Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| l-asparagainases from citrobacter freundii. | three enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of l-asparagine have been identified in extracts of citrobacter freundii. one of these (asparaginase-glutaminase (ec 3.5.1.1) also shows substantial glutaminase activity. this enzyme is extremely labile, is sensitive to inactivation by p-chloromercuribenzoate, and is not protected by dithiothreitol. a second enzyme (asparaginase b) is also sensitive to mercurials but is protected from inactivation by dithiothreitol. this enzyme has a relatively low aff ... | 1977 | 401650 |
| in vitro activity of netilmicin, gentamicin, and amikacin. | the in vitro activity of netilmicin (sch 20569), a new semisynthetic derivative of gentamicin, was compared with that of gentamicin and amikacin. one hundred and ninety-two clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and staphylococcus aureus were tested using both agar and broth dilution techniques. netilmicin was comparable to gentamicin, with the following exceptions: (i) for serratia marcescens and p. aeruginosa, gentamicin was more active than netilmicin; (ii) all strai ... | 1977 | 402104 |
| [characterization of the esterases of citrobacter and comparison with the esterases of levinea]. | 1977 | 404090 | |
| [preliminary tests of the influence of wastewaters from sugar-factories upon the numbers of intestinal bacteria in water (author's transl)]. | this work presents the results of experiments dealing with the influence of wastewaters from 2 sugar factories in the czechoslovakia upon some representatives of intestinal bacteria: e. coli, c. feundii, e. aerogenes, s. anatum, s. schottmuelleri, s. typhi-murium, sh. sonnei and str. faecalis. the experiments were carried out at 30, 20 and 10 degrees c. the experiments have shown that the presterilized waste-water from sugar factory (in bohemia and in slovakia) caused rapid multiplication of the ... | 1977 | 407746 |
| techniques for the assessment of growth of micro-organisms on plumbing materials used in contact with potable water supplies. | 1977 | 409706 | |
| combined action of phosphomycin with streptomycin and gentamicin. | the combined action of phosphomycin with streptomycin and gentamicin against 41 strains of gram-positive micrococci (s. aureus and str. faecalis) and 87 strains of gram-negative bacilli (including 38 strains of pseudomonas) was evaluated. the combination of phosphomycin with streptomycin acted synergistically against 12 strains of gram-positive micrococci, and the combination of phosphomycin with gentmicin against 10 strains. the combination of phosphomycin with streptomycin acted synergisticall ... | 1977 | 348150 |
| effect of serum from various animal species on erythrocyte attachment of endotoxins and other bacterial antigens. | lipopolysaccharide o antigens (endotoxins) and other bacterial antigens readily attach to erythrocytes in vitro. this attachment is prevented by certain mammalian and avian sera. in this study, the inhibitory capacity of sera from lower animals was compared with that of higher animals for a total of 30 species. antigens and the corresponding antisera included both crude o antigens and purified lipopolysaccharide preparations, the common enterobacterial antigen from escherichia coli o14, the vi a ... | 1977 | 591059 |
| dietary, bacterial, and host genetic interactions in the pathogenesis of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. | transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia, cuased by a variant of citrobacter freundii (4280). was shown to be modified by diet and by host strain and species. four different diets fed to mice inoculated with c frundii 4280 were found to have a significant but varying influence on the severity of hyperplasia. diet also influenced the colonic crypt height of uninoculated, control mice. f344 rats, syrian hamsters, and nih swiss [n:(s)], c57bl/6j, c3h/hej, and dba/2j mice were inoculated with c freu ... | 1977 | 599885 |
| [effectiveness of cystolusis with rifamycin sv in patients with permanent catheters]. | it has tested the effect of rifamicina sv in the cystolusis employed on patients with permanent catheter: compared to the treatment with physiological solution this one, with rifamicina sv, has showed, in most cases, the lower incidence of urine bacteria and their quick negative answer. this by an only local theatment. during the experiment has also been showed the possibility for the rifamicina sv of selecting the citrobacter as a resistant bacterial species. | 1977 | 614606 |
| [presence of resistance factors to antibiotics in multiresistant enterobacteria]. | the present study was carried out with 111 multiresistant pathogenic strains of enterobacterias isolated from different sources with increased resistance to three or more antibiotics. among the identified species are included e. coli, shigella sp., salmonella oranienburg, klebsiella pneumoniae and citrobacter freundii. in general, the minimal inhibitory concentration of antibiotics was above 100 microgram/ml and in some cases it was superior to 1000 microgram/ml. resistance transfer factors were ... | 1977 | 614652 |
| the evolution of the sensitivity to fosfomycin over the past two years. | the sensitivity of 1,823 bacteriological strains of differing types is shown (e. coli, klebsiella-enterobacter-serratia, proteus-providence, pseudomonas, salmonella-shigella-citrobacter, haemophilus, staphylococcus and streptococcus); all of clinical origin, isolated during march and april, 1975. the methods used were series of double dilutions in mueller-hinton agar and the disc-plate method (weight of 50 mug). a comparative study is made of the sensitivity between a part of the present strains ... | 1977 | 832547 |
| prototrophic growth of citrobacter freundii and the biochemical basis for its apparent growth requirements in aerated media. | 1977 | 833571 | |
| laboratory evaluation of fr10024 a new cephalosporin derivative. | fr10024 is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. the in vitro antibacterial activity of fr10024 against clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and proteus mirabilis is greater than that of any of the cephalosporins developed to date. indole-positive proteus, enterobacter, and citrobacter are resistant to fr10024, as is true for the other cephalosporins. however, more than half of the strains of enterobacter and citrobacter tested were susceptible to fr10024 a ... | 1977 | 836014 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility patterns (antibiograms) as an aid in differentiating citrobacter species. | the hydrogen sulfide-negative citrobacter group represents a taxonomic problem. various investigators have proposed such designations as padlewskia, levinea, atypical enterobacter cloacae, h2s-negative variants of citrobacter, citrobacter koseri and citrobacter diversus. this problem has been investigated with emphasis on antibiograms as a means of discrimination. clinical isolates fitting the designation citrobacter were studied and, using the criteria of ewing and davis, separated into two gro ... | 1977 | 836626 |
| distinctive electrophoretic patterns of esterases from levinea malonatica, levinea amalonatica and citrobacter. | esterases of 42 strains of levinea malonatica, levinea amalonatica and citrobacter were analysed by horizontal slab electrophoresis in polyacrylamide-agarosegel using several synthetic substrates. on the basis of esterase zymograms a distinctive pattern was established for each of the three species. levinea malonatica was characterized by two major bands: one hydrolysing acetate esters but not butyrate esters; and the other hydrolysing alpha-naphthyl acetate and reacting weakly with alpha-naphth ... | 1977 | 856943 |
| [characteristics of bacteria of the genus citrobacter, isolated from healthy children and children with different acute gastrointestinal diseases]. | the authors examined 250 children suffering from various acute gastrointestinal diseases, and 100 healthy children. positive cultures of bacteria belonging to the citrobacter genus were obtained in 38% of the patients and in 20% of the healthy persons. there were revealed no cultural or biochemical differences between the strains isolated from the sick and healthy individuals. there were revealed no cultural or biochemical differences between the strains isolated from the sich and healthy person ... | 1977 | 868406 |
| [main theme i. antibiotics - resistance of infection--nosocomial infections. properties of chemotherapeutics and their influence on the body-specific flora]. | 1977 | 876135 | |
| serologic relationship of fimbriae among enterobacteriaceae. | the existence of serological relationship of fimbriae among serotypes of the same genus and among genera of enterobacteriaceae was determined by agglutination and absorption procedures. it was found that fimbriae of different serotypes of the same genus and among the genera a) escherichia, shigella and klebsiella, and b) salmonella, arizona and citrobacter were more or less antigentically related. no relationship was found among fimbriae of the edwardsiella, enterobacter, hafnia, serratia, prote ... | 1977 | 880000 |
| [sensitivity to antibiotics of bacteria of the genus citrobacter isolated from patients with acute intestinal infections of unclear etiology]. | sensitivity of citrobacter isolated from the patients with acute gastro-intestinal infections of unknown etiology in volgograd was studied. the antibiotic sensitivity to antibiotics was determined by the method of dilution in nutrient agar. most of the isolates were sensitive to kanamycin, tetracycline and polymyxin. all strains were resistant to ristomycin. the sensitivity of the local strains differed from that described in the literature. among sero groups 05, 08 and 023 all strains were resi ... | 1977 | 883782 |
| thermal inactivation of a citrobacter ribonuclease: influence of polyamines and ionic strength. | 1977 | 883832 | |
| [microbiological pollution of the environment due to breeding. i. enterobacteriaceae due to cattle breeding]. | enterobacteriaceae from faeces of cattle belonging to four cattle farms situated in the ferrara district were investigated. at the same time, investigation was made of effluent sewage and recipient wells (upstream and downstream). the cattle (of the italian frisona breed) resulted uncontaminated by salmonellae, but proved to be very susceptible to arizona, citrobacter, shigella and s. gallinarum-pullorum infections, coming from the environment. predominant species in faeces were as follows: prot ... | 1977 | 911464 |
| cerebral abscesses complicating neonatal citrobacter freundii meningitis. | 1977 | 919545 | |
| morphogenesis of early 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine-induced lesions and latent period reduction of colon carcinogenesis in mice by a variant of citrobacter freundii. | the morphogenesis of 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine (dmh)-induced lesions in the colon of outbred nih swiss mice was determined for up to 5 months of treatment. the effect of hyperplasia on dmh carcinogenesis was also evaluated by introducing a transient hyperplastic stimulus to the colon during the chronic weekly treatment regimen of dmh. the hyperplastic stimulus was a naturally occurring disease of mice, transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia, which is caused by a variant of citrobacter freundii. i ... | 1977 | 922726 |
| in vitro studies with cefazaflur and other parenteral cephalosporins. | cefazaflur has a broad-spectrum of in vitro antibacterial activity equal to or greater than that of the commercially-available cephalosporins. in addition, cefazaflur has activity against isolates of enterobacter, citrobacter and indole-positive proteus; however, this activity decreased markedly when the mic determinations were carried out with a large inoculum size. a similar inoculum effect was observed with cefamandole, however, cefoxitin's activity was relatively unchanged at increased inocu ... | 1977 | 924896 |
| antimicrobial sensitivity of aerobic gram-negative rods isolated from bovin udder infections. | antimicrobial sensitivity of 214 aerobic gram-negative rods recovered from infected bovine mammary glands was determined. seventeen antimicrobial agents were used. more than 90% of the cultures were sensitive to chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and polymyxin b. these 3 antimicrobials are not approved for infusion into the bovine mammary gland. escherichia coli was most sensitive to the 17 antimicrobials, and in decreasing sequence, klebsiella pneumoniae, citrobacter spp, enterobacter spp, and proteu ... | 1977 | 931132 |
| [the gc content of a group of h2s- enterobacterial related to the genus citrobacter]. | the deoxyribonculeic acid (dna) of 106 strains of enterobacteria was analysed for the guanine + cytosine (gc) content. these strains, whose origin and principal characters are described in the text, belong to the genera citrobacter (c. freundii h2s-) and levinea (l. malonatica and l. amalonatica). four other groups or classes named c.d.e. and f. could not be classified on the base of the usual phenotypic criteria. dna from the strains of levinea has a gc% of 50.3 to 53.3, while dna from the stra ... | 1978 | 638898 |
| some interesting isolates from a diagnostic laboratory. | citrobacter koseri, plesiomonas shigelloides, edwardsiella tarda, yersinia enterocolitica, alkalescens dispar, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and vibrio alginolyticus were seven interesting microorganisms isolated recently in our diagnostic laboratory. | 1978 | 641196 |
| hydrogen sulfide-producing citrobacter diversus. a re-emphasis of the potential ability of all enterobacteriaceae to manifest this quality. | among 68 strains of citrobacter diversus isolated in a community hospital in a year and a half, six were characterized by late h2s production in iron-agar slants, while otherwise typical. although not recorded in standard tabulations, the potential for enterobacteriaciae to develop this quality by plasmid transfer appears to be virtually unlimited, and dictates caution in the use of failure to produce h2s as a criterion for exclusion. in the present group, the use of the adonitol reaction as a m ... | 1978 | 645641 |
| bacterial contamination of pulmonary artery catheters. | the catheter tips of 152 patients, who were haemodynamically supervised by pulmonary artery monitoring or continuous cardiac output determination, were bacteriologically examined. 106 cultures remained sterile, 21 cultures revealed a growth of non pathogenic organisms. staphylococcus aureus was cultured 15 times, pseudomonas aeruginosa 4 times, citrobacter as well as escherichia coli twice, and klebsiella and enterobacter once each. there was no statistically significant connection between dwell ... | 1978 | 649839 |
| citrobacter infections of the central nervous system in early infancy. | 1978 | 650353 | |
| [resistance to antibiotics of conditionally pathogenic enterobacteria of the genera, citrobacter and hafnia]. | antibiotic sensitivity of 363 strains of citrobacter and 124 strains of hafnia isolated from patients with acute intestine infections and healthy persons was studied. it was found that 44.6 per cent of the citrobacter isolates and 36.3 per cent of the hafnia isolates were resistant to one or more antibiotics. different sensitivity of the bacteria of these 2 genera of the conditionally pathogenic enterobacteria to definite antibiotics was shown. the resistant strains of citrobacter to negramon, m ... | 1978 | 655688 |
| heterotrophic bacteria present in hindguts of wood-eating termites [reticulitermes flavipes (kollar)]. | strict anaerobic culture techniques were used to quantitate heterotrophic bacteria present in hindguts of reticulitermes flavipes. the grand mean number of viable cells per hindgut was 0.4 x 10(5) (first-instar larvae), 1.3 x 10(5) (third-instar larvae), 3.5 x 10(5) (workers), and 1.5 x 10(5) (soldiers). of a total of 344 isolates, 66.3% were streptococci that were always obtained regardless of the origin of termites, their developmental stage or caste, or their length of captivity. most of the ... | 1978 | 655709 |
| effects of cephalexin, erythromycin and clindamycin on the aerobic gram-negative faecal flora in man. | the effects of 5-day courses of orally administered cephalexin, clindamycin and erythromycin on the gram-negative, aerobic faecal flora of healthy adults were examined. the concentration of cephalexin reached in the intestine was high enough to cause the emergence of resistant gram-negative bacteria; organisms belonging to the genera enterobacter, citrobacter and pseudomonas increased to easily detectable levels. the faecal concentration of erythromycin was high and caused a severe reduction of ... | 1978 | 660638 |
| [microorganisms that break down alkyl sulfates]. | the following bacteria assimilating alkyl sulphates as a sole source of carbon and energy were isolated from various substrates: pseudomonas, achromobacter, flavobacterium, citrobacter, enterobacter. the bacteria decomposed sodium dodecyl sulphate at a high rate, and some of them, industrial preparations of alkyl sulphates. the ability to assimilate alkyl sulphates was tested in 257 collection cultures belonging to different taxonomic groups. alkyl sulphates were found to be decomposed by hetero ... | 1978 | 661643 |
| transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. | after exposure to a variant of citrobacter freundii, suckling and adult mice developed transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia of the same degree of severity. mucosal hyperplasia was most severe 2 to 3 weeks after inoculation and then regressed. suckling mice had a high mortality because of secondary inflammatory and erosive changes. severe hyperplasia was characterized by mitotic activity along the entire crypt column and surface mucosa. | 1978 | 664189 |
| [participation of conditionally pathogenic enterobacteria in the processes of intestinal dysbacteriosis]. | the presence of a number of conditioned-pathogenic enterobacteria (klebsiella, citrobacter, enterobacter) in patients with intestinal dysbacteriosis, and also their detection in derangement of normal intestinal biocenosis in patients with chronic intestinal disturbances with clinical manifestations of this condition, even in the absence of known bacteriological indications of dysbacteriosis was revealed. results of investigations led the authors to the conclusion on the participation of a number ... | 1978 | 665052 |
| synergy of azlocillin and mezlocillin combined with aminoglycoside antibiotics and cephalosporins. | synergistic activity between both azlocillin and mezlocillin and aminoglycosides or cefazolin could be demonstrated by checkerboard dilution, isobologram, and killing curve techniques. azlocillin and mezlocillin combined with gentamicin, netilmicin, or amikacin were synergistic against escherichia coli, klebsiella, citrobacter, enterobacter, serratia, and indole-positive proteus. synergy was observed with isolates that were susceptible or resistant to azlocillin or mezlocillin. synergy was seen ... | 1978 | 666302 |
| a bacterial disease of the darwin's frog (rhinoderma darwini). | ulceration and necrosis of the rostrum in darwin's frogs was investigated microbiologically and histopathologically. the condition was attributed to infection with aeromonas liquefaciens and, possibly, an acinetobacter sp. | 1978 | 672182 |
| [arginine metabolism in citrobacter]. | the authors studied ways of utilization of arginine and of the products of its metabolism (ornithine, agmatine, and urea) in the microoganisms of citrobacter genus. arginine- and ornithine-decarboxylase activity was revealed by spectrophotometric method of decarboxylation products in the form of dinitrophenyl-derivatives in a small number of strains. almost all the strains studied demonstrated a sufficiently high agmatine-ureohydrolase reaction. arginase was constantly revealed. these microbes w ... | 1978 | 676600 |
| azlocillin and mezlocillin: new ureido penicillins. | the activity of azlocillin and mezlocillin, new semisynthetic ureido penicillins, was investigated and compared with that of other known beta-lactam antibiotics. at a concentration of 25 mug/ml, azlocillin inhibited 74% of enterobacter, 97% of proteus mirabilis, 64% of citrobacter, 91% of pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 82% of bacteroides strains tested. mezlocillin inhibited 86% of shigella, 96% of enterobacter, 80% of indole-positive proteus, 88% of bacteroides, and 63% of pseudomonas strains test ... | 1978 | 677860 |
| clinical significance of citrobacter isolates. | little is know about the clinical significance of isolating citrobacter in the clinical laboratory. during a one-year period, 116 citrobacter isolates were obtained from 77 patients with 83 suspected infectious episodes. the majority of the suspected infectious episodes involved the urinary tract (45%) or respiratory tract (41%). citrobacter diversus was associated with 42% of the episodes, citrobacter freundii with 29%, and citrobacter species with 29%. in 42% of the suspected infectious episod ... | 1978 | 696671 |
| activity of 5-episisomicin compared with that of other aminoglycosides. | 5-episisomicin, a semisynthetic aminoglycoside, has been shown to inhibit many members of the enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and staphylococcus aureus. at a concentration of 3.1 mug/ml, more than 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter, citrobacter, indole-positive proteus, and providencia were inhibited. 5-episisomicin had activity against s. aureus, e. coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, and citrobacter similar to gentamicin and netilmicin. it had activity similar ... | 1978 | 697347 |
| h2-producing bacteria in digesting sewage sludge isolated on simmple, defined media. | twenty percent of bacteria isolated on simple, defined anaerobic media produced h2. eighty-four percent of these were isolated on glucose. all were enterobacteriaceae, primarily citrobacter. | 1978 | 697371 |
| cephamycin derivatives: comparison of the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of sq 14,359, cs-1170, and cefoxitin. | sq 14,359 is a new cephamycin-type (7alpha-och3) antibiotic belonging to a series containing a 7alpha-ureidoacetyl substituent. the compound is the most potent extended spectrum derivative of this type yet reported, surpassing cs-1170 and cefoxitin by a wide margin. this activity in vitro which extends throughout the enterobacteriaceae is particularly prominent against gram-negative organisms that are producers of "cephalosporinase-type" beta-lactamases such as enterobacter, serratia, citrobacte ... | 1978 | 711611 |
| [genus levinea: bacteriological study of 18 strains isolated from man]. | 1978 | 715299 | |
| sce-963, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin: in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities. | sce-963 {7beta-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)acetamido]-3-[({1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)- 1h-tetrazol-5-yl}thio)methyl]-ceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid}, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, showed excellent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including haemophilus influenzae, indole-positive proteus, enterobacter species, and citrobacter freundii. the minimum inhibitory concentrations of sce-963 against most strains of clinically isolated escherichia coli, klebsiella pneum ... | 1978 | 718154 |
| elementary processes in the interaction of tyrosine phenol lyase with inhibitors and substrate. | 1978 | 721797 | |
| relative importance of enterotoxigenic and invasive enteropathogenic bacteria in infantile diarrhoea. | swedish children and adults (648 patients) with acute diarrhoea were investigated for enterotoxigenic strains in stool cultures. a total number 74 strains were isolated from 28 patients and assayed in the rabbit intestinal loop test and the adrenal cell test. only three of the enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec) isolates belonged to classical enteropathogenic serotypes of e. coli (epec). two enterotoxigenic strains of proteus morganii, two of enterobacter hafniae and one of citrobacter freundii were ... | 1978 | 735553 |
| in vitro activity of oxolinic acid and nalidixic acid against common urinary pathogens: a comparative study. | a study was carried out to compare the sensitivity of 500 bacterial strains, isolated from patients with urinary tract infections, to oxolinic acid and nalidixic acid. the results showed that whilst both antibacterial agents were similar in their bacterial spectrum they were not identical in terms of cross-sensitivity or resistance. where there was a difference in sensitivity, this was always in flavour of oxolinic acid and was particularly evident in the case of staphylococcus, pseudomonas, ser ... | 1978 | 738079 |
| instability of the tetrathionate respiratory chain of citrobacter freundii. | the formate--tetrathionate reductase redox pathway of citrobacter freundii is associated with the cytoplasmic membrane fraction. a high concentration of phosphate in the buffer used for cell disintegration assists in the preparing of membrane particles capable of efficient tetrathionate respiration. a part of this effect at least may be attributed to the high ionic strength of the buffer. | 1978 | 744552 |
| [characteristics of the enterobacteria strains isolated from the urine in urinary tract infections]. | study of biochemical properties of 421 strains of enterobacteria permitted to refer them to the following taxonomic groups of which e. coli constituted 83,4 +/- 3.6%, enterobactercloacae--97 +/- 3.0%, klebsiella 4.0 +/- 2.0%. enterobacter aerogenes, enterobacter hafnia, citrobacter, proteus rettgeri, proteus vulgaris were revealed in individual cases (0.2-1.0%). as a result of serological typing there were revealed 105 serological types of escherichia differing by 55 o-antigen variants, 26 h-ant ... | 1978 | 747014 |
| l-arabinose-ornithine-irgasan medium for differentiating serratia species. | a semisolid medium (designated serratia differentiation medium) containing l-arabinose, ornithine, and selective inhibitor was used to differentiate three clinically encountered serratia species. the inhibitor, irgasan dp-300, was incorporated to eliminate false-positive reactions from most remaining enterobacteriaceae. the suspected serratia colony was inoculated as a stab into the medium. serratia marcescens was indicated by a change in color from olive to purple following 18 h of incubation, ... | 1978 | 348720 |
| differences between cephalothin and newer parenterally absorbed cephalosporins in vitro: a justification for separate disks. | the activities of cefamandole and cefoxitin in vitro were compared with that of cephalothin against staphylococci and gram-negative bacilli. cephalothin was the most active agent against staphylococci. cefamandole exhibited the greatest activity against the enterobacteriaceae, with the exceptions of serratia marcescens and indole-positive proteeae, against which cefoxitin was the most active antibiotic. the activity of newer cephalosporins that are resistant to the beta-lactamases of gram-negati ... | 1978 | 349096 |
| a comparative study of the activity of cefamandole and other cephalosporins and analysis of the beta-lactamase stability and synergy of cefamandole with aminoglycosides. | the antibacterial activity of cefamandole against 445 clinical isolates was investigated and compared with the activity of other known cephalosporins (cephalothin, cephaloridine, cephalexin, and cefazolin) and of two penicillins (ampicillin and carbenicillin). cefamandole was the most active antibiotic against isolates of citrobacter, enterobacter, and shigella, and its activity against staphylococcus aureus, bacteroides, and some members of the enterobacteriaceae was comparable to that of the o ... | 1978 | 349097 |
| comparison of micro-id, api 20e, and conventional media systems in identification of enterobacteriaceae. | the micro-id, a new identification kit for enterobacteriaceae, consists of 15 biochemical tests, with substrates and reagents impregnated in filter paper disks. a 0.2-ml amount of an organism suspension equal to a 0.5 mcfarland standard is pipetted into each of the compartments. after 4 h of incubation and addition of potassium-hydroxide (koh) to the voges-proskauer test, the color reactions are read according to the recommendations of the manufacturer. a five-digit octal code number is derived ... | 1978 | 353065 |
| bacterial colonization of neonates admitted to an intensive care environment. | in order to elucidate some of the factors responsible for the high rate of nosocomial infection associated with neonatal intensive care, we studied bacterial colonization in 63 infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit. in a six-month period, cultures of nose, throat, umbilicus, and stool were obtained on admission and every three days from all infants staying in the nicu greater than or equal to 3 days. study infants did not develop "normal" aerobic flora. forty-eight percent of infant ... | 1978 | 353239 |
| thermosensitive h1 plasmids determining citrate utilization. | twelve thermosensitive h1 plasmids from strains of salmonella typhi that had caused outbreaks of chloramphenicol-resistant typhoid fever in vietnam, thailand and india mediated citrate utilization (cit+) in a prototrophic escherichia coli k12 strain but not in the s. typhi strains from which they were derived. four h1 plasmids from a similar outbreak in mexico differed from the far eastern plasmids in not mediating citrate utlization but in mediating mercury resistance. h1 plasmids resembling th ... | 1978 | 370344 |
| [aromatic amino acid metabolism in enterobacteriaceae microorganisms]. | the authors revealed phenylalanine deaminase (pad) in the majority of the citrobacter strains investigated; the activity of pad varied within a rather considerable range (0.3--4.58 micrometer of phenylpiruvate in 1 hr per 1 mg of bacterial protein). the presence of this enzyme thus served as an auxiliary biochemical test characterising this group of conditionally pathogenic microbes of the enterobacteriacea family. tyrosine decarboxylase was absent in 26 of 50 strains of citrobacter examined. in ... | 1978 | 371304 |
| [nomenclature of the bacteria of the genus shigella and their systematic position in the family of enterobacteriaceae]. | 1978 | 371309 | |
| [monosaccharide composition of the lipopolysaccharides of bacteria of the genus citrobacter]. | the authors studied antigens obtained by grasset's method from 13 strains of citrobacter of the international collection. the strains possessed o- and h-antigens whose behaviur in the electric field differed. all the strains under study were divided into two groups (by the number of serologically-active components of their o-antigens); representatives of the second group had no cathode o-antigen component. chemical composition of specific lipopolysaccharides (lps) obtained by westphal's method w ... | 1978 | 569413 |
| comparison of four agar plating media with and without added novobiocin for isolation of salmonellae from beef and deboned poultry meat. | four plating media, hektoen enteric (he), xylose-lysine deoxycholate (xld), tryptic soy-xylose-lysine (tsxl), and tryptic soy-brillant green (tsbg) agars with and without 10 mg of added novobiocin per ml, were evaluated for recovery of salmonella from roast beef and deboned turkey. colonies producing a reaction typical of h(2)s-positive salmonellae (alkaline with black centers) were picked. on the media without novobiocin, from 109 determinations on 75 samples, number of salmonellae found and fa ... | 1978 | 569467 |
| the characteristic and clinical importance of bacteria of the genus citrobacter isolated from patients with acute intestinal infections on the territory of volgograd. | a total of 309 citrobacter strains isolated from patients with acute intestinal infections of obscure aetiology and from healthy subjects were investigated. species specificity of the bacterial cultures was determined by biochemical tests recommended by the international enterobacteriaceae subcommittee. citrobacter strains were titrated serologically in the reaction of agglutination on glass with a living culture and adsorbed 0-antisera. eighteen serological 0 groups were identified; 0 groups ... | 1978 | 570990 |
| characterization of motile and acetoin-negative klebsiella pneumoniae strains by dna: dna by hybridization. | hybridization studies were carried out to determine the extent of divergence between different members of the enterobacteriaceae and group d, previously described by numerical analysis of phenotypic characters, and comprising strains isolated from surface waters. this group, apparently belonging in or related to the genus citrobacter on the basis of the imvic tests differs from this taxon by numerical analysis and dna base composition. our work reveals a dna relatedness of 81-89% between the cen ... | 1978 | 378119 |
| piperacillin, a new penicillin active against many bacteria resistant to other penicillins. | the in vitro activity of piperacillin, a new semisynthetic piperazine penicillin derivative, was evaluated against 626 clinical isolates and compared with the activity of other beta-lactam antibiotics. at a concentration of 0.1 microgram/ml, piperacillin inhibited all streptococci except enterococci. non-beta-lactamase-producing staphylococci were inhibited by 1.6 microgram or less per ml. both beta-lactamase- and non-beta-lactamase-producing haemophilus were inhibited by 0.1 microgram/ml. piper ... | 1978 | 122519 |
| enterobacteria of emerging pathogenic significance from clinical cases in man and animals and detection of toads and wall lizards as their reservoirs. | a total of 416 samples comprising faecal samples from diarrhoeic cases of man, calves, sheep and goats, and urine samples from patients with urinary tract infections, were examined for the presence of enterobacteria of emerging pathogenic significance. citrobacter freundii from 20, c. intermedius biotype-a from four, serratia marcescens (serotype 05:h13, bactericin type 16) from one and erwinia herbicola from two human stool samples were isolated. only two urine samples yielded c. freundii. citr ... | 1978 | 582096 |
| [report on citrobacter strains having antigenic relationship with "e. coli", and their characteristics (author's transl)]. | during a research done on the diffusion of enteropathogenic e. coli in a children's community, 24 strains of citrobacter have been isolated. by agglutination and agar-gel diffusion techniques, they looked to have some somatic antigens in common with those serogroups of enteropathogenic e. coli. the results were as follows: 14 strains were correlated with the serogroup o111; 9 strains with the serogroup o125 and 1 strain with the serogroup o55. the isolation of these strains has been made at the ... | 1978 | 380480 |
| rapid enumeration of fecal coliforms in water by a colorimetric beta-galactosidase assay. | the colorimetric beta-galactosidase assay is based upon the enzymatic hydrolysis of the substrate o-nitrophenyl-beta-d-galactoside (onpg) by fecal coliforms. this technique provides an estimate of the fecal coliform concentration within 8 to 20 h. a 100-ml portion of test sample was passed through a 0.45 micrometer membrane filter. this filter was then incubated at 37 degrees c for 1 h in ec medium followed by the addition of filter-sterilized onpg. the incubation was continued at 44.5 degrees c ... | 1978 | 414659 |
| comparative immunological studies on arylsulfatase in bacteria of the family enterobacteriaceae: occurrence of latent arylsulfatase protein regulated by sulfur compounds and tyramine. | the arylsulfatases of 21 strains of the family enterobacteriaceae were compared by measuring their enzymatic activities and immunological reactivities. enzyme formation under repressing, nonrepressing, and derepressing conditions was tested. antiserum prepared against pure arylsulfatase from klebsiella aerobgenes w70 was tested against the enzyme extracts from the strains using double diffusion, quantitative precipitation, and immunoelectrophoresis. no close relationship was found between arylsu ... | 1978 | 415041 |
| characterization and clinical identification of enterobacteriaceae by dna hybridization. | 1978 | 345354 | |
| enterotoxin-producing bacteria stools from swedish united nations soldiers in cyprus. | a study was designed to establish the role of heat-labile enterotoxin producing escherichia coli and other intestinal pathogens in diarrhoeal disease in swedish soldiers of the united nations' force in cyprus. before leaving sweden for cyprus, no enteropathogens were isolated from the soldiers. the study was performed from october 1975 through january 1976 and in august 1976. enterotoxigenic strains of e. coli, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae and klebsiella pneumoniae were the intesti ... | 1978 | 355145 |
| differentiation of serratia marcescens and serratia liquefaciens by tests for lipase and phospholipase production. | the production of lipase and phospolipase by certain members of the enterobacteriaceae was examined by thin-layer chromatography of resting-cell suspensions incubated with triolein or lecithin. most strains of serratia marcescens produced both enzymes while most strains of serratia liquefaciens exhibited strong lipase but only a minor phospholipase activity. enterobacter spp. (25 strains), klebsiella pneumoniae (20 strains), escherichia coli (15 strains), citrobacter freundii (7 strains) and pro ... | 1978 | 355631 |
| isolation of klebsielleae from within living wood. | previous studies from this laboratory have documented the presence of coliform bacteria emanating from wooden reservoirs containing finished drinking water. coliforms were identified as klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter spp. in the present report, evidence is presented which suggests that the origin of these coliforms is from the wood used to construct the reservoirs. in liquid expressed from freshly cut redwood, total bacterial counts in the range of 10(5) to 10(6)/ml were commonly observe ... | 1978 | 358920 |
| performance of enterobacteriaceae identification systems. an analysis of college of american pathologists survey data. | commercial systems designed and marketed for evaluation of enterobacteriaceae are used in many clinical microbiology laboratories. evaluations of these systems have been reported from several large laboratories. identifications with one or more of these systems were compared with those obtained by conventional methods with many strains of organisms. the microbiology resource committee of the college of american pathologists designed two surveys to evaluate the performances of commercial systems ... | 1978 | 360823 |
| distribution of enterobacteriaceae in recycled manure bedding on california dairies. | the distribution of coliform organisms on three california dairies which use a system of automatic flushing of alley ways and composted, recycled manure solids as free stall bedding for utilization of waste was studied. there was a wide distribution of escherichia coli, klebsiella, and enterobacter and to less extent citrobacter organisms. klebsiella were not commonly in bovine feces. composting manure solids effectively reduced coliform counts to few or to zero. however, if given proper conditi ... | 1978 | 361769 |
| the significance of serum-sensitive bacilli in gram-negative bacteremia. | clinical findings from 76 patients (median age 67 years) with gram-negative bacteremia were analysed and related to the sensitivity of the blood isolates to the bactericidal activity of normal human serum. 28 strains (37%) were resistant, an equal number intermediately sensitive and 20 markedly sensitive (26%). no correlation was found between serum sensitivity and origin of the bacteremia, presence of fever or blood granulocyte count. the frequency of shock in immunocompromised patients with se ... | 1978 | 362514 |
| [experience with a new culture medium for salmonella diagnosis (author's transl)]. | a new medium for the cultivation of salmonella is presented which enables an immediate distinction of proteus bacteria and citrobacter. the time needed for diagnosis is reduced, expenditure on staff and material will be reduced. the "positive" salmonella yield from faeces specimens is increased as compared to leifson agar and ss agar. | 1978 | 345692 |
| [in vitro activity of cefoxitin compared with the activity of other antibiotics and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (author's transl)]. | the new developed antibiotic cefoxitin has been tested in vitro on its effectiveness against bacteria isolated from human material. pseudomonas aeruginosa and streptococci of the serological group d were not tested, because these microorganisms are not sensitive against this antibiotic. besides cefoxitin other antibiotics (cephalothin, cephalexin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin, penicillin g, oxacillin) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were also tested. as to the results ce ... | 1978 | 347234 |
| citrobacter o-antigens: structure of the o-antigenic polysaccharide from citrobacter sp. 396. | the structure of the o-specific polysaccharide moiety of the lipopolysaccharide from citrobacter 396 was elucidated by composition, methylation, and periodate oxidation studies. the repeating unit consists of four 2-linked mannoses and one 3-linked n-acetylglucosamine. one of the mannose units is substituted at c3 with alpha-glucose, and one is substituted at c3 with alpha-(2-o-acetyl)-abequose. all the mannosyl linkages appear to have the beta-configuration; the n-acetylglucosaminyl linkage has ... | 1978 | 207667 |
| cefuroxime, a beta-lactamase-resistant cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of gram-positive and -negative activity. | the in vitro activity of cefuroxime, a cephalosporin antibiotic, was investigated against 604 isolates and compared with the activity of other beta-lactam compounds. cefuroxime had activity comparable to that of other cephalosporins, including cefamandole and cefoxitin, against streptococcal and staphylococcal species; most streptococci were inhibited by 0.1 mug or less per ml, and staphylococci were inhibited by 1.6 mug or less per ml. enterococci were relatively resistant. cefuroxime inhibited ... | 1978 | 248268 |
| combined activitiy of clavulanic acid and ticarcillin against ticarcillin-resistant, gram-negative bacilli. | fifty-one clinical isolates of ticarcillin-resistant, gram-negative bacilli were tested for susceptibility to combinations of ticarcillin and clavulanic acid (brl 14151), a potent beta-lactamase inhibitor. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) were measured by a microdilution method, and minimal bactericidal concentrations for selected strains were measured by the broth dilution method. ticarcillin mics were >/=128 mug/ml for all and >/=512 mug/ml for 38 (75%) of the strains. thirty-nine stra ... | 1978 | 308792 |
| [cefuroxim, a new beta-lactamase stable cephalosporin]. | in vitro activity of cefuroxime, a new cephalosporin stable to bacterial beta-lactamases, was compared with that of cefalothin and other cephalosporins by serial dilution test in more than 600 bacterial strains. cefuroxime was more active than cefalothin on most strains of gram negative bacilli (except salmonella species) and also on most strains of cefalothin-resistant bacteria. in comparison to cefalothin, cefoxitin and cefamandol, cefuroxime exerted the strongest activity on meningococci, str ... | 1978 | 309178 |
| [destruction of alkyl sulfates by a citrobacter freundii culture]. | 1978 | 203618 | |
| in vitro susceptibility of gentamicin and/or tobramycin resistant gram-negative bacilli to seven aminoglycosides. | the in vitro activity of gentamicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, netilmicin, amikacin, kanamycin and streptomycin was tested simultaneously by the agar dilution method against 584 clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli that were resistant to gentamicin and/or tobramycin. about half of the gentamicin-resistant pseudomonas were susceptible to tobramycin but cross-resistance was virtually complete between gentamicin and tobramycin for enterobacteriaceae. sisomicin was much more active than gentamici ... | 1978 | 98451 |
| susceptibility of the anaerobic bacteria, group d streptococci, enterobacteriaceae, and pseudomonas to semisynthetic penicillins: carbenicillin, piperacillin, and ticarcillin. | sodium piperacillin t-1220, a new semisynthetic penicillin, was tested in vitro against 297 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria and 669 aerobic bacteria by the conventional agar dilution method and compared with carbenicillin and ticarcillin. at a 100-mug/ml concentration the three drugs showed comparable effectiveness against the anaerobes tested. however, at 20 mug/ml, piperacillin was the most effective drug against bacteroides fragilis, peptostreptococci, and group d streptococci. at thi ... | 1978 | 103491 |
| [efficacy, tolerance, and pharmacokinetics of sisomicin in urinary tract infections (author's transl)]. | since 1973 30 patients with urinary tract infections (uti) or pyelonephritis have been treated with sisomicin, a new aminoglycoside, in a daily dose of 2 mg/kg for a period of seven to nine days. from a clinical point of view the result of treatment was good. complete resolution was achieved in 17 patients, improvement in nine, and there was no effect in four patients. thirty-five causative organisms (escherichia coli = 23, proteus sp. = 7, klebsiella sp. = 3, pseudomonas aeruginosa = 1, citroba ... | 1978 | 103844 |
| significance of microbial contamination of stored cadaver kidneys. | the importance of microbial contamination of cadaver kidneys was assessed in 83 consecutively stored and transplanted kidneys. fourteen kidneys had a single positive culture during storage and five had multiple positive cultures. only one postoperative infection could be traced to kidney contamination during storage (candida wound infection). in three of 64 patients who received noncontaminated kidneys, posttransplant wound infections developed. no wound infections occurred in 35 patients who re ... | 1978 | 25059 |
| studies of relationship among terrestrial pseudomonas, alcaligenes, and enterobacteria by an immunological comparison of glutamine synthetase. | antibody to purified glutamine synthetase from escherichia coli was prepared and used for an immunological comparison of glutamine synthetases from species of salmonella, citrobacter, enterobacter, serratia, proteus, erwinia, aeromonas, pseudomonas, acinetobacter, xanthomonas, alcaligenes, and paracoccus. the results of ouchterlony double diffusion experiments and quantitative microcomplement fixation studies indicated that the amino acid sequence of this enzyme was highly conserved in different ... | 1978 | 31146 |
| [flagellar antigens of e. coli serologically interrlelated to h40, 41 and h41, 42, 43 flagellar antigens of citrobacter. new h-antigeny e. coli i citrobacter]. | the authors confirmed the reference of the test strains h13 (p6c) and h22 (a231a) of the international collection of e. coli to citrobacter; their antigenic formula was established. as shown, strains p6c possessed a variety of the h-antigen which was not described in citrobacter earlier, designated as h41a, 97. three types of flagellar antigens characterized by the presence of an interrelationship with the partial factor h41 of the flagellar citrobacter antigens were revealed in e. coli; the par ... | 1978 | 78607 |
| synthetic disaccharide-protein antigen for production of specific o2 antiserum for immunofluorescence diagnosis of salmonella. | antisera from rabbits immunized with the synthetic disaccharide paratose 1 leads to alpha 3 mannose, representive of salmonella o-antigen 2, covalently linked to bovine serum albumin (bsa), were used in indirect immunofluorescence studies for the identification of salmonella serogroup a (o-antigen 1,2,12) bacteria. among 1311 enteric bacteria tested, 497 were salmonella. the anti-paratose 1 leads to alpha 3 mannose-bsa serum identified correctly all the 63 serogroup a strains tested. no positive ... | 1978 | 78659 |
| [sensitivity of enterobacteria, similar to salmonellae, to polyvalent salmonella bacteriophage]. | 1978 | 79020 | |
| [simplified and accelerated methods of determining the generic affiliation of bacteria of the intestinal bacilli group]. | 1979 | 86647 | |
| the strategy of infection as a criterion for phylogenetic relationships of non-coli phages morphologically similar to phage t7. | five phages which are morphologically similar to coliphage t7 but attack other host bacteria have been compared to t7 and to its relative, t3, by the following criteria: (a) cross-reactivity with antisera against t7 and t3, (b) dna base sequence homologies, as determined by the c0t technique, (c) synthesis of two phage-coded enzymes: rna polymerase and samase, (d) patterns of phage-directed protein synthesis, as determined by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of phage coat subunits. as judg ... | 1979 | 90110 |
| identification of bacteroides fragilis by indirect immunofluorescence. | rabbit antiserum against live or heat-killed bacteroides fragilis nctc 9343 bacteria was titrated against hot phenol water-extracted polysaccharide antigens from five different species of the 'b. fragilis group' of bacteria using an enzyme immunoassay and shown to be specific for the b. fragilis nctc 9343 polysaccharide. when the antiserum was used in indirect immunofluorescence, 97.1% of 244 b. fragilis strains were correctly identified. only 8 of the other 312 bacteroides strains were stained ... | 1979 | 94651 |
| [metabolism of dicarboxylic amino acids and their amides in bacteria of the genus citrobacter]. | in 58 citrobacter strains the pathways of the utilization of dicarbonic amino acids and their amides were studied. these organisms were found to be incapable of decarboxylating glutaminic and asparaginic acids, as well as their amides. all the strains could actively desamidizate asparagine. not all of these strains showed glutaminase activity. aspartate-aminotransferase occurred twice as often as alanine-aminotransferase, the level of activity being approximately the same. the citrobacter strain ... | 1979 | 37683 |
| resistance of gram-negative bacteria to antibiotics in large calf agglomerations. | the antibiotic resistance of e. coli, citrobacter, enterobacter-klebsiella and pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from calves was tested. a high proportion of multiresistance was found even in e. coli strains isolated from newborn calves. gram-negative bacteria isolated from animals in three large calfhouses were almost 100% resistant to ampicillin, tetracyclines and sulphonamides. multiresistance was general and varied from 5 to 12 antibiotics among different strains. initial high sensitiv ... | 1979 | 41425 |
| importance of colicinogeny for the course of acute bacillary dysentery. | the development of acute bacillary dysentery was followed in 23 patients involved in two outbreaks and in three sporadic, mutually unrelated cases. repeated cultivations performed at 2-day intervals for 10 days yielded 386 identifiable strains of "opportune intestinal flora". escherichia coli colicinogenic activity is one of the significant factors of gastrointestinal tract protection. the period of shigella excretion is significantly reduced (p less than 0.02) if an appropriate colicinogenic e. ... | 1979 | 44941 |
| homology of the gene coding for outer membrane lipoprotein within various gram-negative bacteria. | the mrna for a major outer membrane lipoprotein from escherichia coli was found to hybridize specifically with one of the ecori and one of the hindiii restriction endonuclease-generated fragments of total dna from nine bacteria in the family enterobacteriaceae: e. coli, shigella dysenteriae, salmonella typhimurium, citrobacter freundii, klebsiella aerogenes, enterobacter aerogenes, edwardsiella tarda, serratia marcescens, and erwinia amylovora. however, among the enterobacteriaceae, dna from two ... | 1979 | 104972 |
| [studies of the incidence of healthy carriers of "pathogenic strains" or potentially pathogenic strains in the hospital environment]. | an investigation has been carried out on healthy carriers of "positive staphylococcus coagulase" and "occasional pathogenic" strains among kitchen, canteen and dispensary staff in the ivth geriatric division and first aid clinic of the bologna "m. malpighi" hospital. all stains of "positive staphylococcus coagulase" and "occasional pathogens" considered (pseudomonas aeruginosa and citrobacter) were put through antibiotic and chemotherapeutic sensitivity tests. the results are reported in detail. | 1979 | 107491 |
| [the antibacterial efficacy of cefaclor in routine testing of clinical material from two berlin hospitals (author's transl)]. | the agar diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial efficacy of cefaclor against bacterial strains isolated routinely from patients in two hospitals in berlin. a comparison was made with the efficacy of oxacillin, azlocillin, amikacin, gentamicin, ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, tetracycline, penicillin, cefazolin, nalidixic acid and nitrofurantoin. a total of 1235 strains of staphylococcus aureus, enterococci, escherichia coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, proteus species, citrobacter and pse ... | 1979 | 121730 |
| comparative inhibition beta-lactamases by novel beta-lactam compounds. | the beta-lactamase-inhibiting activity of cp-45,899, 3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicylo(3,2,0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 4,4-dioxide [2s-(2alpha,5alpha)], was investigated and compared with the beta-lactamase-inhibiting activity of clavulanic acid and dicloxacillin. cp-45,899 was an effective inhibitor of staphylococcus aureus beta-lactamase and of those beta-lactamases of gram-negative bacteria which are primarily active against penicillins or equally active against penicillins and cephalosp ... | 1979 | 311616 |