluminescent hybridization (ch) with a complementary internal 287-base pair (bp) oligonucleotide probe. the ch improved the pcr assay sensitivity 1,000-fold as compared with visualization on ethidium bromide-stained agarose gels. the pcr assay with ch (pcr/ch) d ...	1996	8953528