Publications

trihalomethanes in drinking water and human colorectal cancer.	the relation of trihalomethanes (thm) to colorectal cancer was evaluated. a total of 395 colorectal cancer deaths among white women teachers in new york state was compared to an equal number of deaths of teachers from noncancerous causes. cumulative chloroform (chcl3) exposure was estimated by the application of a statistical model to operational records from the individual water treatment facilities that served the home and work addresses of each study subject during the 20 years prior to death ...	1984	6583440
an outbreak of influenza a in a nursing home, 1982.		1984	6588319
particle-induced x-ray emission (pixe) analysis of trace elements in human coronal dentin.	mass concentrations reported on the elemental composition of human dentin show great discrepancies between different investigations using various techniques. the purpose of the study was to determine the concentrations of bromine (br), copper (cu), iron (fe), strontium (sr) and zinc (zn) in the coronal dentin of permanent teeth from sweden and from new york city. particle-induced x-ray emission (pixe) was used for the analyses. there were no statistically significant differences in elemental com ...	1984	6588603
recruitment and retention of disadvantaged students in baccalaureate nursing programs.		1984	6589375
isolation and characteristics of an equine reovirus type 3 and an antibody prevalence survey to reoviruses in horses located in new york state.	reoviruses have been isolated from a number of species including human, bovine, feline, canine and equine. in most species they seem to produce mild to inapparent disease. we have isolated a reovirus type 3 from a foal with diarrhea. the virus designated the ralph strain has been propagated in both the ma-104 and a-72 cell lines. the strain produced cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in these cell cultures. tissue-cultured virus fixed complement in the presence of reovirus antibodies, but failed to do ...	1984	6326376
a unifying reference system for clinical enzymology: aspartate aminotransferase and the international clinical enzyme scale.	a review of methodology for determining aspartate aminotransferase (asat; ec 2.6.1.1), including recent national and international recommendations, indicates that standardization of methodology alone will not bring interlaboratory compatibility of asat results. we propose that an additional component to standardization is needed, namely, enzyme reference materials. furthermore, we suggest that stable, well-defined asat materials from human sources are currently available. these primary reference ...	1984	6329551
arthur purdy stout (1885-1967). the man and the surgical pathologist.		1984	6369999
marion b. sulzberger, m.d.--a human being.		1984	6384084
in jail for refusing to testify: is forced feeding justified?	on 16 november 1983, a u.s. district court judge granted the federal government's request that prison officials be allowed to force feed ramon sanchez, a hunger striking prisoner. levine briefly describes the events leading to the court's involvement and summarizes the reasoning behind its decision. declining to draw an analogy between the prisoner's refusing food and a patient's refusing life-prolonging treatment, the judge ruled that force feeding was permissible because sanchez's hunger str ...	1984	11644129
acog, ama object to new 'baby doe' rule.		1984	11653543
disabled infant's parents win again.		1984	11653558
united states v. university hospital, state univ. of new york.	the united states brought suit against the university hospital, suny-stony brook, to gain access by the department of health and human services to the medical records of baby jane doe, claiming that the hospital had violated the federal rehabilitation act by discriminating against the infant as a handicapped person. the u.s. court of appeals held that the statute was not applicable to a decision for medical treatment. although the hospital was ready to perform corrective surgery on the infant, ...	1984	11648496
court of appeals denies government petition for rehearing in case of handicapped infant.		1984	10266523
district court judge invalidates baby doe regulations.		1984	10266524
pet therapy with terminal cancer patients.		1984	10268446
baby jane doe case: does section 504 of rehab law apply to hospitals?		1984	10317455
final judgment issued in case challenging baby doe regulations.		1984	10317462
mental health resources library: a consumer guide to the literature.	the influx of consumer literature about schizophrenia and other mental disorders has inspired the establishment of a mental health resources library at a psychiatric hospital. used by patients, their families and friends, and hospital staff, it is an educative resource to understand and cope better with mental illness and its treatment, human development issues, and concerns of daily living. in describing the mental health resources library, this paper provides a background of its funding and or ...	1984	10299687
hospital payment coalition formed.		1984	10299721
federal court hears "baby doe" motions; admonishes hhs against enforcement of regulations.		1984	10278230
hhs declines to appeal neonatal unit classification decision.		1985	10300479
when it's cutback time at nih...	it's no secret that federal funds for any kind of social program are evaporating. but it's still hard to truly grasp the impact of it all until your own program has the rug pulled out from under it. here's the story of a team of five research scientists that was close to developing treatments for alzheimer's disease and other conditions when the national institutes of health (nih), responding to reagan administration cutbacks, denied the project funds that had already been informally approved. n ...	1985	10274558
measuring the extent of gerontological home care staff participation in agency policy making and planning.	a survey study of the work experience and views of administrative and direct service program staff (n = 91) in both small scale and large scale older americans act-funded home care programs in new york city sheds light on the extent to which various categories of personnel in the field of community home care have opportunities to participate in a range of agency policy making and planning functions. findings reveal that home care staff in small scale programs were more directly involved in both ...	1985	10275885
dogs and the elderly: the perfect prescription for companionship.		1985	10283979
barrett v. united states.	in considering a suit brought against the u.s. government and other officials arising from the 1953 death of a civilian who unknowingly served as a subject for an army chemical warfare experiment, the u.s. district court for the southern district of new york dismissed some claims and permitted the rest to proceed to trial. the victim, while a patient at the new york state psychiatric institute, had been injected with a mescaline derivative to determine the effects of psychoactive drugs on psych ...	1985	11648533
infant doe and baby jane doe: medical treatment of the handicapped newborn.		1985	11651855
recent governmental action regarding the treatment of seriously ill newborns.		1985	11651864
isotopic u concentration in human blood from new york city donors.		1985	4077531
sex-education needs and interests of high school students in a rural new york county.	seventy-five boys and 88 girls from three high schools in a rural county of new york state took a sex-education quiz and were asked to describe their sexual and contraceptive experiences and sex-education interests. consistent with most previous research, nonvirgin teenagers who earned better grades on the sex-education quiz failed to use more effective contraceptives than nonvirgins who had performed poorly on the quiz. there was a striking similarity among students' descriptions of sex-educati ...	1985	3841258
human leukocyte antigen associations in basal cell carcinoma.	basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of skin cancer and is one in which both host and environmental factors are thought to play a role in its pathogenesis. for an investigation of the role of human leukocyte antigen (hla)-associated variations in genetic susceptibility, thirty-one patients with multiple basal cell carcinomas were typed for hla-a, b, c, and dr antigens. patients were compared with both local and appropriate ethnic group controls. no statistically significant association w ...	1985	3874217
human biology and epidemiology of childhood bone cancers: a review.		1985	3886519
[albert müller-deham--an unjustly forgotten austrian pioneer in geriatrics].	albert mueller-deham played a role of great importance in the history of american and general geriatrics. he was born in 1881 in vienna where he studied medicine. after graduation he was an intern, and later assistant professor at the first university department of medicine in vienna. among his teachers were such famous names as von nothnagel, von noorden und wenckebach. in 1925 he was appointed chief of the medical department in the large, renowned "versorgungsheim lainz" in vienna and became d ...	1985	3887766
hideyo noguchi's luetin experiment and the antivivisectionists.		1985	3888912
the multihandicapped child with congenital rubella: impact on family and community.	in 1967, a hospital-based education program was created to provide services to multihandicapped children with congenital rubella syndrome (crs). since then 214 children have been enrolled, including 126 (59%) with laboratory-documented congenital rubella infection. an assessment of the ongoing training and life needs of those children with crs enrolled in the program and the concomitant impact on families and community facilities has documented the general failure of the children to progress tow ...	1985	3890103
[the man behind the syndrome: burril b. crohn. a legend in his time and the greatest pr resource at mount sinai hospital].		1985	3892199
sources and fate of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, dibenzofurans and related compounds in human environments.	several of the major incidents resulting in potential human exposures to polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (pcdds) and/or polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs), polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and related compounds which have occurred in the u.s. in recent periods have resulted from improper disposal of hazardous chemical wastes. prominent examples of such environmental contamination episodes are the love canal, into which ton quantities of chlorinated organic compounds containing substantial conc ...	1985	3921357
pcb-containing transformer fires: decontamination guidelines based on health considerations.	realization that polychlorinated biphenyl-(pcb)-containing (askarel) transformer fires can produce toxic polychlorinated dibenzofuran (pcdf) and polychlorinated dibenzodioxin (pcdd) isomers has led to efforts to develop guidelines for cleanup of structures contaminated by soot from these fires. two such fires have occurred in the united states in recent years, one in 1981 in binghamton, n.y., the other in 1983 in san francisco. the phenomenon of pcb transformation to more toxic substances under ...	1985	3925096
polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (pcbs), p,p'-dde and hexachlorobenzene in human milk in three areas of upstate new york.		1985	3929701
risk of nosocomial infection with human t-cell lymphotropic virus iii (htlv-iii).	infection with human t-cell lymphotropic virus iii (htlv-iii) is closely linked to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). we evaluated the risk of nosocomial infection with htlv-iii by testing for antibodies to htlv-iii among hospital employees, including victims of needle-stick exposure, endoscopists, pathologists, and laboratory workers. assays for antibody against the virus were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and electrophoretic (western blot) techniques. although all ...	1985	2981106
human t-lymphotropic retrovirus type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus antibody. association with hemophiliacs' immune status and blood component usage.	we studied the human t-lymphotropic retrovirus type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (htlv-iii/lav) antibody status of 234 factor viii concentrate recipients, 36 factor ix concentrate recipients, 69 long-term recipients of frozen packed red blood cells, and 47 persons not receiving routine transfusion therapy. factor viii concentrate recipients had a significantly higher rate of seropositivity (74%) than any other group. factor ix concentrate recipients had a significantly higher rate (39%) ...	1985	2987559
aids in haitian-americans: a reassessment.	the occurrence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in haitians and haitian-americans has remained an enigmatic aspect of the aids mystery. although haitians are currently classified as a high risk group, this designation has been disputed. the incidence of aids in recent haitian immigrants to the us has been estimated at 84/100,000, which is lower than the 200-240/100,000 figure put forward for other risk groups. to better understand the spread of aids within the haitian population, ...	1985	2990695
a classification of htlv-iii infection based on 75 cases seen in a suburban community.	since 1981, 75 patients have been seen at our hospital with human t-cell lymphotropic virus type iii (htlv-iii) infection. we have classified their clinical presentation into groups 0 to 6. groups 0 to 3 all have antibody to the mr 41,000 protein of htlv-iii. group 0 has no evident disease (9 patients), group 1 has lymphadenopathy with or without exaggerated infection (16 patients), group 2 has persistent lymphadenopathy with chronic hepatitis b surface antigenemia or profound hypergammaglobulin ...	1985	2990703
human t-cell leukemia virus (htlv-i) p24 antibody in new york city blood product recipients.	human t-cell leukemia virus (htlv-i) is known to be associated with certain hematologic malignancies, and a related virus, htlv-iii/lav, might be the cause of aids. some persons with aids have had evidence of htlv-i infection. unrelated to these findings, it has been suggested that htlv-i is transmitted via blood products. we therefore evaluated the serologic status to the htlv-i core antigen p24 of 48 persons with hemophilia (hem a) receiving factor concentrate therapy (a group at risk for aids ...	1985	2994470
antibody to lymphadenopathy-associated virus/human t lymphotropic virus type iii in various groups of illicit drug abusers in new york city.		1985	2995507
american immigration policy, chinese immigration, and chinese concentration in new york city.	this article explores the relationship between us immigration laws, chinese immigrants' initial choices of residences and occupations in new york city, and the recent expansion of new york's chinatown. data were obtained from a questionnaire administered to 121 chinese immigrants in new york in 1980. it was hypothesized that a high degree of immigrant concentration in areas such as chinatown is a result of migration policies that favor chain migration. during the period of time (1943-65) when ...	1985	12222470
north american brugian filariasis: report of nine infections of humans.	nine people living in rhode island, new york, pennsylvania, florida, or california acquired autochthonous brugian filariasis. each patient had an enlarged lymph node containing a single worm or, in one patient, a pair of worms. most worms were in lymphatic vessels within the node, but two worms were in the substance of the node. ten worms were studied, seven female and three male. female worms contained paired uteri that occupied most of the body cavity of the worm, and male worms contained a si ...	1986	3789271
three-year incidence of aids in five cohorts of htlv-iii-infected risk group members.	the incidence of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) among persons infected with human t-lymphotropic virus type iii (htlv-iii) was evaluated prospectively among 725 persons who were at high risk of aids and had enrolled before october 1982 in cohort studies of homosexual men, parenteral drug users, and hemophiliacs. a total of 276 (38.1 percent) of the subjects were either htlv-iii seropositive at enrollment or developed htlv-iii antibodies subsequently. aids had developed in 28 (10. ...	1986	3003917
association of human t lymphotropic virus type iii antibodies with sexual and other behaviors in a cohort of homosexual men from boston with and without generalized lymphadenopathy.	forty asymptomatic homosexually active men seen at a boston community health center and 39 men with generalized lymphadenopathy were interviewed and filled out detailed epidemiologic questionnaires. twenty percent of the asymptomatic men and 92 percent of those with lymphadenopathy had antibodies to human t lymphotropic virus type iii (htlv-iii). none of the men have subsequently had the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). seropositivity was associated with receptive anal intercourse and ...	1986	3006486
human t-cell lymphotropic virus type iii infection in a cohort of homosexual men in new york city.	using blood samples collected since 1978, we investigated the epidemiology of human t-cell lymphotropic virus type iii (htlv-iii), the etiologic agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, in a group of 378 homosexually active men who have resided in new york city since the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic began. the anti-htlv-iii prevalence was 6.6% in sera from 1978 or 1979, and the subsequent annual incidence of seroconversion among susceptible men ranged between 5.5% and 10.6 ...	1986	3007789
prevalence of antibodies to htlv-i, -ii, and -iii in intravenous drug abusers from an aids endemic region.	antibody prevalences for human t-cell lymphotropic virus (htlv) types i, ii, and iii were determined for 56 intravenous drug abusers from queens, ny. while control serum samples lacked antibodies to all htlv subgroups, seropositivity among drug users was 41% for htlv-iii, 18% for htlv-ii, and 9% for htlv-i. infection by htlv-i and -ii occurred independently of htlv-iii infection. blacks had greater htlv-iii antibody prevalence than whites (54% vs 16%) and were more likely than whites to be serop ...	1986	3009910
human t-lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus antibody testing at alternate sites.	after the licensure of an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (elisa) test to detect antibodies to human t-lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (htlv-iii/lav) by the us food and drug administration in march 1985, federal funds were made available for alternate testing sites so that testing could be obtained free of charge outside of blood banks. the alternate sites were needed both to protect the nation's blood supply and to ensure that individuals seeking testing would re ...	1986	3010070
a varicella-zoster immunization certification form for hospital employees.		1986	3017879
health education about aids among seropositive blood donors.	the new york blood center is developing a health education and psychosocial support program for blood donors who are notified that they are hiv antibody positive. the goals of that program are: to provide accurate and intelligible information about the test results to notified donors; to encourage behavior that will reduce the likelihood of spreading the virus; to encourage notified donors to behave in ways that will reduce the probability that they will develop aids; and to provide support and ...	1986	3023260
tuberculosis--united states, 1985--and the possible impact of human t-lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus infection.	data on the number of reported cases of tuberculosis in the us in 1985 support the hypothesis that human t-lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (htlv-iii/lav) infection of persons infected with the tubercle bacillus has caused an increase in tuberculosis in some areas. the 21,801 tuberculosis cases reported in 1985 represented a 2% decline from the 1984 total of 22,255 cases. however, the average decline in the 1982-84 period was 6.7%, indicating a slowing of the downwa ...	1986	3080659
salmonella serotypes from animals in new york state, 1978-1983.	the salmonella serotypes isolated during 1978 to 1983 at the diagnostic and clinical laboratories of the new york state college of veterinary medicine from animal sources in new york state were reviewed and compared to earlier data from new york state animals and to national data for both human and animal sources. a total of 255 salmonella strains were studied from the six year period and included 33 serotypes. salmonella enteritidis ser typhimurium continued to be the most commonly reported ser ...	1986	3940747
prevalence of hair follicle mites, demodex folliculorum and d. brevis (acari: demodicidae), in a selected human population in western new york, usa.		1986	3735343
adolescent pregnancy: networking and the interdisciplinary approach.	the networking approach to providing needed services to pregnant and parenting teenagers has numerous merits. an historical overview of the formation of the brooklyn teen pregnancy network highlights service agency need for information and resource sharing, and improved client referral systems as key factors in the genesis of the network. the borough-wide approach and its spread as an agency model throughout new york city's other boroughs and several other northeastern cities is also attributed ...	1986	3745501
the antiabortion movement and baby jane doe.	in the early 1980s, the leadership of the antiabortion movement became involved in a campaign to establish legal rights to extraordinary medical care for seriously handicapped newborns. armed with political contacts in the reagan administration and congress, and allied with advocates for the disabled, the antiabortion movement searched for a test case to guide through the courts. antiabortion advocate lawrence washburn found such a case in baby jane doe, who was being treated at stony brook medi ...	1986	3745839
saving lives and protecting liberty: a comparative study of the seat-belt debate.	by the beginning of 1986 all but three states had taken some action on a mandatory seat-belt bill. the seat-belt debate is one manifestation of the concern over the relationship between lifestyle and disease, and has raised some of the most fundamental questions of politics and political philosophy: individual versus public responsibility in health promotion, and freedom versus compulsion. this article examines the debate from both a domestic (new york, illinois, oregon) and cross-national (grea ...	1986	3745844
influenza vaccine and pneumonia mortality in a nursing home population.	the effectiveness of immunization against influenza in elderly persons is uncertain. a retrospective cohort study in a new york city nursing home examined the occurrence of pneumonia and its related mortality over three consecutive influenza seasons (nov 1 through april 30, 1979 to 1980, 1980 to 1981, and 1981 to 1982). nearly one half of approximately 450 residents (mean age, 84 years) accepted immunization each year. the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups were similar. the attack rate of pneum ...	1986	3778069
aids, social sciences, and health education: a personal perspective.	the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) epidemic has raised numerous ethical issues. above all, it has served to highlight the fact that individual liberty always exists in a precarious balance with public interest. the invasion of privacy, loss of confidentiality, and coercive approaches proposed for testing and disclosure of infected individuals threaten to turn this into and underground epidemic. health education is the only feasible strategy for containing the aids epidemic at this ...	1986	3781856
spirochetes in ticks and antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in white-tailed deer from connecticut, new york state, and north carolina.	ticks were screened for spirochetes and serum samples from white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) were assayed for antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi during 1983-1984. using fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled rabbit antibodies produced to b. burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of lyme disease, spirochetes were detected in ixodes dammini (10.5% of 1,193) and dermacentor albipictus (0.6% of 157) adults from connecticut, i. dammini nymphs (49.1% of 108) and adults (64.7% of 99) from armonk, new yo ...	1986	3520030
viral and bacterial organisms associated with acute pharyngitis in a school-aged population.	to investigate the causes and clinical characteristics of acute pharyngitis among school-aged children (4 to 18 years), we obtained throat cultures for respiratory viruses, mycoplasma pneumoniae, group a streptococcus, and chlamydia trachomatis from 320 patients with sore throat and 308 controls without respiratory complaints. the study was conducted from january to april 1985 in a private pediatric practice in central new york state. sixty percent of the patients and 26% of the control subjects ...	1986	3534196
normal t cell subsets in homosexual men living in a community without endemic aids.	the cause of the abnormal t lymphocyte subsets reported in healthy homosexual men is not known. frequent sexually transmitted infections including human t cell lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (htlv-iii/lav) are possible causes. to determine if the t lymphocyte subsets were abnormal in this population in an area without endemic acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids), t lymphocyte subsets of 52 homosexual men in rochester, new york, were enumerated, and evidence of ...	1986	2945432
mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. a review of 14 patients.	the clinical findings in 13 drug abusers and one homosexual man with tuberculosis and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) from new york city are described. tuberculosis preceded the diagnosis of aids in nine of the 14 patients by a mean of 7 months and occurred within the same month in the remaining five. the presence of thrush, generalised lymphadenopathy, lymphopenia, cutaneous anergy and chest radiographs showing hilar adenopathy and/or lower lobe infiltrates was common among the pa ...	1986	3660457
understanding abortion via different scholarly methodologies: book review essay.	erde review three works that in his opinion have made important contributions to the abortion debate: abortion policy: an evaluation of the consequences for maternal and infant health, by jerome s. legge, jr. (albany: state university of new york press; 1985); abortion and the politics of motherhood, by kristen luker (berkeley: university of california press; 1984); and abortion: moral and legal perspective, edited by j.l. garfield and p. hennessey (amherst: university of massachusetts press; ...	1986	11655806
prenatal wrongful death.	in tebbutt v. virostek (1985), the new york court of appeals dismissed a suit for emotional distress caused by the stillbirth of an infant allegedly resulting from medical malpractice. steinbock argues that parents should be able to recover for emotional anguish in cases like tebbutt. some states currently allow them to do so by recognizing prenatal wrongful death suits, which focus on the unborn. steinbock maintains that a better legal approach would be to allow recovery for the negligent in ...	1987	11651905
computerization helps reduce human error in patient dosing.		1987	10284112
the rochester regional forensic unit: an innovative management approach to improving the continuum of care for forensic patients.	the rochester regional forensic unit is a good example of how a highly specialized, high-risk, complex, and expensive service can be provided in an acceptable, safe manner to a specific geographic region so as to reduce the dollar costs of such a service to all involved. the success of the program during its first 27 months is attributed to an effective planning and management process designed and implemented by staff from the office of mental health bureau of forensic services and hospital and ...	1987	10287216
hospital employee-patient relations: a program for enhancing patient well-being.	hospital service employees are often untrained for the human relations aspects of their jobs. yet, workers who clean patient rooms, deliver meals, provide escort services, make room repairs, and the like can make a critical difference in the quality of patients' hospital experiences. the patient service ethic program helps such employees identify typical patient concerns during the course of hospitalization and guides them in ways to respond appropriately to those concerns. at a large teaching h ...	1987	10281363
state, federal statutes guide organ donation procedures.	to assist in improving the network of organ donors and recipients and in raising public awareness, congress enacted the national organ transplant act of 1984. the act established an organ procurement and transplantation network, created a task force on organ transplantation, and made in unlawful to sell or buy human organs for transplantation for "valuable consideration." at the state level, legislation has closely followed the procedures outlined in the uniform anatomical gift act. but despite ...	1987	10282294
home care in new york city: providers, payers, and clients.	estimates based on 1980 data indicate that almost two-thirds of the disabled elderly in new york city receive care only from informal sources. another one-fifth use a combination of informal and formal sources of care. thus, only about 15 percent are exclusively dependent on various agencies and programs that constitute the formal home care system. over 200 organizations in 1986 offered some form of home care service in new york city. among these were at least 100 proprietary businesses, 61 nonp ...	1987	10313816
disease spectrum of yersinia enterocolitica serogroup 0:3, the predominant cause of human infection in new york city.		1987	3665514
strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection in a patient with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.	severe infections with strongyloides stercoralis occur in immunocompromised patients. strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome complicated by gram-negative bacteremia and meningitis in a bisexual man with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) is described. increased awareness of this infection, which may also be sexually transmitted, is recommended when caring for patients with aids who are homosexual, or have resided in areas endemic for strongyloidiasis. multiple stool examinations shoul ...	1987	3674100
methylene chloride mortality study: dose-response characterization and animal model comparison.	to assess the potential chronic health effects of methylene chloride, the mortality experience of a maturing 1964 to 1970 cohort of 1,013 hourly men was evaluated through 1984. on average, employees were exposed at a rate of 26 ppm (eight-hour time-weighted average) for 22 years; median latency was 30 years. compared with the general population, no statistically significant excesses were observed for such hypothesized causes as lung cancer (14 observed v 21.0 expected), liver cancer (0 v 0.8), a ...	1987	3559766
prevention, an institutional perspective: hospital/medical centres--a summary.		1987	3582335
immunizations among hospital personnel.	to minimize the likelihood of transmission of certain infectious diseases within the hospital, the 5 million us health care personnel are becoming a special target group for immunization programs. a review of immunizations conducted by a hospital employee health service demonstrated that 80% of hospital employees are adequately protected against tetanus/diphtheria, and 97% are immune to rubella. in contrast, only 28% of at-risk employees are immunized against hepatitis b and only 2% are immunize ...	1987	3598735
does the karyotype of a spontaneous abortion predict the karyotype of a subsequent abortion? evidence from 273 women with two karyotyped spontaneous abortions.	at least two spontaneous abortions were karyotyped in 273 women during cytogenetic surveys in new york city and honolulu. these pairs were analyzed using maximum-likelihood logistic-regression analysis to adjust for maternal age and location. there was a significantly increased risk for a chromosomally normal spontaneous abortion after a previous abortion with a normal karyotype. there was no increased risk for trisomy in a second spontaneous abortion following either a previous trisomic abortio ...	1987	3631080
gonorrhea and syphilis in incarcerated urban adolescents: prevalence and physical signs.	during a 1-year period from july 1983 to june 1984, 285 adolescent girls and 2,236 adolescent boys, ranging in age from 9 to 18 years (89% were 14 to 16 years of age), were screened for gonorrhea and syphilis on entry into a detention facility in new york city. the prevalence rate for gonorrhea was 3% for boys and 18.3% for girls, and the prevalence rate for syphilis was 0.63% for boys and 2.5% for girls. the rates of gonorrhea without penile or cervical discharge on physical examination were 2. ...	1987	3658575
cohort comparison study of children whose mothers have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and children of well inner city mothers.	the virus or viruses (human immunodeficiency virus) associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome may be transmitted in utero or perinatally from an infected mother to her baby. infected adults may remain asymptomatic for months to years, during which time a mother could transmit the virus. it is not known to what degree a mother may transmit the virus perinatally or whether postnatal transmission is possible. we studied a cohort of children whose mothers had been reported to have acqui ...	1987	3472157
intravenous drug use and the heterosexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus. current trends in new york city.		1987	3473333
human immunodeficiency virus infections among civilian applicants for united states military service, october 1985 to march 1986. demographic factors associated with seropositivity.	during the six months from october 1985 through march 1986, blood samples from 306,061 civilian applicants for military service from the united states were tested for antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). four hundred sixty subjects were positive for the antibody as determined by western (immune) blot reactivity. the mean prevalence of hiv infection in this population of teenagers and young adults was thus 1.50 per 1000. according to multivariate analysis, the following demographic ...	1987	3474519
antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus in women seeking abortion in new york city.		1987	3477108
effect of t4 count and cofactors on the incidence of aids in homosexual men infected with human immunodeficiency virus.	we prospectively evaluated potential markers and cofactors for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in 86 homosexual men who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus antibodies. during three years of follow-up, 19 men developed aids. risk of aids was clearly predicted by the total number of circulating okt4-positive lymphocytes (t4 count) at enrollment, while the corresponding t8 count was unrelated to subsequent aids development. subjects in manhattan had a higher risk of kap ...	1987	3491911
neoplastic complications of htlv-iii infection. lymphomas and solid tumors.	neoplastic disease arose in 29 of 200 patients infected with human t lymphotropic virus type iii (htlv-iii) seen at a suburban hospital. seventeen patients had kaposi's sarcoma, one of whom also had colon carcinoma. nine patients had lymphoproliferative disorders (seven lymphomas, one t suppressor cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and one multiple myeloma), including three with concomitant kaposi's sarcoma and one with colon cancer. one other patient had colon cancer, one had a seminoma, and on ...	1987	3493690
serosurvey of human immunodeficiency virus infection in parturients. implications for human immunodeficiency virus testing programs of pregnant women.	although perinatal transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is well documented, seroprevalence rates of hiv in populations of women of reproductive age have not yet been reported. to determine the seroprevalence of hiv in childbearing women from a population with a high incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, cord blood samples were collected from 602 infants delivered at an inner-city municipal hospital in new york. demographic and hiv risk factor information was also col ...	1987	3312662
certain aspects of medical research and its support.	the origins of the national institutes of health (nih) are linked with european science. few americans had participated in the advances in bacteriology led by koch and pasteur when a laboratory from which the nih eventually developed was established in new york in 1887, but its first director patterned this laboratory after ones already established in germany, france, and england. the era of modern biomedical research in the united states began during world war ii with the cooperation of governm ...	1987	3317743
clinical and serologic studies of canine borreliosis.	during 1984 and 1985, blood samples were obtained from 271 dogs that were suspected of having borreliosis. the dogs lived in areas known to be infested with ticks and had been examined because of limb/joint disorders or for unknown illnesses marked by fever, anorexia, or fatigue. lameness had been the most frequently reported clinical manifestation. analyses of serum specimens, by an indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) method or by an elisa, detected antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi, the etiol ...	1987	3319989
when people die. cause of death versus time of death.	a sample of 4,920 disease-related deaths from new york city for 1979 (8.7 percent of all relevant data from new york city's files) showed a 60 percent rise in death rate beginning at 2 a.m. and reaching a peak at 8 a.m. a smaller peak was also noted at 6 p.m. the rise in human mortality beginning at 2 a.m. and peaking at 8 a.m. might be explained by: artifact of deaths occurring anytime during the night that are discovered after daybreak, effect of less efficient health care between 2 a.m. and 8 ...	1987	3812519
chromosomal polymorphisms of 1, 9, 16, and y in 4 major ethnic groups: a large prenatal study.	using trypsin giemsa banding (gtg), major polymorphisms of the constitutive heterochromatin regions of chromosome 1, 9, 16, and y were recorded in a new york city population. polymorphisms were recorded from amniotic fluid specimens received from 6,250 patients from 4 major population groups, ie, white (european)-2,334 cases, american black-1,795 cases, hispanic descent-1,737 cases, and asian (oriental and indian)-384 cases. the major chromosomal polymorphisms were classified as follows: obvious ...	1987	3812584
leads from the mmwr. human immunodeficiency virus infection in transfusion recipients and their family members.		1987	3820500
human immunodeficiency virus infection in transfusion recipients and their family members.		1987	3102917
the nchs pilot project to link birth and infant death records: stage 1.	the national center for health statistics (nchs) has completed a pilot test of its method to develop national linked files of birth and infant death records. a linked file of the 1982 birth cohort was produced that successfully linked 97 percent of the death records for infants who died in a nine-state area. the method nchs uses to create national linked files takes full advantage of two existing data sources: the nchs fully coded natality and mortality files and state files of matched births an ...	1987	3104980
the regulation of nursing homes: a comparative perspective.	britain and the united states alike face the question of how best to protect the growing and vulnerable population of nursing home residents through state regulation of private institutions. despite marked differences in scale, organization, and financing between the two nations, there are striking similarities in the problems encountered and in styles of enforcement adopted in response. analysis of the regulatory systems in practice shows a convergence in the regulatory process despite the diss ...	1987	3119973
aids in minority populations in the united states.	among ethnic minorities in the united states, blacks and hispanics, who compose 12 percent and 7 percent of the u.s. population, respectively, constitute 24 percent and 14 percent of the cases of aids. seventy-eight percent of all children with aids are black or hispanic, as are 71 percent of all women with aids. in the black and hispanic communities, intravenous (iv) drug abuse is associated with much of the aids transmission, and parenterally acquired infections are spread secondarily by sexua ...	1987	3120232
risk factors for infection with human immunodeficiency virus among intravenous drug abusers in new york city.	we report here the results of a survey of 308 intravenous drug abusers recruited from hospital-based methadone maintenance or drug detoxification programmes located in manhattan, new york city. complete interviews and serological analyses for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) using both enzyme-linked immunosorbent and western blot assays were obtained from 290 (94%) of the subjects. hiv antibodies were found by both assays in 147 (50.7%) of the tested subjects; conflicting results ...	1987	3122788
antiviral antibodies in the sera of homosexual men: correlation with their lifestyle and drug usage.	healthy homosexual men between the ages of 21 and 65 years, from the washington, dc (n = 162), and new york city (n = 89) areas, were studied for antibodies in the serum against cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2, and epstein barr virus (ebv) viral capsid antigen (vca). cmv-specific antibodies were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), anti-hsv-1 and -2 antibodies were measured by indirect hemagglutination (iha), and antibodies to ebv vca were measure ...	1987	3029318
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in children: report of the centers for disease control national surveillance, 1982 to 1985.	since national surveillance for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) began in 1981, the centers for disease control (cdc) has received reports of more than 20,000 cases of aids in the united states. as of december 31, 1985, 307 of these cases had been diagnosed in children younger than 13 years of age. the number of cases is increasing rapidly. the number of cases reported in 1985 more than doubled those reported in 1984. the major risk factors in children for acquiring infection with the c ...	1987	3035476
willard parker's 1841 orbital operation.	there are few records detailing the techniques and tribulations of early american surgeons who dared venture into the treacherous recess of the human orbit. the authors present a recently discovered letter written by a young woman who in 1841 underwent an orbital operation performed by the prominent new york city surgeon, willard parker. the letter details the patient's experiences in an era without anesthesia or antibiotics, and her subsequent development of conjunctival adhesions.	1988	3055390
increase in pneumonia mortality among young adults and the hiv epidemic--new york city, united states.		1988	3138521