Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| in vitro evaluation of combined usage of fosfomycin and 5-fluorouracil for selective isolation of leptospira species. | the combined usage of fosfomycin (fom) and 5-fluorouracil (5-fu) as selective agents for the isolation of leptospires from contaminated materials was investigated. additive or synergistic antibacterial activity was apparent with the combination compared with each agent used separately. of 54 bacterial strains tested, 52 were inhibited, while all 5 leptospira strains tested were unaffected by the combined addition of fom (400 micrograms/ml) and 5-fu (100 micrograms/ml) to korthof medium. furtherm ... | 1986 | 3519669 |
| bovine leptospirosis: experimental serovar hardjo infection. | almost the full range of clinical signs observed in pregnant cattle naturally infected with leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo was observed in this experimental study in which 22 heifers were infected by intraplacentome inoculation with serovar hardjo strains. these features included abortion, mummification, stillbirth, premature and term birth of weak calves and full-term birth of live apparently healthy calves. leptospires were demonstrated in all but three calves by culture and or immunofl ... | 1986 | 3526704 |
| pathology of acute leptospira interrogans serotype icterohaemorrhagiae infection in the syrian hamster. | the pathology of acute leptospira interrogans serotype icterohaemorrhagiae infection in the syrian hamster was investigated up to 7 days after infection using histology, electron microscopy and an indirect fluorescence test for leptospires. the disease was characterized by the presence of many leptospires in the tissues, jaundice, leukocytosis, haemorrhages, endothelial alteration and thrombotic glomerulopathy. the leptospires were present intravascularly, in the interstitium penetrating between ... | 1986 | 3538643 |
| the enumeration of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona by a bioluminescence atp assay. | a rapid method for enumerating viable leptospira interrogans serovar pomona cells was investigated using a bacterial adenosine triphosphate (atp) assay. the atp was assayed by the luciferin-luciferase bioluminescence reaction. samples of serovar pomona grown in liquid polysorbate 80-bovine albumin (p80-ba) medium for 1-3 days were analysed for atp content, culture density (nephelometry), direct cell count and most probable number of viable cells (mpnvc) as determined by the dilution tube techniq ... | 1986 | 3957938 |
| dna homology studies of leptospires of serogroups sejroe and pomona from cattle and swine. | hybridization studies of chromosomal dna from leptospiral strains representing leptospira interrogans, serogroups sejroe and pomona from cattle and swine were performed to determine the degree of homology among their dna sequences. chromosomal dna isolated from leptospires of the sejroe and pomona serogroups was radiolabeled and used to probe dna isolated from other strains in these serogroups. serovars hardjo (hardjoprajitno), hardjo (hardjo-bovis), balcanica (1627 burgas), pomona (pomona), and ... | 1986 | 3963602 |
| copurification of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona hemolysin and sphingomyelinase c. | the hemolytic and sphingomyelinase c activities of supernatants of cultures of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona tended to copurify when isoelectric fractionation was carried out. both activities focused primarily at ph 8.1. considered in conjunction with other circumstantial evidence, the results led to the conclusion that sphingomyelinase c is responsible for hemolysis. | 1986 | 3019890 |
| radiometric method for the rapid detection of leptospira organisms. | a rapid and sensitive radiometric method for detection of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona and leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni is described. stuart's medium and middlebrook tb (12a) medium supplemented with bovine serum albumin, catalase, and casein hydrolysate and labeled with 14c-fatty acids were used. the radioactivity was measured in a bactec 460 (johnston laboratories). with this system, leptospira organisms were detected in human blood in 2 to 5 days, a notably shorter time ... | 1986 | 3700624 |
| ultrastructure and chemical composition of lipopolysaccharide extracted from leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) from leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni was prepared from the aqueous phase of a phenol/water extract. electron microscopic examination of negatively stained lps showed a mixture of ribbon-like, round and ring structures. carbohydrate analysis of the preparations revealed pentoses, hexoses, heptoses, hexosamines, and a 2-keto-3-deoxyonic acid which was chromatographically different from authentic 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid (kdo). the major fatty acids of the lps ... | 1986 | 3711857 |
| glycolipoprotein cytotoxin from leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni. | lipopolysaccharide (lps), glycolipoprotein (glp) and lipid extract were prepared from leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni. glp, lipid extract or purified fatty acids from lipid extract produced cytotoxic effects seen as cell enzyme leakage followed by cytotoxic death when tested in mouse fibroblast l929 cells in tissue culture. all extracts also agglutinated mouse erythrocytes but purified lps was not cytotoxic. neither glp nor lps were pyrogenic but both gelled limulus amoebocyte lysate. ... | 1986 | 3711858 |
| the detection of leptospires by a chemiluminescent immunoassay. | rabbit serum hyperimmune to leptospira interrogans var icterohaemorrhagiae serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, reference strain rga was conjugated to the chemiluminescent label abei (6-[n-(4-aminobutyl)-n-ethyl amino]-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione) in the presence of the coupling agent, edc (1-ethyl-3(3-dimethyl amino-propyl)-carbodiimide hcl). the luminescent conjugate was incubated with homologous and heterologous antigens. the results indicate that chemiluminescence may provide an accurate and ra ... | 1986 | 3723587 |
| serological studies on british leptospiral isolates of the sejroe serogroup. i. the identification of british isolates of the sejroe serogroup by the cross agglutinin absorption test. | using the cross agglutinin absorption test 12 british leptospiral isolates of the sejroe serogroup were identified to serovar level. six strains isolated from cattle, two from pigs and one from a human were identified as leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo. two isolates from wildlife were identified as leptospira interrogans serovar saxkoebing. one further strain isolated from wildlife closely resembled serovar saxkoebing, but specific identification was not possible. these are the first repor ... | 1986 | 3734440 |
| comparison of antibodies to leptospira in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) and cattle in ohio. | a survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of leptospiral antibodies in sera from 248 white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in ohio. the sera were collected at check stations during the hunting season in 1983. the microscopic agglutination microtiter test was used to determine the presence of antibodies to leptospira interrogans serovars pomona, icterohemorrhagiae, canicola, hardjo, and grippotyphosa. eighteen of 248 (7.3%) serum samples had antibody titers (greater than or equal to ... | 1986 | 3735579 |
| in vitro studies of haemolysis by leptospira interrogans serovars pomona and ballum. | washed and unwashed red blood cells (rbc) from young calves, adult cattle, hamsters and humans were incubated with leptospira interrogans serovars pomona and ballum. washed cells suspended in saline were always haemolysed while unwashed cells and those which were washed and resuspended in plasma were never haemolysed, despite the presence of large numbers of organisms within the culture supernatant. pomona produced greater haemolysis of cattle and human rbc than did ballum, but with hamster rbc ... | 1986 | 3739212 |
| isolation of leptospira interrogans serovar bratislava from sows in iowa. | leptospira interrogans serovar bratislava was recovered from 2 of 10 sows examined from an iowa slaughterhouse. isolations were made from the kidney and genital tract of each sow. serovar bratislava is not included in vaccines because it has not been previously isolated in the united states. | 1986 | 3740615 |
| problems associated with the serological diagnosis of leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo infection in bovine populations. | data combining sequential bacteriology and serology from a longitudinal study of a dairy herd were used to demonstrate the limitations of serology as a diagnostic method in cross-sectional sampling of bovine populations. whole-herd point serological prevalences showed considerable variation over a two-year sampling period (38.8 to 76.2 per cent), and this was mainly due to varying age-specific prevalence. owing to the rapid decline in titres and the varying persistence of infection, point serolo ... | 1986 | 3750784 |
| isolation of leptospires from the genital tracts of iowa cows. | leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo was recovered from 5 of 11 nonpregnant cows chosen at random from an iowa slaughterhouse. isolations were made from the kidney in each instance, the genital tract of 3 cows: uterus from 1 cow, oviduct of another, and oviduct and uterus of a 3rd cow. | 1986 | 3752677 |
| gellan gum as a substitute for agar in leptospiral media. | an albumin polysorbate semisolid medium (ellinghausen mccullough johnson harris medium) gelled with gellan gum (gelrite; kelco div., merck & co., inc.) compared favorably with conventional agar media for the cultivation of both pathogenic and saprophytic leptospires. the gellan gum medium supported the growth of all 18 leptospiral strains studied which included an array of serovars with various fastidious growth characteristics. gellan gum medium was also used advantageously as a long-term maint ... | 1986 | 3754265 |
| morphological changes in red blood cells of calves caused by leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. | haemoglobinaemia is seen in certain hosts infected by certain serovars of leptospira interrogans, but is absent from other serovar-host associations. comparisons were made between calves infected with serovar pomona and those receiving a crude "toxin" prepared from the same organism. red blood cells from "toxin"-injected calves showed discocyte-echinocyte transformation and contained portions of cytoplasm segregated within vacuoles. these animals showed increased sequestration of rbcs within the ... | 1986 | 3760264 |
| pathogenesis and red blood cell destruction in haemoglobinaemic leptospirosis. | sequential morphological changes were seen in rbcs, spleen and liver from hamsters during the development of haemoglobinaemia following infection with leptospira interrogans serovar ballum. spleens from pre-haemoglobinaemic hamsters showed sequestration of rbcs and erythrophagocytosis but to a lesser degree than was seen in the haemoglobinaemic hamsters. erythrophagocytosis and rbc sequestration were also seen in the liver, particularly in the haemoglobinaemic animals. none of these changes was ... | 1986 | 3760265 |
| heterogeneity of lipopolysaccharide banding patterns in leptospira spp. | strains of leptospira interrogans and leptospira biflexa, examined by electrophoresis after whole cell lysis and protein digestion, revealed the presence of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate and an heterogeneous lipopolysaccharide electrophoretic banding pattern, which was characteristic of the species. | 1986 | 3760822 |
| the susceptibility of a strain of leptospira interrogans serogroup icterohaemorrhagiae to amoxycillin, erythromycin, lincomycin, tetracycline, oxytetracycline and minocycline. | the failure of prophylactic penicillin to prevent a laboratory acquired case of icterohaemorrhagiae leptospirosis prompted determination of the mic and mbc of amoxycillin, erythromycin, lincomycin, tetracycline, oxytetracycline and minocycline for the infecting strain. amoxycillin followed by erythromycin were the most effective, with mbcs of 0.5 mg/l after 7 days exposure and 0.1 mg/l after 21 days exposure respectively. leptospires grew in the presence of high concentrations of tetracycline hy ... | 1986 | 3765950 |
| the first isolation of leptospira interrogans serogroup ballum serovar castellonis in chile. | 1986 | 3776382 | |
| development of an improved selective medium for isolation of leptospires from clinical material. | standard albumin-tween 80 medium (emjh) for growth of leptospires was modified by the addition of six antibiotics to produce a superior, selective medium for primary isolation of leptospires of serovars hardjo and pomona of leptospira interrogans from clinical material. | 1986 | 3788051 |
| what is the correct specific epithet for pathogenic leptospirae? | the underlying documentation of the first descriptions of members of the genus leptospira is carefully revised. stimson's publication of? spirochaeta interrogans (1907) is to be inadequate and not suitable to be recognized as the first valid description of a new genus being only a description of a spirochete-like microorganism without any documentation. the naming of the species of pathogenic leptospira interrogans is therefore not in confirmity with the requirements of the international code of ... | 1986 | 3788349 |
| storage of pathogenic leptospires in liquid nitrogen. | the virulence and viability of various serovars of leptospira interrogans were successfully preserved by storage in liquid nitrogen. dimethyl sulphoxide at a final concentration of 2.5% (v/v) was added as cryoprotectant to a culture of leptospires grown in ellinghausen-mccullough-johnson-harris medium. ampoules were cooled at a controlled rate of 1 degree-3 degrees c/min to -70 degrees c, then transferred to the liquid phase of a liquid nitrogen storage unit. glycerol was discounted as a cryopro ... | 1986 | 3804861 |
| [weil's syndrome caused by leptospira interrogans serogroup australis serotype bratislava]. | 1986 | 3809808 | |
| penicillins, cephalosporins, and tetracyclines in treatment of hamsters with fatal leptospirosis. | a predictable 6- to 7-day course of a fatal leptospira interrogans serovar bataviae infection in experimentally infected mature 110- to 150-g hamsters was used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of conventionally used and newer antibiotics. active drugs were ampicillin, bacampicillin, cyclacillin, piperacillin, mezlocillin, doxycycline, chlortetracycline, cefotaxime, and moxalactam. cephalexin, cefadroxil, cefamandole, and cefoperazone showed little or no activity in preliminary studies. in de ... | 1986 | 3813511 |
| [incidence of leptospiroses caused by leptospira interrogans serovar pomona in east germany]. | 1986 | 3492825 | |
| leptospirosis: an occupational hazard to veterinarians. | leptospirosis occurred in two veterinarians in alberta, following their exposure to leptospires of domestic animal origin. the disease at onset resembled "flu" with fever, muscle and joint pain, and lassitude. it progressed through an extremely debilitating period with mild to severe hepatic and renal dysfunction, icterus and hemorrhage in one case, and cerebral meningitis in the other. both patients were hospitalized for 11 to 14 days, where they responded to supportive and specific antibiotic ... | 1986 | 17422627 |
| leptospirosis outbreak in a piggery in southern alberta. | fourteen abortions, stillbirths and neonatal deaths occurred over an interval of one month in crated sows in a farrow-to-finish swine operation. leptospira interrogans serovar pomona (kennewicki by dna analysis) was demonstrated by culture and fluorescent antibody test to be present in sows, piglets, boars, feeders, drinking water and skunks on the premises.antibody was found in all clinically affected sows, at serum dilutions ranging from 1/800 to 1/25,600, and in all breeding boars at titers f ... | 1986 | 17422651 |
| the successful management of leptospirosa hardjo infection in a beef herd in northern ontario. | abortion, premature calving, hemolytic anemia and fatal hematuria were associated with high levels (titer > 10(-4)) of antibody to leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo and with isolation of hardjo in a herd of 265 beef cattle in the great clay belt of northern ontario. this herd was bred by artificial insemination, after heat detection by vasectomized bulls. the antibody prevalence rate in the herd was 54 to 60% over a five year period. the rate tended to reach 100% by age three years and to be ... | 1986 | 17422716 |
| leptospirosa pomona abortion storm in a cattle herd in saskatchewan. | abortions occurred in 18% of 131 beef cows and heifers during two months, on a farm in southern saskatchewan. the losses began two weeks after acute febrile illness and agalactia in a dairy cow to which the beef herd had been exposed. a diagnosis of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona infection was made on the basis of serology in cows and the finding of leptospires in fetal tissues by fluorescent antibody test. tentative diagnosis of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis delayed treatment and pro ... | 1986 | 17422717 |
| dual infections of red deer (cervus elaphus) by leptospira interrogans serovars copenhageni and hardjo. | on a property in the nelson district, blood and urine samples were taken from red deer (cervus elaphus) from which low (<1:100) antibody titres to serovar copenhageni and suspected leptospiral abortions had previously been reported. a total of 27 hinds were sampled. microscopic agglutination test (mat) titres in sera ranging from 1:32 to 1:128 were found in six animals. thirteen leptospiral isolations were made from nine of the 27 urine samples. four of these were typed as copenhageni and nine a ... | 1986 | 16031274 |
| haemolytic disease associated with leptospira interrogans serovar pomona in red deer calves (cervus elaphus). | three red deer calves (cervus elaphus) died with a haemolytic disease associated with infection by leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. infection within the herd was more prevalent than disease. sera from 16 herd mates were tested by the microscopic agglutination test (mat) and 12 had leptospiral titres, the majority to serovar pomona. a few calves had titres to balcunica and hardjo. urine was obtained for culture from six of these calves and serovar pomona was isolated from five with titres t ... | 1986 | 16031298 |
| biological activities of lipopolysaccharide-like substance (lls) extracted from leptospira interrogans serovar canicola strain moulton. | the biological activities of lipopolysaccharide-like substance (lls) extracted from leptospira interrogans serovar canicola strain moulton by the hot phenol-water method were studied in mice. the addition of 12.5 micrograms/ml or more of lls fraction increased the incorporation of [3h]thymidine into in vitro cultured spleen cells of c57bl/6 mice, while the activity of the lls fraction was about 20 times weaker than that of salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (lps). pretreatment of murine s ... | 1987 | 3500390 |
| molecular cloning of treponema pallidum outer envelope fibronectin binding proteins, p1 and p2. | phages directing the synthesis of treponema pallidum fibronectin binding adhesin proteins, p1 and p2, were isolated from an embl-3 bacteriophage lambda library of t pallidum deoxyribonucleic acid (dna). the recombinant phages were identified using antisera generated to treponemal proteins purified in fibronectin-sepharose. recombinant p1 and p2 proteins possessed the same relative molecular weights as the native surface polypeptides of spirochaetes. the structural genes for these proteins were s ... | 1987 | 2962928 |
| effect of heat or chemical treatment on leptospiral antigens. | the use of bacterins is one of the primary methods in the control of leptospirosis in domestic animals, especially cattle, swine, and dogs. bacterins have been made using chemically treated or heat-inactivated organisms. many of the initial studies indicated that the bacterins gave complete protection, whereas later reports found that some inactivation methods resulted in bacterins that protect against death but not against kidney infection and renal shedding. this raised the possibility that so ... | 1987 | 3818922 |
| opsonic monoclonal antibodies against lipopolysaccharide antigens of leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo. | six monoclonal antibodies produced from mice immunised with leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo were directed against determinants in the leptospiral lipopolysaccharide, as indicated by immunodiffusion and enzyme immunoassay (eia), and opsonised leptospires for phagocytosis by mouse macrophages. their specificities were studied by agglutination and eia. five antibodies reacted with some, but not all, members of the sejroe and hebdomadis serogroups, and one antibody agglutinated exclusively mem ... | 1987 | 3820267 |
| serology and virology of the bowhead whale (balaena mysticetus l.). | sera from four bowhead whales (balaena mysticetus l.) were examined for the presence of specific antibodies, and tissue and swab samples from six and four animals respectively were processed for isolation of viruses and for initiation of bowhead whale cell cultures. all sera were negative for antibodies to nine serovars of leptospira interrogans and to 21 orthomyxovirus subtypes and a paramyxovirus (newcastle disease virus). all sera were positive, however, for neutralizing antibodies to one or ... | 1987 | 3820430 |
| serologic survey for selected microbial pathogens of wolves in alaska, 1975-1982. | serum samples were collected from 116 wolves which were captured in southcentral alaska during 1975 through 1982. antibodies to the following infectious disease agents were found: infectious canine hepatitis virus-72 of 87 (81%), canine parvovirus type 2-0 of 55 (0%) through 1979 and 10 of 32 (31%) after 1979, francisella tularensis-16 of 67 (25%), canine distemper virus-10 of 83 (12%), coxiella burnetti-5 of 95 (5%), rabies virus-1 of 88 (1%), brucella spp.-1 of 67 (1%), leptospira interrogans- ... | 1987 | 3029442 |
| serological survey of leptospiral antibodies in cattle in zimbabwe. | a total of 2,382 sera from 92 herds widely distributed throughout zimbabwe were screened using the microscopic agglutination test against representatives of 18 serogroups of leptospira interrogans and one representative of leptospira biflexa. the prevalence of leptospiral titres at a serum dilution of 1:100 was 27%, the most common titres being to antigens from the sejroe and tarassovi serogroups. significantly different proportions of titres were shown among the three farming systems and among ... | 1987 | 3424449 |
| detection of leptospires in biological fluids using dna hybridisation. | dna extracted from leptospira interrogans serovar pomona was labelled with phosphorus-32 by nick translation and used as a genomic probe to detect leptospiral dna. the sensitivity of detection in a 10-microliter spot on nylon membranes was 160 pg of leptospiral dna or 1.1 x 10(3) leptospires and assays with nylon membranes were somewhat more sensitive than assays with nitrocellulose membranes. the probe reacted with the pathogenic hardjo and tarassovi leptospiral serovars, but not with other gen ... | 1987 | 3439017 |
| effect of maternal vaccination on the susceptibility of growing pigs to leptospiral infection. | serum samples were collected from 30 piglets, derived from 17 litters, whose dams had been vaccinated against leptospirosis. microscopic agglutination test (mat) titres against leptospira interrogans serovar pomona varied greatly from pig to pig; there was less variation among littermates. titres declined between 4 and 10 weeks of age, with an uncorrected half-life of 15.5 days, consistent with igg being the main antibody class involved. twelve pigs, 4 derived from unvaccinated sows and 8 from s ... | 1987 | 3439018 |
| leptospiral attachment to extracellular matrix of mouse fibroblast (l929) cells. | the attachment of leptospires to the extracellular matrix (ecm) remaining after mouse fibroblast (l929) cells on coverslips had been solubilized with triton x-100 was examined. each highly virulent line of leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni, canicola and pomona attached to ecm more effectively than intermediately virulent and avirulent lines of the same strains, suggesting a correlation between virulence and attachment to ecm. inhibition of the attachment of highly virulent copenhageni t ... | 1987 | 3439019 |
| molecular comparison of antigens and proteins of virulent and avirulent clones of leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni, strain shibaura. | the antigens and the protein profiles of virulent and avirulent clones of leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni, strain shibaura were compared by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), western blotting and radioimmunoprecipitation. an antigen specific to the virulent clone was detectable only in the virulent clone by western blotting using anti-virulent clone but not anti-avirulent clone antisera. the molecular weight of the antigen was estimated to be approximately 32000 by sds ... | 1987 | 3439384 |
| experimental infection of monkeys with leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo. | grivet monkeys experimentally infected with two different strains of leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo showed no signs of severe clinical disease. there were no significant macroscopic lesions in any of the tissues examined, but the organisms were demonstrated in various tissues by immunofluorescent technique and were isolated from the blood and urine of two monkeys and the kidney of one. abraded skin was shown to be a viable route of infection in non-human primates. | 1987 | 3549342 |
| tears and aqueous humor from horses inoculated with leptospira contain antibodies which bind to cornea. | an antigenic relationship between leptospira interrogans and equine cornea was previously described by us. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed in the present work to investigate the existence of anti-leptospira and anti-cornea antibodies in tears, aqueous humor and serum from horses inoculated i.m. with those antigens. ten days after a booster by the same route, antibodies that bind to microtiter plates, coated with an homogenate of either equine cornea or leptospira, were detected ... | 1987 | 3564364 |
| isolation of leptospires from nephritic kidneys of beef cattle at slaughter. | of 955 beef cattle slaughtered at an abattoir in quebec from may to august 1985, 122 (13%) had lesions of focal interstitial nephritis. nephritic kidneys were collected for leptospiral culture, and matching blood samples were examined serologically. leptospires were isolated from the kidneys of 35 (29%) cattle. antibodies to leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo were found in 29 (24%) cattle and to pomona in 13 (10%). | 1987 | 3565891 |
| prevalence of canine lyme disease from an endemic area as determined by serosurvey. | from august 1984 through february 1985, 423 dogs from 43 municipalities in 7 new jersey counties were evaluated for the presence of antibodies to the lyme disease spirochete (borrelia burgdorferi). of these dogs, 34.7% with no apparent clinical symptoms were serologically reactive (ifa greater than or equal to 1:64); titers in this study ranged from non-reactive to 1:2048. ninety percent of the dogs surveyed had a current vaccination status to leptospira interrogans serovars canicola and icteroh ... | 1987 | 3591094 |
| c-reactive protein in dogs. | serum concentrations of c-reactive protein (crp) in dogs with various diseases or undergoing various procedures were measured by specific immunoassay. in 20 healthy dogs from various sources, values were all less than 5 mg/l, but in 22 healthy dogs from a single source, values ranged from less than 5 mg/l in 14 dogs and from 8 to 67 mg/l in 8 dogs. increased concentrations of serum crp were attained 24 hours after injection of casein (n = 9; median 188 mg/l), ovariohysterectomy (n = 11; median, ... | 1987 | 3605808 |
| serological studies on british isolates of the sejroe serogroup of leptospira. ii. an evaluation of the factor analysis method of identifying leptospires using strains belonging to the sejroe serogroup. | twelve british isolates of leptospira belonging to the sejroe serogroup were examined using a series of six factor sera prepared by a number of different absorption methods. ten of the isolates were identified as leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo and two as l. interrogans serovar saxkoebing. these isolates had previously been identified using the cross agglutination absorption method. | 1987 | 3609168 |
| serological studies of british leptospiral isolates of the sejroe serogroup. iii. the distribution of leptospires of the sejroe serogroup in the british isles. | some 94 strains of leptospires belonging to the sejroe serogroup isolated in the british isles were identified to the serovar level using specific factor sera. seventy strains were identified as leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo, 66 from cattle, 2 from pigs and 1 each from a sheep foetus and a human. twenty-four strains were identified as l. interrogans serovar saxkoebing, most strains were isolated from either wood mice, bank or field voles but strains were also isolated from badgers, a fox ... | 1987 | 3609169 |
| the effects of gamma-irradiation on haemopoiesis and red blood cell destruction in hamsters infected with leptospira interrogans serovar ballum. | irradiated hamsters were infected with leptospira interrogans serovar ballum in order to study the effects of impairment of the reticulo-macrophage system on the progression of the disease and the development of haemoglobinaemia. infected and irradiated hamsters were compared with infected controls, irradiated controls and untreated controls. red blood cells (rbcs) from untreated controls were biconcave disks while those from irradiated controls were echinocytes. red blood cells from animals of ... | 1987 | 3620332 |
| the isolation of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona and related serological findings associated with a mixed farming unit in the transvaal. | this is the first known isolation in the republic of south africa (rsa) of the serovar pomona from the organs of porcine foetuses as well as from the renal lymph nodes of slaughter pigs showing chronic nephritis. in addition, the serovar pomona was isolated from the kidneys of 87.5% of the slaughter pigs examined. the success of these isolations was attributed in part to the refining of 2 existing isolation techniques which complement each other. using the microscopic agglutination test, serum s ... | 1987 | 3627726 |
| [studies on endotoxins of leptospira. iii. the presence of beta-hydroxy-myristic acid in the lps of leptospira interrogans serovar lai]. | 1987 | 3630144 | |
| detection of leptospira interrogans in clinical specimens by in situ hybridization using biotin-labelled dna probes. | in situ dna hybridization using biotin-labelled leptospiral dna was performed on clinical specimens to investigate its usefulness as a technique for the identification of leptospira interrogans. the applicability of this test in blood, urine and liver smears was demonstrated. in situ dna hybridization can be completed in only 4 h and it combines the advantage of visualization of the leptospiral morphology with the specificity of the hybridization reaction. no cross-hybridization was observed wit ... | 1987 | 3655736 |
| purification, characterization and serological properties of a glycolipid antigen reactive with a serovar-specific monoclonal antibody against leptospira interrogans serovar canicola. | a glycolipid antigen possessing a serovar-specific antigenic determinant of leptospira interrogans serovar canicola was purified from a chloroform/methanol extract of the organism. the purification procedures included silicic acid column chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatography (tlc). antigenic activity was detected by a tlc-enzyme immunostaining technique using monoclonal antibody ct3, which specifically agglutinates serovar canicola and only weakly serovar sumneri but no other ... | 1987 | 3655741 |
| a new serovar mogdeni of serogroup tarassovi of leptospira interrogans isolated from a sewage plant in england. | among 30 strains of leptospires isolated from samples of sewage taken before and during treatment at two sewage plants in england, only one appeared to belong to leptospira interrogans, the species that comprises the leptospires that are pathogenic to man and animals. that strain, compton 746, was isolated from settled sewage, before treatment at a treatment plant that deals mainly with human sewage. it was shown serologically to belong to serogroup tarassovi and appears to represent a new serov ... | 1987 | 3678398 |
| serological prevalence of leptospiral infection in domestic animals in west malaysia. | a cross-sectional serological survey of domestic animals in west malaysia revealed that 25.5% of the animals examined had agglutinating antibodies to one or more antigens belonging to leptospira interrogans. significant prevalence of infection was observed in cattle (40.5%), buffaloes (31%) and pigs (16%). the sejroe serogroup was shown to be the principal one involved in cattle and buffaloes, and to a lesser extent the tarassovi and pomona serogroups. evidence of infection in domestic animals b ... | 1987 | 3678399 |
| chemical properties of lipopolysaccharide-like substance (lls) extracted from leptospira interrogans serovar canicola strain moulton. | the aqueous layer was isolated from leptospira interrogans serovar canicola strain moulton by the hot phenol-water method. after ultracentrifugation, the precipitate was designated as lipopolysaccharide-like substance (lls) fraction and the chemical composition was compared with that of bacterial lps. the lls fraction consists of 35.2% carbohydrate, 3.8% amino sugar, 36.4% lipid, 15.2% protein, and 0.3% phosphorus. neutral sugars were detected as rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, 4-o-methylmannose, m ... | 1987 | 3683216 |
| serologic correlation of suspected leptospira interrogans serovar pomona-induced uveitis in a group of horses. | after the observation of 2 horses with uveitis on a horse farm in the minnesota river valley, 100 horses from this geographic area were given ophthalmologic examinations and were evaluated serologically for leptospirosis. a statistically significant (p less than 0.001) association was observed between the finding of antibodies against leptospira interrogans serovar pomona and uveitis. | 1987 | 3693011 |
| cross-reactivity in serological tests for lyme disease and other spirochetal infections. | serum specimens from 163 persons with lyme disease, tick-borne or louse-borne relapsing fever, yaws, syphilis, leptospirosis, or rocky mountain spotted fever were analyzed to assess the specificity of indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) tests, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), and microscopic agglutination (ma) procedures. strong cross-reactivity occurred when sera from individuals with lyme disease, tick-borne relapsing fever, and louse-borne relapsing fever were tested against hete ... | 1987 | 3298452 |
| genus-specific antigens in leptospira revealed by immunoblotting. | immunoblotting of leptospiral sonicates with heterologous rabbit antisera revealed a distinct cross-reactive pattern which differed with respect to the pathogenic and non-pathogenic leptospiral serovars, and that all serovars tested from leptospira interrogans, l. biflexa and l. illini contained a common 35 kilodalton (kd) band. a leptospiral genus-specific antigen preparation produced by ethanol fractionation of l. biflexa serovar patoc reacted by enzyme immunoassay (eia) with all heterologous ... | 1987 | 3310456 |
| leptospirosis in horses in ontario. | sera from thoroughbred and standardbred horses in southwest ontario were tested for antibody to seven leptospira interrogans serovars (autumnalis, bratislava, canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohaemorrhagiae, pomona), using the microscopic agglutination test. there was significantly higher seroprevalence of bratislava than of other serovars, in which prevalence was low. seroprevalence of bratislava increased significantly with age; only 5% of two to three year old horses had titers greater t ... | 1987 | 3330964 |
| enzyme activities of the strains belonging to family leptospiraceae detected by the api zym system. | a total of 32 strains of the family leptospiraceae (23 strains of leptospira interrogans, 6 strains of leptospira biflexa, 2 strains of leptonema and 1 strain of leptospira parva) were examined for enzyme activities using 89 substrates (api zym system). more than 90% of the strains belonging to the family leptospiraceae possessed strong activities of beta-d-galactosidase, beta-d-glucosidase and 5 esterases (c5, c6, c8, c9 and c10). more than 90% of the strains belonging to the genus leptospira, ... | 1987 | 2892326 |
| serologic survey for evidence of exposure to vesicular stomatitis virus, pseudorabies virus, brucellosis and leptospirosis in collared peccaries from arizona. | two hundred eighteen usable serum samples were collected from hunter-killed collared peccaries (tayassu tajacu) during march 1986, in three areas of arizona. evaluations for antibodies against vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) new jersey (nj) type, vsv indiana type, pseudorabies virus, brucellosis, and leptospirosis revealed positive test results in 8%, 0%, less than 1%, 0%, and 23% of the sera, respectively. exposure of peccaries to vsv (nj) was widespread, but variation in the prevalence of ser ... | 1987 | 2824864 |
| dna probe for detection of the leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo genotype hardjo-bovis. | a dna probe is described for the diagnostic and taxonomic identification of the north american cattle pathogen leptospira interrogans genotype hardjo-bovis. the probe is specific for this genotype and does not hybridize to genomic dna of any other leptospire pathogen commonly found in north america. | 1987 | 2826538 |
| comparative classification of leptospira serovars of the pomona group by monoclonal antibodies and restriction-endonuclease analysis. | the serovars of the pomona group of leptospira interrogans are antigenically closely related and can be classified only with difficulty by conventional typing methods. monoclonal antibodies (mcas) were prepared to serovars of the pomona group. the mcas were directed against antigens of polysaccharide nature. a battery of six mcas was selected for the classification of pomona group reference strains. these mcas could be used for the typing of all pomona group strains and unknown isolates. alterna ... | 1987 | 2830738 |
| selection of antigenic variants from leptospira interrogans serovar canicola by means of anti-canicola monoclonal antibody. | antigenic variants were isolated from canicola by a single selection with anti-canicola monoclonal antibody ct-3. the variants were not identical to any serovars of serogroup canicola and thought to be a new serovar. variation frequency was calculated at 5.9 x 10(-4). the usefulness of monoclonal antibodies for selection of antigenic variants of leptospiras is discussed. | 1987 | 2445125 |
| reaction of monoclonal antibodies with species specific determinants in leptospira interrogans outer envelope. | a set of 24 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) was produced against an outer envelope preparation from leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni. the mabs reacted in enzyme immunoassay with species-specific determinants of an antigen in the leptospiral outer envelope (oe) of pathogenic but not of saprophytic species of leptospira. the mabs did not agglutinate whole leptospires, nor could they opsonise homologous leptospires for phagocytosis by mouse macrophages or protect new-born guinea-pigs against ... | 1988 | 2459387 |
| serological survey for selected diseases in the endangered san joaquin kit fox (vulpes macrotis mutica). | blood from endangered san joaquin kit foxes (vulpes macrotis mutica) inhabiting the elk hills naval petroleum reserve, kern county, and the elkhorn plain, san luis obispo county, california, was collected in 1981, 1982 and 1984 and sera were tested for antibodies against 10 selected pathogens. proportions of kit fox sera containing antibodies against pathogens were: canine parvovirus, 100% in 1981-1982 and 67% in 1984; infectious canine hepatitis virus, 6% in 1981-1982 and 21% in 1984; canine di ... | 1988 | 2836636 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo isolates from cattle. | the genomes of 253 strains of leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo were examined by restriction endonuclease analysis of their dna. the strains had been isolated from cattle at an abattoir (190), milk of agalactic cows (seven) and from aborted bovine fetuses (56). two distinct genome types, hardjoprajitno and hardjobovis, were detected. the majority (91 per cent) of isolates from abattoir cattle were of the hardjobovis type while most (76 per cent) of the isolates from clinical/pathological mat ... | 1988 | 2841734 |
| restriction endonuclease dna analysis of leptospira interrogans serovars icterohaemorrhagiae and copenhageni. | leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae strains ictero no. i and rga and serovar copenhageni strains m20, shiromizu and shibaura were examined by restriction endonuclease dna analysis. fifteen endonucleases (alui, bamhi, bglii, ecori, haeiii, hhai, hindiii, kpni, psti, saci, sali, smai, styi, xbai and xhoi) were used as the digesting enzymes. strain ictero no. i showed endonuclease cleavage patterns which differed from those of the other four strains only when it was digested with enz ... | 1988 | 2850447 |
| hemolysin production by leptospira interrogans serovar canicola in a protein-free medium with hemin. | leptospira interrogans serovar canicola strain moulton was grown to a high cell density in a protein-free medium. when hemin was added to this medium, hemolysin was produced. hemolysin was not detected when other porphyrins or cytochrome c were substituted for hemin in the medium. | 1988 | 2852404 |
| restriction endonuclease dna analysis of antigenic variants of leptospires selected by monoclonal antibodies. | the genome of antigenic variant cv (ct3)-1 derived from leptospira interrogans serovar canicola was compared by cleavage with restriction endonucleases with the parent and serovar bafani, to which the variant was serologically most closely related. no differences were observed between the parent and variant in dna restriction endonuclease patterns using eight restriction endonucleases. serovar bafani was different in the patterns from the parent and antigenic variant cv (ct3)-1. the two antigeni ... | 1988 | 2852766 |
| the bacteriological prevalence of leptospiral infection in cattle and buffaloes in west malaysia. | a cross-sectional bacteriological survey of cattle in west malaysia revealed 14.4% (32/222) had leptospiral infection. isolates were obtained from all except one herd with prevalence of infection in herds ranging from 0-44.8%. a small number of buffalo urine samples were examined and all of them were found to be negative. a leptospiral isolate obtained from a bovine kidney proved to be a new serovar of leptospira interrogans and the name unipertama was assigned to it. six other leptospiral serov ... | 1988 | 3356222 |
| seroprevalence and association with abortion of leptospirosis in cattle in ontario. | sera were collected using a systematic random sampling from 348 cattle herds in ontario, in proportion to the cattle population in different areas. one cow in five from 296 dairy herds and one in three from 52 beef herds were sampled. the sera were analyzed for prevalence of antibodies to leptospira interrogans serovar grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohaemorhagiae and pomona using the microscopic agglutination test. herd seroprevalence (one or more animals with titer greater than or equal to 80) in ... | 1988 | 3370556 |
| antimicrobial drug susceptibility of leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo isolated from cattle. | the susceptibility to commonly used drugs of 18 isolates of leptospira hardjo from the kidneys of feedlot cattle from different sources was determined quantitatively. all isolates were susceptible to penicillin g, ampicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin and streptomycin. susceptibility to sulphamethazine was ambiguous. no drug resistance was detected and the results were similar to those described for other serovars. | 1988 | 3370565 |
| leptospires in the marine toad (bufo marinus) on barbados. | leptospires were isolated from the kidneys of four of 211 toads (bufo marinus) caught on barbados. two of the isolates were identified as leptospira interrogans serovar bim in the autumnalis serogroup (the most common cause of leptospiral illness on barbados), and two as possibly new serovars in the australis serogroup. sera from 198 of the toads were examined by the leptospire microscopic agglutination test. forty-two (21%) were positive at titers of greater than or equal to 1:100, and 54 (27%) ... | 1988 | 3373639 |
| opsonic effect of monoclonal antibodies against leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni. | the opsonic effect of monoclonal antibodies (mcabs) against leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni strain shibaura was examined in vitro using radiolabeled organisms and mouse peritoneal exudate macrophages. four igg mcabs (all igg3) and 2 igm mcabs were used, all showed different reactivities and were bound to homologous lipopolysaccharide (lps). igg3 mcabs at the sub-agglutinating concentration were opsonic, but the degree of the opsonic effect varied among igg3 mcabs. opsonization with ig ... | 1988 | 3376416 |
| human-to-human transmission of leptospira interrogans by milk. | 1988 | 3392418 | |
| bovine leptospirosis: microbiological and histological findings in cattle at slaughter. | kidneys from cattle at slaughter were examined for the presence of leptospires. of 218 (8.3%) kidneys leptospires were isolated from 18; all were identified as leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo. none of the leptospire-infected kidneys had histopathological lesions indicative of leptospirosis and leptospires were demonstrated in only 2 by immunogold silver staining. leptospires infected kidneys remained viable for at least 21 days when stored at 4 degrees but became non-viable within 14 days ... | 1988 | 3401146 |
| [swine leptospirosis. first isolation in chile of leptospira interrogans serovar tarassovi]. | 1988 | 3420981 | |
| presence of a variety of antigenic variants belonging to at least 4 different serovars in a population of leptospira interrogans serovar hebdomadis. | the presence of antigenic variants belonging to at least 4 different serovars, jules, kremastos and 2 new serovars, was demonstrated in a population of cloned leptospira interrogans serovar hebdomadis. thirteen antigenic variants were isolated from the clone of serovar hebdomadis by culturing in the presence of 13 monoclonal antibodies against 5 serovars, hebdomadis, worsfoldi, kambale, jules and kremastos kyoto, respectively. these variants were divided into 4 groups, based on the reactivity wi ... | 1988 | 3176752 |
| chemical and biological properties of a phenol-water extract from leptospira interrogans. evidence for the absence of lipopolysaccharide. | leptospira interrogans, serovar copenhageni was extracted by the phenol-water method and the resulting preparation examined for chemical composition and endotoxic activity. chemical analysis revealed that a number of sugars were present, however, the amount of lipid content was very low. further, the preparation was devoid of characteristic endotoxic properties, like lethal toxicity, pyrogenicity and the property to induce the local shwartzman reaction. the extract, however, was active in the li ... | 1988 | 3182088 |
| dna hybridization with hardjobovis-specific recombinant probes as a method for type discrimination of leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo. | restriction endonuclease analysis of dna of leptospira interrogans, serovar hardjo, showed two distinct types within this serovar. these two types, hardjoprajitno and hardjobovis, cannot be differentiated by monoclonal antibodies. application of 32p- or biotin-labelled total dna probes in dot-blot or in situ hybridization assays showed a high sensitivity of the assays but also considerable cross-hybridization. therefore, a genomic library of hardjobovis was constructed and a number of hardjobovi ... | 1988 | 3183617 |
| prevention of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona infection in domestic pigs by vaccination. | 1988 | 3190600 | |
| serological reactions to leptospira species in game animals of northern natal. | fifty sera collected from 12 different species of free-living game animals in game parks in the northern natal were tested against 8 leptospira interrogans antigens using the microscopic agglutination test (mat). six out of 50 animals had titres, all less than 100. three of these animals had titres to serovar mini, 1 animal to tarrasovi, and 3 animals had multi-serovar reactions, 1 to mini and hardjo, and 1 to tarrasovi, copenhageni and pomona. | 1988 | 3194123 |
| comparative studies of strains ictero no. i and rga as the type strain of leptospira interrogans: agglutinin absorption test, protein and antigen profiles, and enzyme activities. | strain ictero no. i, the first isolate of leptospira, isolated by inada and ido in 1914, was found to be sufficiently qualified to be the type strain of leptospira interrogans rather than strain rga. in an agglutinin absorption test, anti-ictero no. i serum was not absorbed completely with strain rga, and 25% of the homologous titer remained unabsorbed, while anti-rga serum was completely absorbed with strain ictero no. i. thus, strain ictero no. i was not serologically identical with strain rga ... | 1988 | 3200169 |
| repetitive sequence element cloned from leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo type hardjo-bovis provides a sensitive diagnostic probe for bovine leptospirosis. | a repetitive sequence element was cloned from the primary etiological agent causing bovine leptospirosis in north america, leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo type hardjo-bovis. this element was used to design a sensitive diagnostic probe which distinguishes hardjo-bovis from other pathogenic leptospires which commonly infect domestic animals in north america and discriminates between hardjo-bovis and the reference strain for serovar hardjo, hardjoprajitno. by using this probe, it was possible ... | 1988 | 3230128 |
| classification of leptospira interrogans serovar lai strain 017 by using monoclonal antibodies. | leptospira interrogans serovar lai was identified in china in 1966 as a new serovar of the icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup by cross-absorption tests. in this study, we established three hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) of the immunoglobulin g3 subclass (lw1, lw2, and lw3) and of the immunoglobulin m class (lw4a) against serovar lai strain 017 by the cell fusion technique. immunological reactivities of the mabs were determined by the microscopic agglutination test, enzyme ... | 1988 | 3235658 |
| variation in the hemolytic activity of leptospira interrogans serovar canicola. | leptospira interrogans serovar canicola strain moulton was grown to a high cell density in a protein-free medium with hemin. the hemolysin produced in this culture system showed a greatly expanded spectrum of hemolysis as compared to previous reports of leptospiral hemolysin produced in a more traditional culture system containing serum. | 1988 | 3238474 |
| ménétrier's disease. a trivalent gastropathy. | current conceptions of ménétrier's disease only obliquely resemble those originally described. bona-fide cases are so uncommon that, of 125 cases diagnosed as ménétier's disease, hypertrophic gastritis, or protein-losing gastropathy treated at the massachusetts general hospital during the 26-year period of 1962-1987, only six cases merited an unequivocal anatomic diagnosis. two other cases previously described proved on review to be nondiagnostic in one instance and campylobacter pylori gastriti ... | 1988 | 3264139 |
| antigens recognised by the human immune response to infection with leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo. | serum samples from patients infected with leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo were tested by the microscopic agglutination test (mat), enzyme immunoassay (eia) and immunoblotting. there was no apparent correlation between mat titre and eia optical density (od) for individual serum samples, but sequential serum samples produced similar profiles in both tests during the course of an infection. immunoblotting of hardjo sonicate with patients' sera revealed reactions with a number of bands, in the ... | 1988 | 3282073 |
| identification of leptospiral flagellar antigens by gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. | flagella extracted from five serovars, representative of the pathogenic and saprophytic species of the leptospiraceae, were morphologically similar. analysis of leptospira interrogans flagellar preparations by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed three common major bands in the (30-40) x 10(3)-mol. wt region, and serovar-specific bands in the lower region of the gels. although some differences were observed, flagella extracted from l. biflexa serovar patoc and leptonema illini revealed si ... | 1988 | 3286874 |
| leptospiral lipopolysaccharide presence in the outer envelope: electrophoretic evidence and immunological specificity. | purified preparations of lipopolysaccharides (lps) extracted from two different strains of leptospira interrogans have been electrophoretically analyzed in order to determine their location at the level of outer envelope (oe). evidence has been collected for the presence of some lps fractions in the oe, suggesting that a part of this molecule is embedded in the membrane structure. the serological specificity of the lps has been in addition tested by means of monoclonal antiserovar antibodies (mo ... | 1988 | 2464258 |
| expression of antigen genes of leptospira interrogans serovar canicola in escherichia coli. | leptospira interrogans serovar canicola dna was cloned into the plasmid pbr322 and introduced into e. coli. eight out of approximately 10,000 transformants were found to express antigens of canicola by elisa including colony elisa blot test using anti-canicola antiserum. the canicola antigens expressed in the transformants reacted with the antisera against the serovars belonging to canicola serogroup and other serogroups of l. interrogans. they did not react, however, with the antiserum against ... | 1988 | 3070308 |
| leptospiral antibodies in cattle in alberta and evidence of an emerging serovar. | antibodies to leptospira interrogans serovars hardjo and pomona were present in 8.3% and 0.5% of sera respectively, from adult female cattle in alberta surveyed in 1984-85. criterion for a positive serum sample was 50% agglutination at 1/100 dilution in the microscopic agglutination test. a positive herd contained one or more cows with positive serum. prevalences were calculated on sample sizes that would give 80-95% reliability. hardjo antibody prevalences and hardjo-positive herd prevalences w ... | 1988 | 17423101 |
| failure of a seropositive bull to transmit leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo infection to heifers. | 1989 | 17423215 | |
| nucleotide sequence of a 23s ribosomal rna gene from leptospira interrogans serovar canicola strain moulton. | 1989 | 2467256 |