Publications

why do many ruminal bacteria die and lyse so quickly?	studies using 15n have indicated that as much as 50% of the microbial mass turns over before n passes to the lower gut, and this n recycling significantly decreases the availability of microbial protein. protozoa digest bacteria and smaller protozoa, but bacterial protein can turn over even if protozoa are not present. fibrobacter succinogenes cultures lyse even when they are growing, and the lysis rate is independent of growth rate. when extracellular sugar is depleted, f. succinogenes secretes ...	1996	8880474
why are ruminal cellulolytic bacteria unable to digest cellulose at low ph?	ruminant animals depend on cellulolytic ruminal bacteria to digest cellulose, but these bacteria cannot resist the low ruminal ph that modern feeding practices can create. because the cellulolytic bacteria cannot grow on cellobiose at low ph, ph sensitivity is a general aspect of growth and not just a limitation of the cellulases per se. acid-resistant ruminal bacteria have evolved the capacity to let their intracellular ph decrease, maintain a small ph gradient across the cell membrane, and pre ...	1996	8880476
breakdown of peptides from a casein hydrolysate by rumen bacteria. simultaneous study of enzyme activities and physicochemical parameters.	the breakdown of a pancreatic hydrolysate of casein (tryptone) by an inoculum of ruminal mixed bacteria was studied in vitro. peptides were degradated at 33% after 5 h. the dipeptidyl aminopeptidase type 1 (dap-1), exoaminopeptidase and leucine aminopeptidase (lap) like activities were measured using, respectively, gly-arg-mna, ala-pna and leu-pna as substrates. while the total proteolytic activity remained stable throughout peptide breakdown, the dap-1 already present at the beginning of fermen ...	1996	8987097
biochemical and mutational analysis of a gingipain-like peptidase activity from prevotella ruminicola b(1)4 and its role in ammonia production by ruminal bacteria.	a chemical mutagenesis protocol was used with the ruminal bacterium prevotella ruminicola strain b(1)4 to generate mutant strains defective in peptidase activity. compared with the wild-type parent strain, the isolated mutants possessed 1/10 of the enzyme activity responsible for cleavage of glycine-arginine-4-methoxy-beta-naphthylamide (gly-arg-mna). a concomitant loss in activity against arginine-arginine-4-methoxy-beta-naphthylamide (arg-arg-mna) was also observed. both activities were simila ...	1997	9023945
interrupted catalytic domain structures in xylanases from two distantly related strains of prevotella ruminicola.	two xylanases from the rumen anaerobic bacterium prevotella ruminicola were found to possess highly unusual structures in which family 10 catalytic domains are interrupted by unrelated sequences. xync from p. ruminicola b(1)4 carries a 160 amino-acid insertion, while a p. ruminicola d31d xylanase carries an unrelated region of 280 amino acids, containing an imperfect 130 amino-acid duplication. both regions of family 10 similarity were shown to be essential for activity of the d31d enzyme.	1997	9048892
phenotypic diversity among ruminal isolates of prevotella ruminicola: proposal of prevotella brevis sp. nov., prevotella bryantii sp. nov., and prevotella albensis sp. nov. and redefinition of prevotella ruminicola.	selected phenotypic characteristics of isolates of prevotella ruminicola (formerly bacteroides ruminicola) were studied in order to establish whether the characteristics of genotypic strain groups established previously on the basis of 16s ribosomal dna sequences differed systematically. among strains formerly considered p. ruminicola subsp. brevis, strains related to strain ga33t (t = type strain) typically failed to produce carboxymethyl cellulase (cmcase) activity detectable by plate assays a ...	1997	9103611
degradation of protein and utilization of the hydrolytic products by a predominant ruminal bacterium, prevotella ruminicola b1(4).	degradation and utilization of protein by prevotella ruminicola b1(4), a proteolytic bacterium that is prominent in the rumen, was examined. in preliminary experiments, proteinaceous n sources produced faster growth rates than did nh4cl, based on changes in optical density over time. however, ammonium chloride produced a greater maximum cell density than did proteinaceous n sources. of the proteinaceous n sources, an enzymatic hydrolysate of soybean protein with a relative peptide size of 3 aa r ...	1997	9120087
growth inhibition of prevotella ruminicola by protamine.	growth of prevotella ruminicola strains b(1)4 (subsp. brevis) and d31d (subsp. ruminicola), was inhibited by protamine, a polycationic, low molecular mass protein. results showed that protamine has a bacteriocidal effect when present in concentrations exceeding 30 micrograms ml-1. protamine exerted its toxic effects by disrupting the outer membrane, which was demonstrated by: (i) an increased sensitivity to hydrophobic antibiotics (novobiocin and monensin) and (ii) release of the periplasmic enz ...	1997	9163910
glutamate dehydrogenase activity profiles for type strains of ruminal prevotella spp.	the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) activities for the type strains of prevotella ruminicola (strain 23), prevotella brevis (strain ga33), and prevotella bryantii (strain b(1)4) were assessed by a combination of enzyme assays and analysis of migration patterns of gdh proteins following nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. unlike results with most other prokaryotes, but similar to results with other members of the family bacteroidaceae, nadph-utilizing specific activity was greatest in ...	1997	9251223
a prevotella ruminicola b(1)4 operon encoding extracellular polysaccharide hydrolases.	when escherichia coli xl1-blue mra (p2) was infected with lambda dna containing prevotella ruminicola b(1)4 chromosomal dna, only a few plaques produced beta-1,4-endoglucanase activity, and all of these had mannanase activity. positive phage contained a 17-kb saci dna fragment that gave six bands after ecori digestion. the ecori fragments were ligated into pbluescript and sequenced. the order of the fragments was verified by pcr and by restriction mapping. the dna sequence contained 6 open readi ...	1997	9321452
microbial perspective on fiber utilization by swine.	dietary fiber may contribute up to 30% of the maintenance energy needs of growing pigs. higher energy contributions may be obtained from dietary fiber fed to sows, along with some improvements in reproduction, health, and well-being. as long as cereal grain supplies and high-quality protein supplements are abundant, the use of fibrous feeds for swine most likely will be limited. however, as the human demand for cereal grains increases, swine producers, especially those with reproductive animals, ...	1997	9331875
peptidases of the rumen bacterium, prevotella ruminicola.	prevotella (formerly bacteroides) ruminicola is a numerous rumen bacterium which plays a significant role in the metabolism of proteins and peptides in the rumen. measurement of the hydrolysis of synthetic aminopeptidase substrates by sonicated extracts and whole cells of different species of rumen bacteria indicated that p. ruminicola had the greatest range and specific activity of dipeptidyl peptidases among the species tested. streptococcus bovis hydrolysed some dipeptidyl peptidase substrate ...	1997	16887560
glycogen formation by the ruminal bacterium prevotella ruminicola.	prevotella ruminicola is an important ruminal bacteria. in maltose-grown cells, nearly 60% of cell dry weight consisted of high-molecular-weight (>2 x 10(sup6)) glycogen. the ratio of glycogen to protein (grams per gram) was relatively low (1.3) during exponential growth, but when cell growth slowed during the transition to the stationary phase, the ratio increased to 1.8. as much as 40% of the maltose was converted to glycogen during cell growth. glycogen accumulation in glucose-grown cells was ...	1997	16535575
butyrivibrio spp. and other xylanolytic microorganisms from the rumen have cinnamoyl esterase activity.	high concentrations of hydroxycinnamic acids in the hemicellulosic fraction of dry season tropical grasses may influence the rate of microbial degradation of arabinoxylans by ruminant animals. the ability of 22 strains of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, other ruminal bacteria (ruminococcus albus sy3, ruminococcus flavefaciens rf1,prevotella ruminicola ar20) and the ruminal phycomycete neocallimastix patriciarum cx to digest the tropical grass heteropogon contortus(spear grass) and hydrolyse esterifie ...	1998	16887624
transcriptional regulation of the prevotella ruminicola reca gene.	the regulation of the reca gene expression in the obligately anaerobic rumen bacterium prevotella ruminicola was investigated by monitoring the reca-specific transcript level. p. ruminicola reca forms a monocistronic unit, but no sos-box sequences resembling those of escherichia coli or bacillus subtilis can be identified upstream of the reca coding region. at the same time, we observed a fivefold increase in the level of reca mrna in response to dna damaging agents, mitomycin c and methyl metha ...	1998	9541560
phytase activity of anaerobic ruminal bacteria.	phytase catalyses the release of phosphate from phytate (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate), the predominant form of phosphorus in cereal grains, oilseeds and legumes. the presence of phytase activity was investigated in 334 strains of 22 species of obligately anaerobic ruminal bacteria. measurable activities were demonstrated in strains of selenomonas ruminantium, megasphaera elsdenii, prevotella ruminicola, mitsuokella multiacidus and treponema spp. strains isolated from fermentations with cereal ...	1998	9639927
identification of a novel adenylate cyclase in the ruminal anaerobe, prevotella ruminicola d31d.	our previous evaluation of ruminal and other anaerobic bacteria showed only prevotella ruminicola d31d produced detectable concentrations of cyclic amp. in order to investigate the synthesis of this important metabolic regulator, the gene for adenylate cyclase (cya), which produces cyclic amp, was cloned and expressed in a cyaa mutant of escherichia coli. the cloned p. ruminicola d31d gene was able to complement the cyaa mutation and permitted fermentation of lactose on macconkey lactose agar pl ...	1998	9682474
strategies that ruminal bacteria use to handle excess carbohydrate.	when ruminal bacteria have insufficient nitrogen and other nutrients, excess carbohydrate can be toxic. pure cultures that are nitrogen-limited can convert only some of the excess carbohydrate to intracellular polysaccharide, but this pool can be quickly saturated. fibrobacter succinogenes cultures that have excess cellobiose secrete glucose and cellotriose into the culture medium, and prevotella ruminicola produces methylglyoxal, a highly toxic substance that causes a dramatic decrease in viabi ...	1998	9690652
in vitro study of molecular weight, hydrophobicity and amino acid composition of peptides during breakdown of a casein hydrolysate by two strains of prevotella ruminicola.	the molecular weight, amino acid composition and hydrophobicity of the peptide residue produced by hydrolysis of protein by two strains of prevotella ruminicola (23 and s17/3) were determined. these last two characteristics could play a role in the control of proteolysis. both strains produced dipeptidyl peptidases (dap-1) but only p. ruminicola 23 synthesised alanine aminopeptidase. the area of 3-5 kda peptides decreased, while the peptides directly assimilable by bacteria (0.5-1 kda and < 0.5 ...	1998	9923009
[the operative surgery of cancer of the tongue].		1998	106345
[seasonal changes in spermatozoas and fertility of stallions in the tropics].	an attempt was made to express the relationship of spermiological characteristics with the fertility on the basis of seasonal variability of the fertility of stallions and of the ejaculate quality. a positive correlation between the activity of spermatozoa and the fertility ensues from the values of correlation coefficients. there is a negative correlation between the fertility and the concentration of citric acid. in the other characteristics, i.e. in the production of spermatozoa, volume of ge ...	1998	106512
use of immunoadsorbents for the study of antibody binding to sperm whale myoglobin and its synthetic antigenic sites.	conditions for preparing immunoadsorbents of sperm-whale myoglobin and its five synthetic antigenic sites and for desorption of radiolabeled antibodies from the immunoadsorbents were studied. in immunoadsorbent titration studies, the sum of the amounts of antibodies bound in the plateau (maximum binding) by the adsorbents of the five sites accounted quantitatively for the entire (100%) antibody response to sperm-whale myoglobin.	1999	91647
antigen-specific immunocompetency, b cell function, and regulatory helper and suppressor t cell activities in spontaneously autoimmune mice.		1999	91639
fatal leishmaniasis in renal-transport patient.		1999	88649
[effect of the prolonged administration of chlormadinone acetate on platelet function and blood chemistry with older male persons (author's transl)].		1999	91459
gc-ms analysis of diaminopimelic acid stereoisomers and amino acid enantiomers in rumen bacteria.	the amounts and the configuration of the stereoisomers of 2,6-diaminopimelic acid (dap) and the enantiomeric content of other amino acids were determined in five individual species (fibrobacter succinogenes, streptococcus bovis, selenomonas ruminantium, prevotella ruminicola and anaerovibrio lipolytica) of rumen bacteria, and in samples of mixed rumen bacteria isolated from sheep. the separation and quantification of the dap stereoisomers was achieved by gas chromatography (gc) of trifluoroacety ...	1999	10191943
diversity of extracellular proteolytic activities among prevotella species from the rumen.	the current research was aimed at comparing proteolytic activities among ruminal prevotella spp. growth rates of prevotella sp. 2202, prevotella ruminicola d31d, p. brevis ga33, p. albensis m384, and p. bryantii b(1)4 varied with n source, and no one n source produced the fastest growth in all species. proteolytic activity was greatest with casein compared with peptides, aa, and nh(4)cl in all species. proteolytic activity of prevotella sp. 2202, p. brevis ga33, and p. bryantii b(1)4 was modulat ...	1999	10486053
feasibility of using total purines as a marker for ruminal bacteria.	a procedure for measuring total purine content of mixed ruminal bacteria was adapted for use in the determination of purines in pure cultures of ruminal bacteria. recovery of adenine and guanine, alone or in mixture, was quite variable. the problem was traced to solubility of the silver salt of adenine in the acid wash solution. when the precipitating solution was used as the wash, recovery of the purines was over 97%. recovery of a 1:1 mixture of adenine and guanine added to yeast rna was 100.6 ...	1999	10568481
construction of prevotella ruminicola-escherichia coli shuttle vector pram45 and transformation of p. ruminicola strains by electroporation.	a new plasmid shuttle vector, pram45, was constructed from the escherichia coli plasmid pacyc184 and the cryptic plasmid pram4, which was originally isolated by us from prevotella ruminicola t31 (ogata et al., plasmid, 35, 91-97, 1996). the vector was electrotransformed into different p. ruminicola strains. polymerase chain reaction and southern hybridization experiments confirmed its integrity in p. ruminicola transformants.	1999	16232618
activity and properties of fumarate reductase in ruminal bacteria.	fumarate-reducing bacteria were sought from the main ruminal bacteria. fibrobacter succinogenes, selenomonas ruminantium subsp. ruminantium, selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica, and veillonella parvula reduced fumarate by using h(2) as an electron donor. ruminococcus albus, prevotella ruminicola, and anaerovibrio lipolytica consumed fumarate, although they did not oxidize h(2). of these bacteria, v. parvula, two strains of selenomonas, and f. succinogenes had a high capacity to reduce fum ...	2000	12483585
starting a new genetic system: lessons from bacteroides.	despite the fact that genetic manipulation is an essential adjunct of studies of microbial physiology, many important bacterial species are still not accessible to genetic manipulation. in many cases, the people who know the organism best and have studied its physiology extensively have little experience with genetic techniques and are uncertain how to set up a new system. in this article, we describe what we have learned in the process of developing a genetic system for bacteroides spp. and hel ...	2000	10610802
glutamine synthetase and protease enzyme activities and growth response of ruminal bacterium prevotella ruminicola strain b(1)4 to nitrogen source and concentration.	the objective of this study was to determine the effects of varying nitrogen sources and concentrations upon glutamine synthetase and protease activities in prevotella ruminicola strain b(1)4. based on growth response it appears that ammonium chloride or pepticase limited p. ruminicola becomes nitrogen limited when nitrogen concentration is at 0.5 mm. however, when casein was provided as the sole source of nitrogen p. ruminicola becomes nitrogen limited at 2.5 mm. glutamine synthetase activity w ...	2000	10693058
unravelling the genetic diversity of ruminal bacteria belonging to the cfb phylum.	molecular biology approaches were employed to examine the genetic diversity of bacteria from the cytophaga/flexibacter/bacteroides (cfb) phylum in the rumen of cattle. by this means we were able to identify cultured strains that represent some of the larger cfb clusters previously identified only by pcr amplification and sequencing. complete 16s rdna sequences were obtained for 16 previously isolated rumen strains, including the type strains of prevotella ruminicola, p. bryantii, p. brevis and p ...	2000	10922505
balancing needs with resources: a service-based approach.	a service-based analysis of public sector health expenditure in north canterbury is presented. the results indicate that the largest share of the $61 million spent by the north canterbury hospital board and the christchurch district health office in 1975-76 was devoted to primary health care, followed by mental health, surgery and medicine. the implications of this approach for the planning and development of health services are discussed and it is suggested that this provides a framework for se ...	2000	101914
mechanism of the interaction of desipramine with (na+, k+) atpase and p-nitrophenylphosphatase [proceedings].		2001	92937
clinical experience and expectation with protons and heavy ions.		2001	96045
treatment of metastatic disease.		2001	92883
diet-dependent shifts in the bacterial population of the rumen revealed with real-time pcr.	a set of pcr primers was designed and validated for specific detection and quantification of prevotella ruminicola, prevotella albensis, prevotella bryantii, fibrobacter succinogenes, selenomonas ruminantium-mitsuokella multiacida, streptococcus bovis, ruminococcus flavefaciens, ruminobacter amylophilus, eubacterium ruminantium, treponema bryantii, succinivibrio dextrinosolvens, and anaerovibrio lipolytica. by using these primers and the real-time pcr technique, the corresponding species in the ...	2001	11375193
sequence analysis of the plasmid prri2 from the rumen bacterium prevotella ruminicola 223/m2/7 and the use of prri2 in prevotella/bacteroides shuttle vectors.	prri2 is a small cryptic plasmid from the rumen bacterium prevotella ruminicola 223/m2/7 which has been used for the construction of shuttle vectors (prh3 and prri207) that replicate in many bacteroides/prevotella strains as well as in escherichia coli. sequence analysis of prri2 reveals that it is a 3240-bp plasmid carrying two clear open reading frames. rep, encoded by orf1, shows 48 and 47% amino acid sequence identity with repa proteins from bacteroides vulgatus and bacteroides fragilis, res ...	2001	11407918
letter: bromide intoxication.		2002	126712
poncimarin, a new coumarin from poncirus trifoliata l.	a new coumarinic derivative (poncimarin; c19h22o5; m.p. 140 c degrees) was isolated from unripe fruits of poncircus trifoliata l. which from spectroscopic evidences was formulated as 7-(2,3-epoxy-3-methyl butyloxy)-8-(2,3-epoxy-3-methyl butyl) coumarin.	2002	126585
[unusual concrement in the submandibular gland (author's transl)].	after a short general view about the diagnosis and therapy of the sialolithiasis of the gland an extremely big sialolith, which weighs 42 g, which is 5.2 cm long and shows a thickness of 2 cm is reported.	2002	135151
[occupational dematitis of the fleshy portions of the fingers caused by nickel].		2003	151492
the equilibrium constant and the reversibility of the reaction catalysed by nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide kinase from pigeon liver.	the reversibility of the nad+ kinase reaction was established, and the kinetic parameters of the rate equation in the reverse direction were determined. the equilibrium constant of the reaction was determined by using the purified pigeon liver enzyme and radioactively labelled nicotinamide nucleotides. the relationship between kinetic parameters of the forward and reverse reactions is in reasonable agreement with the measured equilibrium constant. as expected from the proposed mechanism of actio ...	2003	201249
[lung abscess caused by prevotella oralis and prevotella ruminicola in a hiv-positive patient].		2003	12756910
culture-independent identification of pathogenic bacteria and polymicrobial infections in the genitourinary tract of renal transplant recipients.	renal transplant recipients are predisposed to urinary tract infections caused by both common uropathogens and opportunistic bacteria resulting frequently in significant polymicrobial infections. in this study, a culture-independent 16s rrna-based approach was established to identify unusual, fastidious, or anaerobic bacteria and to investigate bacterial diversity in urinary tract specimens. similarly sized amplicons encompassing the v6 to v8 region of the 16s rrna were analyzed with denaturing ...	2003	14662931
sequencing and expression of the gene encoding the clostridium stercorarium beta-xylosidase xyl43b in escherichia coli.	the clostridium stercorarium f-9 xyl43b gene encoding the beta-xylosidase xyl43b consists of an open reading frame of 1,491 nucleotides that encodes a putative protein, classified in family 43, of 497 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 56,355. the deduced amino acid sequence of xyl43b has sequence similarity with beta-xylosidases from bacteriodes thetaiotaomicron (57% sequence identity), prevotella ruminicola (45%), streptomyces coelicolor (40%), and clostridium acetobutylicum (36% ...	2004	15056894
studies of thermobifida fusca plant cell wall degrading enzymes.	i have been studying the thermobifida fusca cellulose degrading proteins for the past 25 years. in this period, we have purified and characterized the six extracellular cellulases and an intracellular beta- glucosidase used by t. fusca for cellulose degradation, cloned and sequenced the structural genes encoding these enzymes, and helped to determine the 3-dimensional structures of two of the cellulase catalytic domains. this research determined the mechanism of a novel class of cellulase, famil ...	2004	15073875
microbial monitoring by molecular tools of a two-phase anaerobic bioreactor treating fruit and vegetable wastes.	microbial consortia in a two-phase, anaerobic bioreactor using a mixture of fruit and vegetable wastes were established. bacterial and archaeal communities obtained by a culture-independent approach based on single strand conformation polymorphism analysis of total 16s rdna showed the adaptation of the microflora to the process parameters. throughout the 90 d of the study, the species composition of the bacterial community changed significantly. bacterial 16s rdna showed at least 7 different maj ...	2004	15269562
hodgkin's disease 1972-1977.		2004	419343
[taking long view of hemodialysis and transplantation (author's transl)].		2004	368386
[additional methods of examination in tumors and cysts of the mediastinum].		2004	1133952
pleural effusion: a diagnostic dilemma.		2004	404437
a 2-year follow-up of 72 hyperactive boys. classroom behavior and peer acceptance.	a 2-year, prospective follow-up of 72 hyperactive boys (94 per cent of the initial sample) examined classroom and home behavior, academic achievement, peer status, and depressive symptomatology for patients and a matched control group. sixty-five per cent of the sample was still on medication at follow-up. the patient group continued to manifest behavioral and academic difficulty. off-drug classroom behavior showed considerable stability from baseline to 2-year follow-up which did not appear to ...	2005	1249566
epidemiologic observations on suicides in virginia.		2005	1266370
proceedings: systems connecting endoplasmic reticulum with axon and dendrites.		2005	1151806
when death necessitates selling a practice.		2005	1070377
[further research on the differentiation in vitro of chick-embryo skin in the presence of histones].	in the present study the authors have carried out further researches on the differentiation of six day limb skin from chick embryo cultured "in vitro" in a complete medium supplemented with histones. when histones were added to the medium in the first two days "in vitro", epidermal keratinization was not observed. however the addition of histones after four days "in vitro" did not interfere with epidermal differentiation.	2005	548050
type ii restriction modification systems of prevotella bryantii tc1-1 and prevotella ruminicola 23 strains and their effect on the efficiency of dna introduction via electroporation.	the restriction endonucleases pbrti and pru2i, isoschizomers of sau3ai and haeiii, were partially purified and characterized from anaerobic rumen bacteria prevotella bryantii tc1-1 and prevotella ruminicola 23, respectively. these are the first type ii restriction endonucleases discovered in strains of the genus prevotella, and they represent one of the barriers hindering gene transfer in these microorganisms. heterologous dna was protected against the action of the pbrti or pru2i by incubation ...	2005	15936894
optimal protease production condition for prevotella ruminicola 23 and characterization of its extracellular crude protease.	in this study, prevotella ruminicola 23 (atcc 19189), a ruminal proteolytic bacterium, was used as protease producer to examine the optimal condition for protease production. the best carbon and nitrogen sources for the maximum growth were glucose with peptone. both sucrose and glucose could stimulate high protease production. casein and peptone are better nitrogen sources for protease production than other choice in this study. the best enzyme production condition was 18-20 h incubation which w ...	2005	16701546
whole-body gallium 67 scans. role in diagnosis of sarcoidosis.	early studies of 67gallium (67ga) scanning in sarcoidosis focused on the lungs as a measure of disease activity, likelihood of progression, and the advisability of corticosteroid therapy. the predictive value of pulmonary uptake proved to be limited, but there has been renewed interest in 67ga scanning as a diagnostic aid with special attention to characteristic extrapulmonary uptake patterns. review of whole-body 67ga scans in 172 patients with sarcoidosis, 21 with lymphoma, and 51 with other d ...	2005	1952451
[observations on angina patients undergoing ambulatory treatment with nifedipine].		2005	549627
identification of intestinal bacteria responsible for fermentation of gum arabic in pig model.	acacia spp. produce gum exudates, traditionally called gum arabic or gum acacia, which are widely used in the food industry such as emulsifiers, adhesives, and stabilizers. the traditional gum arabic is highly variable with average molecular weights varying from 300,000-800,000. for this reason a standardized sample was used for the present experiments, based on a specific species of gum arabic (acacia(sen)super gumem2). the literature indicates that gum arabic can be fermented by the intestinal ...	2006	16874552
in vitro bacterial growth and in vivo ruminal microbiota populations associated with bloat in steers grazing wheat forage.	the role of ruminal bacteria in the frothy bloat complex common to cattle grazing winter wheat has not been previously determined. two experiments, one in vitro and another in vivo, were designed to elucidate the effects of fresh wheat forage on bacterial growth, biofilm complexes, rumen fermentation end products, rumen bacterial diversity, and bloat potential. in exp. 1, 6 strains of ruminal bacteria (streptococcus bovis strain 26, prevotella ruminicola strain 23, eubacterium ruminantium b1c23, ...	2006	16971591
real-time pcr detection of the effects of protozoa on rumen bacteria in cattle.	a real-time pcr approach was used in this study to clarify the populations of major bacterial species in the rumens of faunated and unfaunated cattle. the sensitivity of this novel real-time pcr assay was evaluated by using 10(1) to 10(8) plasmid copies of target bacteria. the numbers of plasmid copies of ruminococcus albus, ruminococcus flavefaciens, prevotella ruminicola, and the cur-e cluster were higher in the unfaunated than in the faunated rumens. the cur-e cluster belongs to the clostridi ...	2006	16467991
dominance of prevotella and low abundance of classical ruminal bacterial species in the bovine rumen revealed by relative quantification real-time pcr.	relative quantification real-time pcr was used to quantify several bacterial species in ruminal samples from two lactating cows, each sampled 3 h after feeding on two successive days. abundance of each target taxon was calculated as a fraction of the total 16s rrna gene copies in the samples, using taxon-specific and eubacterial domain-level primers. bacterial populations showed a clear predominance of members of the genus prevotella, which comprised 42% to 60% of the bacterial rrna gene copies ...	2007	17235560
[diagnosis, incidence and clinical significance of premature lh rise/peak in patients of an in vitro fertilization and gamete transfer program].	in this study we analysed the prevalence and the clinical relevance of premature (related to the day of ovulation induction with hcg) lh rise (lh greater than or equal to 180%, but less than 300% of the mean of all previous values) or peak (lh greater than or equal to 300% of the mean of all previous values): 12% (2/16) of the conception cycles showed a premature lh peak, 44% (7/16) a premature lh rise and 44% (7/17) showed neither a premature lh rise nor a premature lh peak. the pregnancy rate ...	2007	2376305
investigation and treatment of a multiple limb birth.	we report a baby born with three fully developed normally functioning legs. the third leg was attached to the baby's sacrum via an iliac bone at the site of a spina bifida. a primitive perineum was present. innervation of the limb was via a sacral hiatus with a myelomeningocele. a rudimentary peritoneal sac was found at operation containing a blind loop of bowel suspended by a mesentery. the additional leg was found to have no cortical representation using somatic evoked potentials although lumb ...	2007	1892571
a new manual method for assessing two-dimensional cancellous bone structure: comparison between iliac crest and lumbar vertebra.	we have developed a simple method for the direct analysis of two-dimensional trabecular structure. using this method, we have compared the structure of the left and right iliac crest and the second lumbar vertebra and studied the relationship between two-dimensional trabecular structure and the ultimate compressive stress of bone samples from the second lumbar vertebra. transverse cores were taken from the left and right iliac crests and second lumbar vertebrae of 35 subjects (12 females) who di ...	2007	1950674
pathologic review of consecutive radical prostatectomy specimens. nerve sparing versus nonnerve sparing.	retrospective pathologic analysis was conducted of specimens from 88 radical retropubic prostatectomy operations performed between 1982 and 1987 inclusive. the median age of patients was sixty years (range, 46 to 73 years). of the 88 radical prostatectomies performed, 51 were nerve-sparing (40 bilateral) and 37 were nonnerve-sparing (11 unilateral) procedures. preoperative clinical staging was similar in both groups. thirty-five of 37 patients (95%) in nonnerve-staging group and 51 of 51 patient ...	2007	1887533
urapidil-induced hemodynamic changes in humans.	in hypertensive patients as well as in normal subjects urapidil has a hypotensive action. this is mainly mediated by a peripheral alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade with a decrease in systemic vascular resistance; in addition, during acute animal experiments a centrally mediated hypotensive action was demonstrated, possibly by 5-hydroxytryptamine1a (5-ht1a)-receptor stimulation. studies in humans showed an increase in cardiac output, which was not always significant; it did result either from an incr ...	2008	2667309
utility of enzymes from fibrobacter succinogenes and prevotella ruminicola as detergent additives.	in this study, we investigated the application of cellulase and protease purified from rumen bacteria as detergent additives. cellulase and protease were purified from the rumen cellulytic bacteria fibrobacter succinogenes s85, and prevotella ruminicola 23, respectively. an inhibitor test indicated that the purified protease belongs to the category of serine proteases and metalloproteases. both the enzymes were effective at a high temperature (50 degrees c) and neutral ph (ph 7-8), but the prote ...	2008	18463911
effect of sodium monensin and cinnamaldehyde on the growth and phenotypic characteristics of prevotella bryantii and prevotella ruminicola.	two representative strains of gram-negative rumen bacteria from the genus prevotella were used as model organisms in order to evaluate the effect of cinnamaldehyde (the secondary metabolite found in extracts of the cinnamomum family) vs. sodium monensin on growth, cell size and cell protein production. prevotella bryantii b(1)4 was found to be remarkably more resistant to the action of both compounds than prevotella ruminicola 23. the approximate ic(50) concentrations of sodium monensin influenc ...	2008	18661292
biotransformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by pure culture ruminal bacteria.	twenty-one ruminal bacteria species were tested for their ability to degrade 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (tnt) within 24 h. butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, fibrobacter succinogenes, lactobacillus vitulinus, selenomonas ruminantium, streptococcus caprinus, and succinivibrio dextrinosolvens were able to completely degrade 100 mg/l tnt, with <5% of the original tnt recovered as diaminonitrotoluene metabolites. eubacterium ruminantium, lactobacillus ruminis, ruminobacter amylophilus, streptococcus bovis, and w ...	2009	18839246
isolation and characterization of novel cellulase genes from uncultured microorganisms in different environmental niches.	four different environmental dna libraries were prepared from microbial consortium collected from forest soil, dung of elephant, cow rumen and rotted tree. seven independent clones specifying cellulase activities (five endo-beta-1,4-glucanases and two beta-glucosidases) were isolated and identified. sequence analysis of the retrieved genes revealed that the encoded products of these cellulase genes shared less than 50% identities and 70% similarities to cellulases in the databases. domain analys ...	2009	19230636
biochemical analysis of a beta-d-xylosidase and a bifunctional xylanase-ferulic acid esterase from a xylanolytic gene cluster in prevotella ruminicola 23.	prevotella ruminicola 23 is an obligate anaerobic bacterium in the phylum bacteroidetes that contributes to hemicellulose utilization within the bovine rumen. to gain insight into the cellular machinery that this organism elaborates to degrade the hemicellulosic polymer xylan, we identified and cloned a gene predicted to encode a bifunctional xylanase-ferulic acid esterase (xyn10d-fae1a) and expressed the recombinant protein in escherichia coli. biochemical analysis of purified xyn10d-fae1a reve ...	2009	19304844
rumen microbiome composition determined using two nutritional models of subacute ruminal acidosis.	subacute ruminal acidosis (sara) is a metabolic disease in dairy cattle that occurs during early and mid-lactation and has traditionally been characterized by low rumen ph, but lactic acid does not accumulate as in acute lactic acid acidosis. it is hypothesized that factors such as increased gut permeability, bacterial lipopolysaccharides, and inflammatory responses may have a role in the etiology of sara. however, little is known about the nature of the rumen microbiome during sara. in this stu ...	2009	19783747
cocaine use by senior medical students.	the authors studied 589 senior medical students' attitudes about and use of cocaine. reported use was 36% in the students' lifetimes, 17% in the past year, and 6% in the past month. overall, these rates were lower than those of an age-matched cohort.	2009	2784037
immunoprecipitation of cell lysates with rap-5 does not specifically detect ras oncogene product p21.	in the process of developing accurate quantitation of the ras protein (p21), we have screened available anti-ras antibodies for their utility in immunoprecipitation. immunoprecipitation with the anti-ras antibody rap-5 consistently failed to precipitate p21 present in two different cell lines (hsic-5 and mcf-7), but did precipitate numerous other proteins present in these cell lines. specificity in immunoprecipitation could not be achieved by varying the concentration of rap-5. in addition, immu ...	2009	2687155
health impact of renal disease due to nephrotoxicity.	both acute and chronic renal failure are reported in the context of nephrotoxicity. this overview of some major nephrotoxins reflects both the magnitude and the cost of this preventable health problem. aminoglycosides and other antibiotics, contrast media and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the best documented nephrotoxins related to acute renal failure. analgesic nephropathy is the best known drug-induced chronic renal disease. the cost of renal failure due to nephrotoxicity is not eas ...	2009	2650034
clinical and metabolic study of a new pill containing 20 mcg ethinylestradiol plus 0.150 mg desogestrel.	the clinical and metabolic effects of a short-term treatment with a combination contraceptive pill containing 0.150 mg desogestrel and 20 mcg ethinylestradiol were evaluated in a group of 17 healthy women. in spite of the low estrogen content, the pill exerted a good cycle control and the incidence of irregular bleedings was low. the minor side effects commonly associated with oral contraceptive (oc) use rarely occurred, and an improvement of premenstrual symptoms was reported during pill intake ...	2010	2956055
[2 cases of pneumoblastoma with pulmonary metastases responsive to chemotherapy].		2010	2950479
[clinical use of pantethine by parenteral route in the treatment of hyperlipidemia].	recent investigations have confirmed the effectiveness and the excellent tolerability of pantethine, a derivative of pantetheine, an essential part of the acetylation coenzyme coa, administered p.o., in normalizing the blood lipid concentrations of patients with hyperlipidemias. a group of 18 patients with hyperlipidemias (9 m, 9 f), with an average age of 52.6 years, was submitted to pantethine parenteral treatment. after a 20 days wash-out, pantethine (400 mg/day; bid) was administered intramu ...	2010	2970754
the versatility of hydroxyapatite blocks in maxillofacial surgery.	there is considerable interest at present in the potential role of calcium hydroxyapatite as a biomaterial for bone augmentation in oral and maxillofacial surgery. most of the published work has been on the particulate form, mainly in alveolar ridge procedures. however, hydroxyapatite is also available as solid or porous blocks. the blocks are more predictable in their use than are the particles, and are adaptable and versatile. this paper reviews the biological behaviour of the material and dis ...	2010	2825758
oophoropexy and the management of hodgkin's disease. a reevaluation of the risks and benefits.	female patients with hodgkin's disease who undergo staging laparotomy frequently have oophoropexy performed to preserve both fertility and hormone production. because of recent changes in therapy favoring systemic chemotherapy rather than total nodal irradiation for patients with stage iii hodgkin's disease, the need for oophoropexy may be less than previously described. thirty-nine women of childbearing age underwent laparotomy at the university of north carolina, chapel hill, from 1970 to 1984 ...	2010	2943253
[analysis of the spectrum of acth-immunoreactive peptides in the brain of inbred mice].	the acth-immunoreactive peptides (ip) distribution in the acid extract of brain and plasma fractions of c57bl/6, balb/c and f1 (c57bl/6 x balb/c) mice was investigated. ip were isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography. interstrain differences in the ip spectrum were found in intact mice and mice after exposure to stress in the "open-field" test.	2010	3017474
a gene expressed in undifferentiated vegetative dictyostelium is repressed by developmental pulses of camp and reinduced during dedifferentiation.	we describe the gene m4-1, whose unique pattern of developmental expression will allow us to study the molecular mechanisms controlling expression in undifferentiated cells in addition to repression in response to camp during development and reinduction during dedifferentiation. m4-1 is a dictyostelium gene expressed in the undifferentiated cell. we have shown that m4-1 continues to be expressed very early during the developmental cycle but is repressed at a later stage of development, at a time ...	2010	3010312
use of reca protein to enrich for homologous genes in a genomic library.	reca protein-coated probe has been utilized to enrich genomic digests for desired genes in order to facilitate cloning from genomic libraries. using a previously cloned hla-b27 gene as the reca-coated enrichment probe, we obtained a mean 108x increase in the ratio of specific to nonspecific plaques in lambda libraries screened for b27 variant alleles of estimated 99% homology to the probe. class i genes of lesser homology were less enriched: 6.7x for non-b27 genes of estimated greater than 95% h ...	2010	2901713
problem-oriented article summary.		2010	2863481
description of development of rumen ecosystem by pcr assay in milk-fed, weaned and finished lambs in an intensive fattening system.	this study examined the reticulo-rumen characteristics of the microbial community and its fermentative characteristics in milk-fed, at weaning and finished lambs in a conventional fattening system. five lambs were assigned to each of three groups: milk-fed lambs slaughtered at 30 days (t30), weaned lambs slaughtered at 45 days (t45) and 'finished lambs' slaughtered at 90 days (t90). at slaughter, rumen size, fermentation parameters (ph, volatile fatty acids and microbial enzyme activity) and pro ...	2010	20050953
genetic diversity and diet specificity of ruminal prevotella revealed by 16s rrna gene-based analysis.	16s rrna gene-based analysis of rumen prevotella was carried out to estimate the diversity and diet specificity of bacteria belonging to this genus. total dna was extracted from the rumen digesta of three sheep fed two diets with different hay-to-concentrate ratios (10 : 1 and 1 : 2). real-time pcr quantification of prevotella revealed that the relative abundance of this genus in the total rumen bacteria was up to 19.7%, while the representative species prevotella bryantii and prevotella ruminic ...	2010	20158525
detection and identification of rumen bacteria constituting a fibrolytic consortium dominated by fibrobacter succinogenes.	a fibrolytic consortium, dominated by the rumen cellulolytic bacterium fibrobacter succinogenes, was artificially constructed on hay stems to detect and identify rumen bacteria that can potentially interact with f. succinogenes. consortium-bacterial members were determined by dgge and sequencing analysis targeted bacterial 16s rdna. an artificial consortium was formed in a 2-step incubation of hay stems; the first step with group 1, 2 or 3 f. succinogenes strains, the second step with rumen flui ...	2010	20163675
diversity and abundance of the bacterial 16s rrna gene sequences in forestomach of alpacas (lama pacos) and sheep (ovis aries).	two bacterial 16s rrna gene clone libraries were constructed from the forestomach of alpacas and sheep fed alfalfa. after the amplification using the universal 16s rrna gene primers, equal quantities of pcr products from the same species were mixed and used to construct the two libraries. sequence analysis showed that the 60 clones from alpacas were divided into 27 phylotypes with 25% clones affiliated with eubacterium sp. f1. the 60 clones from sheep were divided into 21 phylotypes with 7 phylo ...	2010	20558310
comparative genome analysis of prevotella ruminicola and prevotella bryantii: insights into their environmental niche.	the prevotellas comprise a diverse group of bacteria that has received surprisingly limited attention at the whole genome-sequencing level. in this communication, we present the comparative analysis of the genomes of prevotella ruminicola 23 (genbank: cp002006) and prevotella bryantii b(1)4 (genbank: adwo00000000), two gastrointestinal isolates. both p. ruminicola and p. bryantii have acquired an extensive repertoire of glycoside hydrolases that are targeted towards non-cellulosic polysaccharide ...	2010	20585943
phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences reveals rumen bacterial diversity in yaks (bos grunniens).	six matured male yaks (bos grunniens) with a mean live weight of 450 +/- 23 kg (mean +/- sd), were housed indoors in metabolism cages and fed pelleted lucerne (medicago sativum). after an adjustment period of 24 days of feeding the diet, samples of rumen content were obtained for analysis of the bacteria in the liquor. the diversity of rumen bacteria was investigated by constructing a 16s rrna gene clone library using the general bacterial primers f27 and r1492. a total of 130 clones, comprising ...	2010	19757178
molecular diversity of bacteria in yunnan yellow cattle (bos taurs) from nujiang region, china.	the rumen content of four yunnan yellow cattle (bos taurs) were collected to determine the bacteria diversity by using 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. a total of 129 sequences were examined and the sequences were referred as 107 otu (operational taxonomy unit) according to the similarity level of 97% in gene sequence. similarity analysis revealed that yunnan yellow cattle had 12 sequences (10 otu) shared 97% or greater similarity with cultured rumen bacteria butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, succinicl ...	2011	21598111
biochemical characterization and relative expression levels of multiple carbohydrate esterases of the xylanolytic rumen bacterium prevotella ruminicola 23 grown on an ester-enriched substrate.	we measured expression and used biochemical characterization of multiple carbohydrate esterases by the xylanolytic rumen bacterium prevotella ruminicola 23 grown on an ester-enriched substrate to gain insight into the carbohydrate esterase activities of this hemicellulolytic rumen bacterium. the p. ruminicola 23 genome contains 16 genes predicted to encode carbohydrate esterase activity, and based on microarray data, four of these were upregulated >2-fold at the transcriptional level during grow ...	2011	21742923
oesophageal pain exacerbated by propranolol.		2011	3113570
relationship of histologic grade of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) to tumor size, and demonstration of tumor cells of multiple different grades in single small hcc.	the histologic features of 65 surgically resected cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) were studied, and the cellular differentiation was graded from i to iv according to edmondson-steiner's classification. hcc cells of 2 or more grades were seen in 31 (47.7%) of the 65 cases. there was no significant difference in the proportion of hcc composed of tumor cells of more than one histologic grade between hccs with association with liver cirrhosis and without cirrhosis. among these 31 cases, extr ...	2011	3033422
environmental stress, reactivity and ischaemic heart disease.	this article provides an overview of work in two areas of biobehavioural research: the effects of environmental stress and the role of psychophysiologic reactivity in the development of ischaemic heart disease. attention is given first to evidence that low socio-economic status, low social support, and occupational settings characterized by high demands and low levels of control over the job are associated with increased coronary risk. also discussed is a promising animal primate model of social ...	2011	3129010