Publications

parasuicide in europe: the who/euro multicentre study on parasuicide. i. introduction and preliminary analysis for 1989.	the who/euro multicentre study on parasuicide is a new, coordinated, multinational, european study that covers two broad areas of research: monitoring trends in the epidemiology of parasuicide (epidemiological monitoring study); and follow-up investigations of parasuicide populations, with a view to identifying the social and personal characteristics predictive of future suicidal behaviour (repetition prediction project). this article provides background information on the development and organi ...	1992	1543046
[orthotopic liver transplantation in the budd-chiari syndrome. a case report].	a patient with budd-chiari's syndrome of idiopathic etiology, received an emergency liver transplant because of terminal liver insufficiency, including encephalopathy, functional renal failure and progressive deterioration of coagulation. the diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy. the transplanted liver was from a patient with the same blood group and the preserving solution was euro collins. no veno-venous by-pass was necessary during operation. anticoagulation was started from the immediate post-o ...	1992	1547037
visions and revisions of reality: reflections on sex, sexuality, gender, and gender variance.	varying perceptions of gender, sex, and sexuality are investigated, using several examples, from the pokot of east africa to the tewa indians in new mexico. the role that labels play in the acquisition of gender identity is also explored; and the influence of cartesian dualism is challenged, suggesting a need to expand euro-american conceptions of gender.	1992	1431087
[organ preservation].	for organ preservation in europe the euro-collins-, uw- and htk-solution are preferred. while the htk-solution is mainly used for heart preservation, the uw-solution has shown its advantages for longterm preservation of kidney, liver and pancreas. with regard to renal preservation the htk-solution provides a higher buffer capacity. according to experimental and theroretical considerations the content of glucose in the euro-collins-solution does not seem to correspond to the current state of know ...	1992	1285469
health related quality of life measurement--euro style.	several teams are attempting to produce generic health related quality of life measures: none, probably, as ambitious as the euroqol group who are 'developing a standardised non-disease-specific instrument....with the capacity to generate cross-national comparisons' (euroqol group, euroqol--a new facility for the measurement of health related quality of life, health policy, 16 (1990) 199-208). unfortunately the instrument is flawed both conceptually and in its construction; it is unsurprising, t ...	1992	10118016
comparison of information: a way to improve the quality of health care.	quality of care is a growing concern of health care providers, financers and consumers, as regards both the cost and the outcome. uncertainty about what is appropriate health care has triggered interest in comparing the outcomes of different health care practices. this paper addresses the necessity to compare information on variations in practice, utilization and cost of health care delivery. however, for general improvements in the outcome of health care, a variety of partners, such as ministri ...	1992	1489969
drug use in pregnancy: east german data of an international collaborative study.	in an epidemiological collaborative international study under the auspices of who-euro the drug use in pregnancy was investigated in 22 countries in 14,778 women and in hospitals of three different levels. the east german state thuringia took part according to the annual birth rate with 300 women in 3 hospitals (jena, gera, greiz). in the international average, 14% of the enrolled women took no drugs during pregnancy before admission to hospital for delivery. in east germany 44% of the women tak ...	1992	1490781
non-association between 9.2 kb pvuii rflp and seronegative spondyloarthropathies in spain.	several studies of dna restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) in ankylosing spondylitis (as) have been carried out. the association between a recently identified class i hla 9.2 kb pvuii rflp and as remain controversial. in order to evaluate this possible association in an euro-caucasian population, the genomic dna of 42 as patients and 18 patients with reiter's syndrome (rs) and 42 healthy controls was analysed. non-association between 9.2 kb pvuii rflp and as or rs was observed. as de ...	1992	1360307
massive hyperkalemia during combined heart-lung transplantation: inadvertent contamination with modified euro-collins solution.		1992	1421072
the euro-postdoc: national barriers are crumbling.		1992	17841175
chorionic villus sampling (cvs): world health organization european regional office (who/euro) meeting statement on the use of cvs in prenatal diagnosis.		1992	1472802
direct measurement of hepatic blood flow in native and transplanted organs, with accompanying systemic hemodynamics.	the purpose of this study was to investigate intraoperatively a population of patients with end-stage liver disease before and after liver transplantation with respect to (a) the range of hepatic and systemic hemodynamics and their changes associated with transplantation and (b) the ability to identify native hemodynamic correlates with specific diagnostic groups. hepatic artery and portal vein blood flows were determined with square-wave electromagnetic flowmetry. significant differences relate ...	1992	1618464
[the quality of the preservation of lungs using different solutions (an experimental study)].	effects of different perfusion conditions and storage of isolated dog lungs on the process of edema development were studied. sixty-nine mongrel dogs were used in the study. in case of a 15 min perfusion via the pulmonary artery and 12 h storage lung condition depended mainly on the type of solution and addition of protective drugs to this solution. euro-collins and low-potassium electrolytic solution markedly increased capillary hydrostatic pressure and drastically reduced plasma colloid-osmoti ...	1993	7508722
pancreatic islet purification using bovine serum albumin: the importance of density gradient temperature and osmolality.	euro-ficoll and bovine serum albumin (bsa) are two of the most commonly used density gradient media for the purification of pancreatic islets. euro-ficoll is based upon euro-collins, a cold storage medium, and must, therefore, be used at 4 degrees c. the ionic composition of bsa, however, is likely to contribute to hypothermic cellular swelling, and this may influence the efficiency of islet purification using this medium at 4 degrees c. experience in this laboratory also suggested that batch-to ...	1993	7512874
[structural and functional relationships demonstrated by the study of v3 loop heterogeneity].	data obtained from genomic sequence analysis of the gp 120 v3 loop show that some of the phenotype features depend on the modifications produced in the amino acid sequence of this region. phenotypical characterization of hiv isolates is based on their sensitivity to neutralizing antibodies, the appearance of virus variants showing unusual tropism, higher cytopathogenicity in vitro and modified virulence in vivo, etc. sequencing data published since now concern strains from the euro-american area ...	1993	7530033
[pancreas transplantation in dogs, effect on the endocrine pancreas of pancreatic duct obliteration and the mode of pancreas preservation. histological study by surface analysis in dogs].	the effects of organ preservation and of canal obliteration on the endocrine pancreas were investigated in three groups of dogs. a control group of 6 animals were used for the histological examination of the normal pancreas. two randomized groups (a and b) of 7 dogs the caudal pancreas was autotransplanted; a fibrin glue was injected into the pancreas canals 28 days before organ removal. in the group a, each graft was rinsed in a euro-collins solution and immediately transplanted. in group b, ea ...	1993	7805469
[analysis of type ii pneumocyte protection by pneumoplegic solutions. an experimental in vitro study of lung preservation for transplantation].	with the aim of studying the physiopathological mechanism of lung preservation, we have valued the pneumocytes type ii viability after six hours of incubation at 4 degrees c in extracellular (ringer lactate) and intracellular (collins, euro-collins and belzer) solutions. the cells have been cut off from adult rat's lung using the modified dobbs' method. alveolar type ii viability have been valued using two methods: the total protein content in each culture and the metabolic function of the cells ...	1993	7941911
alterations in pulmonary surfactant composition and activity after experimental lung transplantation.	pulmonary surfactant facilitates breathing by reducing the surface tension at the air/liquid interface. we examined the effect of experimental lung transplantation on the phospholipid pool sizes of alveolar surfactant large and small aggregates, the composition of the large aggregates, the surface tension-reducing ability of lipid extract surfactant, and the leakage of serum proteins into the lung. a double-lung block from the donor animal was stored for 2 or 12 h after perfusion with either eur ...	1993	8317801
[p-31 mr spectroscopy of excised pig liver].	this study used p-31 mr spectroscopy (p-31 mrs) to evaluate the viability of a pig liver preserved with perfusate. pig liver was excised and preserved in cooled euro-collins solution after canulation of the portal vein and perfusion with the solution. p-31 mrs was performed on a 1.5 tesla machine. p-31 mrs showed that the beta-peak of atp in the preserved pig liver diminished within two hours. p-31 mrs of pig liver with perfusion of cooled and oxygenated euro-collins solution revealed a signific ...	1993	8327320
the effect of the addition of albumin to cardioplegic and preservation solutions on the isolated rat heart.	this experimental study evaluates the effect of the addition of albumin to cardioplegic and preservation solutions on isolated rat hearts. male wistar rat hearts were arrested with a 4 degrees c crystalloid cardioplegic solution. all hearts were immersed for 8 hours in a 4 degrees c euro-collins solution. they were divided into four groups: group i, the cardioplegic solution was used for cardiac arrest, and the 4 degrees c euro-collins solution did not contain albumin; group ii, the cardioplegic ...	1993	8329420
human islet purification: a prospective comparison of euro-ficoll and bovine serum albumin density gradients.	euro-ficoll (ef) and bovine serum albumin (bsa) are the two most commonly used media for the density gradient purification of human pancreatic islets. the aim of this study was to compare these two media with respect to the efficiency of human islet isolation. ten human pancreata were collagenase-digested, and samples of digest were separated on either a continuous linear density gradient of bsa or a discontinuous gradient of ef (1.108/1.096/1.037/euro-collins). efficiency of islet purification ...	1993	8329732
the efficiency of pulmonary blood transport following single lung transplantation.	perioperative right ventricular (rv) dysfunction remains a significant problem following single lung transplantation (slt), especially in patients with pulmonary hypertension. total rv power (wt), a determinant of rv function, is the sum of the mean component (wm) which contributes to actual blood flow and the oscillatory component (wo) which is the energy expended on arterial pulsation. calculation of wo is possible only through harmonic analysis of pulmonary arterial (pa) pressure and flow wav ...	1993	8331922
evidence of the existence of a soluble mediator of cold preservation injury.	a study was designed to determine whether soluble mediators of injury are released during cold preservation. a first set of livers consisting of three groups was stored in cold euro-collins solution. these were a control group stored for 10 min (group 1), an experimental group stored for 16 hr (group 2), and an "antiprotease" group to which a cocktail of antiproteases had been added, which was also stored for 16 hr (group 3). the preservation solution in these livers was washed out at the end of ...	1993	8333066
beneficial effect of the addition of nitroglycerin to the cardioplegic solution on the cold-stored reperfused isolated rat heart.	we discuss here the effect of the addition of trinitroglycerin to the cardioplegic solution on the isolated rat heart after eight hours of storage. this effect was evaluated by measuring cardiac function as well as myocardial calcium and enzymes. male wistar rats were divided into three groups based on the concentration of trinitroglycerine in the cardioplegic solution. in the control group, the fluid used was a crystalloid cardioplegic solution (k+ 25 meq/l) without trinitroglycerin and for gro ...	1993	8341002
normothermic liver perfusion ex situ: a resuscitation tool for hepatic grafts damaged by warm ischemia.	ex situ perfusion of the liver has been proposed as a preservation tool for organs to be grafted; in this study, we have investigated whether this procedure could help to reverse damage caused by prolonged ischaemia. the liver was explanted from 6 pigs under general anaesthesia. the organs were subject to warm ischaemia (37 degrees c) for 30 min., cooled in situ by portal infusion of euro collins, excised and maintained ischaemic at 4 degrees c for 30 min. more. afterwards, normothermic perfusio ...	1993	8343355
injury to cultured liver endothelial cells during cold preservation: energy-dependent versus energy-deficiency injury.	previously, we demonstrated an energy-dependent injury to cultured liver endothelial cells during cold incubation in university of wisconsin (uw) solution. here, the effects of histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (htk) and euro-collins (ec) solutions on these cells were studied. in htk solution, 83% +/- 4% of the cells had lost viability after 9 h of incubation at 4 degrees c. the addition of cyanide (1 mm) to simulate hypoxic conditions protected the cells to the extent that only 9% +/- 1% of th ...	1993	8347268
protective effect of the paf antagonist bn 52021 in an experimental renal warm ischemia model.	platelet activating factor is involved in warm ischemic damage. we studied the effect of the paf receptor antagonist bn 52021 in an experimental model of 60 min of renal warm ischemia in which the left kidney was flushed with euro-collins solution and a right nephrectomy was performed. eighty wistar rats were divided into a sham-operated group, two control groups, and four study groups, according to the dosage and route of bn 52021 administration. bn 52021 was used in the flush solution at conce ...	1993	8347271
effects of water restriction on digestive function in two macropodid marsupials from divergent habitats and the feral goat.	the effects of water restriction on digestive function in the euro (macropus robustus erubescens) found in the arid zone of inland australia, the eastern wallaroo (m.r.robustus) from more mesic regions of eastern australia, and the feral goat (capra hircus) found throughout the range of m. robustus, were compared in order to examine some physiological adaptations required by herbivores for the exploitation of arid environments. eight animals of each species were held in individual metabolism cag ...	1993	8349886
effects of trehalose in preservation of canine lung for transplants.	the effect of trehalose, a non-reducing disaccharide which stabilizes and protects membranes, in the preservation of canine lungs was examined when euro-collins solution was basically used as a preservant. in group i, five lungs were perfused and preserved in an euro-collins solution modified by replacing the glucose with 35.0 g/l of trehalose. five control lungs (group ii) were perfused and preserved with euro-collins solution containing 35.0 g/l glucose. in both groups, no vasodilators were us ...	1993	8367858
cold- and cryopreservation of human liver and kidney slices.	tissue slices may provide a rapid and economical way of determining cold ischemic effects on human liver and kidney cell viability and metabolism. in contrast to isolated hepatocyte cultures, tissue slices offer an in vitro system which more closely resembles the in vivo situation because of the differentiation and functional heterogeneity of the slice. in this study, human liver and kidney slices were cold stored for 10 days in belzers university of wisconsin (uw), euro-collins, and modified sa ...	1993	8370311
[the effect of additional albumin with optimal concentration on the reperfusion after preservation of isolated rat hearts].	we studied the effect of additional albumin in preservation solution on reperfusion after immersion of isolated rat hearts by measuring cardiac function, myocardial enzymes and calcium. male wistar rats weighing 300 gr to 450 gr were used. isolated rat hearts were arrested by cardioplegic solution and washed out with preservation solution. then, the hearts were immersed at 4 degrees c for six hours. the group was divided into four by the concentration of additional albumin in preservation soluti ...	1993	8377753
[effect of na-l-glutamate on mitochondrial function of atp synthesis after prolonged preservation in rat heart].	we studied the effect of na-l-glutamate (glu) on mitochondrial functions of atp synthesis after prolonged hypothermic preservation of rat hearts. we divided isolated rat hearts into the following three groups: group a, hearts without immersion as control; group b, hearts immersed in euro-collins solution (e-c) without glu for 24 h at 4 degrees c; group c, hearts immersed in e-c with 10mm glu for 24 h at 4 degrees c. number of each group used was 6. mitochondrial functions of atp production were ...	1993	8377763
the effect of superoxide production on the replantation of rat limbs after cold ischemia.	in order to clarify the effect of superoxide anion radicals on the "no-reflow phenomenon," the authors examined the utility of simple cold preservation of rat limbs in replantation. they quantified such radicals, derived from erythrocytes and plasma in the preserved limb, using a chemiluminescence method employing a derivative of luciferin (cla). eighty-four lewis rat limbs were preserved at 4 degrees c in euro-collins solution for 10 to 120 hr, and grafted orthotopically to isogeneic rats by mi ...	1993	8380871
the effects of allopurinol and sod on lipid peroxidation and energy metabolism in the liver after ischemia in an aerobic/anaerobic persufflation.	this study was aimed at examining the vulnerability of the liver to oxygen-free radicals upon reoxygenation after prolonged ischemia. livers from male wistar rats were first flushed with ringer's and euro-collins solutions. after ischemic storage in krebs-henseleit solution at 37 degrees c for 60 min and in euro-collins solution at 4 degrees c for another 60 min, they were then persufflated with either gaseous o2 or n2 for 30 min at 37 degrees c, and rinsed again with ringer's solution. enzyme c ...	1993	8400677
role of the hepatovasculature in free radical mediated reperfusion damage of the liver.	this study was undertaken in order to assess the role of purely circulation-related effects upon free-radical-mediated reperfusion injury in the liver by comparing the respective effects of the oxygen free-radical scavenger superoxide dismutase (sod) and the vasodilative action of papaverine in an ischemia/reperfusion model of the liver. livers from male wistar rats were rinsed blood free via the portal vein and stored ischemically (60 min at 37 degrees c in krebs-henseleit solution and 60 min a ...	1993	8404987
[successful 24-hour pulmonary preservation in the use of hyperbaric oxygen].	24-hour lung preservation with modified euro-collins (e-c) solution under hyperbaric oxygen (ohp) was studied in the canine single lung transplantation model. a prostaglandin i2 (pgi2) was administered before cardiac arrest by st. thomas solution. lungs were flushed with modified e-c solution, then heart and lungs were excised en-bloc and immersed in 4 degrees c modified e-c solution for 24 hours in control group (n = 5). in ohp group (n = 5), heart and lung block were preserved similarly in the ...	1993	8409595
the effect of different solutions for organ preservation on immediate postischemic pancreatic function in vitro.	the present study compares the effect of organ preservation with euro-collins solution, cardioplegic histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution, and university of wisconsin solution on immediate pancreatic function after cold storage at 4 degrees c for 24 hr. postischemic organ quality of a porcine pancreas preparation was tested by quantification of physiological and biomedical parameters in a one-line reperfusion system. during reperfusion with a constant arterial pressure the arteriovenous f ...	1993	8420035
transplantation of canine lung allografts preserved in uw solution for 24 hours.	to evaluate the efficacy of university of wisconsin (uw) solution for lung preservation, we performed canine lung allotransplantation with lungs preserved in uw solution. donor lungs from eight dogs were flushed with uw solution and lungs from four dogs with euro-collins solution, and these were preserved for 24 hr in cold storage at 4-6 degrees c. all recipient dogs were given cyclosporine at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day until death. none of the four dogs that received a lung allograft flushed with e ...	1993	8420040
improved recovery of heart transplants with a specific kit of preservation solutions.	in the course of cardiac transplantation, donor hearts undergo a four-step sequence of events (arrest, cold storage, global ischemia during implantation, and reperfusion) during which myocardial damage can occur. we tested the hypothesis that the functional recovery of these hearts could be improved by exposure to two interdependently formulated preservation solutions throughout this four-step sequence. solution i was used as a perfusion and storage medium during the first three steps, and solut ...	1993	8429664
metabolic activity of freshly prepared and cryopreserved hepatocytes in monolayer culture.	the successful use of isolated hepatocytes for transplantation will, no doubt, require cryopreservation of the cells. however, cryopreservation results in the loss of viability of isolated hepatocytes. in this study a method is described that allows recovery of viable hepatocytes after cryopreservation. freshly prepared and cryopreserved hepatocytes (1.8 m me2so in euro-collins solution) were suspended in dulbecco's culture medium and allowed to form monolayers in primaria t-25 culture flasks. v ...	1993	8440125
long-chain acyl-coenzyme a thioesters and renal hypothermic ischemic injury: effects of glycine flush.	the effects of hypothermic ischemia utilizing euro-collins flush on renal tissue long-chain activated fatty acid content was studied in dogs. also, the ability of the simple amino acid glycine to complex these acyl thioesters was also investigated. renal inner cortex was found to contain (in increasing amounts) myristoyl-, palmitoleoyl-, palmitoyl-, arachidonyl-, and oleoyl-coenzyme a throughout the 3 days of cold ischemia. although the amounts of individual long-chain acyl-coa compounds varied ...	1993	8440127
preservation of small bowel with university of wisconsin and euro-collins solution.		1993	8442210
an in vitro method for comparing the efficacy of two preservation solutions in one canine liver using the 5'-nucleotidase assay.	the activity and localization of the plasma membrane-bound enzyme 5'-nucleotidase (5'-nt) in liver tissue are sensitive parameters of ischemic damage. the value of 5'-nt as a marker of liver graft viability was studied in relation to liver preservation. in six mongrel dogs, the main right and left branches of the portal vein were cannulated and flushed separately in situ with cold university of wisconsin (uw) solution and euro-collins (ec) solution, respectively. after hepatectomy, the right and ...	1993	8452636
action plan for a tobacco-free europe: implementation in central and eastern europe, 1993-94. who regional office for europe.	major political and social changes in central and eastern european (cee) countries offer new opportunities and challenges in tobacco control. action against tobacco in cee countries is part of an overall european strategy, the action plan for a tobacco-free europe. several cee countries have voiced their concern about the deterioration of tobacco control and about the entry of the international tobacco industry. in response, the regional office has set up a framework for an international task fo ...	1993	8461862
a comparison of intracellular solutions for donor heart preservation.	numerous solutions have been advocated for the preservation of donor hearts, and there has been much interest in universal and intracellular preservation solutions. this study compared the effects of euro-collins, university of wisconsin, and bretschneider's solutions with the use of an in vitro human right atrial muscle preparation to assess recovery of function after a 24-hour period of simulated cardiac arrest. there were no statistically significant differences among groups in length, weight ...	1993	8469000
the value of histological study by surface analysis of preserved and injected pancreatic grafts: a prospective controlled study in dogs.	to evaluate the effects of pancreas preservation and pancreatic duct obliteration on the endocrine pancreas, three groups of dogs were used: a control group (six) in which histologic analysis of normal pancreas was performed and two randomized groups (seven) from which the caudal pancreas was auto-transplanted, injected with fibrin glue and removed on the 28th day. in group a, each graft was flushed out with euro-collins' solution and immediately transplanted. in group b, each graft was preserve ...	1993	8473081
cadaver lung donors: effect of preharvest ventilation on graft function.	the pulmonary donor pool would increase substantially if lungs could be safely transplanted after cessation of circulation. to determine whether ventilation of cadaver lungs could improve graft function, canine donors were sacrificed and then ventilated with 100% oxygen (n = 6) or 100% nitrogen (n = 6); 6 served as nonventilated controls. four hours after death, the lungs were flushed with modified euro-collins solution and harvested. controls were ventilated with 100% oxygen only during flush a ...	1993	8494430
protein synthesis and gene expression in transplanted and postischemic livers.	the expression of some genes has been comparatively studied in transplanted rat liver and in liver reperfused after ischemia in situ. experiments on protein synthesis by tissue slices from cold-stored or transplanted livers show that rat livers that retain a good capacity for protein synthesis during storage undergo a profound impairment in the capacity for protein synthesis during the first hours after transplantation. this recovers in the following hours. there is never any indication of synth ...	1993	8497910
improved ultrastructural lung preservation with prostaglandin e1 as donor pretreatment in a primate model of heart-lung transplantation.	donor pretreatment with prostaglandin e1 as a pulmonary vasodilator has developed as a simple, effective means to provide excellent preservation in heart-lung transplantation. this study was undertaken to investigate the degree of ultrastructural preservation of the lung with prostaglandin e1 and other pulmonary vasodilators in a primate heart-lung transplantation model. heart-lung transplantation was performed in 14 african green monkeys. donor cardiac preservation was achieved with cold crysta ...	1993	8501946
effect of a free radical scavenger on cadaver lung transplantation.	the pulmonary donor pool would increase substantially if lungs could be safely transplanted after cessation of circulation. to determine whether the addition of the free radical scavenger dimethylthiourea to the perfusate of cadaver lungs could improve graft function, canine donors were sacrificed, and lungs retrieved 2 hours after death. in a blinded fashion, dimethylthiourea was added to the modified euro-collins solution and infused into recipients (n = 9) perioperatively; a placebo was inclu ...	1993	8512395
lung reperfusion injury is reduced by inhibiting a cd18-dependent mechanism.	cd18 designates a component of a leukocyte surface glycoprotein complex that mediates endothelial adherence. to determine whether interference with cd18-dependent leukocyte adhesion modifies reperfusion injury, we transplanted 16 canine left lungs after 4-hour preservation with modified euro-collins solution. anti-canine cd18 monoclonal antibody (r15.7, 1 mg/kg, intravenously) was administered to eight lung recipients 5 minutes before reperfusion; eight control recipients were not treated. venti ...	1993	8097405
protein turnover in two kangaroo sub-species (macropus robustus robustus and m. r. erubescens) from divergent habitats and the sympatric feral goat (capra hircus).	1. whole-body protein turnover was measured by a single-injection [15n]glycine method in the euro (macropus robustus erubescens), wallaroo (m. r. robustus) and goat (capra hircus). 2. dietary nitrogen (n) intake was greater (p < 0.05) in the goat (1.17 g n/kg 0.75 x day) than in the kangaroo sub-species and greater (p < 0.05) in the wallaroo (1.07 g n/kg 0.75 x day) than in the euro (0.93 g n/kg 0.75 x day). similar (0.29-0.34 g n/kg 0.75 x day) among the species. 3. crude protein (cp) turnover ...	1993	8101778
successful long-term storage of rat limbs. the use of simple immersion in euro-collins solution.	the effect of simple cold storage in euro-collins solution on prolonging successful preservation time was examined on an established rat limb transplant model. limbs amputated at mid-thigh level were simply immersed in the solution and stored in a refrigerator at 4 degrees c. after varying periods of cold storage, the limb was orthotopically grafted to another isogeneic rat using microsurgical techniques. the survival rates for 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours' storage were 100%, 90%, 67% and 50% respect ...	1993	8163316
the effect of technical conditions and storage medium composition on the phosphomonoesters to inorganic phosphate ratio determined by 31p nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in rabbit kidney.	using 31p nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we compared the state of the high-energy phosphates in rabbit kidneys stored at 4 degrees c for 24 hr with 3 different solutions: ringer (rg), university of wisconsin (uw), and euro-collins (ec) solutions. we found the highest phosphomonoester/inorganic phosphate (mp:pi) ratio in the group of kidneys stored in the rg solution (rg, 0.93 +/- 0.04; uw, 0.36 +/- 0.02; ec, 0.28 +/- 0.02). this medium has been demonstrated in previous physiological st ...	1993	8212169
early allograft function in canine single lung transplant.	an assessment of early graft function in canine single lung transplant recipients was made by analysing early postoperative radiographic progression, lung perfusion, bronchial patency and bronchial anastomotic wound healing and histopathology of the allografted lung. eighteen mongrel dogs weighing 15kg on average were used. donor lung bloc with a generous atrial cuff, the pulmonary artery and left bronchus were taken and flushed with euro-collins solution which implanted in the pneumonectomized ...	1993	8240746
the effect of fasting and exogenous adenosine on atp tissue concentration and viability of canine pancreas grafts during preservation by the two-layer method.	we have demonstrated a direct correlation between a high atp level in a canine pancreas graft after preservation by the two-layer method and good posttransplant outcome. the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of fasting and exogenous adenosine on the atp tissue level and viability of the canine pancreas graft during preservation by the two-layer method. graft viability was judged by graft survival following autotransplantation. maintenance of normoglycemia for 5 days post-transplant ...	1993	8249104
islet cell hormone release immediately after human pancreatic transplantation. a marker of tissue damage associated with cold ischemia.	pancreatic graft procurement, preservation, and transplantation surgery may result in damage to and loss of the integrity of endocrine cells and consequently in leakage of cell products into the insular vascular capillaries. thus, the amount of alpha-, beta-, and pancreatic polypeptide (pp) cell products released into the vascular space of the recipient immediately after graft reperfusion may reflect islet cell injury. to test this hypothesis, we assessed glucagon, pp, c-peptide, and insulin lev ...	1993	8249111
uw vs euro-collins solution in preserving warm ischemia-damaged kidneys.		1993	8266526
reduction of conjugated dienes in lung transplantation: effect of bn 52021.	oxygen-derived free radicals have been identified as the mediators of tissue injury during reperfusion in organ transplantation. lipid peroxidation of cell membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids, generating conjugated dienes (cd), is a toxicity of oxygen-derived free radicals. the cd structure in fatty acyl moieties was measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography in samples of inferior pulmonary venous blood and pulmonary tissue to assess reperfusion injury and oxygen-derived free radical-medi ...	1993	8267425
nucleation and crystal growth in a vitrification solution tested for organ cryopreservation by vitrification.	nucleation and crystal growth are investigated for vitrification solution vs41a (dimethyl sulfoxide, formamide, and 1,2-propanediol) in an aqueous carrier solution giving, when added to these three cryoprotectants, a concentration of other solutes in the whole solution the same as that in euro-collins, with a 55% (w/v) cryoprotectant concentration. this concentration is assumed to achieve physical properties under 1 atmosphere similar to those of solution vs4 used under 1000 atmospheres. the the ...	1993	11987991
the importance of adenosine metabolism in ischemically damaged canine pancreas during preservation by the two-layer cold storage method.	the two-layer cold storage method using the university of wisconsin solution (uw) allows continuous tissue adenosine triphosphate (atp) production during the preservation period. uw contains 5mm of adenosine which has several mechanisms of action, however, its efficacy is controversial. in this study, at first, we investigated the metabolism of exogenous adenosine during preservation by the two-layer method in the canine pancreas graft subjected to 60 min warm ischemia. high concentration (> 5 m ...	1993	8182919
glucose metabolism in a kangaroo (macropus robustus erubescens) and a similar size eutherian herbivore, the feral goat.	1. glucose pool size, space, entry rate, and turnover time were estimated from the specific radioactivity vs time curves of [3h] and [14c]glucose administered as a single injection in the euro (macropus robustus erubescens) and the sympatric feral goat (capra hircus). 2. digestible energy intake was greater (p < 0.05 +/- se) in the goat than in the euro (798 +/- 64 vs 624 +/- 31 kj/kg0.75 x day). 3. however, there were no significant differences between the two species in parameters of glucose m ...	1993	7902800
analysis of dnase 1 sensitivity and methylation of active and inactive x chromosomes of kangaroos (macropus robustus) by in situ nick translation.	the overall nuclease sensitivity and methylation of active and inactive x chromosomes of kangaroos were examined by in situ nick translation. cultured fibroblasts of subspecies wallaroo-euro (macropus robustus robustus; macropus robustus erubescens) hybrids were used, enabling the paternally and maternally derived x chromosomes to be distinguished. no difference was found between the active and inactive x chromosomes with dnase i or mspi digestion. when chromosomes were digested with the methyla ...	1993	8381740
family responses to young children with developmental delays: accommodation activity in ecological and cultural context.	in this study 680 accommodations or proactive efforts to sustain a family environment in 10 ecocultural domains were reliably scored for 102 euro-american families of young children with developmental delays. the families reported substantial accommodation activity. results showed that accommodations (a) in the domains of child care and service access were correlated with children's problems that impact the daily routine; (b) in the domains of subsistence changes, seeking information, and roles ...	1993	7691095
a comparison of alcohol-related driving behavior of white and nonwhite north carolina drivers.	this paper broadens the knowledge of drinking/driving behavior by examining the involvement of north carolina (nc) nonwhite drivers in alcohol-related (a/r) crashes and fatal crashes involving alcohol for the period of 1980 through 1988. the study identifies an a/r crash involvement problem for nonwhites, particularly nonwhite males above the age of 25 and nonwhite females above the age of 54. for ages 25 and higher, the a/r crash rates per licensed nonwhite male are at least twice those of whit ...	1993	8357449
the social construction and subjective reality of activity settings: implications for community psychology.	a major focus of the article is the idea that activity settings are in part social constructions of the participants. the socially constructed "meaning" of an activity setting is a complex mix of ecological, cultural, interactional, and psychological features. these features may be observed and assessed, directly and indirectly, in terms of personnel, cultural values, tasks, scripts for conduct, and motives and purposes of actors. empirical illustrations and extensions to community psychology ar ...	1993	8192122
clash over too demanding euro-water standards.		1993	8332175
focus on psychometrics. development and administration of a survey instrument for cross-cultural research.	the purpose of this article is to provide a brief review of guidelines for development of culturally appropriate measures of phenomena. the principles are illustrated by citing an example of their use in developing a survey instrument to be used with a rural mexican american and euro american population. discussion focuses on practical issues of implementing the approaches suggested in the literature and adds to the literature about issues in formatting and administration of survey instruments u ...	1993	8497675
functional integrity of proximal tubule cells: effects of temperature and preservation solutions.	electrophysiologic and morphologic changes during cooling and perfusion with preservation solutions in isolated perfused proximal straight tubules from swiss white mice were investigated. in standard ringer-substrate solution, cooling from 37 degrees c to 22 and 4 degrees c depolarized both transepithelial potential and basolateral cell membrane potential. basolateral k+ transference number and cell membrane conductances were also significantly reduced. an increase in intracellular na+ activity ...	1993	8338922
multiculturalism and pluralistic thought in nursing education: native american world view and the nursing academic world view.	nursing's capability to meet the health care needs of america's increasing racial diversity is dependent on its capacity to embrace multicultural groups entering the profession. faculty should be aware of both the culture and world view of nursing's euro-american (anglo) culture-based curriculum. as an example of how world view and culture affect learning and performance, this article juxtaposes nursing's and the native american's educational world view and culture. each group's survival is depe ...	1993	8388937
university of wisconsin preservation solution compared with euro collins preservation solution in pediatric liver transplantation.	orthotopic liver transplantation has become the accepted treatment for end-stage liver disease in children. to evaluate the efficacy of the university of wisconsin (uw) preservation solution in pediatric liver transplantation, a group of 34 livers preserved with uw solution was compared in a nonrandomized fashion with a historical control group of 34 livers preserved with euro collins (ec) solution. primary graft nonfunction did not occur in either group. both groups were similar with respect to ...	1993	8340864
a proposal for improved cadaver kidney allocation.	the allocation of cadaver kidneys for transplantation should have two objectives: a fair distribution of kidneys among the waiting recipients and a high success rate. currently, organ exchange organizations are following mainly a policy of success oriented allocation in that the kidneys are distributed according to the best achievable hla match. a consequence of this policy is that patients with rare hla phenotypes experience prolonged waiting times and that there are large kidney exchange imbal ...	1993	8279026
"transplant-euro-computer-network"--european initiative to support communications between transplant facilities.		1993	8266454
aboriginal spirituality: symbolic healing in canadian prisons.	symbolic healing is a complex phenomenon that is still relatively poorly understood. this paper documents a process of symbolic healing which is occurring in canadian penitentiaries, and which involves aboriginal offenders in cultural awareness and educational programs. the situation is compounded, however, by the existence of offenders from diverse aboriginal cultural backgrounds with differing degrees of orientation to aboriginal and euro-canadian cultures. participants must first receive the ...	1993	8269714
a clinical trial of university of wisconsin solution for pulmonary preservation.	suboptimal pulmonary preservation with modified euro-collins solution (9/90 to 4/91) prompted us to change to university of wisconsin solution (4/91 to 4/92). between september 1990 and april 1992, 94 patients received 100 pulmonary allografts (13 heart-lungs, 45 double lungs, 42 single lungs) that were flushed and preserved with either euro-collins (n = 30) or university of wisconsin (n = 70) solution. selection of donors and procurement and storage of donor lungs were identical. bilateral sing ...	1993	8468999
kidney preservation with university of wisconsin or euro-collins solution? an economic analysis.		1993	8442199
current status of the eurotransplant randomized multicenter study comparing kidney graft preservation with histidine-tryptophan-ketogluterate, university of wisconsin, and euro-collins solutions. the htk study group.		1993	8442198
cultural and linguistic factors in worker notification to blue collar and no-collar african-americans.	this presentation offers historical and sociolinguistic perspectives regarding the origins of the language used by african-americans. u.s. descendants of slaves of west and niger congo african origin should not be thought of as native speakers of english. to the extent that they have lived in de jure or de facto social isolation from euro-american english-speaking persons, they have retained a west and niger congo african thought process or substratum in the phonology and morphosyntax of their s ...	1993	8422058
incidence of nosocomial pneumonia in icu patients.	euro.nis, is conceived as a multicentric, prospective evaluation of the real incidence of pneumonia in i.c.u.'s all over western europe. as one of the 29 belgian participants in this study, we performed the registration as required by the standard protocol, but also investigated our local incidence of nosocomial pneumonia in more detail. all patients hospitalized in the icu for more than 24 hours during a survey period of 1 month are included. recorded at the end of the first 24 hours are sex, y ...	1993	8310786
on chronic illness: immigrant women in canada's work force--a feminist perspective.	data from a comparative ethnographic study were examined to define factors that influence the management of illness among euro-canadian and first-generation chinese women in the canadian labour force. compared with euro-canadians, chinese women had a lower level of education, and more of them held blue collar jobs. many of them had reservations about disclosing their chronic health problem (diabetes) to coworkers and employers, some fearing job loss if this information was revealed. life circums ...	1993	8118765
prospective randomized comparison of university of wisconsin and uw-modified, lacking hydroxyethyl-starch, cold-storage solutions in kidney transplantation.	university of wisconsin cold storage solution differs from euro-collins by the presence of adenosine, allopurinol, and hydroxyethyl starch, which maintains osmotic pressure. it is now experimentally and clinically well established that the use of uw solution is associated with better liver graft recovery parameters after prolonged cold ischemia time. however, it has been also suggested in animal experiments that hes might not be essential for optimal kidney preservation, at least when cold ische ...	1993	7678358
nonparenchymal cell and hepatocellular injury to human liver grafts assessed by enzyme-release into the perfusate.	experimental studies have demonstrated preferential injury to the sinusoidal endothelium during liver preservation with university of wisconsin (uw) or euro-collins solution. this endothelial cell injury has an unclear pathogenesis, and it has not yet been studied in the human liver. therefore, we analyzed the effluent of 21 human liver allografts after cold storage. markers of hepatocellular and nonparenchymal cell injury were assessed. after preservation with uw solution, early effluent sample ...	1994	7934584
reconstruction of human skin from glycerol-preserved allodermis and cultured keratinocyte sheets.	the aim of this project was to reconstruct human skin from glycerol-preserved dermis and layers of cultured keratinocytes for use in the treatment of deep burns and ulcers. glycerol-preserved cadaver skin from the euro skin bank was treated with dispase ii or pbs, under various conditions, to find the best method of retaining the physical structure of the dermis while removing the epidermis and remnants of dead dermal cells which might provoke an allogeneic reaction in a graft recipient. monoclo ...	1994	8198736
history of the euro skin bank: the innovation of preservation technologies.	a skin bank facility is indispensable for burn care. in holland, a skin bank was established in october 1976 on a national basis for economical reasons. since 1981, overcoming early rejection by innovation of existing, and development of new, preservation technologies became the main scientific objective. the immunological benefits of glycerolization of skin became clear in 1983. in clinical practice, the use of glycerolized allograft in sandwich grafting changed this technique into a reliable p ...	1994	8198743
the immunogenicity of glycerol-preserved donor skin.	previous clinical observations have suggested that the application of glycerol-preserved donor skin as a temporary wound dressing provokes a weaker rejection reaction than fresh, vital donor skin. like others, we frequently observed that considerable parts of the allodermis not only remained on the wound for an extended period of time, but even became re-epithelialized in some cases. in order to quantify this effect, we applied the mixed lymphocyte culture (mlc) test in a rat model, using the tw ...	1994	8198749
mhc antigen presentation on the surface of hepatocytes: modulation during and after hypoxic stress.	presentation and recognition of mhc antigen on the surface of cells is the basic process of initiating rejection and distinguishing "self and not self". this is considered to begin when a transplanted organ is reperfused with the blood of the recipient. in this study, the modulation of mhc i antigen presentation during preservation was investigated in a cell culture model using primary hepatocyte cultures of male wistar rats. by incubation with different preservation solutions used in clinical t ...	1994	11271194
efficacy of prostacyclin analogue (op-2507) in viable hepatic grafts from pigs with non-beating hearts.	we investigated whether the stable prostacyclin analogue (op-2507; op) would ameliorate warm ischemia-related injury of the liver graft under conditions of a nonbeating heart. thirty-six mongrel pigs were arranged into 3 groups of 6 pairs. group 1 pigs underwent orthotopic liver transplantation from heart-beating donors (hbd). in group 2, animals received liver grafts from nonheart-beating donors (nhbd), defined as 30 min of cardiac arrest. group 3 pigs received grafts from nhbd, but the donor h ...	1994	11271202
metabolic intervention to affect canine pancreas recovery following ischemia during preservation by the two-layer method.	we have demonstrated that a high adenosine triphosphate (atp) level in a canine pancreas during preservation by the two-layer method is an important determinant for the ultimate success of pancreatic transplantation. in this study, we investigated (a) the effect of factors that seemed to have an influence on energy metabolism in the canine pancreas at the tissue atp level and (b) graft viability during preservation by the two-layer method. atp tissue concentration was determined by high-performa ...	1994	11271275
difference in energy metabolism between fresh and warm ischemic canine pancreases during preservation by the two-layer method.	we have demonstrated that adenosine triphosphate (atp) is synthesized within a canine pancreas during preservation by the two-layer method and there is a direct correlation between a high atp tissue level and good posttransplant outcome. the purpose of this study was to examine the difference in energy metabolism between fresh and warm ischemic pancreases during preservation by this method. first, fresh pancreases were preserved with simple cold storage in euro-collins solution (ec; group 1a), o ...	1994	11271276
preservation studies using acinar cell cultures of the pancreas: stimulation of amylase/lipase release before and after hypoxic stress.	in clinical pancreas transplantation, postischemic (i. e. postpreservation) transplant pancreatitis is a major problem in some cases but also an interesting model of pancreatitis. in this study, the effect of simulated organ preservation of isolated acinar cells was evaluated as regards enzyme release (basic and cerulein-stimulated), using common preservation solutions as the incubation media. primary pancreas acinar cell cultures were isolated from the pancreas of male wistar rats using the mod ...	1994	11271277
university of wisconsin solution extends lung preservation after prostaglandin e1 infusion.	university of wisconsin (uw) solution has been demonstrated to enhance and extend the preservation of the hepatic, pancreatic, renal, and cardiac allografts. prostaglandin e1 (pge1), which has been used to produce pulmonary vasodilatation, has improved preservation in lung transplantation. experiments were designed to evaluate their potential role in 24-h preservation of the allografts in lung transplantation. thirty-six dogs underwent left lung transplantation. the donor lungs (n = 6 in each gr ...	1994	8275743
cardiac myocyte functional and biochemical changes after hypothermic preservation in vitro. protective effects of storage solutions.	in this study, we evaluated cardiac myocyte viability and function under hypothermic conditions with four types of storage solutions, saline solution, euro-collins solution, university of wisconsin solution, and mcdb 107 medium. cardiac myocytes were isolated from neonatal rat ventricles by collagenase dispersion and cultured for 4 days with mcdb 107 medium. a total of 12.5 x 10(5) myocytes per culture dish was used and the myocytes were incubated at 4 degrees c for 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours in th ...	1994	8283890
effects of trehalose in canine lung preservation.	the effect of trehalose on the preservation of canine lungs was studied with the use of euro-collins solution (ecs).	1994	8284750
acceleration of chronic failure of intrahepatic canine islet autografts by a short course of prednisone.	a topic of current interest in islet transplantation is the selection of an optimal site for long-term graft survival since the intrahepatic site may be characterized by long-term failure. additionally, the use of immunosuppressive agents such as prednisone may adversely affect long-term graft function. in this study, we examined the long-term outcome of intrahepatic canine islet autografts and compared this with results obtained in animals treated with a short-term course of steroids or steroid ...	1994	8310505
role of adenosine in preservation by the two-layer method of ischemically damaged canine pancreas.	the purpose of this study was to clarify the role of adenosine in preservation of ischemically damaged pancreas by the two-layer (euro-collins solution [ec]/perfluorochemical [pfc]) method using a canine model. twenty-four-hour preservation of the pancreas graft subjected to 60-min warm ischemia was successful by the two-layer (ec with adenosine/pfc) method (4/5, 80%), but neither simple cold storage in ec (0/5, 0%), nor ec with adenosine (1/5, 20%), nor the two-layer (ec/pfc) method (0/3, 0%) w ...	1994	8165697
euro-collins flush perfusion in human lung preservation--ultrastructural studies of the preservation quality of the contralateral donor lung in clinical single lung transplantation.	the quality of pulmonary preservation after euro-collins flush perfusion was assessed by means of morphometric analysis based on transmission electron microscopy. in five patients undergoing single lung transplantation, the contralateral donor lung that could not be matched for another recipient was studied by means of light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. while one of the donor lungs was transplanted, the contralateral lung was fixed by airway instillation at the same time and ...	1994	8167113
trace element reference values in tissues from inhabitants of the european community. v. review of trace elements in blood, serum and urine and critical evaluation of reference values for the danish population.	the availability of accurate trace element reference values in human tissues represents an important indicator to the health status of the general population and occupational groups exposed to trace elements. the euro terviht project (trace element reference values in human tissues) aims to establish and compare trace element reference values in tissues from inhabitants of the european community as baseline values for clinical/toxicological assessment studies (sabbioni et al., 1992, sci. total e ...	1994	8178120
noninvasive vital microscopy to monitor tubular necrosis of cold-stored kidneys.	this study evaluated the ability of a new form of vital microscopy, termed tandem scanning confocal microscopy (tscm), to determine the histopathological status of kidneys while they are being preserved in cold storage preservation solutions. the tscm observations were performed on rat kidneys stored at 0-2 degrees c in one of several cold-storage preservation solutions (euro-collins, uw solution, phosphate-buffered dextran), and correlated with conventional light microscopic observations of the ...	1994	8178339
effect of different preservation solutions on adenine nucleotide content and metabolism in human kidney transplantation.	differences in purine metabolism produced by three preservation solutions were studied by determining the adenine nucleotide (atp, adp, amp, and imp) and nucleoside (adenosine, inosine, and hypoxanthine) levels in human kidney cortical biopsies. forty kidney allografts were studied using university of wisconsin (uw) solution (n = 20), euro-collins (ec) solution (n = 12), and modified ec solution with mannitol (m; n = 8). no significant differences were found between the three solutions studied w ...	1994	8179810
morphological analysis of mitochondrial integrity in prolonged cold renal ischemia utilizing euro-collins versus university of wisconsin preservation solution in a whole organ model.		1994	8108903