Publications

attitudes, norms, and self-efficacy: a model of adolescents' hiv-related sexual risk behavior.	using data from a cross-sectional, statewide survey of 1,720 texas ninth graders in 13 school districts, a model of psychosocial predictors of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-related sexual risk behavior was tested. predictor variables in the model, based on variables from the theory of reasoned action and social learning theory, were attitudes, norms, self-efficacy, and behavioral intentions. attitudes, norms, and self-efficacy predicted 36.4% of the variance in the intention to limit the nu ...	1992	1618632
ethical considerations in clinical research.		1992	1624334
the prevalence of seropositivity for human immunodeficiency virus in patients who have severe trauma.	patients who have severe trauma have been reported to have a substantially increased rate of seropositivity for human immunodeficiency virus when compared with the general population. we reviewed the records of 1226 consecutive code-3 trauma patients who were treated at our institution in san antonio, texas, between 1987 and 1989. all of the patients had serum drawn to be tested for the human immunodeficiency virus. in contrast with previously published studies, only 0.8 per cent of these trauma ...	1992	1624480
facultative myiasis by megaselia sp. (diptera: phoridae) in texas: a case report.	facultative myiasis caused by larval megaselia sp. is reported in a human in texas. on two occasions during 24 h, the youth experienced a "crawling sensation deep in [his] throat" which caused him to cough, expelling a living megaselia sp. larva. the site of the infestation was presumed to be the sinuses or upper respiratory tract. the symptoms resolved upon expulsion of the larvae, and no additional complications were observed in the patient.	1992	1625307
findings from the horizontes acquired immune deficiency syndrome education project: the impact of indigenous outreach workers as change agents for injection drug users.	a human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) intervention using indigenous outreach workers was implemented with hispanic injection drug users (idus) and their sexual partners in three locations: laredo, texas; san diego, california; and san juan, puerto rico. a total of 2,169 subjects were contacted, given health education, hiv antibody testing, and follow-up counseling. this article reports on the 1,616 idus (75%) who completed the initial and follow-up inter ...	1993	8307770
rabies surveillance in the united states during 1992.	in 1992, 49 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 8,644 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 1 case in a human being to the centers for disease control and prevention. almost 92% (7,912 cases) were wild animals, the largest number of wild animals ever reported, whereas 8.5% (732 cases) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases increased 23.9% over that of 1991 (6,975 cases), with most of the increase resulting from continued spread of rabies in raccoons. t ...	1993	8307825
hiv infection and aids in texas. a special report.	human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) are significant public health problems in texas. this paper summarizes the most recent information on hiv infection and aids from global, national, and state perspectives. current information on the manifestations of hiv infection and aids which are important to dentistry, ramifications for dental health care workers, and initiatives for hiv/aids education for dental health care workers in texas are p ...	1993	8332954
abuse of adolescents: what can we learn from pregnant teen-agers?	one of the most perplexing issues for nurses working with abused women is the extent of violence experienced by teen-agers. this article presents research findings from a study of pregnant women and teen-agers in baltimore and houston that found 32% of pregnant teen-agers reported having been physically or sexually abused in the prior year. the rate of abuse during pregnancy was 22% for teen-agers. teen-age violence is discussed in terms of possible reasons for teen-agers to be reluctant to repo ...	1993	8369764
condom use and sexual identity among men who have sex with men--dallas, 1991.	safer sex practices intended to reduce the risk for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection have been vigorously promoted among men who are homosexual or bisexual (i.e., men who have sex with men). such efforts have emphasized personal responsibility and protection of partners, and many of these men appear to have adopted risk-reducing behaviors (1). however, it is unknown whether these safer sex practices and norms have been adopted by men who have sex with men but conceal their sexual ori ...	1993	8418400
indigenous human cutaneous anthrax in texas.	in december 1988 an indigenous case of cutaneous anthrax was identified in texas. the patient, a 63-year-old male hispanic from southwest texas, was a sheep shearer and had a recent history of dissecting sheep that had died suddenly. he experienced an illness characterized by left arm pain and edema. a necrotic lesion developed on his left forearm, with cellulitis and lymphadenopathy. after treatment with oral and intravenous penicillins, the patient fully recovered. western blot testing reveale ...	1993	8420007
isolation of leishmania mexicana (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae) from lutzomyia anthophora (diptera: psychodidae) collected in texas.	three of 27 female lutzomyia anthophora (addis) collected in texas from the nest of a southern plains woodrat, neotoma micropus baird, during october 1991 were infected with flagellate protozoans. isolates were grown in schneider's drosophila medium supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum, and isozyme analysis of two of the isolates determined the parasites to be leishmania mexicana (biagi). these are the first isolations of leishmania from field-collected sand flies in north america north of m ...	1993	8510126
clinton repeals antiabortion policies as activists map out new strategies.	on the 20th anniversary of the roe v. wade decision and 2 days after being sworn in (january 20, 1993), president clinton signed memoranda which reversed years of antiabortion policies. these actions began workings to repeal the gag rule, reversed the mexico city policy, allowed privately paid abortions in military hospitals, permitted fetal tissue transplantation research, and directed the us food and drug administration to review the scientific basis for the import ban on ru-486 and us depart ...	1993	12286087
the determinants of hospital ceo compensation.	this study finds a significant difference in the compensation levels of public and private hospital ceos. the difference, however, is not found to be associated with ownership structure. rather, it is attributable to hospital characteristics such as size, location, and affiliation with a multihospital chain, and human characteristics such as gender, education, and experience.	1993	8225963
make sure physician contracts meet irs and hhs guidelines.		1993	10123545
methodist makes its peace with the tax man in texas.		1993	10126296
marketing an investigational drug service.	the customer survey was a useful tool for marketing the ids. it provided guidelines for making decisions about the best use of limited human and material resources. analyzing the results of the survey provided new priorities and directions for the ids. these results were then used in conjunction with pharmacy financial and operational data to focus on areas of greatest importance to the customers and the pharmacy. physicians should not be reluctant to pursue compassionate use treatments because ...	1993	10128789
in these hallowed halls. health care and the 73rd texas legislature.	the sunset review of 20 health agencies and a package of legislation addressing psychiatric, chemical dependency and rehabilitation hospitals were high profile issues during the 73rd texas legislature. however, funding for health and human services presented the greatest challenge to hospital advocates.	1993	10129098
community clinic offers access to care. a system and a city collaborate to care for an immigrant population.	the southwest community health clinic (schc) has been providing free preventive healthcare to the poor residents of its houston neighborhood since june 1991. sponsored by the sisters of charity of the incarnate word health care system and the city of houston, the clinic invites healing through hospitality, unlike many free clinics. the family-focused clinic takes a multidisciplinary team approach to preventive healthcare. the staff of approximately 30 healthcare professionals provides prenatal a ...	1993	10129202
logarithmic relationship of the cd4 count to survival in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.	survival, and the incidence of events that define the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), are known to be inversely related to the cd4 count in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. we wished to quantify this relationship more precisely, particularly for patients with cd4 counts of less than 50/mm3.	1993	8099477
from the centers for disease control and prevention. human rabies--texas and california, 1993.		1994	8120949
human plague--united states, 1993-1994.	from 1944 through 1993, 362 cases of human plague were reported in the united states; approximately 90% of these occurred in four western states with endemic disease (arizona, california, colorado, and new mexico). during each successive decade of this period, the number of states reporting cases increased from three during 1944-1953 to 13 during 1984-1993 (figure 1), indicating the spread of human plague infection eastward to areas where cases previously had not been reported. in 1993, health d ...	1994	8145715
outbreaks of syphilis in rural texas towns, 1991-1992.	between 1986 and 1990, rates of primary and secondary syphilis increased 134% in rural counties in the south. reasons for the increases are speculative. during the 14 months ending in october 1992, outbreaks in four eastern texas counties provided an opportunity to characterize syphilis in rural texas. we reviewed records for 118 patients and 339 sex partners. three outbreaks were concentrated in neighborhoods where crack cocaine dealers conducted business and exchange of sex for drugs or money ...	1994	8153778
from the centers for disease control and prevention. human plague--united states, 1993-1994.		1994	8158808
risk behavior and correlates of risk for hiv infection in the dallas county household hiv survey.	the dallas county study of a proposed national household seroprevalence survey was designed to assess the feasibility of conducting a national survey and to estimate the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis b virus infection for dallas county. risk behavior data were collected and correlated with hiv infection.	1994	8179043
human rabies--texas and california, 1993.	during november 1993, two persons, a resident of texas and a visitor to california, died from rabies. this report summarizes epidemiologic and clinical information about these cases.	1994	8302264
sharing the earth: case studies on population, wildlife, and the environment.	in 1988 the national audubon society's population program began to develop a joint project on the issues of human population growth and wildlife management by comparing sites in the united states and overseas to identify actions necessary for a sustainable ecosystem. eight us sites were matched with eight sites in other countries. the audubon wildlife managers visited their partners' international settings and then hosted their counterparts at their own sanctuaries in the us. all sites involv ...	1994	12290864
rabies surveillance in the united states during 1993.	in 1993, 49 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 9,495 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 3 cases in human beings to the centers for disease control and prevention. greater than 93% (8,889 cases) were wild animals, whereas 6.4% (606 cases) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases increased 9.9% over that of 1992 (8,645 cases), with most of the increase resulting from continued spread of rabies in raccoons (37.1% increase in reported cases over 1992). t ...	1994	7744643
prevalence of hiv seropositivity among inner-city adolescents in 1988 and 1992.	the purpose of this study was to document the change in prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection among sexually active minority teens at a primary and reproductive teen health clinic. both new and current patients were sampled in a seroprevalence study in 1988 and again in 1992. none of the 1200 adolescents sampled were seropositive for hiv in 1988. nine of the 1085 adolescents sampled were seropositive in 1992. five of these 9 teens reported heterosexual contact only as a pote ...	1994	7817328
allelic ladder characterization of the short tandem repeat polymorphism located in the 5' flanking region to the human coagulation factor xiii a subunit gene.	the short tandem repeat (str) polymorphism present within the 5' untranslated region of the human coagulation factor xiii a subunit gene, humf13a01[aaag]n, was evaluated using an allelic ladder, i.e., a standard size marker consisting of amplified alleles from the locus. the allelic ladder was constructed by pooling 12 polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-amplified alleles identified by their differential migration in denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. this standard marker was used to dis ...	1994	7829085
localization of the 9p melanoma susceptibility locus (mlm) to a 2-cm region between d9s736 and d9s171.	a familial melanoma susceptibility locus (mlm) was identified on the short arm of chromosome 9 in a set of utah and texas kindreds. subsequent confirmation was reported for a set of 26 australian kindreds, a set of 7 dutch kindreds, and a set of 13 nih melanoma kindreds. the original localization report placed the locus near the ifna-d9s126 interval on chromosome 9p. we report further localization using d9s171 and a newly developed marker, d9s736, both of which lie in the ifna-d9s126 interval. a ...	1994	7829086
hazardous chemicals: psychological dimensions of the health sequelae of a community exposure in texas.	a chemical spill from an oil refinery exposed the local community to more than 40,000 lb of highly toxic and corrosive hydrofluoric acid. a community based symptom prevalence study found an association between exposure and physical symptoms: the psychological impact of the disaster and its potential effect on the reporting of physical symptoms is examined here.	1994	7830010
cariogenicity tests.	an american dental association scientific consensus conference on methods for the assessment of the cariogenic potential (cp) of foods was held in san antonio, texas, in 1985. the aim was to establish a scientific consensus regarding methods to assess the cp of foods. as a result, a sequential food-testing program was proposed involving animal caries, human plaque acidity, and demineralization/remineralization models. two categories of cp--namely, no cp and low cp--were included. the test protoc ...	1994	7865080
go east, young man. interview by jim montague.	after being cut off from his patients by the arrival of managed care in a texas suburb, ob/gyn don shuwarger, m.d., moved to a small town in virginia. he shared his story with staff editor jim montague.	1994	7951449
murine typhus: updated roles of multiple urban components and a second typhuslike rickettsia.	studies using serologic and polymerase chain reaction-(pcr) facilitated analysis of field samples from southern texas indicate the presence of rickettsia typhi and elb agent infected cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), and the first observation of elb infected vertebrates (opossums). the elb agent is a recently described typhus-like rickettsia that is not distinguished from r. typhi or r. prowazekii by currently available serologic reagents. restriction digests of pcr products from 399 fl ...	1994	7966170
the epidemiology of bat rabies in new york state, 1988-92.	in 1993 new york and texas each reported a human rabies case traced to a rare variant of rabies virus found in an uncommon species of bat. this study examined the epidemiology of bat rabies in new york state. demographic, species, and animal-contact information for bats submitted for rabies testing from 1988-92 was analysed. the prevalence of rabies in 6810 bats was 4.6%. nearly 90% of the 308 rabid bats identified to species were the common big brown bat (eptesicus fuscus), which comprised 62% ...	1994	7995360
influenza a virus infections among hospitalized adult bone marrow transplant recipients.	although influenza virus continues to cause annual epidemics of respiratory diseases, surprisingly little is known about the frequency and clinical course of influenza among adult patients with cancer. during the 1991-92 influenza epidemic in houston, texas, we followed all adult bmt recipients hospitalized at m.d. anderson cancer center. none of these 68 patients had received prophylaxis for influenza. influenza virus type a was isolated from 8 (29%) of 28 bmt recipients with an acute respirato ...	1994	8019468
antigenic diversity of respiratory syncytial virus subgroup b strains circulating during a community outbreak of infection.	the epidemiological characteristics and relationship between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subgroup and virulence during an outbreak of rsv infection occurring in southeast texas in the winter season 1991/92 are described. fifty-two infants and children were diagnosed with rsv infection by rapid viral antigen detection and/or viral isolation. subgrouping of the isolates was carried out using 11-monoclonal anti-bodies. ten isolates were found to be subgroup b, and 8 isolates were subgroup a. ...	1994	8046428
rifampin-resistant mycobacterium kansasii.	we identified 36 rifampin-resistant mycobacterium kansasii isolates, including 17 (4%) of 464 isolates recovered in texas between 1989 and 1992. of 29 patients infected with rifampin-resistant m. kansasii whose history of medication was known, 90% had previously received rifampin, and 58% of these patients had been treated with one or two effective drugs. thirty-two percent of rifampin-resistant isolates recovered since 1989 were from patients who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency vir ...	1994	8075262
hiv exposure in the city of houston.	demographic characteristics and risk factor data for 76,672 clients were studied to characterize the distribution of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and the use of counseling and testing facilities in houston, tex. the number of clients who received free, voluntary hiv counseling and testing services between january 1990 and december 1992 doubled, while the seroprevalence rate declined from 6.1% to 2.9%. rates were highest for white males, clients attending freestanding hiv tes ...	1994	8085228
on the leading edge. texas researchers are developing the next generation of medical technology.		1994	8091307
quinacrine pellets have potential for simple, low-cost female sterilizations.	thousands of women in developing countries depend on quinacrine as a simple, low cost, nonsurgical sterilization method. few us reproductive health professionals know about quinacrine's family planning use. since quinacrine cannot be patented, no pharmaceutical company can protect its financial investments in quinacrine. so none has asked the us food and drug administration to approve it for contraception. us family planners question quinacrine's safety and efficacy, but supporters have access t ...	1994	12318749
mortality in a cohort of antimony smelter workers.	animal studies show that antimony may cause lung cancer and heart and lung disease in rodents. in exposed humans, ecg abnormalities and heart and lung disease have been reported. this mortality study of 1,014 men employed between 1937 and 1971 in a texas antimony smelter consisted primarily of workers of spanish ancestry (n = 928, 91.5%). hispanics are known to smoke at much lower rates than non-hispanics, and their lung cancer and heart disease mortality is generally low. when ethnic-specific t ...	1995	7611310
hiv infection and associated sexually transmitted diseases in women.	we determined the prevalence of other sexually transmitted diseases (stds) in 56 women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and compared the usefulness of this prevalence to that of standard risk assessment alone in identifying hiv-infected women. of the 56 women studied, 54 were infected with hiv. these women received instruction as to the modes of transmission and were then placed in standard risk groups based on their own assessments. a history of previous or current std was o ...	1995	7900067
perception of learning needs and preferred learning methods about aids/hiv among registered nurses working in the community in texas.	it is important for nurses and other healthcare workers to recognize that patients who present themselves for health care could already be infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). therefore, appropriate and sensible infection control precautions should be taken at all times. an assessment of nurses' knowledge of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)/hiv provides information to guide further continuing education efforts. this study describes the learning needs and preferred learning ...	1995	7759625
molecular characterization of a human calicivirus with sequence relationships closer to animal caliciviruses than other known human caliciviruses.	cdna clones were produced from a morphologically typical human calicivirus (hucv) in stool specimens collected in 1982 during an outbreak of gastroenteritis in sapporo, japan. the cdna clones were generated separately in two laboratories by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using primers 35 and 36 derived from norwalk virus. the rt-pcr product from six specimens was of the predicted size, had a continuous protein encoding frame on the positive strand, and contained glps an ...	1995	7775942
an overview of tick-borne relapsing fever with emphasis on outbreaks in texas.	tick-borne relapsing fever (tbrf), a disease of humans and other animals, has been recognized in north america since early in this century. caused by borrelia spirochetes, tbrf is transmitted by softshelled ornithodoros ticks, which may also act as reservoirs for the etiologic agents. initial symptoms include sudden onset of fever, chills, headache, arthralgias, and myalgias. persons with tbrf may suffer several febrile episodes or relapses unless they are diagnosed and treated promptly because ...	1995	7778052
the role of forensic anthropology in the recovery and analysis of branch davidian compound victims: recovery procedures and characteristics of the victims.	anthropological contributions to the investigation of the events at the branch davidian compound near waco, texas in early 1993, were of two major types: the recovery of human remains from the site and the analysis of most of those individuals at the medical examiner's office in fort worth, texas. this paper describes the role of forensic anthropology in the recovery and analysis of branch davidian compound victims and the recovery procedures and characteristics of the victims.	1995	7782737
the role of forensic anthropology in the recovery and analysis of branch davidian compound victims: techniques of analysis.	the recovery and analysis of human remains from the branch davidian compound, mount carmel, texas, was a multidisciplinary team effort. this presentation deals with one aspect of the forensic anthropological contribution to this collaborative endeavor--the examination and inventory of human skeletal remains and the interpretation of these osteological data. briefly described first are the content and format of the skeletal inventory and the examination procedures used for data collection. two su ...	1995	7782738
seroprevalence of human t cell lymphotropic virus type ii infection, with or without human immunodeficiency virus type 1 coinfection, among us intravenous drug users.	seroprevalence of human t lymphotropic virus (htlv) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) was determined among 7841 intravenous drug users (ivdus) from drug treatment centers in baltimore, chicago, los angeles, new jersey (asbury park and trenton), new york city (brooklyn and harlem), philadelphia, and san antonio, texas; 20.9% had evidence of htlv infection, as determined using a p21e eia for screening and p21e blot for confirmation. with a type-specific eia and blot used in combinati ...	1995	7797946
neurologic manifestations of aids: a comparative study of two populations from mexico and the united states.	neurologic complications associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection vary geographically. to understand the pattern of hiv-associated neurologic complications in mexico, 120 aids patients from mexico city, mexico, and 500 aids patients from houston, texas, were studied cross-sectionally and retrospectively. neurologic, laboratory, imaging, and pathologic examinations identified 40 mexican patients and 130 u.s. patients with neurologic complications. whereas aids dementi ...	1995	8548343
performance of a rapid, on-site human immunodeficiency virus antibody assay in a public health setting.	rapid, on-site human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) testing has the potential to improve the delivery of prevention services in publicly funded counseling and testing sites. the single use diagnostic system (suds) hiv-1 is the only rapid enzyme immunoassay (eia) approved for diagnostic use in the united states. to evaluate the feasibility of using suds in public clinics and to validate the test's performance in a public health laboratory, we conducted blinded suds testing on plasma sent for hiv te ...	1995	8576342
further validation of a quadruplex str dna typing system: a collaborative effort to identify victims of a mass disaster.	the relatively new, pcr-based technique of short tandem repeat (str) profiling has been used in the identification of the victims of a mass disaster. the analysis relied upon a recently developed multiplex reaction and the use of automated fluorescence technology to simulataneously analyse four tetrameric str loci. the performance of the 'quadruplex' test was assessed by use of a collaborative study incorporating a blind trial and was demonstrated to be accurate, reliable and robust. furthermore ...	1995	8591832
glut1 expression in human breast carcinoma: correlation with known prognostic markers.	breast cancers have been shown to have increased glucose uptake and utilization, and to express the facilitative glucose transporter glut1. the aim of this study was to determine the biological significance of glut1 expression in breast cancer.	1995	8669885
genetic control of apolipoprotein a-i distribution among hdl subclasses.	we conducted genetic analyses to determine the components of variation for size distributions of apolipoprotein (apo) a-i among human plasma lipoproteins resolved on the basis of size. analyses used data for 717 individuals in 26 pedigrees. apo a-i distributions among lipoprotein size classes were measured by nondenaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (gge) and immunoblotting procedures. curves were fitted to apo a-i absorbance profiles to estimate fractional absorbance in each of five high-dens ...	1995	8770324
rabies surveillance in the united states during 1994.	in 1994, 48 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 8,224 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 6 cases in human beings to the centers for disease control and prevention. nearly 93% (7,632 cases) were wild animals, whereas 7% (592 cases) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases decreased 13.4% from that of 1993 (9,498 cases), with most of the decline resulting from 19.2% fewer cases of rabies in raccoons. two previously described epizootics of rabies involvi ...	1995	7493894
lack of correlation between diarrhea and weight loss in hiv-positive outpatients in houston, texas.	to determine the prevalence of diarrhea and weight loss among human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive patients, we reviewed the records of all patients attending the harris county hiv clinic during a 4-month time period. diarrhea was considered persistent if it had been present for > 14 days or on two or more consecutive clinic visits. weight loss was defined as moderate (5-10% reduction in weight) or severe (> 10% reduction) when the present weight was compared with the weight found at the ...	1995	7560836
bridging the "med-ed gap" for students with special health care needs: a model school liaison program.	a successful school experience is critical to the development of all children, particularly in the areas of academic achievement, regular school attendance, and social competency. vulnerabilities in achieving each of these three goals have been documented among students with special health care needs (sshcn), and ascribed to the influence of their health-related disabilities. despite recognition of these vulnerabilities, barriers still exist to successful integration of sshcn into educational se ...	1995	7564282
hiv risk practices of male injecting-drug users who have sex with men--dallas, denver, and long beach, 1991-1994.	as of june 1995, a total of 31,024 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) had been reported in the united states among male injecting-drug users (idus) who also reported sexual contact with other men (1). although male idus who report male sex partners have accounted for 7% of all aids cases and for 21% of cases reported among idus, the characteristics and risk practices of male idus who have sex with men (msm) have not been clearly determined (2-4). to better characterize this group ...	1995	7565560
effects of medicaid drug utilization review intervention letters.	the state of texas drug utilization review (dur) board, composed of six physicians and six pharmacists, meets quarterly to determine criteria for implementing retrospective dur. the board agreed to send intervention letters to physicians concurrently prescribing: (1) two histamine2 (h2)-antagonists (h2as) or (2) either any h2a or omeprazole with sucralfate. to measure the effect of these intervention letters, approximately half of these physicians were randomly chosen to receive a letter while t ...	1995	7585856
validity of pap smear and mammogram self-reports in a low-income hispanic population.	this study measures the validity of self-reported mammography and pap smear usage in mexican-american women. we compared pap smear and mammography reports in medical records to self-reports obtained in a household survey of 450 women in el paso, texas. the women were generally low-income, older, and spanish-speaking. forty-six percent of self-reported pap smears in the previous year were verified (60.8% within previous two years, 67.1% within previous three years). forty-nine percent of self-rep ...	1995	7632456
epidemiology of influenza a virus infection in patients with acute or chronic leukemia.	influenza infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts, but its importance in adult cancer patients is largely undescribed. we therefore conducted a prospective study of the incidence and clinical features of influenza infection in patients with acute or chronic leukemia. the cohort, which consisted of all adult leukemia patients undergoing remission-induction chemotherapy during the 1991-1992 influenza epidemic, was followed prospectively for developmen ...	1995	7655781
evidence for linkage of postchallenge insulin levels with intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (fabp2) in mexican-americans.	single genes with large effects may contribute to insulin resistance or influence susceptibility to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (niddm). in the pima indians, results from sib-pair analysis have suggested that a gene on chromosome 4q influences both fasting insulin levels and maximal insulin action. we conducted sib-pair and logarithm of odds (lod)-score linkage analysis to seek evidence for linkage between genes influencing insulin levels and chromosome 4q loci. analyses were conduct ...	1995	7657027
prevalence of wasting in men infected with human immunodeficiency virus seeking routine medical care in an outpatient clinic.		1995	7657904
oral treatment of transmissible gastroenteritis with natural human interferon alpha: a field study.	during a natural outbreak of transmissible gastroenteritis (tge), groups of piglets were treated orally for 4 consecutive days with placebo or 1.0, 10.0 or 20.0 international units (iu) natural human interferon alpha (nhuifn alpha). piglets that were 1-12 days of age and given 1.0, 10.0 or 20.0 iu nhuifn alpha had significantly (p < 0.01) greater survival rates than placebo-treated piglets; survival rates were the greater for the highest level of nhuifn alpha treatment. in contrast, beneficial e ...	1995	7676616
human rabies--alabama, tennessee, and texas, 1994.	in october and november 1994, three persons (one each in alabama, tennessee, and texas) died from rabies. this report summarizes the investigations of these cases by state and local health departments and cdc.	1995	7708035
from the centers for disease control and prevention. human rabies--alabama, tennessee, and texas, 1994.		1995	7715050
sink or swim: population pressures threaten the nation's water.	since 1974, water in the us has been regulated through federal statutes such as the clean water act and the safe drinking water act, which set standards for water quality. usage regulations vary by state. the states of texas, arizona, kansas, and iowa use the "right to capture" as the basis of usage. this means any one can draw as much water as desired without cost or consideration for others' needs. this unrestricted use of water has resulted in the siphoning off of water from the colorado rive ...	1995	12346511
backs to the drawing board.		1995	10172296
special report. recent natural and man-made disasters: testing hospital disaster plans and security departments in real-life situations.	in 1995, hurricanes, windstroms, hailstroms, and record flooding challenged the disaster-coping capabilities of hospitals in the florida panhandle, new orleans, and texas. and, in carrollton, ga, a severe test of a hospital's disaster plan literally dropped out of the sky. in this report, we'll present some firsthand accounts of what happened; how hospital security and emergency personnel responded; and what lessons all hospitals can learn from these unusual, but not unforeseen, occurrences.	1995	10153637
factors contributing to delayed diagnosis of hiv-infected women and their children in south texas.	preliminary results from a previous study at a family human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) clinic in south texas indicated that hiv-positive (hiv+) children from small communities were usually infected and often symptomatic at the time of referral. the current study evaluated rates of vertical transmission and factors that contributed to delayed diagnosis of hiv for 82 children born to hiv-infected women in south texas. children from smaller metropolitan statistical areas (msas) were infected more ...	1995	11361386
houston man with aids loses job after co-workers vote to expel him.	an employee sued a houston machine shop that held a companywide vote culminating in the firing of the employee because he had aids. the lawsuit contended that the employee was able to perform his duties at the shop and that the shop had violated the texas health and safety code by disclosing his aids illness to his co-workers without his consent. the equal employment opportunity commission (eeoc) found that all the evidence indicated that the sole reason for the employee's firing was due to his ...	1995	11362240
court rejects claim that hiv evidence was inadmissable.	the texas court of appeals, rejecting the contention that hiv infection evidence was inappropriate in this case, upheld a 25-year sentence imposed on an hiv-positive man who engaged in oral sex with an 8-year-old boy. stephen joe sellers' wife baby-sat the boy several times in 1989. on one of those occasions, sellers forced oral sex on the boy and demanded the boy reciprocate. sellers argued that the trial judge should have withheld information about his hiv status from the jury. the court rejec ...	1996	11363503
court affirms $234,000 verdict against free-spending caregiver.	lawrence white, a man with aids, transferred his inherited money to his live-in caregiver, clortis roberts. white executed a power of attorney in roberts' favor, and made her executrix of his will. one month after roberts spent white's inheritance, she ordered him out of her home. white sued roberts for breach of fiduciary duty, conversion, and fraud in a harris county, tx, court. white was awarded actual and exemplary damages. on appeal, roberts argued that there was insufficient evidence to su ...	1996	11363683
false accusations: the human side of an fbi investigation.		1996	10156986
health impact of influenza in the united states.	influenza infection is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. the purpose of this investigation was to describe the health effects of influenza in the us. although a number of different data sources have been used to provide estimates of the health impact of influenza in the us, estimates provided in this article are primarily based upon the experiences reported in community-based studies performed in houston, texas, and tecumseh, michigan. estimates of the annual average are provi ...	1996	10160483
man sentenced in case hinging on fetal rights.		1996	11647508
patients improve with pet therapy.		1996	8772370
prevalence of hiv in a largely indigent obstetric population of tarrant county, texas.	to establish the seroprevalence of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in our county hospital obstetric patients, and to assess the predictive value of screening questionnaires for high-risk behaviors attributing to hiv infection, we conducted written surveys and blinded hiv testing over a 4-month period ending february 1993. blinded hiv antibody testing was performed on 1348 patients upon admission to labor and delivery. the coded blood samples were matched to similarly coded surveys of pati ...	1996	8820262
impact of pharmacist-operated general medicine chronic care refill clinics on practitioner time and quality of care.	to assess the impact of pharmacist-operated refill clinics on practitioner (physician/physician assistant) time. secondary objectives included assessment of disease state control, drug acquisition costs, and human resource allocation.	1996	8826553
pancreatitis associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a matched case-control study.	to determine the frequency of pancreatitis and to define risk factors for pancreatitis in patients with aids, we compared patients with pancreatitis to patients without pancreatitis in an urban infectious disease practice. pancreatitis was defined as at least one clinical sign or symptom (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, or tenderness) accompanied by elevation of serum amylase or lipase. twenty-four (22%) of 105 patients with aids, 2 (4%) of 46 patients with aids-related complex, 1 (3%) of 39 a ...	1996	8826775
changing patterns of infections in patients with aids: a study of 279 autopsies of prison inmates and nonincarcerated patients at a university hospital in eastern texas, 1984-1993.	reports on autopsies of 279 persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) were reviewed retrospectively to determine changes in survival rates and infections and to identify differences between prison inmates and nonincarcerated patients. the 78 cases from 1984 through 1988 were compared with 201 from 1989 through 1993, on the basis of use of antiretroviral therapy and (after 1988) prophylaxis against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). risk factors for hiv infection were homosexual ...	1996	8842257
ob gene not linked to human obesity in mexican american affected sib pairs from starr county, texas.	obesity is a highly prevalent disease, which is associated with a number of chronic conditions and, as such, represents a major public health burden. numerous studies indicate that there is a genetic component contributing to interindividual variability in obesity. the discovery of the ob gene in mice, mutations in which produce extreme obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (niddm), provides a prime candidate gene for human obesity. we investigated linkage between the human ob gene ...	1996	8882881
the students for peace project: a comprehensive violence-prevention program for middle school students.	students for peace is a three-year project (october 1993- september 1996) designed to evaluate a comprehensive, school-based intervention that seeks to prevent violence among sixth-, seventh-, and eighth-grade students in a large urban school district in texas. this study examines the hypothesis that students exposed to a two-year multiple-component intervention will reduce aggressive behavior compared to students who receive the district's "usual care" of violence prevention activities. student ...	1996	8909621
leishmaniasis in texas: epidemiology and clinical aspects of human cases.	twenty-seven autochthonous cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis in texas were identified by contact with dermatologists and state health department officials, and by a review of medical records, pathology reports, and previously published case reports. fifteen cases were previously unreported. although the date of onset of the first recognized case was 1903, in 20 of the cases the date of onset of the lesion(s) was in 1980-1989. twelve cases were female; 15 were male. age at diagnosis ranged from tw ...	1996	8940988
influenza immunization rates among pediatric health care providers.		1996	8954008
rabies surveillance in the united states during 1995.	in 1995, 49 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 7,877 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 4 cases in human beings to the centers for disease control and prevention. nearly 92% (7,247 cases) were wild animals, whereas 8% (630 cases) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases decreased 4.2% from that of 1994 (8,230 cases). most of the decline was the result of 17.1% fewer reported cases of rabies in raccoons in areas of the northeast, where rabies is now e ...	1996	8960176
lyme borreliosis in the southern united states: a review.	lyme borreliosis (lyme disease) is the most often reported arthropod transmitted disease in humans in the u.s.a. although it has been reported from 43 states, cases are especially abundant in the mid-atlantic and northeastern regions. borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent, is transmitted primarily by the western blacklegged tick (ixodes pacificus) in far western north america, and by the blacklegged tick (ixodes scapularis) in eastern north america. although lyme disease cases have been repo ...	1996	8973401
worldwide variations in sperm counts.	based on the premise that various human disease processes manifest differently depending on geography, we set out to determine whether sperm counts vary from different nations and different regions within the united states.	1996	8973676
syphilis and aids.	evidence is shown that syphilis has become a major public health problem again. from 1988 to 1995 the permanently growing number of new cases of syphilis in the world was observed. the majority of the syphilitic cases in the patients are difficult for curing. the central nervous system is often involved in early syphilis. previously the neurosyphilis was very rare. the reason for development of this stage of syphilis, may be an inadequate treatment as well as a weakening of the immunological res ...	1996	9017148
cocirculation of multiple hantaviruses in texas, with characterization of the small (s) genome of a previously undescribed virus of cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus).	an environmental and laboratory investigation was conducted after a fatal childhood case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome occurred in deaf smith county, texas in may 1995. a trapping campaign was conducted to identify possible rodent carriers. six species of murid and heteromyid rodents were collected, and at least one hantavirus-seropositive specimen was found in each of the five murid species. tissues from a selection of 11 seropositive specimens were examined by the polymerase chain reaction ...	1996	9025697
result of interferon-alpha therapy in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia 60 years of age and older.	to determine the response rate to interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (cml) aged 60 years and older.	1996	8610733
unanticipated diagnoses found at autopsy in an urban public teaching hospital.	the authors set out to evaluate the use of the autopsy in an urban public teaching hospital setting during the aids era. demographic and length of hospital stay data were obtained from weekly mortality review reports on all patients dying on the medicine service between 1/1/92 and 12/31/93. clinical and autopsy diagnoses were compared for those patients who had autopsies. the autopsy rate was 16% (152/974). significant, unsuspected diagnoses were found in 35% (53/152) of the cases, with infectio ...	1996	8615396
evidence for a major gene for type ii diabetes and linkage analyses with selected candidate genes in mexican-americans.	we have carried out two independent family studies in low-income mexican-americans from san antonio, texas. in the first study, probands were ascertained at random without regard to any medical condition (658 examined individuals from 50 families), and in the second study, probands were subjects with type ii diabetes identified in a prior epidemiological survey (523 examined individuals from 29 families). pedigrees ranging in size from 2 to 45 family members (median 11) in the first study and fr ...	1996	8621004
factors affecting treatment decisions and satisfaction of owners of cats with cancer.	cancer in cats is being diagnosed with increasing frequency. euthanasia or an active intervention such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or surgery are treatment choices for the owner at diagnosis of the cat's disease. in this study, 2 interviews with cat owners, one soon after diagnosis of cancer in the cat and one 6 months later, were used to identify owner characteristics associated with a decision of euthanasia or intervention, to identify factors associated with an owner's satisfaction wi ...	1996	8635966
mosquito-transmitted malaria acquired in texas.	malaria was endemic in the united states before world war ii. however, locally acquired malaria was thought to have been eradicated. since the mid-1980s, cases of locally acquired malaria have been described. we report the case of a 62-year-old man who came to the houston veterans affairs medical center with fever, malaise, and weakness and was found to have plasmodium vivax infection on peripheral blood smear. he had not left the country for 37 years and had no previous history of malaria. on s ...	1996	8638203
dibromochloropropane: epidemiological findings and current questions.	dibromochloropropane, dbcp, has had a seminal role in our current understanding of how to prevent chemical risks to health. early toxicological studies showed its special impact on the testes, and detection of its mutagenic potency was soon followed by demonstration of its carcinogenicity to animals. its commercial use as a useful nematocide ignored, at first, these warnings from the laboratory. when production workers, first in california and then in israel, found they were sterile as a result ...	1997	9472348
hiv-positive males' satisfaction with pharmacy services.	the objective of this study was to describe the pharmacy needs of a group of males infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and to determine whether those needs were being met. an anonymous survey was used to determine the perceptions of a group of hiv-positive males. of 62 usable responses, 53.2% of respondents tested positive for hiv more than five years ago and 58.1% reported a cd4 count below 200/mm3, the mean age was 41 years (sd = 8.6). respondents indicated a need for a pharmacist ...	1997	9040172
occurrence and concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in semipermeable membrane devices and clams in three urban streams of the dallas-fort worth metropolitan area, texas.	semipermeable membrane devices (spmds) and asiatic clams, corbicula fluminea (müller), were deployed at stream sites in the dallas-fort worth metropolitan area to assess the presence of bioavailable, dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs). twenty-four pahs were detected in spmds, 20 of which occurred at all sites. only three pahs were detected in the co-deployed clams. throughout all sites, non-alkylated pahs were found at greater levels in spmds than alkylated forms. nine of 16 prior ...	1997	9051903
sex differences in mortality of japanese macaques: twenty-one years of data from the arashiyama west population.	theorists argue that mortality in male mammals should be higher than that of females, and many studies of primates followed across the life course have found this to be the case. this study examines mortality patterns in the rapidly expanding arashiyama west (texas) population of japanese macaques (macaca fuscata) and finds that males have a significantly lower median survival age (12.2 years) in comparison to females (20.5 years). males and females are born in equal proportions, but by adulthoo ...	1997	9066898
consistency of condom use among users of injectable contraceptives.	use of condoms for protection against sexually transmitted diseases (stds) was examined over a nine-month period among 536 women from 17 clinics in southeastern texas who had selected the injectable depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (dmpa) as a contraceptive. among women who were using condoms prior to receiving dmpa, nearly half said they never or rarely did so after initiating dmpa use; only 18% of all women in the study used condoms consistently while relying on dmpa. factors associated with ...	1997	9099569